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A list of all pages that have property "Bio" with value "After completing an undergraduate degree in Economics at Keio University, Ryūichi Abé acquired a master’s degree from the School of Advanced International Affairs, the Johns Hopkins University. He then turned to Religious Studies and was awarded an M. Phil. and Ph.D. from Columbia University. Professor Abé’s research interests center around Buddhism and visual culture, Buddhism and literature, Buddhist theory of language, history of Japanese esoteric Buddhism, Shinto-Buddhist interaction, and Buddhism and gender. He has been teaching wide-ranging graduate and undergraduate courses on East Asian religions and premodern and early modern Japanese religions. His publications include ''Great Fool–Zen Master Ryōkan'' (University of Hawaii Press), the ''Weaving of Mantra–Kūkai and the Construction of Esoteric Buddhist Discourse'' (Columbia University Press), "Word" (in Lopez ed., ''Critical Terms in Buddhist Studies'', University of Chicago Press), "Genjō sanzō no tōei: ''Shingon hasso gyōjōzu'' no saikaishaku" (Tripitaka Master Xuanzang and His Reflections: reinterpreting the narrative painting series ''Deeds of the Shingon Patriarchs''), Sano Midori, et al. eds., ''Chūsei kaiga no matorikkusu II'' (''Matrix of Medieval Paintings II'', Seikansha Press), "Heian shoki tennō no seiken kōtai to kanjō girei" (Early Heian Imperial Succession and Abhiseka Ritual), Nemoto Seiji, et al. eds., ''Nara Bukkyō no dentō to kakushin'' (''Tradition and Innovation in the Buddhism of Nara'', Bensei Shuppan Press), "Revisiting the Dragon Princess: her role in medieval origin stories and its implications in reading the ''Lotus Sutra''" (''Japanese Journal of Religious Studies''), and "Women and the Heike nōkyō: The Dragon Princess, the Jewel and the Buddha" (''Impressions, The Journal of the Japanese Art Society of America''). ([https://rijs.fas.harvard.edu/ryuichi-abe Source Accessed Sept 4, 2020])". Since there have been only a few results, also nearby values are displayed.

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Filippi, G. + (Dr. Gian Giuseppe Filippi is Professor of … Dr. Gian Giuseppe Filippi is Professor of lndology and History of Art of lndia, University “Ca’ Foscari”, Venice. Involved, since 1971, in extensive field studies in India, directed specially towards the traditional relations between the shrines and rituals, he is not just one of the discoverers of Drupad Kila (in mid- Ganga plains), but led the multidisciplinary research team, credited with this discovery.Extensively published, Professor Filippi is President of the Venetian Academy of Indian Studies (VAIS), heads Human Sciences research in the “Kampilya Project”; and is Member of Is.I.A.O., Royal Society of Asian Affairs, Indian Archaeological Society, and Pafichal Research Institute, among several other institutions in Europe and India. ([https://dkprintworld.com/author-book/gian-giuseppe-filippi/ Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023])pe-filippi/ Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023]))
Kasevich, H. + (Dr. Heidi Kasevich designs and delivers pr … Dr. Heidi Kasevich designs and delivers programs nationwide that focus on guiding school and workplace communities to foster inclusive cultures where people of all temperaments thrive. A specialist in educating quiet and women leaders, she is passionate about helping students and adults alike to use self-awareness to optimize their ability to lead in today’s world. Kasevich, known for her effervescent presentation style, is a frequent speaker at educational conferences and associations, and her Quiet Revolution work has been featured on NPR and in numerous publications, including ''Huffington Post'', ''New York Magazine'', and ''Harvard Magazine''. A member of the DEAK Group, she is the author of the ''Guide to Giving'', a highly-acclaimed K-12 philanthropy curriculum, and ''Closing the Gap'', an influential girls’ leadership curriculum. Her proficiency is grounded in over 20 years of experience as educator and history department chair at schools in New York City, including Nightingale-Bamford, Dalton, Berkeley Carroll, NYU and Cooper Union. Kasevich has served as Director of ''Académie de Paris'', an Oxbridge Academic Program, and is Program Director at the Hotchkiss Student Leadership Institute. A gcLi Alumna Scholar, she received her BA from Haverford and PhD from New York University. (https://summerspark2018.sched.com/speaker/heidi_kasevich.1xwj2eyl Source Accessed Apr 20, 2023])ch.1xwj2eyl Source Accessed Apr 20, 2023]))
Guenther, H. + (Dr. Herbert Guenther (1917-2006) was one o … Dr. Herbert Guenther (1917-2006) was one of the first translators of the Vajrayana and Dzogchen teachings into English. He was well known for his pioneering translations of Gampopa's ''Jewel Ornament of Liberation'' and Longchenpa's ངལ་གསོ་སྐོར་གསུམ་, ''ngal gso skor sgum'', which was published as a trilogy under the title ''Kindly Bent to Ease Us''.He was born in Bremen, Germany, in 1917. He studied in Munich and Vienna, and then taught at Vienna University from 1943 to 1950. He then lived and taught in India, at Lucknow University from 1950 to 1958, and the Sanskrit University in Varanasi from 1958 to 1963. He then went to the University of Saskatchewan in Canada, where his students included Leslie Kawamura, Kennard Lipman, Steven Goodman and James Valby.According to Steven Goodman, Guenther used to say that a good translator must do two things: 1) translate Tibetan terms based on the genre and approach in which they are being used, and 2) continually refine one's translation choices.Guenther had many admirers and although many of his translation choices never caught on, his work did have a clear and undeniable influence on many translators. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Herbert_V._Guenther Source Accessed July 22, 2020])Also see Steven Goodman's article "[https://www.lionsroar.com/profile-death-of-a-pioneer/ Death of a Pioneer]".See a list of terms used by Guenther in translation on [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Category:HVG_Glossary Rigpa Wiki here].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_V._Günther Herbert V. Günther on Wikipedia]'''QUOTES:''' "1. To give an example, if someone were to 'translate' the French ''il a le mal de tête'' as 'he has the evil of the earthenware pot,' which is the correct philological rendering and then were to claim that this is what the French understood by that phrase, he would be considered insane, but when someone proclaims such absurdities as 'embryo of Tathāgatha,' 'substantial body', 'eminated incarnation Body,' and so on, which are not even philologically correct but merely reveal utter incomprehension of the subject matter, by a strange volte-face, he is said to be a scholar."~ "Bodhisattva - The Ethical Phase in Evolution" in [[The Bodhisattva Doctrine in Buddhism]], page 123, note 1.]], page 123, note 1.)
Manlowe, J. + (Dr. Manlowe has worked as an educator, aut … Dr. Manlowe has worked as an educator, author, life-clarity coach, couples and family therapist, and group facilitator in many venues since 1988. Before acquiring her clinical degree in Couples and Family Therapy, she received a Bachelor’s in Psychology, a Master’s in Divinity, and a Doctorate in Psychology and Religion with an emphasis on culture and wellness. The first half of her adult life was spent on the East Coast researching, teaching, and writing books. In the second half, she's been devoted to her family and growing as a therapist while living in the beautiful Pacific Northwest, her original home. ([https://emboldenu.com/about/ Adapted from Source May 29, 2023])/about/ Adapted from Source May 29, 2023]))
Carter, R. + (Dr. Robert Carter, was recognized for his … Dr. Robert Carter, was recognized for his dedication to teaching and students with a Symons Award for Excellence in Teaching in 1987. He is now a Professor Emeritus at Trent.In his role as Professor in the Philosophy Department at Trent, Dr. Carter developed East Asian philosophy courses and served as the first Master of Otonabee College. He also directed the interdisciplinary M.A. program. In 2003 he was awarded the Japan Foundation, a prestigious research grant awarded to only 10 scholars from across North America. He has written or co-authored at least 10 books and more than 70 articles and reviews, and has spent time in Japan studying the Japanese Great Arts and ethics. ([https://www.trentu.ca/teaching/robert-carter Source Accessed Apr 18, 2023])bert-carter Source Accessed Apr 18, 2023]))
Burr, R. + (Dr. Ron Burr has been a philosophy and rel … Dr. Ron Burr has been a philosophy and religious studies professor for over two decades with the University of Southern Mississippi [www.usm.edu]. Ron has more than 20 years of leadership training experience in companies and non-profits. He has worked with the Fulbright Commission [www.fulbright.co.uk] where he helped institute business ethics programs in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and the Philippines, and with the Center for Creative Leadership [www.ccl.org/leadership/index.aspx] where he conducted numerous training events for Fortune 500 companies.Ron was instrumental in creating Religious Youth Service's experience-based, service learning model. He has served as a RYS project and educational leader in Spain, Italy, Poland, Czech Republic, Turkey, Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, the Philippines, Trinidad, Guatemala, The U.K., Jamaica and Estonia.After earning his Ph.D. in comparative philosophy at the University of California [www.ucsb.edu], Santa Barbara, Ron studied Buddhism in Thailand, Taiwan, Sri Lanka and Japan. He also pursued post-doctoral studies with the best known comparative religionists of the twentieth century: Huston Smith [www.hustonsmith.net] and Ninian Smart [www.scottlondon.com/interviews/smart.html]. In addition to the Fulbright Ron has been the recipient of many private and national government grants. He edited a lengthy book on comparative philosophy and religion and has a long list of other publications in these fields. ([http://www.religiousyouthservice.org/about/leadership/burr.htm Source Accessed June 14, 2023])p/burr.htm Source Accessed June 14, 2023]))
Goswami, S. + (Dr. S. C. Goswami was a Professor of Chemi … Dr. S. C. Goswami was a Professor of Chemistry at Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, India. He is the author of "The Monistic Absolute of the Uttaratantra and Modern Science" and "Complementarity of Opposites: The Undercurrent of Upaniṣadic Thought," both of which are published in the volume ''Philosophy, Grammar, and Indology: Essays in Honour of Prof. Gustav Roth'' (Sri Satguru Publications, 1992).v Roth'' (Sri Satguru Publications, 1992).)
Pacey, S. + (Dr. Scott Pacey is an Assistant Professor in the School of Sociology and Social Policy at the University of Nottingham.)
Forsthoefel, T. + (Dr. Thomas Forsthoefel is Professor of Rel … Dr. Thomas Forsthoefel is Professor of Religious Studies. He earned his B.A. from Georgetown University, M.A.s from Loyola University of Chicago and the University of Chicago, and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago. Dr. Forsthoefel was the Erie County Poet Laureate from 2010-2012 and served as department chair from 2006-2013.He specializes in South Asian religions and philosophies. His articles have been published in Philosophy East and West, Journal of Ecumenical Studies, International Journal of Hindu Studies, Journal of Vaishnava Studies, and Horizons, among others, and he has written or edited four books: Knowing Beyond Knowledge (Ashgate, 2002), a study of the cognitive dimension of religious experience in Hindu Advaita, Gurus in America (SUNY, 2006), a volume he co-edited with Cynthia Ann Humes, Soulsong: Seeking Holiness, Coming Home (Orbis, 2006), and The Dalai Lama: Essential Writings (Orbis, 2008), an edited volume of the philosophical, ethical, and meditation teachings of the Dalai Lama.Dr. Fortshoefel teaches courses such as: Hinduism, Buddhism, Poetry of the Sacred, and New Religious Movements. ([https://www.mercyhurst.edu/faculty/thomas-forsthoefel Source Accessed May 28, 2023])forsthoefel Source Accessed May 28, 2023]))
Brag dkar blo bzang dpal ldan bstan 'dzin snyan grags + (Drakar Lobzang Palden Tendzin Nyendrak (Br … Drakar Lobzang Palden Tendzin Nyendrak (Brag dkar blo bzang dpal ldan bstan 'dzin snyan grags 1866–1928) of Trehor Kardzé wrote a refutation of Mipam Rinpoche's commentary on the ninth chapter of the ''Bodhicaryāvatāra''. He was also a disciple of the Longchen Nyingtik master Ragang Chöpa, and a teacher of Amdo Geshe Jampal Rolwé Lodrö. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Drakkar_Lobzang_Palden Adapted from Source Oct 4, 2022])g_Palden Adapted from Source Oct 4, 2022]))
Gro lung pa blo gros 'byung gnas + (Drolungpa Lodrö Jungne was a disciple of r … Drolungpa Lodrö Jungne was a disciple of rNgog lo tsā ba Blo ldan shes rab. Among his important works include a biography (''rnam thar'') of Blo ldan shes rab as well as the ''Great Stages of the Doctrine'' (''Bstan rim chen mo''), which served as a model for Tsongkhapa's Lam rim texts.as a model for Tsongkhapa's Lam rim texts.)
Johnston, E. + (Edward Hamilton Johnston was a British ori … Edward Hamilton Johnston was a British oriental scholar who was Boden Professor of Sanskrit at the University of Oxford from 1937 until his death. He was born on 26 March 1885; his father was Reginald Johnston, Governor of the Bank of England from 1909 to 1911. He was educated at Eton College before studying at New College, Oxford, switching to history after a year of mathematics and obtaining a first-class degree in 1907. He joined the Indian Civil Service, winning the Boden Sanskrit Scholarship during his probation, and worked in India from 1909 onwards in various capacities. He took the opportunity to retire in 1924 after working in India for 15 years, and returned to England. Thereafter he spent his time on the study of Sanskrit, later learning sufficient Tibetan and Chinese to make use of material available in those languages.Although Johnston seems only to have published one article in India (on a group of medieval statues), his later works show that he had noted local Indian practices in agriculture and other areas, since he made reference to these in his analysis of Sanskrit texts. Between 1928 and 1936, he published an edition and translation of the ''Buddhacārita'' (''Acts of the Buddha'') by the 2nd-century author Aśvaghoṣa; this was described by the writer of his obituary in The Times as his "magnum opus."In 1937, he was elected Boden Professor of Sanskrit and Keeper of the Indian Institute at the University of Oxford, also becoming a Professorial Fellow of Balliol College. He started cataloguing the Sanskrit manuscripts acquired for the Bodleian Library by an earlier Boden professor, A. A. Macdonell, helped improve the museum of the Indian Institute, and worked on the manuscripts held by the India Office Library. He published several articles on a variety of topics. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Johnston_(orientalist) Source Accessed Jan 13, 2020])rientalist) Source Accessed Jan 13, 2020]))
Henning, E. + (Edward Henning was a mathematician with a … Edward Henning was a mathematician with a long career in computer journalism and programming. An experienced translator, he specialized in Kālacakra literature for over three decades. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/edward-henning/ Wisdom Experience])author/edward-henning/ Wisdom Experience]))
Craig, E. + (Edward John Craig (born 26 March 1942) is … Edward John Craig (born 26 March 1942) is an English academic philosopher, editor of the ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', and former Knightbridge Professor of Philosophy at the University of Cambridge. He is also a former cricketer at first-class level: a right-handed batsman for Cambridge University and Lancashire. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Craig_(philosopher) Source Accessed June 5, 2023])hilosopher) Source Accessed June 5, 2023]))
Lange, E. + (Elena Louisa Lange, Ph.D. (2011), Universi … Elena Louisa Lange, Ph.D. (2011), University of Zurich, is Senior Researcher and Lecturer in Japanology at the University of Zurich. Her current research is on the reception of Marx's Critique of Political Economy. Her publishing focuses mostly on value theory. ([https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/32218?contents=editorial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023])ial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023]))
Martin, E. + (Emma Martin is Lecturer in Museology at th … Emma Martin is Lecturer in Museology at the University of Manchester and Head of Ethnology at the National Museums in Liverpool, UK. She received her doctorate from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London in 2014 for her thesis, “Charles Bell’s collection of ‘curios:’ Negotiating Tibetan material culture on the Anglo-Tibetan borderlands, 1900–1945.” ([https://heiup.uni-heidelberg.de/journals/index.php/transcultural/article/view/23538 Source Accessed Mar 8, 2023])e/view/23538 Source Accessed Mar 8, 2023]))
Lo Bue, E. + (Erberto Lo Bue obtained a Ph.D in Tibetan … Erberto Lo Bue obtained a Ph.D in Tibetan Studies at the School of Oriental and AfricanStudies (University of London) and became Associate Professor at Bologna University, where he taught the history of Indian and Central Asian art, and classical Tibetan. From 1972 he carried out research in Nepal, India and Tibet, his fieldwork in Ladakh starting in 1978 and continuing in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2005. Most of his over 190 publications are related to Tibetan, Newar and Indian religious art. (Art and Architecture in Ladakh, list of contributors, vii)ture in Ladakh, list of contributors, vii))
Curren, E. + (Erik Curren has worked for a decade in the … Erik Curren has worked for a decade in the solar power industry while writing about energy, climate change and U.S. history. His previous books include "The Solar Patriot: A Citizen's Guide to Helping America Win Clean Energy Independence." His work aims to draw inspiration and lessons for success today from stories of people in the past who fought with courage and conscience to solve the biggest problems facing America and the world. ([https://www.audible.com/author/Erik-D-Curren/B0719W2748 Source Accessed Nov 30, 2023])/B0719W2748 Source Accessed Nov 30, 2023]))
Kunsang, E. + (Erik Pema Kunsang is one of the most highl … Erik Pema Kunsang is one of the most highly regarded Tibetan translators and interpreters today. Erik has been the assistant and translator for [[Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche]] and his sons since the late 1970s. He has translated and edited over fifty volumes of Tibetan texts and oral teachings, and was one of the founding directors of [[Rangjung Yeshe Publications]]. ([http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Erik_Pema_Kunsang Source Accessed Jul 24, 2020])ema_Kunsang Source Accessed Jul 24, 2020]))
Leumann, E. + (Ernst Leumann (11 April 1859 – 24 April 19 … Ernst Leumann (11 April 1859 – 24 April 1931) was a Swiss jainologist, pioneer of the research of Jainism and Turkestan languages whose work is in consideration even today. His studies on linguistics in Zürich and Geneva and of Sanskrit in Leipzig and Berlin were followed by his doctorate in 1881 in Strasbourg. His dissertation was "Etymological Dictionary of the Sanskrit Language." ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Leumann Source Accessed Apr 23, 2022])nst_Leumann Source Accessed Apr 23, 2022]))
Bock, E. + (Etienne Bock is a specialist in Tibetan literature and Himalayan arts.)
Dargyay, E. + (Eva K. Dargyay (born October 1 , 1937 in M … Eva K. Dargyay (born October 1 , 1937 in Munich ) is a German Tibetologist. After earning her doctorate phil. in Munich in 1974, habilitation there in 1976 (structure and change in the Tibetan village) and work as a private lecturer from 1981 to 1990 she was a professor of religious studies with a focus on Buddhism and Tibet at the University of Calgary. From 1991 to 2003 she was a professor at the University of Alberta in Edmonton. She has been living in Germany again since 2006. She was married to the Tibetologist Lobsang Dargyay (1935-1994). Tibetologist Lobsang Dargyay (1935-1994).)
Natanya, E. + (Eva Natanya is a Teacher, Translator, Scho … Eva Natanya is a Teacher, Translator, Scholar, Philosopher, and Theologian. I have studied the classical Tibetan language for over twenty years, and have translated hundreds of pages from the works of Je Tsongkhapa (1357-1419), as well as from such Gelukpa masters as Gyaltsab Je, Khedrub Je, the First Panchen Lama Lobsang Chukyi Gyaltsen, and Choney Lama Drakpa Shedrup. I also have significant experience reading and translating texts from the Great Perfection (Dzokchen) tradition of the Nyingma lineage. I care deeply about the nonsectarian (Rimé) movement in nineteenth century Tibetan history, and am committed to contemporary efforts that seek mutual understanding between the great lineages of Tibetan Buddhism. ([https://www.evanatanya.com/ Source Accessed April 23, 2024])anya.com/ Source Accessed April 23, 2024]))
Arnold, Eve + (Eve Arnold was born in Philadelphia, Penns … Eve Arnold was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Russian immigrant parents. She began photographing in 1946, while working at a photo-finishing plant in New York City, and then studied photography in 1948 with Alexei Brodovitch at the New School for Social Research in New York.Arnold first became associated with Magnum Photos in 1951 and became a full member in 1957. She was based in the US during the 1950s but went to England in 1962 to put her son through school; except for a six-year interval when she worked in the US and China, she lived in the UK for the rest of her life.Her time in China led to her first major solo exhibition at the Brooklyn Museum in 1980, where she showed the resulting images. In the same year, she received the National Book Award for In China and the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Society of Magazine Photographers.In later years, she received many other honours and awards. In 1995, she was made fellow of the Royal Photographic Society and elected Master Photographer – the world’s most prestigious photographic honour – by New York’s International Center of Photography. In 1996, she received the Kraszna-Krausz Book Award for In Retrospect. The following year she was granted honorary degrees by the University of St Andrews, Staffordshire University, and the American International University in London; she was also appointed to the advisory committee of the National Museum of Photography, Film & Television in Bradford, UK. She has had twelve books published.Eve passed away in January of 2012. ([https://www.magnumphotos.com/photographer/eve-arnold/ Source Accessed Feb 14, 2023])her/eve-arnold/ Source Accessed Feb 14, 2023]))
Rambelli, F. + (Fabio Rambelli is an Italian academic, aut … Fabio Rambelli is an Italian academic, author, and editor. He is a professor in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB).Fabio Rambelli was born in Ravenna, Italy. He earned a BA in Japanese language and culture from the University of Venice. In 1992, he was awarded his PhD in East Asian Studies from University of Venice and the Italian Ministry of Scientific Research. He also studied at the Oriental Institute in Naples and at the Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.In 2001, Rambelli was a professor of religious studies, cultural studies, and Japanese religions at Sapporo University in Japan. At present, Rambelli holds the International Shinto Foundation Chair in Shinto Studies at UCSB. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabio_Rambelli Source Accessed April 6, 2020])o_Rambelli Source Accessed April 6, 2020]))
Fahai + (Fahai. (J. Hōkai; K. Pǒphae 法海) (d.u.). In … Fahai. (J. Hōkai; K. Pǒphae 法海) (d.u.). In Chinese, "Sea of Dharma": a disciple of Huineng, the sixth patriarch (Liuzu) of the Chan zong. Fahai is said to have been the head monk of the monastery of Tafansi in Shaozhou Prefecture, where Huineng is presumed to have delivered a sermon on the "sudden" teachings(dunjiao) of the Southern school (Nan zong) of Chan. Fahai is dubiously credited with compiling the written record of this sermon, the ''Liuzu tan jing'' ("Platform Sūtra of the Sixth Patriarch"). A rather late "brief preface” (luexu) to the ''Liuzu tan jing'' is also retrospectively attributed to Fahai. The story of this figure may have been based on a monk by the same name who was affiliated with the Niutou zong of Chan. (Source: "Fahai." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 289. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Locke, J. + (Father John Kerr Locke was one of the world’s foremost scholars of Newar Buddhism.)
Chaoul, M. + (Founding Director – Jung Center’s Mind Bod … Founding Director – Jung Center’s Mind Body Spirit Institute Adjunct Faculty – Integrative Medicine Program Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation & Integrative Medicine MD Anderson Cancer Center Adjunct Faculty – McGovern Center for Humanities and Ethics McGovern Medical School, UT Health Instructor – Rice University Glasscock School of Continuing Studies, aster of Liberal Studies program Instructor – University of Maryland, Baltimore, Masters in Integrative MedicineDr. Chaoul is the Huffington Foundation Endowed Director of the Mind Body Spirit Institute at the Jung Center of Houston, bringing a new approach for helping healthcare professionals flourish by reducing stress and burnout, and improving health, resilience and nourish the human spirit.He holds a PhD in Tibetan religions from Rice University, and has studied in the Tibetan tradition since 1989, and for almost 30 years with Yongdzin Tenzin Namdak and Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche, completing the 7-year training at Ligmincha Institute in 2000, and also training in Triten Norbutse monastery in Nepal and Menri monastery in India.Alejandro is a Senior Teacher of The 3 Doors, an international organization founded by Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche with the goal of transforming lives through meditation, and since 1995, he has been teaching meditation classes and Tibetan Yoga (Tsa Lung & Trul Khor) workshops nationally and internationally under the auspices of Ligmincha International.In 1999 he began teaching these techniques at the Integrative Medicine Program of the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, TX, where he holds an adjunct faculty position and for the last twenty years has conducted research on the effect of these practices in people with cancer and their caregivers. He is also an adjunct faculty member at The University of Texas’ McGovern Center for Humanities and Ethics, where he teaches medical students in the areas of spirituality, complementary and integrative medicine, and end-of-life care. In addition he is an Instructor at Rice University’s Glasscock School of Continuing Studies Master of Liberal Studies program and an at The University of Maryland, Baltimore, Masters in Integrative Medicine.In addition, he is an advisor to The Rothko Chapel and past board member of The Boniuk Center for Religious Tolerance at Rice University, and founding member of Compassionate Houston. His research and publications focus on mind-body practices in integrative care, examining how these practices can reduce chronic stress, anxiety and sleep disorders and improve quality of life. He is the author of ''Chod Practice in the Bon Tradition'' (SnowLion, 2009), ''Tibetan Yoga for Health and Wellbeing'' (Hay House, 2018), and ''Tibetan Yoga: Magical Movements of Body, Breath & Mind'' (Wisdom Publications, 2021). He has published in the area of religion and medicine, medical anthropology and the interface of spirituality and healing. Dr. Chaoul has been recognized as a Fellow at the Mind & Life Institute. ([https://alechaoul.com/home/about-ale/ Source Accessed Nov 27, 2023]) Institute. ([https://alechaoul.com/home/about-ale/ Source Accessed Nov 27, 2023]))
Antunes da Silva, J. + (Fr. Da Silva was born on December 5, 1957, … Fr. Da Silva was born on December 5, 1957, at Maxial da Campo, Sarzedas in Portugal. After his primary and secondary schooling at Maxial da Campo and Tortosendo, he joined the SVD (The Society of the Divine Word) novitiate at Fátima in 1975 and made his first vows on September 26, 1976. He studied philosophy and theology at the Catholic University, Lisbon. He was ordained priest at Fátima on May 6, 1984.Fr. Da Silva was a missionary in Ghana (Kintampo) from 1986-1989. He then did his master in ‘Religion and Culture’ in Washington D.C. from 1990-1992. For the next eleven years, he was involved in Campus Ministry at Guimarães, Portugal. During this time he was also teacher at the philosophy faculty at Braga. Fr. Da Silva was the Vice provincial (POR) from 1998-2001. Before he was elected as the provincial superior in 2007, he was spiritual director of diocesan seminarians at Braga, Director of “Contacto SVD” and provincial assistant of SVD Lay Missionaries. ([https://fielsvd.wordpress.com/2012/07/11/fr-jose-antunes-da-silva-elected-as-general-council-member/ Source Accessed April 4, 2024])il-member/ Source Accessed April 4, 2024]))
Kuiper, F. + (Franciscus Bernardus Jacobus Kuiper (July … Franciscus Bernardus Jacobus Kuiper (July 7, 1907 – November 14, 2003) was a distinguished scholar in Indology, and "one of the last great Indologists of the past century ... His very innovative work covers virtually all the fields of Indo-Iranian and Indo-Aryan philology, linguistics, mythology and theater, as well as Indo-European, Dravidian, Munda and Pan-Indian linguistics."Kuiper was born in The Hague, studied Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, and Indo-European linguistics at Leiden University, and in 1934 completed his doctoral thesis on the nasal presents in Sanskrit and other Indo-European languages. After [serving] years as a high school teacher of Latin and Greek at the lyceum of Batavia (Jakarta), Indonesia, in 1939 he was appointed Professor of Sanskrit at Leiden University.Kuiper was a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences between 1937 and 1939, when he resigned. He became a member again in 1948. He was a Knight in the Order of the Netherlands Lion. He died in Zeist and was buried in the Rijnhof cemetery at Leiden. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscus_Bernardus_Jacobus_Kuiper Source Accessed July 3, 2023])obus_Kuiper Source Accessed July 3, 2023]))
Schiefner, A. + (Franz Anton (von) Schiefner (Russian Антон … Franz Anton (von) Schiefner (Russian Антон Антонович Шифнер, Anton Antonovič Šifner) was a Baltic German linguist and ethnologist. He is considered one of the founders of Uralistics, Tibetology, Mongolian Studies and Caucasian Studies.Anton Schiefner was born into a Baltic German merchant family in Reval. The family had immigrated to Estonia from Bohemia . After graduating from the Knights and Cathedral School in Reval (Tallinn), he studied law at the University of St. Petersburg from 1836 to 1840 and Oriental Studies at the University of Berlin from 1840 to 1842.From 1843 Schiefner was a teacher of Latin and ancient Greek at a grammar school in Saint Petersburg, from 1863 librarian and later library director at the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. From 1852 he represented the subject of Tibetology at the Academy, of which he was an associate member from 1854 until his death. From 1860 to 1873 he simultaneously held a professorship in Latin and Greek at the Roman Catholic Seminary. In the years 1863, 1865 and 1878 he stayed in England for research purposes. In 1866 he was appointed Real Councilor of State. Schiefner was a corresponding member of the Finnish Literary Society.With numerous publications, Schiefner has made a significant contribution to research into Tibetan and Mongolian. Milestones were his editing of the New Testament in Mongolian and the translation of Buddha texts from Tibetan. In addition, Schiefner was one of the best experts on Finno-Ugric languages of his time. He is famous for his translation of the Finnish national epic ''Kalevala'' under the title ''Kalevala, the national epic of the Finns'', the first translation into the German language (1852). Between 1853 and 1862 he published the work of the young man in twelve volumes Matthias Alexander Castrén, who laid the foundation for academic study of the Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic languages of Russia. In addition, Schiefner devoted himself to the languages of the Caucasus and topics of Indology. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_Schiefner Source Accessed Aug 25, 2023])n_Schiefner Source Accessed Aug 25, 2023]))
Pommaret, F. + (Françoise Pommaret (born 1954) is a French … Françoise Pommaret (born 1954) is a French ethno-historian and Tibetologist.Pommaret grew up in the Congo. She received her Master of Arts in the history of art and archeology from the Sorbonne University and completed her studies in Tibetan at the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientalest (INALCO). Her doctoral thesis on "People who come back from the netherland in the Tibetan cultural areas" received the prix Delalande-Guérineau from the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.She holds the position of Director of Research Emeritus at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) in Paris. Her work focuses on cultural anthropology in Bhutan and she has published extensively on different aspects of Bhutanese culture.[2][3]She has worked in Bhutan since 1981 and with the Bhutan Tourism Corporation between 1981 and 1986, after which she participated in educational and cultural projects in Bhutan. She has been a consultant for UNESCO as well as guest-curator for exhibitions. She lectures around the world on aspects of Bhutanese history and culture.Pommaret works as Associate Professor and adviser to the College of Language and Culture Studies (CLCS), Royal University of Bhutan and worked as scientific advisor to the Bhutan Cultural Atlas.Pommaret is also honorary consul of France in Bhutan and the president of the association of Amis du Bhoutan (friends of Bhutan, founded 1987). ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Pommaret Source Accessed Nov 14, 2023])se_Pommaret Source Accessed Nov 14, 2023]))
Capriles-Arias, E. + (From 1993 to 2003 Elías-Manuel Capriles-Ar … From 1993 to 2003 Elías-Manuel Capriles-Arias filled the Chair of Eastern Studies at the Faculty of Humanities and Education, University of The Andes, Mérida, Venezuela (originally ascribed to the Dean’s Office and then to the Department of Philosophy). Thereafter he has been ascribed to the Center of Studies on Africa and Asia, School of History, same Faculty and University, where he teaches Philosophy and elective subjects on the problems of globalization, Buddhism, Asian Religions and Eastern Arts.Besides teaching at the University, Capriles is an instructor of Buddhism and Dzogchen certified by the Tibetan Master of these disciplines, Chögyal Namkhai Norbu; in this field, he has taught in Venezuela, Peru, Spain, Costa Rica and Chile. ([https://eliascapriles.com/ Source Accessed Apr 17, 2023])priles.com/ Source Accessed Apr 17, 2023]))
Donnelly, G. + (Gary Donnelly is an academic advisor at th … Gary Donnelly is an academic advisor at the University of Manchester, and lectures in Indic Religious Traditions at Liverpool Hope University. He holds a PhD in Indian Philosophy, specializing in Theravada, Madhyamaka, Yogacara, and Vedanta traditions. ([https://www.lionsroar.com/author/gary-donnelly/ Source Accessed April 25, 2024])donnelly/ Source Accessed April 25, 2024]))
Dalai Lama, 1st + (Gendün Drub was a close disciple of Tsongk … Gendün Drub was a close disciple of Tsongkhapa, after first ordaining and training in the great Kadam monastery of Nartang. Gendün Drub was instrumental in spreading the new Geluk tradition in Tsang; he founded the great monastery Tashilhunpo in 1447 and was its first abbot, until 1484. He was posthumously identified as the First Dalai Lama, a previous incarnation of the third Dalai Lama, Sonam Gyatso, who first held the title. Gendün Drub was identified as an emanation of Avalokiteshvara, the bodhisattva of compassion believed to be embodied in the Dalai Lama incarnation line.bodied in the Dalai Lama incarnation line.)
Bailey, G. + (Geoff Bailey is currently a resident scholar at the Tibetan Academy of Social Science, having graduated from the Tibet University Tibetan language program. He has been involved in numerous Tibetan language projects. (Source: ''The Six Brothers'', 2007))
Arnold, G. + (Geoffrey Shugen Arnold is the abbot and re … Geoffrey Shugen Arnold is the abbot and resident teacher of Zen Mountain Monastery and abbot of the Zen Center of New York City. He received dharma transmission from John Daido Loori Roshi in 1997. ([https://www.lionsroar.com/mind-is-buddha/ Source Accessed Nov 18, 2019])-is-buddha/ Source Accessed Nov 18, 2019]))
Oberhammer, G. + (Gerhard Oberhammer (born 1929) studied the … Gerhard Oberhammer (born 1929) studied theology and philosophy in Innsbruck before he turned his attention to Indology. In 1964 he succeeded Erich Frauwallner (1898–1974) as head of the Institute for Indology at the University of Vienna. He held this professorship until his retirement in 1997. His first co-operation with the ÖAW took place in 1970, when Oberhammer, with the support of Cardinal Franz König and the Academy, founded the De Nobili Research Library, which is now located at the ISTB of the University of Vienna on permanent loan from the ÖAW. From 1983 Oberhammer oversaw the "Commission for Languages and Cultures of South and East Asia," founded by Frauwallner, as well as the "Research Unit for Cultural and Intellectual History of Asia" that had been formed in 1986. The two units merged into an institute (the IKGA) in 1991, with Oberhammer serving as its director until his retirement in 1997.The most important projects conducted or initiated at the Institute under Oberhammer's directorship include:* Dictionary of Indian Epistemology and Logic (1983–2006), with the co-operation of Ernst Prets and Joachim Prandstätter.*The Tāntrikābhidhānakośa Project: A Hindu Tantric Dictionary (since 1993), with the co-operation of Marion Rastelli.*History of the Rāmānuja School (1994–2010), with the co-operation of Marcus Schmücker and Marion Rastelli. This project led to the work on the Viṣṇu philosopher Veṅkaṭanātha (traditionally dated 1270-1369), which remains a key topic at the IKGA.*Hermeneutics of religion, an interdisciplinary research topic that highlights in particular the encounter of and the dialogue between western and eastern religions. ([https://www.oeaw.ac.at/en/ikga/institute/former-directors Source Accesed Jan 30, 2024])er-directors Source Accesed Jan 30, 2024]))
Taenzer, G. + (Gertraud Taenzer is an independant scholar … Gertraud Taenzer is an independant scholar. Her current research interests are old Tibetan wood-slips of the Southern Taklamakan and the Tsaidam Basin and the secular manuscripts of the post Tibetan period (period of Guiyi jun rule) from Dunhuang. Her publications include "The 'A zha Country under the Tibetans in the 8th and 9th Century: A Survey of Land Registration and Taxation Based on a Sequence of Three Manuscripts of the Stein Collection from Dunhuang". In ''Scribes, Texts, and Rituals in Early Tibet and Dunhuang'', edited by Brandon Dotson, Kazushi Iwao and Tsuguhito Takeuchi, 25–43. Wiesbaden: ReichertVerlag, 2013. ([https://brill.com/display/book/9789004307438/B9789004307438_001.xml Source Accessed Aug 1, 2023])7438_001.xml Source Accessed Aug 1, 2023]))
Gesar + (Gesar of Ling, the legendary Tibetan ruler … Gesar of Ling, the legendary Tibetan ruler, warrior, and spiritual leader, is the central hero of a vast collection of stories that has been described as the world’s largest epic tradition. In European terms, we could say that Gesar is both King Arthur and Merlin. Like Arthur, he is the exemplary king and warrior who unites and defends his people in times of trouble and great danger. Like Merlin, he is a spiritual leader, but also a magician and trickster. In later centuries, he is also seen as a full-fledged tantric deity and important figure of the Dzogchen tradition.Versions of Gesar’s story have been told for many hundreds of years by Tibetans and neighboring peoples, such as the Baltis and people of Hunza to the west and the various Mongol peoples to the east and north. As epics do, the stories of Gesar deal with central issues of human existence. They also provide insights into many aspects of Tibetan religion and culture. That is why the appearance of this new translation of Gesar stories is so important and welcome. (Source: [https://www.lionsroar.com/from-folk-hero-to-deity/ Shambhala Publications])lk-hero-to-deity/ Shambhala Publications]))
Lodrö, Gedün + (Geshe Gedün Lodrö (1924–1979) entered Dreb … Geshe Gedün Lodrö (1924–1979) entered Drebung Monastic University near Lhasa at the age of nine as a novice monk. He gained the degree of geshe in 1961 in exile in India as the first among three scholars who were awarded the number one ranking in the highest class. A scholar of prodigious intellect, he was famed for his wide learning and ability in debate. In 1967, the Dalai Lama sent him to teach at the University of Hamburg, where he learned to speak German fluently and became a tenured member of the faculty. He served as Visiting Professor at the University of Virginia in 1979. ([https://www.shambhala.com/catalog/category/view/s/geshe-gedun-lodro/id/726/ Source Accessed July 24, 2023])ro/id/726/ Source Accessed July 24, 2023]))
Rabten, Geshe + (Geshe Rabten (1921–1986) was a Tibetan Ges … Geshe Rabten (1921–1986) was a Tibetan Geshe born in Tibet in 1921.He was a student at Sera Monastery in Lhasa, and achieved Geshe status before leaving Tibet in 1959. He became known as a debater, scholar, and meditation master.Lama Yeshe and Lama Zopa Rinpoche were guided by him in their early days outside of Tibet.In the mid 1960s Geshe Rabten was a religious assistant to the Dalai Lama.The Dalai Lama asked him to teach Dharma to Westerners in Dharamshala in 1969.He went to teach in Switzerland in 1974.He was the founder of the Rabten Choeling Centre (which was originally named Tharpa Choeling) in Switzerland in 1979. He remained there till his death in 1986.Other centres that he founded in Europe included the Tibetan centre in Hamburg, Tashi Rabten at the Letzehof, Puntsog Rabten in Munich and Gephel Ling in Milan. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geshe_Rabten Source Accessed Feb 23, 2023])eshe_Rabten Source Accessed Feb 23, 2023]))
Gnoli, G. + (Gherardo Gnoli (6 December 1937 in Rome – … Gherardo Gnoli (6 December 1937 in Rome – 7 March 2012 in Cagli) was a historian of Italian religions and Iran expert.Gherardo Gnoli has been since 1996 the president of the Italian Institute for Africa and the East (IsIAO). He was also the head of the Public Counsel Institute and later the Italian Institute for the Middle and the Far East (ISMEO), which had been founded in 1933 by Giovanni Gentile and Giuseppe Tucci. He headed the Italy-Africa Institute (IIA), which had been founded in 1906 under the name of "Italian Colonial Institute" by Italian explorers, academics and diplomats.He was a professor of Iranian philosophy at the University of Naples "L'Orientale" (from 1965 to 1993, where he became the chancellor from 1971 to 1978 and the head of religious history of Iran and Central Asia at La Sapienza University of Rome (from 1993 to 2008). In addition he was the president of the same academy from 1979 to 1995. From 1995 until his death, Gherardo Gnoli was also the president of the Italian Society for the History of Religions. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gherardo_Gnoli Source Accessed Aug 4, 2023])erardo_Gnoli Source Accessed Aug 4, 2023]))
Schokker, G. + (Godard Hendrik Schokker was born in Batavi … Godard Hendrik Schokker was born in Batavia on December 4 1929. He studied Indian languages and theology at Groningen University. From 1965-1995 he was a lecturer of New Indo-Aryan languages at the Kern Institute, Leiden University. In 1966 he earned a PhD under the supervision of F.B.J. Kuiper, Leiden University. He retired in 1995. ([https://www.dutchstudies-satsea.nl/deelnemers/schokker-godard-hendrik/ Adapted from Source July 3, 2023])endrik/ Adapted from Source July 3, 2023]))
Clarke, G. + (Graham E. Clarke (United Kingdom) (d. 1998 … Graham E. Clarke (United Kingdom) (d. 1998) was coordinator of anthropology and development at Queens House in Oxford. A social anthropologist, he specialized in developmental issues, conducting field research in Nepal and Tibet. Hew was a member of the Panam Project Identification Mission of the European Community of Tibet. (Source: ''Imagining Tibet'', List of Contributors, 453)gining Tibet'', List of Contributors, 453))
Ge bcags rtogs ldan tshangs dbyangs rgya mtsho + (Great Dzogchen yogi and practitioner of the Ratna Lingpa (Rat+na gling pa) transmissions. A disciple of Drupwang Tsoknyi and rebirth of both Lingje Repa (Gling rje ras pa) and Guru Thugse Gyalwa Chogyang (Guru thugs sras rgyal ba mchog dbyangs).)
Hillis, G. + (Greg Hillis taught Sanskrit and Tibetan languages as well as other Asian religion courses in the Religious Studies Department at UCSB from the early 2000s until his retirement in 2023. He received his PhD from the University of Virginia.)
Hazod, G. + (Guntram Hazod is an anthropologist focusin … Guntram Hazod is an anthropologist focusing on the early history of Tibet. His methodological approach combines text and historical ethnography. He has been the co-author of several major monographs on Central Tibet’s medieval political and religious history, as well as author of numerous contributions that deal with identifying historical Tibetan toponyms, especially related to the period of the Tibetan empire. Linked to this is his interest in archaeology and landscape archaeology, with particular focus on early Tibetan burial practices, including the Tibetan tumulus tradition (4th–10th cent. CE).Hazod received his PhD and habilitation at the University of Vienna. He has been working at the Austrian Academy of Sciences since 1992, from 2006 as a Senior Researcher at the Institute for Social Anthropology (ISA), and from July 2016 as a co-funded researcher at both the ISA and IKGA. Since January 2019 he has been working as a Senior Researcher exclusively at the IKGA. ([https://www.oeaw.ac.at/en/ikga/team/former-employees/hazod-guntram Source Accessed Feb 24, 2023])zod-guntram Source Accessed Feb 24, 2023]))
Toussaint, G. + (Gustave-Charles Toussaint, born in Rennes … Gustave-Charles Toussaint, born in Rennes on January 11, 1869 and died in Parame on October 12, 1938, [was] a colonial magistrate, orientalist, Tibetologist, explorer, French poet, member of the Geographical Society and the Asian Society of Paris. Passionate about the study of Asian civilizations, he notably translated from Tibetan the ''Padma Thang Yig'' which he brought from the Litang monastery in Tibet. ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustave-Charles_Toussaint Source Accessed Jan 24, 2024])s_Toussaint Source Accessed Jan 24, 2024]))
Rgya dmar ba byang chub grags + (Gyamarwa Changchub Drak (Wyl. rgya dmar ba … Gyamarwa Changchub Drak (Wyl. rgya dmar ba byang chub grags) was an important scholar born in the late eleventh or early twelfth century. He studied Madhyamika, Pramana and other philosophical topics with Khyung Rinchen Drak and Kangpa She'u Lodrö, and soon became an expert. From Lhajé Dawé Özer, he received many pith instructions related to the secret mantra from the lineage of Ancient Translations, and from Lhopa Könchok Pal he received instructions on mind training. As a result of his studies, he gained a reputation for excellent scholarship; and, in addition, he was also a holder of the lineage of pith instructions. In places such as Nyangro and Tölung, Sethang and elsewhere, he taught Madhyamika, Pramana, the treatises of Maitreya and other topics. His students included Chapa Chökyi Senge, Karmapa Düsum Khyenpa, Phagmodrupa Dorje Gyalpo, Chokro Chökyi Gyaltsen, Shyang Bal Tsepa, Kyilkhar Lhakhangwa and many other learned scholars. Chapa Chökyi Sengé, in particular, said that it was from Gyamarwa that he learned all the various tenets of Madhyamika and Pramana.Writings: Gyamarwa’s writings included commentaries on the Pramanasamuccaya and Madhyamaka Two Truths, and many original treatises, including summaries of Pramana and Middle Way philosophy. Recently discovered works include ''Ascertaining the Nature Itself in the Middle Way'' (''dbu ma’i de kho na nyid gtan la dbab pa''), which was found in a volume in the Nechu temple at Drepung Monastery, ''Summary of the Bodhicharyavatara'' (''spyod 'jug bsdus don''), and his clear explanation of the meaning of the text of the ''Bodhisattvacharyavatara''. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Gyamarwa_Changchub_Drak Source Accessed Feb 8, 2023])rwa_Changchub_Drak Source Accessed Feb 8, 2023]))
Avertin, G. + (Gyurme Avertin began his study of the Tibe … Gyurme Avertin began his study of the Tibetan language in 1997. He spent two years following the Tibetan program at Langues’O University in Paris. He then went to Nepal in 1999 to study at the [[Rangjung Yeshe Institute]], before making his way to Bir in northern India, where he studied at Dzongsar Shedra. He regularly interprets for teachers visiting Rigpa centres and at the Rigpa Shedra East. (2014 Translation & Transmission Conference Program)slation & Transmission Conference Program))
Busquet, G. + (Gérard Busquet, 82 ans, a été réalisateur … Gérard Busquet, 82 ans, a été réalisateur de documentaires et courts-métrages au Bangladesh (1965-1971), correspondant de l’Agence France Presse à Dhaka (1971-1975), correspondant du Figaro pour l’Asie du Sud à Delhi (1975-1977). Il est l’auteur de nombreux livres sur l’Asie du Sud : À l’écoute de l’Inde (Transboréal, 2013) ; Tableaux du Rajasthan, avec Carisse Beaune-Busquet (Arthaud/Flammarion, 2003) ; Le tombeau de l’éléphant d’Asie, avec M. Cohen (éditions Chandeigne, 2002), prix du Petit Gaillon 2002… et traducteur de divers ouvrages en anglais. ([https://revue-ultreia.com/contributeurs/gerard-busquet/ Source Accessed April 6, 2023])d-busquet/ Source Accessed April 6, 2023]))
Bakker, H. + (Hans T. Bakker (born 1948) is a cultural h … Hans T. Bakker (born 1948) is a cultural historian and Indologist, who has served as the Professor of the History of Hinduism and Jan Gonda Chair at the University of Groningen. He currently works in the British Museum as a researcher in project "Beyond Boundaries: Religion, Region, Language and the State".CareerBefore joining the British Museum in 2014, Bakker was at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands where he was director of the Institute of Indian Studies at Groningen and, from 1996, Professor of the History of Hinduism in the Sanskrit Tradition and Indian Philosophy and holder of the Jan Gonda Chair at the University of Groningen. He has been a visiting fellow of All Souls College at the University of Oxford and a visiting professor at the University of Vienna and the University of Kyoto.Bakker's main research interest has been the political and religious culture of India in the fourth, fifth and sixth centuries. As part of this work he led the study of the earliest known version of the ''Skanda Purāṇa'' preserved in Kathmandu, Nepal. This version of the Skanda Purāṇa is substantially different from the ''Skanda Purāṇa'' known from manuscripts and the printed edition in India.Bakker has continued and expanded the best traditions of Dutch Indology and has trained a number of able scholars, among them Peter Bisschop (Leiden University), Harunaga Isaacson (University of Hamburg) and Yuko Yokochi (University of Kyoto).Bakker has been working as researcher in "Beyond Boundaries: Religion, Region, Language and the State", a project based in the British Museum that is funded by the European Research Council (2013–2019) ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_T._Bakker Source Accessed Feb 16, 2023])s_T._Bakker Source Accessed Feb 16, 2023]))
Grissom, H. + (Harriette Grissom lives in the Atlanta Met … Harriette Grissom lives in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area and has extensive experience as a writer, editor and production manager for business, non-profit, academic, scholarly and technical publications. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/harriette-grissom-29879723 Source Accessed May 29, 2023])om-29879723 Source Accessed May 29, 2023]))
Tenpa Tshering, Ngagyur Nyingma Khenpo + (He was born in Adrong in the Gojo region o … He was born in Adrong in the Gojo region of Kham and became a monk at young age at Goego Monastery, where he studied prayers and rituals. In 2004, he arrived in South India via Nepal and joined Namdrolling Monastery, where he began his study in grammar and language. In 2005, he joined Ngagyur Nyingma Institute and finished the nine-year program of study in general sciences and sūtra and tantric forms of Buddhism. Since the eighth grade, he served as assistant lecturer and manager of the summer retreat. He finished his education in 2015 and served as lecturer for eight years until 2022 and also as the treasurer for the Institute. He was conferred the title of Khenpo in 2023 by Karma Kuchen Rinpoche during the enthronement of the 8th cohort of Khenpos in Ngagyur Nyingma Institute. Currently, he is teaching at Tshogyal Shedrupling Nunnery. teaching at Tshogyal Shedrupling Nunnery.)
Ngawang Thokmey, CIHTS Khenpo + (He was born in Drukrephud village in Latol … He was born in Drukrephud village in Latolho in the Tsang region. From seven to eight, he went to local school, and in 2005 he joined Dongachodzong Monastery in Shar Khambu. In 2007, he joined Sakya College and studied the eighteen great treatises and other sciences for 10 years. In 2015, he obtained the Kachupa degree, in 2017 the Lopen title, and he was conferred the Khenpo title in 2022. After serving as assistant lecturer at Sakya College for two years, he was appointed in 2017 as lecturer for the Sakya tradition at the Central Institute for Higher Tibetan Studies, where he currently works.Tibetan Studies, where he currently works.)
Blo gsal bstan skyong + (He was born in the upper Nyang region of T … He was born in the upper Nyang region of Tsang. His mother died early and he was brought up by a nun who was a student of one of the great masters of this time, Tshechogling Yeshe Gyaltsen. Losal Tenkyong was then eventually recognized as the incarnation of Drubwang Losal Tsengyen (1727-1802). His education was rather eclectic and he studied with the great Gelugpa masters of his day, such as Ngulchu Dharmabhadra (1772-1851) and the masters of his own Zhalu monastery (zhwa lu) as well masters of Ngor and Sakya. He became a noted ritual expert and especially excelled in his practice of the Kalacakra. Several of his works are included in such collections as the "rgyud sde kun btus" and "sgrub thabs kun btus". In his personal practice he also emphasized the Shangpa Kagyu teachings very much. Even though he is not mentioned in any Shangpa lineage supplication, he was of instrumental importance for the survival of the Shangpa Kagyu tradition and even authored some important empowerment and instruction manuals which are still in use today. As the abbot of the famous Kadampa monastery of Zhalu in western Tibet, originally founded by the fourteenth century scholar and historian Buton Rinchen Drub (1290-1364), he eventually managed to achieve the unsealing of the printing blocks of Taranatha's works at Jonang monastery, which contain so many Shangpa materials of crucial importance. He was a close friend and associate of both Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye, and passed on a large number of transmissions to them, especially to Jamyang Khyentse, who received the full Shangpa Kagyu transmissions from him. (Source: [http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Shalu_Ribug_Tulku_Losal_Tenkyong RYwiki])/Shalu_Ribug_Tulku_Losal_Tenkyong RYwiki]))
Nevin, H. + (Heidi Nevin studied Tibetan language at Ma … Heidi Nevin studied Tibetan language at Manjushri Center for Tibetan Culture (1996-8); apprenticed to Kyabje Chatral Rinpoche (1996-2003); served Lama Tharchin by helping to translate the mkha’ ‘gro thugs thig (Vol. Ma of Dudjom Rinpoche’s Collected Works) and other texts (2006-present). She translated the autobiography of Khenpo Ngakchung (Wondrous Dance of Illusion, Shambhala, 2013, restricted text) and volume one of Dungse Trinley Norbu Rinpoche’s three-volume Collected Works (Shambhala 2022, as Ruby Rosary). She is currently translating volume 20 of the Complete Nyingma Tradition (mdo rgyud mdzod), among other things. Heidi lives in Corvallis, Oregon, USA.gs. Heidi lives in Corvallis, Oregon, USA.)
Eggeling, J. + (Heinrich Julius Eggeling (1842–1918) was P … Heinrich Julius Eggeling (1842–1918) was Professor of Sanskrit at the University of Edinburgh from 1875 to 1914, second holder of its Regius Chair of Sanskrit, and Secretary of the Royal Asiatic Society, London.Eggeling was translator and editor of the Satapatha Brahmana in 5 volumes of the monumental Sacred Books of the East series edited by Max Müller, author of the main article on Sanskrit in the Encyclopædia Britannica, and curator of the University Library from 1900 to 1913. In August 1914 he left for a vacation in his native Germany, but because of World War I, he was unable to return before his death in 1918. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Eggeling Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021])us_Eggeling Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021]))
Feer, L. + (Henri-Léon Feer, born in Rouen on November … Henri-Léon Feer, born in Rouen on November 22, 1830 and died in Paris on March 10, 1902, was a French linguist and orientalist . Léon Feer studied at the Royal College (then high school) in Rouen (1842-49). He learned Persian at the School of Oriental Languages with E. Quatremère as a teacher, then Sanskrit at the College de France with Philippe-Édouard Foucaux.He became a professor at the School of Oriental Languages in 1864, succeeding Philippe-Édouard Foucaux in the Chair of Tibetan and in 1872 librarian in the manuscripts department of the National Library.He participated in the Congresses of Orientalists in Paris (1873), London (1874), Leiden (1883), Vienna (1886), Stockholm (1889) and Geneva (1894). He also became a member of the council of the Indo-Chinese Academic Society , and published, in addition to books, articles in numerous journals. A specialist in Sanskrit , also knowing Tibetan , Mongolian and Pali , he translated many ancient texts (notably the Tibetan Kanjur ). ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Feer Source Accessed Aug 29, 2023])3%A9on_Feer Source Accessed Aug 29, 2023]))
Jacobi, H. + (Hermann Georg Jacobi (11 February 1850 – 1 … Hermann Georg Jacobi (11 February 1850 – 19 October 1937) was an eminent German Indologist.Jacobi was born in Köln (Cologne) on 11 February 1850. He was educated in the gymnasium of Cologne and then went to the University of Berlin, where initially he studied mathematics, but later, probably under the influence of Albrecht Weber, switched to Sanskrit and comparative linguistics, which he studied under Weber and Johann Gildemeister. He obtained his doctorate from the University of Bonn. The subject of his thesis, written in 1872, was the origin of the term "hora" in Indian astrology.Jacobi was able to visit London for a year, 1872–1873, where he examined the Indian manuscripts available there. The next year, with Georg Buehler, he visited Rajasthan, India, where manuscripts were being collected. At Jaisalmer Library, he came across Jain Manuscripts, which were of abiding interest to him for the rest of his life. He later edited and translated many of them, both into German and English, including those for Max Mueller's Sacred Books of the East.In 1875, he became a docent in Sanskrit at Bonn; from 1876-85 was professor extraordinarius of Sanskrit and Comparative Philology at Münster, Westphalia; in 1885 was made professor ordinarius of Sanskrit at Kiel; and in 1889 was appointed professor of Sanskrit at Bonn. He served as professor in Bonn until his retirement in 1922. After his retirement, Jacobi remained active, lecturing and writing till his death in 1937. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Jacobi Source Accessed Aug 21, 2023])mann_Jacobi Source Accessed Aug 21, 2023]))
Oldenberg, H. + (Hermann Oldenberg (31 October 1854 – 18 Ma … Hermann Oldenberg (31 October 1854 – 18 March 1920) was a German scholar of Indology, and Professor at Kiel (1898) and Göttingen (1908).Oldenberg was born in Hamburg. His 1881 study on Buddhism, entitled Buddha: Sein Leben, seine Lehre, seine Gemeinde, based on Pāli texts, popularized Buddhism and has remained continuously in print since its first publication. With T. W. Rhys Davids, he edited and translated into English three volumes of Theravada Vinaya texts, two volumes of the (Vedic) Grhyasutras and two volumes of Vedic hymns on his own account, in the monumental Sacred Books of the East series edited by Max Müller. With his Prolegomena (1888), Oldenberg laid the groundwork to the philological study of the Rigveda.In 1919 he became a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. He died in Göttingen. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Oldenberg Source Accessed Aug 24, 2023])n_Oldenberg Source Accessed Aug 24, 2023]))
Karmapa, 17th + (His Holiness the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa Org … His Holiness the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa Orgyen Trinley Dorje is the head of the 900-year-old Karma Kagyu Lineage and guide to millions of Buddhists around the world. Orgyen Trinley Dorje is a Tibetan practitioner and scholar, a painter, poet, songwriter and playwright, an environmental and social justice activist, and world spiritual leader who uses modern technology, such as Facebook and other digital platforms, to teach Buddhism and bring the Karma Kagyu lineage’s activities fully into the 21st century. You can see some of the projects he has initiated on Adarsha or Dharma Treasures: [https://digital-toolbox.dharma-treasure.org/ Digital Toolbox] & [https://dharmaebooks.org/ Dharma Books] [https://kagyuoffice.org/news/ News and links to teachings from His Holiness]*[https://kagyuoffice.org/joint-long-life-prayer-for-kunzig-shamar-rinpoches-reincarnation/ Long Life Prayer for Shamar Rinpoche with HH Karmapa Trinley Thaye Dorje]*[https://www.facebook.com/karmapa/ Facebook - Live Teachings and News]*[http://www.kagyuoffice.org/karmapa.html Karmapa Biography from kagyuoffice.org]*[https://kagyu.org/gyalwang-karmapa-ogyen-trinley-dorje/ Karmapa Biography from kagyu.org][[Category:Karmapas]]Category:Karmapas]])
Chan, W. + (Honorary Professor, Department of Philosophy, Brock University, Canada)
Richardson, H. + (Hugh Edward Richardson CIE OBE FBA (22 Dec … Hugh Edward Richardson CIE OBE FBA (22 December 1905 – 3 December 2000) was an Indian Civil Service officer, British diplomat and Tibetologist. His academic work focused on the history of the Tibetan empire, and in particular on epigraphy. He was among the last Europeans to have known Tibet and its society before the Chinese invasions which began in 1950. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Edward_Richardson Source Accessed Feb, 2024])ard_Richardson Source Accessed Feb, 2024]))
Ives, I. + (Ian Ives grew up in the US and has been a … Ian Ives grew up in the US and has been a student of Sogyal Rinpoche since he was a teenager. He studied at the Rigpa Shedra East in Pharping, Nepal under the guidance of Khenchen Namdrol from 2007 to 2012, and before that at Rigpa Shedra West, from 2003 to 2006. He attended the seven-month teaching periods of Rigpa’s 2006–2009 Three Year Retreat, and served as a teaching assistant to Rinpoche from 2007 to 2017; travelling with him extensively from 2012 onward. Since this time, and with the encouragement of Rinpoche, he has been guiding study sessions and teaching on topics connected to the foundational and Mahayana levels.Ian helps design and guide Rigpa’s international study programme and the programme for Lerab Ling, Rigpa’s retreat centre in southern France. He has a family with two young children and lives near Lerab Ling. ([https://www.rigpa.org/rigpa-teachers Source Accessed June 28, 2023])a-teachers Source Accessed June 28, 2023]))
Villarreal, I. + (Ian Villarreal is a mystic, altruist, poet … Ian Villarreal is a mystic, altruist, poet, artist, videographer, historical video archivist, tax accountant and licensed tax preparer. In 1994 he became part of Vimala Video, a small non-profit historical video archive established in 1980 dedicated to documenting the historical transmission of Varjayana Buddhism to the West. As one of a team of two primary videographers, he has captured hundreds of hours of footage of largely Tibetan teachers teaching in various venues in California, Oregon, Montana, and Maryland. In addition to editing and producing for dissemination a number of documentary videos, he is engaged in the task of archiving, cataloging, and preserving the body of rare footage accumulated over the last forty years. He serves on the board of Vimala Video, and works in a volunteer capacity contributing to the support and maintenance of the video archive. He is also a board member of Heartisan Foundation and serves as Secretary/Treasurer.ndation and serves as Secretary/Treasurer.)
Mengele, I. + (Irmgard Mengele received her PhD from the … Irmgard Mengele received her PhD from the University of Hamburg. Her translation of Sherab Gyatso’s biography of Gendun Chopel entitled ''dGe’-‘dun-chos-‘phel: A Biography of the 20th-Century Tibetan Scholar'' was published by Library of Tibetan Works and Archives in 1999. She is also the author of ''Riding a Huge Wave of Karma: The Turbulent Life of the Tenth KarmaPa'' (Vajra Publications 2012). She currently teaches at the University of California, Santa Barbara.e University of California, Santa Barbara.)
Campbell, John + (Is an Assistant Professor in the Departmen … Is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia and the Founder of the Contemplative Sciences Center (uvacontemplation.org), of which he is currently the Coordinating Director of Yoga Programs. He is a longtime practitioner of Tibetan Buddhism and has been practicing Ashtanga Yoga for over twenty years, seventeen of which were under the direct guidance of Shri K. Pattabhi Jois. In 2003 he was honored to become one the few Certified teachers of Ashtanga Yoga worldwide. He lives with his wife and three children in Charlottesville, VA. ([https://menla.org/teachers/john-campbell/ Source Accessed July 6, 2023])n-campbell/ Source Accessed July 6, 2023]))
Schmidt, I. + (Isaac Jacob Schmidt (October 4, 1779 – Aug … Isaac Jacob Schmidt (October 4, 1779 – August 27, 1847) was an Orientalist specializing in Mongolian and Tibetan. Schmidt was a Moravian missionary to the Kalmyks and devoted much of his labours to Bible translation.Born in Amsterdam, he spent much of his career in St. Petersburg as a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He published the first grammar and dictionary of Mongolian, as well as a grammar and dictionary of Tibetan. He also translated Sanang Sechen's Erdeni-yin tobči into German, and several Geser Khan epics into Russian and German. His works are regarded as ground-breaking for the establishment of Mongolian and Tibetan studies. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Jacob_Schmidt Source Accessed Aug 24, 2023])cob_Schmidt Source Accessed Aug 24, 2023]))
Minaev, I. + (Ivan Pavlovich Minayev, or Minayeff, was t … Ivan Pavlovich Minayev, or Minayeff, was the first Russian Indologist whose disciples included Serge Oldenburg, F. Th. Stcherbatsky, and Dmitry Kudryavsky. As a student of Vasily Vasiliev at the University of Saint Petersburg, he developed an interest in Pali literature and went abroad to prepare a catalogue of Pali manuscripts at the British Museum and the Bibliothèque Nationale (still unpublished). His Russian-language Pali grammar (1872) was soon translated into French (1874) and English (1882). Minayev's magnum opus, ''Buddhism: Untersuchungen und Materialien'', was printed in 1887. . . . As a member of the Russian Geographical Society he travelled in India and Burma and Nepal in 1874–75, 1880, and 1885–86. His travel journals were published in English in 1958 and 1970. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Minayev Source Accessed Mar 1, 2021])Ivan_Minayev Source Accessed Mar 1, 2021]))
Vargas, I. + (Ivette Vargas is Assistant Professor of Re … Ivette Vargas is Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at Austin College. Vargas earned her doctorate from Harvard University in 2003 with the dissertation "Falling to Pieces, Emerging Whole: Suffering Illness and Healing Renunciation in the Dge slong rna Dpal mo Tradition." She has done extensive fieldwork in Tibet with a focus on the intersection of medicine, healing, and religion and published chapters in ''A Communion of Subjects: Animals in Religion, Science, and Ethics'' (Columbia University Press 2006) and ''Teaching Religion and Healing'' (Oxford University Press 2006). (Source: ''As Long as Space Endures'', 478)Source: ''As Long as Space Endures'', 478))
Bacot, J. + (Jacques Bacot (4 July 1877 – 18 June 1965) … Jacques Bacot (4 July 1877 – 18 June 1965) was an explorer and pioneering French Tibetologist. He travelled extensively in India, western China, and the Tibetan border regions. He worked at the École pratique des hautes études. Bacot was the first western scholar to study the Tibetan grammatical tradition, and along with F. W. Thomas (1867–1956) belonged to the first generation of scholars to study the Old Tibetan Dunhuang manuscripts. Bacot made frequent use of Tibetan informants. He acquired aid from Gendün Chöphel in studying Dunhuang manuscripts. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Bacot Source Accessed Dec 7, 2023])acques_Bacot Source Accessed Dec 7, 2023]))
Sylvan, J. + (Jade Sylvan (born September 9, 1982, Chica … Jade Sylvan (born September 9, 1982, Chicago, Illinois) is an American poet, author, performer, producer, performing artist and Unitarian Universalist minister. They are heavily rooted in the literary and performance community of Cambridge and Somerville, Massachusetts. They were called a "risque queer icon" by the Boston Globe. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jade_Sylvan Source Accessed May 24, 2023])Jade_Sylvan Source Accessed May 24, 2023]))
Cahill, J. + (James Cahill [was] an art historian and cu … James Cahill [was] an art historian and curator who played an influential role in expanding the study and teaching of Chinese painting in the West before and after the opening up of U.S.-China relations in the early 1970s . . .A longtime professor at UC Berkeley, Cahill was a dominant scholar in his field for 50 years. In the late 1950s, he was one of a small number of Western scholars permitted access to the imperial paintings that had been evacuated to Taiwan before the Chinese mainland fell under Communist rule. He was allowed to photograph many of the works for ''Chinese Painting'', his classic 1960 text that for decades was required reading in Chinese art history classes. ([https://www.latimes.com/local/obituaries/la-me-james-cahill-20140222-story.html#axzz2uLyt7i66 Adapted from Source July 14, 2023])yt7i66 Adapted from Source July 14, 2023]))
Bosson, J. + (James Evert Bosson, an Associate Professor … James Evert Bosson, an Associate Professor at Univerity of California, Berkeley's Department of Oriental Languages in 1963-1996, was known to his Mongo1ian colleagues and friends as Mergenbatu. A graduate from University of Washington and a student of Nicho1as Poppe, Bosson's Ph.D. Dissertation was an annotated translation of Sakya Paṇḍta's ''A Treasury of Aphoristic Jewels: The Subhāṣitaranadhi of Sa Skya Paṇḍita in Tibetan and Mongolian'', the most detailed translation from two languages to this day. ([https://www.jstor.org/stable/26865352?read-now=1&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Source Accessed Mar 22, 2023])an_tab_contents Source Accessed Mar 22, 2023]))
Grayson, J. + (James Huntley Grayson (born 1944) is a sch … James Huntley Grayson (born 1944) is a scholar of the religions and folklore of Korea. He is Emeritus Professor of Modern Korean Studies in the School of East Asian Studies at The University of Sheffield.Grayson earned a BA in Anthropology from Rutgers University (1962–66), an MA in Anthropology from Columbia University (1966–68), an MDiv in Systematic Theology from Duke University (1968–71), and a PhD in the History of Religion from University of Edinburgh (1976–79).Grayson served as a missionary of the United Methodist Church (USA) to South Korea between 1971 and 1987. During this time he taught religion at Kyungpook National University and Keimyung University.In 1987 he moved to the University of Sheffield, where at the School of East Asian Studies, he taught Korean history and culture, and East Asian philosophy and religion. as first Lecturer, then Senior Lecturer, Reader and finally Professor. He retired in 2009.Grayson's research has focused on topics such as traditional Korean religion, Korean Christianity and Korean oral folklore and has been summarised as being focused on both "the diffusion of religion across cultural boundaries, and an analysis of the religious and intellectual conceptual framework of the Korean and East Asian peoples". His research is informed by his anthropological training and has been aided by fieldwork in Korea, Japan, and Okinawa.A collection of Grayson's research notes and correspondence, from the time he spent in East Asia, is kept in the Special Collections of the University Library, University of Sheffield.Grayson has served as President of the British Association for Korean Studies (BAKS), and Vice-President of the Association for Korean Studies in Europe (AKSE).Grayson was also President of the Folklore Society from to 2014 to 2017. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_H._Grayson Source Accessed Aug 11, 2023])_H._Grayson Source Accessed Aug 11, 2023]))
Low, J. + (James Low is a disciple and teacher in the … James Low is a disciple and teacher in the Byangter and Khordong lineages of the late Chhimed Rigdzin Lama.He began studying and practising Tibetan Buddhism in India in the 1960’s and received teachings from Kalu Rinpoche, Chatral Rinpoche, Kanjur Rinpoche and Dudjom Rinpoche. Having met his root teacher, Chhimed Rigdzin Lama (also known as C R Lama), he lived in his home in West Bengal, India for many years, serving him as required and being taught many aspects of the tradition. During this period in India James did several retreats and pilgrimages in the Himalayas. In the 1970’s and 1980’s, on his return to Europe, he also had teachings and guidance from Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche.James translated many tantric texts and sadhanas with CR Lama who wanted texts from his lineages, Byangter and Khordong, to be available in English. These are used as practice texts by CR Lama’s disciples and have been translated into various European languages.C R Lama asked James to teach in 1976 and later gave him the transmissions necessary to do this, together with full lineage authority. In particular, James was encouraged to give the traditional instructions using methods that enable people in the west to get the point. James has been teaching in this way for over twenty years.James regularly teaches the principles of dzogchen in Europe and he publishes translations and commentaries from time to time. . . .James studied at Edinburgh and other universities and has retired from his work in London as a Consultant Psychotherapist in the National Health Service. He is slowly winding down his private psychotherapy practice. He has taught on many psychotherapy trainings in Britain. ([https://simplybeing.co.uk/about-james-low-2/ Source Accessed Nov 29, 2023])ames-low-2/ Source Accessed Nov 29, 2023]))
'jam dbyangs blo gter dbang po + (Jamyang Loter Wangpo was an important Rime … Jamyang Loter Wangpo was an important Rime Sakya master of Ngor Thartse Monastery who played a key role in the Rimé movement. He was a disciple of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and a teacher of Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö. He is well known for compiling the Compendium of Tantras under the inspiration of his guru, Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo as well as publishing the very first printed edition of the Explanation for Private Disciples of the Lamdre system of the Sakya School, which before that had been transmitted only orally and was tenuously preserved in manuscript form. Jamyang Loter Wangpo also received Dzogchen instructions from Nyoshul Lungtok. The collection of 139 painted mandala thangkas for the Compendium of Tantras was saved in 1958 by Sonam Gyatso Thartse Khen Rinpoche, and later published in more than one edition. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Jamyang_Loter_Wangpo Rigpa Wiki])hp?title=Jamyang_Loter_Wangpo Rigpa Wiki]))
Rhoton, J. + (Jared Rhoton (Sonam Tenzin) devoted his ad … Jared Rhoton (Sonam Tenzin) devoted his adult life to the welfare of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism and its teachers, texts, and students. He was noted for his humility and his great ability as an interpreter and translator. Jared passed away in 1993 at the age of fifty-two. ([https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/jared-rhoton/ Source Accessed Aug 8, 2023])ared-rhoton/ Source Accessed Aug 8, 2023]))
Carbine, J. + (Jason A. Carbine's primary area of scholar … Jason A. Carbine's primary area of scholarly expertise is Buddhism in South and Southeast Asia, with a research specialization in Sri Lanka and Myanmar, and also with an emerging comparative focus on Southwest China. He has conducted field research in Myanmar and Sri Lanka, with an emphasis on ritual and practice, and has also traveled (sometimes leading study abroad programs and trips) in various parts of Asia, including Sri Lanka, Myanmar and China. Overall, his teaching and research in the study of Theravāda Buddhism, other forms of Buddhism, and other Asian religions combines historical and ethnographic methodologies, and draws from an interdisciplinary body of research pertaining to the history of religions, textual studies, anthropology, comparative religious ethics, and most recently, environmental studies and ethics. He teaches a range of courses dealing with Asian religions from India to Japan, method and theory in the study of religion, South and Southeast Asian religion and society, globalization, and the environment. ([https://www.whittier.edu/academics/religious/Carbine#:~:text=Jason%20A.,comparative%20focus%20on%20Southwest%20China. Source Accessed Nov 20 2023])est%20China. Source Accessed Nov 20 2023]))
Sharma, Jayeeta + (Jayeeta Sharma is an associate professor o … Jayeeta Sharma is an associate professor of history at the University of Toronto. She is the author of ''Empire’s Garden: Assam and the Making of India'' (Durham: Duke University Press, 2011). She is on the editorial board of ''Global Food History'' and the editorial collective of Radical History Review, and is editor of the ''Empires in Perspective'' book series at Routledge. She is the founder of the collaborative Eastern Himalayan Research Network, whose activities include the Project Sherpa digital archive and a Digital Darjeeling portal. ([https://heiup.uni-heidelberg.de/journals/index.php/transcultural/article/view/23539 Source Accessed Mar 8, 2023])e/view/23539 Source Accessed Mar 8, 2023]))
Jhado Rinpoche + (Jhado Rinpoche is one of the most highly e … Jhado Rinpoche is one of the most highly esteemed lamas in the Geluk lineage today. In addition to his excellent education in the Geluk monastic college system, over the years Rinpoche has also received many oral transmissions and empowerments from His Holiness the Dalai Lama and his two main tutors, as well as from many great teachers from other traditions. Renowned for his keen intelligence and dynamic teaching style, Jhado Rinpoche is also highly acclaimed for his ability to engage Western students in ways that are interesting and personally relevant. In addition to these qualities, Rinpoche is also well known and loved for his gentle demeanor and his kindness. ([https://maitripa.org/jhado-rinpoche/ Source Accessed Dec 2, 2023])do-rinpoche/ Source Accessed Dec 2, 2023]))
Jingjue + (Jingjue. (J. Jōkaku; K. Chǒnggak 淨覺) (683- … Jingjue. (J. Jōkaku; K. Chǒnggak 淨覺) (683-c. 760). Chinese author of the ''Lengqie shizi ji'' ("Records of the Masters and Disciples of the Laṅkāvatārasūtra" ); an early lineage record of the Chan zong, presented from the standpoint of the so-called Northern school (Bei zong). (Source: "Jingjue." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 389. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Jingxi Zhanran + (Jingxi Zhanran. (J. Keikei Tannen; K. Hyŏn … Jingxi Zhanran. (J. Keikei Tannen; K. Hyŏnggye Tamyŏn 荊溪湛然 (711–782). Chinese monk who is the putative ninth patriarch of the Tiantai zong; also known as Great Master Miaole (Sublime Bliss) and Dharma Master Jizhu (Lord of Exegesis). Zhanran was a native of Jingqi in present-day Jiangsu province. At age nineteen, Zhanran became a student of the monk Xuanlang (673–754), who had revitalized the community on Mt. Tiantai. After Xuanlang's death, Zhanran continued his efforts to unify the disparate regional centers of Tiantai learning under the school's banner; for his efforts, Zhanran is remembered as one of the great revitalizers of the Tiantai tradition. A gifted exegete who composed numerous commentaries on the treatises of Tiantai Zhiyi, Zhanran established Zhiyi's ''Mohe zhiguan'', ''Fahua xuanyi'', and ''Fahua wenju'' as the three central texts of the Tiantai exegetical tradition. His commentary on the ''Mohe zhiguan'', the ''Mohe zhiguan fuxing zhuanhong jue'', is the first work to correlate ''zhiguan'' (calmness and insight) practice as outlined by Zhiyi with the teachings of the ''Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra'' ("Lotus Sūtra"), the central scripture of the Tiantai tradition. In his ''Jingang Pi'' ("Adamantine Scalpel"), Zhanran argued in favor of the controversial proposition that insentient beings also possess the buddha-nature (''foxing''). Zhanran's interpretation of Tiantai doctrine and the distinction he drew between his own tradition and the rival schools of the Huayan zong and Chan zong set the stage for the internal Tiantai debates during the Song dynasty between its on-mountain (shanjia) and off-mountain (shanwai) branches. Zhanran lectured at various monasteries throughout the country and was later invited by emperors Xuanzong (r. 712–756), Suzong (r. 756–762), and Daizong (r. 762–779) to lecture at court, before retiring to the monastery Guoqingsi on Mt. Tiantai. (Source: "Jingxi Zhanran." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 391–92. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Jingying Huiyuan + (Jingying Huiyuan. (J. Jōyō Eon; K. Chǒngyǒ … Jingying Huiyuan. (J. Jōyō Eon; K. Chǒngyǒng Hyewǒn 淨影慧遠) (523-592). Chinese monk and putative Di lun exegete during the Sui dynasty. Huiyuan was a native of Dunhuang. At an early age, he entered the monastery of Guxiangusi in Zezhou (present-day Shanxi province) where he was ordained by the monk Sengsi (d.u.). Huiyuan later studied various scriptures under the vinaya master Lizhan (d.u.) in Ye, the capital of the Eastern Wei dynasty. In his nineteenth year, Huiyuan received the full monastic precepts from Fashang (495-580), ecclesiastical head of the saṃgha at the time, and became his disciple. Huiyuan also began his training in the Dharmaguptaka "Four-Part Vinaya" (Sifen lü) under the vinaya master Dayin (d.u.). After he completed his studies, Huiyuan moved back to Zezhou and began his residence at the monastery Qinghuasi. In 577, Emperor Wu (r. 560-578) of Northern Zhou began a systematic persecution of Buddhism, and in response, Huiyuan is said to have engaged the emperor in debate; a transcript of the debate, in which Huiyuan defends Buddhism against criticisms of its foreign origins and its neglect of filial piety, is still extant. As the persecution continued, Huiyuan retreated to Mt. Xi in Jijun (present-day Henan province). Shortly after the rise of the Sui dynasty, Huiyuan was summoned by Emperor Wen (r. 581-604) to serve as overseer of the saṃgha (shamendu) in Luozhou (present-day Henan). He subsequently spent his time undoing the damage of the earlier persecution. Huiyuan was later asked by Emperor Wen to reside at the monastery of Daxingshansi in the capital. The emperor also built Huiyuan a new monastery named Jingyingsi, which is often used as his toponym to distinguish him from Lushan Huiyuan. Jingying Huiyuan was a prolific writer who composed numerous commentaries on such texts as the ''Avataṃsakasūtra'', ''Mahāparinirvānasūtra'', ''Vimalakīrtinirdeśa'', ''Sukhāvatīvyūhasūtra'', ''Śrīmālādevīsiṃhanādasūtra'', ''Shidi jing lun'' (Vasubandhu's commentary on the ''Daśabhūmikasūtra''), ''Dasheng qixin lun'', and others. Among his works, the ''Dasheng yi zhang'' ("Compendium of the Purport of Mahāyāna"), a comprehensive encyclopedia of Mahāyāna doctrine, is perhaps the most influential and is extensively cited by traditional exegetes throughout East Asia. Jingying Huiyuan also plays a crucial role in the development of early Pure Land doctrine in East Asia. His commentary on the ''Guan Wuliangshou jing'', the earliest extant treatise on this major pure land scripture, is critical in raising the profile of the ''Guan jing'' in East Asian Buddhism. His commentary to this text profoundly influenced Korean commentaries on the pure land scriptures during the Silla dynasty, which in turn were crucial in the evolution of Japanese pure land thought during the Nara and Heian periods. Jingying Huiyuan's concept of the "dependent origination of the tathāgatagarbha" (rulaizang yuanqi)—in which tathāgatagarbha is viewed as the "essence" (ti) of both nirvāṇa and saṃsāra, which are its "functioning" (yong)—is later adapted and popularized by the third Huayan patriarch, Fazang, and is an important precursor of later Huayan reconceptualizations of dependent origination (''pratītyasamutpāda''; see fajie yuanqi). (Source: "Jingying Huiyuan." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 392. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Jitāri + (Jitāri. [alt. Jetāri] (T. Dgra las rnam rg … Jitāri. [alt. Jetāri] (T. Dgra las rnam rgyal) (fl. c. 940-980). Sanskrit proper name of the author of the ''Hetutattopadeśa'' and a number of short works on pramāṇa in the tradition that follows Dharmakīrti; later Tibetan doxographers (see siddhānta) characterize him as interpreting Dharmakīrti's works from aMadhyamaka perspective, leading them to include him in a Yogācāra - Svātantrika - Madhyamaka school following the false aspect (alīkākara) position. A Jitāri also appears in the list of the eighty-four mahāsiddhas as a tantric adept; he is also listed as a teacher of Atiśa Dīpamkaraśrījñāna. (Source: "Jitāri." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 393. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Heesterman, J. + (Johannes Cornelis Heesterman (10 November … Johannes Cornelis Heesterman (10 November 1925, Amsterdam – 14 April 2014, Leiden) was a Dutch Indologist and historian of religions and professor at the University of Leiden.He graduated in Hindi and Indian cultures at the University of Utrecht where in 1957 he also took a master's degree under the supervision of J.Gonda.From 1958 to 1961 he lived in India participating in the project of a historical dictionary in San Cristo. Then he returned to Utrecht to teach at the university, from 1964 to 1990 he was a professor at the University of Leiden of linguistic and cultural history of South Asia after the Islamic invasion. Until his death he was professor emeritus of that university.His main works include: ''The Broken World of Sacrifice: Study on Ritual in Ancient India'', 1993, Chicago; Italian transl. Milano, Adelphi, 2007) and ''The Inner Conflict of Tradition: Essays in Indian Ritual, Kingship, and Society'' (1985, Chicago)., Kingship, and Society'' (1985, Chicago).)
Holt, J. + (John Clifford Holt joined the Bowdoin facu … John Clifford Holt joined the Bowdoin faculty in 1978. He taught courses about Asian religious traditions, especially Hinduism and Buddhism, as well as courses on theoretical approaches to the study of religion. In 1982, he organized and founded the Inter-collegiate Sri Lanka Education (ISLE) Program for a consortium of private liberal arts colleges, and in 1986 he became the first chair of Bowdoin's Asian Studies Program. ([https://www.bowdoin.edu/profiles/faculty/jholt/index.html Source Accessed Nov 29, 2023])/index.html Source Accessed Nov 29, 2023]))
Crook, J. + (John Hurrell Crook (27 November 1930 – 15 … John Hurrell Crook (27 November 1930 – 15 July 2011) was a British ethologist who filled a pivotal role in British primatology.As Reader in Ethology (animal behaviour) in the Psychology Department of University of Bristol, he led a research group studying social and reproductive behaviour in birds and primates throughout the 1970s–80s, turning to the socio-psychological anthropology of Himalayan peoples in the 1990s. In his later years he was the Teacher of the Western Chan Fellowship. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Crook_(ethologist) Source Accessed Nov 29, 2023])ethologist) Source Accessed Nov 29, 2023]))
Jorgensen, J. + (John Jorgensen is a senior research associ … John Jorgensen is a senior research associate in the Chinese Studies Research Centre at La Trobe University. A specialist in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Buddhism, he taught at Griffith University in Queensland and was a researcher at The Australian National University before taking up his current role at La Trobe University. ([http://buddhanature.tsadra.org/index.php/Books/Treatise_on_Awakening_Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na_Faith Source Accessed Jan 6, 2020])4%81na_Faith Source Accessed Jan 6, 2020]))
Goldstein, M. + (John Reynolds Harkness Professor of Anthro … John Reynolds Harkness Professor of Anthropology, [[Case Western Reserve University]]Co-Director, [[Center for Research on Tibet]] Dr. Goldstein is a socio-cultural anthropologist specializing in Tibetan society. HIs topical interest include family and marriage (polyandry), cross-cultural and global aging, population studies, cultural ecology and economic development/change. He has conducted research in Tibet (Tibet Autonomous Region of China) on a range of topics including nomadic pastoralism, the impact of economic reforms on rural Tibet, family planning and fertility, the revival of Buddhism, modern Tibetan history, and socio-economic change. His has also conducted research in India (with Tibetan refugees), in northwest Nepal (with a Tibetan border community in Limi), in western Mongolia (with a nomadic pastoral community in Hovd province), in Kathmandu on family planning and intergenerational relations, and in eastern China on modernization and the elderly). Dr. Goldstein's current projects include: an oral history of Tibet, a multi-volume history of modern Tibet, a longitudinal study of the impact of China's reform policies on Tibetan nomads and a study investigating modernization and changing patterns of intergenerational relations in rural farming Tibet. [http://www.case.edu/artsci/anth/goldstein.html Source: Professor's Page at Case Western (Accessed March 17, 2012)]*Goldstein's research and articles: :: http://www.case.edu/affil/tibet/CollectedArticles.htm:: http://www.case.edu/affil/tibet/index.htm:: [[File:Interview with Melvyn Goldstein.pdf]][[File:Interview with Melvyn Goldstein.pdf]])
Visvader, J. + (John Visvader, received his B.A. in Philos … John Visvader, received his B.A. in Philosophy from the City College of New York, and a Ph.D. in Philosophy from the University of Minnesota. John taught Humanities at the University of Minnesota, taught Philosophy at the University of Colorado where he won several teaching awards, taught Daoism at the Naropa Institute, and Psychology at Husson University.John has been at the College of the Atlantic since 1986 where he teaches a large variety of courses in the areas of the philosophies of Science and Technology, Philosophy of Mind, Philosophy of Nature, Chinese Philosophy and Poetry, Intellectual History, Comparative Mysticism, and special courses in the philosophies of Wittgenstein, Heidegger and Derrida.John also informally teaches several forms of Tai Ji, at the College of the Atlantic. ([https://network.expertisefinder.com/experts/john-visvader Source Accessed June 14, 2023])n-visvader Source Accessed June 14, 2023]))
Barnes, J. + (Jonathan Barnes, FBA (born 26 December 194 … Jonathan Barnes, FBA (born 26 December 1942 in Wenlock, Shropshire) is an English scholar of Aristotelian and ancient philosophy.<h2>Education and career</h2>He was educated at the City of London School[1] and Balliol College, Oxford University.[1]He taught for 25 years at Oxford University before moving to the University of Geneva. He was a Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, 1968–78;[1] a Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, 1978–94, and has been Emeritus Fellow of Balliol College since 1994.[1]He was Professor of Ancient Philosophy, Oxford University, 1989–94.[1]He was Professor of Ancient Philosophy at the University of Geneva 1994–2002.[1]He taught at the University of Paris-Sorbonne in France, and took his éméritat in 2006.He was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 1987.[1]He is an expert on ancient Greek philosophy, and has edited the two-volume collection of Aristotle's works as well as a number of commentaries on Aristotle, the pre-Socratics and other areas of Greek thought.He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1999.[2]He was awarded an honorary doctorate by the Humboldt University of Berlin in 2012.[3]<h2>Family</h2>He married in 1965 and has two daughters.[2]He is the brother of the novelist Julian Barnes, and he and his family feature in the latter's memoir Nothing to be Frightened Of (2008).<h2>Philosophical views</h2>Barnes holds that our modern notion of the scientific method is "thoroughly Aristotelian." He emphasizes the point in order to refute empiricists Francis Bacon and John Locke, who thought they were breaking with the Aristotelian tradition. He claims that the "outrageous" charges against Aristotle were brought by men who did not read Aristotle's own works with sufficient attention and who criticized him for the faults of his successors.[4]<h2>Writings</h2>''The Complete Works of Aristotle'', 2 vols, 1984; reprinted with corrections, 1995 (General Editor) ''Posterior Analytics'' (translation and commentary on Aristotle), (1975) (revised edition, 1994) ''The Ontological Argument'' (1972) ''Presocratic Philosophers'' 2 Vols., 1979; 1 vol. revised edition, 1982 ''Aristotle'' (1982) ''The Modes of Scepticism'' (1985), with Julia Annas ''Early Greek Philosophy'' (1987) ''The Toils of Scepticism'' (1990) ''The Cambridge Companion to Aristotle'' (1995) ''Logic and the Imperial Stoa'' (1997) Barnes, Jonathan (2000). ''Aristotle: A Very Short Introduction''. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-285408-7. ''Porphyry: introduction'' (2003) ''Truth, etc.'' (2007) ''Coffee with Aristotle'' (2008) ''Methods and Metaphysics: Essays in Ancient Philosophy I'' (2011) ''Logical Matters: Essays in Ancient Philosophy II'' (2012) ''Proof, Knowledge, and Scepticism: Essays in Ancient Philosophy III'' (2014) ''Mantissa: Essays in Ancient Philosophy IV'' (2015) ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Barnes Source Accessed Feb 2, 2023])epticism: Essays in Ancient Philosophy III'' (2014) ''Mantissa: Essays in Ancient Philosophy IV'' (2015) ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Barnes Source Accessed Feb 2, 2023]))
Best, J. + (Jonathan Best received his PhD from Harvar … Jonathan Best received his PhD from Harvard University in 1976; unusual for its time it was a joint degree from the Department of Fine Arts and the Department of East Asian Languages & Civilizations. Subsequently he has taught East Asian art history at the University of Virginia and Wesleyan University, but his research and publications—all focused on early Korea—have addressed religious history, diplomatic and political history, as well as art history. His current research project is an investigation of the manifold chronological problems in the earliest chronicles of Korea and Japan, the ''Samguk sagi'' and the ''Nihon shoki''. Having retired from teaching at Wesleyan in July 2014, he is now happily focused on this intriguing and multidimensional historiographic puzzle. In part preparatory to the four-volume study projected as the culmination of this research program, he published ''A History of the Early Korean Kingdom of Paekche—together with an annotated translation of the Paekche Annals of the Samguk sagi'' (Harvard University East Asia Center, 2006). In addition to enjoying all the rights and privileges attendant to being an emeritus professor at Wesleyan, he is currently an Associate in Research at Yale, a member of the Steering Committee for the Early Korea Project at Harvard (now the Cambridge Institute for the Study of Korea or CISK), and a Member of the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton. ([https://ceas.yale.edu/people/jonathan-best Source Accessed Sept 10, 2020])/jonathan-best Source Accessed Sept 10, 2020]))
Walters, J. + (Jonathan Walters is Professor of Religion and George Hudson Ball Chair in the Humanities at Whitman College, in Walla Walla, Washington.)
Blakeslee, J. + (Joy Blakeslee, M.A. Ed, J.D., is a writer … Joy Blakeslee, M.A. Ed, J.D., is a writer and teacher who specializes in human rights, history, and literacy. Blakeslee has worked in civil rights law, as a teacher for the New York Department of Education, and as an independent researcher. She has visited India many times, and is profoundly impressed by the strength, determination, and spirituality of the Tibetan people. She is currently co-writing a book with Dr. Gloria Frelix about post–Civil Rights era Mississippi, and corporate, environmental racism. Blakeslee lives in Florida. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/product/voice-remembers/ Wisdom Publications])uct/voice-remembers/ Wisdom Publications]))
Zeitlin, J. + (Judith T. Zeitlin (b. 1958; Chinese: 蔡九迪) … Judith T. Zeitlin (b. 1958; Chinese: 蔡九迪) is the William R. Kenan Jr. Professor of East Asian Languages and Civilizations at the University of Chicago. Her areas of interest are Ming-Qing literary and cultural history, with specialties in the classical tale and drama. In 2011 she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship.She describes her personal interests on her academic page at the University of Chicago as follows:I’m especially interested in combining literary concerns with other disciplines, such as visual and material culture, medicine, performance, music, and film. I have two books coming out next year, both coming out from the University of Hawaii Press in 2007. The first, called ''The Phantom Heroine: Ghosts and Gender in Seventeenth-Century Chinese Literature'' explores the representation of ghosts across the range of literary genres in the late Ming and early Qing, specifically the fantasy of a female corpse revived through love, the imagination of death through a ghostly poetic voice, the mourning of the historical past by the present, and the theatricality of the split between body and soul. The second book is an interdisciplinary volume of essays, co-edited with Charlotte Furth and Ping-chen Hsiung, entitled ''Thinking with Cases: Specialist Knowledge in Chinese Cultural History'' to which I contributed a piece on the literary self-fashioning of a famous and garrulous sixteenth-century physician named Sun Yikui. I’m currently co-editing another interdisciplinary volume of essays with Joseph Lam, tentatively entitled ''Musiking the Late Ming'', which grew out of a conference we co-organized in May 2006 at the University of Michigan. Two of my current research projects involve tracing the cultural biography of a rare musical instrument as a way to understand the role of things in Chinese literature, and exploring the pleasure quarters as a site of cultural production in music and print.She is the daughter of classics scholar Froma Zeitlin and the sister of the economic historian Jonathan Zeitlin. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judith_T._Zeitlin Source Accessed June 19, 2023])T._Zeitlin Source Accessed June 19, 2023]))
Nagashima, J. + (Jundo Nagashima is Lecturer at Taisho University.)
Dhondup, K. + (K. Dhondup was a prominent literary and cu … K. Dhondup was a prominent literary and cultural figure of the Tibetan exile world in the eighties and nineties. Working at the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives (LTWA) in Dharamsala, he was Managing Editor of the Tibet Journal as well as on the editorial board of Pema Thang, which was possibly the first Tibetan literary journal in English. He wrote three histories of Tibet, of which two were published and the third remained incomplete. An editor, journalist and historian, K. Dhondup also wrote poetry and published a translation of the Sixth Dalai Lama's poetry.nslation of the Sixth Dalai Lama's poetry.)
Cape, K. + (Kali Nyima Cape is a scholar specializing … Kali Nyima Cape is a scholar specializing in Tibetan Buddhism, Great Perfection (''rdzogs chen'') literature, women and gender studies. Her research has been funded by the Tsadra Foundation, Ford Foundation and Fulbright-Hays Fellowship. She is currently a Ph.D. Candidate at University of Virginia, where she has also served as an instructor teaching Tibetan Buddhism, Buddhism and Gender and Tibetan language. As a Native American and multicultural person, her teaching and research prioritizes diversity issues. Her current research focuses on women, and sexuality ''The Seminal Heart of the Ḍākinī'' (''mkha’ ‘gro snying thig''), scriptures of pivotal importance to the classical period of Great Perfection literature. (Source: Author, February 7, 2022)rature. (Source: Author, February 7, 2022))
Kalu Rinpoche + (Kalu Rinpoche was one of the most prominen … Kalu Rinpoche was one of the most prominent Tibetan lamas of the twentieth century, active in both exile communities and in the West. As a young man he spent over a decade in isolated retreat, coming out only to serve as retreat master at Tsādra Rinchen Drak. Although never formally enthroned, he was commonly recognized as a reincarnation of Jamgon Kongtrul. In exile he settled in India, where he was a primary teacher to many contemporary Kagyu lamas and served as the main propagator of the Shangpa Kagyu tradition. In the later decades of his life he traveled multiple times to Europe and North America, where he established dharma centers and three-year retreat centers and initiated the translation of Kongtrul's Treasury of Knowledge into English. (Source: [https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/kalu-rinpoche/12180 Treasury of Lives])ew/kalu-rinpoche/12180 Treasury of Lives]))
Karma chags med + (Karma Chakme, also known as Raga Asé (Rāgā … Karma Chakme, also known as Raga Asé (Rāgāsya), was one of the most highly realized and accomplished scholar-yogins of Tibet. An important Karma Kamtsang teacher, he was recognized by many as the incarnation of the ninth Karmapa (but not selected.) His teachers included the most famous masters of his time, both Nyingma and Kagyu. He was both the teacher and student of Tertön Mingyur Dorje. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Karma_Chakm%C3%A9 Rigpa Wiki])x.php?title=Karma_Chakm%C3%A9 Rigpa Wiki]))
Karma gling pa + (Karma Lingpa was a 14th century tertön kno … Karma Lingpa was a 14th century tertön known for his expansive revelation on the Peaceful and Wrathful deities, the ''Zab chos zhi khro dgongs pa rang grol''. Commonly known as ''Kar gling zhi khro'' it remains to this day an extremely popular treasure cycle and was highly influential in the early days of Western interest in Tibetan Buddhism, as it is the source of the text popularly known as the ''Tibetan Book of the Dead''. He was also the son of Nyida Sangye who is known for his '''pho ba'' revelation that would become the basis for the religious festival known as the Drikung Phowa Chenmo.estival known as the Drikung Phowa Chenmo.)
Thinley, Karma + (Karma Thinley Rinpoche, (b. 1931) is an im … Karma Thinley Rinpoche, (b. 1931) is an important lama of the Kagyu and Sakya traditions of Tibetan Buddhism active in the west highly regarded as a meditation master, scholar, and poet.([https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Karma_Trinley_Rinpoche_IV Source Accessed April 21, 2023])npoche_IV Source Accessed April 21, 2023]))
Madden, K. + (Kathryn Wood Madden, Ph.D., licensed psych … Kathryn Wood Madden, Ph.D., licensed psychoanalyst and Diplomate, AAPC, has served the past ten years at the Blanton-Peale Institute in New York City, first as Academic Dean and teaching faculty, and then as President & CEO. Kathryn received her Ph.D. in Psychology and Religion at Union Theological Seminary. She is coeditor of the ''Encyclopedia of Psychology & Religion'', (Springer 2009), senior editor of ''Quadrant: Journal of the C.G. Jung Foundation for Analytical Psychology'', and a member of the Editorial Board of the ''Journal of Religion & Health: Psychology, Spirituality & Medicine''. Kathryn lectures regularly at national and international conferences on the subject of depth psychology and teaches courses on the Symbolic Nature of the Psyche and the Spiritual Dimensions of Clinical Practice. She maintains a clinical practice in New York City. ([https://steinerbooks.presswarehouse.com/browse/author/b0954db4-a13e-45b9-b98f-1161e39fa6b6/Wood-Madden-Kathryn?page=1 Source Accessed June 14, 2023])Wood-Madden-Kathryn?page=1 Source Accessed June 14, 2023]))
Inoue, K. + (Katsuhito Inoue is a Professor at Kansai University in the Faculty of Letters, Department of Humanities. He is the author of numerous articles on Japanese philosophy and Confucian thought.)
Miller, K. + (Keiko Takioto Miller is Assistant Professor of Japanese and French and Director of Asian Studies Program at Mercyhurst University in Erie, Pennsylvania.)
Hutton, K. + (Kenneth Hutton is Academic Collaborations Manager/Philosophy Subject Specialist at University of Glasgow.)
Norman, K. + (Kenneth Roy Norman FBA (21 July 1925 – 5 N … Kenneth Roy Norman FBA (21 July 1925 – 5 November 2020) was a British philologist at the University of Cambridge and a leading authority on Pali and other Middle Indo-Aryan languages.Norman was born on 21 July 1925, and was educated at Taunton School in Somerset and Downing College, Cambridge, receiving his M.A. in 1954.He was trained as a classicist and studied classical philology, in the form which was current in his student days, i.e. the investigation of the relationship between Latin, Greek and Sanskrit in particular, and between other Indo-European languages in general. He went on to study Sanskrit and the dialects associated with Sanskrit—the Prakrits—and was appointed to teach the Prakrits, or Middle Indo-Aryan, as they are sometimes called, lying as they do between Old Indo-Aryan, i.e. Sanskrit, and New Indo-Aryan, i.e. the modern Indo-Aryan languages spoken mainly in North India.The whole of his academic career was spent at Cambridge. He was appointed Lecturer in Indian Studies in 1955, Reader in 1978, and Professor of Indian Studies in 1990. He retired in 1992.From 1981 to 1994 he was President of the Pali Text Society, and from January to March 1994 he was the Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai Visiting Professor at the School of Oriental and African Studies. He was made a Foreign Member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters in 1983 and a Fellow of the British Academy in 1985. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K._R._Norman Adapted from Source July 16, 2023])Norman Adapted from Source July 16, 2023]))
Tupden, Yeshey + (Kensur Yeshey Tupden (Ye-shes-thub-bstan, … Kensur Yeshey Tupden (Ye-shes-thub-bstan, 1916-1988) was one of the most respected among the last generation of Gelukba scholars to complete their training in Tibet prior to the Chinese takeover in 1959. Kensur came into exile in India in the early 1960s, and during his ten years as abbot he oversaw the reestablishment of Loseling College, Drebung Monastery in Mundgod, India. ([https://www.namsebangdzo.com/Path-to-the-Middle-p/12807.htm Source Accessed Aug 9, 2023])-p/12807.htm Source Accessed Aug 9, 2023]))
Brown, Kerry + (Kerry Brown is a New Zealander and former … Kerry Brown is a New Zealander and former journalist. She now lives in Britain and works as religious consultant for the World Wide fund for Nature. She is an executive-director of the international Sacred Literature Trust and has edited various books on world faiths. ([https://readersend.com/product/buddhism-and-ecology-2/ Source Accessed Feb 22, 2023])-ecology-2/ Source Accessed Feb 22, 2023]))
Khang sar bstan pa'i dbang phyug + (Khangsar Tenpa’i Wangchuk (1938–2014), aka … Khangsar Tenpa’i Wangchuk (1938–2014), aka Tulku Tenpo, was a monk and tertön of the Nyingma school. A revered master of his own tradition, he was also learned in the rigorous Geluk scholastic curriculum. While imprisoned for twelve years during the Cultural Revolution, he continued his dedicated practice alongside other great masters. He studied with Palyul Choktrul Jampal Gyepe Dorje, Akyong Tokden Rinpoche Lodrö Gyatso, and others. In his later years, he focused on teaching, writing, and restoring the monasteries of Khangsar Taklung and Payak in the region of Golok (mgo log), Tibet. His collected writings include commentaries on ''The Thirty-Seven Practices of a Bodhisattva'' ([[gyal sras lag len so bdun ma]]), ''Rigdzin Düpa'' ([[rig 'dzin 'dus pa]]), ''Tsik Sum Né Dek'' ([[tshig gsum gnad brdegs]]), Longchenpa's ''Neluk Dzö'' ([[gnas lugs mdzod]]) and ''Chöying Dzö'' ([[chos dbyings mdzod]]), and Shabkar's ''Flight of the Garuda'' ([[mkha' lding gshog rlabs]]). ([https://www.shambhala.com/authors/u-z/khangsar-tenpa-i-wangchuk.html Source Accessed Feb. .4, 2022])gchuk.html Source Accessed Feb. .4, 2022]))
PaN chen ngag dbang chos grags + (Khenchen Ngawang Chodak (mkhan chen ngag d … Khenchen Ngawang Chodak (mkhan chen ngag dbang chos gragss) was born to hisfather Trungtso Phuntsok (drung 'tsho phun tshogs) and his mother Phenthok Kyi (phanthogs skyid) in Semcher valley of Tsang in 1572. He was intellectually more mature than his peers, so learned reading and writing effortlessly. At the age of eleven, he abided in a holy mountain under the care of Kunkhen Ngawang Chakpa ([[kun mkhyen ngag dbang grags pa]]) for one year. Then he went to the great monastic school of Thupten Yangpajan (thubbstan yangs pa can), and Geshe Kunchok Gyatso ([[dkon mchog rgya mtsho]]) bestowedhim the ordination name of Ngawang Chodak.From then, Khenchen Ngawang Chodak studied with numerous great masters: KenchenWangchok Pelsang ([[mkhyen chen dbang phyug dpal bzang]]), Mangthu Logrub Gyatso([[mang thos klu sgrub rgya mtsho]]), Grubchok Suonam Chophel ([[grub mchog bsod namschos 'phel]]), Jonang Daranatha ([[jo nang ta ra na tha]]), Khenchen Jampa Sangpo ([[mkhanchen byams pa bzang po]]), Muchen Sangye Gyaltsen ([[mus chen sangs rgyas rgyalmtshan]]), etc., and became expert in the treatises of the Six Volumes and knowledge ofsutras and mantras with his brilliant intellect. He pilgrimaged to Sagya and Ngamring,and gained reputation for his erudite debate skills.Khenchen Ngawang Chodak took gelong vows when he could meditate with the actualmeaning of what he had been taught and he could attain the realization of various deities.At the thirty-five, he took the throne of the Thupten Yangpajan monastic school anddevoted the rest of his life there to study, teach, and write. At age of seventy, he peacefully passedinto Nirvana.eventy, he peacefully passed into Nirvana.)
Brag g.yab blo gros rgyal mtshan + (Khenpo Drayab Lodrö Gyaltsen (Tib. བྲག་གཡབ … Khenpo Drayab Lodrö Gyaltsen (Tib. བྲག་གཡབ་བློ་གྲོས་རྒྱལ་མཚན་, Wyl. brag g.yab blo gros rgyal mtshan) (d. early 1960s?) - He came from Drayab Sakya Monastery. His main teachers were Öntö Khyenrab Chökyi Özer, Gapa Khenpo Jamgyal and Gatön Ngawang Lekpa and Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö. He was the fifth khenpo at Dzongsar Shedra, from ca. 1939-1943.He taught just like Öntö Khyenrab Chökyi Özer, who, it is said, taught exactly like Khenpo Shenga. He spent many years in prison, were he was tortured, but he taught his fellow inmates whenever he had an opportunity.<h5>Writings</h5>He composed a commentary on the ninth chapter of the ''Bodhicharyavatara''. He also wrote a commentary to Sakya Pandita's ''Treasury of Valid Reasoning'', which has not survived. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Drayab_Lodr%C3%B6 Rigpa Wiki])/index.php?title=Khenpo_Drayab_Lodr%C3%B6 Rigpa Wiki]))
Gyurme Tsultrim, Shechen Khenpo + (Khenpo Gyurme Tsultrim was born in the Mug … Khenpo Gyurme Tsultrim was born in the Mugu district of western Nepal in 1969 where he studied reading and writing with his uncle. When he was thirteen, he met Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche and became one of the first monks at Shechen Tennyi Dargyeling Monastery in Nepal. In 1985, as the Shechen Philosophical College was not yet built, Khyentse Rinpoche sent him to the Dzongsar Monastic College in India for higher studies. He studied there for six years and then completed the last three years of his study at the Palyul Nyingmapa College in Mysore, India.He became the first monk of Shechen Monastery, Nepal, to attain the rank of Khenpo, the equivalent of a Ph.D., in 1996. Presently, Khenpo Gyurme Tsultrim is the vice abbot of the monastery and teaches at its College. He has traveled to Europe a number of times to give teachings, and he oversees many of the activities of the monastery. (Source: Shechen https://shechen.org/spiritual-development/teachers/khenpo-gyurme-tsultrim/)elopment/teachers/khenpo-gyurme-tsultrim/))
Kunga Sherab Saljay, Khenpo + (Khenpo Kunga Sherab Saljay Rinpoche is Vajra Master of Jonang Jamdha Monastery and Jonang Tsinang Monastery.)
Gyamtso, Khenpo Tsultrim + (Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso is a noted scholar … Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso is a noted scholar and teacher who was born in Eastern Tibet in 1935. After completing this early training, he spent five years wandering throughout Eastern and Central Tibet undertaking extensive solitary retreats in caves. When he reached Tsurphu Monastery, he received instruction from the head of the Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism, the 16th Karmapa, who later named him a khenpo, which is a title of scholastic mastery. In 1977 he came to the West to teach Tibetan language and Buddhism. Known for his highly engaging teaching style, Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso has been traveling and teaching in the West ever since, placing an emphasis on the careful training of Westerners. Some of his students include [[Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche]], [[Acharya Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen]], [[Shenpen Hookham|Lama Shenpen Hookham]], [[Karl Brunnhölzl]], and [[Elizabeth Callahan]]. ([http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0661/2002152104-b.html Source Accessed July, 21 2020])Visit his official site at [http://www.ktgrinpoche.org/ ktgrinpoche.org]tp://www.ktgrinpoche.org/ ktgrinpoche.org])
Khenpo Yeshi + (Khenpo Yeshi received a B.A. in Religious … Khenpo Yeshi received a B.A. in Religious Studies from UC Berkeley (2012), an M.A. in South and Southeast Asian Studies from UC Berkeley (2017), and is now a doctoral candidate. His research focuses on Tibetan Buddhism and the early development of the Dzogchen Heart Essence (Rdzogs chen snying thig) tradition, the highest section of the so-called Pith Instruction Teaching (Man ngag sde) of Dzogchen. His interests revolve around this contemplative system’s view, path, conduct, and fruition, as well as broader issues in Dzogchen’s relationship with other traditions in Tibet and beyond.with other traditions in Tibet and beyond.)
Khyung sprul pad+ma dbang chen bstan 'dzin phrin las + (Khyungtrul Pema Wangchen Tendzin Trinley ( … Khyungtrul Pema Wangchen Tendzin Trinley (1870-?) was born in the khyung po area of eastern Tibet, met Dza Patrul Rinpoche, Orgyen Jigme Chokyi Wangpo (dpal sprul o rgyan 'jigs med chos kyi dbang po, 1808-1887), and his main teachers were Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo ('jam dbyangs mkhyen brtse'i dbang po, 1820-1892) and Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Thaye ('jam mgon kong sprul blo gros mtha' yas, 1813-1899). He later became an influential teacher in central Tibet where he gave the transmission of the ''rin chen gter mdzod chen mo'' and other major ''rnying ma'' teachings. He was also a treasure discoverer (''gter ston''). (Source: [[Khyung sprul pad+ma dbang chen bstan 'dzin phrin las kyi rnam thar]]: The Autobiography of Khyung Sprul Padma Dbang Chen Bstan 'Dzin Phrin Las. Delhi: Shechen Publications, 1995.)n Las. Delhi: Shechen Publications, 1995.))
Khri srong lde'u btsan + (King Trisong Deutsen (742-c.800/755-797 ac … King Trisong Deutsen (742-c.800/755-797 according to the Chinese sources) – the thirty-eighth king of Tibet, son of King Me Aktsom, second of the three great religious kings and one of the main disciples of Guru Rinpoche. It was due to his efforts that the great masters Śāntarakṣita and Guru Padmasambhava came from India and established Buddhism firmly in Tibet. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=King_Trisong_Detsen Rigpa Wiki]).hp?title=King_Trisong_Detsen Rigpa Wiki]).)
Janert, K. + (Klaus Ludwig Janert (Wittenberg 9.3.1922 — … Klaus Ludwig Janert (Wittenberg 9.3.1922 — 10.12.1994) was a German Indologist and Professor in Cologne. He studied Indology, Tamil, IE and Slavic linguistics at Halle (under Thieme) and Göttingen, where [he earned his] Ph.D. [in] 1954. He worked in Göttingen University Library. He retired in 1987. He was a demanding teacher and critic. Married twice, with Imogen Mutschmann and Ilse Pliester.The main field of Janert was clearly the study of manuscripts, while a further interest was the Aśoka inscriptions, also history of Indology, Tamil, and Nakhi. Among his students was U. Niklas. ([https://whowaswho-indology.info/2784/janert-klaus-ludwig/ Adapted from Source Jan 15, 2024])ludwig/ Adapted from Source Jan 15, 2024]))
Maitreya + (Known in Tibetan as the "Lord of Love" or … Known in Tibetan as the "Lord of Love" or the "Noble Loving One" འཕགས་པ་བྱམས་པ། (Pakpa Jampa), the "Loving Protector" བྱམས་པའི་མགོན་པོ་ (Jampay Gonpo), in Chinese as 弥勒佛 (Mi Le Fo), Japanese as Miroku, and commonly as Maitreya throughout Asia and beyond. Maitreya is the bodhisattva called the "future Buddha" who resides in Tushita heaven until coming to the human realm to take the role of the next Buddha after Śākyamuni Buddha. According to tradition, Asaṅga received teachings from Maitreya and recorded them in the Five Dharma Treatises of Maitreya, which form the basis for buddha-nature teachings and the larger Yogācāra teachings in general.The list of five is: Ornament of Clear Realization (Abhisamayālaṃkāra, mngon rtogs rgyan, 現觀莊嚴論); Ornament for the Mahāyāna Sūtras (Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra, theg pa chen po mdo sde rgyan, 大乘莊嚴經論); Differentiation of the Middle and the Extremes (Madhyāntavibhāga, dbus mtha' rnam 'byed, 辨中邊論頌); Differentiation of Phenomena and Their Nature (Dharmadharmatāvibhāga, chos dang chos nyid rnam 'byed, 辨法法性論); and The Mahāyāna Treatise of the Highest Continuum (Ratnagotravibhāga Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra, theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i bstan bcos, 分別寶性大乘無上續論).traśāstra, theg pa chen po rgyud bla ma'i bstan bcos, 分別寶性大乘無上續論).)
Blancke, K. + (Kristin Blancke is an independent research … Kristin Blancke is an independent researcher in Tibetan Buddhism, working many years on the Italian translation of the ''Hundred Thousand Songs of Milarepa'' by Tsang Nyon Heruka. In her research she evaluates earlier texts about the life and teachings of Milarepa, so as to be able to get a more 'realistic' picture of this great teacher. ([https://independent.academia.edu/kristinblancke Adapted from Source March 19, 2024])ancke Adapted from Source March 19, 2024]))
Lati Rinpoche + (Kyabje Lati Rinpoche (1922 – 12 April 2010 … Kyabje Lati Rinpoche (1922 – 12 April 2010) Born in the Kham region of Eastern Tibet in 1922, Lati Rinpoche was identified as the reincarnation of a great practitioner by Gongkar Rinpoche and entered monastic life at the age of 10.At the age of fifteen, he enrolled in Gaden Shartse Norling College, one of the 'great three' Gelukpa university monasteries of Tibet.In 1959, Lati Rinpoche sat for the Geshe Lharmapa examination and he was conferred as "Geshe Lharampa". In 1960, Lati Rinpoche joined the tantric college in Lhasa, and started intensive study in Tantra. In 1964, Lati Rinpoche left Tibet to join the 14th Dalai Lama in exile. On arrival in Dharamsala, he was appointed as the Spiritual Advisor to the 14th Dalai Lama.From 1976, Lati Rinpoche taught at the Namgyal Gomba (the 14th Dalai Lama's personal monastery). In the same year, he was appointed as the Abbot of the Shartse Norling College of Gaden Monastery, a replacement university in the like of Gaden Shartse Norling College, for the monkhood in exile. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lati_Rinpoche Source Accessed July 24, 2023])i_Rinpoche Source Accessed July 24, 2023]))
Alldritt, L. + (LESLIE D. ALLDRITT is an Associate Profess … LESLIE D. ALLDRITT is an Associate Professor of Religion and Philosophy at Northland College in Ashland, Wisconsin. He earned his Ph.D. in Religious Studies from Temple University in 1991 and was privileged to study with Dr. Richard DeMartino at Temple University. His current research interest is Japanese Buddhism and its relationship to the ''burakumin'', a discriminated group in Japan. Born in Kansas, he currently resides in northern Wisconsin with his wife, Vicki, and son, Owen. ([https://ia802900.us.archive.org/7/items/religionsoftheworldbuddhismlesliealldrittd._239_D/Religions%20of%20the%20World%20%20Buddhism%20Leslie%20Alldritt%20D..pdf Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023])tt%20D..pdf Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023]))
Chonam, Lama + (Lama Chönam, Chöying Namgyal, was born in … Lama Chönam, Chöying Namgyal, was born in the Golog area of eastern Tibet in 1964. His root teacher, Khenpo Münsel, was a direct disciple of Khenpo Ngagchung and was himself one of the great authentic Dzogchen masters of the twentieth century. Lama Chönam escaped Tibet in 1992 and later came to the United States, where he resides today. Over the past sixteen years Lama Chönam has been teaching Tibetan language and the Buddhadharma. He is one of the founders of the Light of Berotsana Translation Group. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/product/lives-and-liberation-princess-mandarava/ Wisdom Publications])-princess-mandarava/ Wisdom Publications]))
Chödrön, K. + (Lama Karma Yeshe Chödrön is a scholar, tea … Lama Karma Yeshe Chödrön is a scholar, teacher, and translator in the Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism. She divides her time between the Rigpe Dorje Institute at Pullahari Monastery, Kathmandu, and Santa Fe, New Mexico. Before studying Buddhism, she completed graduate degrees in biology and law and worked as a litigator in Miami and Silicon Valley. With her husband, Lama Karma Zopa Jigme, she cofounded Prajna Fire and the Prajna Sparks podcast. She also co-hosts the Opening Dharma Access: Listening to BIPOC teachers podcast. ([https://www.lionsroar.com/author/lama-karma-yeshe-chodron/ Source Accessed April 25, 2024])-chodron/ Source Accessed April 25, 2024]))
Merzagora, S. + (Laureata in Lingue Orientali e con Dottora … Laureata in Lingue Orientali e con Dottorato in Indo-tibetologia, studia e pratica discipline orientali da oltre vent’anni. Si e’ formata come insegnante di Yoga Evolutivo presso l’Associazione Mandala ed e’ istruttore Mindfulness accreditata dal Center For Mindfulness in Medicine, Health Care and Society dell¹Università Medica del Massachussets. Ha collaborato con i carceri di Regina Coeli e Rebibbia per la creazione di progetti di yoga e meditazione per i detenuti. Lavora stabilmente presso l’Associazione Mandala dove conduce corsi di Yoga Evolutivo e meditazione. ([https://mandala.it/chi-siamo/lo-staff/ Source Accessed July 11, 2023])/lo-staff/ Source Accessed July 11, 2023]))
Covill, L. + (Linda Covill received her PhD from the University of Oxford and is the author of ''Handsome Nanda'', a translation and a study of Asvaghosa's Saundarananda.)
Samdhong Rinpoche, 5th + (Lobsang Tenzin, better known by the titles … Lobsang Tenzin, better known by the titles Professor Venerable Samdhong Rinpoche (zam gdong rin po che) and to Tibetans as the 5th Samdhong Rinpoche (born 5 November 1939), was the previous prime minister (officially Kalon Tripa, or chairman of the cabinet), of the Central Tibetan Administration, or Tibetan government-in-exile, which is based in Dharamshala, India; Lobsang Sangay was elected to this position in April 2011.A close associate of 14th Dalai Lama, the Tibetan leader, he was elected to his current position in 2001.Lobsang Tenzin was born in Jol, in eastern Tibet. At the age of five, he was recognised, according to Tibetan tradition, as the reincarnation of the 4th Samdhong Rinpoche and enthroned in Gaden Dechenling Monastery at Jol. Two years later he took vows as a monk, started his religious training at Drepung Monastery in Lhasa and completed it at the Madhyamika School of Buddhism. But in 1950, after the Chinese invasion of Tibet,[citation needed] he was forced to go into exile in India along with the 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso.From 1960 onwards Lobsang Tenzin worked as a teacher in Tibetan religious schools in India, first in Simla and later in Darjeeling. Between 1965 and 1970 he was the Principal of Dalhousie Tibetan School and between 1971 and 1988 he was the Principal of Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies (CIHTS) at Varanasi (Benares), and from 1988 to 2001 he was the director. He is regarded as one of the leading Tibetan scholars of Buddhism and is also an authority on the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi. He is fluent in Hindi and English, Tibetan being his mother tongue.In 1991 Lobsang Tenzin was appointed by the Dalai Lama as a member of the Assembly of Tibetan People's Deputies, and later was unanimously elected as its chairman. Between 1996 and 2001 he was an elected member of the Assembly representing exiled Tibetans from Kham province and also its chairman.In 2000 the Dalai Lama decided that the Tibetan people in exile should elect their own Prime Minister, and in July 2001 Lobsang Tenzin was elected with about 29,000 votes, or about 84% of those cast, which is about 25% of the exile Tibetan population. Juchen Thubten Namgyal, the other candidate, won the remainder.[1] Since 2001 he has travelled extensively to gain support for the cause of Tibetan autonomy and raise awareness of the Dalai Lama's proposals for negotiating autonomy with the Chinese government.( [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobsang_Tenzin Source Accessed May 29, 2015] )ang_Tenzin Source Accessed May 29, 2015] ))
Renou, L. + (Louis Renou (French: [ʁənu]; 26 October 18 … Louis Renou (French: [ʁənu]; 26 October 1896 – 18 August 1966) was the pre-eminent French Indologist of the twentieth century.After passing the agrégation examination in 1920, Louis Renou taught for a year at the lycée in Rouen. He then took a sabbatical, read the works of Sanskrit scholars and attended the classes of Antoine Meillet. Henceforth he opted exclusively for the study of Sanskrit. He attended the lectures of Jules Bloch at the École des hautes études. The work he did at this time gave rise to Les maîtres de la philologie védique (1928). His doctoral thesis, submitted in 1925, was La valeur du parfait dans les hymnes védiques. After a short time at the Faculté de lettres in Lyon, he moved to L'École des hautes études and then to the Sorbonne where he succeeded Alfred A. Foucher. In 1946 he was elected to the Académie des Inscriptions.In the following years he undertook three journeys: India in 1948-1949, Yale University in 1953, and Tokyo in 1954-1956 where he was director of the Maison franco-japonaise. He hardly travelled after this.He had settled on his line of study early on and never wrote about any subject other than India. He left to one side archaeology, political history and Buddhism and concentrated firmly on the tradition that, beginning with the Rig Veda, runs through all aspects of belief and practice right up to the present. For forty years he regularly published articles and books that were often voluminous, were based on original research, and are of considerable merit. The study of the Indian theory of grammar lies at the heart of his work. This can be seen in the Études védiques et paninéennes published between 1955 and 1966. The Études consist of more than two thousand pages of translation and commentary of Vedic hymns. The Études covered two thirds of the Rig Veda by the time of his death.He, in his 1953 lectures on the religions of India, observed that "the Jaina movement presents evidence that is of great interest both for the historical and comparative study of religion in ancient India and for the history of religion in general. Based on profoundly Indian elements, it is at the same time a highly original creation, containing very ancient material, more ancient than that of Buddhism, and your highly refined and elaborated."Louis Renou was director of the Institut de civilisation indienne and attended regularly meetings of the Académie and the Societé Asiatique. He died in 1966. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Renou Source Acessed Aug 29, 2023])/Louis_Renou Source Acessed Aug 29, 2023]))
La Vallée Poussin, L. + (Louis Étienne Joseph Marie de La Vallée Po … Louis Étienne Joseph Marie de La Vallée Poussin was born on 1. January, 1869 in Liège, where he received his early education. He studied at the University of Liege from 1884 to 1888, receiving his doctorate at the age of nineteen. He studied Sanskrit, Pali, and Avestan under Charles de Harlez and Philippe Colinet from 1888 to 1890 at the University of Leuven, receiving a docteur en langues orientales in July 1891. Moving to Paris, he began his studies at the Sorbonne that same year under Victor Henri and [[Lévi, S.|Sylvain Lévi]]. During this time (1891-1892), he also occupied the chair of Sanskrit at the University of Liege. He continued his study of Avestan and the Zoroastrian Gathas under Hendrik Kern at Leiden University, where he also took up the study of Chinese and Tibetan. In 1893, he attained a professorship at the University of Ghent teaching comparative grammar of Greek and Latin, a position which he held until his retirement in 1929. Louis de La Vallée Poussin died in Brussels on 18 February, 1938. ([https://www2.hf.uio.no/polyglotta/index.php?page=person&vid=92&entity=92 Source Accessed July 27, 2020])d=92&entity=92 Source Accessed July 27, 2020]))
Kambalapāda + (Lva ba pa, or bLa ma dGe slong, Skt. Kamba … Lva ba pa, or bLa ma dGe slong, Skt. Kambalapāda, was a tenth-century master who, with others, discovered the yoginī tantras in the country of Oḍḍīyāna (BA, 753), and was important in the lineage of Guhyasamāja. He was known as the Sleeping Bhikṣu (monk) because he is said to have slept for three years at the gate of king Indrabhūti's palace (BA, 362). A bhasuku or bhusuku is similar to a mendicant (sprang bu), that is, free of purposeful action (bya bral pa) (KTGR 2005). Sleeping for three years would probably qualify! (Harding, ''Esoteric Instructions'', 192n172)rding, ''Esoteric Instructions'', 192n172))
Man+dA ra ba + (Mandarava was one of the five principal co … Mandarava was one of the five principal consorts of Guru Rinpoche, she was an emanation of Dhatvishvari and a princess of Zahor. After leaving the palace out of disgust for samsara, and joining a nunnery, she met Guru Rinpoche who gave her teachings. When the king found out, he cast her into a pit of thorns and tried to burn Guru Rinpoche alive. But through his magical powers, Guru Rinpoche transformed the pyre into a lake. When the king had repented his actions and granted them pardon, Mandarava accompanied Guru Rinpoche to the Maratika cave, where through their accomplishment of long-life practice, they saw the Buddha Amitabha face to face and attained the level of a vidyadhara with power over life. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Mandarava Rigpa Wiki])org/index.php?title=Mandarava Rigpa Wiki]))
Loinaz, M. + (Margarita Loinaz is a community teacher at … Margarita Loinaz is a community teacher at the East Bay Meditation Center in Oakland and a visiting teacher at Spirit Rock. She began teaching in 1997 and co-organized the first People of Color Retreat at Spirit Rock in 1999. A student of both the Theravada and Tibetan traditions, her teaching integrates Dzogchen practice with social justice and environmental awareness. ([https://www.lionsroar.com/author/margarita-loinaz/ Source Accessed April 25, 2024])a-loinaz/ Source Accessed April 25, 2024]))
Rowe, M. + (Mark M. Rowe is associate professor of rel … Mark M. Rowe is associate professor of religious studies at McMaster University. He is the author of ''Bonds of the Dead: Temples, Burial, and the Transformation of Contemporary Japanese Buddhism''. ([https://uhpress.hawaii.edu/bookseries/contemporary-buddhism/ Source Accessed Nov 29, 2023])y-buddhism/ Source Accessed Nov 29, 2023]))
Brauen, M. + (Martin Brauen, Ph.D., is Lecturer and Head … Martin Brauen, Ph.D., is Lecturer and Head of the Department of Tibet, Himalaya, and Far East at the Ethnographic Museum of the University of Zurich, Switzerland. He studied Cultural and Social Anthropology, History of Religions, and Buddhism at Zurich and Delhi Universities. ([https://www.abebooks.com/Mandala-Sacred-Circle-Tibetan-Buddhism-Brauen/31252551924/bd Source Accessed Mar 7, 2023])252551924/bd Source Accessed Mar 7, 2023]))
Hsiao, M. + (Mei Hsiao received her PhD in Religious Studies from the University of Calgary in 2008. She is an Assistant Professor at China Medical University Center for General Education in Taiwan. She specializes in Mahāyāna Buddhism and Chinese Philosophy.)
Sprung, M. + (Mervyn Sprung, Professor Emeritus at Brock … Mervyn Sprung, Professor Emeritus at Brock University and a former Hooker Visiting Professor at McMaster University, is the author of four previous books on eastern and comparative philosophy, including ''Lucid Exposition of the Middle Way: A Translation of the Prasannapada'' (Routledge & Kegan Paul). ([https://bookshop.org/p/books/the-magic-of-unknowing-an-east-west-soliloquy-mervyn-sprung/9552511 Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023])-sprung/9552511 Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023]))
Aris, M. + (Michael Vaillancourt Aris (27 March 1946 – … Michael Vaillancourt Aris (27 March 1946 – 27 March 1999) was a Cuban-born English historian who wrote and lectured on Bhutanese, Tibetan and Himalayan culture and history. He was the husband of Aung San Suu Kyi, who would later become State Counsellor of Myanmar. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Aris Source Accessed Feb 13, 2013])== Other Information ==*[http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/obituary-michael-aris-1083767.html Michael Aris' Obituary at Independent.co.uk]*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Aris Wikipedia Article on Michael Aris]el_Aris Wikipedia Article on Michael Aris])
Cross, C. + (Mike Chodo Cross was born in Birmingham in … Mike Chodo Cross was born in Birmingham in 1959, and graduated from Sheffield University. With Gudo Nishijima, he is the co-translator into English of Master Dogen’s ''Shobogenzo'' in four volumes. He now divides his time between England and France. Together with his wife Chie, who is also an Alexander Technique teacher and Zen practitioner, he runs the Middle Way Re-education Centre in Aylesbury, England. At a small country retreat on the edge of La Foret Des Andaines in northern France, he indulges selfishly in sitting-Zen, amid sounds of a valley stream and abundant singing of birds. ([http://www.zen-occidental.net/enseignements/cross1.html Source Accessed July 13, 2023])ross1.html Source Accessed July 13, 2023]))
Strinu, M. + (Monica Strinu finished her diploma thesis … Monica Strinu finished her diploma thesis on depictions of deities from the founding phase of Tabo in the context of cultural history at the University of Vienna in 2013. Since 2007 she has worked as an archive assistant and graphic designer at the Western Himalaya Archive Vienna, part of the national research network "The Cultural History of the Western Himalaya from the 8th Century" and the "Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Documentation of Inner and South Asian Cultural History" at the Institute for Art History at the University of Vienna. Her research interests include Western Himalayan art from the 10th to 13th centuries and digital art history. ([https://brill.com/display/book/9789004307438/B9789004307438_001.xml Source Accessed Aug 1, 2023])7438_001.xml Source Accessed Aug 1, 2023]))
Kirloskar-Steinbach, M. + (Monika Kirloskar-Steinbach is Professor of Philosophy at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands, founding co-editor of the ''Journal of World Philosophies'' and is the journal’s current editor-in-chief.)
Wilkinson, Constance + (Ms Wilkinson is a writer whose plays have … Ms Wilkinson is a writer whose plays have been seen in New York, Nepal, Kenya and South Africa; she co-founded Kuku Ryku Theater Lab with Sally Jones, and with Susan Weiser-Finley created pieces in the lineage of Grotowski performed in New York and at universities and experimental theaters festivals in the United States and Europe. For KRTL, acclaimed director/actor William Finley (Dionysus in '69, Phantom of the Opera) directed Wilkinson's best-known play, the dark comedy “Sacco and Vanzetti Meet Julius and Ethel Rosenberg! (or, Patrick Henry in Hell).”Wilkinson moved from Manhattan to Kathmandu, Nepal where she taught English as a second language, studied Nepali and Tibetan at Tribhuvan University and continued to act, direct, and write plays, this time for an audience largely composed of Kathmandu’s large international expat community.After a decade in Nepal, she returned to the US and became a licensed psychotherapist specializing in treating post-traumatic stress disorder, while continuing to write plays (and to direct and act on occasion). ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/constance-wilkinson-mfa-lmhc-288a089/ Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022])hc-288a089/ Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022]))
Ichien, M. + (Mujū lchien. (無住一円) (1227-1312). A Japanes … Mujū lchien. (無住一円) (1227-1312). A Japanese monk during the Kamakura period; also known as Mujū Dōgyō. He was born into a warrior family and became a monk at the age of eighteen. Mujū studied the doctrines of various sects, including the Hossōshū, Shingonshū, Tendaishū, and Jōdoshū, and received Zen training from the Rinzaishū monk Enni Ben'en (1202-1280). In 1262, Mujū built Chōboji (Matriarchal Longevity Monastery) in Owari (present-day Nagoya, a port city in the center of the main Japanese island of Honshū), where he spent the rest of his life. Although affiliated with the Rinzaishū, Mujū took an ecumenical approach to Buddhism, arguing that all the different teachings of Buddhism were skillful means of conveying the religion's ultimate goal; he even denounced Nichiren (1222-1382) for his contemporary's exclusivist attitude toward his own eponymous sect. Mujū was also famous for his collections of Japanese folklore, such as the ''Shasekishū'' ("Sand and Pebbles Collection"), written between 1279 and 1283; his ''Tsuma kagami'' ("Mirror for Wives") of 1300; and his 1305 ''Zōdanshū'' ("Collection of Random Conversations"). In particular, in the ''Shasekishū'', Mujū introduced the idea of the "unity of spirits and buddhas" (shinbutsu shūgō) , describing the Japanese indigenous gods, or Kami, as various manifestations of the Buddha. (Source: "Mujū lchien." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 552. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Jinpa, Gelek + (NAGRU GESHE GELEK JINPA was born in Kham, … NAGRU GESHE GELEK JINPA was born in Kham, East Tibet in 1967. He grew up in a nomad family, spending his childhood much as any young Tibetan would, tending the animals and working on the farm. Geshe Gelek also attended a local school, where he learnt to read and write. In 1986 H. E. Yongdzin Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche visited East Tibet, and it was then that Geshe Gelek made up his mind to take vows from him and become a monk; he was nineteen at the time.As a novice, he began his monastic studies in Thongdrol Ritröd Monastery, starting with the Preliminary practices, and going on to receive teachings on Dzogchen as well as many other aspects of the Bön tradition. He later stayed in Tsedrug Gompa for a year and studied philosophy with the renowned scholar Lopon Drangsong Yungdrung in Lungkar Gompa for two years. Geshe Gelek completed several personal retreats, including a 49 day dark retreat and a 100 day Tummo retreat. He also practised Trekchö and Thögal. In 1988 he began studying Bön philosophy, alongside Tantra and Dzogchen. Having begun studying Bön philosophy in 1988, Geshe Gelek decided to continue his studies with the great Bön masters in exile in India and Nepal. In 1992 he managed to travel from Tibet toNepal where he spent some time with Yongdzin Lopön Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche before transferring to the new Menri monastery in Dolanji, India, where he continued his studies under the guidance of Menri Tridzin Lungtok Tenpi Nyima Rinpoche.In 1994 Geshe Gelek returned to Nepal to the newly-established Triten Norbutse Monastery where he was able to receive many extremely important Dzogchen teachings from Yongdzin Lopon Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche. It was during this time that Geshe Gelek began researching and writing his own books, including a treatise on Bön Vinaya, the History of Zhang Zhung (currently being translated into English by Prof. Charles Ramble), and the Bön Kanjyur (canon). The latter was published in Nepal in 2001. From 1999-2000 Geshe Gelek collaborated with Prof. Nagano of the National Museum of Ethnology Osaka, Japan and Prof. Samten G. Karmay of INRS on a major project to catalogue the Bön canon. Geshe Gelek received his Geshe degree from Triten Norbutse in 2001; his class was the first to graduate in Nepal for many centuries, and the final exam were held in the presence of H. H. Lungtok Tenpi Nyima Rinpoche, H.E. Yongdzin Lopon Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche and Khenpo Tenpa Yungdrung. Like the others in his class, Geshe Gelek received his degree certificate from a representative of H. H. the Dalai Lama. Later that year Geshe Gelek was invited to France by the Kalpa Group to participate in a scientific study of Tummo for Harvard University, USA. Together with two other Bönpo monks, he completed a full 100 day retreat during which he was monitored regularly by physicians and scientists to establish the physical effects of this practice of inner heat. It was during that time that Geshe Gelek struck up what was to become a lasting friendship with Dr. Charles Ramble, then head of Tibetan and Himalayan Studies at Oxford University, UK (now professor at École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris).In 2003-2005 Geshe Gelek collaborated with Dr. Ramble and the Kalpa Group on research into the history and culture of Zhang Zhung, and this led to a fieldtrip in the Mount Kailash region which culminated in the production of a documentary film In Search of Zhang Zhung (featured om this site) and a book The Sacred Landscape and Pilgrimage in Tibet; In Search of the Lost Kingdom of Bön, Abbeville Press, New York, London, 2005. Further research followed in 2008 when the newly-formed Bönpo Mahasangha of Nepal, headed by Khenpo Tenpa Yungdrung, asked him to undertake a survey of Bön peoples, temples and customs in various regions of Nepal. This led to the production of a documentary film Secrets of Mustang: Treasure of Bön (featured on this website) and a book, BÖN IN NEPAL: Traces of the Great Zhang Zhung Ancestors - The Light of the History of Existence (forthcoming).In 2003/4 Geshe Gelek studied English in Oxford and in 2008 he was invited to participate at Hope University's Big Hope conference in Liverpool, UK. He has made invaluable contributions to several recent publications, such as Masters of the Zhang Zhung Nyengyud, Heart Essence of the Khandro: Experiential Inistructions on Bönpo Dzogchen - Thirty signs and Meanings from Women Lineage-Holders and other yet unpublished texts.Since the establishment of Shenten Dargye Ling, Yongdzin Lopön Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche's international centre in France, in 2005, Geshe Gelek has spend many months based in Europe; he travels regularly to teach a growing number of students throughout Europe, as well as in the US. His lively, energetic teaching style and easy-going, compassionate nature are much appreciated by his Western students.In 2013 he was inaugurated as Khenpo (Abbott) of Shenten Dargye Ling at a ceremony held in Triten Norbutse Monastery, Kathmandu.Source: [http://www.yungdrungbon.co.uk/GesheGelekJinpa.html]w.yungdrungbon.co.uk/GesheGelekJinpa.html])
Bhushan, N. + (Nalini Bhushan's research addresses questi … Nalini Bhushan's research addresses questions in the philosophy of mind and language, aesthetics, the philosophy of science, and 19th- and 20th-century Indian philosophy.Bhushan is co-editor of Of Minds and Molecules: New Essays in the Philosophy of Chemistry (Oxford University Press, 2000) and author of several articles in that field. She has also published articles in aesthetics and the philosophy of mind and language.Bhushan is currently at work on several projects, including a recently completed book on the history of Indian philosophy in the 19th and 20th century (Minds Without Fear: Philosophy in the Indian Renaissance, Oxford University Press, 2017); several essays on topics such as conceptions of suffering and evil in Colonial India; reworkings of scientific concepts, such as causality in Indian modernity; philosophical ideas in the work of American modernist novelist Willa Cather; and the work of modern Indian artist Amrita Sher-Gil.She teaches courses on Nietzsche, aesthetics, the philosophy of language, mind and science, cosmopolitanism and Indian philosophy. In addition to being a faculty member of the philosophy department, she is a member of the South Asia Concentration at Smith. ([https://www.smith.edu/academics/faculty/nalini-bhushan Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023])ini-bhushan Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023]))
Lethcoe, N. + (Nancy Jane Ramey (born June 29, 1940), lat … Nancy Jane Ramey (born June 29, 1940), later known by her married name Nancy Lethcoe, is an American former competition swimmer, 1956 Olympic medalist, and former world record-holder in two events. After the Olympics, Ramey earned her doctorate and became a college instructor, environmental activist and political candidate. She and her husband Jim Lethcoe founded Prince William Sound Books. She authored books about Prince William Sound: ''Valdez Gold Rush Trails of 1898-99'', ''History of Prince William Sound'', 'Cruising Guide to Prince William Sound'', and ''Habitats of Change''.Ramey was born in Seattle and grew up on Mercer Island, Washington. At time of the 1956 Olympics, she was a student at Mercer Island High School.As a 16-year-old, Ramey represented the United States at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia, where she won a silver medal in the 100 meter butterfly event. In 1958 she set two world records in the 100 m and one in the 200 m butterfly; the same year she won five American and one Canadian national title. In 1959 she won a silver medal in the 100 m butterfly at the Pan American Games.Later Ramey graduated from the University of Washington and earned M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Wisconsin. In the 1970s she worked as an assistant professor of religious studies at Stanford University. After that she organized Alaskan wilderness safaris, together with her husband Jim Lethcoe. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Ramey Source Accessed July 24, 2023])ancy_Ramey Source Accessed July 24, 2023]))
Nanyue Huisi + (Nanyue Huisi. (J. Nangaku Eshi; K. Namak H … Nanyue Huisi. (J. Nangaku Eshi; K. Namak Hyesa 南嶽慧思) (515-577). Chinese monk in the Tiantai school and teacher of Tiantai Zhiyi (538-597); also known as Great Master Nanyue and Great Master Si. Huisi was a native of Yuzhou in present-day Anhui province. According to his biography in the Liang-era Gaoseng zhuan, Huisi was obsessed with the prospect of death in his youth and assiduously pursued a means of attaining immortality. Studying with his teacher Huiwen (d.u.), about whom next to nothing is known, Huisi is said to have learned a meditative technique based on Nāgārjuna's premise of the identity of emptiness, provisionality, and their mean (see sandi), which he later taught to his own students. Monks who disagreed with his teachings tried to poison him, so Huisi left northern China for the south, but his popularity there prompted jealous monks to brand him a spy. This charge was rejected by the Chen-dynasty emperor, and Huisi continued to teach in the south, where he attracted many students, including the renowned Tiantai Zhiyi. Huisi's meditative teachings on the suiziyi sanmei ("cultivating samādhi wherever mind is directed," or "the samādhi of freely flowing thoughts") were recorded in Zhiyi's ''Mohe Zhiguan''. In this type of meditation, the adept is taught to use any and all experiences, whether mental or physical, whether wholesome or unwholesome, as grist for the mill of cultivating samādhi. Huisi is credited with the compilation of several treatises, such as the ''Dasheng zhiguan'', ''Cidi chanyao'', ''Fahua jing anle xingyi'', and others. (Source: "Nanyue Huisi." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 573. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Rich, N. + (Nathaniel Rich earned his Ph.D. at UCSB with an academic focus on the intellectual and institutional history of the Nyingma tradition of Tibetan Buddhism. He is currently an editor for 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha.)
Lambert, N. + (Neal Elwood Lambert (born 1934) is an emer … Neal Elwood Lambert (born 1934) is an emeritus professor of English and American Studies at Brigham Young University (BYU). His most notable work was ''A Believing People: Literature of Latter-day Saints'' an anthology co-edited with Richard Cracroft.Neal Lambert was born in Fillmore, Utah to Elwood Delyle Lambert and his wife the former Libbie Utley.Lambert earned a bachelor's degree and a Ph.D., the later in American Studies, both from the University of Utah. His doctoral dissertation was on the western writing of Owen Wister.Lambert began his career as a professor at what is now Weber State University. He joined the BYU faculty in 1966.For a time Lambert served as the chair of the BYU Faculty Advisory Council, which fulfills some of the roles faculty senates serve at other universities. He also in the early 1970s served as the faculty advisor to the BYU bookstore, working to increase the purchasing of scholarly works by the bookstore and the use of the bookstore by the faculty.Lambert also served as the chair of BYU's American Studies Program, chair of the BYU English Department (1991-1994) and Associate Academic Vice President for graduate studies and research from 1982-1985. From 1987 until 1990 Lambert was president of the North Carolina Raleigh Mission of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.In 1991 Lambert became department chair of the BYU English Department. During his tenure BYU faced debates over the extent of dissent allowed by faculty from LDS teachings, many of white focused on members of the English Department. Lambert was succeeded as department chair by C. Jay Fox in 1995. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neal_E._Lambert Source Accessed July 26, 2023])E._Lambert Source Accessed July 26, 2023]))
Berdyaev, N. + (Nikolai Alexandrovich Berdyaev (/bərˈdjɑːj … Nikolai Alexandrovich Berdyaev (/bərˈdjɑːjɛf, -jɛv/; Russian: Никола́й Алекса́ндрович Бердя́ев; 18 March [O.S. 6 March] 1874 – 24 March 1948) was a Russian philosopher, theologian, and Christian existentialist who emphasized the existential spiritual significance of human freedom and the human person. Alternative historical spellings of his surname in English include "Berdiaev" and "Berdiaeff", and of his given name "Nicolas" and "Nicholas". Russian paleontologist and Christian apologist Alexander V. Khramov (Borissiak Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ph.D. from Moscow University) attributes his ideas about an atemporal human fall to Berdyaev and Evgenii Nikolaevitch Troubetzkoy. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolai_Berdyaev Source Accessed June 1, 2023])ai_Berdyaev Source Accessed June 1, 2023]))
Ducor, J. + (Né et vivant à Genève, Jérôme Ducor s'est … Né et vivant à Genève, Jérôme Ducor s'est initié aux études bouddhiques à l'Université de Lausanne, avant de poursuivre par une licence en histoire des religions et un doctorat en japonologie à l'Université de Genève. Il s'est spécialisé dans le bouddhisme japonais, notamment à l'Université Ryukoku (Kyoto), où il est chercheur invité permanent du Bukkyô-bunka-kenkyûsho.En outre, il a reçu l'ordination et la maîtrise de l'école bouddhique Jodo-Shinshu, au Hompa-Honganji (Kyôto). Il est actuellement le résident du temple Shingyoji de Genève.De 1992 à 1993, il a enseigné les religions extrême-orientales à l'Université McGill (Montréal). Privat-docent à la section de langues et civilisations orientales de l'Université de Lausanne (UNIL) depuis 1993, il est le conservateur du département Asie du Musée d'ethnographie de la Ville de Genève (MEG) depuis 1995. [http://www.pitaka.ch/ducbio.htm Source]Born and living in Geneva, Jerome Ducor studied Buddhism at Lausanne University. He graduated thereafter in religious studies and passed his doctorate in japonology at Geneva University. He specialized in japanese Buddhism at Ryukoku University and received ordination and master in the Jodo-Shinshu school of Buddhism at Hompa-Honganji (Kyoto). He presently acts as the resident minister at Shingyoji temple in Geneva.From 1992 to 1993 he has been teaching East-Asian religions at McGill University (Montreal).Teaching as a privat-docent at the Department of Oriental Languages and Civilizations of Lausanne University since 1993, he is the curator of the Asia Department of Geneva's Ethnographic Museum since 1995.f Geneva's Ethnographic Museum since 1995.)
Czaja, O. + (Olaf Czaja studied Tibetan, Indian and Mon … Olaf Czaja studied Tibetan, Indian and Mongolian studies as well as history of art at the universities of Leipzig, Bonn and Kathmandu. He submitted his PhD thesis about the Phag mo ru pa ruling house in medieval Tibet at Leipzig University in 2007. His research interests are Tibetan history, art, and medicine. He is currently research fellow in the project Katalogisierung der Orientalischen Handschriften in Deutschland (KOHD, Union Catalogue of Oriental Manuscripts in Germany) at Göttingen Academy of Sciences. ([https://www.iaaw.hu-berlin.de/en/region/centralasia/03-05-tibet-himalaya-lecture-series-mantras-and-rituals-in-tibetan-medicine Source Accessed Feb 24, 2023])an-medicine Source Accessed Feb 24, 2023]))
Ngawang, T. + (Originally from Florida, Venerable Thubten … Originally from Florida, Venerable Thubten Ngawang met the Dharma in 2012 when a friend gave him Venerable Chodron’s book, Open Heart, Clear Mind. After exploring Buddhism online for awhile, he began to attend talks at Drepung Loseling Monastery’s Center for Tibetan Studies in Atlanta, where he took refuge.He first visited the Abbey in 2014 and then spent extensive time here in 2015 and 2016. After about six months of training as an anagarika, he decided to remain as a lay person to reassess his spiritual aspirations and moved to Spokane in early 2017.During his time in Spokane, Ven. Ngawang worked at a non-profit in the affordable housing industry, facilitated classes on Nonviolent Communication at the local prison, and attended the weekly meditation class offered by Abbey monastics at the Unitarian Universalist Church. Coming up to the Abbey frequently to attend retreats and offer service sustained and increased his Dharma practice.In 2020, with the pandemic interrupting many of these activities, Ven. Ngawang moved to Tara’s Refuge, a small house on the Abbey property, to focus more on Dharma. This situation proved very supportive and eventually led to him moving up to the Abbey in the summer of 2021.After reflecting on the distractions of lay life and the disadvantages of following attachment, Ven. Ngawang resumed anagarika training in August, 2021. With more confidence in his ability to work with afflictions, and recognition of his improved ability to live happily in community, he requested ordination ten months later. He was ordained as a sramanera (novice monk) in September 2022.Currently, Ven. Ngawang is a part of the Abbey’s prison program; facilitates SAFE and offering service; supports the grounds team and utilizes his architectural design background where needed. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/community-member/venerable-thubten-ngawang/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023])en-ngawang/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023]))
Strauss, O. + (Otto Strauss (b. Berlin 18.10.1881 — d. Bl … Otto Strauss (b. Berlin 18.10.1881 — d. Bloemendaal, Netherlands 20.10.1940) was a German Indologist and a Professor in Breslau. The son of a banker, he studied Indology, philosophy, and art history at Munich, Berlin and especially Kiel (Oldenberg, Deussen). From Deussen, he developed an interest in Indian philosophy. He received his Ph.D. in 1905 at Kiel (under Oldenberg). From 1913 he was Professor of Comparative Philology at University of Calcutta. In 1915-20, he interned in Ahmednagar (and studied Russian). In 1920 he resumed his docentship at Kiel . . . In 1928 he succeeded Liebich as ord. Professor at Breslau. As a Jew, he was forced to resign in 1935. He lived some time in Berlin, then at his friends in Bloemendaal, Netherlands, and died there of angina pectoris.Strauss was an important pioneer of Indian philosophy in Germany. While Deussen still had few texts and mixed Western ideas in his interpretation of them, Strauss applied strict philological methods to the sources. His greatest interest was in the Mīmāṁsā school. He also worked on Sanskrit grammar. Among his students were K. Marschner, E. Pax, and W. Liebenthal. ([https://whowaswho-indology.info/5929/strauss-otto/ Adapted from Source Jan 19, 2024])s-otto/ Adapted from Source Jan 19, 2024]))
Cordier, P. + (Palmyr Uldéric Alexis Cordier (1871–1914) … Palmyr Uldéric Alexis Cordier (1871–1914) was a French physician and Indologist and an early specialist of the Āyurveda. Born in a modest family, he was educated in Besançon. He studied medicine in Toulon and Bordeaux, at Marine medical school. He became friends with Liétard and began the study of Sanskrit. Cordier obtained a good command of Sanskrit and, in order to read medical works lost in the original, learned also Tibetan. ([https://whowaswho-indology.info/1361/cordier-palmyr-ulderic-alexis/?print=print Adapted from Source Dec 19, 2023])t=print Adapted from Source Dec 19, 2023]))
Mohan, P. + (Pankaj Mohan is Emeritus Faculty at The Au … Pankaj Mohan is Emeritus Faculty at The Australian National University. He is a former Senior Fellow at Korea Foundation 한국국제교류재단. He studied East Asian history at Peking University Beijing, attending from 1992 to 1993. ([https://www.facebook.com/pankajnmohan/about Source Accesed Aug 2, 2023])jnmohan/about Source Accesed Aug 2, 2023]))
Wangdu, Pasang + (Pasang Wangdu is Professor of Tibetan Hist … Pasang Wangdu is Professor of Tibetan History at the Tibetan Academy of Social Sciences in Lhasa, and concurrently the Director of the Academy's Nationalities Research Institute. He is the author of numerous works on Tibetan history including the recent translation(with Hildegard Diemberger) of the ''Dba' bzhed''. (Source: ''Territory and Identity in Tibet and the Himalayas'', 350)dentity in Tibet and the Himalayas'', 350))
Dpal sprul nam mkha' 'jigs med + (Patrul Rinpoche's reincarnation, Patrul Na … Patrul Rinpoche's reincarnation, Patrul Namkha Jigme (dpal sprul nam mkha' 'jigs med, 1888–1960), who was the seventh son of the renowned treasure revealer Dudjom Lingpa (bdud 'joms gling pa, 1835–1904), was Kunzang Wangmo's father. He was also know as Padma Khalong Yangpa Tsal and Tulku Namkha Jikmé. (Source: [https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Kunzang-Wangmo/13819 Treasury of Lives]). Patrul Namkha Jikmé’s two main teachers were his father Dudjom Lingpa, and Khenpo Kunpal. He revealed nine volumes of terma, and constructed a shedra at Dza Pukhung Gön and a Zabchö Shitro Gongpa Rangdrol drupdra at Dzagyal Monastery. His main dharma heir was his own daughter, Khandroma Kunzang Wangmo, a great-daughter of Dudjom Lingpa. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Patrul_Namkha_Jikm%C3%A9 Rigpa Wiki])itle=Patrul_Namkha_Jikm%C3%A9 Rigpa Wiki]))
Pelliot, P. + (Paul Eugène Pelliot (28 May 1878 – 26 Octo … Paul Eugène Pelliot (28 May 1878 – 26 October 1945) was a French Sinologist and Orientalist best known for his explorations of Central Asia and his discovery of many important Chinese texts such as the Dunhuang manuscripts. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Pelliot Source Accessed Jan 25, 2024])aul_Pelliot Source Accessed Jan 25, 2024]))
Waldau, P. + (Paul Francis Waldau (born January 16, 1950 … Paul Francis Waldau (born January 16, 1950) is an American ethicist and former professor at Canisius College in Buffalo, New York, where he headed the graduate program on anthrozoology, which he founded. He has several times served as Barker Lecturer in animal law at Harvard Law School, and is the author of a number of books on animal rights and speciesism. Waldau has also served as the legal director of the Great Ape Project, which campaigns for rights for chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans. He has served as President of the Religion and Animals Institute since 2003. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Waldau Source Accessed June 16, 2023])aul_Waldau Source Accessed June 16, 2023]))
Gyatso, Pema + (Pema Gyatso is a graduate from the Tibetan … Pema Gyatso is a graduate from the Tibetan Language Department of Tibet University andhas studied under many great masters. He presently works as a researcher of Tibetan language and culture at the Tibetan Academy of Social Science, Lhasa. (Source: ''The Six Brothers'', 2007)hasa. (Source: ''The Six Brothers'', 2007))
Foucaux, P. + (Philippe Édouard Foucaux (15 September 181 … Philippe Édouard Foucaux (15 September 1811 – 20 May 1894) was a French tibetologist. He published the first Tibetan grammar in French and occupied the first chair of Tibetan Studies in Europe.He was born in the town of Angers on 15 September to [a] merchant family. At the age of 27, he left for Paris to study Indology with Eugène Burnouf. After becoming aware of the work of Sándor Kőrösi Csoma, he studied Tibetan by himself for two years. After this he was appointed as a Tibetan teacher at the École des langues orientales where he gave his inaugural lecture on January 31, 1842. Funding for the position was canceled but Foucaux continued to instruct his students thereafter on a pro bono basis. Some of his most well-known students include Léon Feer [fr], William Woodville Rockhill, and Alexandra David-Néel.Foucaux was a member of the Sociéte d'Ethnographie. After France became the Second Empire, Foucaux was elected as a member of the Collège de France. Foucaux was married to Mary Summer, born Marie Filon, who also did work as a buddhologist. He was a corresponding member of the American Oriental Society from 1865. A number of Sanskrit, Tibetan, and Chinese manuscripts and printed books from his library were acquired by the National Library of France and are preserved there. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippe_%C3%89douard_Foucaux Source Accessed July 29, 2021])rd_Foucaux Source Accessed July 29, 2021]))
Bollée, W. + (Prof. Bollée had a long-standing relations … Prof. Bollée had a long-standing relationship with the South Asia Institute of the University of Heidelberg, where he habilitated in 1977 under Prof. Berger (studies on Sūyagaḍa 1977, Steiner, Wiesbaden) and taught for over two decades (1975-1997). During this time he also represented Prof. Sontheimer and Prof. Berger.His teaching and research focused on Jainism and early Buddhism, with a special interest in Central Indian texts that had not yet been translated. In search of such texts, he also repeatedly went on research trips to South and Southeast Asia, for example to (present-day) Myanmar and Thailand in the early 1960s. He was happy to share this rich wealth of experience with his students in order to awaken their enthusiasm for South and Southeast Asian cultures and religions, in addition to providing a sound philological education.Beginning with his dissertation on Ṣaḍviṃśa-brāhmaṇa (Utrecht, 1956), Prof. Bollée published numerous editions, translations, and indexes, including ''Vyavahāra bhāṣya pīṭhikā'' (2006, Hindi Granth Karyalay, Mumbai), Samantabhadra Deva's ''Ratnakaraṇḍaka Śrāvakācāra'' (2010, Sundara Prakashana, Bangalore) and ''A Cultural Encyclopaedia of the Kathāsaritsāgara in Keywords'' (2015, Universitätsverlag Halle-Wittenberg).As a tireless academic, Prof. Bollée was scientifically active until the last day. Two of his works: ''Stylistic Repetition in Bāṇaʼs Harṣacaritam and Kādambarī'' (Feb. 2020) and the revised 2nd edition of his monograph ''Gone to the Dogs in Ancient India'' (Mar. 2020) are published this year by CrossAsia-Repository . . . Prof. Dr. Willem Bollée received the prestigious Acārya Hemacandra Sūrī Award in recognition of his achievements and merits in the field of Jainism (2004) and [the] Prakrit Jñānabhāratī International Award (2005). ([https://www.herenow4u.net/index.php?id=158094 Source Accessed July 24, 2023])?id=158094 Source Accessed July 24, 2023]))
Reynolds, C. + (Professor Craig J. Reynolds is a historian … Professor Craig J. Reynolds is a historian of Southeast Asia, particularly the mainland countries. His PhD and MA students have written on Burma, Japan, Laos, Malaya, Thailand and Vietnam. Many of these students have returned to teach and work in the countries of their birth.Craig first encountered Asia as a Peace Corps volunteer in Thailand where he taught English from 1963-1965 in the southern provincial town of Krabi. His current research on the legendary policeman from Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khun Phantharakratchadet, has taken him back to southern Thailand. ([https://anu-au.academia.edu/CraigReynolds Source Accessed July 20, 2023])igReynolds Source Accessed July 20, 2023]))
King, W. + (Professor Emeritus of Vanderbilt Universit … Professor Emeritus of Vanderbilt University, having also taught at Grinnell and Oberlin Colleges and Colorado State University in the history of religions, specializing in Buddhism. His books include In the ''Hope of Nibbana'', ''A Thousand Lives Away'', ''Death was His Kōan'', and ''Zen and the Way of the Sword''.n'', and ''Zen and the Way of the Sword''.)
Ping-chen, H. + (Professor Hsiung Ping-chen received her Ph … Professor Hsiung Ping-chen received her Ph.D. in History from Brown University and her S.M. in Population Studies and International Health from Harvard University. She is Professor of History and Director of the Taiwan Research Centre at The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Her main research interest lies in the area of women’s and children’s health. Her works included ''A Tender Voyage: Children and Childhood in Late Imperial China'', ''Childhood in the Past: A History of Chinese Children'' and ''Ill or Well: Diseases and Health of Young Children in Late Imperial China''.She is a visiting fellow at the Global and Transregional Studies Platform at the University of Göttingen. ([https://www.cemeas.de/meet-our-researchers-prof-hsiung-ping-chen/ Source Accessed June 19, 2023])ping-chen/ Source Accessed June 19, 2023]))
Lynn, R. + (Professor Lynn has held positions at unive … Professor Lynn has held positions at universities in New Zealand, Australia, U.S.A. and Canada. In 1999, he was appointed as a full-time Professor of Chinese Thought and Literature at the University of Toronto until retiring in 2005. He has more than 100 book sections, journal articles, and reviews published on pre-modern Chinese poetry and poetics, literati culture, intellectual history and the visual arts. He is currently working on the translation and study of the Daoist classic, ''Zhuangzi'', with commentary of Guo Xiang (Columbia University Press, 2020), and a study of Huang Zunxian’s literary experiences in Japan (1877– 82). ([https://www.eas.utoronto.ca/people/directories/all-faculty/richard-john-lynn Source Accesed July 14, 2023])d-john-lynn Source Accesed July 14, 2023]))
Badham, P. + (Professor Paul Badham has been Head of the … Professor Paul Badham has been Head of the Department of Theology and Religious Studies at University of Wales Lampeter since 1991. He was born in 1942 and educated at Jesus College Oxford (traditional Christian Theology); at Jesus College Cambridge (Modern Religious Thought); and at Westcott House (Anglican Ministry). He then went to Birmingham and for five years worked as a Curate while simultaneously writing a PhD under John Hick. Since 1973 he has been at Lampeter where he has gradually moved from Lecturer to Senior Lecturer to Reader and finally to Professor and Dean.On his arrival at Lampeter he joined five other Anglican clergymen in a very traditional Department of Theology. One of his main concerns has been to transform the Department into a vibrant centre for the study of all world religions, with a particular emphasis on religion in the contemporary world and with an emphasis on the possibility of studying each religion from within. The Department now consists of 18 full-time and 12 part-time staff across the whole area of Religious Life and Thought, with specialists in each of the major faiths and with all disciplines of Religious Studies included.Exploration of the arguments for and against belief in a life after death has been one of Paul Badham’s main academic concerns. This led to his books ''Christian Beliefs about Life after Death and Immortality or Extinction? as well as to his edited collections Death and Immortality in the Religions of the World''; ''Perspectives on Death and Dying''; ''Ethics on the Frontiers of Human Existence and Facing Death''. He has for many years directed a unique MA programme on Death and Immortality, taught jointly with the Philosophy Department at Lampeter, and he has always had a succession of research students working in this area from all over the world. He has contributed to seven television documentaries on the Near-death experience and is currently preparing for a major international conference on this in Washington.Paul Badham is also deeply interested in issues of Modern Theology and Inter-faith Dialogue, and has contributed to a series of books in this area arising from Conferences in Claremont as well as his edited ''John Hick Reader''. He has also written a series of bilingual (England and Japanese) publications with Professor Daigan Lee Matsunaga on ''Near-Death Experiences, Interfaith Dialogue and Christian Beliefs About God and Christ in Relation to True Pure Land Buddhism'' (published in Japanese as Christianity for Buddhists). He is currently working on a Centenary volume for the Modern Church People’s Union on ''The Contemporary Challenge of Modernist Theology''.Paul Badham’s other concern is the relationship between Religion and Politics. This has led to his edited work ''Religion, State and Society in Modern Britain'' and to an ongoing project with Vladislav Arzenukhin on ''Religion and Change in Eastern Europe''. This concern also helped to establish an MA degree on ''Religion Politics and International Relations'', jointly taught by the Department of Theology and Religious Studies at Lampeter and by the Department of International Politics at Aberystwyth. ([https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/96773532.pdf Source Accessed Feb 14, 2023])6773532.pdf Source Accessed Feb 14, 2023]))
Baker, D. + (Professor in Korean History and Civilizati … Professor in Korean History and CivilizationHe received his Ph.D. in Korean history from the University of Washington and has taught at UBC since 1987. He teaches undergraduate and graduate courses on Korean history and thought (religion, philosophy, and pre-modern science). In addition, he teaches a graduate seminar on the reproduction of historical trauma in Asia, in which he leads graduate students in an examination of how traumatic events in Asia in the 20th century, such as the Korean and Vietnam Wars, the bombing of Hiroshima, partition of India, China’s Cultural Revolution, and the killing fields of Cambodia have been reproduced in eyewitness accounts, historiography, fiction, and film.He was a co-editor of the Sourcebook of Korean Civilization and editor of Critical Readings on Korean Christianity. He is also the author of Chosŏn hugi yugyo wa ch’ǒnjugyo ŭi taerip (The Confucian confrontation with Catholicism in the latter half of the Joseon dynasty), published by Iljogak in 1997, Korean Spirituality (University of Hawaii Press, 2008), and Catholics and Anti-Catholicism in Chosŏn Korea (University of Hawaii Press, 2017). He will soon publish How to be Moral, an annotated translation of a commentary by Tasan Chŏng Yagyong on the Zhongyong. ([https://asia.ubc.ca/profile/donald-baker/ Source Accessed Aug 2, 2023])onald-baker/ Source Accessed Aug 2, 2023]))
Collcutt, M. + (Professor of History and East Asian Studie … Professor of History and East Asian Studies, teaches Japanese intellectual and cultural history. His interests include the history of Buddhism in Japanese society, Medieval society and economy, and Japan's relations with China and the West. Professor Collcutt completed an English translation of Kume Kunitake's record of the Iwakura Embassy's visit to the United States in 1872. He is working on a companion volume to be entitled ''The Iwakura Embassy in the United States: An Inner History''. He is translating "Dialogues in Dreams" by the fourteenth century Zen master Muso Kokushi and editing a collection of papers on Medieval and Early Modern social history. His regular undergraduate classes include "History of East Asian to 1800" taught with Professor Peterson, "The World of the Tale of Heike: an Introduction to Medieval Japanese Society", and "Ideas and Images in Japanese Culture." ([https://eas.princeton.edu/people/martin-collcutt Source Accessed June 14, 2023])n-collcutt Source Accessed June 14, 2023]))
Thub bstan bshad sgrub rgya mtsho + (Rago Choktrul Tupten Shedrup Gyatso (Wyl. … Rago Choktrul Tupten Shedrup Gyatso (Wyl. ''rag mgo mchog sprul thub bstan bshad sgrub rgya mtsho'') (1879–1972) — a prolific author of the Palyul tradition.<h5>Texts</h5>Vines of Amṛta: A Prayer to the Lineage of the Bodhicaryāvatāra (''spyod 'jug brgyud pa'i gsol 'debs bdud rtsi'i 'khri shing''). English translation: [https://www.lotsawahouse.org/tibetan-masters/rago-choktrul-tupten-shedrup-gyatso/bodhicaryavatara-lineage-prayer Vines of Amṛta: A Prayer to the Lineage of the Bodhicaryāvatāra], translated by Adam Pearcey, 2019.The Short Commentary on the Tantra of Twenty-one Homages to Tara called The Treasure Vase of Benefit and Happiness (''sgrol ma phyag 'tshal nyer gcig rgyud kyi 'grel chung phan bde'i gter bum mchog sbyin''). English translation: [https://www.tibetanbuddhistaltar.org/tag/21-homages-to-tara/ The Short Commentary on the Twenty-One Homages to Tara called The Treasure Vase of Benefit and Happiness], translated by Khenpo Tenzin Norgey, 2004.Lute of Lotus Flowers: A Concise Fulfillment for the Female Practice of the Queen of Great Bliss, from the Heart Essence of the Vast Expanse ([https://library.bdrc.io/show/bdr:MW21957 ''klong chen snying gi thig le las/ yum bka' bde chen rgyal mo'i skong bsdus pad+ma'i rgyud mangs'']) ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Rago_Choktrul_Tupten_Shedrup_Gyatso Source Accessed Feb 9 2023])rul_Tupten_Shedrup_Gyatso Source Accessed Feb 9 2023]))
Ibana, R. + (Rainier Ibana teaches Ethics, Environmenta … Rainier Ibana teaches Ethics, Environmental Ethics, Social Philosophy and Philosophy of Education at Ateneo de Manila University. He chairs COMEST’s Environmental Ethics Committee and served as Coordinator for the Asia-Pacific Section of UNESCO’s South-south Philosophical Dialogue. He is also President of the Asia-Pacific Philosophy Education Network for Democracy and Vice President of the Philosophy with Children and Youth Network for Asia-Pacific. ([https://transformationstosustainability.org/people/dr-rainier-ibana/ Source Accessed June 1, 2023])nier-ibana/ Source Accessed June 1, 2023]))
Steineck, R. + (Raji C. Steineck, Ph.D. (1999), Bonn Unive … Raji C. Steineck, Ph.D. (1999), Bonn University, is Professor of Japanology at the University of Zurich. He has published extensively on Japanese intellectual history and philosophy and pursues a long-term project on the ''Critique of Symbolic Forms'' (Frommann-Holzboog 2014, 2017). ([https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/32218?contents=editorial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023])ial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023]))
Rak ra thub bstan chos dar + (Rakra Rinpoche (Rakra Thubten Choedar) was … Rakra Rinpoche (Rakra Thubten Choedar) was born in 1925 (Fire Ox Year) to Gyurme Gyatso Tethong, then Governor of Derge (Derge chikyap) and Dolma Tsering nee Rong Dikyiling (d/o Dikyiling Sawang Tsering Rabten). The boy was named Rigzin Namgyal by Khenchen Ngawang Samten Lodroe (1868-1931) of the Great Monastery of Derge. At the age of two he was recognized as the 6th Rakra incarnate of Pakshoe monastery in Kham. His father was initially against having his child become a lama, but after the 13th Dalai Lama himself recognized the incarnation, Gyurme Gyatso had to give up his son. His Holiness named the boy Rakra Thubten Choedar.Rakra was first schooled at Pakshoe monastery, but from 1935 he started his formal education at Drepung monastery, specifically Gomang college, Ghungru khamtsen (fraternity). He was a bright child and a fast learner. He was also very lucky to have as his principal teacher a geshe (doctor of divinity) who combined profound erudition with an unusual liberal disposition. This geshe seemed to have left a deep impression on the young Rakra. ([https://tibetanwhoswho.wordpress.com/2018/12/09/rakra-rinpoche/ Source Accessed Feb 10, 2023])a-rinpoche/ Source Accessed Feb 10, 2023]))
Weber, R. + (Ralph Weber, Ph.D. (2007), University of S … Ralph Weber, Ph.D. (2007), University of St. Gallen, is Assistant Professor for European Global Studies at the University of Basel. His publications focus on Chinese and comparative philosophy as well as methodological and conceptual aspects of translinguistic and transcultural research. ([https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/32218?contents=editorial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023])ial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023]))
Martin, Raymond + (Raymond Martin is Dwane W. Crichton Profes … Raymond Martin is Dwane W. Crichton Professor of Philosophy and chair of the Department of Philosophy at Union College in Schenectady, New York. Formerly, he taught at the University of Maryland, College Park. His publications on the self and personal identity include ''Self-Concern: An Experiential Approach to What Matters in Survival'' (1998), and "What Really Matters" (''Synthese'', 2008). He is also co-author (with John Barresi) of ''Naturalization of the Soul: Self and Personal Identity in the Eighteenth Century'' (2000) and ''The Rise and Fall of Soul and Self: An Intellectual History of Personal Identity'' (2006). (Source: ''Pointing at the Moon'')(2006). (Source: ''Pointing at the Moon''))
Cardenas, K. + (Reverend Konin Cardenas, also known as Ven … Reverend Konin Cardenas, also known as Ven. Dhammadipa, started the practice of Zen in 1987 and was ordained as a nun in 2007. She has trained at Hosshinji in Japan, at Tassajara Zen Mountain Center, and at the Zen Center in San Francisco. She received Dharma Transmission in the Shunryu Suzuki lineage. Ven. Dhammadipa serves as the Principal Teacher of Ekan Zen Studies Center, a virtual sangha. She currently resides in Aloka Vihara Monastery of the Forest, a Theravada training center for nuns.Konin Cardenas, también conocida como Ven. Dhammadipa, comenzó la práctica del Zen en 1987 y fue ordenada en 2007. Entrenó en el Templo Hosshinji en Japón, en el monasterio Zen de Tassajara y en el Centro Zen de San Francisco. Recibió la transmisión del Dharma en el linaje Shunryu Suzuki. Sirve como Maestra Principal de Ekan Centro de Estudios Zen, una Sangha virtual, y actualmente reside en Aloka Vihara Monasterio del Bosque, un centro de entrenamiento Theravada para monjas Budistas. ([https://www.sfzc.org/teachers/ven-dhammadipa-konin-cardenas Source Accessed April 25, 2024])-cardenas Source Accessed April 25, 2024]))
Barron, R. + (Richard Barron is a Canadian-born translat … Richard Barron is a Canadian-born translator who specializes in the writings of Longchenpa. He has served as an interpreter for many lamas from all four schools of Tibetan Buddhism, including his first teacher, Kalu Rinpoche. He completed a traditional three-year retreat at Kagyu Ling in France and later became a close disciple of the late Chagdud Tulku Rinpoche. He was engaged in a long-term project to translate ''The Seven Treasuries'' of Longchenpa.His other translations include ''Buddhahood Without Meditation'', ''The Autobiography of Jamgön Kongtrul: A Gem of Many Colors'', and ''A Marvelous Garland of Rare Gems: Biographies of Masters of Awareness in the Dzogchen Lineage'' by Nyoshul Khen Rinpoche. ''The Autobiography of Jamgön Kongtrul'' was his first translation in the Tsadra Foundation Series published by Snow Lion Publications.eries published by Snow Lion Publications.)
Beer, R. + (Robert Beer has studied and practiced Tibe … Robert Beer has studied and practiced Tibetan thangka painting for thirty years, including five years of study with master artists Jampa of Dharamsala and Khamtrül Rinpoche of Tashijong. Beer is one of the first Westerners to become actively involved in this art form. Over the last two decades he has concentrated on an extensive series of iconographical drawings depicting the major deities, lineage holders, and symbols that occur in the spectrum of Tibetan art. (Source: [https://www.shambhala.com/the-encyclopedia-of-tibetan-symbols-and-motifs.html Shanbhala Publications])s-and-motifs.html Shanbhala Publications]))
Goldman, R. + (Robert Goldman is the William and Catherin … Robert Goldman is the William and Catherine Magistretti Distinguished Professor of Sanskrit and India Studies. He completed his doctoral studies at the University of Pennsylvania in 1971 and has taught and held fellowships and several academic institutions around the world, including the University of Rochester, Oxford University, Jadavpur University and Jawaharlal Nehru University. His areas of scholarly interest include Sanskrit literature and literary theory, Indian Epic Studies, and psychoanalytically oriented cultural studies. He has published widely in these areas, authoring several books and dozens of scholarly articles. He is perhaps best known for his work as the Director, General Editor, and a principal translator of a massive and fully annotated Princeton University Press translation of the critical edition of the ''Valmiki Ramayana'', perhaps the single most widely copied and massively influential text on the religions, literatures, societies politics and general cultures of the entire region of South and Southeast Asia from antiquity to the modern world. His work has been recognized by several awards, fellowships and prizes including election as a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1966), Citation and Award for Distinguished Teaching at the University of California at Berkeley (1974), Honorary Fellowship at Calcutta Sanskrit College (1992), Honorary Degree of "Vidyāsāgara" ("Ocean of Learning") by the Mandākinī Saṃskṛta Vidvat Pariṣad, New Delhi (1997), President’s Certificate of Honour for Sanskrit (International) (2013), Excellence in Teaching Award presented by the Phi Beta Kappa Northern California Association (2016), the World Sanskrit Award 2017 presented by the Indian Council for Cultural Relations, (2017) and the A.K. Ramanujan Translation Prize by the Association of Asian Studies (with Sally Sutherland Goldman) (2020). ([https://sseas.berkeley.edu/people/robert-p-goldman/ Source Accessed Feb 7, 2023])t-p-goldman/ Source Accessed Feb 7, 2023]))
Gassmann, R. + (Robert H. Gassmann is Professor emeritus o … Robert H. Gassmann is Professor emeritus of Sinology at Zurich University (Switzerland). He presided the Swiss Asia Society and was chief-editor of the quarterly ''Asiatische Studien/Etudes Asiatiques''. His fields of interest were language, history, and thought of Early China. ([https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/32218?contents=editorial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023])ial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023]))
Whitfield, R. + (Roderick Whitfield is professor of Chinese and East Asian art and head of the Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art at the University of London.)
Llima, R. + (Roger Espel Llima nació en Barcelona, y es … Roger Espel Llima nació en Barcelona, y estudió matemáticas y lingüística en París y Clermont-Ferrand en Francia. Se formó en idioma tibetano y filosofía budista en el Rigpa Shedra East en Pharping, Nepal desde el año 2007. Ha traducido unos cuantos libros de budismo al español, y también tradujo el Libro tibetano de la vida y de la muerte al catalán. ([https://www.lotsawahouse.org/es/translators/roger-espel-llima/ Source Accessed Feb 9, 2023])espel-llima/ Source Accessed Feb 9, 2023]))
Barraux, R. + (Roland Barraux, born on August 12, 1928 in … Roland Barraux, born on August 12, 1928 in Menotey (Jura), is a French diplomat and writer.<h2>Biography</h2> He served in the Comoros Islands twice from 1954 to 1959 and then from 1967 to 1972 1 . He was French Ambassador to Africa , then to Afghanistan between 1981 and 1985 and finally to Nepal 2 between 1985 and 1990 . A writer, he is notably the author of Histoire des Dalaï-Lamas , a book translated into several languages.<h2>Publications</h2>''From Coral to Volcano: The Story of the Comoros Islands'', 2009 ''History of Nepal: the kingdom of the mountain with three names'', 2007, Éditions L'Harmattan, 2007, (ISBN 2296034918 and 9782296034914) With Andriamampionona Razafindramboa, ''Jean Laborde, a Gascon in Madagascar'', 1805-1878, Komedit, 2004. With Zalmaï Haquani, Sébastien Brabant, Marc Hecker, Paul Presset, Denis Rolland, ''Une vie d'Afghanistan'', L'Harmattan, 2006. ''The Knight of the Bastille: Joseph Arney'', 1762-1802, 2002. ''If I forget you Bamiyan: memories of my mission in Afghanistan 1981-1985'', Bamiyan Editions, 2002. ''History of the Dalai Lamas - Fourteen Reflections on the Lake of Visions'', preface by Dagpo Rinpoche, Albin Michel, 1993; republished in 2002, Albin Michel (ISBN 2226133178) ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Barraux Source Accessed Feb 22, 2023])ichel (ISBN 2226133178) ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Barraux Source Accessed Feb 22, 2023]))
Yoeli-Tlalim, R. + (Ronit Yoeli-Tlalim is Reader in History at … Ronit Yoeli-Tlalim is Reader in History at Goldsmiths, University of London, UK. She is the co-editor of ''Rashid al-Din: Agent and Mediator of Cultural Exchanges in Ilkhanid Iran'' (2013), ''Islam and Tibet: Interactions along the Musk Routes'' (2010) and ''Astro-Medicine: Astrology and Medicine, East and West'' (2008). ([https://www.google.com/search?q=Ronit+Yoeli-Tlalim&oq=Ronit+Yoeli-Tlalim+&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUyBggAEEUYOdIBCDU2NGowajE1qAIAsAIA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Source Accessed Dec 2, 2023])sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 Source Accessed Dec 2, 2023]))
Waldschmidt, R. + (Rose Leonore Marie Waldschmidt (née Ohrlic … Rose Leonore Marie Waldschmidt (née Ohrlich). Berlin 21.5.1895 — 1988. was a German Indologist. She was the daughter of Richard Ohrlich, auditor and tax consultant, and Katharina Herrmann. She was a textile designer and then specialized on the history of South Asian handicrafts. From 1927, she was the wife of Ernst Waldschmidt, whom she survived. In 1932-34 they were together in Sri Lanka and India. Their only son died in WW II. ([https://whowaswho-indology.info/23011/waldschmidt-rose-leonore/?print=print Adapted from Source Jan 30, 2024])t=print Adapted from Source Jan 30, 2024]))
Franke, R. + (Rudolf Otto Franke (born June 24, 1862 in … Rudolf Otto Franke (born June 24, 1862 in Wickerode ; † February 5, 1928 in Königsberg ) was a German Indologist .Franke initially attended elementary school in Questenberg for four years and from there moved to the Latina in Halle, an der Saale , after which, after graduating from high school there, he studied classical , German and Indian philology at the universities of Göttingen and Bonn . In 1885 he received his doctorate in Göttingen and his habilitation in Berlin in 1890. He then became a private lecturer there . In 1896 he accepted the position of associate professor at the University of Königsberg in the field of Sanskrit studies . From 1921 he was a full professor. Franke worked at the Albertina University in Königsberg until 1928. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Otto_Franke Source Accessed Dec 14, 2023])Otto_Franke Source Accessed Dec 14, 2023]))
Read, R. + (Rupert Read is reader in philosophy at the … Rupert Read is reader in philosophy at the University of East Anglia, where he specializes in Wittgenstein, philosophy of the sciences, and environmental and political philosophy. His works include ''Applying Wittgenstein'' (2007) and ''There Is No Such Thing as a Social Science'' (2008). Perhaps his most famous book remains ''The New Wittgenstein'' (2000), an edited collection of essays.'' (2000), an edited collection of essays.)
Gamble, R. + (Ruth is an environmental, cultural and cli … Ruth is an environmental, cultural and climate historian of Tibet, the Himalaya, and Asia. She is writing her third book, a history of the Yarlung Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) River. Her previous books were on the relationship between sacred geography and the reincarnation tradition (Reincarnation in Tibetan Buddhism, OUP 2018) and a biography of the Third Karmapa (Master of Mahamudra, Shambhala 2020). She has also published numerous articles and book chapters on the region’s ecological politics, literatures, and histories. She completed her PhD in Asian Studies at the Australian National University, was a post-doctorate fellow at Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich, and a visiting fellow at Yale University’s School of Forestry & Environmental Studies. Before coming to La Trobe University, she taught Tibetan language studies and Asian Religions at the Australian National University. She was a David Myers Research Fellow at La Trobe and was recently awarded an Australian Research Council DECRA Fellowship to conduct research on the Himalayan Cryosphere. ([https://scholars.latrobe.edu.au/rgamble Source Accessed Oct. 31, 2023])edu.au/rgamble Source Accessed Oct. 31, 2023]))
Conlon, R. + (Ryan Conlon is a doctoral student of Class … Ryan Conlon is a doctoral student of Classical Indology at Hamburg University, where he studies Sanskrit and Tibetan tantric literature. From 2006 to 2019 he studied in Nepal at the Rangjung Yeshe Institute and in the Sangye Yeshe Shedra of Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling Monastery. He has contributed translations to the Dharmachakra Translation Committee, Samye Translations, and the scholarly collective known as the Yakherds.cholarly collective known as the Yakherds.)
Ryōgen + (Ryōgen (良源, 912 – January 31, 985) was the … Ryōgen (良源, 912 – January 31, 985) was the 18th chief abbot of Enryaku-ji in the 10th century. He is considered a restorer of the Tendai school of Mahayana Buddhism, and credited for reviving Enryaku-ji. His supposed role as a precursor of the sōhei, or "warrior monks," is questionable and seems to be a later invention (see Adolphson 2007). Ryōgen was born in the Omi Province in 912, and he began his practice at Mount Hiei in 923, becoming chief abbot in 966. Over the course of the 10th century, there had been a number of disputes between Enryaku-ji and the other temples and shrines of the Kyoto area, many of which were resolved by force. In 970, Ryōgen formed a small army to defend Enryaku-ji and to serve its interests in these disputes. Records are not fully clear on whether this army consisted of hired mercenaries, or, as would be the case later, trained monks. Most likely, this first temple standing army was a mercenary group, separate from the monks, since Ryōgen forbade monks from carrying weapons. In addition to the prohibition on carrying weapons, Ryōgen's monks were subject to a list of 26 articles released by Ryōgen in 970; they were forbidden from covering their faces, inflicting corporal punishment, violently interrupting prayer services, or leaving Mount Hiei during their twelve-year training. In 981 Ryōgen was appointed general administrator, the most important rank in priesthood. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ry%C5%8Dgen Source Accessed June 4, 2020])sed June 4, 2020]))
Bercholz, S. + (Samuel Bercholz is the founder and editor-in-chief of Shambhala Publications.)
Thévoz, S. + (Samuel Thévoz received a Ph.D. in literatu … Samuel Thévoz received a Ph.D. in literature from the University of Lausanne and leads a three-year stand-alone project as an advanced researcher supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. He is the author of ''Un horizon infini: Explorateurs et voyageurs français au Tibet, 1846–1912''. Paris: University Press of Paris-Sorbonne, 2010. He recently edited Marie de Ujfalvy-Bourdon, ''Voyage d’une Parisienne dans l’Himalaya'', Paris: Transboréal, 2014. ([https://heiup.uni-heidelberg.de/journals/index.php/transcultural/article/view/23541 Source Accessed Mar 8, 2023])e/view/23541 Source Accessed Mar 8, 2023]))
Hinzelin, S. + (Sandy Hinzelin has a PhD in philosophy, sh … Sandy Hinzelin has a PhD in philosophy, she has taught Eastern and Western philosophy for several years in the philosophy department of the Blaise Pascal University in Clermont-Ferrand. She has also made numerous trips to India, Nepal and the United States for her research and practice. She is currently a research associate at PHIER (University of Clermont Auvergne). Her thesis "Tous les êtres sont des Bouddhas" was published by Sully Editions (2018). She has also published "Les 12 lois du karma" with Anaka (Jouvence, 2021), and translated into french "Joy of being" and "Time, Space and Knowledge: a new vision of reality" by the Tibetan master Tarthang Tulku.ity" by the Tibetan master Tarthang Tulku.)
Lakshmikara + (Scholar who assisted in producing the first complete translation of the ''Mirror'' in about 1270, collaborating with Shong ston rdo rje rgyal mtshan. ([https://academic.oup.com/book/45656/chapter/398026442 Source Accessed Feb 2, 2024]))
Vermeersch, S. + (Sem Andre Claudine Vermeersch (born 1968 i … Sem Andre Claudine Vermeersch (born 1968 in Blankenberge) is a Belgian academician, editor, author, administrator and professor of Buddhism at Seoul National University.Vermeersch's undergraduate experience at the University of Ghent was followed by further studies at Anhui Normal University in China. In 1992, Vermeersch studied Korean at the Jungsin Cultural Research Center (now The Academy of Korean Studies) in Seoul. His PhD was conferred by the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) at the University of London. His 2001 doctoral thesis was entitled "The Power of Buddha."thesis was entitled "The Power of Buddha.")
Sengzhao + (Sengzhao. (J. Sōjō; K. Sǔngjo 僧肇) (374-414 … Sengzhao. (J. Sōjō; K. Sǔngjo 僧肇) (374-414). Influential early Chinese monk and exegete, whose writings helped to popularize the works of the Madhyamaka school in China. Sengzhao is said to have been born into an impoverished family but was able to support himself by working as a copyist. Thanks to his trade, he was able to read through much of traditional Chinese literature and philosophy, including such Daoist classics as the ''Zhuangzi'' and ''Laozi'', and is said to have resolved to become a monk after reading the ''Vimalakīrtinirdeśa''. He later became a disciple of Kumārajīva and served as the Chinese-language stylistfor Kumārajīva’s translations. After Yao Xing (r. 394-416) of the Latter Qin dynasty (384-417) destroyed the state of Liang in 401, Sengzhao followed his teacher to Chang’an, where he and his colleague Sengrui (352-436) were appointed as two of the main assistants in Kumārajīva’s translation bureau there. YaoXing ordered them to elucidate the scriptures Kumārajīva had translated, so Sengzhao subsequently wrote his ''Bore wuzhi lun'' to explicate the ''Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikāprajñāpāramitāsūtra'' that Kumārajīva and his team had translated in 404. This and other influential treatises by Sengzhao were later compiled together as the Zhao lun. Sengzhao’s treatises and his commentary on the ''Vimalakīrtinirdeśa'' played a crucial role in the development of Mahāyāna thought in China. Sengzhao is treated retrospectively as a vaunt Courier in the San lun zong, the Chinese analogue of the Madhyamaka school, which was formally established some two centuries later by Jizang (549-623). The influential ''Baozang lun'' is also attributed to Sengzhao, although that treatise is probably a later work of the early Chan tradition. (Source: "Sengzhao." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 794. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Bhoil, S. + (Shelly Bhoil is a Brazil-based writer from … Shelly Bhoil is a Brazil-based writer from India. Her works include a poetry book ''An Ember from Her Pyre'' (Writers Workshop), and two reference books on Tibet—(co-editor) ''Negotiating Dispossession: Tibetan Subjectivities on the Global Stage'' and (editor) ''Resistant Hybridities: New Narratives of Exile Tibet'' (forthcoming)—published by Lexington Books. ([http://lifeandlegends.com/katyayani-translated-by-shelly-bhoil/ Source Accessed Mar 10, 2023])elly-bhoil/ Source Accessed Mar 10, 2023]))
Okumura, S. + (Shohaku Okumura was born in Osaka, Japan i … Shohaku Okumura was born in Osaka, Japan in 1948. He is an ordained priest and Dharma successor of Kōshō Uchiyama Roshi in the lineage of Kōdō Sawaki Roshi. He is a graduate of Komazawa University and has practiced at Antaiji with Kōshō Uchiyama Roshi, Zuioji with Narasaki Ikkō Roshi in Japan, and Pioneer Valley Zendo in Massachusetts. He taught at Kyoto Sōtō Zen Center in Japan and Minnesota Zen Meditation Center in Minneapolis. He was the director of the Soto Zen Buddhism International Center (previously called Soto Zen Education Center) in San Francisco from 1997 to 2010.His previously published books of translation include ''Dōgen’s Extensive Record: A Translation of the Eihei Kōroku''; ''Shikantaza: An Introduction to Zazen''; ''Shōbōgenzō Zuimonki: Sayings of Eihei Dōgen Zenji''; ''Heart of Zen: Practice without Gaining-mind'' (previously titled ''Dōgen Zen''); ''Zen Teachings of "Homeless" Kōdō''; ''Opening the Hand of Thought''; ''The Whole Hearted Way: A Translation of Eihei Dōgen’s Bendōwa with Commentary by Kōshō Uchiyama Roshi''; and ''Dōgen’s Pure Standards for the Zen Community: A Translation of Eihei Shingi''. Okumura is also the editor of ''Dōgen Zen and Its Relevance for Our Time''; ''Soto Zen: An Introduction to Zazen''; and ''Nothing is Hidden: Essays on Zen Master Dōgen’s Instructions for the Cook''.He is the founding teacher of the Sanshin Zen Community, based in Bloomington, Indiana, where he lives with his family. (''Realizing Genjokoan'', about the author)''Realizing Genjokoan'', about the author))
Śrīsiṃha + (Shri Singha was the chief disciple and suc … Shri Singha was the chief disciple and successor of Manjushrimitra in the lineage of the Dzogchen teachings. He was born in the Chinese city of Shokyam in Khotan and studied at first with the Chinese masters Hatibhala and Bhelakirti. In his Ocean of Wondrous Sayings, Guru Tashi Tobgyal adds that Shri Singha received a prophesy from Avalokiteshvara while traveling to Serling, telling him to go to the Sosaling charnel ground in order to be sure of the ultimate attainment. After many years Shri Singha met Manjushrimitra in the charnel ground of Sosaling, and remained with him for twenty-five years. Having transmitted all the oral instructions, the great master Manjushrimitra dissolved his bodily form into a mass of light. When Shri Singha cried out in despair and uttered songs of deep yearning, Manjushrimitra appeared again and bestowed him a tiny casket of precious substance. The casket contained his master's final words, a vital instruction named Gomnyam Drugpa, the Six Experiences of Meditation. Having received this transmission, Shri Singha reached ultimate confidence. In Bodhgaya he found the manuscripts of the tantras previously hidden by Manjushrimitra which he took to China where he classified the Instruction Section into four parts: the outer, inner, secret, and the innermost unexcelled sections. Among Shri Singha's disciples were four outstanding masters: Jnanasutra, Vimalamitra, Padmasambhava and the Tibetan translator Vairotsana. (Source: [https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Shri_Singha RY wiki])tsadra.org/index.php/Shri_Singha RY wiki]))
Balsys, B. + (Since the late 1960s Bodo Balsys has dedic … Since the late 1960s Bodo Balsys has dedicated his life to understanding the nature of consciousness and sharing his unique insights with others. He is a writer, a poet, an artist, a meditation teacher and healer. He has studied extensively across multiple fields of life. These include Esoteric science, meditation, healing, cosmology, Christianity, Buddhism, natural science, art, politics and history.Bodo has published multiple books. His first series, The Revelation (three volumes), was concerned with providing insights into fundamental esoteric subjects, and specifically providing an esoteric understanding of the Christian Bible. His more recent books focus on providing new insights into Buddhism and particularly their alignment with esoteric science. Bodo also holds a science degree from the University of Western Sydney. He is currently teaching at the School of Esoteric Sciences (near Sydney), which he established. ([https://www.universaldharma.com/about-us/our-teacher-bodo-balsys/ Source Accessed July 19, 2023])do-balsys/ Source Accessed July 19, 2023]))
Monier-Williams, M. + (Sir Monier Monier-Williams (12 November 1 … Sir Monier Monier-Williams (12 November 1819 – 11 April 1899) was a British scholar who was the second Boden Professor of Sanskrit at Oxford University, England. He studied, documented and taught Asian languages, especially Sanskrit, Persian and Hindustani. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monier_Monier-Williams Source Accessed Aug 15, 2023])er-Williams Source Accessed Aug 15, 2023]))
Stril-Rever, S. + (Sofia Stril-Rever has coauthored four book … Sofia Stril-Rever has coauthored four books with the Dalai Lama (including his My Spiritual Autobiography, translated in some twenty languages). With lawyers of the Paris Bar, international climate experts and renowned scientists, she has initiated the Better We Better World training program (www.betterwebetterworld.org) to tackle environmental and societal challenges with the practices of compassion and universal responsibility, promoted by the Dalai Lama as keys to human survival in thetwenty-first century. (Source: [https://www.harpercollins.com/blogs/authors/sofia-stril-rever-201882194450 HarperCollins Publishers])er-201882194450 HarperCollins Publishers]))
Bhum, Somtso + (Somtso Bhum is a PhD candidate at Northwestern University.)
Zhu chen gyi lo tsA ba ting 'dzin bzang po + (Source language scholar, reviser, translator.)
Hanna, S. + (Span Hanna began studying Modern Standard … Span Hanna began studying Modern Standard Chinese (Putonghua, or Mandarin) in 1983 at the University of Adelaide as part of a B.A. degree. He followed this up with private study and lived and worked in China on two occasions for a total of four years. The latter experience broadened his knowledge of the language and gave him a considerable understanding of its use in Chinese society and culture. Since returning to Australia in 1993 he has maintained an interest in Chinese matters while working primarily as a schoolteacher. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/span-hanna-99804355/?originalSubdomain=au Adapted from Source Nov 29, 2023])main=au Adapted from Source Nov 29, 2023]))
Schayer, S. + (Stanislaw Schayer (born May 8, 1899 in Sęd … Stanislaw Schayer (born May 8, 1899 in Sędziszów, Poland, died December 1, 1941 in Otwock, Poland) was a linguist, Indologist, philosopher, professor at the University of Warsaw. In 1922, he founded, and was the first director, of the Institute of Oriental Studies at the University of Warsaw. He was a member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Warsaw Scientific Society. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanislaw_Schayer Source Accessed Aug 24, 2023])law_Schayer Source Accessed Aug 24, 2023]))
Tambiah, S. + (Stanley Jeyaraja Tambiah (16 January 1929– … Stanley Jeyaraja Tambiah (16 January 1929– 19 January 2014) was a social anthropologist and Esther and Sidney Rabb Professor (Emeritus) of Anthropology at Harvard University. He specialised in studies of Thailand, Sri Lanka, and Tamils, as well as the anthropology of religion and politics. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_Jeyaraja_Tambiah Source Accessed Apr 17, 2023])aja_Tambiah Source Accessed Apr 17, 2023]))
Marlan, S. + (Stanton Marlan, Ph.D., ABPP, FABP is an Am … Stanton Marlan, Ph.D., ABPP, FABP is an American clinical psychologist, Jungian psychoanalyst, author, and educator. Marlan has authored or edited scores of publications in Analytical Psychology (Jungian Psychology) and Archetypal Psychology. Three of his more well-known publications are ''The Black Sun''. ''The Alchemy and Art of Darkness'', ''C. G. Jung and the Alchemical Imagination'', and ''Jung's Alchemical Philosophy''. Marlan is also known for his polemics with German Jungian psychoanalyst Wolfgang Giegerich. Marlan co-founded the Pittsburgh Society of Jungian Analysts and was the first director and training coordinator of the C. G. Jung Institute Analyst Training Program of Pittsburgh. Currently, Marlan is in private practice and serves as adjunct professor of Clinical Psychology at Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanton_Marlan Source Accessed June 14, 2023])ton_Marlan Source Accessed June 14, 2023]))
Gethin, S. + (Stephen Gethin studied veterinary medicine … Stephen Gethin studied veterinary medicine at Cambridge University, where he was also awarded a choral exhibition. After a number of years in professional practice, he spent much of the 1980s undertaking two three-year retreats in France, where he now lives and, as a founding member of the Padmakara Translation Group, continues to translate. He became a Tsadra Foundation Translation Fellow in 2005. His published translations include Nagarjuna’s ''Letter to a Friend'', ''Zurchungpa’s Testament'', Dudjom Rinpoche’s ''A Torch Lighting the Way to Freedom'', and Jamgön Mipham’s commentaries on Padmasambhava’s ''Garland of Views'' and the ''Mahāyāna-sūtrālaṃkāra''. He is currently working on a detailed preliminary practice commentary by Shechen Gyaltsap and on a volume of Jamgön Kongtrul’s ''Treasury of Precious Instructions''. ([https://www.colorado.edu/event/lotsawa/presenters/stephen-gethin Source Accessed Sept 18, 2020])hen-gethin Source Accessed Sept 18, 2020]))
Bokenkamp, S. + (Stephen R. Bokenkamp specializes in the st … Stephen R. Bokenkamp specializes in the study of medieval Chinese Daoism, with a special emphasis on its literatures and its relations with Buddhism. He is author of "Early Daoist Scriptures and Ancestors and Anxiety" as well as more than 35 articles and book chapters on Daoism and literature. Among his awards are the Guggenheim Award for the Translation of a medieval Daoist text and a National Endowment for the Humanities Translation grants. In addition to his position at Arizona State, he has taught at Indiana University, Stanford University, and short courses for graduate students at Princeton and Fudan Universities. He was also part of the National 985 project at the Institute of Religious Studies, Sichuan University from 2006-2013.柏夷（加州大學伯克萊分校博士，1986年）教授，專長于中國六朝隋唐道教史，特別關注中古道教文獻和佛道關係。在其漫長的學術生涯中，他出版了《早期道教經典》和《祖先與焦慮》兩部專著以及超過三十五篇學術論文。他的研究貢獻為其贏得了許多榮譽和獎項，比如古根海姆獎、美國國家人文基金會基金等等。除了在亞利桑那州立大學任教之外，他此前曾任教于印第安納大學、斯坦福大學，並在普林斯頓大學、復旦大學為研究生開設短期密集討論班。他也是2006-2013年四川大學國家九八五項目工程特聘海外專家。([https://search.asu.edu/profile/1078874 Source Accessed June 20, 2023])le/1078874 Source Accessed June 20, 2023]))
Shapiro, Sue + (Sue A. Shapiro, Ph.D., is a clinical psych … Sue A. Shapiro, Ph.D., is a clinical psychologist in private practice since 1978. She is a clinical consultant and faculty member at the NYU Postdoctoral Program in Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis, and one of the co-founders of the Contemplative Studies Project. She is also the Founder and Director Emeritus of the Trauma Center at the Manhattan Institute for Psychotherapy. She has supervised doctoral students in clinical psychology at New York University, City University, and Psychology Interns at Bellevue Hospital.Sue Shapiro has a wide variety of interests and is the author of articles on sexual abuse, gender issues in transference and countertransference, the socio/cultural context of psychoanalytic theory and theorists, embodiment, and issues surrounding mortality, especially as they pertain to the relationship between analyst and patient. Throughout her career she has pursued a multidisciplinary approach to the understanding and treatment of psychological problems, especially as this relates to those with more severe disturbances. She is an associate editor of Studies in Gender and Sexuality and Contemporary Psychoanalysis. ([https://www.cspofnyc.com/sue-a-shapiro Source Accessed Nov 15, 2023])e-a-shapiro Source Accessed Nov 15, 2023]))
Surendrabodhi + (Surendrabodhi (Wyl. lha dbang byang chub) … Surendrabodhi (Wyl. lha dbang byang chub) was an Indian paṇḍita who came to Samye at the time of Trisong Deutsen. The following information has been complied by Dan Martin:* One of the Indian teachers invited to Tibet in time of Emperor ral pa can (early 9th century). See the shorter Lde'u history (p. 135), where the name is spelled su len tra bo de.* In list of South Asian pundits in bu ston's History (1989), p. 280.7.* In list of imperial period pundits in Tibet contained in zhu chen, bstan 'gyur dkar chag, p. 158, line 19.* Stog Palace catalogue, index.* su randra bodhi. Translator in time of Emperor Ral pa can. Padma dkar po, Chos 'byung, p. 331.* Biographical Dictionary of Tibet and Tibetan Buddhism, vol. 1, p. 565. Surendrabodhi — in Tibetan translation, Lha dbang byang chub — in time of Ral pa can. Mtshan tho, no. 18. ([http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Surendrabodhi Source Accessed Aug 18, 2020])endrabodhi Source Accessed Aug 18, 2020]))
Yamasaki, T. + (Taiko Yamasaki . . . is abbot of Jokoin Te … Taiko Yamasaki . . . is abbot of Jokoin Temple in Kobe, Japan, and Dean of the Department of Esoteric Instruction at Shuchi-in University in Kyoto, Japan. He is one of the worlds recognized experts in Ajikan and other forms of Meditation. ([http://www.shingon.org/sbii/books/ShingonJEB.html Adapted from Source Nov 20, 2023])EB.html Adapted from Source Nov 20, 2023]))
Schiaffini-Vedani, P. + (Teaches Chinese at Southwestern University, Directs Non-Profit Organization Tibetan Arts and Literature Initiative. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/patricia-schiaffini-58880590/ Source Accessed Mar 10, 2023]))
Bardor Rinpoche, 1st + (Terchen Barway Dorje (1st Bardor Rinpoche, … Terchen Barway Dorje (1st Bardor Rinpoche, 1836-1918) was a student of the 9th Tai Situ Rinpoche, the 14th Karmapa, Chokgyur Dechen Lingpa, and many other masters of his time.Initially associated with Surmang Monastery of which he was a recognized tulku (Shartse Rinpoche of Surmang), Terchen Barway Dorje devoted a good portion of his life to reviving of the lost teachings of the Barom Kagyu. He was also known as a revealer of terma (treasures) of which he discovered nine volumes.The treasures discovered by Terchen Barway Dorje had been concealed by two of Guru Rinpoche’s principal disciples—Nupchen Sangye Yeshe and Yeshe Tsogyal. Terchen Barway Dorje was an emanation of both of them.Toward the end of his life, Terchen Barway Dorje founded Raktrul Monastery in eastern Tibet.The writings of Terchen Barway Dorje consist of fourteen volumes. Of these, nine volumes are his revelations or termas, three volumes are his collective writings or compositions, one volume is his autobiography, and the one volume is his collective songs of instruction.The autobiography of Terchen Barway Dorje has been translated into English and published by KTD Publications as ''Precious Essence: The Inner Autobiography of Terchen Barway Dorje''. His collective songs of instruction have been published as ''Treasury of Eloquence: The Songs of Barway Dorje''.of Eloquence: The Songs of Barway Dorje''.)
Adeu Rinpoche + (The Eighth Adeu Rinpoche was born on the f … The Eighth Adeu Rinpoche was born on the fourth day of the 12th Tibetan month in the Iron Horse year of the fifteenth calendrical cycle, in the middle of a freezing winter. As the 16th Karmapa and the Eighth Choegon Rinpoche recognized the child as the authentic reincarnation of the Seventh Adeu Rinpoche, he was taken to Tsechu Gompa for enthronement at the age of seven. Immediately after this, he began his traditional education in writing, calligraphy, poetry, astrology, mandala painting, spiritual practice and text recitation. At the same time, the young Adeu Rinpoche also received many teachings and pith-instructions based on the old and new traditions, but primarily on the Drukpa lineage from the Eighth Choegon Rinpoche, Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö and many other great masters. After this, Rinpoche entered into a seven-year retreat, during which he practised the sadhanas of different deities and trained in tsa-lung, following the Six Yogas of Naropa and the liberating Mahamudra mind-training practices. He also learnt philosophy. Adeu Rinpoche later wrote a precise commentary on the three sets of vows, the root of heart-essence of Nyingmapa lineage, and on the various mandala deities.In 1958, all the sacred texts, statues and precious objects were completely destroyed, and Rinpoche was imprisoned for fifteen years. Although Adeu Rinpoche suffered a great deal, the period in prison gave him an opportunity to meet many accomplished masters, who had also been imprisoned, especially Khenpo Munsel from whom he received instructions on Dzogchen, and under whose guidance, he practised the rare and precious teachings of the aural lineage (Nyengyü) of the Nyingma school, and studied the various Nyingmapa terma teachings.Adeu Rinpoche was an extremely important master of the Drukpa Kagyü lineage, especially following the Cultural Revolution, during which many great Drukpa lineage masters passed away. When teachings of the Drukpa lineage were faced with extinction, Adeu Rinpoche was the only remaining lineage holder of the Khampa tradition of the Drukpa lineage.At the end of 1980, Adeu Rinpoche went to Tashi Jong in India to pass on the entire lineage of the Khampa Drukpa tradition to the present Khamtrul Rinpoche Dongyü Nyima, Choegon Rinpoche Choekyi Wangchuk and many other great tulkus of the Drukpa lineage.In 1990, Adeu Rinpoche also gave the complete empowerments of the Drukpa lineage to the local tulkus in Nangchen. About 51 tulkus and 1600 monks and nuns were present to receive the empowerments and oral transmissions. In this way, Adeu Rinpoche became the main lineage master of the Khampa Drukpa tradition for all the Drukpa tulkus. Thereafter, Adeu Rinpoche went to Bhutan and exchanged initiations with Je Khenpo, Jigme Chodrak Rinpoche, Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche and many other enlightened masters, thus becoming a representative of the Drukpa lineage.Adeu Rinpoche also took responsibility for restoring Tsechu Gompa, and at the same time collecting, correcting and editing all the Drukpa teachings, tantras and practices.Adeu Rinpoche passed away in July 2007, in Nangchen, Tibet.His reincarnation has recently been identified, in Tibet, by Choegon Rinpoche Chökyi Senge. (Source:[https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Adeu_Rinpoche])pawiki.org/index.php?title=Adeu_Rinpoche]))
Gung thang dkon mchog bstan pa'i sgron me + (The Third Gungtang Lama Konchok Tenpai Dro … The Third Gungtang Lama Konchok Tenpai Dronme was identified as reincarnation of the Second Guntang Ngawang Tenpai Gyeltsen. He studied in Drepung Gomang College near Lhasa and Labrang Tashikhyil in Amdo, and later he served as the twenty-first abbot of the monastery. He also served as the first abbot of Ngawa Gomang Monastery. Familiar with Chinese and Mongolian languages, he spent most of his life in teaching and composing texts on many subjects such as ethics and medicine as well as religion. ([https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Konchok-Tenpai-Dronme/4730 Source Accessed Feb 3, 2022])-Dronme/4730 Source Accessed Feb 3, 2022]))
Bardor Rinpoche, 2nd + (The first rebirth of Terchen Barway Dorje … The first rebirth of Terchen Barway Dorje was recognized by the 15th Karmapa, but lived only a short time and, in fact, died before he was reached by the search party seeking him. The Karmapa later explained what happened: Terchen Barway Dorje had promised a great sinner named Changkyi Mingyur that he would not be reborn in a lower state. Changkyi Mingyur died shortly before the new incarnation of Terchen Barway Dorje was discovered and was about to be reborn in a lower state. In desperation, he called on Barway Dorje and it was therefore necessary for Bardor Rinpoche to depart his new body in order to fulfill his promise.The 15th Karmapa decided to perform another recognition of the 2nd Barway Dorje, but before the time for recognition arrived, the 15th Gyalwang Karmapa departed this realm for the benefit of beings in other places.For this reason, the rebirth of Terchen Barway Dorje—the 2nd Bardor Rinpoche—was recognized by the 11th Tai Situ Rinpoche, Padma Wangchok Gyalpo.The 2nd Bardor Rinpoche was born at the end of 1920 and many auspicious signs accompanied his birth. He was enthroned at Raktrul Monastery at the age of five but received his training and transmissions at Surmang and Kyodrak monasteries.In his thirteenth year, the 2nd Bardor Rinpoche met the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa. Because the Gyalwang Karmapa had been Bardor Rinpoche’s karmically destined guru in many lives, Bardor Rinpoche felt great devotion for the Karmapa upon meeting him.The 2nd Bardor Rinpoche spent much of his life serving the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa, although he occasionally traveled back to Raktrul Monastery to look after its needs. Toward the end of his life, he made an aspiration to be able to serve both the Karmapa and Raktrul Monastery in his future lives. As a result of that aspiration we now have two incarnations of the 3rd Bardor Rinpoche—one who has devoted most of his life to the service of both the 16th and 17th Karmapas and has founded Kunzang Palchen Ling in the US, and one who remains in Tibet and looks after Raktrul Monastery.A detailed account of the life of the 2nd Bardor Rinpoche is available in English translation as ''The Light of Dawn'' composed by Karma Tupten. ([https://www.kunzang.org/treasure-lineage/2nd-bardor-rinpoche/ Source Accessed June 28, 2023])-rinpoche/ Source Accessed June 28, 2023]))
Khyentse, Dzongsar + (The present Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinp … The present Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche, Thubten Chökyi Gyamtso, was born in 1961 in eastern Bhutan. He was recognized as a tulku by H.H. Sakya Trizin, and received empowerments and teachings from many of the greatest masters of Tibetan Buddhism, including H.H. the 16th Karmapa; H.H. Dudjom Rinpoche and Lama Sonam Zangpo (his paternal and maternal grandfathers); Chatral Rinpoche; Nyoshul Khen Rinpoche, Khenpo Appey, and many others. His root guru was Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, who began training Rinpoche from the age of 7.While still a teenager, Rinpoche built a small retreat center in Ghezing, Sikkim and soon began traveling and teaching around the world. In the 1980s, he began the restoration of Dzongsar Monastery in Derge, the responsibility of which he had inherited from his previous incarnation, Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö. He established Dzongsar Institute in Bir, India, (now DKCLI in Chauntra), which has grown to be one of the most respected institutions for advanced dialectical study. He also oversees two monasteries in Bhutan and has established dharma centres in Australia, Europe, North America, and Asia. He has written several books and made award-winning films. Rinpoche continuously travels all over the world, practicing and teaching the Dharma. (Source: [https://khyentsefoundation.org/about-dzongsar-jamyang-khyentse-rinpoche/ Khyentse Foundation.org])yentse-rinpoche/ Khyentse Foundation.org]))
Vairocanarakṣita + (There are at least two Indian authors know … There are at least two Indian authors known by the name Vairocanarakṣita, as well as being the full ordination name of the famous Tibetan translator Vairocana (bai ro tsa na). Of the two Indians, the first was an 11th century scholar from Vikramaśīla, while the second, known also as Vairocanavajra, lived about a century later and spent time in Tibet in the mid-12th century. Based on the literary output of these two figures, with the former producing works on sūtra and the latter more focused on tantra and mahāmudrā, Brunnhölzl suggests the 11th century Vairocanarakṣita as the most likely candidate for the authorship of the ''Mahāyānottaratantraśāstraṭippanī''. However, BDRC seems to conflate these two figures, perhaps even all three, with attributions of their individual works and translations included in the Tibetan canon linking to a single page. Though, it is clear that some of these texts, such as the commentaries on the works of Śāntideva belong to the 11th century Vairocanarakṣita, as they were translated by Ngok Lotsāwa who predates the 12th century Vairocanarakṣita. While, others works linked to the same page should certainly be attributed to this second Vairocanarakṣita, a.k.a. Vairocanavajra, as he was well known among early Kagyu masters for his teaching activities and his translations of several crucial ''dohas'' that helped form the basis of the Kagyu mahāmudrā tradition.he basis of the Kagyu mahāmudrā tradition.)
Losang, T. + (Thubten Losang became interested in Buddhi … Thubten Losang became interested in Buddhism during the 1990s and sporadically read books on Buddhism and practiced sitting meditation. He first came to Sravasti Abbey in April 2013 for a Sharing the Dharma Day. After that, he began to visit the Abbey almost every month.In the summer of 2014, he spent 10 days of every month at the Abbey to work in the forest and joined in the Exploring Monastic Life program. Receiving teachings from a qualified teacher (Ven. Chodron), being around other practitioners, being guided and inspired by the monastic community, and establishing a regular meditation schedule turned his sporadic and confused spiritual seeking into a serious and consistent practice.Ven. Losang moved to the Abbey in December 2014 and took the anagarika precepts the following month. He received śrāmaṇera (novice) ordination on August 10, 2015. See his ordination photos. He received full ordination in Taiwan in 2017. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/community-member/sramanera-thubten-losang/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023])ten-losang/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023]))
Pynn, T. + (Tom Pynn is a senior lecturer in Interdisciplinary studies at Kennesaw State University.)
Brekke, T. + (Torkel Brekke works part-time as a religio … Torkel Brekke works part-time as a religious historian in Civita and head of the Civita Academy. Brekke is professor of cultural and religious diversity at the Institute for International Studies and Interpreter Education at OsloMet. Brekke is also associated with the Institute for Peace Research (PRIO). In 2007, Brekke became professor of religious history and South Asian area studies at the Department of Cultural Studies and Oriental Languages at the University of Oslo. He has a PhD from the University of Oxford, and has written and edited a number of books and articles on the relationship between culture and politics. He has worked as an adviser in the Ministry of Defence, and has had several types of engagements for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He is a regular writer for Dagbladet, and sits on the Swedish Science Council. ([https://civita.no/person/torkel-brekke/ Source Accessed Mar 22, 2023])kel-brekke/ Source Accessed Mar 22, 2023]))
Pema Rigtsal + (Tulku Pema Rigtsal Rinpoche is the Supreme … Tulku Pema Rigtsal Rinpoche is the Supreme Head of Namkha Khyung Dzong Monastery in Humla, Nepal ("upper Dudjom lineage" known as Namkha Khyung Dzong, formerly based at Mount Kailash in Tibet). At the age of three he was recognized by Dudjom Rinpoche as the reincarnation of “Chimed Rinpoche,” who is the emanation of the Great Indian Siddha “Dampa Sangye” and spiritual head of the renowned Shedphel Ling Monastery in Ngari, Tibet. In 1985 he reconstructed the Namkha Khyung Dzong Monastery in Humla, Nepal, and has taught the 13 major philosophical texts (Shungchen Chusum) for 24 years. His religious guidance has inspired hundreds of ascetics and other practitioners in Tibet.Rinpoche has studied the Vajrayana tradition of the Nyingma lineage from renowned spiritual masters: Dudjom Rinpoche, Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, Dodrupchen Rinpoche, Penor Rinpoche, Thinley Norbu Rinpoche, Trulshik Rinpoche, and Domang Yangthang Rinpoche. ([https://rubinmuseum.org/events/event/mindfulness-meditation-with-tulku-pema-rigtsal-rinpoche-02-22-24/ Source Accessed January 23, 2024])According to Rigpa Wiki: Tulku Pema Rigtsal gives teachings on the Dudjom Tersar Ngöndro, the ''The Words of My Perfect Teacher'', ''Bodhicharyavatara'', and the Richö, Nang Jang, Neluk Rangjung, and other Dudjom Tersar teachings, to the people of Humla and those from the Ngari part of Tibet.Tulku Pema Rigtsal also holds Summer and Winter Dharma Teaching sessions every year for more than five hundred practitioners including monks, ngakpas (yogis) and nuns residing in Humla and Ngari, Tibet. Hundreds of hermits are practising in caves and solitary locations in Humla, Nepal and Ngari, Tibet under his instruction and guidance.Among his writings, there are::a commentary on the Calling The Lama From Afar of Dudjom Rinpoche:a biography of the Degyal Rinpoche (the first).:his first book in Tibetan, entitled “Semkyi Sangwa Ngontu Phyungwa” (translated and published in English as [[The Great Secret of Mind]]).cret of Mind]]).)
Tarthang Tulku + (Twenty-Four Years of Traditional Training … Twenty-Four Years of Traditional Training in TibetDharma Publishing was founded by Tarthang Rinpoche, commonly known as Tarthang Tulku. Rinpoche was born in in the mountains of Golok in the far northeast of Tibet as the son of Sogpo Tulku, Pema Gawey Dorje (b 1894), a highly respected physician and holder of the Nyingma Vidyadhara lineage. Before Rinpoche was two years old, he was recognized and given the name Kunga Gellek by the Sutrayana and Mantrayana master Tragyelung Tsultrim Dargye (b. 1866), who made predictions about Rinpoche’s future mission as a servant of the Dharma, and instructed his parents in the special treatment of young tulkus.Rinpoche’s training began at a very early age, and his first teachers were his father and private tutors. After the age of nine, he resided at Tarthang Monastery where he was initiated into the teachings of the Palyul tradition by Tarthang Choktrul and given instruction in Mahayana view, meditation, and conduct by various expert khenpos. At the age of fifteen in the iron tiger year of 1950, Rinpoche departed from Tarthang Monastery to travel to the major monasteries of Kham in eastern Tibet. There he received blessings, teachings, and initiations from the greatest masters of the 20th century: Jamyang Khyentse Chokyi Lodro, Zhechen Kongtrul, Adzom Gyelsey, Bodpa Tulku, and others, altogether thirty-one teachers. For the next ten years, until the age of 24, Rinpoche was given intensive training in the three Inner Yogas of Maha, Anu, and Ati.Nine Years of Retreat, Research, and Publishing in IndiaIn 1958 Rinpoche departed from his homeland, traveling through Bhutan into Sikkim following in the footsteps of his root guru, Khyentse Chokyi Lodro. The next several years were devoted to pilgrimage and retreat at holy places in India. In 1963 he was appointed by Dudjom Rinpoche as the representative of the Nyingma tradition and given the position of research fellow at Sanskrit University in Benares. In that same year, he set up one of the first Tibetan printing presses in exile and began his life’s work of preserving sacred art and texts. After six years at Sanskrit University and some twenty publications, Rinpoche decided that this was not enough, and departed for America to bring Dharma to the West.Forty-three Years of Dharma Work in the WestArriving in America in late 1968, Rinpoche chose California as his headquarters, and established the Tibetan Nyingma Meditation Center in early 1969. One of the first learned Tibetan exiles to take up residence in the West, he has lived continuously in America for over forty years. With the full support and blessings of Dudjom Rinpoche and Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, Tarthang Tulku began in the 1970s to unfold a vision of wisdom in action that would eventually encompass over twenty different organizations and make a significant impact on the transmission of Dharma to the West and the restoration of Dharma in Asia.([http://dharmapublishing.com/about/our-founder/ Source Accessed August 26, 2015])founder/ Source Accessed August 26, 2015]))
Hammar, U. + (Urban Hammar defended his doctoral thesis, … Urban Hammar defended his doctoral thesis, "Studies in the Kālacakra Tantra: A History of the Kālacakra Tantra in Tibet and a Study of the Concept of the Ādibuddha, the Fourth Body of the Buddha, and the Supreme Unchanging," in 2005. He is now working on a text by one of the disciples of Dolpo-pa on the history of Kālacakra Tantra. Hammar is affiliated with the Department of History of Religions at Stockholm University and teaches Tibetan at the Department of Oriental Languages. (Source: ''As Long as Space Endures'', 476)Source: ''As Long as Space Endures'', 476))
Samten, T. + (Ven. Samten met Ven. Chodron in 1996 when … Ven. Samten met Ven. Chodron in 1996 when the future Ven. Chonyi, took the future Ven. Samten to a Dharma talk at Dharma Friendship Foundation in Seattle. The talk on the kindness of others and the way it was presented is deeply etched in her mind. Four Cloud Mountain retreats with Ven. Chodron, eight months in India and Nepal studying the Dharma, one month of offering service at Sravasti Abbey, and a two month retreat at the Abbey in 2008 fueled the fire to ordain on August 26, 2010.Ven. Samten’s full ordination took place in Taiwan in March 2012, when she became the Abbey’s sixth bhikshuni. Right after finishing a Bachelor of Music degree, Ven. Samten moved to Edmonton, Canada to pursue training as a corporeal mime artist. Five years later, a return to university to obtain a Bachelor of Education degree opened the door to becoming a music teacher for the Edmonton Public School board. Concurrently, Ven. Samten became a founding member and performer with Kita No Taiko, Alberta’s first Japanese drum group.Ven. Samten is responsible for thanking donors who make offerings online, assisting Ven. Tarpa with developing and facilitating the SAFE online learning courses, assisting with the forest thinning project, tracking down knapweed, maintaining the database, answering email questions, and photographing the amazing moments that are constantly happening at the Abbey. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/community-member/ven-thubten-samten/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023])ten-samten/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023]))
Damdul, Dorji + (Venerable Geshe Dorji Damdul is presently … Venerable Geshe Dorji Damdul is presently Director - Tibet House, New Delhi. He has undertaken several projects for His Holiness the Dalai Lama, serving as the primary translator for many of his works. Born in 1968, Geshe Dorji Damdul earned his Geshe Lharampa Degree in 2002 from Drepung Loseling Monastic University.He has a most fantastic analytical mind, and his skillful technique ensures that most practitioners understand the wisdom rooted behind their practice. Geshe La regularly gives teachings at Tibet House and Deer Park Institute. ([https://vidyaloke.in/home/resource-library/our_gurus_and_masters.php Source Accessed Oct 27, 2021])masters.php Source Accessed Oct 27, 2021]))
Lamrimpa, Gen + (Venerable Jampel Tenzin, known to his West … Venerable Jampel Tenzin, known to his Western students as Gen Lamrimpa, passed as glorious as he lived. A lifetime meditator, he unified his words and his actions. Humility to the nth degree, kindness and love consistently given to all those whom he came in contact, and a wisdom that clearly recognized reality were his trademarks. His smile lit up the sky and made one feel inner joy and contentment.Gen Lamrimpa lived most of his adult life in Dharamsala, Northern India. Initially, in the early 1970's, he lived for several years moving from cave to cave at the top of the mountains above Dharamsala. Often without food, meditating in a foggy and often wet place under a large rock overhang, he never feared. Food always seemed to appear when he really needed it. Many times self- rationed flour was about to finish, or was finished for one or two days, and almost like magic, or a gift from the buddhas, more flour, and maybe tea, or if very fortunate a little butter and tsampa (roasted barley flour) would arrive. These years of physical hardship, he told me later, were the best years for meditation; even though he claimed not to know much at that time.Later he moved to a mud and stone one-room retreat hut where several other retreatants lived and practiced above the Tibetan Children's Village (TCV) near Trijang Rinpoche's Stupa. There he stayed nearly 18 years. Until 1990 he had no electricity, nor water. Water had to be fetched from afar, by carrying 40-50 lbs. of water up and down steep slopes often through snow or mud. Using candle and daggum (thick woolen Tibetan cape used for warmth during winter meditation), he meditated from 5 a.m. until 1 a.m. There were no week-ends or holidays off. There were breaks for preparing and eating food, gathering wood and fetching water, and occasionally teaching students who came by after lunch. After one of my regular weekly afternoon-evening visits to receive teachings, with a full stomach of Genia's simple, yet delicious food, Genia told me to be careful of snakes. I told him there were no snakes here in the Himalayan foothills at 6000 feet elevation. He was silent, and handed me a torch (flashlight). Off I went with torch in hand. Soon crossing the path in front of me was a snake, (not a rope), the only one I saw in my many years in Dharamsala.Last October 30th, about 4:30 a.m. I felt he was calling me. As I went into his room, he opened his eyes, and asked me to help sit him up and give him some water. Along with the water I gave him chin.lap (blessed substances). After three deep breaths, he stopped his gross breathing. Sitting behind him on his meditation seat, I held his back straight for several hours, then secured him using a mediation belt lying nearby. For five days his body remained fresh, and his mind remained in meditation in the state of clear light unified with emptiness―a remarkable, extraordinary achievement. Those of us who knew him were not surprised. He passed as he lived: clear, profound, and spacious.Source: Ven. Tenzin Choerabt from the Winter, 2004 issue of the Snow Lion Newsletter.r, 2004 issue of the Snow Lion Newsletter.)
Jigme, T. + (Venerable Jigme met Venerable Chodron in 1 … Venerable Jigme met Venerable Chodron in 1998 at Cloud Mountain Retreat Center. She took refuge in 1999 and attended Dharma Friendship Foundation in Seattle, where Ven. Chodron was the resident teacher. She moved to the Abbey in 2008 and took śrāmaṇerikā and śikṣamāṇā vows with Venerable Chodron as her preceptor in March 2009. In 2011, along with Ven. Chonyi, she received bhikshuni ordination at Fo Guang Shan in Taiwan.Before moving to Sravasti Abbey, Venerable Jigme worked as a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in private practice in Seattle. In her career as a nurse, she worked in hospitals, clinics and educational settings.At the Abbey, Ven. Jigme manages the prison outreach program and support the health of the community. In addition, she is a photographer, technical consultant, thanks donors, and creates flyers and other graphics. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/community-member/ven-thubten-jigme/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023])bten-jigme/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023]))
Kunga, T. + (Venerable Thubten Kunga grew up bi-cultura … Venerable Thubten Kunga grew up bi-culturally as the daughter of a Filipino immigrant in Alexandria, Virginia, just outside Washington, DC.She received a BA in Sociology from the University of Virginia and an MA from George Mason University in Public Administration before working for the U.S. State Department’s Bureau of Refugees, Population, and Migration for seven years. She also worked in a psychologist’s office and a community-building non-profit organization.Venerable Kunga met Buddhism in college during an anthropology course and knew it was the path she had been looking for, but did not begin seriously practicing until 2014. She was affiliated with the Insight Meditation Community of Washington and the Guyhasamaja FPMT center in Fairfax, VA.Realizing that the peace of mind experienced in meditation was the true happiness she was looking for, she traveled to Nepal in 2016 to teach English and took refuge at Kopan Monastery.Shortly thereafter she attended the Exploring Monastic Life retreat at the Abbey and felt she had found a new home, returning a few months later to stay as a long-term guest, followed by anagarika (trainee) ordination in July 2017 and novice ordination in May 2019. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/community-member/venerable-thubten-kunga/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023])bten-kunga/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023]))
Bijlert, V. + (Victor A. van Bijlert is Lecturer in the D … Victor A. van Bijlert is Lecturer in the Department of Beliefs and Practices, Faculty of Religion and Theology, at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. ([https://books.google.com/books?id=HlP3zgEACAAJ&source=gbs_book_other_versions_r&cad=2 Source Accessed Feb 27, 2023])ersions_r&cad=2 Source Accessed Feb 27, 2023]))
Mair, V. + (Victor Henry Mair (born March 25, 1943) is … Victor Henry Mair (born March 25, 1943) is an American sinologist. He is a professor of Chinese at the University of Pennsylvania. Among other accomplishments, Mair has edited the standard ''Columbia History of Chinese Literature'' and the ''Columbia Anthology of Traditional Chinese Literature''. Mair is the series editor of the Cambria Sinophone World Series (Cambria Press), and his book coauthored with Miriam Robbins Dexter (published by Cambria Press), ''Sacred Display: Divine and Magical Female Figures of Eurasia'', won the Sarasvati Award for the Best Nonfiction Book in Women and Mythology. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_H._Mair Source Accessed June 20, 2023])or_H._Mair Source Accessed June 20, 2023]))
Vācaspatimiśra + (Vācaspati Miśra was an extremely versatile … Vācaspati Miśra was an extremely versatile and influential Indian philosopher in the tenth century CE . As a follower of Advaita Vedānta, he wrote commentaries on the fundamental works of the two great masters of this tradition, Śaṅkarā and Maṇḍana Miśra. He also contributed to most of the orthodox (or Brahmanical) philosophical schools of Hinduism: he wrote on Mīmāṃsā and grammatical theory (in particular, on the holistic ''sphoṭa'' theory of meaning), and his commentaries on Nyāya, Sāṃkhya, and Yoga are all considered authoritative in these traditions. One of the two subschools of Śaṅkara's Advaita tradition follows and is named after Vācaspati's ''Bhāmatī'' ("Bright"), itself a commentary on Śaṅkara's ''Brahmasūtrabhāṣya'' ("Commentary on the aphorisms on ''brahman''"). ([https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119009924.eopr0400 Source Accessed Jan 22, 2024])24.eopr0400 Source Accessed Jan 22, 2024]))
Schubring, W. + (Walter Schubring (10 December 1881 – 13 Ap … Walter Schubring (10 December 1881 – 13 April 1969) was a German Indologist who studied Jain canons written in Prakrit and wrote several major translations. Earlier western works on Jainism had mostly examined later texts in Sanskrit.Schubring was born in Lübeck where his father Julius was headmaster of the Katharineum. He matriculated from the Katharineum in 1900. He discovered a dictionary of Sanskrit in the library of his father which imbued an early interest in oriental languages. He then went to Munich and Strassburg Universities, receiving a doctorate in 1904 under the supervision of Ernst Leumann with a dissertation on the Kalpasutra (rules for Jain monks). He then worked as a librarian at Berlin and habilitated in 1918 with a monograph on the Mahānisīha-Sutta. In 1920 he succeed Sten Konow as professor at the University of Hamburg. He cataloged Jain texts in European libraries, studied Śvetāmbara Jainism and wrote another work on the teaching of the Jainas in 1935 which was translated into English in 1962. Frank-Richard Hamm was one of his students. During World War II, he taught Sanskrit to Louis Dumont who was then a prisoner of war in Hamburg. Schubring edited the ''Journal of the German Oriental Society'' from 1922 and visited India in 1927-28 along with Heinrich Lüders spending time in the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona. He retired in 1951 but continued research until his death from an accident at Hamburg.In 1933 he was one of the signatories to the Vow of allegiance of the Professors of the German Universities and High-Schools to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialistic State.Writings Schubring's works include:*Mahaviras. Kritische Übersetzung aus dem Kanon der Jaina. Verlag Vandenhoeck & Rubrecht, Göttingen 1926.*Die Jainas. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr 1927*Die Lehre der Jainas: Nach den alten Quellen. Berlin, Leipzig: de Gruyter 1935*The Doctrine of the Jainas: Described After the Old Sources. Translated from the revised German edition by Wolfgang Beurlen. Reprint. First published in 1962. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass 1995. ISBN 81-208-0933-5.*Die Jaina-Handschriften der Preussischen Staatsbibliothek: Neuerwerbungen seit 1891. Leipzig: Harrassowitz 1944*Der Jainismus. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer 1964*The Religion of the Jainas. Transl. from the German by Amulyachandra Sen; T. C. Burke. Calcutta: Sanskrit College 1966. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther_Schubring Source Accessed Dec 7, 2023])wiki/Walther_Schubring Source Accessed Dec 7, 2023]))
Deal, W. + (William E. Deal holds a joint appointment … William E. Deal holds a joint appointment in Cognitive Science and Religious Studies at Case Western Reserve University. He is Severance Professor of the History of Religion in the Department of Religious Studies and Professor of Cognitive Science and Chair of the Department of Cognitive Science. He has served as Associate Director for Digital Humanities at the Baker-Nord Center for the Humanities in the College of Arts and Sciences, is past Chair of the Department of Religious Studies, and served for several years as Director of CWRU's Asian Studies Program. He was the founding director of the Inamori International Center for Ethics and Excellence. Dr. Deal received an A.B. in Religion (magna cum laude) and an A.M. in Asian Studies from Washington University in St. Louis. He received his Ph.D. in Religion from Harvard University in 1988. At CWRU, Dr. Deal teaches courses that focus on theory and interpretation in the academic study of religion, the cognitive science of religion and ethics, comparative religious ethics, and East Asian religious and ethical traditions. His scholarship includes numerous articles, chapters, and book reviews on methodology in the academic study of religion, religion and ethics, and Japanese Buddhism. He is co-author of the books A Cultural History of Japanese Buddhism (Wiley Blackwell) and Theory for Religious Studies (Routledge) and author of Handbook to Life in Medieval and Early Modern Japan (Oxford University Press).ly Modern Japan (Oxford University Press).)
De Bary, W. + (William Theodore de Bary (Chinese: 狄培理; pi … William Theodore de Bary (Chinese: 狄培理; pinyin: Dí Péilǐ; August 9, 1919 – July 14, 2017) was an American Sinologist and scholar of East Asian philosophy who was a professor and administrator at Columbia University for nearly 70 years.De Bary graduated from Columbia College in 1941, where he was a student in the first year of Columbia's famed Literature Humanities course. He then briefly took up graduate studies at Harvard University before leaving to serve in American military intelligence in the Pacific Theatre of World War Two. Upon his return, he resumed his studies at Columbia, where he completed his Ph.D. in 1953.In order to create text books for the non-Western version of the Columbia humanities course, he drew together teams of scholars to translate original source material, ''Sources of Chinese Tradition'' (1960), ''Sources of Japanese Tradition'', and ''Sources of Indian Tradition''. His extensive publications made the case for the universality of Asian values and a tradition of democratic values in Confucianism. He is recognized as training the graduate students and mentoring the scholars who created the field of Neo-Confucian studies. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wm._Theodore_de_Bary Source Accessed July 18, 2023])re_de_Bary Source Accessed July 18, 2023]))
Rockhill, W. + (William Woodville Rockhill (April 1, 1854 … William Woodville Rockhill (April 1, 1854 – December 8, 1914) was a United States diplomat, best known as the author of the U.S.'s Open Door Policy for China, the first American to learn to speak Tibetan, and one of the West's leading experts on the modern political history of China. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Woodville_Rockhill Source Accessed Aug 25, 2023])le_Rockhill Source Accessed Aug 25, 2023]))
Huikai + (Wumen Huikai. (J. Mumon Ekai; K. Mumun Hye … Wumen Huikai. (J. Mumon Ekai; K. Mumun Hyegae 無門慧開) (1183-1260). In Chinese, "Gateless, Opening of Wisdom"; Chan master in the Linji zong; author of the eponymous ''Wumen guan'' ("Gateless Checkpoint"), one of the two most important collections of Chan gong'an (J. kōan; K. kongan). A native of Hangzhou prefecture in present-day Zhejiang province, Huikai was ordained by the monk "One Finger" Tianlong (d.u.), who also hailed from Hangzhou (see also Yizhi Chan). Wumen later went to the monastery of Wanshousi in Jiangsu province to study with Yuelin Shiguan (1143-1217), from whom Huikai received the ''wu gong'an'' of Zhao zhou Congshen; Huikai is said to have struggled with this gong’an for six years. In 1218, Huikai traveled to Baoyinsi on Mt. Anji, where he succeeded Yuelin as abbot. He subsequently served as abbot at such monasteries as Tianningsi, Pujisi, Kaiyuansi, and Baoningsi. In 1246, Huikai was appointed as abbot of Huguo Renwangsi in Hangzhou prefecture, and it is here that the Japanese Zen monk Shinichi Kakushin studied under him. Emperor Lizong (r. 1224–1264) invited Huikai to provide asermon at the Pavilion of Mysterious Virtue in the imperial palace and also to pray for rain. In honor of his achievements, the emperor bestowed upon him a golden robe and the title Chan master Foyan (Dharma Eye). (Source: "Wumen Huikai." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 1002. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Ye shes mtsho rgyal + (Yeshe Tsogyal was the principal consort of … Yeshe Tsogyal was the principal consort of Guru Padmasambhava. She was Vajravarahi in human form and also an emanation of Tara and Buddhalochana.She was born as a princess in the clan of Kharchen. According to some accounts her father was called Namkha Yeshe and her mother was Gewa Bum. In other histories, such as the Zanglingma and the biography revealed by Taksham Nüden Dorje, her father is named as Kharchen Palgyi Wangchuk, who is otherwise said to have been her brother. Yet another version names her father as Tökar Lek and her mother as Gyalmo Tso.She became the consort of King Trisong Detsen before being offered to Guru Rinpoche as a mandala offering during an empowerment. She specialized in the practice of Vajrakilaya and experienced visions of the deity and gained accomplishment. In Nepal, she paid a ransom for Acharya Salé and took him as her spiritual consort. Through the power of her unfailing memory, she collected all the teachings given by Guru Rinpoche in Tibet and concealed them as terma. At the end of her life, it is said, she flew through the air and went directly to Zangdokpalri. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Yeshe_Tsogyal Rigpa Wiki])index.php?title=Yeshe_Tsogyal Rigpa Wiki]))
Imaeda, Y. + (Yoshiro Imaeda (Japanese: 今枝由郎, Hepburn: … Yoshiro Imaeda (Japanese: 今枝由郎, Hepburn: Imaeda Yoshirō, born 1947) is a Japanese-born Tibetologist who has spent his career in France. He is director of research emeritus at the National Center for Scientific Research in France.Born in Aichi Prefecture, Imaeda graduated from the Otani University Faculty of Letters, where he studied with Shoju Inaba, under whose advice he pursued graduate studies in France, where he earned his Ph.D. at Paris VII. He began work at the CNRS[clarification needed] in 1974. Between 1981 and 1990, he worked as an adviser to the National Library of Bhutan Bhutan. In 1995, he was a visiting professor at the University of California, Berkeley, and has also held a visiting appointment at Columbia University.His research has focused on Dunhuang Tibetan documents, but he has also translated the poems of the VI Dalai lama, and produced a catalog of Kanjur texts. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshiro_Imaeda Source Accessed Feb 2, 2024])shiro_Imaeda Source Accessed Feb 2, 2024]))
Larson, Z. + (Zach Larson is a practitioner in the Longc … Zach Larson is a practitioner in the Longchen Nyingthig lineage of the Nyingma School, who works as a translator, editor and author. He was born in 1978 in Wisconsin and received a BA in "Buddhism and Politics" at UW-Madison in 2001 after a year-long study-abroad program in Kathmandu, Nepal in which he met his first teacher, Changling Tulku Rinpoche of Shechen Monastery, with whom he studied the Longchen Nyinthig preliminaries for six months. While working on the research project "Nonviolence in Tibetan Culture: A glimpse at how Tibetans view and practice nonviolence in politics and daily life," he met and received profound blessings from Chatral Sangye Dorje Rinpoche and offered to compile and translate teachings by him in the coming years. Chatral Rinpoche approved of the idea, and Larson returned to Wisconsin to study Tibetan language and Buddhism for three years at the UW-Madison Graduate School. He returned to Nepal in 2004 and compiled, edited, and translated Chatral Rinpoche's biography and teachings into the book ''Compassionate Action: The Teachings of Chatral Rinpoche'', which was published by Shechen Publications in New Delhi in 2005.Larson attended the full Nyingma Kama Wang with Trulshik Rinpoche in the winter of 2004 in Boudha and received the Kunsang Lama'i Shelung empowerment from Tsetrul Rinpoche in January 2005.Snow Lion Publications released an expanded and updated version of ''Compassionate Action'' in 2007. The book has since been translated into Spanish (2009), Indonesian (2009), and Russian (2010). ([https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Zachary_Larson Source Accessed Nov 21, 2023])hary_Larson Source Accessed Nov 21, 2023]))
Patel, P. + ([Prabhubhai Bhikhabhai Patel] belonged to … [Prabhubhai Bhikhabhai Patel] belonged to a peasant family of Kunabi caste and was born at Sarpor-Pardi of the district of Surat in 1906. He had one sister and five brothers, he himself being the fourth. His father was Sri Bhikhabhai and mother Srimati Benabai. His education began at the village school of Satem andthence he was sent with his nephew Sri Govindaji Bhulabhai Patel, now a Homeopathic Physician atNavasari, to the Central Boarding School of Supa. It was a village middle school. After his reading up to Matriculation came the call of Mahatma Gandhi for triple boycott of schools and colleges, Government Law Courts and foreign cloths. This was in 1919. Having given up school he joined a National School at Surat and from that time till his death he used to put on ''khaddar'' [homespun cotton cloth of India].After two years in 1921 he went to the Gujarat Vidyapith, the National University founded by Mahatma Gandhi, and plunged deep in Congress ideology. There he came under the influence of such leaders and thinkers as Principal A. T. Gidwani, Acharya J. B. Kripalani, Kaka Kalelkar and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, andProf. Dharmananda Kausambi. The last-named teacher impressed upon him the glory of the ancient lore ofIndia.Prabhubhai then come to Visva-bharati, Santiniketan with some other students from that part of the country. Indeed, it was owing to his personal influence that at that time a good number of Gujarati students came to Santiniketan and joined the different departments of Visva-bharati. In due time Prabhubhai was admitted to the Yidya-bhavana, the Research Department of the institution of which I was then the Principal. I had there the good fortune of teaching students coming not only from the different parts of the country, but also from such distant lands as Japan and Germany.As a student Prabhubhai endeared himself to all his teachers and inmates of the Asrama including our revered Gurudeva, Rabindranath. He was very intelligent and promising. In the Vidya-bhavana he was one of those students who studied under my personal guidance and I felt fortunate and proud to have him as a pupil. His subject of study here was Buddhism with special reference to its Tibetan and Chinese sources.Here in Yisva-bharati he lived for more than seven years and made it almost his permanent home. Once again come the call from Mahatma Gandhi, and Prabhubhai left his studies for the time being in order to serve his motherland and courted arrest and was imprisoned. This proved too much for him, for after two years of jail life he came out a total wreck in health. His robust constitution broke down and he developed hemiplagia from a little strain in his spine. Best of India's doctors, physicians, surgeons and specialists in nature-cure could do no better than giving some temporary relief. He removed to the house of his nephew Dr. G. B. Patel, already referred to, at Navasari. He was now a complete invalid, crippled and confined to his wheel-chair and bed, but his mind was clear till the end which came on the 30th December, 1942. He was taken to his village home where he breathed his last after an agony of red sores and now lies buried in his family land. He remained unmarried after the divorce from his wife with whom he was married at a very tender age according to the social custom prevailing there at the time. (Vidhushekhara Bhattacharya, foreword to ''Cittavisuddhiprakarana of Aryadeva'', vi–vii)tavisuddhiprakarana of Aryadeva'', vi–vii))
Mkhan chen zla zer + (he was from Rahor, a branch of Dzogchen mo … he was from Rahor, a branch of Dzogchen monastery founded by the Third Dzogchen Rinpoche in Gyalrong near Dergé. He was a student of Pöpa Tulku. He escaped from Tibet together with his former classmate Rahor Khenpo Tupten and went together with him to Sikkim via Bhutan.He taught at Namdroling in South India, where he also compiled a collection of prayers and liturgies used in Nyingma rituals, and eventually returned to Tibet, where he taught at the Shri Singha Shedra at Dzogchen Monastery. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Daw%C3%A9_%C3%96zer Source Accessed on January 24, 2024])'''Read more: ''':Marilyn Silverstone, 'Five Nyingmapa Lamas in Sikkim', Kailash: A Journal of Himalayan Studies, 1973, vol. 1.1:Nyoshul Khenpo, A Marvelous Garland of Rare Gems, Padma Publishing, 2005, p. 480'''Writings:'''*དོན་རྣམ་འགྲེལ་པ་ལུང་རིགས་དོ་ཤལ་, don rnam 'grel pa lung rigs do shal (Necklace of Scripture and Reasoning: A Commentary on Mipham Rinpoche's Sword of Wisdom for Thoroughly Ascertaining Reality, ཤེས་རབ་རལ་གྲི་དོན་རྣམ་ངེས) (composed in 1982): https://library.bdrc.io/show/bdr:MW1KG4451*ཆོས་སྤྱོད་བསྡུས་པ་ཕན་བདེའི་དགའ་སྟོན་, chos spyod bsdus pa phan bde'i dga' ston (editor)yod bsdus pa phan bde'i dga' ston (editor))
Lojda, L. + (is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of … is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Vienna. Her teaching areas include Asian Art in Viennese Collections and Ritual Art of the Tibetan Bön tradition. She is co-editor of the exhibition catalogue ''Bön: Geister aus Butter: Kunst und Ritual des alten Tibet'', with Deborah Klimburg-Salter, and Charles Ramble.Wien: Museum für Völkerkunde 2013, and also of the first volume of the papers from the 20th conference of the European Association for South Asian Archaeology and Art entitled ''Changing Forms and Cultural Identity: Religious and Secular Iconographies'', edited by Deborah Klimburg-Salter, and Linda Lojda. Turnhout: Brepols 2014. ([https://brill.com/display/book/9789004307438/B9789004307438_001.xml Source Accessed Aug 1, 2023])7438_001.xml Source Accessed Aug 1, 2023]))
Śaṃkarasvāmin + (Śaṃkarasvāmin. (T. Bde byed bdag po; C. Sh … Śaṃkarasvāmin. (T. Bde byed bdag po; C. Shangjieluozhu; J. Shökarashu; K. Sanggallaju 商羯羅主) (c. sixth Century CE). Sanskrit proper name of an Indian philosopher and logician, who was a student of the Indian logician Dignāga. Śaṃkarasvāmin is credited with the authorship of the ''Nyāyapraveśa'', or "Primer on Logic," which became an important work in many Asian schools. Some have argued, based on the Tibetan tradition, that the ''Nyāyapraveśa'' was actually written by Śaṃkarasvāmin's teacher Dignāga, and that the recension translated into Chinese is a version that Śaṃkarasvāmin later edited. The ''Nyāyapraveśa'' provides an introduction to the logical system of Dignāga, covering such subjects as valid and invalid methods of proof, methods of refutation, perception, erroneous perception, inference, and erroneous inference. Although Śaṃkarasvāmin's work was not as extensive, detailed, or original Dignāga's, it proved to be popular within the tradition, as attested by its extensive commentarial literature, including exegeses by non-Buddhists. Large parts of the work survive in the original Sanskrit. (Source: "Śaṃkarasvāmin." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 755. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))

Abé, R. + (After completing an undergraduate degree i … After completing an undergraduate degree in Economics at Keio University, Ryūichi Abé acquired a master’s degree from the School of Advanced International Affairs, the Johns Hopkins University. He then turned to Religious Studies and was awarded an M. Phil. and Ph.D. from Columbia University. Professor Abé’s research interests center around Buddhism and visual culture, Buddhism and literature, Buddhist theory of language, history of Japanese esoteric Buddhism, Shinto-Buddhist interaction, and Buddhism and gender. He has been teaching wide-ranging graduate and undergraduate courses on East Asian religions and premodern and early modern Japanese religions.His publications include ''Great Fool–Zen Master Ryōkan'' (University of Hawaii Press), the ''Weaving of Mantra–Kūkai and the Construction of Esoteric Buddhist Discourse'' (Columbia University Press), "Word" (in Lopez ed., ''Critical Terms in Buddhist Studies'', University of Chicago Press), "Genjō sanzō no tōei: ''Shingon hasso gyōjōzu'' no saikaishaku" (Tripitaka Master Xuanzang and His Reflections: reinterpreting the narrative painting series ''Deeds of the Shingon Patriarchs''), Sano Midori, et al. eds., ''Chūsei kaiga no matorikkusu II'' (''Matrix of Medieval Paintings II'', Seikansha Press), "Heian shoki tennō no seiken kōtai to kanjō girei" (Early Heian Imperial Succession and Abhiseka Ritual), Nemoto Seiji, et al. eds., ''Nara Bukkyō no dentō to kakushin'' (''Tradition and Innovation in the Buddhism of Nara'', Bensei Shuppan Press), "Revisiting the Dragon Princess: her role in medieval origin stories and its implications in reading the ''Lotus Sutra''" (''Japanese Journal of Religious Studies''), and "Women and the Heike nōkyō: The Dragon Princess, the Jewel and the Buddha" (''Impressions, The Journal of the Japanese Art Society of America''). ([https://rijs.fas.harvard.edu/ryuichi-abe Source Accessed Sept 4, 2020])d.edu/ryuichi-abe Source Accessed Sept 4, 2020]))

A paM gter ston chos dbyings rdo rje + ('''Apang Terchen Orgyen Trinlé Lingpa (189 … '''Apang Terchen Orgyen Trinlé Lingpa (1895-1945)'''Choktrul Lozang Tendzin of Trehor studied with the lord Kunga Palden and the Chömaster Dharma Seng-gé, and Apang Terchen in turn studied with Lozang Tendzin.Apang Terchen, also known as Orgyen Trinlé Lingpa, was renowned as the rebirth ofRigdzin Gödem. He was reputed to have been conceived in the following way: TraktungDudjom Lingpa focused his enlightened intent while resting in the basic spaceof timeless awareness, whereupon Apang Terchen's mother experienced an intensesurge of delight. This caused all ordinary concepts based on confusion to be arrestedin her mind for a short time, and it was then that Apang Terchen was conceived in herwomb.2 From that moment on, his mother constantly had dreams that were amazingomens. For example, she found herself among groups of dakinis enjoying the splendorof ganachakras, or being bathed by many dakas and dakinis, or dwelling in pavilionsof light, illuminating the entire world with her radiance.The child was born one morning at dawn, in the area of Serta in eastern Tibet, hismother having experienced no discomfort. Her dwelling was filled with [2.188a] andsurrounded by light, as though the sun were shining brightly. There were also pavilionsof light, and a fragrance pervaded the entire area, although no one could tellwhere it came from. Everyone saw numerous amazing signs on the child's body, suchas a tuft of vulture feathers adorning the crown of his head.3 The mother's brother,Sönam Dorjé, asked, "What will become of this boy who has no father? How shamefulit would be if people saw these feathers!"4 But although he cut the feather tuftoff the child's head several times, it grew back on its own, just as before. This upsetSönam Dorjé even more, and he berated his sister angrily, saying on numerous occasions,"How could your child have no father? You must tell me who he is!" Hissister retorted, "With the truth of karma as my witness, I swear I have never lain witha flesh-and-blood man of this world. This pregnancy might be a result of my ownkarma." She became so extremely depressed that her fellow villagers couldn't bear itand used various means to bring a halt to her brother's inappropriate behavior.From an early age, this great master, Apang Terchen, felt an innate and unshakablefaith in Guru Rinpoché and had a clear and natural knowledge [2.188b] of the ''vajra guru'' mantra and the Seven-Line Supplication. He learned how to read and writesimply upon being shown the letters and exhibited incredible signs of his spiritual potentialawakening. For example, his intelligence, which had been developed throughtraining in former lifetimes, was such that no one could compete with him. As hegrew up, he turned his attention toward seeking the quintessential meaning of life.He studied at the feet of many teachers and mentors, including the Nyingtik masterGyatsok Lama Damlo and Terchen Sogyal, studying many of the mainstream traditionsof the sutras and tantras, especially those of the kama and terma.The most extraordinary lord of his spiritual family was Trehor Drakar Tulku,5with whom he studied for a long time, receiving the complete range of empowerments,oral transmissions, and pith instructions of the secret Nyingtik cycles of utter lucidity.He went to solitary ravines throughout the region, making caves and overhangson cliffs his dwelling places, taking birds and wild animals as his companions, andrelying on the most ragged clothing and meager diet. He planted the victory bannerof spiritual practice, meditating for a long period of time. He was graced by visions ofan enormous array of his personal meditation deities, [2.189a] including Tara, Avalokiteshvara,Mañjushri, Sarasvati, and Amitayus. He was not content to leave thetrue nature of phenomena an object of intellectual speculation, and his realizationprogressed in leaps and bounds.Apang Terchen bound the eight classes of gods and demons — including such spiritsas Nyenchen Tanglha, Ma Pomra, and Sergyi Drong-ri Mukpo6 — to his service.He communicated directly with Tsiu Marpo, the white form of Mahakala, Ganapati,and other protective deities, like one person conversing with another, and enjoinedthem to carry out his enlightened activities. So great was his might that he also boundthese protective deities to his service, causing lightning to strike and so forth, so thatthose who had become his enemies were checked by very direct means, before years,months, or even days had passed.Notably, he beheld the great master of Orgyen in a vision and was blessed as theregent of Guru Padmakara's three secret aspects. On the basis of a prophecy he receivedat that time, Apang Terchen journeyed to amazing holy sites, such as DraklhaGönpo in Gyalrong, Khandro Bumdzong in the lowlands of eastern Tibet, and DorjéTreldzong in Drakar, where he revealed countless terma caches consisting of teachings,objects of wealth, and sacred substances. He revealed some of them in secret,others in the presence of large crowds. In these ways, he revealed a huge trove of profoundtermas. [2.189b] Those revealed publicly were brought forth in the presence ofmany fortunate people and in conjunction with truly incredible omens, which freedall present from the bonds of doubt and inspired unshakable faith in them. ApangTerchen's fame as an undisputed siddha and tertön resounded throughout the land, asthough powerful enough to cause the earth to quake. His terma teachings are foundin the numerous volumes of his collected works and include ''The Hidden Treasure of Enlightened Mind: The Thirteen Red Deities'', practices focusing on the Three Roots, cycles concerning guardian deities and the principle of enlightened activity, and his large instruction manual on Dzogchen teachings.Apang Terchen's students, from Dartsedo in the east, to Repkong in Amdo to thenorth, to the three regions of Golok and other areas, included mentors who nurturedthe teachings and beings, masters such as those known as the "four great illuminatorsof the teachings," the "four vajra ridgepoles,11 the "four named Gyatso," the "greatmasters, the paired sun and moon," and Jangchub Dorjé (the custodian of ApangTerchen's termas).7 He also taught important political figures who exerted greatinfluence over the people of their areas, including the "four great chieftains of theregion of Dza in the north," [2.190a] that is, Getsé Tsering Dorjé of Dza in the northernreaches of eastern Tibet, Gönlha of Akyong in Golok, Mewa Namlo of the Méregion of Golok, and the chieftain of Serta in Washul. Apang Terchen's students alsoincluded countless monks, nuns, villagers, and lay tantric practitioners. He transmittedhis own termas and the great Nyingtik cycles of the Dzogchen teachings, and sonumerous were those he guided that he truly embodied the enlightened activity ofone who held sway over the three realms. In these times of spiritual degeneration, healleviated problems caused by disease, famine, border wars, and civil unrest. In suchways, Apang Terchen rendered great service to the land of Tibet. His kindness to theTibetan people as a whole was truly extraordinary, for he worked to ensure a gloriousstate of peace and well-being.During a pilgrimage to Jowo Yizhin Norbu, the statue of the lord Shakyamuni inLhasa, Apang Terchen paid respect to many tens of thousands of ordained membersof the sangha, sponsoring ganachakras, making offerings, and offering meals, tea,and donations at such monastic centers as Sera, Drepung, and Ganden. He sponsoredthe gilding of statues in these centers and in such ways strove to reinforce his positivequalities. Everyone could see that no matter how many avenues he found to extendgenerosity, his resources of gold, silver, and other valuables [2.190b] continued toincrease, as though he had access to a treasure mine.Among his heart children and intimate students were his sons, Gyurmé Dorjé,Wangchen Nyima, and Dotrul Rinpoché; his daughter, Tare Lhamo; and the custodianof his termas, Jangchub Dorjé. Until recently, Tare Lhamo lived in eastern Tibet,maintaining the teachings.8Thus did Apang Terchen benefit beings with his incredible compassion and activities.As his life was nearing an end, he remarked, "For the sake of the teachings andof beings, I must enter the bloodline of the glorious Sakya school." This fearless lion'sroar proved to be his last testament, spoken with an unobscured awareness of past,present, and future. He then manifested incredible miracles and departed for thegreat palace of Pema Ö.Source: Richard Barron translation of Nyoshul Khenpo, A Marvelous Garland of Rare Gems: Biographies of Masters of Awareness in the Dzogchen Lineage, Padma Publications, 2005, pages 488-491., Padma Publications, 2005, pages 488-491.)
Forsten, A. + ( *1961 born in Staveren on March 28 *1981- … *1961 born in Staveren on March 28*1981-1986 sailor at shipping companies, Rotterdam*1986-1993 studied Indology at Leiden University*1991 studied at Hamburg University*1991-1996 studied philosophy at Leiden University*1997-2002 research fellow at the CNWS, Leiden University*2000-2002 substitute lecturer Buddhology and Indian philosophy, Leiden University*2004 PhD under the supervision of T.E. Vetter and Th.C.W. Oudemans, Leiden University*2002-present teacher at Stanislas College, Pijnackerent teacher at Stanislas College, Pijnacker )
Gutschow, K. + ( *Education :B.A. Harvard University (1988 … *Education:B.A. Harvard University (1988):M.A. Harvard University (1995):Ph.D. Harvard University (1998)*Areas of Expertise:Reproductive Justice:Climate Justice:Maternal Mortality:Mindfulness & Medicine:Buddhism, Bodies, & Sexuality:Anthropology of South Asia:Irrigation & Social Power:India & Himalayas:Obstetrics, Maternity Care, & COVID-19([https://anso.williams.edu/profile/kgutscho/ Source Accessed April 13, 2021: Williams College])le/kgutscho/ Source Accessed April 13, 2021: Williams College]) )
Gzhon nu rgyal mchog + (1. (from kong sprul gsan yig @ v. 1, f. 16 … 1. (from kong sprul gsan yig @ v. 1, f. 16v)important master in the bka' ma transmission lineage of the rgyud bzhi.2. important bka' gdams/sa skya master in lineage of the blo sbyong teachings; he was involved with his student sems dpa' chen po dkon mchog rgyal mtshan in the compilation of the blo sbyong brgya rtsa. ([https://library.bdrc.io/show/bdr:P1943 Source Accessed June 12, 2022])/bdr:P1943 Source Accessed June 12, 2022]))
Fynn, C. + (===Active Projects=== *Working as a consul … ===Active Projects===*Working as a consultant for the [http://www.dzongkha.gov.bt/ Dzongkha Development Commission]*[http://www.thlib.org/ Tibetan & Himalayan Library - Sections on Tibetan Script]*[http://sites.google.com/site/chrisfynn2/tibetanscriptfonts/jomolhari Jomolhari Font]*[https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/free-tibetan/ Free Tibetan Fonts Project]===Some Previous Projects===*Worked as a consultant for the National Library of Bhutan*Bhutan National Digital Library*Oversaw the text input for a new edition of Padma Lingpa's zab gter chos mdzod for HE Gangteng Tulku's Padmasambhava Project.:([https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Christopher_Fynn Source: Chris Fynn, RyWiki Entry])===Other Links===*[http://sites.google.com/site/chrisfynn2/home/tibetanscriptfonts Tibetan script info]*[http://sites.google.com/site/chrisfynn2/ Web site]*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Cfynn Chris Fynn] at Wikimedia Commonski/User:Cfynn Chris Fynn] at Wikimedia Commons)
Ch'ien, H. + (A diligent, student and cultivator, Dharma … A diligent, student and cultivator, Dharma Master Heng Ch'ien has been one of the foremost students to sit at the feet of the Venerable Tripitaka Master Hsuan Hua. He studied the Dharma Blossom Sutra for over five years, and has been explaining it for more than four. His understanding of the Sutra is deep and comprehensive, and his lectures have made the Sutra's principles clear and easy to understand. ([http://www.dharmasite.net/vbs28/28_7.htm Adapted from Source Oct 1, 2022])28_7.htm Adapted from Source Oct 1, 2022]))
Dharmaruci + (A fifth-century monk from Central Asia. In … A fifth-century monk from Central Asia. In 405 he went to Ch'ang-an in China. He completed the Chinese translation of The Ten Divisions of Monastic Rules with Kumārajīva. Kumārajīva and Punyatāra earlier had begun to translate this work from Sanskrit into Chinese, but due to Punyatāra's death the translation had been suspended. Upon the request of the priest Hui-yüan and the ruler Yao Hsing of the Later Ch'in dynasty, Dharmaruchi, who was well versed in rules of monastic discipline, completed the translation with Kumārajīva. Later aspiring to disseminate the rules of monastic discipline to areas where they were still unknown, he embarked on a journey. His life after that is not known. ([https://www.nichirenlibrary.org/en/dic/Content/D/59 Source Accessed Aug 27, 2021])ontent/D/59 Source Accessed Aug 27, 2021]))
Śaṅkara + (A highly influential Vedāntic thinker and … A highly influential Vedāntic thinker and exegete. Now credited with the founding of the Advaita Vedānta tradition, he has been promoted by many, particularly in the modern era, as the greatest Hindu philosopher. Nothing is known of his life beyond the hagiographies; these portray him as a brahmin from the small village of Kālati in Kerala who became a saṃnyāsin at the age of seven. According to the tradition, his guru was called Govindapāda and his paramaguru (his teacher's teacher) was Gauḍapāda. (Gauḍapāda was the reputed author of the earliest identifiable Advaita text, the Gauḍapādīya Kārikā, the basis of a commentary attributed to Śaṅkara.) The boy Śaṅkara moved to Vārāṇasī, where he acquired his own pupils, including Padmapāda and Sureśvara. Moving again, to Badrinātha, he composed the earliest surviving commentary on the Brahmasūtras, supposedly while still only twelve years old. Thereafter, he led the life of a peripatetic debater and teacher, before dying at the age of 32 in the Himālayas. During his period of wandering he is supposed to have founded an India-wide network of Advaitin monasteries, each with its associated order of saṃnyāsins, later identified as the Daśanāmis. There is some evidence, however, that these maṭhas may have been established much later in the history of Advaita, and it should be noted that while the Daśanāmis have a markedly Śaiva affiliation, it is likely that Śaṅkara himself was born into a smārta Vaiṣṇava family. Nevertheless, by around the 10th century ce, through the advocacy of his pupils, and various subcommentators, and the critical response of rival schools, Śaṅkara had become established as the major proponent of Advaita, and a large number of works, both philosophical and devotional began to be attributed to him. Most scholars now agree that only a small proportion of these texts should be unreservedly accepted as the work of the 8th-century Śaṅkara. Apart from one independent text, the Upadeśasāhasrī (‘Thousand Teachings’), these are all commentaries (bhāṣyas), namely: the Brahmasūtrabhāṣya (also known as the Śārīrakabhāṣya), bhāṣyas on the Bṛhadāraṅyaka and Taittirīya Upaniṣads, and (probably) the Bhagavadgītā, as well as the commentary on the Gauḍapādīya Kārikā (itself a commentary on the Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad). Some scholars also regard commentaries on the other major Upaniṣads (with the possible exception of the Śvetāśvatara) as genuine. ([https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100440958 Source Accessed Mar 4, 2022])803100440958 Source Accessed Mar 4, 2022]))
Amtzis, J. + (A long term student of the Dharma, Judith … A long term student of the Dharma, Judith met both Holiness Pema Norbu Rinpoche and Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche in 1976, and has lived in Asia since then, primarily in Kathmandu, Nepal. On the request of Holiness Penor Rinpoche, she collaborated with Khenpo Sonam Tsewang of Namdroling Monastery in Mysore to translate the Liberation Story of Namcho Migyur Dorje, the terton who discovered the treasures that make up the core of the Palyul tradition. This biography is entitled ''The All-Pervading Melodious Sound of Thunder'', and was written by the first Karma Chagme Rinpoche. ([http://levekunst.com/team_member/judith-amtzis/ Adapted from Source July 20, 2022])mtzis/ Adapted from Source July 20, 2022]))
Bodhiruci + (A renowned Indian translator and monk (to … A renowned Indian translator and monk (to be distinguished from a subsequent Bodhiruci [s.v.] who was active in China two centuries later during the Tang dynasty). Bodhiruci left north India for Luoyang, the Northern Wei capital, in 508. He is said to have been well versed in the Tripiṭaka and talented at incantations. Bodhiruci stayed at the monastery of Yongningsi in Luoyang from 508 to 512 and with the help of Buddhaśānta (d.u.) and others translated over thirty Mahāyāna sūtras and treatises, most of which reflect the latest developments in Indian Mahāyāna, and especially Yogācāra. His translations include the ''Dharmasaṃgīti'', ''Shidijing lun'', ''Laṅkāvatārasūtra'', ''Vajracchedikāprajñāpāramitāsūtra'', and the ''Wuliangshou jing youpotishe yuansheng ji'', attributed to Vasubandhu. Bodhiruci’s translation of the ''Shidijing lun'', otherwise known more simply as the ''Di lun'', fostered the formation of a group of Yogācāra specialists in China that later historians retroactively call the Di lun zong. According to a story in the ''Lidai fabao ji'', a jealous Bodhiruci, assisted by a monk from Shaolinsi on Songshan named Guangtong (also known as Huiguang, 468–537), is said to have attempted on numerous occasions to poison the founder of the Chan school, Bodhidharma, and eventually succeeded. Bodhiruci is also said to have played an instrumental role in converting the Chinese monk Tanluan from Daoist longevity practices to the pure land teachings of the ''Guan Wuliangshou jing''. (Source: "Bodhiruci." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 133. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Bentz, A. + (AY\E-SOPHIE BENTZ is a teaching assistant at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in Geneva. Her research focuses on the politics of the Tibetan diaspora.)
Pāramiti + (According to the account in the Chinese ca … According to the account in the Chinese cataloguer Zhisheng's ''Xu gujin yijing tuji'', the ''Śūraṃgamasūtra'' was brought to China by a śramaṇa named Pāramiti. Because the ''Śūraṃgamasūtra'' had been proclaimed a national treasure, the Indian king had forbidden anyone to take the sūtra out of the country. In order to transmit this scripture to China, Pāramiti wrote the sūtra out in minute letters on extremely fine silk, then he cut open his arm and hid the small scroll inside his flesh. With the sūtra safely hidden away, Pāramiti set out for China and eventually arrived in Guangdong province. There, he happened to meet the exiled Prime Minister Fangrong, who invited him to reside at the monastery of Zhizhisi, where he translated the sūtra in 705 CE. Apart from Pāramiti's putative connection to the ''Śūraṃgamasūtra'', however, nothing more is known about him and he has no biography in the ''Gaoseng zhuan'' ("Biographies of Eminent Monks"). (Source: "*Śūraṃgamasūtra." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 873–74. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Gyaltsen, Tenpa + (Acharya Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen is core facult … Acharya Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen is core faculty at Nitartha Institute and recently retired from [https://www.naropa.edu/faculty/acharya-gyaltsen.php Naropa University].Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen was born in Trakar, Nepal, near the Tibetan border. He completed 10 years of traditional scholastic training at [http://www.rumtek.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=400&Itemid=612&lang=en Karma Shri Nalanda Institute] at Rumtek Monastery, Sikkim, India, graduating as acharya with honours (graduated in the same class as [[Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche]]). This was followed by traditional yogic training in the first three-year retreat to be conducted at Jamgon Kongtrul Rinpoche's monastery in Pullahari, Nepal. Following the advice of [[Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche]], Lama Tenpa taught at various Kagyu centers in Europe (Teksum Tashi Choling in Hamburg, Germany), at Nitartha, and centers in Canada. In 2004 he moved to Boulder, CO and began teaching at Naropa University. He retired from Naropa in 2020. Learn more about Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen on the [https://nitarthainstitute.org/about/nitartha-faculty/ Nitartha faculty page] and at [https://nalandabodhi.org/teacher/acharya-lama-tenpa-gyaltsen/ Nalandabodhi].hi.org/teacher/acharya-lama-tenpa-gyaltsen/ Nalandabodhi].)
Miller, Adam + (Adam Tyler Miller is a PhD candidate in th … Adam Tyler Miller is a PhD candidate in the History of Religions at the University of Chicago, Divinity School. His dissertation is tentatively entitled "Under the Precious Banner: A Mahāyāna Affective Regime at Gilgit" (Committee: Christian K. Wedemeyer, Dan Arnold, and Natalie D. Gummer). He completed his MA in Religious Studies at theUniversity of Missouri-Columbia, writing the thesis entitled "The Buddha Said ''That'' Buddha Said So: A Translation and Analysis of "Pūrvayogaparivarta" from the ''Ratnaketu Dhāraṇī Sūtra''.rta" from the ''Ratnaketu Dhāraṇī Sūtra''.)
A 'dzoms rgyal sras rig 'dzin 'gyur me rdo rje + (Adzom Gyalse Gyurme Dorje (Tib. ཨ་འཛོམ་རྒྱ … Adzom Gyalse Gyurme Dorje (Tib. ཨ་འཛོམ་རྒྱལ་སྲས་འགྱུར་མེད་རྡོ་རྗེ་, Wyl. a 'dzom rgyal sras 'gyur med rdo rje) aka Agyur Rinpoche (Wyl. a 'gyur rin po che) (1895-1969) — the third son and student of Adzom Drukpa. He was recognized by Jamgön Kongtrul as an emanation of Orgyen Terdak Lingpa.Adzom Gyalse Gyurme Dorje was the third son and student of Adzom Drukpa Drodul Pawo Dorje. His mother was Tashi Lhamo (Tib. bkra shis lha mo), the daughter of a popular merchant named Budo (Tib. bum dos), who became Adzom Drukpa’s spiritual wife at the recommendation of Jamgön Kongtrul. While regarded as the incarnation of several eminent master, Adzom Gyalse was recognised as the incarnation of Minling Terchen Gyurme Dorje. Adzom Drukpa oversaw the spiritual education of Adzom Gyalse and transmitted to him especially his own terma treasures and the teachings of the Great Perfection such as the Longchen Nyingtik and the Chetsün Nyingtik. These in turn became also the main focus of Adzom Gyalse’s study and practice. Thus Adzom Gyalse rose to become of the main holders of the lineage and transmission of the Great Perfection teachings.Adzom Gyalse took over the legacy of his father and became responsible for, the by his father in 1886 established, Adzom Gar (Tib. A ’dzom gar).[2] Unlike his father, Adzom Gyalse took monastic ordination and remained a monk throughout his entire life. He further developed and expanded Adzom Gar and became its main teacher and holder. While Adzom Gyalse had the potential to become a great tertön he decided to focused instead on the preservation and continuation of existing practices and teachings.In 1958, Adzom Gyalse was arrested and put in prison where he gave teachings to his fellow inmates. He passed away in 1969 with many miraculous signs, and left a letter predicting the date and place of his future rebirth and the names of his future parents. In accordance with this letter, Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche recognised a child born in Bhutan in 1980 as the reincarnation of Adzom Gyalse Gyurme Dorje. This child became a monk at Shechen Monastery and received numerous teachings and initiations from Khyentse Rinpoche. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Adzom_Gyalse_Gyurme_Dorje Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022])yurme_Dorje Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022]))
Sattizahn, E. + (After meeting Suzuki Roshi in 1970, Rinso … After meeting Suzuki Roshi in 1970, Rinso Ed Sattizahn lived at Tassajara from 1973 to 1977. He spent the next five years at City Center, serving as Zen Center's Vice President and President. From 1983 to 2000 Ed held various executive positions in the microcomputer software industry and developed familiarity with how the world works. In 2003, he served as Shuso (Head Student) at Green Gulch Farm, and in the same year co-founded Vimala Sangha in Mill Valley with Lew Richmond. Vimala Sangha is named after Vimalakirti, the famous householder disciple of the Buddha, and is dedicated to the practice of householder Zen in the tradition of Suzuki Roshi. Ed received Lay Entrustment in 2005, was ordained as a Zen priest in 2010, and received Dharma Transmission in 2012, all from Lew Richmond. Ed previously served on the Zen Center Board for six years (2006-2011) and as board chair for three years (2009-2011). In March 2014, Ed became Abiding Abbot at City Center, and in March 2019 stepped into the role of Central Abbot. He remains the guiding teacher at Vimala Sangha Mill Valley. ([https://www.sfzc.org/teachers/rinso-ed-sattizahn Source Accessed August 13, 2020])attizahn Source Accessed August 13, 2020]))
Sadakata, A. + (Akira Sadakata, professor at Tokai University, is a specialist in Indian Philosophy and the author of many books on Buddhism.)
Fox, A. + (Alan Fox is an Professor of Asian and Comp … Alan Fox is an Professor of Asian and Comparative Philosophy and Religion in the Philosophy Department at the University of Delaware. He earned his Ph.D. in Religion from Temple University in 1988, and was a Fulbright Scholar in Taiwan in 1986-87. He came to the University in 1990. He received the University of Delaware’s Excellence in Teaching Award in 1995 and 2006, and the College of Arts and Sciences’ Outstanding Teacher Award in 1999. In 2006 he was named Delaware Professor of the Year by the Carnegie Foundation for Advancement of Teaching and the Council for the Advancement and Support of Education. In 2008 he was named a finalist for the National Inspiring Integrity Award, and in 2012 he was named a Teaching Fellow by the American Association of Philosophy Teachers. He is a former director of both the University Honors Program and the Master of Arts in Liberal Studies Program, as well as advisor to the undergraduate Religious Studies Minor. He has also served as President of the Faculty Senate at both the College and University levels. He has published on Buddhism and Chinese Philosophy. His research is currently focused on Philosophical Daoism. ([https://udel.edu/~afox/ Source Accessed May 18, 2021]).edu/~afox/ Source Accessed May 18, 2021]))
Butters, A. + (Albion M. Butters (Masters of Theological … Albion M. Butters (Masters of Theological Studies, Harvard Divinity School; Fulbright scholar, India; Ph.D., History of Religion, Columbia University) has a specialization in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism. As an Academy of Finland Research Fellow, he is currently engaged in a study on ideological aspects of "Campus Carry" in Texas, focusing in particular on fear and affect, power, and intersections between gun culture and religiosity.Butters is the editor of Studia Orientalia Electronica, an online peer-reviewed imprint of the Studia Orientalia journal (est. 1917, Finnish Oriental Society). His multidisciplinary research interests include questions of identity and meaning-making, shifting ideologies (religious and secular), and the integration of spiritual themes in popular culture. Forthcoming is his monograph titled Spi-Fi: Spiritual Fiction in Comics, which examines the significance of stories and art for identity construction and personal transformation; supported by the Kone Foundation, this research project was inspired by Butters’ involvement as one of the creators of the graphic novel Mandala (Dark Horse Comics, 2014). ([https://utu.academia.edu/AlbionButters Source Academia.edu])ia.edu/AlbionButters Source Academia.edu]))
Graboski, A. + (Allison Choying Zangmo is Anyen Rinpoche's … Allison Choying Zangmo is Anyen Rinpoche's personal translator and a longtime student of both Rinpoche and his root lama, Kyabje Tsara Dharmakirti. She has either translated or collaborated with Rinpoche on all of his books. She lives in Denver, Colorado.She has received empowerments, transmissions and upadesha instructions in the Longchen Nyingthig tradition from Khenchen Tsara Dharmakirti Rinpoche, as well as others of his main students, such as Khenpo Tashi from Do Kham Shedrup Ling. She also received an unusually direct lineage of Do Khyentse Yeshe Dorje’s chod from the realized chodpa Lama Damphel.After moving to the US with Anyen Rinpoche, she received many other empowerments, transmissions and upadesha instructions in the Secret Mantryana tradition from eminent masters such as Taklong Tsetrul Rinpoche, Padma Dunbo, Yangtang Rinpoche, Khenpo Namdrol, Denpai Wangchuk, and Tulku Rolpai Dorje.Allison Choying Zangmo works diligently for both Orgyen Khamdroling and the Phowa Foundation, as well as composing books and translations of traditional texts & sadhanas with Anyen Rinpoche, and spending a portion of each year in retreat. Although she never had any wish to teach Dharma in the west, based on encouragement by Anyen Rinpoche, Tulku Rolpai Dorje and Khenpo Tashi, she began teaching the dharma under Anyen Rinpoche's guidance in 2017. ([https://orgyenkhamdroling.org/rinpoche/allison Source: Orgyen Khamdroling])/rinpoche/allison Source: Orgyen Khamdroling]))
Vanaratna + (Also known by his Tibetan name of nags kyi … Also known by his Tibetan name of nags kyi rin chen (1384-1468), a Bengali Paṇḍita and Māhasiddha, reportedly the "last great Indian Paṇdita to visit Tibet". He was born in Sadnagara, near present-day Chittagong. At age eight he received novice ordination from Buddhaghoṣa and Sujataratna. He took up his studies and perfected them very quickly. At age 20 he received full ordination from the same two masters, and went to Shri Lanka for six years, where he spent most of his time meditating in seclusion. Upon his return to India, he was greatly praised by the famous scholar Narāditya.At Śrī Dhānya-kaṭaka mahā-caitya he met, in a vision, with Māhasiddha Shavaripa and received from him his unique transmission of the Sadaṅga-yoga, the Six-limbed Yoga of the Kālacakra tradition. Vanaratna eventually beheld a vision of Avalokiteśvara, who advised him to go to Tibet.Vanaratna visited Tibet in 1426, 1433 and 1453 and spread the Kālacakra lineage and instructions of Paṇḍita Vibhūti-candra there, especially the Sadaṅga-yoga according to Anupamarakṣita, and many other teachings. He also assisted in the translation of many texts and treatises. Such famous Tibetan masters as Gö Lotsawa Shönnu Pal (1392-1481) and Thrimkang Lotsawa Sönam Gyatso (1424-1482) were his close students. He also spent time in Bhutan, where even nowadays there is a temple, near Paro, with a sacred statue of his and a rock that bears his name in old Bengali script. Vanaratna spent his final years in the Gopicandra Vihara in Patan/Kathmandu, now known as Pinthu Bahal, and passed away there. (Source: [https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Vanaratna RY wiki])i.tsadra.org/index.php/Vanaratna RY wiki]))
Heller, A. + (Amy Heller is affiliated with CNRS, Paris … Amy Heller is affiliated with CNRS, Paris (Tibetan studies unit 7133). She has traveled many times to Tibet, Nepal and along the Silk Road. Her trip to Tibet in 1995 as a part of team for evaluating restoration of monasteries of Gra thang and Zha lu and its subsequent research resulted in her book Tibetan Art (1999) published in English, French, Italian and Spanish. She has been curator for two exhibitions of Tibetan art (Yale University Art Gallery, and Beinecke Library, Yale). Her forthcoming book Hidden Treasures of the Himalaya: Tibetan manuscripts, paintings and sculptures of Dolpo is a study of the cultural history of Dolpo, Nepal, presenting a collection of 650 volumes of 12th-16th century illuminated Tibetan manuscripts conserved in an ancient Dolpo temple.ipts conserved in an ancient Dolpo temple.)
Bacrǎu, A. + (Andrei-Valentin Bacrău's work is focused o … Andrei-Valentin Bacrău's work is focused on extrapolating a theory of ethics from Wittgenstein's views on language. Previously, he was at Nālandā University in Bihar, India, working on comparative ethics. As an undergraduate, he studied at the George Washington University in DC, where he double-majored in International Affairs (Security Policy), and Philosophy (Public Affairs). ([https://uzh.academia.edu/AndreiValentinBacr%C4%83u Adapted from Source Feb 11, 2021])%C4%83u Adapted from Source Feb 11, 2021]))
Rawlinson, A. + (Andrew Rawlinson was a war baby (b.1943) a … Andrew Rawlinson was a war baby (b.1943) and lived in 17 different places by the time he was six. He got hit early on: Elvis, Jelly Roll Morton, Samuel Johnson, John Keats, Jack Kerouac, Cezanne, Pollock. And Zeus. He added philosophy and Indian traditions to rock’n’roll, jazz and literature. He was a scholar at Cambridge and did a Ph.D on the ''Lotus Sūtra'' at the University of Lancaster. He taught Buddhism for 20 years and put on a course on Altered States of Consciousness at Berkeley and Santa Barbara. He is the author of ''The Book of Enlightened Masters: Western Teachers on Eastern Traditions'' (Open Ciourt, 1997) and ''The Hit: Into the Rock’n’Roll Universe and Beyond'' (99 Press, 2014). ([https://explore.scimednet.org/index.php/events/event/the-hit-derangement-and-revelation/ Source Accessed May 19, 2020])revelation/ Source Accessed May 19, 2020]))
Chédel, A. + (André Chédel, born in Neuchâtel in 1915 an … André Chédel, born in Neuchâtel in 1915 and died in Le Locle in 1984, was a self-taught Swiss philosopher and researcher, writer, orientalist and journalist.The only child of a family from Le Locle, he had a great interest in Eastern languages and civilizations from a very young age. He first studied as an autodidact and then in Paris at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, at the School of Oriental Languages and at the Sorbonne between 1936 and 1939.Fascinated by the East and interested in philosophical, spiritual and religious ideas, in 1944 he composed an anthology of Eastern religious and sacred texts, then several essays, in particular ''Judaism and Christianity: the bases of an agreement between Jews and Christians, towards a spiritualist religion'' (1951), ''For a secular humanism'' (1963), ''On the threshold of Solomon's temple: reflections on Freemasonry'' (1977) and finally ''The absolute, this research: analysis of monotheistic religions'' (1980). His literary activity is rich, varied and accessible. Among other things, he also wrote a novel, ''The Rise to Carmel'' (1958), a collection of short stories ''Contes et portraits'' (1958), a set of short texts ''Vagabondages: evocations and reflections'' (1974), as well as various travel stories.At the same time, he translated numerous texts into French, in particular works in Russian (''La Russie face à l'Occident'' by Dostoyevsky in 1945, ''Les Nouvelles'' by Anton Chekhov in 1959), in ancient Greek (''Les Perses d' Eschyle'' in 1946), in Arabic (''Choice of Tales from the Arabian Nights'' in 1949), in Sanskrit (''Bhagavad-Gîtâ'' in 1971 ). In addition, he wrote several prefaces.In addition to his abundant publications, André Chédel was also a freelance journalist and collaborated with numerous daily newspapers and reviews: the Journal de Genève, the Gazette de Lausanne, L'Essor (of which he was the head from 1950 to 1952), L'Impartial, La Revue de Suisse, La Vie protestante, and others.André Chédel was a Freemason, a member of the Swiss Grand Lodge Alpina.He finally received several prizes and distinctions, he is notably Doctor of Letters Honoris Causa from the University of Neuchâtel in 1962. From the French Academy, he received the Louis-Paul-Miller Prize in 1972 for his book ''Vers l'Universalité''. ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Ch%C3%A9del Source Accessed Apr 7, 2022])_Ch%C3%A9del Source Accessed Apr 7, 2022]))
Jack, A. + (Anthony Abraham Jack (Ph.D., Harvard Unive … Anthony Abraham Jack (Ph.D., Harvard University, 2016) is a junior fellow at the Harvard Society of Fellows and an assistant professor of Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. He holds the Shutzer Assistant Professorship at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.His research documents the overlooked diversity among lower-income undergraduates: the ''Doubly Disadvantaged'' — those who enter college from local, typically distressed public high schools — and ''Privileged Poor'' — those who do so from boarding, day, and preparatory high schools. His scholarship appears in the ''Common Reader'', ''Du Bois Review'', ''Sociological Forum'', and ''Sociology of Education'' and has earned awards from the American Educational Studies Association, American Sociological Association, Association for the Study of Higher Education, Eastern Sociological Society, and the Society for the Study of Social Problems. Jack held fellowships from the Ford Foundation and the National Science Foundation and was a National Academy of Education/Spencer Foundation Dissertation Fellow. The National Center for Institutional Diversity at the University of Michigan named him an Emerging Diversity Scholar. In May 2020, Muhlenberg College will award him an honorary doctorate for his work in transforming higher education.The ''New York Times'', ''Boston Globe'', ''The Atlantic'', ''The New Yorker'', ''The Chronicle of Higher Education'', ''The Huffington Post'', ''The Nation'', ''American Conservative Magazine'', ''The National Review'', ''Commentary Magazine'', ''The Washington Post'', ''Financial Times'', ''Times Higher Education'', ''Vice'', ''Vox'', and ''NPR'' have featured his research and writing as well as biographical profiles of his experiences as a first-generation college student. ''The Privileged Poor: How Elite Colleges Are Failing Disadvantaged Students'' is his first book. ([https://www.gse.harvard.edu/faculty/anthony-jack Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021])nthony-jack Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021]))
Waley, A. + (Arthur David Waley (born Arthur David Schl … Arthur David Waley (born Arthur David Schloss, 19 August 1889 – 27 June 1966) was an English orientalist and sinologist who achieved both popular and scholarly acclaim for his translations of Chinese and Japanese poetry. Among his honours were the CBE in 1952, the Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry in 1953, and he was invested as a Companion of Honour in 1956.Although highly learned, Waley avoided academic posts and most often wrote for a general audience. He chose not to be a specialist but to translate a wide and personal range of classical literature. Starting in the 1910s and continuing steadily almost until his death in 1966, these translations started with poetry, such as ''A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems'' (1918) and ''Japanese Poetry: The Uta'' (1919), then an equally wide range of novels, such as ''The Tale of Genji'' (1925–26), an 11th-century Japanese work, and ''Monkey'', from 16th-century China. Waley also presented and translated Chinese philosophy, wrote biographies of literary figures, and maintained a lifelong interest in both Asian and Western paintings.A recent evaluation called Waley "the great transmitter of the high literary cultures of China and Japan to the English-reading general public; the ambassador from East to West in the first half of the 20th century", and went on to say that he was "self-taught, but reached remarkable levels of fluency, even erudition, in both languages. It was a unique achievement, possible (as he himself later noted) only in that time, and unlikely to be repeated. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Waley Source Accessed Apr 22, 2020])rthur_Waley Source Accessed Apr 22, 2020]))
Peetush, A. + (Ashwani Peetush is Associate Professor of … Ashwani Peetush is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Wilfrid Laurier University in Waterloo, Ontario. His research areas encompass ethics, political philosophy, and Indian philosophy; particular themes of interest include human rights, pluralism,and the metaphysics of the self and consciousness in Advaita Vedānta and Buddhism. His recent publications include ''Human Rights: India and the West'' (edited with Jay Drydyk, OUP, 2015); "Justice, Diversity, and Dialogue: Rawlsian Multiculturalism"in ''Multiculturalism and Religious Identity'', ed. S. Sikka and L. Beaman (McGill-Queens Press, 2014); and "The Ethics of Radical Equality" in ''The Bloomsbury Research Handbook of Indian Ethics'', ed. S. Ranganathan (Bloomsbury, 2017). (Source: [[Ethics without Self, Dharma without Atman]])[Ethics without Self, Dharma without Atman]]))
Bielefeldt, C. + (Associate professor in the Department of R … Associate professor in the Department of Religious Studies at Stanford University. He is a specialist on early Japanese Zen whose major work to date is Dōgen's Manuals of Zen Meditation, which was corecipient of the 1990 Hiromi Arisawa Memorial Award from the Association of American University Presses with the Japan Foundation.versity Presses with the Japan Foundation.)
Hoernle, A. + (Augustus Frederic Rudolf Hoernlé (1841–191 … Augustus Frederic Rudolf Hoernlé (1841–1918), also referred to as Rudolf Hoernle or A. F. Rudolf Hoernle, was an Indologist and philologist. He is famous for his studies on the Bower Manuscript (1891), Weber Manuscript (1893) and other discoveries in northwestern China and Central Asia particularly in collaboration with Aurel Stein. Born in India to a Protestant missionary family from Germany, he completed his education in Switzerland, and studied Sanskrit in the United Kingdom. He returned to India, taught at leading universities there, and in the early 1890s published a series of seminal papers on ancient manuscripts, writing scripts, and cultural exchange between India, China, and Central Asia. His collection after 1895 became a victim of forgery by Islam Akhun and colleagues in Central Asia, a forgery revealed to him in 1899. He retired and settled in Oxford in 1899. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Hoernl%C3%A9 Source Accessed December 5, 2019])l%C3%A9 Source Accessed December 5, 2019]))
Ba ri lo tsA ba + (Bari Lotsawa, also known as Rinchen Drak, … Bari Lotsawa, also known as Rinchen Drak, was the second throne holder of Sakya school (Tib. Sakya Trizin). At the age of 63, he retained the seat of Sakya for a period of eight years (1102-1110). He is one of the main lineage figures in the transmission and translation of the White Tara practice and tantras that originate from the Indian master Vagishvarakirti. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Bari_Lotsawa Rigpa Wiki])/index.php?title=Bari_Lotsawa Rigpa Wiki]))
Connelly, B. + (Ben Connelly is a Soto Zen teacher and dha … Ben Connelly is a Soto Zen teacher and dharma heir in the Katagiri lineage based at Minnesota Zen Meditation Center. He also provides secular mindfulness training in a variety of contexts including police training, half-way houses, and correctional facilities, and is a professional musician. He lives in Minneapolis, Minnesota. (Source: Amazon Author Page)Learn more at the [https://www.mnzencenter.org/teachers.html Minnesota Zen Meditation Center website].Watch a video of Ben talking about his book ''Vasubandhu’s Three Natures'': https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBK5k17eYDwttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBK5k17eYDw)
Newman, B. + (Beth Newman received her PhD in South Asia … Beth Newman received her PhD in South Asian Languages and Literature from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She teaches at Ringling School of Art and Design in Sarasota, Florida, and is the translator of ''[[The Tale of the Incomparable Prince]]'' and worked on [[Steps on the Path to Enlightenment, Vol. 1]], [[Steps on the Path to Enlightenment, Vol. 3|Vol. 3]], and [[Steps on the Path to Enlightenment, Vol. 4|Vol. 4]]. (Source: [http://www.wisdompubs.org/author/beth-newman Wisdom Publications])g/author/beth-newman Wisdom Publications]))
Kakas, B. + (Beáta is both an indologist and orientalis … Beáta is both an indologist and orientalist. Her research area is Tibetan Buddhism. Her writings are for both popular and professional audiences. Recently she has done interpreting and teaching in Tibetan and Sanskrit languages. She is also keen on translating Tibetan texts, interested in all things related to Tibetan and Indian culture, lifestyle and Himalayan people. Beáta lived in India for a year, and she returns there from time to time, visiting places such as cedar woods and wonderful mountain villages . . . ([http://viewriter.hu/whohelped.html Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2022])ed.html Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2022]))
Red Pine + (Bill Porter (born October 3, 1943) is an A … Bill Porter (born October 3, 1943) is an American author and translator of Chinese and Sanskrit works who writes under the name Red Pine (Chi Song). [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Porter_(author) Source]*2018: Porter, 74, a translator of Chinese poetry and author, has been awarded the American Academy of Arts & Letters Thornton Wilder Prize for translation. He writes under the name Red Pine (Chi Song) and has lived in Port Townsend since the late 1980s. ([https://www.peninsuladailynews.com/news/port-townsend-translator-of-chinese-poets-wins-national-prize/ Source Accessed May 8, 2020])-national-prize/ Source Accessed May 8, 2020]))
Matilal, B. + (Bimal Krishna Matilal was an eminent India … Bimal Krishna Matilal was an eminent Indian philosopher whose writings presented the Indian philosophical tradition as a comprehensive system of logic incorporating most issues addressed by themes in Western philosophy. From 1977 to 1991 he was the Spalding Professor of Eastern Religion and Ethics at the University of Oxford. He was also the founding editor of the Journal of Indian Philosophy.([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimal_Krishna_Matilal Source Accessed July 3, 2020])hna_Matilal Source Accessed July 3, 2020]))
Little, H. + (Binks devoted much of his life to the stud … Binks devoted much of his life to the study and teaching of religion. Before coming to Williams, he taught religion at Wilson College in Chambersburg, Pa., and served as a teaching assistant at Harvard, where he earned his Ph.D.At Williams, he contributed greatly to the life of the college, both inside and outside the classroom. In the 20 years during which he chaired the Department of Religion, starting in 1967, rapid growth of departmental enrollments, followed by new faculty appointments, set the stage for the development of an exciting and rigorous introductory religion course that was both highly popular at Williams and emulated nationally.An intellectual who cared deeply about his students, Binks was intensely curious about developments in the full range of liberal arts disciplines. “Almost immediately following his faculty appointment in the Department of Religion, it became apparent that Binks Little had the potential to become a significant leader in his department and in the college generally,” says John Chandler, Williams president, emeritus, who served as dean of the faculty and religion department chair when Binks joined Williams.Binks was also the first-ever chair of the Committee of Undergraduate Life when it was conceived in the late 1960s. Under his leadership, the committee recommended and the college implemented major revisions of protocols governing residential life. He also paved the way for student membership on standing committees that, up until then, were strictly composed of faculty. “Binks had a great memory for students and a complete devotion to them,” says Mark C. Taylor, Cluett Professor of Humanities, emeritus.Binks became a full professor in 1974. That year he was appointed the managing editor of the American Academy of Religion Dissertation Series, a publishing venture organized to make outstanding doctoral research in the study of religion readily available to the wider scholarly community.Shortly before he retired from Williams, Binks participated for two years in an experimental faculty development program, mentoring second-year faculty across the academic divisions and coordinating and directing periodic seminars and conferences that addressed the myriad challenges faced by new faculty members.Born in St. Louis, Mo., in 1932, Binks grew up in Columbus, Ohio, and Pasadena, Calif., and attended Deerfield Academy. He graduated from Princeton University in 1954 and earned a B.D. from Princeton Theological Seminary in 1957, having spent the 1954-55 academic year at the University of Edinburgh. He earned a Ph.D. from Harvard in 1965. ([https://president.williams.edu/writings-and-remarks/articles-2/the-passing-of-professor-h-ganse-binks-little/ Source Accessed Apr 21, 2022])nks-little/ Source Accessed Apr 21, 2022]))
Miller, Robert J. + (Bob received his B.A. from the University … Bob received his B.A. from the University of Michigan and his Ph.D. from the University of Washington at Seattle.His regional area of focus at that time was Inner Mongolia. Bob and Bea [his wife] conducted fieldwork in Darjeeling District inWest Bengal, where they gathered information from Tibetan refugees and developed a life-long sympathy for Tibet. Bobtaught for three years in the University of Washington at Seattle before joining the Anthropology Department in theUniversity of Wisconsin in 1959. At that time, Wisconsin's Department of Indian Studies was still taking shape. Afaculty committee interested in India had succeeded in gaining approval for the Department, but the scope of the fledglingDepartment was far from clear. During 1960-61 interested faculty, including Bob Miller, held a Weekend Retreat wherethey discussed basic curriculum, faculty to be recruited, and new courses to be introduced for the Department of IndianStudies. . . . Bob's publications include numerous articles in encyclopedias and journals. His books and monographs include ''A Regional Handbook on the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region'', edited by Helmut Wilhelm (New Haven, 1956), to which he contributed three chapters and co-authored four others; ''Monasteries and Culture Change in Inner Mongolia'' (Weisbaden, 1959, Gottinger Asiatische Forschungen, Band Il), and ''Religious Ferment in Asia'' (Lawrence, 1974) that he edited and to which he contributed editorial comments. In the 1970s Bob's interests began to focus on the cultural anthropology of siliconage technological change. His articles appeared in new journals such as ''Futurics'' and ''AnthroTech'', and in 1983 he edited and contributed to ''Robotics: Future Factories, Future Workers'' (''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences'', Vol. 470). . . . ([https://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1485&context=himalaya Source Accessed Sep 13, 2021])ontext=himalaya Source Accessed Sep 13, 2021]))
Bo dong sangs rgyas mgon po + (Bodong Sangye Gönpo was a Tibetan yogi ade … Bodong Sangye Gönpo was a Tibetan yogi adept in the practice of Siṃhamukhā. Though he initially practiced the teaching cycle of this deity associated with Bari Lotsāwa, through his practice he was able to encounter Siṃhamukhā and received empowerment for her practice from Guru Rinpoche. This became the basis for the Siṃhamukhā cycle known as the Bodong Tradition of the Aural Lineage of the Profound Secret of the Lion Faced [Ḍākinī] (''bo dong lugs zab gsang seng gdong snyan brgyud).g lugs zab gsang seng gdong snyan brgyud).)
Bokar Rinpoche + (Bokar Tulku Rinpoche (1940 – 17 August 200 … Bokar Tulku Rinpoche (1940 – 17 August 2004) was heart-son of the Second Kalu Rinpoche and a holder of the Karma Kagyü and Shangpa Kagyü lineages.Bokar Rinpoche was born in western Tíbet not far from Mount Kailash, in 1940 (Iron Dragon year) to a family of nomadic herders. When Rinpoche was four years old, His Holiness the 16th Karmapa recognized him as the reincarnation of the previous Bokar Tulku, Karma Sherab Ösel.Bokar Rinpoche was trained at the monastery founded by the previous Bokar incarnation. He continued his studies at Tsurphu Monastery in central Tibet, main seat of the Karmapas. While still a teenager, he assumed full responsibilities for the Bokar monastic community. Then, due to the Communist oppression in Tibet, Bokar Rinpoche fled into exile at the age of 20. In India, he became a close disciple of Dorje Chang Kalu Rinpoche.Under Kalu Rinpoche's guidance in Sonada, Bokar Rinpoche twice completed the traditional three-year retreat. During the first one, he followed the practices of the Shangpa Kagyu; the second was based on the practices of the Karma Kagyu.In Mirik, India, Bokar Rinpoche founded a retreat center that is an important centre for Kalachakra practice, now called Bokar Ngedhon Choekhor Ling. Brief bio available at [http://www.bokarmonastery.org/mod/data/index.php?REQUEST_ID=cGFnZT1iaW9ncmFwaHktQm9rYXI= bokarmonastery.org]Also see [http://www.bokarmonastery.org/mod/data/index.php?REQUEST_ID=cGFnZT1wdWJsaWNhdGlvbnM= Bokar Publications]FnZT1wdWJsaWNhdGlvbnM= Bokar Publications])
Mukherji, A. + (Born in 1902 Professor Amulyadhan Mukherji … Born in 1902 Professor Amulyadhan Mukherji graduated with a first class in English from Presidency College. Calcutta, and took a first class in his M. A. from Calcutta University. In 1930 he was awarded Premchand Roychand studentship and later the Mouat Medal for his pioneering scientific study of Bengali prosody. Professor Mukherji was awarded the Sarojini Basu Gold Medal for 1968 by the Calcutta University for his outstanding contributions to the study of Bengali language and literature. A Professor of English language and literature for more than thirty years, he was on the faculties of the Universities of Calcutta and Jadavpur and is a member of the Asiatic Society, Calcutta. He was selected a senior Research Fellow by the University Grants Commission for 1965-68. Author of more than a dozen research papers of high merit in English on Bengali and Sanskrit prosody and on various topics of English and Bengali literature, Professor Mukherji's important works in Bengali include Bangla Chhander Mulsutra, Kaviguru, Adhunik Sahitya Jijnasa and Rabindranather Manasi. His major English works- 'Sanskrit prosody: Its Evolution', (1976, 2nd Edn 2000)' 'Studies in Rabindranath's Prosody and Bengali-Prose- Verse' (1999). Source: ([https://www.exoticindiaart.com/book/details/sanskrit-prosody-its-evolution-NAK593/ exotic india])/sanskrit-prosody-its-evolution-NAK593/ exotic india]))
Aguilar, O. + (Born in Barcelona in 1965, Oriol Aguilar r … Born in Barcelona in 1965, Oriol Aguilar received his Ph.D in cultural anthrolopogy from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona in 2005. Focusing on religious studies, particularly the Buddhism of Tibet, he studied Tibetan language in Barcelona and Paris (École Pratique des Hautes Études) and trained in translation with the Shang Shung Institute. He met Chögyal Namkhai Norbu in 1987, and since 1998 has collaborated with Shang Shung Publications as a member of the International Publications Committee (IPC) of the Dzogchen Community on the publication, particularly in the Spanish editions, of the teachings of Chögyal Namkhai Norbu, including translations from Tibetan.[http://www.shangshungpublications.org/oriol-aguilar/]shangshungpublications.org/oriol-aguilar/])
Das, Sarat + (Born in Chittagong, eastern Bengal to a Be … Born in Chittagong, eastern Bengal to a Bengali Hindu Vaidya-Brahmin family, Sarat Chandra Das attended Presidency College, as a student of the University of Calcutta. In 1874 he was appointed headmaster of the Bhutia Boarding School at Darjeeling. In 1878, a Tibetan teacher, Lama Ugyen Gyatso arranged a passport for Sarat Chandra to go the monastery at Tashilhunpo. In June 1879, Das and Ugyen-gyatso left Darjeeling for the first of two journeys to Tibet. They remained in Tibet for six months, returning to Darjeeling with a large collection of Tibetan and Sanskrit texts which would become the basis for his later scholarship. Sarat Chandra spent 1880 in Darjeeling poring over the information he had obtained. In November 1881, Sarat Chandra and Ugyen-gyatso returned to Tibet, where they explored the Yarlung Valley, returning to India in January 1883. Along with Satish Chandra Vidyabhusan, he prepared Tibetan-English dictionary. For a time, he worked as a spy for the British, accompanying Colman Macaulay on his 1884 expedition to Tibet to gather information on the Tibetans, Russians and Chinese. After he left Tibet, the reasons for his visit were discovered and many of the Tibetans who had befriended him suffered severe reprisals. For the latter part of his life, Das settled in Darjeeling. He named his house "Lhasa Villa" and played host to many notable guests including Sir Charles Alfred Bell and Ekai Kawaguchi. Johnson stated that, in 1885 and 1887 Das met with Henry Steel Olcott, co-founder and first President of the Theosophical Society. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarat_Chandra_Das Source Accessed Jan 20, 2021])/wiki/Sarat_Chandra_Das Source Accessed Jan 20, 2021]))
Rouse, W. + (Born in India in 1863, Rouse later attende … Born in India in 1863, Rouse later attended the University of Cambridge, studying the Classical Tripos and Sanskrit. A scholar and a classicist, Rouse spent six years as a Fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge before becoming a school teacher at Rugby School. There, among other accomplishments, he aided the future author Arthur Ransome in writing until an opportunity to teach and be the headmaster of The Perse School, Cambridge presented itself. Rouse accepted the challenge and led the financially beleaguered institution into stability.As an educator Rouse encouraged students to learn visually, orally, and kinetically. He also emphasized the importance of observation and experimentation in the fields of science. Rouse advocated the Direct Method of teaching Latin and Greek and pioneered summer classes for teachers to learn how to teach this method. Given his background as a classical scholar, Rouse was chosen with two other men to be the founding editors of the Loeb Classical Library. As an author Rouse translated classical works into English such as Homer's ''The Iliad'' and ''The Odyssey'' and Plato's ''Dialogues''. He also published songs in Greek and Latin called "Chanties." Rouse stayed busy translating even through his retirement and passed away in 1950. ([https://www.exodusbooks.com/w-h-d-rouse/1231/ Source Accessed Jan 6, 2022])-rouse/1231/ Source Accessed Jan 6, 2022]))
Shakya, Tsering + (Born in Lhasa, he fled to India with his f … Born in Lhasa, he fled to India with his family after the Chinese invasion. He then won a scholarship to study in Britain, and was later to graduate from London University’s School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) with a B.A. Honours in Social Anthropology and South Asian History. He received his M.Phil. in Tibetan Studies in 2000 and Ph.D. June 2004.Today, Tsering is a world renowned and widely published scholar, on both historic and contemporary Tibet. His most expansive work to date The Dragon in the Land of Snows: A History of Modern Tibet Since 1947 (Pimlico, London 1999) was acclaimed as “the definitive history of modern Tibet” by The New York Times, and “a prodigious work of scholarship” by the UK’s Sunday Telegraph. The book is the first comprehensive account of Tibet’s recent history.Tsering Shakya’s published works include Fire Under the Snow, The Testimony of a Tibetan Prisoner (Harvill Press, 1997), which has sold over 400,000 copies in more than 20 languages. He was also co-editor of the first anthology of modern Tibetan short stories and poems, Song of the Snow Lion, New Writings from Tibet (University of Hawaii, 2000). Seeing Lhasa: British Depictions of the Tibetan Capital 1936-1947, edited by Clare Harris and Tsering Shakya, (Serindia Publications, London, 2003) is a study of the relationship between senior British colonial officers and Tibetan elite as depicted in rare, previously unpublished photographs taken by members of the British Mission in Lhasa. Tsering’s feature articles have been published in numerous international journals and magazines, includingTime and New Left Review. He is currently engaged in a major research project on the shift in use of the Tibetan language, and how contemporary literature is used as a voice of resistance in present-day Tibet...([https://asia.ubc.ca/profile/tsering-shakya/ University of British Columbia. Source Accessed February 7, 2022.])He convened the first International Conference on Modern Tibet Studies in 1990 at School of Oriental and African Studies. He taught at the Centre of Refugee Studies at the University of Oxford. From 1999 to 2002 he was a research fellow in Tibetan Studies at the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London.rican Studies at the University of London.)
Peck-Kubaczek, C. + (Born in Los Angeles, California, Cynthia P … Born in Los Angeles, California, Cynthia Peck-Kubaczek studied music (violoncello) in Los Angeles (University of Southern California) and Vienna (Hochschule für Musik und darstellende Kunst, Wien), whereupon she performed as a professional cellist first in Europe and then for ten years in Japan. She was formerly also the cello instructor for the Vienna Boys' Choir.She has taken care of the Institute's administration since 2000. Moreover, due to her knowledge of English, German and Japanese she also undertakes much of the editing and copy-editing of the Institute's publications.([https://www.oeaw.ac.at/en/ikga/team/administration/peck-kubaczek-cynthia/ Source Accessed Jan 11, 2021])ek-cynthia/ Source Accessed Jan 11, 2021]))
Bouthillette, K. + (Born in Montreal, Karl-Stéphan Bouthillett … Born in Montreal, Karl-Stéphan Bouthillette is what he likes to call ‘French-Canadian’: a Québécois. However, his studies have turned him into quite a globetrotter. He obtained his PhD (2018) in Indian Philosophies from the Institute for Indology and Tibetology of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, in Munich, Germany, where he was a member of the Distant Worlds: Munich Graduate School for Ancient Studies, in the division researching on 'coexistence'. He was then invited as a Fellow Researcher in Leiden, Holland, after receiving a Gonda Fellowship, following which he moved on to Ghent, in Belgium, where he was awarded a prestigious FWO Post-Doctoral Research Grant.He received his first M.A. in Sciences of Religions at Laval University (2011), in Quebec City, and his second one in Sanskrit Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University (2013), in Delhi. He began his studies with Journalism (Arts and Technologies of Media) in college (2002), and Classical Studies (Ancient Greco-Roman worlds) at the BA level (2005). His current areas of research focus on early developments in Indian philosophical doxography and list-making. He is also theorizing the Indian intellectual dimensions of spiritual life, especially in the scholastic aspect of their expression. In brief, he has taken interest in what he describes as the ‘yoga of reason’, or the ‘path of knowledge’, pursued by the ‘nerds’ among yogins. Working under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Eva De Clercq, he is associated with the South Asia Network Ghent. ([https://research.flw.ugent.be/en/karlstephan.bouthillette Source Accessed May 24, 2021])outhillette Source Accessed May 24, 2021]))
Sferra, F. + (Born in Rome, Italy, in 1965, Francesco Sf … Born in Rome, Italy, in 1965, Francesco Sferra studied philosophy and Indology at the University of Rome “La Sapienza” under the guidance of Prof. Raniero Gnoli, Prof. Raffaele Torella and Prof. Corrado Pensa. He was awarded a Doctorate in Sanskrit by the same University in 1999.He has a permanent appointment for the teaching of Sanskrit Language and Literature at the University of Naples “L’Orientale.”His main research areas are: tantric traditions in pre-13th century South Asia, especially Vajrayāna Buddhism; Śaivism; and classical Indian philosophy of language. ([https://www.tantric-studies.uni-hamburg.de/people/prof-francesco-sferra-naples.html Source Accessed Dec 17, 2019])[http://docenti.unior.it/index2.php?content_id=18425&content_id_start=1 Curriculum Vitae]18425&content_id_start=1 Curriculum Vitae])
Fatian + (Born in central India, Fatian (法天, ?-1001) … Born in central India, Fatian (法天, ?-1001), or Dharmadeva, had been a monk in the Nālandā Monastery in the kingdom of Magadha. In 973, the sixth year of the Kaibao (開寶) years of the Northern Song Dynasty, he went to China and stayed in Pujin (蒲津), in Lu County (漉州). He translated the Sūtra of the Infinite-Life Resolute Radiance King Tathāgata Dhāraṇī, the Stanzas in Praise of the Seven Buddhas, and other texts. His translations were recorded and edited by Fajin (法進), an Indian monk of the Kaiyuan Temple (開元寺) in Hezhongfu (河中府).In 980, the fifth year of the Taiping-Xinguo (太平興國) years, the county official presented a written recommendation of Fatian to Emperor Taizong (宋太宗). Very pleased with what he read in the report, the emperor summoned Fatian to the capital city and bestowed upon him the purple robe. Furthermore, he decreed the building of an institute for sūtra translation. In 982, at the command of the emperor, Fatian, Tianxizai (天息災), Shihu (施護), and others moved into the institute, starting to translate the Sanskrit texts each had brought. In the seventh month, Fatian completed his translation of the Mahāyāna Sūtra of the Holy Auspicious Upholding-the-World Dhāranī. Then the emperor named him Great Master of Transmission of Teachings. Between 982 and 1000, he translated forty-six sūtras. Fatian died in 1001, the fourth year of the Xianping (咸平) years, his age unknown. The emperor conferred upon him a posthumous title, Great Master of Profound Enlightenment. ([http://www.buddhism.org/Sutras/3/translators.html Source Accessed Aug 25, 2021])lators.html Source Accessed Aug 25, 2021]))
Karthar, Khenpo + (Born in eastern Tibet in 1924, Khenpo Kart … Born in eastern Tibet in 1924, Khenpo Karthar Rinpoche was one of the great masters of the Karma Kagyu tradition. Rinpoche, who received most of his training and education in Tibet before the Chinese invasion, was highly accomplished in meditation, philosophy, and monastic arts. As abbot of Karma Triyana Dharmacakra Monastery (KTD) in Woodstock, New York; spiritual guide of thirty-five Karma Thegsum Choling (KTC) affiliate centers; and retreat master at the Karme Ling Retreat Center in Delhi, New York, Rinpoche touched the lives of thousands of students. He was also known for numerous books, including ''The Quintessence of the Union of Mahamudra and Dzokchen''; ''Dharma Paths''; ''Instructions of Gampopa''; ''Bardo: Interval of Possibility''; ''The Wish-Fulfilling Wheel: The Practice of White Tara''; and the five-volume masterwork ''Karma Chakme’s Mountain Dharma''.erwork ''Karma Chakme’s Mountain Dharma''.)
Reshetov, A. + (Born on August 1, 1932. In 1956, graduated … Born on August 1, 1932. In 1956, graduated from Leningrad State University, the Faculty of Oriental Studies, the Department of Chinese Philology, and was admitted to the doctoral course at the Institute of Ethnography, the USSR Academy of Sciences. Soon he went to China for the academic training and spent there several years. In 1960, he started his work at the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of Ethnography and immediately took an active part in the edition of issues Peoples of Eastern Asia [Народы Восточной Азии] and Peoples of South Eastern Asia [Народы Юго-Восточной Азии] published by the Institute as a part of the series Peoples of the World [Народы мира]. In 1967, he defended the PhD Dissertation, The Puyi. An Historical and Ethnographic Account [Буи. Историко-этнографический очерк], supervised by Dr N.N. Cheboksarov, a well-known Russian ethnographer and anthropologist.At the same time, he started his fieldworks. First he explored Siberia and Central Asia, especially the areas populated by the Uigurs and Dungans. During late 1970s through early 1980s, he took part in the Soviet Mongolian research expedition. He brought a number of artifacts to the Museum of anthropology and ethnography (MAE).During the 1960s through 1970s, his major research interests were in ethnography of various ethnic groups of China, Mongolia, the Far East. He contributed much to the description and popularization of relevant rich collections kept at the MAE. It resulted in a series of his papers published at the MAE’s academic issues.During the 1970s, he contributed to the study of general ethnography, its theory and methodology, editing two books of essays such as The Hunters, Gatherers, Fishers [Охотники, собиратели, рыболовы] and The Early Farmers [Ранние земледельцы].Starting from mid-1980s, he concentrated also on the history of Russian ethnography and Oriental studies and published more than 100 papers on both well-known scholars and those whose names were undeserved forgotten. Thanks to him the names of many Russian ethnographers, anthropologists and Orientalists, including the emigrants of the first wave who worked mostly in Harbin and the scholars oppressed by the Stalinists were returned. During the last years of his life, Dr A.Reshetov worked on the fundamental Biobliographic Dictionary of Russian Ethnographs and Anthropologists. The 20th Century [Биобиблиографический словарь отечественных этнографов и антропологов. XX век] that he was not destined to complete.Moreover, Dr A. Reshetov organized many important conferences. During many years, he was the academic secretary of the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of Ethnography, then headed its Department of Foreign Asian Studies. ([http://www.orientalstudies.ru/eng/index.php?option=com_personalities&Itemid=74&person=649 Source Accessed Apr 12, 2022])d=74&person=649 Source Accessed Apr 12, 2022]))
Buddhabhadra + (Buddhabhadra (佛馱跋陀羅, 359–429) means enligh … Buddhabhadra (佛馱跋陀羅, 359–429) means enlightenment worthy. Born in northern India, he was a descendent of King Amṛtodana, who was the youngest of the three uncles of Śākyamuni Buddha (circa 563–483 BCE). He renounced family life at age seventeen and became a monk. Studying hard, he mastered meditation and the Vinaya.In 408, the tenth year of the Hongshi (弘始) years of the Later Qin Dynasty (後秦 or 姚秦, 384–417), one of the Sixteen Kingdoms (304–439), he went to its capital, Chang-an. The illustrious translator Kumārajīva (鳩摩羅什, 344–413) had arrived there in 401. However, Buddhabhadra did not like Kumārajīva’s students. Together with his own forty-some students, he went to the Lu Mountain (廬山, in present-day Jiangxi Province) and stayed with Master Huiyuan (慧遠, 334–416), the first patriarch of the Pure Land School of China.In 415, the eleventh year of the Yixi (義熙) years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (東晉, 317–420), Buddhabhadra went south to its capital, Jiankong (建康), present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. He stayed at the Daochang Temple (道場寺) and began his translation work. Altogether, he translated from Sanskrit into Chinese thirteen texts in 125 fascicles. For example, texts 376 and 1425 were translated jointly by him and Faxian (法顯, circa 337–422). Text 376 (T12n0376) in 6 fascicles is the earliest of the three Chinese versions of the Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra; text 1425 (T22n1425) in 40 fascicles is the Chinese version of the Mahāsaṅghika Vinaya. Texts 278 and 666 were translated by him alone probably between years 418 and 421. Text 278 (T09n0278) is the 60-fascicle Chinese version of the Mahāvaipulya Sūtra of Buddha Adornment (Buddhāvataṁsaka-mahāvaipulya-sūtra); text 666 (T16n0666) in one fascicle is the first of the two extant Chinese versions of the Mahāvaipulya Sūtra of the Tathāgata Store.In 429, the sixth year of the Yuanjia (元嘉) years of the Liu Song Dynasty (劉宋, 420–79), Buddhabhadra died, at age seventy-one. People called him the Indian Meditation Master. He is one of the eighteen exalted ones of the Lu Mountain. ([http://www.sutrasmantras.info/translators.html#kumarajiva Source Accessed Aug 19, 2021])#kumarajiva Source Accessed Aug 19, 2021]))
Buddhaśrī + (Buddhaśrī was an important Sakya master active in western central Tibet in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth century. He was an important Lamdre master who passed on that teaching cycle to Ngorchen Kunga Zangpo.)
Buddhaśānta + (Buddhaśānta. A north Indian *monk who went … Buddhaśānta. A north Indian *monk who went to *China in 511 CE where he cooperated with *Bodhiruci in translating the *''Daśabhumika Sūtra''. Later he worked on a version of the *''Mahāyāna-saṃgraha'' and other texts. (Source: "Buddhaśānta." In ''A Dictionary of Buddhism'', 45. Oxford University Press, 2003)hism'', 45. Oxford University Press, 2003))
Watson, B. + (Burton Dewitt Watson (June 13, 1925 – Apri … Burton Dewitt Watson (June 13, 1925 – April 1, 2017) was an American sinologist, translator, and writer known for his English translations of Chinese and Japanese literature. Watson's translations received many awards, including the Gold Medal Award of the Translation Center at Columbia University in 1979, the PEN Translation Prize in 1982 for his translation with Hiroaki Sato of ''From the Country of Eight Islands: An Anthology of Japanese Poetry'', and again in 1995 for ''Selected Poems of Su Tung-p'o''. In 2015, at age 88, Watson was awarded the PEN/Ralph Manheim Medal for Translation for his long and prolific translation career. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burton_Watson Source Accessed June 7, 2021]urton_Watson Source Accessed June 7, 2021])
Vasantkumar, C. + (CHRIS V ASANTKUMAR is Luce Junior Professor of Asian Studies and Anthropology at Hamilton College. His current research deals with issues of race, nation and indigeneity between China, Tibet and Taiwan.)
Bendall, C. + (Cecil Bendall (1 July 1856 – 14 March 1906 … Cecil Bendall (1 July 1856 – 14 March 1906) was an English scholar, a professor of Sanskrit at University College London from 1895 to 1902 and later at the University of Cambridge from 1903 until his death.Bendall was educated at the City of London School and at the University of Cambridge, achieving first-class honours in the Classical Tripos in 1879 and the Indian Languages Tripos in 1881. He was elected to a fellowship at Gonville and Caius College.From 1882 to 1893 he worked at the British Museum in the department of Oriental Manuscripts (now part of the British Library).In 1894–1895 he was in Nepal and Northern India collecting oriental manuscripts for the British Museum. During the winter 1898–1899 he returned to Nepal and together with pandit Hara Prasad Shastri and his assistant pandit Binodavihari Bhattacharya from the Asiatic Society in Calcutta, the team registered and collected information from palm-leaf manuscripts in the Durbar Library belonging to Rana Prime Minister Bir Shumsher J. B. Rana, and here he found the famous historical document Gopal Raj Vamshavali, describing Nepal's history from around 1000 to 1600. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecil_Bendall Adapted from Source Mar 18, 2021])Bendall Adapted from Source Mar 18, 2021]))
Jones, Charles + (Charles B. Jones is an associate professor … Charles B. Jones is an associate professor of Religious Studies at The Catholic University of America in Washington, DC. He earned a PhD at the University of Virginia in 1996 and specializes in Pure Land Buddhism in China. (Source: [https://www.shambhala.com/authors/g-n/charles-jones.html Shambhala Publications])harles-jones.html Shambhala Publications]))
Manson, C. + (Charles Manson lived at Samyeling in the U … Charles Manson lived at Samyeling in the UK and studied and practiced Buddhism extensively there, later traveling in Tibet and studying the second Karmapa, Karma Pakshi in particular. He received his BA degree from SOAS, and MTS degree from Harvard Divinity School (Tibetan Buddhism). In addition to teaching at SOAS, he is currently Tibetan Subject Librarian for the Bodleian Library, Oxford. He maintains ''Bod Blog'' (yeshiuk.blogspot.com), a blog relating to the Tibetan Collection at the Bodleian. He also writes for BDRC regularly and maintains the Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/tibetanoxfordge: https://www.facebook.com/tibetanoxford)
Mchims 'jam pa'i dbyangs + (Chim Jampé Yang (Tib. མཆིམས་འཇམ་པའི་དབྱངས་ … Chim Jampé Yang (Tib. མཆིམས་འཇམ་པའི་དབྱངས་, Wyl. ''mchims 'jam pa'i dbyangs'') (13th century) — author of the most famous Tibetan commentary on Vasubandhu's ''Abhidharmakosha'', ''The Ornament of Abhidharma'', often known simply as the 'Chim Dzö' or 'Chim Chen'. Here large (chen) is referring to the size of his commentary. Some traditions identify the author of this text with Chim Namkha Drak.His teacher was Chim Lozang Drakpa, who is known as The Omniscient Chim, and who is the author of the 'Chim chung', the smaller commentary. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Chim_Jamp%C3%A9_Yang Rigpa Wiki])hp?title=Chim_Jamp%C3%A9_Yang Rigpa Wiki]))
Keng, C. + (Ching Keng 耿晴 is Assistant Professor at th … Ching Keng 耿晴 is Assistant Professor at the Department of Philosophy, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan. His field of research is Yogâcāra and Tathāgatagarbha thought in India and China during the medieval period. He has been part of various research projects studying Dharmapāla’s ''Commentary on the Viṃśikā of Vasubandhu'' and Dharmapāla’s ''Commentary on the Ālambanaparīkṣā of Dignāga'', Wŏnch’uk’s ''Commentary on the Saṃdhinirmocana-sūtra'', and the development of the Three-Nature theory (''trisvabhāva-nirdeśa'') in Yogâcāra. Among his publications are: his PhD dissertation, entitled “Yogâcāra Buddhism Transmitted or Transformed? Paramârtha (499-569 CE) and His Chinese Disciples” (2009); and journal articles such as "A Fundamental Difficulty Embedded in the Soteriology of Tathāgatagarbha Thought? – An Investigation Focusing on the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' (2013), and "The Dharma-body as the Disclosure of Thusness: On the Characterization of the Dharma-body in the ''Nengduan jin’gang banruo boluomi jing shi''." (2014) (both written in Chinese). (Source: [https://buddhanature.tsadra.org/index.php/Books/A_Distant_Mirror ''A Distant Mirror''], 530–31)tant_Mirror ''A Distant Mirror''], 530–31))
Charrier, C. + (Christian Charrier holds a Masters degree … Christian Charrier holds a Masters degree in English and a diploma in psycholinguistics. He was a translator for Geshe Tengye in France, and he completed a three-year retreat under Lama Gendun Rinpoche in le Bost, France. He has been a translation consultant for Tsadra Foundation from 2002–2003 and has been a Tsadra Foundation Fellow since 2004.'''Current Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow:''' *''Le Voyage et son but'', Jamgön Kongtrul*''La pratique des tantras bouddhistes'', Jamgön Kongtrul'''Completed Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow:''' *''Marpa, maître de Milarépa, sa vie, ses chants'', Tsang Nyeun Hérouka*''Vie de Jamgœun Kongtrul, écrite par lui-même'', Jamgön Kongtrul*''L’Ondée de sagesse, Chants de la lignée Kagyu'', Karmapa Mikyeu Dorje, Tènpai Nyinjé*''Rayons de lune, Les étapes de la méditation du Mahamudra'', Dakpo Tashi Namgyal*''Au Coeur du ciel Vol I and II'', Pawo Rinpoche, the Eighth Karmapa Mikyö Dorje (from the English translation by Karl Brunnhölzl – ''The Centre of the Sunlit Sky'')*''Lumière de diamant'', de Dakpo Tashi Namgyal*''Mémoires: La Vie et l’œuvre de Jamgön Kongtrul'', by Jamgön Kongtrul, new edition*''Traité de la Continuité suprême du Grand Véhicule - Mahāyānottaratantraśāstra, avec le commentaire de Jamgön Kongtrul Lodreu Thayé L'Incontestable Rugissement du lion''. Plazac: Éditions Padmakara, 2019.*''Les Systèmes Philosophiques Bouddhistes'', Éditions Padmakara, 2020.'''Previously Published Translations:''' *''Kalachakra'', Dalai Lama*''La Roue aux lames acérées'', Dharmarakshita, commentary by Geshé Tengyé*''La Voie progressive vers l’éveil'', Jé Tsong Khapa ([http://tsadra-wp.tsadra.org/translators/christian-charrier/ Source: Tsadra.org])dra.org/translators/christian-charrier/ Source: Tsadra.org]))
Baumer, C. + (Christoph Baumer is a Swiss scholar and ex … Christoph Baumer is a Swiss scholar and explorer. From 1984 onwards, he has conducted explorations in Central Asia, China and Tibet, the results of which have been published in numerous books, scholarly publications and radio programs. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoph_Baumer Wikipedia])edia.org/wiki/Christoph_Baumer Wikipedia]))
Kelley, C. + (Christopher “Doc” Kelley received a PhD in … Christopher “Doc” Kelley received a PhD in Religion from Columbia University where he studied Indo-Tibetan Buddhism with Robert A. F. Thurman. He is a scholar of Buddhism and an adjunct professor in religious studies at Eugene Lang College of Liberal Arts, The New School University. He is also the co-founder of Consciousness Hacking NYC, and a founder and co-facilitator of Psychedelic Sangha. ([https://menla.org/teachers/dr-christopher-kelley/ Source Accessed May 13, 2021])her-kelley/ Source Accessed May 13, 2021]))
Chos rje gling pa + (Chöje Lingpa, also known as Rokje Lingpa a … Chöje Lingpa, also known as Rokje Lingpa as well as several other names, was initially recognized as the rebirth of a Kagyu master by the Seventh Shamarpa and installed at Rechung Phuk, an institution named after Milarepa's disciple Rechungpa and the site where Tsangnyön Heruka wrote his famous biography of Milarepa. Though Chöje Lingpa he would become an important teacher to several important Kagyu hierarchs including the Karmapa and Shamarpa, he we also involved with several Nyingma masters, including the tertön Taksham Nuden Dorje who granted him prophecies and made him the steward of his treasures. He would become a prolific tertön in his own right and came to be considered the penultimate emanation of Gyalse Lhaje, prior to his rebirth as Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo.to his rebirth as Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo.)
Jamieson, R. + (Craig Jamieson is Keeper of Sanskrit Manus … Craig Jamieson is Keeper of Sanskrit Manuscripts at the University of Cambridge. Before Cambridge he taught Buddhism in the Study of Religion Department at the University of Leicester. His best-known works are ''Perfection of Wisdom'', which has a preface by the Dalai Lama, and ''Nagarjuna's Verses''. A facsimile edition of the Lotus Sutra made available in print two Cambridge palm leaf manuscripts from around one thousand years ago, Add. 1682 and Add. 1683. A major exhibition took place in 2014 entitled Buddha's Word: The Life of Books in Tibet and Beyond. A short video of the Perfection of Wisdom manuscript came out in 2017. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craig_Jamieson Adapted from Source Mar 10, 2021])amieson Adapted from Source Mar 10, 2021]))
Tarchin, Dorje + (Creator of The Tibetan Mirror, Tibetan language periodical)
Martin, D. + (Currently a literary translator for The In … Currently a literary translator for The Institute of Tibetan Classics, Dan Martin completed his doctoral degree in Tibetan Studies with minors in Religious Studies and Anthropology at the Department of Central Eurasian Studies in 1991. He has taught courses as a Visiting Lecturer at Indiana, Hamburg, and Harvard Universities. He has held research positions in Bloomington, Oslo, and Jerusalem. His publications include over 30 articles as well as books entitled ''Mandala Cosmogony'', Harrassowitz (Wiesbaden 1994), ''Unearthing Bon Treasures'', Brill (Leiden 2001), and the bibliography ''Tibetan Histories'', Serindia (London 1997). His main areas of research fall within the realm of the cultural history of Tibet, from the tenth century to the twentieth. His interests are in Indian and Tibetan literature, medicine and religions, as well as Eurasian interconnections in the same fields. These days he is finalizing a translation of a 400-page history of Buddhism in India and Tibet composed in the late 13th century. ([https://iias.huji.ac.il/people/dan-martin Source Accessed Aug 3, 2020])e/dan-martin Source Accessed Aug 3, 2020]))
Altner, D. + (DIANA ALTNER is a postdoctoral student at the Institute of Asian and African Studies, Humboldt University in Berlin. Her research focuses on infrastructure development and the transformation of everyday life in central Tibet.)
Yü, D. + (Dan Smyer Yü is Kuige Professor of Ethnolo … Dan Smyer Yü is Kuige Professor of Ethnology, School of Ethnology and Sociology and the National Centre for Borderlands Ethnic Studies in Southwest China at Yunnan University. He received his Ph.D. in anthropology from the University of California at Davis in 2006. Prior to his current faculty appointment, he was the Founding Director of the Center for Trans-Himalayan Studies at Yunnan Minzu University, a Senior Researcher/Research Group Leader at the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity, a core member of the Transregional Research Network (CETREN) at University of Göttingen, and a New Millennium Scholar at Minzu University of China, Beijing. He is the author of ''The Spread of Tibetan Buddhism in China: Charisma, Money, Enlightenment'' (Routledge 2011) and ''Mindscaping the Landscape of Tibet: Place, Memorability, Eco-aesthetics'' (De Gruyter 2015), and the co-editor of ''Religion and Ecological Sustainability in China'' (Routledge 2014) and ''Trans-Himalayan Borderlands: Livelihoods, Territorialities, Modernities'' (Amsterdam University Press 2017). His research interests are religion and ecology, environmental humanities, trans-Himalayan studies, sacred landscapes, climate change and mass migration, modern Tibetan studies, and comparative studies of Eurasian secularisms. His externally funded projects are "Trans-Himalayan Environmental Humanities" (ICIMOD), "India-China Corridor Project" (the Swedish Research Council), "Cultural and Ecological Diversity of the Trans-Himalayas in the Context of China’s Belt and Road Initiative" (National Social Sciences Foundation of China), and "Sustainable Lives in Scarred Landscapes: Heritage, Environment, and Violence in the China-Myanmar Jade Trade" (The British Academy Sustainable Development Program). ([https://www.issrnc.org/2020/06/04/meet-issrnc-board-member-dan-smyer-yu/ Source Accessed Aug 10, 2020])n-smyer-yu/ Source Accessed Aug 10, 2020]))
Ingalls, Daniel H. + (Daniel Henry Holmes Ingalls, Sr., was Wales Professor of Sanskrit, Emeritus, at Harvard University. source: ([https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674039506&content=bios Harvard University Press]))
Ellerton, D. + (David Ellerton grew up in Denver, Colorado … David Ellerton grew up in Denver, Colorado, and took his first Shambhala Training level in 1995 after reading several of Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche’s books. A few years later he met Sakyong Mipham Rinpoche in Boulder and in 1999 participated in Seminary and Warriors Assembly. The following year he attended Kalapa Assembly. After a year on staff at Shambhala Mountain Center, he travelled with the Sakyong as a Continuity Kusung and Secretary (2001-2002). In 2004 he moved to Japan, where he taught English and continued his study of Japanese and Aikido, which he began practicing as an undergraduate student in Boulder.Upon returning to the United States he enrolled in [[Naropa University]]’s M.A. program in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism (Shedra Track), and began his study of Tibetan. During this time he received the Vajrayogini Abhisheka from the Sakyong. After graduating, he spent much of 2008 in both India and Nepal studying Tibetan and receiving commentary on the Uttaratantra Shastra at Pullahari Monastery. In 2008 he began a Ph.D. program in Religious Studies at [[University of California, Santa Barbara]]. He is currently a Ph.D. Candidate at UCSB and is conducting his dissertation research on Tibetan prophecy (lung bstan) at the [[Central University of Tibetan Studies]] in India. ([http://nalandatranslation.org/who-we-are/members/david-ellerton/ Source Accessed May 26, 2015])d-ellerton/ Source Accessed May 26, 2015]))
Jones, D. + (David Jones is professor of philosophy and … David Jones is professor of philosophy and editor of ''Comparative and Continental Philosophy'' (Taylor and Francis), the founding editor of ''East-West Connections'' from 2000 to 2013, and the editor of the ''Series on Comparative and Continental Philosophy''. In 2013 and 2015 he was Visiting Scholar at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences at National Taiwan University and has been a visiting professor at the University of Cape Coast in Ghana, Visiting Professor of Chinese Philosophy at the University of North Georgia, and Visiting Professor of Confucian Classics at Emory. From 1996 to 2008 he was the director of the Center for the Development of Asian Studies, which was a Southeast regional center of the Asian Studies Development Program of the East-West Center in Honolulu. Under his direction, CDAS coordinated a number of faculty development workshops and organized conferences and programs on Asia for faculty and the public in Atlanta, the Southeast, and nationally. David Jones was the president of the highly regarded Comparative and Continental Philosophy Circle for the last twelve years. ([http://ksuweb.kennesaw.edu/~djones/index.htm Source Accessed Mar 17, 2020])s/index.htm Source Accessed Mar 17, 2020]))
Kittelstrom, D. + (David Kittelstrom is a senior editor at Wi … David Kittelstrom is a senior editor at Wisdom Publications, where he has worked since 1993, and staff editor for The Library of Tibetan Classics, Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism, Teachings of the Buddha, and Classics of Indian Buddhism series. He is not himself a translator but has had the good fortune to work closely with many. ([http://conference-wp.tsadra.org/2017-conference/2017-speakers/ Source])rg/2017-conference/2017-speakers/ Source]))
Barnhill, D. + (David Landis Barnhill is the former Direct … David Landis Barnhill is the former Director of Environmental Studies at the University of Wisconsin at Oshkosh. He is the translator of ''Basho's Journey: The Literary Prose of Matsuo Basho'' (2005), ''Basho's Haiku: Selected Poems of Matsuo Basho'' (2004), and the coeditor (with Roger S. Gottlieb) of ''Deep Ecology and World Religions: New Essays on Sacred Ground'' (2001), all published by SUNY Press.und'' (2001), all published by SUNY Press.)
Snellgrove, D. + (David Llewellyn Snellgrove (29 June 1920 – … David Llewellyn Snellgrove (29 June 1920 – 25 March 2016) was a British Tibetologist noted for his pioneering work on Buddhism in Tibet as well as his many travelogues. Snellgrove was born in Portsmouth, Hampshire, and educated at Christ's Hospital near Horsham in West Sussex. He went on to study German and French at Southampton University. In 1941 he was called up to do his military service as a member of the Royal Engineers. He attended the Officers Cadet Training Unit in the Scottish seaside town of Dunbar, and was commissioned as an infantry officer. Thereafter he attended various intelligence courses and further training at the War Office in London, from where he requested a posting to India.Snellgrove arrived in Bombay in June 1943, and travelled cross-country to Calcutta. He was stationed at Barrackpore, some way up the Hooghly River. A few months after beginning his posting he contracted malaria and was sent to the military hospital at Lebong, just north of Darjeeling. It was while he was at Lebong that he began his future life's calling by purchasing some books about Tibet by Charles Bell as well as a Tibetan Grammar and Reader.Snellgrove returned to Darjeeling, from where he sometimes went on leave to Kalimpong. On one of these visits he took a young Tibetan into his personal employ in order to have someone with whom to practice speaking Tibetan. He also travelled in the small Himalayan state of Sikkim, and on one such visit he met Sir Basil Gould, who was then the British Representative for Tibet.[2] Inspired to work in Tibet, in 1946 after he left the Army he sat the entrance exams for the Indian Civil Service. This was the first time the exams had been held since the start of the war, and the last time they were ever held. Although he passed the exams, he was not able to take up an appointment in India. Having already begun to study Tibetan, he resolved to find a university where he could further his studies. However, as no university offered courses in Tibetan at that time he was convinced by Sir Harold Bailey that a sound knowledge of Sanskrit and Pali would be beneficial, so he gained entry to Queens' College, Cambridge in October 1946. While at Cambridge, he converted to Roman Catholicism, in part through the influence of his friend Bede Griffiths.In 1950, after having completed his studies at Cambridge, he was invited to teach a course in elementary Tibetan at the School of Oriental and African Studies University of London.[3] He was Professor of Tibetan at SOAS until his retirement in 1982.Snellgrove's research subsequent to his retirement was focused increasingly upon the art history of South East Asia. He died on 25 March 2016 in Pinerolo, Italy. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Snellgrove Source Accessed Feb 14, 2020])_Snellgrove Source Accessed Feb 14, 2020]))
Michie, D. + (David Michie is the internationally best-s … David Michie is the internationally best-selling author of ''The Dalai Lama's Cat'' series of novels, as well as non-fiction titles including ''Why Mindfulness is Better than Chocolate'', ''Hurry Up and Meditate'', ''Buddhism for Busy People'' and ''Buddhism for Pet Lovers''. His books are available in 26 languages in over 40 different countries.David is a keynote speaker, corporate trainer and coach on mindfulness and meditation. He has extensive experience presenting to a wide variety of different audiences around the world.In 2015 he established Mindful Safaris, leading groups to Africa – where he was born and brought up – encouraging people to visit unexplored places, outer and inner, through a combination of daily game viewing trips and mindfulness sessions.David’s blog on mindfulness and related subjects at www.davidmichie.com attracts a global audience of thousands of visitors each week. ([https://davidmichie.com/about-david-michie/ Source Accessed Apr 6, 2021])avid-michie/ Source Accessed Apr 6, 2021]))
Molk, D. + (David Molk studied Tibetan language at Venerable Geshe Rabten's Institute for Higher Tibetan Studies in Mont-Pelerin, Switzerland. Since 1987 he has interpreted and translated for many Tibetan lamas. He lives in Big Sur, California.)
Need, D. + (David Need is Lecturing Fellow of Religion … David Need is Lecturing Fellow of Religion at Duke University. He has taught at Duke since 1999, primarily in Religious Studies. He developed the ICS gateway class and taught it from 2005–2012. His academic expertise is in Asian Religions and in Literature and Religion, with a focus on poetics, ritual, and meditation systems.In addition to scholarly articles, he has published three books — two are translations and essays on Rainer Maria Rilke, the third is a selection of his own poetry, including a long poem set alongside the Gospel of Mark.===Current Research Interests===* Poetry of Rainer Maria Rilke* Non-dual awareness and poetics* Influence of Buddhism on 20th Century American Poetry* Women's Religious Experience & Poeticsy * Women's Religious Experience & Poetics)
Jackson, D. + (David P. Jackson received his doctorate in … David P. Jackson received his doctorate in 1985 from the University of Washington and studied and translated for many years in Seattle for the polymath Tibetan scholar Dezhung Rinpoche. Until 2007, he was a professor of Tibetan Studies at Hamburg University in Germany and is now a curator for the Rubin Museum of Art in New York. He is the author of numerous articles and books on Tibetan art, literature, and history, including ''A Saint in Seattle'', ''Tibetan Thangka Painting'', ''The Mollas of Mustang'', and ''Enlightenment by a Single Means''. He lives in Washington State. ([http://www.wisdompubs.org/author/david-p-jackson Source Accessed Oct 19, 2019])d-p-jackson Source Accessed Oct 19, 2019]))
Brockman, D. + (David R. Brockman, Ph.D., is a nonresident … David R. Brockman, Ph.D., is a nonresident scholar for the Baker Institute’s Religion and Public Policy Program. He is also an adjunct professor at both Texas Christian University and Southern Methodist University, where he teaches various courses in religion and religious studies.From 2010 to 2012, Brockman served as the project director for the World Conference of Associations of Theological Institutions. He is the author several books, including “Dialectical Democracy through Christian Thought: Individualism, Relationalism, and American Politics” (Palgrave-Macmillan, 2013) and “No Longer the Same: Religious Others and the Liberation of Christian Theology” (Palgrave-Macmillan, 2011). His forthcoming publication, “Educating For Pluralism, or Against It? Lessons from Texas and Quebec on Teaching Religion in Public Schools,” will appear in Religion & Education.Brockman holds a Ph.D. in religious studies from Southern Methodist University. He received a Master of Theological Studies degree from the Brite Divinity School at Texas Christian University and his bachelor’s degree in English and education from the University of Texas at Arlington. ([https://www.bakerinstitute.org/experts/david-r-brockman/ Source Accessed Nov 25, 2019])vid-r-brockman/ Source Accessed Nov 25, 2019]))
Tuffley, D. + (David Tuffley is a Senior Lecturer in Appl … David Tuffley is a Senior Lecturer in Applied Ethics & Socio-Technical Studies at Griffith University in Australia. David writes on a broad range of interests; from Anthropology, Psychology, Ancient and Modern History, Linguistics, Rhetoric, Comparative Religions, Philosophy, Architectural History, Environments and Ecosystems.tectural History, Environments and Ecosystems.)
Chattopadhyaya, D. + (Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya (the editor) is … Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya (the editor) is M.A., D.Ltt. of the Calcutta University, Honorary D.Sc. of the Moscow Academy of Sciences, Member of the German Academy of Sciences. Besides working as Visiting Professor at various universities, he is the author of a considerable number of works on Indian Philosophy and Science inclusive of many that are published abroad in Russian, Chinese,Japanese, German and other languages. Currently, he is elected National Fellow of the Indian Council of Philosophical Research, though he is also working in an honorary capacity as a Guest Scientist of National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies (a constituentestablishment of CSIR). (Source: inside jacket, ''Tāranātha's History of Buddhism in India'', 1990)ha's History of Buddhism in India'', 1990))
Bruyat, C. + (Degree in English, teacher of French, prof … Degree in English, teacher of French, professional translator; completed two three-year retreats at Chanteloube, France, 1980–1985 and 1990–1993; founding member of Padmakara Translation Group. Tsadra Foundation Fellow since 2002.Declaring himself “methodical and particular” to the point of excess, Christian Bruyat is pleased that working with Tsadra allows him the extra time to try and do accurate translations. Coupled with this drive he has an “uncanny ability” to find translation errors “even when I read the works of others who are much more worthy than me, and are big scholars.” He does not mean to be arrogant or irritating, and attributes his knack to “some kind of karma with Tibetan …” Since at age five he informed his parents that he intended to marry a Japanese lady when he grew up—he married a Chinese woman instead—one might well agree that some sort of past-life Asian connection seems to be at play in Christian’s life.He has had the fortunate destiny to spend five years with Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche in Nepal and Bhutan. Appropriately enough, Dzogchen teachings are Christian’s favorite and most inspiring scriptural material, especially the works of Longchenpa, Patrul Rinpoche, and Mipham Rinpoche.Previously Published Translations • Le Chemin de la Grande Perfection, Patrul Rinpoché (and preliminary work on the draft of its English version, The Words of My Perfect Teacher, with Charles Hastings)'''Completed Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow''' • Mahasiddhas, La vie de 84 sages de l’Inde, Abhayadatta (with Patrick Carré)• Le Précieux Ornement de la libération, Gampopa• Perles d’ambroisie (3 vols.), Kunzang Palden (with Patrick Carré)• Bodhicaryavatara, La Marche vers l’Éveil, Shantideva (with Patrick Carré)a Marche vers l’Éveil, Shantideva (with Patrick Carré))
Sde srid sangs rgyas rgya mtsho + (Desi Sangyé Gyatso (1653–1705), the heart … Desi Sangyé Gyatso (1653–1705), the heart disciple of the Fifth Dalai Lama, became the ruler of Tibet at age twenty-six and held sway over the country for over twenty-five years before his tragic death in a power struggle with the Mongol chieftain Lhasang Khan. A layman his entire life, he was a thorough administrator, overhauling the structure and regulations of the major Geluk monasteries and setting up many new institutions, such as the renowned Tibetan Medical Institute in Lhasa. He famously commissioned a set of seventy-nine medical paintings, and he composed ''White Beryl'', an authoritative work on all aspects of astronomical calculation and divination practiced in Tibet at his time. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/product/mirror-beryl/ Wisdom Publications])roduct/mirror-beryl/ Wisdom Publications]))
Dharmacandra + (Dharmacandra (法月, 653–743) is known to be … Dharmacandra (法月, 653–743) is known to be from either eastern India or the kingdom of Magadha in central India. He traveled widely in central India and was accomplished in medical arts and the Tripiṭaka. Then he went to the kingdom of Kucha (龜茲, or 庫車, in present-day Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang, China), where he taught his disciple Zhenyue (真月) and others.At the written recommendation of Lu Xiulin (呂休林), the governor appointed to keep peace with the western region (安西節度使), in 732, the twentieth year of the Kaiyuan (開元) years of Emperor Xuanzong (唐玄宗) of the Tang Dynasty (618–907), Dharmacandra arrived in Chang-an (長安), China. As an offering to the Emperor, he presented Sanskrit texts on alchemy and herbal remedies, as well as the Sūtra of the Mighty Vidya King Ucchuṣma (T21n1227), translated by Ajitasena, who was from northern India. With the help of his disciple Liyan (利言), Dharmacandra translated into Chinese the Sanskrit text of herbal remedies as well as of the Sūtra of the All-Encompassing Knowledge Store, the Heart of Prajñā-Pāramitā (T08n0252).During an uprising in China, Dharmacandra moved to the kingdom of Yütian (于闐), or Khotan (和闐), present-day Hetian (和田), in Xinjiang, China. He stayed at the Golden Wheel Temple (金輪寺), teaching people attracted to him, until his death in 743, at the age of ninety-one. ([http://www.sutrasmantras.info/translators.html#dharmacandra Source Accessed Aug 19, 2021])harmacandra Source Accessed Aug 19, 2021]))
Suvarṇadvīpa Dharmakīrti + (Dharmakirti (Skt. Suvarṇadvīpa Dharmakīrti … Dharmakirti (Skt. Suvarṇadvīpa Dharmakīrti; Tib. ཆོས་ཀྱི་གྲགས་པ་, Chökyi Drakpa, Wyl. chos kyi grags pa) or Dharmapala (Wyl. chos skyong) of Suvarnadvipa (b. 10th century) was the most important of Atisha's teachers. In Tibetan he is known simply as Serlingpa (Tib. གསེར་གླིང་པ་, Wyl. gser gling pa), literally 'the master from Suvarnadvipa'. Atisha is said to have stayed with him for twelve years receiving teachings on Lojong. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Dharmakirti_of_Suvarnadvipa Source Accessed Jun 21, 2022])uvarnadvipa Source Accessed Jun 21, 2022]))
Khyentse, Dilgo + (Dilgo Khyentse Tashi Peljor was one of the … Dilgo Khyentse Tashi Peljor was one of the most prominent Nyingma lamas of the twentieth century, widely known also in the West. The mind reincarnation of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, his seat was Shechen Monastery, which he reestablished in Boudhanath, Nepal, in 1980. After fleeing the Communist takeover of Tibet, Dilgo Khyentse settled in Bhutan. A prolific author and treasure-revealer, his compositions are collected in twenty-five volumes. Although he received novice vows at age ten, he never fully ordained, living the life of a householder with wife and children. ([http://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Dilgo-Khyentse-Tashi-Peljor/P625 Source: Treasury of Lives])hi-Peljor/P625 Source: Treasury of Lives]))
Miller-Sangster, L. + (Director of Academic and Public Programs for Maitripa College, Portland, Oregon: programs@maitripa.org. Contact for Conference information. Art Specialist with PhD from Emory University. Connections with Red Gate Gallery, Beijing.)
McKeown, A. + (Dissertation: [[From Bodhgayā to Lhasa to Beijing: The Life and Times of Śāriputra (c.1335-1426), Last Abbot of Bodhgayā]], by … Dissertation: [[From Bodhgayā to Lhasa to Beijing: The Life and Times of Śāriputra (c.1335-1426), Last Abbot of Bodhgayā]], by Arthur McKeown. Harvard University. 2010. 570 pp. Primary Advisor: Leonard W. J. van der Kuijp. REVIEW: http://dissertationreviews.org/archives/2362EW: http://dissertationreviews.org/archives/2362)
Divākara + (Divākara (地婆訶羅, 613–87), or Rizhao (日照) in … Divākara (地婆訶羅, 613–87), or Rizhao (日照) in Chinese, was born in central India in the Brahmin Caste.He became a Monk when he was just a child, and he spent many years at the Mahābodhi Temple and the Nālandā Monastery. He was an accomplished Tripiṭaka master, excelled in the five studies and especially in Mantra practices.Already in his sixties, Divākara went to Chang-an (長安), China, in 676, the first year of the Yifeng (儀鳳) years of the Tang Dynasty (618–907).Emperor Gaozong (唐高宗) treated him as respectfully as he had treated the illustrious Tripiṭaka master Xuanzang.In 680, the first year of the Yonglong (永隆) years, the emperor commanded ten learned Monks to assist Divākara in translating sūtras from Sanskrit into Chinese.In six years Divākara translated eighteen sūtras, including the ''Sūtra of the Buddha-Crown Superb Victory Dhāraṇī'' (T19n0970), the ''Sūtra of the Great Cundī Dhāraṇī'' (T20n1077), and the ''Mahāyāna Sūtra of Consciousness Revealed'' (T12n0347).Longing to see his mother again, he petitioned for permission to go home.Unfortunately, although permission was granted, he fell ill and died in the twelfth month of 687, the third year of the Chuigong (垂拱) years, at the age of seventy-five.Empress Wu (武后則天) had him buried properly at the Xiangshan Monastery (香山寺) in Luoyang (洛陽).([http://www.chinabuddhismencyclopedia.com/en/index.php?title=Div%C4%81kara Source Accessed Aug 18, 2020])v%C4%81kara Source Accessed Aug 18, 2020]))
Sur, D. + (Dominic D. Z. Sur is an Assistant Professo … Dominic D. Z. Sur is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies, teaching courses in world religions and Buddhism. Dr. Sur's recent publications include ''Entering the Way of the Great Vehicle: Dzogchen as the Culmination of the Mahāyāna'' (2017). He is presently working on a study of the rise of scholasticism and sectarian identity in eleventh century Tibet. ([https://history.usu.edu/faculty/faculty-directory/dominic-sur Source Accessed Jan 27, 2020])*'''Recent Publications:'''**Constituting Canon and Community in Eleventh Century Tibet: The Extant Writings of Rongzom and His Charter of Mantrins (sngags pa’i bca’ yig). Religions (2017) 8, 40. [https://www.academia.edu/31878104/Constituting_Canon_and_Community_in_Eleventh_Century_Tibet_The_Extant_Writings_of_Rongzom_and_His_Charter_of_Mantrins_sngags_pai_bca_yig_?email_work_card=title doi:10.3390/rel8030040]il_work_card=title doi:10.3390/rel8030040])
Wujastyk, D. + (Dominik Wujastyk is a professor and Singhm … Dominik Wujastyk is a professor and Singhmar Chair of Ancient Indian Society and Polity at the University of Alberta. His areas of research include Sanskrit language and literature, classical Indian studies, social and intellectual history of precolonial India, and the history of science and medicine in premodern India. Wujastyk has published many articles and books based on his research, including The Roots of Ayurveda; he has also coedited Studies on Indian Medical History and Mathematics and Medicine in Sanskrit. Source: ([https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/authors/248088/dominik-wujastyk Penguin Random House])88/dominik-wujastyk Penguin Random House]))
Joshi, S. + (Dr Shubhada Joshi has done her PHD in 'Lok … Dr Shubhada Joshi has done her PHD in 'Lokyata' a Critical Study with Specialization in Indian Philosophy, Ethics, Metaethics, Saint Philosophy and Bhakti, Inter-Cultural and Inter-Religious Philosophy, Philosophy of 19th century, Maharashtra. Being in the teaching profession spanning 37 years, she was the Head, Department of Philosophy, 1991-2005 and 2008-2014 University of Mumbai. She was instrumental in introducing 10 Certificate and Diploma courses started in the Department of Philosophy, to introduce various Philosophical traditions to people from all walks of life from 1996 onwards. ([https://in.bookmyshow.com/person/dr-shubhada-joshi/1080441 Source Accessed Jan 28, 2021])shi/1080441 Source Accessed Jan 28, 2021]))
Puri, B. + (Dr. Baijnath Puri, the Professor Emeritus, … Dr. Baijnath Puri, the Professor Emeritus, was one of the leading Indian historians, a widely traveled man and was often invited to deliver lectures at many universities in Europe. He was for more than five years Professor and Head of the Department of Ancient Indian History and Archaeology at the Lucknow University.His two works ''India in the Time of Patanjali'' and ''The History of the Gurjara Pratiharas'' earned him the two research degrees of M. Litt. and D. Phil. from the Oxford University. He has more than 25 published works to his credit. (Source: [https://www.mlbd.in/products/buddhism-in-central-asia-b-n-puri-9788120803725-8120803728 Motilal Banarsidass])120803725-8120803728 Motilal Banarsidass]))
Maher, D. + (Dr. Derek F. Maher joined the ECU faculty … Dr. Derek F. Maher joined the ECU faculty in 2003. He earned a PhD and MA in the History of Religions: Tibetan Studies from the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia, and a BA in Philosophy and BS in Physics from Evergreen State College. He is an associate professor of religious studies at East Carolina University. Dr. Maher teaches courses in Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, Methodology, and Religion and Violence.His research interests include Tibetan biography, history, philosophy, politics, and especially religion. In particular, he is working on a series of biographies to see how they enact religious, philosophical and political agendas. He is actively engaged in publishing and presenting his research at national and international organizations. ([https://religionprogram.ecu.edu/derek-f-maher-phd/])ligionprogram.ecu.edu/derek-f-maher-phd/]))
Tyomkin, E. + (Dr. Edvard N. Tyomkin was a Senior Researc … Dr. Edvard N. Tyomkin was a Senior Researcher of the Manuscript Department at the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, a specialist in the history of ancient culture and mythology of India and in Central Asia philology, and author of a series of monographs and articles. ([https://manuscripta-orientalia.kunstkamera.ru/our_authors Adapted from Source Feb 12, 2021])authors Adapted from Source Feb 12, 2021]))
Zapart, J. + (Dr. Jarosław Zapart is an Indologist and b … Dr. Jarosław Zapart is an Indologist and buddhologist whose research interests revolve mainly around early literature and philosophy of Mahāyāna Buddhism. He is especially concerned with origins of the tathāgatagarbha concept, its evolution in Indian sources and its earliest history in China. His second field of interest encompasses the Hindi Sant thought & literature as well as the North Indian Bhakti. He is also involved in the study of Indian aesthetics and poetics and the aesthetics of Indian & Western classical music. ([https://jagiellonian.academia.edu/JaroslawZapart Adapted from Source April 16, 2020])aroslawZapart Adapted from Source April 16, 2020]))
Kano, K. + (Dr. Kano is an associate professor at Koma … Dr. Kano is an associate professor at Komazawa University in Japan and a specialist of Sanskrit and Tibetan tathāgatagarbha literature. His particular research interests focus on philosophical interpretations of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''. ([https://conference.tsadra.org/past-event/2019-vienna-symposium/ Source Accessed July 22, 2020])symposium/ Source Accessed July 22, 2020]))
Rdzong sar blo gros phun tshogs + (Dr. Lodrö Phuntsok is the doctor in chief … Dr. Lodrö Phuntsok is the doctor in chief of the Tibetan hospital of Dzongsar, and a very active influence in the preservation of the medical and cultural heritage of Tibet.Lodrö Phuntsok began his studies of Tibetan medicine at the age of 16. He also studied Tibetan Buddhism, grammar, poetry, astrology, art, woodcraft, and sculpture. He has published books on Buddhism and medicine, and has written extensively about the history of Dzongsar monastery and the lives of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö. Since 1983, he has been promoting community service projects such as environmental protection, medical care for the poor, and cultural preservation, and has introduced classes in traditional Tibetan handicrafts at Dzongsar shedra. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Doctor_Lodr%C3%B6_Puntsok Rigpa Wiki])tle=Doctor_Lodr%C3%B6_Puntsok Rigpa Wiki]))
MacDonald, Anne + (Dr. MacDonald is a researcher at the Insti … Dr. MacDonald is a researcher at the Institute for the Cultural and Intellectual History of Asia of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna, Austria. Her primary focus is the development of Madhyamaka thought in India and Tibet. Her research on Chandrakirti's ''Prasannapada'' and ''Madhyamakavatarabhaṣya'' is based on newly available manuscripts of these works. ([https://khyentsefoundation.org/anne-macdonald-winner-2016-kf-prize-outstanding-translation/ Source Accessed Apr 7, 2021])translation/ Source Accessed Apr 7, 2021]))
Chattopadhyaya, A. + (Dr. Mrs. Alaka Chattopadhyaya obtained her … Dr. Mrs. Alaka Chattopadhyaya obtained her doctorate degrèe of the Calcutta University with her highly acclaimed work based on Tibetan sources published with the title ''Atisa and Tibet''. Byprofession she was until recently the principal of the Vidyasagar College of Women, Calcutta. Her other published works include the translation (in Bengali) of the ''Caturasitisiddha-pravrtti''—life ofthe 84 Siddhacaryas available hithertobefore only in its Tibetan version, besides many other Tibetan studies. She has extensively toured abroad, delivering lectures in [the] USSR, China, Oxford, Cambridge, Budapast and other places. (Source: inside jacket, ''Tāranātha's History of Buddhism in India'')āranātha's History of Buddhism in India''))
Michel, P. + (Dr. Peter Michel received his Ph.D. in Com … Dr. Peter Michel received his Ph.D. in Comparative Religion and German Literature from the University of Freiburg in Germany. He is sought after, both on German and Austrian television, as an expert on such subjects as the relationships between Christianity and spirituality, reincarnation, karma, and Christian teachings. He has published several books on these topics in English, German, Spanish, and Czech. He is the founder of Aquamarin Verlag, one of the major publishing houses for Wisdom Literature in Germany. ([https://www.amazon.com/His-Holiness-14th-Dalai-Lama/dp/1885394551 Source Accessed Nov 5, 2020])p/1885394551 Source Accessed Nov 5, 2020]))
Yoritomi, M. + (Dr. Prof. Motohiro Yoritomi, Head of the D … Dr. Prof. Motohiro Yoritomi, Head of the Department of Buddhism and Chairman of Shuchin University, Kyoto, Japan, wass the author of Historical Development of Pancatathagatas and Kukai's Shingon Buddhism in Japanese and the editor of Iconographic Dictionary of Tantric Buddhism in India and Japan. ([https://www.exoticindiaart.com/book/details/buddhism-in-india-and-abroad-integrating-influence-in-vedic-and-post-vedic-perspective-IDF407/ Source Accessed Jan 28, 2021])ive-IDF407/ Source Accessed Jan 28, 2021]))
Hodge, S. + (Dr. Stephen Hodge completed his undergradu … Dr. Stephen Hodge completed his undergraduate studies at SOAS, University of London (1969–72) and his post-graduate studies at Tōhoku Universty (1972–81), focussing on the formation of early tantric Buddhism and early Yogācāra. He was ordained as a Shingon monk at Mt. Koya in 1974. Since returning to the UK, apart from some teaching work, Hodge has mainly engaged in translation work and also independent research into the textual formation of early Mahāyāna, especially focusing on the ''Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra'' and related texts. He is currently working on a translation of the Tibetan and two Chinese versions of the ''Nirvāṇasūtra'', to be accompanied by an exhaustive textual analysis demonstrating the compositional methods and stratification of this text and the relationship between the three versions. Hodge has recently embarked upon a parallel study of the development and texts of early 1st century CE Messianic Judaism and the Hebreo-Aramaic basis of the Gospels, as well as investigating possible ideological influences in Southern India.His publications include: ''An Introduction to Classical Tibetan'' (1990), ''The Illustrated Tibetan Book of the Dead'' (1998), ''The Dead Sea Scrolls'' (2001), ''The Mahā-Vairocana Tantra with Commentary by Buddhaguhya'' (2001), ''The Daodejing'' (2002), the following sections of the ''Yogācāra-bhūmi-ṣāstra'': ''Vyakhyā-saṃgrahaṇī'', ''Paryāya-saṃgrahaṇī'', ''Vastu-saṃgrahaṇī'', ''Śrāvaka-bhūmi'' (forthcoming with BDK). Hodge is also currently publishing a series of interim study papers on the ''Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra'': Paper I “The Textual Transmisssion of the ''Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra''," Paper II "Who Compiled the ''Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra'', Where & When?” (forthcoming), Paper III "The Development of the Conceptual Terminology of the ''Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra''" (forthcoming. ([https://www.buddhismuskunde.uni-hamburg.de/en/personen/hodge.html Source Accessed October 16, 2019])/hodge.html Source Accessed October 16, 2019]))
Thakur, L. + (Dr. Y. S. Parmar Chair Professor, Department of History, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla)
Hedinger, J. + (Dr. phil. Jürg Hedinger is a lecturer in l … Dr. phil. Jürg Hedinger is a lecturer in literature, psychology, philosophy, the history of religion, Indology, creative and literary writing at the School of Applied Linguistics (SAL), at the adult education center and other institutes. ([https://www.sal.ch/story-academy/autobiografisches-schreiben/mehr-zum-lehrgang/ Adapted from Source Feb 16, 2021])hrgang/ Adapted from Source Feb 16, 2021]))
Drupa Rinpoche, 7th + (Drupa Rinpoche Lobsang Yeshi who is 7th in … Drupa Rinpoche Lobsang Yeshi who is 7th in the lineage of Drupa Rinpoches, is the head of Drupa Monastery in Kham, Eastern Tibet. The present Drupa Rinpoche was born in India and recognized by His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama in the year of 1988 as the reincarnation of 6th Drupa Rinpoche Shedrup Tenpai Gyaltsen.Drupa Rinpoche joined Drepung Loselling Monastery in 1988 and completed his monastic studies by receiving his Geshe degree in 2005. Rinpoche is tri-lingual (Tibetan, English and Hindi) which enabled him to successfully pursue a Bachelor in Psychology (Hons) degree from HELP University, Malaysia and thereafter, a Master of Science in Positive Psychology (MSPP) from Life University, GA, USA. Rinpoche presented his research paper titled “Are materialism and spirituality two sides of the happiness coin? A mixed-methods study” at the 31st International Congress of Psychology (ICP), Yokohama, Japan. Rinpoche has been inducted as a member of Psy Chi, the International Honor Society in Psychology. ([https://www.khacholing.org/w/teachers/drupa-rinpoche-lobsang-yeshi-bio/ Source Accessed Oct 28, 2021])-yeshi-bio/ Source Accessed Oct 28, 2021]))
Bhattacharya, D. + (Durga Mohan Bhattacharya was an Indian sch … Durga Mohan Bhattacharya was an Indian scholar of Sanskrit. He had served as a professor of Sanskrit at the Scottish Church College in Calcutta.He was a key figure in reviving many manuscripts of the Paippalāda-Saṃhitā and its ancillary literature like the Āṅgirasakalpa after painstaking search over years in Orissa and south-west Bengal. Durgamohan Bhattacharya's discovery of a living tradition of the Paippalāda-Saṃhitā, unknown until then, was hailed in the Indological world as epoch making. Ludwig Alsdorf went so far as to say that it was the greatest event in Indology. Bhattacharya died in 1965 leaving his edition of the text incomplete. This task was completed by his son Dipak, whose critical edition of the first 18 kāṇḍas was published by the Asiatic Society, Calcutta in three volumes in 1997, 2008 and 2011.'''Early Life''' In the early 1900 he with other members of his family, migrated to Sahanagar, Lalbag in the district of Murshidabad. The family was poor and could not send its young children to an English medium school. His early education was derived from tols and chatuspathis, where the main subjects taught were Bengali and Sanskrit, the medium of education primarily being Bengali. Durgamohan was an exceptionally brilliant student and by the year 1915 he had appeared at several Sanskrit Upadhi examinations and topped the list of candidates for the several examinations on Sanskrit conducted by the Government of Bengal. He acquired the highest degrees in Kavya, Sankhya and Purana and got the title of Bhagavataratna.Durgamohan with his widowed mother (Sarada) and only younger brother moved to his maternal uncle's house in Calcutta. Coming to know about the keen desire of Durgamohan to study English, his senior maternal uncle took him to Suresh Chandra Kundu, then the headmaster of Town School, Calcutta, an institution of great reputation. It was an immense task for Durgamohan to achieve as he had already reached the age of 16 and he was required to complete the normal course of ten years in a single year. He successfully completed the task and in 1917 he sat for the Entrance Examination of the University of Calcutta and was declared successful, obtaining a place in the First Division of successful candidates.The Intermediate Examination (F.A.) was achieved in 1919 at the Vidyasagar College, the B.A. Examination with a First Class honours Degree in Sanskrit from the Scottish Church College was gained in 1921 and the master's degree in Sanskrit was obtained in 1923 from the University of Calcutta.'''Career''' After completing his studies in the University, Durgamohan decided to take up the educational line as his field of activities. Having served as a Professor of Sanskrit in the Narasinha Dutt College of Howrah for some time, he joined the Scottish Church College as a professor of Sanskrit and Bengali and eventually became the head of the department of Sanskrit in the early thirties. In 1952 he was inducted in the West Bengal Senior Educational Service as Professor of Vedic Language, Literature and Culture in the Postgraduate Training and Research Department of the Sanskrit College, which position he occupied till the date of his death.He used to be invited by learned societies like the Asiatic Society of Bengal, the Asiatic Society of Bombay, the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, and others to deliver talks on specific topics particularly the Vedas. He was awarded gold medals by the Asiatic Societies for his services in the field of Sanskrit.'''Work on Paippalāda-Saṃhitā''' He had come to infer from many sources that of the four Vedas, the Atharva Veda and its practice had not become extinct in India as many scholars of repute used to hold and propagate. To prove his conviction in this regard he visited a large number of places all over India, and, ultimately a few years before his death, he was able to locate a place in Orissa, Guhiapal to be precise where he found the Atharva Veda to be actively practiced and there he discovered several Oriya manuscripts in which the Paippalāda-Saṃhitā, one of the nine versions of the Atharva Veda was faithfully reproduced. The discovery was made known to the world and the belief about the extinction of the practice of Atharva Veda was proved incorrect. He was hailed for his painstaking effort and perseverance in the unearthing of the Paippalāda-Saṃhitā as an epoch making discovery.He started serious work on the Paippalāda-Saṃhitā, and publications also started which received acclamations from scholars all over the world. But unfortunately Durgamohan fell ill with cancer and died on 12 November 1965. His task was completed by his son Dipak Bhattacharya whose critical edition of the first 18 kāṇḍas published by the Asiatic Society, Calcutta came out in three volumes in 1997, 2008 and 2011. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durga_Mohan_Bhattacharyya Adapted from Source Mar 25, 2022])Durga_Mohan_Bhattacharyya Adapted from Source Mar 25, 2022]))
'jam dbyangs mkhyen brtse chos kyi blo gros + (Dzongsar Khyentse Chokyi Lodro was one of … Dzongsar Khyentse Chokyi Lodro was one of the most influential religious teachers in Kham in the first half of the twentieth century. One of multiple reincarnations of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, he served as head of Dzongsar Monastery, which he enlarged, founding the monastic college, Khamshe, in 1918. Chokyi Lodro fled Kham in 1955 during the Communist takeover of Tibet, settling in Sikkim, where he passed away in 1959. ([http://www.treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Jamyang-Khyentse-Chokyi-Lodro/9990 Source: Treasury of Lives]). Also see his collected works at [https://khyentselineage.tsadra.org/index.php/%27jam_dbyangs_mkhyen_brtse_chos_kyi_blo_gros Tsadra Foundation's Khyentse Lineage webiste] and the translations of his texts at [https://www.lotsawahouse.org/tibetan-masters/jamyang-khyentse-chokyi-lodro/ Lotsawa House].ang-khyentse-chokyi-lodro/ Lotsawa House].)
Gruber, E. + (ELMAR R. GRUBER, PhD, was born in Vienna, … ELMAR R. GRUBER, PhD, was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1955. He is a psychologist, an independent scholar and freelance popular-science writer, as well as a scientific advisor for radio and television in Europe. He is the author of twenty books that have been published in fifteen languages throughout the world. A longtime practitioner of Tibetan Buddhism, he is a student of Drikung Chetsang Rinpoche.is a student of Drikung Chetsang Rinpoche.)
Sulek, E. + (EMILIA RÓŻA SULEK graduated in Social Anthropology and Oriental Studies from the University of Warsaw. She is a doctoral candidate at the Central Asian Seminar, Humboldt University in Berlin.)
Emmerick, R. + (EMMERICK, RONALD ERIC, (b. Sydney, 9 March … EMMERICK, RONALD ERIC, (b. Sydney, 9 March 1937; d. Hamburg, 31 August 2001), distinguished Australian scholar of the ancient civilizations and languages of Iran, India, and Tibet. He was the only son of Eric Steward Emmerick (1905-67) and Myrtle Caroline Emmerick, née Smith (1908-72). Prompted by his keen interest in languages and their history, he studied Latin, Greek, French, and German at Sydney University (1955-58), where he also attended an unofficial Sanskrit course offered by the classicist and linguist Athanasius Pryor Treweek. He took his B.A. degree with First Class Honors and received the University Medal for Classics with a thesis on “Mycenaean Morphology.” Subsequently he was appointed as a teaching fellow in the Latin department in 1959. His choice to write his thesis on Mycenaean Greek, whose script, Linear B, had only been deciphered in 1953, attests to his intellectual curiosity and shows how he was attracted by little explored subjects whose study could open up new vistas and deepen our knowledge of history in general. His chosen field of research, however, to which he devoted most of his life, was to be the Khotanese language and texts. He first heard of this language when, in Sydney, at the age of twenty-two, he read Harold Walter Bailey’s 1938 inaugural lecture, “The Content of Indian and Iranian Studies.” He was so impressed by this lecture that he decided to study Khotanese with Bailey at Cambridge University. There, he first completed his studies in Classics and was instructed in Iranian and Indian studies by Bailey, receiving the Brotherton Sanskrit Prize, the Bhaonagar Medal for Sanskrit and the Rapson Scholarship. Then, in the years 1963-65, he wrote his doctoral dissertation entitled "Indo-Iranian Studies: Saka Grammar" and took his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in 1965. In the meantime, he had been elected research fellow at St. John’s College, Cambridge (1964-67) and lecturer in Iranian Studies at the School of Oriental and African Studies of the University of London (1964-71). In addition, he taught Sanskrit at Cambridge while Bailey was on a sabbatical leave (1965-66). He subsequently revised and enlarged his dissertation and published it under the title Saka Grammatical Studies (1968f), which became an indispensable reference work for both ancient and modern Iranian studies.(Read more [https://iranicaonline.org/articles/emmerick-ronald-eric-scholar here])ticles/emmerick-ronald-eric-scholar here]))
Cowell, E. + (Edward Byles Cowell, FBA (23 January 1826 … Edward Byles Cowell, FBA (23 January 1826 – 9 February 1903) was a noted translator of Persian poetry and the first professor of Sanskrit at Cambridge University.Cowell was born in Ipswich, the son of Charles Cowell and Marianne Byles. Elizabeth "Beth" Cowell, the painter, was his sister.He became interested in Oriental languages at the age of fifteen, when he found a copy of Sir William Jones's works (including his ''Persian Grammar'') in the public library. Self-taught, he began translating and publishing Hafez within the year.On the death of his father in 1842 he took over the family business. He married in 1845, and in 1850 entered Magdalen College, Oxford, where he studied and catalogued Persian manuscripts for the Bodleian Library. From 1856 to 1867 he lived in Calcutta as professor of English history at Presidency College. He was also as principal of Sanskrit College from 1858 to 1864. In this year he discovered a manuscript of Omar Khayyám's quatrains in the Asiatic Society's library and sent a copy to London for his friend and student, Edward Fitzgerald, who then produced the famous English translations (the ''Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam'', 1859). He also published, unsigned, an introduction to Khayyám with translations of thirty quatrains in the ''Calcutta Review'' (1858).Having studied Hindustani, Bengali, and Sanskrit with Indian scholars, he returned to England to take up an appointment as the first professor of Sanskrit at Cambridge. He was professor from 1867 until his death in 1903. He was made an honorary member of the German Oriental Society (DMG) in 1895, was awarded the Royal Asiatic Society's first gold medal in 1898, and in 1902 became a founding member of the British Academy. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Byles_Cowell Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021])yles_Cowell Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021]))
Brown, E. + (Edward was ordained in 1971 by Shunryu Suz … Edward was ordained in 1971 by Shunryu Suzuki Roshi, who gave him the Dharma name Jusan Kainei, which means "Longevity Mountain, Peaceful Sea." Edward has been practicing Zen since 1965 and also has done extensive vipassana practice, yoga, and chi gung. He leads regular sitting groups and meditation retreats in Northern California and offers workshops in the U.S. and internationally on a variety of subjects, including cooking, handwriting change, and Mindfulness Touch. Edward is an accomplished chef, who helped found Greens Restaurant in San Francisco and worked with Deborah Madison in writing ''The Greens Cookbook''. Edward's other books include ''The Tassajara Bread Book'', ''Tassajara Cooking'', ''The Tassajara Recipe Book'', and ''Tomato Blessings and Radish Teachings''. He also edited ''Not Always So'', a collection of Suzuki Roshi's lectures. In 2007, Edward was the subject of a critically acclaimed feature-length documentary film entitled ''How to Cook Your Life'', directed by Doris Dörrie. ([https://www.peacefulseasangha.com/default.html Source Accessed Nov 25, 2020])efault.html Source Accessed Nov 25, 2020]))
Franco, E. + (Eli Franco (born June 19, 1953 in Tel Aviv … Eli Franco (born June 19, 1953 in Tel Aviv ) is an Israeli Indologist. He received his BA in Philosophy and Jewish Philosophy from the University of Tel Aviv in 1976, the Diplôme de l' Ecole des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in 1978, Paris, and the Doctorat 3e cycle from the Université de Paris X and L'Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes in 1980. Since 2004 he has held the chair for Indology at the Institute for Indology and Central Asian Studies at the University of Leipzig, Germany. Among his writings include: ''Perception, Knowledge and Disbelief: A Study of Jayarāśi's Skepticism'' (Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden, 1987), ''Dharmakīrti on Compassion and Rebirth'' (Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien, Universität Wien, 1997), ''The Spitzer Manuscript: The Oldest Philosophical Manuscript in Sanskrit'' (Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2004), and (with Miyako Notake) ''Dharmakīrti on the Duality of the Object: Pramāṇavārttika III, 1 - 63'' (Lit Verlag, 2014). ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli_Franco Adapted from Source July 20, 2019])Franco Adapted from Source July 20, 2019]))
Prophet, E. + (Elizabeth Clare Prophet (née: Wulf, a.k.a. … Elizabeth Clare Prophet (née: Wulf, a.k.a. Guru Ma) (April 8, 1939 – October 15, 2009) was an American spiritual leader, author, orator, and writer. In 1963 she married Mark L. Prophet (after ending her first marriage), who had founded The Summit Lighthouse in 1958. Mark and Elizabeth had four children. Elizabeth, after her second husband's death on February 26, 1973, assumed control of The Summit Lighthouse.In 1975 Prophet founded Church Universal and Triumphant, which became the umbrella organization for the movement, and which she expanded worldwide. She also founded Summit University and Summit University Press. In the late 1980s Prophet controversially called on her members to prepare for the possibility of nuclear war at the turn of the decade, encouraging them to construct fallout shelters. In 1996, Prophet handed day-to-day operational control of her organization to a president and board of directors. She maintained her role as spiritual leader until her retirement due to health reasons in 1999.During the 1980s and 1990s Prophet appeared on Larry King Live, Donahue and Nightline, among other television programs. Earlier media appearances included a feature in 1977 in "The Man Who Would Not Die," an episode of NBC's In Search Of... series. She was also featured in 1994 on NBC's Ancient Prophecies. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Clare_Prophet Source accessed March 11, 2020])e_Prophet Source accessed March 11, 2020]))
O'Hagan, E. + (Emer O’Hagan is Associate Professor at the … Emer O’Hagan is Associate Professor at the University of Saskatchewan. Her primary interests include the role of self-knowledge in moral agency and moral development, constitutivism in metaethics, and Kantian ethics. Some of her recentpublications include "Self-Knowledge and the Development of Virtue," in N. Birondo and S. Braun (eds.), ''Virtue's Reasons: New Essays on Virtue, Character, and Reasons'' (Routledge, 2017); "Shmagents, Realism and Constitutivism AboutRational Norms," in ''The Journal of Value Inquiry'' 2014; "Self-Knowledge and Moral Stupidity," in ''Ratio'' 2012; and "Animals, Agency, and Obligation in Kantian Ethics," in ''Social Theory and Practice'' 2009. (Source: [https://research.tsadra.org/index.php/Ethics_without_Self,_Dharma_without_Atman Ethics without Self, Dharma without Atman])thics without Self, Dharma without Atman]))
Martinez-Melis, N. + (Emeritus Professor at the Autonomous Unive … Emeritus Professor at the Autonomous University of Barcelona, PhD in Translation Theory. Since 1998, she has been practicing meditation in the tradition of Tibetan Buddhism and regularly conducts both group and individual retreats. She has performed accompaniment in the hospital and at home. She has participated in several training seminars on accompaniment in illness and end of life. Since 2010 she has coordinated seminars on suffering, illness and death, including "Viure la pròpia mort i la dels altres" of the CCEB. ([https://www.anitya.es/quienes-somos/ Source Accessed Jan 19, 2021])enes-somos/ Source Accessed Jan 19, 2021]))
Kanakura, E. + (Ensho Kanakura was born in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. After graduating from Tokyo University (1920) Ensho Kanakura began studying Indian philosophy and the doctrines of Buddhism. He was a professor of Tohoku University.)
Waldschmidt, E. + (Ernst Waldschmidt (July 15, 1897, Lünen, P … Ernst Waldschmidt (July 15, 1897, Lünen, Province of Westphalia – February 25, 1985, Göttingen) was a German orientalist and Indologist. He was a pupil of German indologist Emil Sieg. He taught at Berlin University and began teaching at the University of Göttingen in 1936. Waldschmidt joined the Nazi party in May 1937 and became a member of the National Socialist German Lecturers League in 1939. He was a specialist on Indian philosophy, and archaeology of India and Central Asia. He also founded Stiftung Ernst Waldschmidt. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Waldschmidt Source Accessed May 5, 2022])_Waldschmidt Source Accessed May 5, 2022]))
Chung, F. + (Felin Chung is a graduate of Rangjung Yeshe Institute's Translator Training Program (TTP). She is a member of the Dharmachakra Translation Committee.)
Sutton, F. + (Floring Giripescu Sutton was Assistant Professor of Oriental Philosophy at Rutgers University.)
Holmes, Katia + (Following an education in France and Ameri … Following an education in France and America, Katia Holmes gained an M.A. in political science at SciencePo in Paris and went on to gain an M.Sc. in economics at the University of Paris. Her research at this time took her to India. Following a year of lecturing at Vincennes University in Paris, in 1970 she stayed for much of a sabbatical year in Kagyu Samye Ling Tibetan Centre in Scotland, which she had visited in 1969. Based in Samye Ling and France, she has dedicated her life since then to the study and preservation of Tibetan wisdom. In 1987 she gained a pre-doctoral DEA diploma in Religious Anthropology of Asia and Africa at the EPHE, Paris. Since 1993, she has concentrated on Tibetan Medicine and has worked in close conjunction with Khenpo Troru Tsenam Rinpoche . . . Katia is the main translator and interpreter for the Tara-Rokpa College of Tibetan Medicine where she is working on a translation of the famous Fourfold Tantra . . . ([http://kagyu.org.za/harare/visiting-teachers/ken-and-katia-holmes-october-23-november-2-2013/ Source Accessed Jul 22, 2020])ber-2-2013/ Source Accessed Jul 22, 2020]))
Cook, F. + (Francis Dojun Cook was born and raised in … Francis Dojun Cook was born and raised in a very small town in upstate New York in 1930. He was lucky to be an ordinary kid with ordinary parents. By means of true grit and luck, he managed to acquire several academic degrees and learn something about Buddhism. More luck in the form of a Fulbright Fellowship enabled him to study in Kyoto, Japan, for a year and a half, where he would have learned more had he not spent so much time admiring temple gardens. He now teaches Buddhism at the University of California, Riverside, and is director of translations at the Institute for Transcultural Studies in Los Angeles. He remains ordinary, but to his credit it can be said that he raised four good kids, has a great love for animals, and cooks pretty well. A sign that at last he is becoming more intelligent is that he became a student of Maezumi Roshi several years ago, the best thing he ever did. He is also the author of ''Hua-yen Buddhism: The Jewel Net of Indra'', and of various articles on Buddhism in scholarly journals. ([https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/francis-dojun-cook/ Source Accessed Mar 18, 2021])dojun-cook/ Source Accessed Mar 18, 2021]))
Cleaves, F. + (Francis Woodman Cleaves (born in Boston in … Francis Woodman Cleaves (born in Boston in 1911 and died in New Hampshire on December 31, 1995) was a Sinologist, linguist, and historian who taught at Harvard University, and was the founder of Sino-Mongolian studies in America. He is well known for his translation of ''The Secret History of the Mongols''.Cleaves received his undergraduate degree in Classics from Dartmouth College, and then enrolled in the graduate program in Comparative Philology at Harvard, but transferred to the study of Far Eastern Languages under Serge Elisséeff in the mid-1930s, prior to the formal establishment of the department.In 1935, on a fellowship from the Harvard-Yenching Institute, Cleaves went first to Paris, where he studied Mongolian and other Central Asian languages with the Sinologist Paul Pelliot for three years, then to Beijing where he studied with the Mongolist Antoine Mostaert S.J. Always an avid book collector, he also roamed the stalls and shops in Liulichang, the street for books and antiques. There he accumulated an extensive collection not only in Chinese and Mongolian, his own interests, but also in Manchu, which he did not plan to use himself. The books in Manchu were particularly rare and form the core of Harvard's Manchu collection.Cleaves returned to Harvard in 1941 and taught Chinese in the Department of Far Eastern Languages as well as worked on the Harvard-Yenching Institute Chinese-English dictionary project. In the following year he received his Ph.D. with a dissertation entitled “A Sino-Mongolian Inscription on 1362,” and offered Harvard’s first course on the Mongolian language. Cleaves enlisted in the United States Navy and served in the Pacific. After the war ended, he helped to relocate Japanese citizens who had lived in China back to Japan and sorted through the books they left behind to find those suitable for shipping to the Harvard-Yenching Library.In 1946, Cleaves returned to Harvard and proceeded to teach Chinese and Mongolian, without interruption, for the next thirty-five years. He is unique for being the only professor in the history of the department never to take a sabbatical. He trained his students in the traditional European sinology of his mentors. Among his best-known disciples were Joseph Fletcher, the distinguished Mongolist and historian, and Elizabeth Endicott-West, author of basic studies on the Yuan dynasty and History of Mongolia.Cleaves had an especially close relation with William Hung, a preeminent scholar who had become his friend and mentor when they met in China in the 1930s. A mutual friend recalled that Cleaves was "an old-fashioned gentleman perhaps more at home with his cows, horses, and fellow farmers in New Hampshire than with the academic intrigues of Cambridge," while Hung was a "pragmatic Confucianist." The two would meet every weekday at three to sip tea and perhaps read from the Chinese classics or dynastic histories. Cleaves introduced Hung to the Mongol histories, and Hung published several articles in this field. Hung's article on the ''Secret History of the Mongols'', however, drew conclusions which Cleaves did not feel were correct. Out of respect for his friend, Cleaves did not publish his own translation until 1985, after Hung's death.Cleaves was renowned for his meticulously annotated translations of Chinese and Old Mongolian texts, and consistently emphasized literal philological accuracy over aesthetic beauty. He published over seventy books and articles, many of which were on bilingual Sino-Mongolian stele inscriptions from the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. His largest project was a complete annotated translation of the ''Secret History of the Mongols'', of which only the first volume was ever published. In order to give readers the flavor of the original, Cleaves restricted the vocabulary to words used in Elizabethan English, a decision which made the text hard for some readers to comprehend. In 1984, Paul Kahn published a translation based on Cleaves but using contemporary English.A deeply committed teacher, Cleaves reluctantly retired in 1980, and continued his scholarship on Mongolian history. Much of his work, including notes on the remaining sections of the ''Secret History'' and manuscripts for dozens of additional articles, remained unpublished at the time of his death in 1995. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Woodman_Cleaves Source Accessed Mar 12, 2021])man_Cleaves Source Accessed Mar 12, 2021]))
Chenique, F. + (François Chenique is a French essayist and … François Chenique is a French essayist and author of studies on esotericism. He was a professor of computer science at Sciences-Po Paris and participated in the creation of one of the first computer management services within the Society of Pont-à-Mousson. He is a specialist in classical and modern logic and has written several books on this subject. Chenique also held a doctorate in Religious Sciences from the University of Strasbourg. He devoted himself mainly to the study of Christian esotericism in the traditionalist tradition initiated by René Guénon. ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Chenique Source Accessed Oct 18, 2019])is_Chenique Source Accessed Oct 18, 2019]))
Pargiter, F. + (Frederick Eden Pargiter (1852 - 18 Februar … Frederick Eden Pargiter (1852 - 18 February 1927) was a British civil servant and Orientalist.Born in 1852, Pargiter was the second son of Rev. Robert Pargiter. He studied at Taunton Grammar School and Exeter College, Oxford where he passed in 1873 with a first-class in mathematics. Pargiter passed the Indian Civil Service examinations and embarked for India in 1875.Pargiter served in India from 1875 to 1906 becoming Under-Secretary to the Government of Bengal in 1885, District and Sessions Court judge in 1887 and a judge of the Calcutta High Court in 1904. Pargiter voluntarily retired in 1906 following the death of his wife and returned to the United Kingdom.Pargiter died at Oxford on 18 February 1927 in his seventy-fifth year.In his Ancient Indian Historical Tradition, taking the accession of Chandragupta Maurya in 321 BC as his reference point, Pargiter dated the Battle of Kurukshetra to 950 BC assigning an average of 14.48 years for each king mentioned in the Puranic lists. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F._E._Pargiter Source Accessed Apr 16, 2022])E._Pargiter Source Accessed Apr 16, 2022]))
Thomas, F. + (Frederick William Thomas CIE FBA (21 March … Frederick William Thomas CIE FBA (21 March 1867 – 6 May 1956), usually cited as F. W. Thomas, was an English Indologist and Tibetologist.Thomas was born on 21 March 1867 in Tamworth, Staffordshire. After schooling at King Edward's School, Birmingham, he went up to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1885, graduating with a first class degree in both classics and Indian languages and being awarded a Browne medal in both 1888 and 1889. At Cambridge he studied Sanskrit under the influential Orientalist Edward Byles Cowell.He was a librarian at the India Office Library (now subsumed into the British Library) between 1898 and 1927. Simultaneously he was lecturer in comparative philology at University College, London from 1908 to 1935, Reader in Tibetan at London University from 1909 to 1937 and the Boden Professor of Sanskrit at Oxford University between 1927 and 1937, in which capacity he became a fellow of Balliol College. His students at Oxford included Harold Walter Bailey.Thomas became a Fellow of the British Academy in 1927. He died on 6 May 1956.Thomas collaborated with Jacques Bacot in publishing a collection of Old Tibetan historical texts. In addition he studied many Old Tibetan texts himself which were collected in his four-volume Tibetan literary texts and documents concerning Chinese Turkestan and Ancient folk-literature from North-Eastern Tibet. He also published a monograph on the Nam language, and wrote an unpublished work on the Zhangzhung language.His catalogues of the Tibetan manuscripts from Central Asia brought to the India Office Library by Marc Aurel Stein remained unpublished until 2007, when his catalogue of Tibetan manuscripts from Stein's third expedition was published on the website of the International Dunhuang Project. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_William_Thomas_(philologist) Source Accessed Apr 22, 2022])hilologist) Source Accessed Apr 22, 2022]))
Bosch, F. + (Frederik David Kan Bosch (Potchefstroom, T … Frederik David Kan Bosch (Potchefstroom, Transvaal, 17 June 1887 - Leiden, 20 July 1967) was an archaeological scientist and restorer of the Borobudur and Prambanan on Java from 1915 to 1936. ([https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederik_David_Kan_Bosch Source Accessed Sep 14, 2021])d_Kan_Bosch Source Accessed Sep 14, 2021]))
Liland, F. + (Fredrik Liland's education and work experi … Fredrik Liland's education and work experience have mainly been in the areas of culture, religion and language, and especially the topic of Buddhism. He lived in Nepal in retreat from 2014 to 2019. Prior to this, he was mostly engaged in work that involved research and dissemination. He has experience as a translator, word processor, teacher, project manager, and book and web designer. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/fredrik-liland-b375371a7/ Adapted from Source Feb 8, 2021])75371a7/ Adapted from Source Feb 8, 2021]))
Weller, F. + (Friedrich Weller (born July 22, 1889 in Ma … Friedrich Weller (born July 22, 1889 in Markneukirchen, † November 19, 1980 in Leipzig) was a German philologist and Indologist. After graduating from high school, Friedrich Weller devoted himself to studying philology at the University of Leipzig before starting his work on ''Zum Lalita'' in 1915. . . . After completing his habilitation in Indology at the University of Leipzig in 1922, he was appointed private lecturer in Chinese and East Asian religious history at the Philological and Historical Department of the Faculty of Philosophy, which he completed until 1928. Immediately thereafter, Weller received the unscheduled professorship for Sanskrit , Chinese and East Asian religious history, before he took over the chair for Indian philology in 1938, which he held until his retirement in 1958. In 1933 he signed the professors' declaration of Adolf Hitler at German universities and colleges.Weller was a full member of the Saxon Academy of Sciences from 1943 to 1980. In 1955 he was awarded the GDR's second class national prize for science and technology. In recognition of his services in the field of Indology, the Friedrich Weller Prize, endowed with 2500 euros, was launched in 1985. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Weller_(Philologe) Source Accessed Mar 10, 2021])(Philologe) Source Accessed Mar 10, 2021]))
Sueki, F. + (Fumihiko Sueki, PhD, is a professor emerit … Fumihiko Sueki, PhD, is a professor emeritus of the University of Tokyo, the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, and the International Research Center for Japanese Studies. His research focuses mainly on reconstruction of the intellectual history of Buddhism in Japan from ancient to modern times. He is the author and editor of a number of books, mainly on Japanese Buddhism and the history of Japanese philosophy and religion. ([https://rk-world.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/DW18_7-12.pdf Source Accessed Sep 17, 2021])18_7-12.pdf Source Accessed Sep 17, 2021]))
Sga bla ma 'jam dbyangs rgyal mtshan + (Gapa Khenpo Jamyang Chökyi Gyaltsen or Khe … Gapa Khenpo Jamyang Chökyi Gyaltsen or Khenpo Jamgyal (1870-1940) was the third khenpo of Dzongsar shedra. He was a student of Loter Wangpo as well as Khenpo Shenga. He was a teacher of Dezhung Rinpoche and Khenpo Appey. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Jamyang_Gyaltsen Rigpa Wiki])title=Khenpo_Jamyang_Gyaltsen Rigpa Wiki]))
Garchen Rinpoche + (Garchen Rinpoche, Konchog Gyaltsen (mgar c … Garchen Rinpoche, Konchog Gyaltsen (mgar chen dkon mchog rgyal mtshan, b. 1949), is a master ofthe Drigung Kagyu tradition. By the time he finally left Tibet in the 1990s, he had spent twenty-three years imprisoned by the Chinese. Of his time in prison, twenty years were spent in the company of his teacher, Khenpo Munsel (mkhan po mun sel, 1916-1994). Since coming out of Tibet, he has been tirelessly teaching throughout the world. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond) the world. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond))
Sparham, G. + (Gareth Sparham was a monk for more than tw … Gareth Sparham was a monk for more than twenty years and an oral interpreter for many learned lamas while living in India. He holds a PhD in Asian Studies from the University of British Columbia. The author and translator of numerous works, many focusing on the writings of Tsongkhapa, he has taught Tibetan language at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and the University of California at Berkeley. He lives with his wife in Walnut Creek, California. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/gareth-sparham/ Wisdom Experience])author/gareth-sparham/ Wisdom Experience]))
Gautama Prajñāruci + (Gautama Prajñāruci (Jutan Boreliuzhi 瞿曇般若流 … Gautama Prajñāruci (Jutan Boreliuzhi 瞿曇般若流支, fl. 538–543) was a translator of Indian texts into Chinese and is said to have reached China in 516. Among the texts he translated include Vasubandhu's ''Viṃśatikā'', Nāgārjuna's ''Vigrahavyāvartanī'' (co-translated with *Vimokṣa Prajñārṣi 毘目智仙), and the ''Saddharmasmṛtyupasthānasūtra'' (T721) ca. A.D. 538–541..pasthānasūtra'' (T721) ca. A.D. 538–541. .)
Sekimori, G. + (Gaynor Sekimori is presently Research Asso … Gaynor Sekimori is presently Research Associate in the Centre for the Study of Japanese Religions, SOAS, London, and a Visiting Professor at Kôkugakuin University, Tôkyô. She is also a Council member of the Association for the Study of Japanese Mountain Religion and Shugendô. She was Associate Professor and Managing Editor of the ''International Journal of Asian Studies'', University of Tôkyô, 2001-2007, and continues to work professionally as an academic editor and translator. Her research interests include Shugendô history, ritual study (Haguro Shugendô), female exclusion from sacred sites, and Edo popular cults (Otake Dainichi Nyorai) and she has published numerous articles on these topics. She translated and edited Miyake Hitoshi's ''Mandala of the Mountain: Shugendô and Folk Religion'' (Tôkyô, 2005). ([https://publications.efeo.fr/en/author/1100_gaynor-sekimori Source Accessed Apr 23, 2021])or-sekimori Source Accessed Apr 23, 2021]))
Samuel, G. + (Geoffrey Samuel’s research extends over a … Geoffrey Samuel’s research extends over a number of interrelated areas within religious studies, social anthropology, comparative sociology, and cognate disciplines. Theoretically, his interests centre around an understanding of cultural processes and their effects on human behaviour, in terms which recognise the embodied character of human existence and which give proper weight to both human consciousness and biology. He is particularly interested in religion (including ‘shamanism’) in relation to healing, gender and ecology, including the ways in which these issues manifest in contemporary societies.His main ethnographic focus has been on religion in Tibetan societies. His work on Tibetan religion has also extended into the social history of Indic religions more generally. Other research topics include Tibetan medicine and health practices, the anthropology of music, research on Buddhism and other new religious movements (paganism, shamanism, esotericism) in the UK and Australia, and research into Islam in the UK and Bangladesh. He has carried out extensive field research over many years in India, Nepal, Tibet, and other Asian and Western societies.His recent research, organised through the Research Group on the Body, Health and Religion (BAHAR), focusses on the understanding of healing processes in a variety of contexts: folk healing practices in Asian societies, ‘traditional’ Asian medical and yogic practices aimed at healing, and Western adaptations and developments of such practices within the field of complementary and alternative medicine. This research has included two major externally-funded projects under his direction, an AHRC-funded project on Tibetan longevity practices (with Cathy Cantwell and Rob Mayer) and a Leverhulme Trust-funded project on Tibetan medicine in the Bon tradition (with Colin Millard). Currently he is involved in a Templeton Foundation-funded project on meditation-derived compassion training for nurses and other health staff in Sydney, NSW.In 2008-11, he also took part in an ESRC-funded project on young Bangladeshis, marriage and the family in Bangladesh and the UK directed by Dr Santi Rozario. ([https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/people/view/702489-samuel-geoffrey Source Accessed Aug 7, 2020])89-samuel-geoffrey Source Accessed Aug 7, 2020]))
Roerich, G. + (George Nicolas de Roerich was a prominent … George Nicolas de Roerich was a prominent 20th century Tibetologist. His name at birth was Yuri Nikolaevich Rerikh. George's work encompassed many areas of Tibetan studies, but in particular he is known for his contributions to Tibetan dialectology, his monumental translation of the ''Blue Annals'', and his 11-volume Tibetan-Russian-English dictionary (published posthumously). George was the son of the painter and explorer Nicholas Roerich and Helena Roerich. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_de_Roerich Source Accessed March 4, 2020])de_Roerich Source Accessed March 4, 2020]))
Wangchen, Geshe Namgyal + (Geshe Namgyal Wangchen was born in Tibet i … Geshe Namgyal Wangchen was born in Tibet in 1934 and educated at Drepung Monastary. In 1959, along with His Holiness the Dalai Lama and 100,000 other Tibetans, he fled the Chinese occupation of his homeland. During the 1980’s he began teaching Western students in London, England. He now lives and teaches in the reestablished Drepung Monastery in India. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/geshe-namgyal-wangchen/ Wisdom Publications])he-namgyal-wangchen/ Wisdom Publications]))
Rinchen, Sonam + (Geshe Sonam Rinchen was born in 1933 at Dh … Geshe Sonam Rinchen was born in 1933 at Dhargyey, in the Trehor Kham region of Eastern Tibet. At the age of thirteen, he decided to become a monk and entered Dhargyey Monastery, where he excelled in his studies and in debate. When he was nineteen, he made the two and a half month journey on foot to Central Tibet in order to enter Sera Je College of Sera Monastery. He became a fully ordained monk and remained there for the next six years until his studies were interrupted by the Chinese invasion of Tibet in 1959, which forced him into exile in India.For the following nine years, he lived with many other monks under extremely harsh conditions in Buxa Duar, West Bengal, in what had previously been a British internment camp. In 1967, he entered what is now the Central University of Tibetan Studies in Sarnath and stayed there until 1976, obtaining the degrees of Shastri and Acharya with honors. In 1980, he took the public examinations for the monastic title of Geshe. He received the highest qualification, that of Geshe Lharampa.Geshe Sonam Rinchen taught at the Library of Tibetan Works & Archives in Dharmsala, India for over 30 years. He published ten books in collaboration with his translator Ruth Sonam including Aryadeva’s Four Hundred Stanzas on the Middle Way, The Heart Sutra, The Bodhisattva Vow, the Six Perfections, How Karma Works, and Atisha’s Lamp for the Path to Enlightenment. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/advisory-member/geshe-sonam-rinchen/ Source Accessed Sep 29, 2022])-sonam-rinchen/ Source Accessed Sep 29, 2022]))
Soepa, Thubten + (Geshe Thubten Soepa was born in Zanskar, I … Geshe Thubten Soepa was born in Zanskar, India in 1955. At the age of fourteen he entered the monastery of Dromo Geshe Rinpoche in Kalimpong and at 19, he was sent to Sera Je Monastery in South India.Geshe Soepa took his novice vows before Serkong Tsenshab Rinpoche and his full vows before Kyabje Ling Dorjechang, the 97th head of the Gelug tradition (Tib: Ganden Tri Rinpoche). He also received many teachings and initiations from them, as well as from Ganden Zong Rinpoche. He attained the lharumpa geshe degree at Sera Je in 1997.After three years as resident teacher at Dzongkha Chode monastery, Lama Zopa Rinpoche invited Geshe Soepa to be the resident geshe of Aryatara Institut in Munich, Germany, where he taught for ten years.Geshe Soepa has travelled extensively in Europe and the United States, and teaches at many FPMT centers around the world. He is respected for his teachings on cherishing animals and is well known for his advocacy of animal rights and his stance on leading a vegetarian life.''Protecting the Lives of Helpless Beings'', a book by Geshe Soepa, presents a detailed discussion in support of vegetarianism and animal welfare. ([https://www.lamayeshe.com/teacher/geshe-thubten-soepa Source Accessed Oct 29, 2021])ubten-soepa Source Accessed Oct 29, 2021]))
Vajraghaṇṭapāda + (Ghanḍḥapa was a monk of Nālandā. When the … Ghanḍḥapa was a monk of Nālandā. When the king invited him to his palace, he refused. The king schemed to disgrace Ghanḍḥapa by sending a beautiful girl to seduce him. Instead, she asked to become his patron. One day, she convinced Ghanḍḥapa to allow her to spend the night because she was afraid to travel home alone. While sleeping, their bodies joined. Rather than reporting her success to the king, the girl lived with Ghanḍḥapa, bearing a son. One day, the king encountered them,Ghanḍḥapa carrying the child and a bottle of wine. When the king mocked him, Ghanḍḥapa threw down the child and the bottle. Water gushed from the earth, causing a flood, the child turning into a vajra and the bottle turning into a bell. Ghanḍḥapa turned into Cakrasaṃvara and the girl turned into Vajravārāhī, rising into the sky. The king and his courtiers were drowning when Avalokiteśvara appeared, stopping the flood with his foot. Ghanḍḥapa made the waters recede, declaring that a single substance can be both medicine and poison. The king became Ghanḍḥapa's disciple. (Source: Lopez Jr., Donald S. ''Seeing the Sacred in Samsara: An Illustrated Guide to the Eighty-Four Mahāsiddhas''. Boulder: Shambhala Publications, 2019: p. 147.)er: Shambhala Publications, 2019: p. 147.))
Gha rung pa lha'i rgyal mtshan + (Gharungwa Lhai Gyeltsen (g+ha rung ba lha' … Gharungwa Lhai Gyeltsen (g+ha rung ba lha'i rgyal mtshan) was born at Nyetang (snye thang) in 1319. At five years of age he received ordination as a novice monk at Kumbumtang (sku 'bum thang) and began studies of the monastic code. For two years he also studied Prajñāpāramitā, epistemology, and Abhidharma. Then he traveled to many different monasteries in U for further studies in the same subjects and others such as the Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra and the Five Treatises of Maitreya. While at the great Karma Kaygu monastery of Tsurpu (mtshur phu), he received the transmission of several tantras from the clairvoyant yogin Tokden Drakseng (rtogs ldan grags seng), who also recognized him as an incarnation of the Indian master Aryadeva.When he was twenty years old Gharungwa traveled to the Tsang region, where he reached a high level of expertise in the treatises of the vehicle of the perfections, epistemology, Abhidharma, and the monastic code under the teacher Konchok Sangpo (slob dpon dkon bzang, d.u.) at Drakram Monastery (brag ram). He also studied and taught at many other places before arriving at the great monastery of Sakya (sa skya), where he studied the same subjects under the master Jamyang Chokyi Gyeltsen ('jam dbyangs chos kyi rgyal mtshan, d.u.), but also received the Tantra Trilogy of Hevajra and the Bodhisattva Trilogy.He then studied at Pelteng Monastery (dpal steng dgon) under the master Rinchen Zangpo (rin chen bzang po, d.u.), and next traveled to the Kagyu monastery of Ralung (ra lung dgon), where he received many tantric transmissions such as the initiations of Hevjara in both the Sakya and the Kagyu traditions and the Doha Trilogy of the great Indian adept Saraha. While at Ralung, he heard about Dolpopa Sherab Gyeltsen (dol po pa shes rab rgyal mtshan) and was filled with faith.When Gharungwa was thirty-two years old he arrived at Jonang Monastery (jo nang dgon) and met Dolpopa. He offered the great master a white conch shell and other gifts and received many initiations such as Kālacakra and Guhyasamāja, and all the guiding instructions such as the six-branch yoga. He gained exceptional experience in meditation, actually beheld Avalokiteśvara and his pure land, and experienced pure visions such as the transformation of himself into a buddha and the light rays of his own body illuminating the entire three worlds. For many years Gharungwa received from Dolpopa a number of profound teachings such as the Bodhisattva Trilogy and the ten sutras of definitive meaning.Gharungwa also received special transmissions from some of Dolpopa's other major disciples: from Kunpang Chodrak Pelzang (kun spangs chos grags dpal bzang, 1283-1363) he received the Vimalaprabhā commentary on the Kālacakra Tantra seven times, the instructions of the six-branch yoga, Nāropa's commentary on the Sekoddesha, and so forth; from Jonang Lotsāwa Lodro Pel (jo nang lo tsA wa blo gros dpal, 1299-c.1353) he received the Vimalaprabhā and other tantric teachings; from Mati Paṇchen (ma ti paN chen blo gros rgyal mtshan, 1294-1376) he received many teachings such as the Five Treatises of Maitreya and the Lamdre (lam 'bras); from Chokle Namgyel (phyogs las rnam rgyal, 1306-1386) and Nyawon Kunga Pel (nya dbon nun dga' dpal, 1285-1379) he received many transmissions such as the Lamdre in both the Sakya tradition and the Shang tradition, and the Bodhisattva Trilogy.Gharungwa then ascended to the monastic seat of Gharung Monastery (g+ha rung), where he taught for many years. He was eventually offered the hermitage of Namkha Dzod (nam mkha' mdzod) and took up residence there, teaching the Vimalaprabhā and various other topics.He passed away in 1401.ous other topics. He passed away in 1401.)
Mortensen, E. + (Gilford College Departments and Positions: International Studies, Coordinator, Associate Professor of Religious Studies Religious Studies, Associate Professor of Religious Studies Phone: School Extension 316.2357 emortens@guilford.edu)
Davis, G. + (Gordon Davis’s research includes both hist … Gordon Davis’s research includes both historical work on ethical, political and metaphysical themes in the works of Hume, Kant and their contemporaries, and investigations into the applicability of methods of argument developed by these philosophers – as well as neo-Humean and neo-Kantian variations – to contemporary debates in ethics and metaethics. One of Gordon’s current projects explores the prospects for a theoretical synthesis of key elements within the three main traditions of contemporary ethical theory (consequentialism, Kantian deontology and virtue ethics). He also has a strong interest in applied ethics – especially issues surrounding biotechnology and obligations to future generations. ([https://carleton.ca/philosophy/people/davis-gordon/ Source Accessed Apr 16, 2021])vis-gordon/ Source Accessed Apr 16, 2021]))
Tuttle, G. + (Gray Tuttle studies the history of twentie … Gray Tuttle studies the history of twentieth century Sino-Tibetan relations as well as Tibet’s relations with the China-based Manchu Qing Empire. The role of Tibetan Buddhism in these historical relations is central to all his research. In his Tibetan Buddhists in the Making of Modern China (Columbia UP, 2005), he examines the failure of nationalism and race-based ideology to maintain the Tibetan territory of the former Qing empire as integral to the Chinese nation-state. Instead, he argues, a new sense of pan-Asian Buddhism was critical to Chinese efforts to hold onto Tibetan regions (one quarter of China’s current territory). His current research project, “Amdo Tibet, Middle Ground between Lhasa and Beijing (1578-1865),” is a historical analysis of the economic and cultural relations between China and Tibet in the early modern periods (16th – 19th centuries) when the intellectual and economic centers of Tibet shifted to the east, to Amdo — a Tibetan cultural region the size of France in northwestern China. Deploying Richard White’s concept of the “Middle Ground” in the context of two mature civilizations — Tibetan and Chinese — encountering one another, this book will examine how this contact led to three dramatic areas of growth that defined early modern Tibet: 1) the advent of mass monastic education, 20 the bureaucratization of reincarnate lamas’ charisma and 3) the development of modern conceptions of geography that reshaped the way Tibet was imagined. ([http://ealac.columbia.edu/gray-tuttle/ Source Accessed March 30, 2020])y-tuttle/ Source Accessed March 30, 2020]))
Bongard-Levin, G. + (Grigory Maksimovich Bongard-Levin (Russian … Grigory Maksimovich Bongard-Levin (Russian: Григорий Максимович Бонгард-Левин) (1933–2008) was a Russian historian specializing on Ancient India and the history of Central Asia. He also published on the history of Russian emigration. He was a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and was awarded the USSR State Prize in 1988. In 2006 he was awarded India's third highest civilian award Padma Bhushan which ranked below Bharat Ratna and Padma Vibhushan for his contribution in the field of Ancient India history. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grigory_Bongard-Levin Source Accessed May 11, 2022])ngard-Levin Source Accessed May 11, 2022]))
Malalasekera, G. + (Gunapala Piyasena Malalasekera, OBE, JP (8 … Gunapala Piyasena Malalasekera, OBE, JP (8 November 1899 – 23 April 1973) was a Sri Lankan academic, scholar and diplomat best known for his Malalasekara English-Sinhala Dictionary. He was Ceylon's first Ambassador to the Soviet Union, Ceylon's High Commissioner to Canada, the United Kingdom and Ceylon's Permanent Representative to the United Nations in New York. He was the Professor Emeritus in Pali and Dean of the Faculty of Oriental Studies. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunapala_Piyasena_Malalasekera Source Accessed Apr 20, 2021])alalasekera Source Accessed Apr 20, 2021]))
Gung ru rgyal mtshan bzang po + (Gungru Gyaltsen Zangpo (Tib. གུང་རུ་རྒྱལ་མ … Gungru Gyaltsen Zangpo (Tib. གུང་རུ་རྒྱལ་མཚན་བཟང་པོ་, Wyl. gung ru rgyal mtshan bzang po) (1383–1450) - the third throneholder of Sera Monastery. He was a disciple of Tsongkhapa, Gyaltsab Je, and Khedrup Je. He was a teacher of Ga Rabjampa Kunga Yeshe. His extant writings were recently published in three volumes.Volume 1 ''byams pa'i dgongs rgyan'' - a commentary on Prajnaparamita philosophy.Volume 2 ''dbu ma rtsa ba shes rab kyi don bsdus'' - Short explanation of the meaning of Nagarjuna's ''Mulamadhyamakakarika''. ''dbu ma 'jug pa'i 'grel pa'' - Commentary on the ''Madhyamakavatara'' of Chandrakirti. ''legs bshad bla ma'i man ngag bdud rtsi'i chu rgyun'' - General treatise on Madhyamika philosophy.Volume 3 ''dbu ma bzhi brgya pa'i 'grel pa'' - Commentary on Aryadeva's ''Four Hundred Verses'' ''dbu ma'i stong thun'' - Survey of Madhyamika thought in the context of the various philosophical positions. ''mngon rtogs rgyan gyi de kho na nyid gsal bar byed pa mkhas pa'i yid 'phrog'' - A commentary on the ''Abhisamayalankara''. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Gungru_Gyaltsen_Zangpo Source Accessed Jan 27, 2023]).rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Gungru_Gyaltsen_Zangpo Source Accessed Jan 27, 2023]))
Gu, G. + (Guo Gu (Dr. Jimmy Yu) is the founder of th … Guo Gu (Dr. Jimmy Yu) is the founder of the Tallahassee Chan Center (www.tallahasseechan.com) and is also the guiding teacher for the Western Dharma Teachers Training course at the Chan Meditation Center in New York and the Dharma Drum Lineage. He is one of the late Master Sheng Yen’s (1930–2009) senior and closest disciples, and assisted him in leading intensive retreats throughout the United States, Europe, and Asia. Guo Gu has edited and translated a number of Master Sheng Yen’s books from Chinese to English. He is also a professor of Buddhism and East Asian religions at Florida State University, Tallahassee. (Source: [https://www.shambhala.com/authors/g-n/guo-gu.html Shambhala Publications])s/g-n/guo-gu.html Shambhala Publications]))
Roth, G. + (Gustav Roth (born January 22, 1916 in Bres … Gustav Roth (born January 22, 1916 in Breslau; † June 6, 2008 in Lenglern) was a German Indologist.Roth passed his Abitur in 1935 at the König-Wilhelm-Gymnasium in Breslau. He then studied from 1935 (immediately in 1935 and all year round in 1936 due to work in the labor service, so that he could not begin attending lectures until 1937), first at the University of Breslau and then from 1939 in Leipzig and in 1941 in Halle (Saale). During his time in Breslau he became a member of the Corps Silesia there. During the Second World War he worked as a teacher for Persian at an interpreting school of the Wehrmacht in Meissen and then moved to Bordeaux. From January 1944 until the end of the war he was an interpreter for Hindustani and Punjabi for the Indian Freedom Corps Azad Hind Fauj, which he had already looked after during his time in Königsbrück. In 1949 he enrolled at the University of Munich. He graduated in 1952 with a doctorate of philology. From 1953 to 1960 he stayed for scientific studies in India and Nepal. After his return he was an academic advisor at the Indological seminar at the University of Göttingen where he stayed until his retirement in 1981. From 1982 to 1985 Roth lived as director of the Shri Nava Nalanda Mahavihara Institute in Bihar, India, before finally returning to Germany. Roth's scientific life achievement was recognized by several commemorative publications in his honor. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustav_Roth Adapted from Source July 22, 2021])v_Roth Adapted from Source July 22, 2021]))
Newland, G. + (Guy Newland is Professor of Religion and C … Guy Newland is Professor of Religion and Chair of the Department of Philosophy and Religion at Central Michigan University, where he has taught since 1988. He has authored, edited, and translated several books on Tibetan Buddhism, including the three-volume translation of ''The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment'' and ''Introduction to Emptiness''. Since the loss of his wife Valerie Stephens in 2013, he has expanded his teachings, given to universities and Dharma centers, which include topics on death, dying, and grief. He lives in Mount Pleasant, MI. ([https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/guy-newland/ Source Accessed May 12, 2021])uy-newland/ Source Accessed May 12, 2021]))
Bays, G. + (Gwendolyn McKee Bays was a professor of Fr … Gwendolyn McKee Bays was a professor of French literature as well as a scholar of Buddhism and Eastern mysticism, writing and translating several books on the subject. She was the author of ''The Orphic Vision'' and translator of the book, ''The Voice of the Buddha'' from the original French. ([https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/atlanta/name/gwendolyn-bays-obituary?pid=164933470 Source Accessed Aug 25, 2021])d=164933470 Source Accessed Aug 25, 2021]))
Serrec, G. + (Gwenola Le Serrec is a former expert in th … Gwenola Le Serrec is a former expert in the protection of the environment, writer, and translator. She is now essentially a meditator and lover of nature and music. ([https://www.instagram.com/gwenola_leserrec/?hl=en Adapted from Source Jan 3, 2022]). She has translated the ninth chapter on wisdom of the commentary on the ''Bodhicaryāvatāra''by Khenpo Kunzang Palden with Patrick Carré and Christian Bruyat — ''Perles d'Ambroisie'', ''Byang chub sems dpa'i spyod pa la 'jug pa'i tshig 'grel 'jam dbyangs zhal lung bdud rtsi thig pa'' and other works with the Padmakara Translation Group.orks with the Padmakara Translation Group.)
Yang dgon pa rgyal mtshan dpal + (Gyalwa Yang Gönpa Gyaltsen Pal (Tib. ཡང་དག … Gyalwa Yang Gönpa Gyaltsen Pal (Tib. ཡང་དགོན་པ་རྒྱལ་མཚན་དཔལ་, Wyl. yang dgon pa rgyal mtshan dpal) (1213-1258 or 1287) was a great yogin of the Drukpa Kagyü school and one of the foremost disciples of Gyalwa Götsangpa (1189-1258). He also studied with Godrakpa (1181-1261), who is considered the first great non-sectarian master of Tibet, Drikung Chenga Rinpoche (1175-1255) of the Drikung Kagyü school, Sakya Pandita (1182-1251), and Sangye Repa, and other masters. He is known as one of the 'three victorious ones', the other two being his teacher Gyalwa Götsangpa and Gyalwa Lorepa. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Yang_Gönpa Rigpawiki])org/index.php?title=Yang_Gönpa Rigpawiki]))
Kara, G. + (György Kara earned a Ph.D. from Eötvös Lor … György Kara earned a Ph.D. from Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, Hungary in 1961, and a doctorate of philology degree from Leningrad State University in 1975. His research interests include Mongol and Inner Asian studies; languages and cultures, including Old Turkic, Tibetan, Manchu, Evenki, Khitan and Altaic philology; history of writing systems; Altaic linguistics; Mongol literature and folklore. He regularly teaches classical Mongol, Mongol literature and folklore, and the history of Mongol writing systems.In 2011, Professor Kara was honored at the 54th annual Permanent International Altaistic Conference (PIAC); he received the PIAC gold medal in honor of his lifetime achievements in Altaic Studies. ([https://honorsandawards.iu.edu/awards/honoree/6436.html Source Accessed Mar 16, 2021])e/6436.html Source Accessed Mar 16, 2021]))
Mgon po tshe brtan + (Gönpo Tseten was born in 1906 in Amdo, an … Gönpo Tseten was born in 1906 in Amdo, an eastern province of Tibet, into a family heritage of ngakpas. At the age of seven he was sent to Sangchen Mingye Ling, a Nyingmapa monastery. At the age of 15, having shown great promise as a future teacher, he studied with Kargi Tertön and accomplished the preliminary practices of Tibetan Buddhism.At Sangchen Mingye Ling, Gönpo Tseten continued his Dharma studies and the traditional Tibetan arts and sciences. It was at this time that he began to display great skill in drawing, painting, and sculpture. In 1925, at the age of 18, he completed two images of Thousand-Armed Avalokiteshvara, each standing over six feet high.About the age of twenty he married and had a son, Pema Rigdzin. He then undertook a journey of twenty days in order to study for a year with the Tertön Choling Tuching Dorje, a disciple of Dodrupchen Rinpoche.After this, he studied with the great Dzogchen master Khenchen Thubten Chöpel, who was also a guru of Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, Khenpo Jikmé Phuntsok, and the Sixth Dzogchen Rinpoche. During that time he received the complete transmission of the Rinchen Terdzö—he later received it twice more from Dilgo Khyentse around 1950 and 1978. Later, the ngakpa Gönpo Tsering taught him Tu, the art of overcoming enemies. This was essential since his gompa in Amdo needed protection from surrounding afflictions, including ruthless bandits and wild animals. After this, he studied sutra and tantra, including the Yönten Dzö, at Sukchen Tago Gompa in Golok, which was established by the First Dodrupchen Rinpoche in 1799. (Full bio available at [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=G%C3%B6npo_Tseten_Rinpoche Rigpa Wiki])le=G%C3%B6npo_Tseten_Rinpoche Rigpa Wiki]))
Rgod tshang pa mgon po rdo rje + (Götsangpa Gönpo Dorje (Tib. རྒོད་ཚང་པ་མགོན … Götsangpa Gönpo Dorje (Tib. རྒོད་ཚང་པ་མགོན་པོ་རྡོ་རྗེ་, Wyl. rgod tshang pa mgon po rdo rje) (1189-1258) was a mahasiddha of the Drukpa Kagyü school, well known for his songs of realization and said to have been an emanation of Milarepa. He was born in southern Tibet, but moved to Central Tibet, where he met his main teachers Tsangpa Gyaré Yeshe Dorje and Sangye Ön. Following his studies, he travelled from one isolated hermitage to another, never staying in the same place twice. He founded the branch of the Drukpa Kagyü school known as the Upper Drukpa (སྟོད་འབྲུག་, stod 'brug). His students included Orgyenpa Rinchen Pal. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Götsangpa_Gönpo_Dorje Rigpawiki])hp?title=Götsangpa_Gönpo_Dorje Rigpawiki]))
Haenisch, E. + (Haenisch was the architect German Sinology … Haenisch was the architect German Sinology never had. He was primarily a Mongolist, but impinged on Sinology as well, usually to its benefit.His family background was official and military. He studied Sinology, Mongol, and Manchu under Wilhelm Grube at Berlin. Haenisch was himself a Berliner, and Berlin was to remain the center of his career. From it he made four significant departures. The first was immediate: after his studies with Grube, he went to China to teach at military schools in Wuchang and Changsha from 1904 to 1911. During this time he also traveled in China and in Eastern Tibet. In 1912 he returned to Germany and joined the Berlin Museum für Völkerkunde. In 1913 he completed his Habilitation and became an assistant to F W Müller. Another military interlude followed, as an officer during WW1. In 1920 he made a handsome return to civilian life as Professor of Mongol and Manchu at Berlin.In 1925 he moved to the Chair of Sinology at Leipzig, in succession to Conrady, and his publications take for a while a Sinological turn, starting with an article on Some Sinological Desiderata (1926): taking stock of the field and setting priorities. Due to Haenisch's protracted absence from Leipzig while traveling in China and Mongolia, the Conrady student Eduard Erkes was appointed in 1928 to fill in for him as an Ausserordentlicher Professor. The three volumes of Haenisch's Lehrgang der Chinesischen Schriftsprache appeared over the years 1929-1933. It must be said that this is not the wonderful thing it is sometimes said to be. Presumably it was an improvement over whatever people had been doing previously. All the more credit, then, (let it be said in a parenthesis) to those of the pioneering generation who achieved a sometimes staggering competence in the language.Haenisch returned to Berlin in 1932, with a renewed emphasis on things Inner Asian. A first instalment of his translation of the Secret History of the Mongols had been published in 1931, and further instalments appeared in 1937 and 1939. It has been judged by those who know that it is superior to the never-published version - the Secret Translation of the Secret History - by the indomitable but procrastinating Pelliot. Haenish picked up the retired Franke's student George Kennedy, and supervised Kennedy's thesis, which was on a legal topic, and based on the Tang Code. He also put in a word at Berlin for a Sinological resource which had been formally banned by Pelliot in 1929: the fractious von Zach. Looking back on that interlude, Haenisch put it this way: "Of course one could not mention his name in De Groot's presence. When I once dared to break a lance for him, he came straight back at me, "Do you want Sinology in Berlin to be built, or demolished?" Well, naturally, built, but Zach ought to help with the building. This positive contribution he himself unfortunately denied us, by the often intemperate tone of his criticisms."Haenisch, a decent man as well as a careful scholar, had protested German treatment of Duyvendak in the occupied Netherlands, and distinguished himself in 1944 as the only German Sinologist to sign a petition for the release of Henri Maspero, then a prisoner at Buchenwald. There had been more international spirit, and it had had better success, in the case of Henri Pirenne in WW1, who as a result of international and German scholarly pressure was released from a prison camp in Belgium and transferred to the house arrest situation in rural Germany, where, partly out of his head, he was able to put down what became his masterpiece: the Histoire de l'Europe. Had the world received a similar final synthesis from Maspero, Haenisch would have deserved mention on the dedication page. It was not to be.Germany had been hard on Sinology before and during WW2, driving many of the most promising people out of the country. And WW2 had been hard on Germany. Haenisch was one of those left to become the statesmen of the Sinological building effort after 1945. Of the prewar centers that still existed (among them Heidelberg, Göttingen, Hamburg), Berlin was a divided city, and Leipzig had come under Soviet domination. Haenisch, making his fourth and final excursus from Berlin, founded in 1946 the Sinological Section of the Institute of East Asian Studies at Munich, the first such center to be created in postwar Germany. Conditions were not ideal: "In summer, we sometimes held classes in corridors and sometimes in wooden shacks; in winter, we held them in the department's only undamaged building. Eventually we got a building of our own which served as library, classroom and office." ([https://web.archive.org/web/20170209043749/http://www.umass.edu/wsp/resources/profiles/haenisch.html Source Accessed Jan 25, 2022])enisch.html Source Accessed Jan 25, 2022]))
Eifring, H. + (Halvor Eifring, PhD (born 1960 in Norway) … Halvor Eifring, PhD (born 1960 in Norway) is the general secretary of Acem International and the head of Acem Norway. He learned Acem Meditation in 1976, became an instructor in 1979 and an initiator in 2001. He started Acem in Taiwan and has taught and lectured on Acem Meditation in 11 countries in Europe, Asia and America.He has co-authored the book ''Acem Meditation: An Introductory Companion'' (with Dr. Are Holen) and written several articles on Acem Meditation and related topics. He is one of the editors of Acem's quarterly journal ''Dyade''.Dr. Eifring is Professor of Chinese at the University of Oslo, Norway. He has published books and articles on Chinese language and literature and is currently leading a research project on the cultural history of meditation. He is married and lives in Oslo, Norway. ([https://acem.com/allobjects/acemperson/halvor_eifring Source Accessed May 19, 2021])vor_eifring Source Accessed May 19, 2021]))
Sagolla, H. + (Hartmut Sagolla is Program Co-Director at … Hartmut Sagolla is Program Co-Director at Jewel Heart in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He organizes courses, classes, and study curriculum, creates study materials, transcribes and edits teachings from Tibetan master Gelek Rimpoche, andhelps organize Jewel Heart events around the US. In addition, he leads and guides meditation retreats, give talks, and leads classes. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/hartmut-sagolla-5949101b/?locale=de_DE Adapted from Source May 5, 2021])le=de_DE Adapted from Source May 5, 2021]))
Smin gling gcung ngag dbang chos grags + (He was born in Mindroling Monastery in the … He was born in Mindroling Monastery in the Earth Monkey year. His father was Pema Wangchen or Gyurme Kunga Tendzin, and his mother was Chimé Deden Drolma, the daughter of the eighth throneholder, Gyurme Yishyin Wangyal. He therefore shared the same father as the tenth throneholder, Gyurme Döndrup Wangyal, Penam Rinpoche, and Khenchen Ngawang Khyentse Norbu. He had the same mother as Penam Rinpoche, Jetsün Tsewang Lhamo (d. 1995) and Mayum Dechen Wangmo.He studied from a young age with many different teachers from Kham and Central Tibet. At the age of 21, he received full ordination from Khenchen Ngawang Norbu. He became the regent during the minority of Minling Trichen Rinpoche. After the tragedies of the cultural revolution he worked hard to revive the Mindroling tradition and to repair the monastery and give teachings and transmissions.He passed away in Lhasa in 1980 (or 1979 according to some sources). (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Minling_Chung_Rinpoche Rigpa Wiki])?title=Minling_Chung_Rinpoche Rigpa Wiki]))
Tenzin, Sakya Khenpo Sangyay + (He was born in Tibet in the year 1904, in … He was born in Tibet in the year 1904, in the area of Sakya... At the age of ten he became a novice monk, receiving his novice vows from Khenpo Rinzin Gyaltsen. He studied Buddhism with many distinguished masters, such as Drayab Thupten Zangpo...At the age of 37, he took full ordination in the presence of Zimhog Rinpoche in the lineage of the great Monastery of Sakya. Following the advice of his guru, he then became the abbot of Ngor Ewam Choden Monastery for three years, and then proceeded on to Tanak Thupten Namgyal Ling Monastery, founded by Gho Ramjampa. In this monastery he served 15 years as an abbot. The most remarkable events of his scholarly career include his teaching of the “Clear Differentiation of the Three Vows,” with his own commentary, to His Eminence Chobgye Trichen Rinpoche, and the oral transmission of the “Uncommon Stages of Meditation” by Kamalashila to His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama. To this day, His Holiness mentions his gratitude towards Khenchen Sangye Tenzin for having conferred this rare transmission.([https://sakyagurudarjeeling.wordpress.com/rinpoches/people/ Source Accessed May 20, 2020])hes/people/ Source Accessed May 20, 2020]))
Sangye Nyenpa, 9th + (He was the older brother of H.H. Dilgo Khy … He was the older brother of H.H. Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche (1910-1991) and the root teacher of Ven. Kyabje Tenga Rinpoche (1932-2012) of Benchen monastery. Sangye Nyenpa was recognized and confirmed as the authentic incarnation of the previous 8th Sangye Nyenpa Tendzin Drubchog, by the 15th Karmapa Kakhyab Dorje (1871-1922). The Karmapa had had a vision of the protective deity Palden Lhamo, in which he saw a vajra appearing in her mirror and heard the name Sangye Nyenpa and his family's name "Dilgo" spoken. Also, before his birth a resident lama on the Dilgo estate dreamed repeatedly of a famous pair of cymbals kept in Benchen monastery being played in the house. This was felt to mean that the incarnation of Sangye Nyenpa would be born there. The Karmapa gave him the name Karma Geleg Drubpe Nyima Thrinle Ozer Kunkhyab Palzangpo (karma dge legs sgrub pa'i nyi ma phrin las 'od zer kun khyab dpal bzang po). From Drongpa Lama Tendzin Chögyal, Tenga Rinpoche's previous incarnation, he received many empowerments and oral transmissions, among them the Kagyu Ngagdzo and the 9th Karmapa Wangchug Dorje's (1556-1603) Chikshe Kundröl collection. In about 1904, aged eight, Sangye Nyenpa met with the omniscient Mipham Rinpoche Namgyal Gyatso (1846-1912) and received the oral transmissions of the Manjushrinamasamgiti from him. From Mipham Rinpoche's disciple Lama Ösal, he later received the transmission of all his works. Around that time he also received novice ordination from Palpung monastery's famous Khenchen Tashi Öser. Until age 20, Sangye Nyenpa attended upon many great masters of his time and received all the Kagyu and Nyingma transmissions, as well as the Jonang and Zhalu tradition's Kalacakra and much more. From the 2nd Tsike Chokling Könchok Gyurme Tenpei Gyaltsen () he received important transmissions from the Chokling Tersar and from Lama Karma Tashi Chöphel, a close disciple of Jamgon Kongtrul, the transmission of Kongtrul's works. Later, when in Tsurphu monastery in Central Tibet for six months, he received transmissions and instruction on all the major Mahamudra works of the Kagyu traditions from the 15th Karmapa, as well as the Six Doctrines of Naropa, many protector empowerments, and other teachings. In particular, he was fortunate to receive the special longevity transmission of the revelations of Surmang Tertön Zilnön Namkhai Dorje (zur mang gter ston zil gnon nam mkha'i rdo rje), when the same came to Tsurphu as well, to offer it to the Karmapa. Two other great Karma Kagyu masters who were to become two of Sangye Nyenpa's most important root teachers, were the 11th Tai Situpa Pema Wangchog Gyalpo (pad ma dbang mchog rgyal po, 1886-1952), from whom he received full monastic ordination in his twenties, and the 2nd Kongtrul, Jamgon Choktrul Palden Khyentse Özer ('jam mgon mchog sprul dpal ldan mkhyen brtse'i 'od zer, 1904-1953), commonly known as Karsey Kongtrul. From the masters of the major Nyingma monasteries in eastern Tibet, such as Khatog, Shechen and Dzogchen, Sangye Nyenpa received many Terma transmissions, such as the revelations of Ratna Lingpa, Dorje Linga and Sangye Lingpa, and much more. His outlook and practice having been completely non-sectarian, he also received and transmitted teachings from the Sakyapa and Gelugpa schools. Practicing many solitary retreats in which he trained in all the major transmissions he had received, he experienced many visionary encounters with masters of the past and received instructions and prophecies from them, as well as from yidam deities and dakinis. In 1959 he fled Eastern Tibet, first to Central Tibet, where he spent time at Tsurphu monastery with the 16th Karmapa Rangjung Rigpe Dorje (rang byung rig pa'i rdo rje, 1924-1981), and then on to Sikkim, where he spent his remaining years in the Karmapa's Rumtek monastery. He passed away on "Lhabab Düchen", the 22nd day of the 9th month of the Tibetan Water-Tiger year, 1962. In November 1964 the 10th Sangye Nyenpa Rinpoche was born near the sacred site of Paro Taktsang in Bhutan.H.H. Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche has composed a short biography of his older brother. It is entitled "sangs rgyas mnyan sprul dgu pa'i rnam thar mdor bsdus pa'i sa bon" and is included in Vol. 1, pp. 275-306 of his collected works. (Source: [https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/9th_Sangye_Nyenpa_Rinpoche RYWiki])ex.php/9th_Sangye_Nyenpa_Rinpoche RYWiki]))
Blankleder, H. + (Helena Blankleder holds a degree in Modern … Helena Blankleder holds a degree in Modern Languages. She completed two three-year retreats at Chanteloube, France (1980-1985 and 1986-1989). She is a professional translator and a member of the Padmakara Translation Group, Dordogne, France. Helena has been a Tsadra Foundation Fellow since 2001.een a Tsadra Foundation Fellow since 2001.)
Eimer, H. + (Helmut Eimer, Ph.D. (1974) in Indology, Ti … Helmut Eimer, Ph.D. (1974) in Indology, Tibetan and Oriental Art History, University of Bonn, is a senior researcher (emeritus) at that same university. He has published extensively on, e.g. the life of Atisha (Dipankarashrijnana), Kanjur transmission, collections of Tibetan manuscripts and blockprints. His most recent work is ''The Early Mustang Kanjur Catalogue'' (dkar chag) (Vienna, 1999). ([https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Many_Canons_of_Tibetan_Buddhism.html?id=jubNIsX6P50C Source Accessed Feb 22, 2021])ubNIsX6P50C Source Accessed Feb 22, 2021]))
Hoffmann, H. + (Helmut Hoffmann (August 24, 1912 – October … Helmut Hoffmann (August 24, 1912 – October 8, 1992) was a German Tibetologist. From 1931 he studied ancient languages and Sanskrit in Freiburg im Breisgau and from 1932 in Berlin. After graduating as PhD in Berlin in 1939 he became a professor in Munich (1948–1968) and in Bloomington (Indiana) (1969–1980). [https://badw.de/fileadmin/nachrufe/Hoffmann%20Helmut.pdf See Obituary]chrufe/Hoffmann%20Helmut.pdf See Obituary])
Chatterjee, H. + (Heramba Chatterjee Śāstri is Professor and Head of the Department of Pāli, Sanskrit College, Calcutta.)
Heshang Moheyan + (Heshang Moheyan [or Hashang Mahāyāna] was … Heshang Moheyan [or Hashang Mahāyāna] was the Chinese abbot whom Kamalashila defeated in a famous debate at Samyé. He is said to have been a representative of a form of Ch’an meditation, but in a rather nihilistic form. He taught that meditation consists of not doing anything at all in the mind, and that this can bring about sudden enlightenment, without the need even to practice the six paramitas. Tibetan scholars throughout the centuries have often accused one another of adhering to Hashang’s system, and often put this down to the particular tendrel created when he “left his shoes behind” in Tibet following his defeat. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Hashang Source Accessed Oct 22, 2019])tle=Hashang Source Accessed Oct 22, 2019]))
Sakya Trizin, 41st + (His Holiness Kyabgon Gongma Trichen Rinpoc … His Holiness Kyabgon Gongma Trichen Rinpoche (The Sakya Trichen) served as the 41st head of the Sakya Order of Tibetan Buddhism until March 2017, when the throneholder duties were handed over to His Holiness Ratna Vajra Rinpoche, the 42nd Sakya Trizin, formally addressed as His Holiness Kyabgon Gongma Trizin Rinpoche.His Holiness the Sakya Trichen is a member of Tibet‘s noble Khon family, which founded the Sakya Order in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Just as His Holiness the Dalai Lama is an emanation of Avalokiteshvara, the manifestation of all the Buddha’s great compassion, His Holiness the Sakya Trichen is the manifestation of all the Buddha’s transcendent wisdom.In addition to his leadership of the Sakya Order for over fifty years, His Holiness Sakya Trichen is renowned throughout the world for the brilliance and clarity of his teachings and his fluency and precise command of English. Receiving teachings directly from His Holiness carries a special lineage of blessings from the founders of the Sakya Order, as well as from Manjushri himself. ([http://hhsakyatrizin.net/sakya-trichen/ Source Accessed June 26, 2020])His Holiness was born on the 7th of September 1945, the 1st day of the 8th Lunar month in the year of the Wood Bird at the Sakya palace in Tsedong.A complete bio and family history is available here on [http://hhsakyatrizin.net/sakya-trichen/ H.H. the Sakya Trizin's personal website].H.H. the Sakya Trizin's personal website].)
Penor Rinpoche + (His Holiness Penor Rinpoche (Wyl. pad nor … His Holiness Penor Rinpoche (Wyl. pad nor rin po che) or Kyabjé Drubwang Pema Norbu Rinpoche (1932-2009) was the 11th throne holder of the Palyul Lineage of the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism. He was the supreme head of the Nyingmapa lineage from 1993 to 2001.H.H. Penor Rinpoche was born in 1932, in the Powo region of Kham, East Tibet. Choktrul Rinpoche was his main master, although he received teachings from many lamas. Beside becoming learned in several subjects including writing, poetry, astrology and medicine, he studied the sutras with different khenpos.Aged twelve, he received from Choktrul Rinpoche the most important transmissions and empowerments of the Nyingma School, including the great empowerment of the Kagyé and the Rinchen Terdzö empowerments. From Karma Kuchen Rinpoche he received the terma revelations of Ratna Lingpa.At twenty one he was fully ordained by his master at Tarthang Monastery following the vinaya lineage transmitted to Tibet by Shantarakshita, receiving all the essential instructions and empowerments of the Nyingma tradition.He also received at that time the cycle of Tendrel Nyesel, Lerab Lingpa’s great terma revelation. He then completed a Vajrakilaya retreat and, having received all the transmissions of the Kangyur and Tengyur, he entered into retreat for four years during which his master gave him all the transmissions of the Palyul tradition, following the secret oral instructions of Tertön Mingyur Dorjé’s Namchö.Penor Rinpoche successfully completed all the stages of the practice, accomplishing the root recitations of the Three Roots (lama, yidam, and khandro), the Namchö preliminary practices, tummo and tsa-lung, and Dzogchen practices.He fled Tibet in 1959 and subsequently established Namdroling Monastery which is located in Karnataka State, in Southern India. Namdroling has become the largest Nyingma monastery in the world, where many khenpos, monks and nuns are receiving an education. Khenpo Namdrol, among others, is one of the main senior khenpos teaching at the shedra of Namdroling.Penor Rinpoche made his first visit to the United States in 1985.In 1993, he was elected the Supreme Head of the Nyingmapa, succeeding Kyabjé Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. In 2001 the title passed to Kyabjé Minling Trichen Rinpoche. ([https://shakyamuni.net/lineage/his-holiness-penor-rinpoche/ Source])eage/his-holiness-penor-rinpoche/ Source]))
Raja, K.K. + (Hon. Director, Adyar Library and Research … Hon. Director, Adyar Library and Research centre, Chennai and formerly Professor and Head of Sanskrit Department, Madras University. Born in an aristocratic family in Central Kerala famous for scholarship and patronage, he had his education in B.A. Maths (Trichur), M.A. (Sanskrit) and Ph.D. at Madras University. On a British council scholarship in London (1952-1954) took Ph.D in Sanskrit. President’s awards for scholarship in Sanskrit in 1991. Publications includes Indian Theories of Meaning (Adyar), Contribution of Kerala to Sanskrit Literature, New Catalogues Catalogorum, Vol III-V (Associate Editor) volumes VI-XII (chief Editor), Madras. Encyclopaedia of Indian Philosophies (gen. Ed. Potter) volume V. Philosophy of the grammarians (with Coward) member of Editorial Board Foundation of Language) (volumes I-XII), Adyar Library Bulletin from 1954, chief Editor, Annuals of Oriental Research, University of Madras (1970-80). Participated in International Congress of Orientalists in 1961, Member of Government delegation to Mexico conference, closely associated with IGNCA., ICPR, Rastirya Sanskrit Samstham Sahitya Academi. Visited Scandinavian Countries at the invitation of Scandinavian Institute of Oriential Research. Visiting Professor at Lund University participated in many world Sanskrit conferences, Oriental Conferences, Produced more than 25 Phd.s wrote more than 300 research papers and about 100 books in Sanskrit, English and Malayalam. Source: ([https://kkraja.wordpress.com/ Biography of Dr. K Kunjunni Raja]) and Malayalam. Source: ([https://kkraja.wordpress.com/ Biography of Dr. K Kunjunni Raja]))
Chen, H. + (Huaiyu Chen is an associate professor of r … Huaiyu Chen is an associate professor of religious studies at the School of Historical, Philosophical, and Religious Studies, with a joint appointment at the School of International Letters and Cultures. He has also held several visiting positions in North America, Europe, and Asia, such as a membership of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton in 2011-2012, a Spalding Visiting Fellowship at Clare Hall of Cambridge University in 2014-2015, a visiting professorship at Beijing Normal University in June-July 2015, a visiting scholarship at Max Planck Institute for the History of Science (MPIWG) in Berlin in June-July, 2018, and a visiting scholarship at Institute for Religions and Ethics of Tsinghua University in August, 2018. ([https://isearch.asu.edu/profile/1268668 Source Accessed Mar 21, 2022])ile/1268668 Source Accessed Mar 21, 2022]))
Smith, Huston + (Huston Cummings Smith (May 31, 1919 – Dece … Huston Cummings Smith (May 31, 1919 – December 30, 2016) was a leading scholar of religious studies in the United States. He was widely regarded as one of the world's most influential figures in religious studies. He authored at least thirteen books on world's religions and philosophy, and his book ''The World's Religions'' (originally titled ''The Religions of Man'') sold over three million copies as of 2017 and remains a popular introduction to comparative religion.Born and raised in Suzhou, China in a Methodist missionary family, Huston Smith moved back to the United States at the age of 17 and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1945 with a PhD in philosophy. He spent the majority of his academic career as a professor at Washington University in St. Louis (1947-1958), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1958-1973) and Syracuse University (1973-1983). In 1983, he retired from Syracuse and moved to Berkeley, California, where he was a visiting professor of Religious Studies at the University of California, Berkeley until his death. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huston_Smith Source Accessed Nov 23, 2020])uston_Smith Source Accessed Nov 23, 2020]))
Achard, J-L. + (I have followed a training in Tibetan Stud … I have followed a training in Tibetan Studies first at the INALCO and then at the EPHE (Sorbonne) where I attended the seminaries by Anne-Marie Blondeau, a specialist in Bon and rNying ma gter ma literature. Since 1999 I have become a researcher at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) in Paris and am a member of Centre de Recherches sur les Civilisations de l'Asie Orientale (CRCAO). Among other academic duties, I am a member of the scientific committee of the Institut d'Etudes Tibétaines (IET) of the Collège de France (Paris), as well as the founder and director of the Revue d'Etudes Tibétaines (RET) which is available for free on the Digital Himalaya website from the Cambridge University: http://www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/journals/ret/See also: https://khyungmkhar.blogspot.com/2018/02/choying-no-20.html([https://www.amazon.com/Jean-Luc-Achard/e/B0034Q97FG Source] Accessed Feb 26, 2018)/B0034Q97FG Source] Accessed Feb 26, 2018))
De Rachewiltz, I. + (Igor de Rachewiltz was an Italian historia … Igor de Rachewiltz was an Italian historian and philologist specializing in Mongol studies. [He] was born in Rome, the son of Bruno Guido and Antonina Perosio. The de Rachewiltz family was of noble roots. His grandmother was a Tatar from Kazan in central Russia who claimed lineage from the Golden Horde. In 1947, he read Michael Prawdin's book ''Tschingis-Chan und seine Erben'' (Genghis Khan and his Heritage) and became interested in learning the Mongolian language. He graduated with a law degree from a university in Rome and pursued Oriental studies in Naples. In the early 1950s, de Rachewiltz went to Australia on scholarship. He earned his PhD in Chinese history from Australian National University, Canberra in 1961. His dissertation was on Genghis Khan's secretary, 13th-century Chinese scholar Yelü Chucai.Starting in 1965 he became a fellow at the Department of Far Eastern History, Australian National University (1965–67). He made a research trip to Europe (1966–67). He published a translation of ''The Secret History of the Mongols'' in eleven volumes of ''Papers on Far Eastern History'' (1971–1985). He became a senior Fellow of the Division of Pacific and Asian History at the Australian National University (1967–94), a research-only fellowship. He completed projects by prominent Mongolists Antoine Mostaert and Henri Serruys after their deaths. He was a visiting professor at the University of Rome three times (1996, 1999, 2001). In 2004 he published his translation of the ''Secret History'' with Brill; it was selected by Choice as Outstanding Academic Title (2005) and is now in its second edition. In 2007 he donated his personal library of around 6000 volumes to the Scheut Memorial Library at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. Late in his life de Rachewiltz was an emeritus Fellow in the Pacific and Asian History Division of the Australian National University. His research interests included the political and cultural history of China and Mongolia in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, East-West political and cultural contacts, and Sino-Mongolian philology generally. In 2015, de Rachewiltz published an open access version of his previous translation, ''The Secret History of the Mongols: A Mongolian Epic Chronicle of the Thirteenth Century'', that is a full translation but omits the extensive footnotes of his previous translations. Igor de Rachewiltz died on July 30, 2016. He was 87. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igor_de_Rachewiltz Source Accessed Feb 22, 2021])_Rachewiltz Source Accessed Feb 22, 2021]))
Aḍitacandra + (Indian paṇḍita known to have been an expert in Abhidharma and to have assisted in the Tibetan translation of the ''Saddharmasmṛtyupasthānasūtra''. ([https://read.84000.co/translation/toh287.html Source Accessed Aug 31, 2021]))
Popova, I. + (Irina Fyodorovna Popova is Head of the Dep … Irina Fyodorovna Popova is Head of the Department of Manuscripts and Documents at the IOM RAS, Professor, Doctor of Sciences (equiv. Habilitation) - History, and corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.In 1983, graduated from the Oriental Faculty of the Leningrad (St. Petersburg) State University with a degree in History of China. In 1986, completed postgraduate studies at the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (now the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences) under the guidance of Professor A.S. Martynov.In 1986, joined the staff of the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences as a Junior Researcher; in 1997–2003, worked as a Researcher and Academic Secretary of the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies, RAS.Since April 10, 2003 – Director of the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences / Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, RAS (in 2007–2009 – Director-Organizer of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences).1988 – Ph.D. Thesis subject: “Rules for Emperors" (Di fan) by Tang Taizong as a Source on the Chinese Political Thought of the Early 7th Century”.2000 – Dr. of Hist. Thesis subject: “The Theory of the State Rulership in the Early Tang China”.Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2019).Member of the Council for Science and Education under the President of the Russian Federation (2020).Professor at St. Petersburg State University, Honorary Professor of Lanzhou University, Ningxia University, Shandong University, Peoples’ University of China (Beijing), Shaanxi Normal University (Xi’an), Honorary Doctor of the Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of China.The main fields of research: history and historiography of China; political ideology, governance, administrative system and military policy of Medieval China; Dunhuang Studies; textual criticism; history of Oriental Studies; bibliography.Author of more than 200 academic works, including 9 monographs (5 of them are collective); editor of 19 collected works; Editor-in-Chief of academic periodicals: “Pis'mennye pamiatniki Vostoka” (in Russian), “Strany i narody Vostoka” (“Countries and Peoples of the Orient”), “Written Monuments of the Orient” (English version); Deputy Chair of the Editorial Board of the academic series “Pamiatniki pismennosti Vostoka” (“Written Monuments in the Oriental Scripts”). Member of the editorial boards of Russian and foreign academic periodicals, including “Turfan Studies” (“Tulufan yanju”, China), “Study of the Documents in the Chinese Minorities Scripts” (“Minzu guji yanju”, China), “Studia Orientalia Slovaca” (Comenius University, Bratislava), etc. ([http://www.orientalstudies.ru/eng/index.php?option=com_personalities&Itemid=74&person=41 Source Accessed Apr 12, 2022])id=74&person=41 Source Accessed Apr 12, 2022]))
Horner, I. + (Isaline Blew Horner (30 March 1896 – 25 Ap … Isaline Blew Horner (30 March 1896 – 25 April 1981), usually cited as I. B. Horner, was an English Indologist, a leading scholar of Pali literature and late president of the Pali Text Society (1959–1981). On 30 March 1896 Horner was born in Walthamstow in Essex, England. Horner was a first cousin once removed of the British Theravada monk Ajahn Amaro. In 1917, at the University of Cambridge's women's college Newnham College, Horner was awarded the title of a B.A. in moral sciences. After her undergraduate studies, Horner remained at Newnham College, becoming in 1918 an assistant librarian and then, in 1920, acting librarian. In 1921, Horner traveled to Ceylon (Sri Lanka), India and Burma where she was first introduced to Buddhism, its literature and related languages. In 1923, Horner returned to England where she accepted a Fellowship at Newnham College and became its librarian. In 1928, she became the first Sarah Smithson Research Fellow in Pali Studies. In 1930, she published her first book, ''Women Under Primitive Buddhism''. In 1933, she edited her first volume of Pali text, the third volume of the ''Papancasudani'' (Majjhima Nikaya commentary). In 1934, Horner was awarded the title of an M.A. from Cambridge. From 1939 to 1949, she served on Cambridge's Governing Body. From 1926 to 1959, Horner lived and traveled with her companion "Elsie," Dr. Eliza Marian Butler (1885–1959). ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaline_Blew_Horner Source Accessed Apr 22, 2020])Blew_Horner Source Accessed Apr 22, 2020]))
Waldo, I. + (Ives Waldo (Rime Lodro Waldo) studied with … Ives Waldo (Rime Lodro Waldo) studied with Trungpa Rinpoche from 1970 to 1988, and was trained in Tibetan translation as a member of the Nalanda Translation Committee, of which he is still a member. He participated in the translations of ''The Rain of Wisdom, The Life of Marpa'', and many liturgical texts. He has also recently worked on ''The Life of Tilopa''. ([http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Ives_Waldo Source Accessed Sept 18, 2020])Ives_Waldo Source Accessed Sept 18, 2020]))
Ensink, J. + (Jacob Ensink was born in Hilversum on June … Jacob Ensink was born in Hilversum on June 5, 1921. He earned his PhD from Utrecht University under the supervision of Jan Gonda in 1952. From 1954-1961 he was lecturer in Sanskrit at Groningen University. And from 1962-1984 he was professor of Sanskrit at the same institution. He became emeritus professor in 1984. ([https://www.dutchstudies-satsea.nl/deelnemers/ensink-jacob-jaap/ Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2021])b-jaap/ Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2021]))
Speyer, J. + (Jacob Samuel Speyer (b. Amsterdam, Decembe … Jacob Samuel Speyer (b. Amsterdam, December 20, 1849 - d. Leiden, November 2, 1913) was a Dutch linguist and philologist.Speyer was best known as a researcher, text editor, and translator of Sanskrit. He achieved international fame with his main work ''Sanskrit Syntax'' (1886).Speyer was born in Amsterdam and studied in Amsterdam and Leiden, where he graduated in December 1872 on a thesis about Hindu birth rituals. In 1877 he was appointed professor of Sanskrit at the Municipality of Amsterdam and in 1889 professor of Latin at the University of Groningen. In the same year he became a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. From 1902 to 1903 he was the ''rector magnificus'' of the University of Groningen. After the end of his rectorship in 1903, he switched to the University of Leiden, where he succeeded Hendrik Kern as professor of Sanskrit.Speyer wrote and lectured not only on Latin and Sanskrit, but on a multitude of subjects in the fields of linguistics, literature, anthropology, philosophy, and religion of Classical Antiquity and the Orient. He died in Leiden. ([https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Speyer Source Accessed Apr 23, 2021]Jacob_Speyer Source Accessed Apr 23, 2021])
Han, J. + (Jaehee Han completed a translation of the ''Gaganagañjaparipṛcchāsūtra'' for his doctorate at the University of Oslo, under the supervision of Jens Braarvig,)
Leschly, J. + (Jakob became a student of Buddhism in 1974 … Jakob became a student of Buddhism in 1974. He traveled to India in 1975, where he became a student of Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, as well as Tulku Pema Wangyal. He met Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse in 1977 and became his student as well.In the early 1980s Jakob did a three-year retreat in France, after which he worked for Association de Centre d’Etudes de Chanteloube. He has worked on translations from Tibetan, including Shabkar and Wondrous Dance of Illusion (supported by Tsadra Foundation), and has also served as oral interpreter for several lamas. In the 1990s he lived in Bir, translating both Madhyamaka and sadhana material for Siddhartha’s Intent. In the late 1990s he began leading study and practice programs for SI Western Door.Working toward clear and inclusive presentations of Buddhism for modern lay people and non-Buddhists, Jakob wrote and edited many of the early summaries and blurbs presenting Rinpoche’s teachings and programs. In the 2000s he earned a BA in Tibetology at the University of Copenhagen, exploring the commonalities and differences between Buddhism and western humanities and sciences. Since 2008 he has lived in Australia, where he presently directs study and practice programs for SI Australia. He is also a member of the KF Ashoka Translation Grants Subcommittee. ([https://khyentsefoundation.org/project/jakob-leschly/ Source: Khyentse Foundation])kob-leschly/ Source: Khyentse Foundation]))
Rodriguez, J. + (Javier Tinajero Rodríguez was born in Mexi … Javier Tinajero Rodríguez was born in Mexico City. He started writing when he was 17 years old when a friend gave him ''Altazor'', a little book of poetry by the Chilean writer Vicente Huidobro.He published his first collection of poems in 2014 titled ''Párpados y pájaros'' and presented it at La casa del Poeta "Ramón López Velarde" and at UNAM in San Antonio, Texas. At the beginning of 2015, he wrote some poems with Julio Medellín and Eduardo Medina to be read aloud. The result is in a small book entitled: ''Poemas para encontrar el tiempo en una tarde de viernes''. This work triggered a change in his writing and a year later led to the publication of a collection of poems on transience: ''El tiempo rueda''. Now he is writing an essay on the correlation between identity and poetic work, in addition to other experimental projects such as the intervention of books (''Blackout poetry'') and a journal of ''haikús'' (''Haikusimios''). ([https://nuberrante.com.mx/biografia/ Adapted from Source Apr 6, 2021])ografia/ Adapted from Source Apr 6, 2021]))
Jean Baker Miller + (Jean Baker was born to a poor family in th … Jean Baker was born to a poor family in the Bronx (Backman, 1998). She suffered from polio from the age of eleven months (Backman, 1988). She had to wear braces until the age of seven and had two operations before twelve years old (Backman, 1988).Growing up during the Great Depression had a great impact on her view of women (Backman, 1988). Most of the families in the neighborhood had working women in them; these families were looked down upon (Backman, 1988). It was during her twice weekly visits to the area hospital brought her in contact with two working women who gave her a positive view of women, a view that would stay with her for the rest of her life. The women were two twin sisters who worked as nurses (Backman, 1988). They were able to convince Miller's mother to allow her to attend a special women's school, the Hunter College High School (Backman, 1988). The school was an hour away by subway, but because of the two nurses' insisting, she was allowed to attend the school , thus starting her on her career (Backman, 1988). Were it not for these two women, women's psychology may be quite different today. [http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/jbmiller.html Source]webster.edu/~woolflm/jbmiller.html Source])
Filliozat, J. + (Jean Filliozat became a medical doctor in … Jean Filliozat became a medical doctor in 1930, and was awarded a diploma from the École pratique des hautes études in 1934. In 1935 he was awarded a diploma by the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales. He was director of studies at the École pratique des hautes études from 1941 to 1978. He established the Institut Français d'Indologie at Pondicherry in 1955 and was at the same time director of the École Française d'Extrême Orient from 1956 until 1977. He became a member of the Academie in 1966 and vice president of the Societe Asiatique in 1974. He was a member of the Legion d'honneur. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Filliozat Source Accesed Feb 22, 2021])an_Filliozat Source Accesed Feb 22, 2021]))
Pauthier, J. + (Jean-Pierre Guillaume Pauthier (born in Ma … Jean-Pierre Guillaume Pauthier (born in Mamirolle on October 4, 1801 and died in Paris on March 11, 1873) was an orientalist and French poet.[A] renowned scholar, he published numerous studies and writings on the East (China, India), on the Ionian Islands, and carried out numerous translations, including [works written by] Marco Polo and Confucius. He also translated the ''Essay on the Philosophy of the Hindus'' by Henry Thomas Colebrooke. ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_Pauthier Adapted from Source Aug 25, 2021])authier Adapted from Source Aug 25, 2021]))
Wilson, Jeff + (Jeff Wilson is an ordained minister in the … Jeff Wilson is an ordained minister in the Hongwanji-ha tradition of Shin Buddhism and a professor of religious studies and East Asian studies at Renison University College, University of Waterloo, Ontario. He has published pioneering research on the history of same-sex wedding ceremonies in North America and is the author of ''Buddhism of the Heart'' and ''Mindful America''. ([https://www.lionsroar.com/the-path-of-gratitude/ Source Accessed Nov 12, 2019])-gratitude/ Source Accessed Nov 12, 2019]))
Asmussen, J. + (Jes Peter Asmussen (2 November 1928 – 5 Au … Jes Peter Asmussen (2 November 1928 – 5 August 2002), was a Danish Iranologist.Asmussen was born and raised in Aabenraa. He studied theology and the Greenlandic language at the University of Copenhagen and earned his candidatus theologiæ degree in 1954. He then studied Iranistics in Cambridge, London, Hamburg, and Tehran, and earned his doctorate in 1965 at the University of Copenhagen. He was associated with the university throughout his academic career, becoming associate professor in 1966 and full professor in 1967, succeeding professor Kaj Barr. He retired in 1998.Asmussen's research focused on the religions of Iran. He was mostly interested in Manicheism, but also wrote about Zoroastrianism, Islam and Christianity in ancient Iran, as well as the Judeo-Persian language and literature. He is counted among the central figures of the Danish Orientalist scholarship.He was elected member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters in 1973 and corresponding member of Saxon Academy of Sciences in 1982. He was appointed a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog in 1976 and received an honorary doctorate from Lund University in 1986.Asmussen died in 2002 and is interred at the Cemetery of Holmen in Copenhagen. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jes_Peter_Asmussen Source Accessed Sep 14, 2021])er_Asmussen Source Accessed Sep 14, 2021]))
Tseten Zhabdrung, 6th + (Jigme Rigpai Lodro was one of the great Ti … Jigme Rigpai Lodro was one of the great Tibetan polymaths of the twentieth century, writing extensively on Tibetan history, language, astronomy and Buddhism. By dint of his historical life and dedication to Tibetan scholarship, he acted as a conduit between “traditional” and “modern” Tibet. He is most famous for his role as one of the so-called Three Great Scholars after the Cultural Revolution. This epithet is drawn from tenth century Tibetan history when the first Three Great Scholars brought the Dharma to Eastern Tibet due to Langdarma’s persecution of Buddhism in central Tibet. Thus this title indicates how Alak Zhabdrung and the other two Great Scholars, Dungkar Lobzang Trinle and Muge Samten, contributed significantly to the revival of Tibetan scholarship, both at monasteries and secular institutions, following a near twenty-year vacuum due to various political campaigns. Many of today’s great Tibetologists both in the PRC and abroad studied with one of these Three Great Scholars. (Treasury of Lives, Source Accessed January 27, 2022)The 6th Tseten Zhabdrung was a student of Giteng Lobzang Pelden (sgis steng blo bzang dpal ldan, 1880/1-1944), also known as Yongdzin Paṇḍita (yongs 'dzin paNDi ta) and Jigme Damcho Gyatso ('jigs med dam chos rgya mtsho), a.k.a. Marnang Dorjechang (mar nang rdo rje 'chang, 1898-1946). Key Works: *[[སྙན་ངག་སྤྱི་དོན་]] - [[snyan ngag spyi don]] ([[Snyan ngag me long gi spyi don sdeb legs rig paʼi ʼchar sgo]]). **First Edition: Zi-ling : [[Mtsho-sngon mi rigs dpe skrun khang]], 2001.**Second Edition: Lan-chou : [[Kan-suʼu mi dmangs dpe skrun khang]] : Kan-suʼu Zhing-chen Zhin-hwa dpe khang gis bkram, 2005. - Famous exegesis on the general meaning of the Kāvyadarśa of Daṇḍin, 7th cent. - General Summary of Poetics being translated by [[Nicole Willock]] and [[Gendun Rabsal]]. *[[Mkhas dbang tshe tan zhabs drung 'jigs med rigs pa'i blo gros kyi gsung rtsom]]. Xining: [[Mtsho sngon mi rigs dpe skrun khang]].*[[Tshe tan zhabs drung rje btsun 'jigs med rigs pa'i blo gros mchog gi gsung 'bum]]. Beijing: [[Mi rigs dpe skrun khang]], 2007.[https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Jigme-Rigpai-Lodro/2948 Read the detailed biography at Treasury of Lives...]etailed biography at Treasury of Lives...])
Takasaki, J. + (Jikido Takasaki, D. Litt. (1926-2013), was … Jikido Takasaki, D. Litt. (1926-2013), was a specialist in Indian Buddhism, especially the philosophy of Mahayana Buddhism. After graduating from the University of Tokyo in 1950, he studied at the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute at Poona, making a special study of the Ratnagotravibhaga, for which he received a Ph.D. degree in 1959 from the University of Poona. He began his teaching career in 1957 at Komazawa University, Tokyo, and after a period of teaching at Osaka University he eventually gained a professorship at the University of Tokyo in 1977, from where he retired in 1987. ([https://www.amazon.com/Study-Ratnagotravibhaga-Uttaratantra-Treatise-Tathagatagarbha/dp/8120836421 Source Accessed Oct 24, 2019])/8120836421 Source Accessed Oct 24, 2019]))
Kodera, T. + (Jim Kodera is committed to the academic st … Jim Kodera is committed to the academic study of religion from the historical and comparative perspective, with a focus on Asia, broadly including both East Asia and South Asia. More specifically, he offers courses on Buddhism from its origin in India through its development in Tibet, China, Korea, Japan and the West and is also interested in the inner relationship between a contemplative life and social and political responsibility, involving a variety of religious and cultural traditions.At Wellesley, he helped develop Japanese Studies as part of East Asian Studies Program and Asian American Studies as part of American Studies.Earlier research focused on individuals and issues in East Asian Buddhism, especially in the Ch’an/Zen tradition. Kodera has written on the place and the role of Christianity in East Asia, including the Jesuits in the 16th century and Uchimura Kanzo. More recently, his research has focused on the plight of “Untouchables” in India (Dalits) and Japan (Burakumin). He is in an early stage of research on Nagasaki from Francis Xavier, who arrived in Nagasaki in 1549, and Takashi Nagai, affected by radiation after the atomic bomb and yet turned Nagasaki into the “City of Prayer” as it remains today, in contrast to Hiroshima. ([http://rippleffectne.com/speaker/t-james-kodera/ Source Accessed May 7, 2020])ames-kodera/ Source Accessed May 7, 2020]))
Nicell, J. + (Joan Nicell was born in Montreal, Canada i … Joan Nicell was born in Montreal, Canada in 1950 and obtained a BS in physiotherapy from McGill University in 1982. In 1986 she traveled to Asia, and in Thailand participated in a ten-day Vipassana course. The next year she did the annual month-long Dharma course at Kopan Monastery in Nepal. In February 1989 she received ''getsul'' ordination in Dharamsala from His Holiness the Dalai Lama. Joan has lived and worked at Istituto Lama Tzong Khapa since 1990, where from 1996 to the present she has acted as coordinator for the institute’s residential and on-line Masters Program and Basic Program. She studied and learned scriptural Tibetan at Istituto Lama Tzong Khapa and Sera Je Monastery. Since 1994, she has been translating Tibetan texts into English for the institute’s long-term study programs, regular Dharma courses, and retreats. In January 2009 she was assigned the job of English translation coordinator for the new FPMT Translation and Editorial Committee.[http://www.chronicleproject.com/images/general/word_of_buddha/Bios%20022209.pdf Source] See also [https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/joan-nicell/ the Wisdom Experience website]oan-nicell/ the Wisdom Experience website])
Janiszewska-Rain, J. + (Joanna Janiszewska-Rain is a freelance translator, interpreter, and editor living in the Krakow metropolitan area. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/joanna-janiszewska-rain-5478a9101/?originalSubdomain=pl Source Accessed Mar 18, 2021]))
Pérez-Remón, J. + (Joaquín Pérez-Remon was a Jesuit missionar … Joaquín Pérez-Remon was a Jesuit missionary in India who taught Oriental Philosophy and was the chair of the History of Religions at the Jesuit University of Deusto (Bilbao). He is the author of several books, including ''Misticismo Oriental y Misticismo Cristiano'' (Bilbao, 1985), ''The Self and the Production of Pleasure and Pain in Early Buddhism'' (A.E.O. 1981), and ''Self and Non-Self in Early Buddhism'' (De Gruyter, 1980). ([https://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/nfile/2035 Source Accessed Oct 7, 2020])p/nfile/2035 Source Accessed Oct 7, 2020]))
Koss, J. + (Jobst Koss is a psychotherapist and has be … Jobst Koss is a psychotherapist and has been studying Tibetan Buddhism and the Tibetan language for over 25 years. He is the editor of several books on Buddhism. ([https://www.amazon.de/Die-Lebensf%C3%BChrung-Geiste-Erleuchtung-Bodhisattvacharyavatara/dp/3896202251/ref=pd_rhf_dp_p_img_1?_encoding=UTF8&psc=1&refRID=3SSQKX67FGDJ1K93WVWH Source Accessed Jan 8, 2021])3SSQKX67FGDJ1K93WVWH Source Accessed Jan 8, 2021]))
Tuske, J. + (Joerg Tuske is Professor of Philosophy at … Joerg Tuske is Professor of Philosophy at Salisbury University in Maryland. Originally from Hamburg, Tuske completed his undergraduate studies and MA in Philosophy at King’s College London, before studying Sanskrit at the University of Pune in India. Afterwards he took his MPhil and PhD at Cambridge. His main research interests are in Classical Indian Philosophy and in Philosophy of Mind. He edited ''Indian Epistemology and Metaphysics'', which was published by Bloomsbury in 2017. ([https://philosophynow.org/issues/132/Joerg_Tuske Source Accessed May 18, 2021])Joerg_Tuske Source Accessed May 18, 2021]))
Kern, H. + (Johan Hendrik Caspar Kern (6 April 1833 – … Johan Hendrik Caspar Kern (6 April 1833 – 4 July 1917) was a Dutch linguist and Orientalist. In the literature, he is usually referred to as H. Kern or Hendrik Kern; a few other scholars bear the same surname. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Hendrik_Caspar_Kern Source Accessed Aug 11, 2021])Caspar_Kern Source Accessed Aug 11, 2021]))
Carman, J. + (John B. Carman in Parkman Professor of Divinity and Professor of Comparative Religion Emeritus at Harvard Divinity School.)
Ding, J. + (John Ding is a Professor in the Philosophy … John Ding is a Professor in the Philosophy Dept. at California State Polytechnic University, Pomona. He teaches courses in Comparative Philosophy, Social and Political Philosophy, and Asian philosophy. He is currently the Editor-in-chief of the ''Journal of East-West Thought'' and the Secretary-General of the International Association for East-West Studies (IAES). Association for East-West Studies (IAES).)
Miles, J. + (John R. "Jack" Miles (born July 30, 1942) … John R. "Jack" Miles (born July 30, 1942) is an American author. He is a winner of the Pulitzer Prize, a Guggenheim Fellowship, and the MacArthur Fellowship. His writings on religion, politics, and culture have appeared in numerous national publications, including ''The Atlantic Monthly'', ''The New York Times'', ''The Boston Globe'', ''The Washington Post'', ''Los Angeles Times'', and ''Commonweal Magazine''.Miles treats his biblical subjects neither as transcendent deities nor historical figures, but as literary protagonists. His first book, ''God: A Biography'', won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography in 1996, and has been translated into sixteen languages. His second book ''Christ: A Crisis in the Life of God'', was named a New York Times Notable Book of 2002. Miles is general editor of the Norton Anthology of World Religions (November 2014). Miles' book ''God in the Qur'an'' was published in 2018, the third in his God in Three Classic Scriptures series. Miles' current book is ''Religion as We Know It: An Origin Story'', (Nov. 12, 2019) which examines when religion became a distinct area of thought. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Miles Source Accessed May 11, 2021])/Jack_Miles Source Accessed May 11, 2021]))
Edkins, J. + (Joseph Edkins (19 December 1823 – 23 April … Joseph Edkins (19 December 1823 – 23 April 1905) was a British Protestant missionary who spent 57 years in China, 30 of them in Beijing. As a Sinologue, he specialised in Chinese religions. He was also a linguist, a translator, and a philologist. Writing prolifically, he penned many books about the Chinese language and the Chinese religions especially Buddhism. In his ''China's Place in Philology'' (1871), he tries to show that the languages of Europe and Asia have a common origin by comparing the Chinese and Indo-European vocabulary. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Edkins Source Accessed Apr 22, 2022])seph_Edkins Source Accessed Apr 22, 2022]))
Kimmel, J. + (Joseph Kimmel is serving as Instructor in … Joseph Kimmel is serving as Instructor in Graeca during the 2020–21 academic year. He recently earned a Teaching Certificate from Harvard University’s Bok Center for Teaching and Learning, and has been awarded multiple Certificates of Distinction in Teaching from the Bok Center for his work as a teaching fellow. He has served in this capacity (and as head teaching fellow) in a variety of courses both at Harvard Divinity School and Harvard College, and also has worked as a visiting lecturer at a college in Nepal. His dissertation in progress focuses on ancient Mediterranean perceptions and uses of proper names as tools of power, especially as presented in early Christian texts and amulets. ([https://hds.harvard.edu/people/joseph-kimmel Source Accessed Apr 1, 2021])oseph-kimmel Source Accessed Apr 1, 2021]))
Weber, J. + (Julika Weber is a translator and interpret … Julika Weber is a translator and interpreter for German, Italian, English and Tibetan. Since 2014 she has translated in Europe and Asia for Tibetan Lamas, Rinpoches and Khenpos from all lineages of Tibetan Buddhism as well as for doctors and conferences.She also works as a teacher for Tibetan language and as a translator for the 84000 translation team at Vienna University. ([https://julikaweber.webnode.at/english/ Adapted from Source Sep 7, 2021])english/ Adapted from Source Sep 7, 2021]))
Buddhajñānapāda + (Jñānapāda (autonym: Buddhajñāna, also refe … Jñānapāda (autonym: Buddhajñāna, also referred to as Buddhaśrījñāna, *Buddhajñānapāda, *Śrījñānapāda; fl. c. 770–820 CE), was one of the most influential figures of mature Indian esoteric Buddhism. He is remembered first and foremost as the founder of the earlier of the two most important exegetical schools of the Guhyasamājatantra (→BEB I, Guhyasamāja), but he was also very likely a guru of some note in the Pāla court, the dominant power in East India at the time, and the first warden of the famous Vikramaśīla monastery. (Source: [https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/search?s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.encyclopedia-of-buddhism&search-go=&s.q=J%C3%B1%C4%81nap%C4%81da Brill Encyclopedia of Buddhism Online])ap%C4%81da Brill Encyclopedia of Buddhism Online]))
Elliot, N. + (Kadam Neil Elliot is the resident teacher … Kadam Neil Elliot is the resident teacher at KMC London, and, also, the teacher of the STTP (special teacher training program).Kadam Neil has been a student of Venerable Geshe Kelsang Gyatso Rinpoche for nearly 40 years and has worked closely with him on editing and translating many of his books. He is a senior teacher who teaches the Special Teacher Training Programme at KMC London with over 800 people around the world studying on the programme by correspondence. ([https://meditaenmenorca.org/kadam-neil-elliot/?lang=en Source Accessed May 24, 2021])ot/?lang=en Source Accessed May 24, 2021]))
Schneider, Jeffrey + (Kaiji Jeffrey Schneider is a Zen priest wh … Kaiji Jeffrey Schneider is a Zen priest who has lived, worked and practiced at San Francisco Zen Center since 1978. The founder of the Zen Center recovery programs, he is currently the Outreach and Volunteer Coordinator. ([https://www.sfzc.org/teachers/kaiji-jeffrey-schneider Source Accessed August 13, 2020])chneider Source Accessed August 13, 2020]))
Preisendanz, K. + (Karin Preisendanz (born January 6, 1958 in … Karin Preisendanz (born January 6, 1958 in Heidelberg) is a German Indologist. In 1985 she received the Dr. Phil. at the University of Hamburg and in 1995 the habilitation and the venia legendi in Hamburg. From 1986 to 1987 she was a research assistant at Albrecht Wezler and from 1987 to 1990 at the Institute for Indian Philology and Art History at the Free University of Berlin. From 1990 to 1993 she was Assistant Professor for Hinduism and Buddhism at the Department of Asian Studies, University of British Columbia. From 1993 to 1999 she was research assistant C1 at the Institute for Culture and History of India and Tibet in Hamburg. She has been a professor of Indology since 1999 at the University in Vienna. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karin_Preisendanz Source Accessed Mar 31, 2021])Preisendanz Source Accessed Mar 31, 2021]))
Potter, K. + (Karl Harrington Potter (born August 19, 19 … Karl Harrington Potter (born August 19, 1927) is an American-born writer, academic, [and] Indologist from the University of Washington. He studied at the University of California, as well as Harvard University, and is known for his writings on Indian philosophy. He is perhaps most well known for his work on the ''Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies''.e ''Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies''.)
Dorje, Karma + (Karma Dorje (Rabjampa) is a member of the Alexander Csoma de Kőrös Translation Group along with Krisztina Teleki, Zsuzsa Majer, William Dewey, and Beáta Kakas. ([https://84000.co/grants Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022]))
Rin chen dar rgyas + (Karma Rinchen Dargye, also known as Karmé … Karma Rinchen Dargye, also known as Karmé Khenpo, was a nineteenth century master recognized at an early age as the reincarnation of master of the Kagyu lineage whose seat was at the monastery of Karma Monastery in Kham. He observed monastic discipline with greatest diligence. A close disciple of Chokgyur Lingpa himself, and he was one of the main lineage holders of Chokgyur Lingpa's termas. He wrote many commentaries which have been included in the Chokling Tersar collection, as well as his own collected works constitute four volumes. (source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Rinchen_Dargye Rigpa Wiki])ndex.php?title=Rinchen_Dargye Rigpa Wiki]))
Katok Situ, 3rd + (Katok Situ Chökyi Gyatso was the third inc … Katok Situ Chökyi Gyatso was the third incarnation from Katok monastery of the great master from Palpung, Situ Panchen Chökyi Jungné. He was born in 1880, near Katok monastery, and was the nephew of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. He received his name Chos kyi rgya mtsho during his ordination, in front of Jamgön Kongtrul and Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. Following his ordination, miraculous signs appeared which led to his recognition as the reincarnation of the deceased Katok Situ. He was then brought to Katok Dorje Den, where he studied the sutras and tantras from more than eighteen great masters, particularly Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, Jamgön Kongtrul, Patrul Rinpoche and Mipham Rinpoche. After Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo passed he begged Jamgön Kongtrul to recognize an incarnation of the great master for Katok monastery. Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö was recognized as Katok Khyentse and Katok Situ Chökyi Gyatso took care of his upbringing and education. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Katok_Situ_Ch%C3%B6kyi_Gyatso Rigpa Wiki])Katok_Situ_Ch%C3%B6kyi_Gyatso Rigpa Wiki]))
Enoki, K. + (Kazuo Enoki was born in Kobe city in 1913 … Kazuo Enoki was born in Kobe city in 1913 and was an educator and historian. In 1955 he became a Professor of Tokyo University. He studied mainly Central Asia under guidance of Shiratori Kurakichi. Besides this, he wrote several historical books about China and Japan. In 1974, he was Director General of Toyo Bunko. Also, he was in England (1952-53) as guest professor of London University. He was related to [the] amassing of distinctive materials of Toyo Bunko after WW2, such as documents unearthed from Dunhuang and Turfan, Middle Eastern Documents, the Jesuitas na Asia from the Biblioteca de Ajuda in Lisbon, etc. In 1990. his bereaved donated his 30,000 books to Toyo Bunko. ([http://www.toyo-bunko.or.jp/toyobunko-e/library3/shozou/enoki-e.html; http://www.toyo-bunko.or.jp/toyobunko-e/library3/shozou/enoki-e.html Adapted from Sources Mar 23, 2021])e.html Adapted from Sources Mar 23, 2021]))
Dowman, K. + (Keith Dowman is a translator and teacher o … Keith Dowman is a translator and teacher of Dzogchen. A student of the great Dzogchen lamas Dudjom Rinpoche and Kanjur Rinpoche, he has lived in Banares, India, and Kathmandu, Nepal, for 50 years. His translations include SkyDancer, and Longchenpa’s Natural Perfection and Spaciousness.A cultural refugee from his native England, Keith Dowman arrived in Banares, India in 1966, after travelling overland from Europe. Apart from an occasional foray back to the West he has spent a lifetime in the sub-continent, engaged in existential buddha dharma. In India and Nepal, not always in Tibetan refugee society, he has lived as a yogin, monk, pilgrim, and then as a householder, and as a scholar and poet gloriously free from western academia and cultural institutions of all shapes and sizes.In India in the ‘sixties he was fortunate enough to encounter the grandfather-lama refugees just after their arrival in India in the wake of the Chinese invasion of Tibet. In those heady years when the old lamas were totally receptive to the solicitation of western disciples seeking confirmation of the validity of their existential trajectories, he received initiation, empowerment, pith instruction and personal guidance from Dudjom Rinpoche Jigdral Yeshe Dorje and Kanjur Rinpoche Longchen Yeshe Dorje, who became his root gurus, among many other Nyingma lamas and lamas of other schools, notably Khamtrul Rimpoche and the 16th Karmapa Rikpai Dorje. As Chogyal Namkhai Norbu remarked "In communion with many great masters [Keith Dowman] has fortuitously absorbed the realization of Dzogchen."Settled in Kathmandu, in the ‘eighties he translated the Rabalaisian hagiography of The Divine Madman (Drukpa Kunley) and also that of the Guru’s Consort, Yeshe Tsogyel, in Skydancer, both of which remain in print. Entering Tibet immediately after it opened to foreign travelers, his three years of seasonal trekking in central Tibet resulted in The Pilgrim’s Guide to Central Tibet. The Power Places of Kathmandu was also written in the ‘eighties, description of pilgrimage in the Kathmandu Valley. Masters of Mahamudra: the Legends of the Eighty-Four Mahasiddhas was the fruit of his connection with the Kagyu school. More recently, spending less time in the polluted Kathmandu Valley, leaving Vajrayana behind, he has concentrated exclusively on the translation of Dzogchen texts: The Flight of the Garuda, Natural Perfection, Maya Yoga, The Great Secret of Mind, and Spaciousness: Longchenpa’s Treasury of the Dharmadhatu. Guru Pema Here and Now, The Mythology of the Lotus-Born, his most recent book, reverts to the imagery of the myth of Padmasambhava to illustrate the reality of Dzogchen.Teaching the Dharma since 1992, his original concern was to assist in bridge building from East to West, a conduit for the lamas’ buddha-dharma. Now that aim has been achieved, leaving even the Dzogchen that is embedded in Vajrayana behind, the essence of Dzogchen which he calls radical Dzogchen is his primary concern and the main content of his teaching.Still based in Kathmandu, he leads a nomadic lifestyle, teaching Dzogchen nonmeditation worldwide. This Dzogchen, derived from the early Nyingma tantras, free of the tendency toward the spiritual materialism so evident in western Buddhism, nonculturally specific, easily assimilable into Western culture, can, he believes provide a key to a renaissance, or at least a reformation, of Western mysticism in the existential mold. ([http://keithdowman.net/footer-pages/about-keith-dowman.html Source Accessed Feb 3, 2021])-dowman.html Source Accessed Feb 3, 2021]))
McLeod, K. + (Ken McLeod is a senior Western translator, … Ken McLeod is a senior Western translator, author, and teacher of Tibetan Buddhism. He received traditional training mainly in the Shangpa Kagyu lineage through a long association with his principal teacher, Kalu Rinpoche, whom he met in 1970. McLeod resides in Los Angeles, where he founded [https://unfetteredmind.org/ Unfettered Mind].ps://unfetteredmind.org/ Unfettered Mind].)
Holmes, Ken + (Ken is currently Director of Studies at Ka … Ken is currently Director of Studies at Kagyu Samye Ling. His life is spent teaching in Samye Dzongs in various countries, writing and translating dharma works, and he also occasionally interprets for visiting Tibetan lamas. He has also lectured in elementology and astro-science for the Tara-Rokpa College of Tibetan Medicine. He was a founder member of the Scottish Inter-Faith Council and has worked with the British Cabinet Office and the European Community on training programmes. He represented Buddhism at the seminal 2002 meetings in Brussels to discuss religious representation in the new European constitution. ([https://www.samyeling.org/buddhism-and-meditation/teaching-archive-2/dharmacharya-ken-holmes/ Source Accessed Jul 22, 2020])ken-holmes/ Source Accessed Jul 22, 2020]))
Smith, K. + (Kendra Smith holds a Ph.D. from the Univer … Kendra Smith holds a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago and has worked widely as a psychiatric social worker. She has received training in organizational development from N.T.L.-U.C.L.A. Graduate School of Business and in family therapy from Boston Family Institute. She is a graduate of the 1974 Human Development Training Program. (Source: 1975 publication: [[Reflections of Mind: Western Psychology Meets Tibetan Buddhism]])[[Reflections of Mind: Western Psychology Meets Tibetan Buddhism]]))
Kantalipa + (Khandipa was a low-caste sweeper who made … Khandipa was a low-caste sweeper who made his clothes by sewing rags together. A yogin offered to teach him the dharma and gave him the Cakrasaṃvara initiation. However, Khandipa was unable to make any progress because he kept thinking about sewing. In order to overcome his distraction, the yogin told him how to use those thoughts in his meditation practice, explaining that in reality there is no sewing and there is nothing to be sewn. After twelve years of meditation, Khandipa achieved mahāmudrā. (Source: Lopez Jr., Donald S. ''Seeing the Sacred in Samsara: An Illustrated Guide to the Eighty-Four Mahāsiddhas''. Boulder: Shambhala Publications, 2019: p. 93.)der: Shambhala Publications, 2019: p. 93.))
Chodron, Khandro Thrinley + (Khandro Thrinlay Chodon was born in Lahoul … Khandro Thrinlay Chodon was born in Lahoul, which is known in the dharma texts as the 'Land of the Dakinis'. She was born into a family of great Tibetan yogis who were renowned for their extensive and pure practice. She has therefore been trained since childhood in the practices of Vajrayana Buddhism, and grew up in an environment where spirituality was an integral part of everyday life.Due to a generous sponsorship from an Australian man named Laurie Seaman, and also to the visionary encouragement of her parents, Khandro-la was able to attend a catholic boarding school in Kullu. The school was only two hours from her family home so she could keep regular contact with her family and ancient culture. At the school she learnt English and received the beginnings of her excellent western academic education. Khandro-la went on to earn her B.A. in Psychology from Punjab University in Chandigarh, India, in 1986 and then in 1998, she graduated with an M.A. in East-West Psychology from the California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco, USA([http://www.khachodling.org/biography.html Source])ww.khachodling.org/biography.html Source]))
Konchog Gyaltsen, Khenchen + (Khenchen Konchog Gyaltsen Rinpoche, born i … Khenchen Konchog Gyaltsen Rinpoche, born in Tsari, Tibet in the spring of 1946, came to the West in the early 1980’s to found the Tibetan Meditation Center in Washington, D.C. The only Khenchen in the Drikung lineage, Rinpoche completed a nine-year course of study at the Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies in Varanasi, India beginning in 1967. ([https://drikungtucson.org/our-teachers/khenchen-konchog-gyaltsen-rinpoche/ Source Accessed Jan 30, 2020])n-rinpoche/ Source Accessed Jan 30, 2020]))
Mkhan po mun sel + (Khenchen Munsel Rinpoche (1916-1994) of Wa … Khenchen Munsel Rinpoche (1916-1994) of Wangchen Topa, Golok; was a highly accomplished and respected Dzogchen Master and scholar who in turn instructed some of the greatest living and present-day Lamas. A student of Khenpo Ngawang Palzang, he was imprisoned by the Chinese for many years, during which he taught the Dzogchen teachings, including Yeshe Lama (ye shes bla ma), Choying Dzo (chos dbyings mdzod) and the Nyingtik/Men-ngak Nyengyud Chenmo (snying tig snyan brgyud chen mo/man ngag snyan brgyud chen mo) to other lamas in the prison, including Adeu Rinpoche and Garchen Rinpoche. *Source: [http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Khenpo_Munsel Rywiki])sadra.org/index.php/Khenpo_Munsel Rywiki]))
Sherab, Pema + (Khenchen Pema Sherab (Tib. པདྨ་ཤེས་རབ་, Wy … Khenchen Pema Sherab (Tib. པདྨ་ཤེས་རབ་, Wyl. pad+ma shes rab) is one of the seniormost khenpos in the Nyingma tradition and one of the three Khenchen or 'great khenpos' of Namdroling Monastery.Khenpo Pema Sherab was born in 1936, at Riphu, in the Dergé region of Eastern Tibet. He started to study at the age of eight, learning to read and write Tibetan with his uncle, Lama Chözang, while he was herding cattle. At fourteen, he went to Lhasa and studied under masters and scholars of all schools of Tibetan Buddhism. In 1953 he received ordination from Shechen Kongtrul Rinpoche. In Lhasa, he also met Kyabjé Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche and served as his attendant for about ten years, fleeing with him to Bhutan and then India in 1959. Over the years, he received many teachings from him, including the Guhyagarbha Tantra, and Longchenpa’s Treasury of Pith Instructions. During the 1950s he also stayed for long periods at Nenang Monastery and Tshurphu, the monastery of the Karmapas, which at that time was home to many great Kagyü masters who had escaped from the troubles in East Tibet. While on pilgrimage in Central Tibet, he met Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö at Tsering Jong, the seat of Jikmé Lingpa. While in India, he also studied with Kyabjé Dudjom Rinpoche and Khenpo Tsöndrü, and from Kyabjé Trulshik Rinpoche he received the vows of a fully ordained monk, and also various empowerments and teachings.In 1968, at the request of Kyabjé Penor Rinpoche he went to Namdroling Monastery to teach. Though the shedra was not yet established at that time, Khen Rinpoche taught the monks for several years. The shedra was finally established in 1978 and from then until 2003, for 25 years, Khenpo Pema Sherab taught there tirelessly while also managing the institution.Among the many books he has written are a biography of Guru Padmasambhava, an exposition of the two truths, lorik and tarik, and an exposition of logic. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenchen_Pema_Sherab Source Accessed June 29, 2022])ema_Sherab Source Accessed June 29, 2022]))
Mkhan chen bkra shis 'od zer + (Khenchen Tashi Özer was an important figur … Khenchen Tashi Özer was an important figure in the Rimé movement. He served as a khenpo at the monasteries of Paljor and Palpung, the seat of the Tai Situ incarnations. He was a disciple of Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye, Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and Patrul Rinpoche. When Jamgön Kongtrul wrote his auto-commentary to the Treasury of Knowledge in 1863, Khenchen Tashi Özer acted as his scribe. He was also in the presence of Jamgön Kongtrul when he passed into the samadhi of the clear light dharmakaya in 1899.After offering the reading transmission for the entire Kangyur to the Fifteenth Karmapa at his seat of Tsurpu, he was rewarded with the fulfillment of any request, and took the opportunity to request that Karsé Kongtrul, the incarnation of Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Thaye who had been born as the Karmapa's son be returned to his home monastery of Palpung. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenchen_Tashi_%C3%96zer Rigpa Wiki])itle=Khenchen_Tashi_%C3%96zer Rigpa Wiki]))
Chödron, Ani K. + (Khenmo Trinlay Chödron is a senior student … Khenmo Trinlay Chödron is a senior student of Khenchen Rinpoche. She teaches at the Tibetan Meditation Center in Fredrick, Maryland, as well as at affiliated centers in the United States and Sweden. ([https://www.shambhala.com/authors/a-f/khenmo-trinlay-chodron.html Source Accessed Sept 4 2020])chodron.html Source Accessed Sept 4 2020]))
Gawang, Khenpo + (Khenpo Gawang Rinpoche is the founder and … Khenpo Gawang Rinpoche is the founder and spiritual director of Pema Karpo Meditation Center in Memphis, Tennessee. He holds a khenpo degree after nine years of study at Namdroling Monastery in South India. In April 2006, Khenpo Gawang Rinpoche was formally enthroned as a khenpo by His Holiness Penor Rinpoche and assigned to teach in the West. He came to the United States in 2004 at the invitation of Sakyong Mipham Rinpoche and Shambhala International, and became an American citizen in 2012. He has lived in Memphis, Tennessee since 2007. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Gawang_Rinpoche Source Accessed Sept 9, 2020])ng_Rinpoche Source Accessed Sept 9, 2020]))
Dorje, Jampal + (Khenpo Jampal Dorje (mkhan po 'jam dpal rdo rje, b. ca. 1970) is a teacher at Ari Dza Monastery in Dzachukha, Kham. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond))
Khri tsho mkhan po blo gros bzang po + (Khenpo Lodrö Zangpo (Tib. མཁན་པོ་བློ་གྲོས་ … Khenpo Lodrö Zangpo (Tib. མཁན་པོ་བློ་གྲོས་བཟང་པོ་, Wyl. mkhan po blo gros bzang po) (1924-1986) was one of Sogyal Rinpoche's tutors. He was from Tritso (khri tsho) Monastery in Derge, the same monastery as Khenpo Rinchen and Khenpo Lhoga. He studied with Khenpo Dragyab Lodrö together with Khenpo Appey. After coming into exile, he lived at Ngor Monastery in Gangtok, Sikkim. He was also a teacher of Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche. He passed away in Bodhgaya in the Fire Tiger year (1986) at the end of the sixteenth calendrical cycle. (Source: [http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Lodr%C3%B6_Zangpo Rigpa Wiki])itle=Khenpo_Lodr%C3%B6_Zangpo Rigpa Wiki]))
Rdzong sar mkhan pad+ma dam chos + (Khenpo Pema Damchö was a senior khenpo at … Khenpo Pema Damchö was a senior khenpo at Dzongsar Monastery in Tibet. He was a student of Drayab Lodrö and Dragyab Khyenrab Senge. In 1986 he became the tenth khenpo of Dzongsar shedra, a position he held for five years. According to reports, he passed away on March 3rd, 2016. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Pema_Damch%C3%B6 Rigpa Wiki])title=Khenpo_Pema_Damch%C3%B6 Rigpa Wiki]))
Gyaltsen Negi, Sherab + (Khenpo Sherab Gyaltsen Negi graduated from … Khenpo Sherab Gyaltsen Negi graduated from Nalanda Institute at Rumtek Monastery in 1991 and was awarded the title of Khenpo in recognition of his scholarship. He taught at the Nalanda Institute one and a half years and joined and joined Kagyu Thekchen Ling in Lava, Kalimpong in 1992 to serve the various projects and activities of His Eminence Jamgon Kongtrul Rinpoche. He also completed the traditional three-year Shangpa Kagyu retreat at Mirik Monastery under the guidance of Very Venerable Bokar Rinpoche and Khenpo Lodro Donyod Rinpoche. Today, he is mainly involved with work for Rigpe Dorje Publications. [http://www.jamgonkongtrul.org/section.php?s1=3&s2=4 Jamgön Kongtrül Labrang]ion.php?s1=3&s2=4 Jamgön Kongtrül Labrang])
Khenpo Shönri + (Khenpo Shonri (Shonu Dondrup, gzhon nu don grub, 1938-2015) of Juniong Monastery was a disciple of Khenpo Thubga (Khenpo Thubten Chophel) and a custodian of many of Lama Mipham Rinpoche's and Patrul Rinpoche's relics. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond))
Gonpo, Tsering + (Khenpo Tsering Gonpo (mkhan po tshe ring mgon po, b. ca. 1970) graduated from Larung Gar Philosophical College as a disciple of Khenpo Jigme Phuntsok. He currently resides at Dzagyal Trama Lung hermitages in Upper Dzachukha. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond))
Sonam, Tshewang + (Khenpo Tshewang Sonam is the Lama of Tharp … Khenpo Tshewang Sonam is the Lama of Tharpaling Monastery, the most well-known center founded by Longchenpa in Bhutan. Prior to becoming the Lama of Tharpaling, he spent many years as a hermit in the mountains of Bhutan while also giving mass teachings on Amitabha and Sukhavati practice in many parts of Bhutan. At the turn of the century, he served as the head of Ngagyur Nyingma Institute in Namdrolling, Mysore, India and as the head of Palyul Shedra, Sichuan in Tibet after he finished his Khenpo degree in Namdrolling in 1998. Khenpo Tshewang received his early education under Wangthang Rinpoche Yeshi Dorji, Lama Gyalwang Nyima, and Lopen Norbu Wangchuk before he moved to study in Namdrolling in Mysore. Since then, he trained under His Holiness Penor Rinpoche and Nyoshul Khenpo in India and Bhutan, and Khenpo Achoe and Trulku Thubzang in Tibet, receiving oral teachings on Dzogchen. He is the author of commentaries on ''Madhyamakāvatāra'' and ''Abhisamayālaṇkāra'' and many other minor writings. (Source: Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho)itings. (Source: Lopen Dr. Karma Phuntsho))
Dge mang mkhan chen yon tan rgya mtsho + (Khenpo Yönga aka Khenchen Yönten Gyatso (T … Khenpo Yönga aka Khenchen Yönten Gyatso (Tib. ཡོན་ཏན་རྒྱ་མཚོ་, Wyl. yon tan rgya mtsho) (19th-20th C.) was a personal student of Patrul Rinpoche and Orgyen Tendzin Norbu. He belonged to Gemang Monastery, a branch of Dzogchen Monastery, and studied at Dzogchen and Shechen monasteries. He wrote a very popular two-part commentary on Rigdzin Jikme Lingpa's Treasury of Precious Qualities, called Lamp of Moonlight and Rays of Sunlight. Among his students were Changma Khenchen Thubten Chöpel (the teacher of Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche and Khenpo Jikmé Phuntsok) and Khenchen Tsewang Rigdzin of Washul Mewa (who attained the rainbow body). (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Yönga Rigpawiki])g/index.php?title=Khenpo_Yönga Rigpawiki]))
Khu nu bla ma bstan 'dzin rgyal mtshan + (Khunu Lama Tenzin Gyaltsen was a teacher o … Khunu Lama Tenzin Gyaltsen was a teacher of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, especially for the ''Bodhicharyavatara'', for which he held Patrul Rinpoche’s lineage, having received it from one of the great khenpos at Dzogchen monastery.... (Keep reading at [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khunu_Lama_Tenzin_Gyaltsen Rigpa Wiki].)Further details in [https://fpmt.org/wp-content/uploads/mandala/archives/mandala-for-2015/july/the_great_kindness_of_khunu_lama_rinpoche.pdf the story of Khunu Lama as told by Baling Lama].ory of Khunu Lama as told by Baling Lama].)
Henkel, K. + (Kokyo Henkel has been practicing Zen since … Kokyo Henkel has been practicing Zen since 1990 in residence at Tassajara Zen Mountain Center (most recently as Head of Practice), Green Gulch Farm Zen Center, No Abode Hermitage in Mill Valley, and Bukkokuji Monastery in Japan.He was ordained as a priest in 1994 by Tenshin Anderson Roshi and received Dharma Transmission from him in 2010. Kokyo is interested in exploring how the original teachings of Buddha-Dharma from ancient India, China, and Japan can still be very much alive and useful in present-day America to bring peace and openness to the minds of this troubled world.Kokyo has also been practicing with the Tibetan Dzogchen (“Great Completeness”) Teacher Tsoknyi Rinpoche since 2003, in California, Colorado, and Kathmandu. ([https://sczc.org/kokyo-henkel-page Source Accessed Nov 20, 2020])henkel-page Source Accessed Nov 20, 2020]))
Nishiyama, K. + (Kosen Nishiyama Roshi is Zen master, teach … Kosen Nishiyama Roshi is Zen master, teacher and priest, as well as abbot (31st Patriarch) of the Daimanji Temple, a large temple in the northern Japanese metropolis of Sendai with approx. 450 active members. He is also a professor of Buddhology and English at Tohoku Fukushi University. Nishiyama Roshi was born in Sendai in 1939. He received his instruction in Zen in the main monastery of the Japanese Soto School of Zen, the Sojĳi Temple in Yokohama. In 1975 his translation of Dogen Zenji's ''Shobogenzo'' was published in English. Nishiyama Roshi also translated Keizan Jokin's ''Denkoroku'' into English (published 1994). The German translations of parts of ''Shobogenzo'' in Theseus and Angkorverlag are based on these translations. ([http://www.weltfriede.at/nishiyama01.htm Source Accessed June 29, 2021])yama01.htm Source Accessed June 29, 2021]))
Franz, K. + (Koun Franz is a Soto Zen priest. He leads … Koun Franz is a Soto Zen priest. He leads practice at Thousand Harbours Zen in Halifax, Nova Scotia, where he also works as editor of Buddhadharma. His writing and teachings on Zen can be found at nyoho.com and on the Thousand Harbours Zen podcast. ([https://www.lionsroar.com/author/koun-franz/ Source: Lion's Roar])m/author/koun-franz/ Source: Lion's Roar]))
Teleki, K. + (Krisztina Teleki is a Hungarian Tibetologi … Krisztina Teleki is a Hungarian Tibetologist and Mongolist. She holds a PhD of Mongolian Linguistics and Philology from ELTE University, Faculty of Arts, Budapest, Hungary. Her PhD dissertation was written on the monasteries and temples of Urga (Bogdiin Khüree: Monasteries and Temples of the Mongolian Capital, 1651-1938, Eötvös Loránd University, Faculty of Arts, Doctoral School of Linguistics, Program on Mongolian Linguistics, Budapest, 2008, 282 pages). She has been to Mongolia over 10 times since 1999, on scholarships and research trips for periods of one month to one year, surveying the history and revival of Mongolian Buddhism. ([https://www.mongoliantemples.org/en/additional-materials/ulaanbaatar-reports-2005-2006/contributors Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2022])ibutors Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2022]))
Nandi + (Ku Nân-ti, i.e. Nandi, whose name is trans … Ku Nân-ti, i.e. Nandi, whose name is translated 喜 Hhi, lit. 'joy.' He was a G''ri''hapati (householder) of the western region, who in A.D. 419 and the following years translated 3 works, one of them was lost already in A.D. 730.Two of the texts attributed to him include the ''Dàchéng fāngbiàn huì jīng'' (''Upāyakauśalyasūtra'') and the ''Ch'ing kuan shih yin p'u sa hsiao fu tu hai t'o lo ni chou ching'' (''Saḍakṣaravidyāmantra(sūtra''). [He was] of the Eastern Tsin dynasty , A.D. 317–420. ([http://www.kanji.zinbun.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~wittern/data/nanjio-catalog.pdf Source Accessed Sep 8, 2021; see esp. number 47])Accessed Sep 8, 2021; see esp. number 47]))
Dudjom Rinpoche + (Kyabje Dudjom Rinpoche or Dudjom Jikdral Y … Kyabje Dudjom Rinpoche or Dudjom Jikdral Yeshe Dorje (Tib. བདུད་འཇོམས་འཇིགས་བྲལ་ཡེ་ཤེས་རྡོ་རྗེ་, Wyl. bdud 'joms 'jigs bral ye shes rdo rje) (1904-1987) — one of Tibet’s foremost yogins, scholars, and meditation masters. He was recognized as the incarnation of Dudjom Lingpa (1835-1904), whose previous incarnations included the greatest masters, yogins and panditas such as Shariputra, Saraha and Khye'u Chung Lotsawa. Considered to be the living representative of Padmasambhava, he was a great revealer of the ‘treasures’ (terma) concealed by Padmasambhava. A prolific author and meticulous scholar, Dudjom Rinpoche wrote more than forty volumes, one of the best known of which is his monumental ''The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism: Its Fundamentals and History''. Over the last decade of his life he spent much time teaching in the West, where he helped to establish the Nyingma tradition, founding major centres in France and the United States. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Dudjom_Rinpoche Source Accessed Feb 20, 2020])om_Rinpoche Source Accessed Feb 20, 2020]))
Dodrupchen, 4th + (Kyabjé Dodrupchen Rinpoche, the Fourth Dod … Kyabjé Dodrupchen Rinpoche, the Fourth Dodrupchen Rinpoche, Tubten Trinlé Pal Zangpo (Tib. ཐུབ་བསྟན་ཕྲིན་ལས་དཔལ་བཟང་པོ་, Wyl. thub bstan phrin las dpal bzang po) aka Jikmé Trinlé Palbar (1927-2022), was one of the most important masters in the Nyingma and Dzogchen traditions. As the fourth incarnation of Dodrupchen Jikmé Trinlé Özer, the heart-son of Jikmé Lingpa who revealed the Longchen Nyingtik cycle, Dodrupchen Rinpoche was the principal holder of the Longchen Nyingtik teachings.He was born in 1927 in the Golok province of Dokham in the eastern part of Tibet....At the age of four, he travelled to the Dodrupchen monastery, where he was enthroned....At Dodrupchen monastery, he built a Scriptural College, and he provided the woodblocks for printing the Seven Treasures of Longchenpa. He gave many major teachings, especially in the eastern part of Tibet.On account of the changing political situation, Dodrupchen Rinpoche left Tibet and arrived in Sikkim in October 1957; from then on, he made Gangtok his permanent residence. Once again he subsidized the printing of many books, including Longchenpa's Seven Treasures and Trilogy of Finding Comfort and Ease. He has given many empowerments, transmissions and teachings in Sikkim, where he has two monasteries, in Bhutan, where he also heads a monastery, and in India and Nepal. Dodrupchen Rinpoche recognized the Seventh Dzogchen Rinpoche, whose enthronement was held in the Royal Temple at Gangtok in 1972...He made a number of visits to the West, his first being in 1973, when he established a centre called the Maha Siddha Nyingmapa Centre in Massachusetts. Dodrupchen Rinpoche also visited Britain, France and Switzerland, and in 1975, gave the empowerment of Rigdzin Düpa at Sogyal Rinpoche's request in London. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Dodrupchen_Rinpoche Rigpa Wiki, Source Accessed February 2, 2022])a Wiki, Source Accessed February 2, 2022]))
Lie, K. + (Kåre Albert Lie (born 9 September 1942 ) … Kåre Albert Lie (born 9 September 1942 ) is a Norwegian historian of religion, non-fiction author and translator. He has translated, or contributed to the translation of, nearly 60 books, especially in the history of religion and culture. In addition, he has published a number of books on Buddhism and the oldest texts of Buddhism.He has a master's degree in phil. with major in religious history, with indology (Sanskrit and Pali ) in the subject area. He has translated books from Pali, Sanskrit, English, German, French, Dutch, Danish and Swedish. Lie worked for several years in the school system before concentrating on his work as a writer and translator from 1996. ([https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A5re_A._Lie Source Accessed Mar 23, 2021])A5re_A._Lie Source Accessed Mar 23, 2021]))
Wangmo, D. + (LAMA DECHEN YESHE WANGMO (1949- ) Lama Ye … LAMA DECHEN YESHE WANGMO (1949- )Lama Yeshe Dechen Wangmo became a lineage holder of The Dakini Heart Essence (''mkha 'gro thug thig''), a treasure teaching of His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche, when Repkong Lama Tharchin Tsedrup Rinpoche enthroned her in 1992.Based on thirty-eight years of vajrayana study and practice in Canada and the United States, her knowledge is informed by personal retreats, her competence in literary Tibetan, and personal guidance received from the 16th Karmapa, Kalu Rinpoche, His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche, Dungse Thinley Norbu Rinpoche and Lama Tsedrup Tharchin Rinpoche.As a teacher and sangha leader, Lama places a high value on authenticity, accountability, and connectedness.In 2002, she established Jnanasukha Foundation, a not-for-profit organization, as a venue for the teachings of Yeshe Tsogyal and the female buddhas. The Foundation has sprouted several initiatives including support for Tsogyal Latso, the birthplace of Yeshe Tsogyal in Tibet and several programs for scholarships, grants and humanitarian aid. www.jnanasukha.orgSince 2009, she has traveled to Central Tibet every year, leading pilgrimages and deepening her connection with her spiritual roots.Lama's early activities included textile arts, stone sculpture and a career in sociology and body-based psychotherapy. Born in Montreal, Canada, in 1949, she has lived on the Big Island of Hawai'i since 1986.She is the main author at Vajrayana World blog: https://www.vajrayanaworld.com/orld blog: https://www.vajrayanaworld.com/)
Bla chen dpyal + (Lachen Jel (bla chen dpyal) was one of the … Lachen Jel (bla chen dpyal) was one of the Ten Men of U and Tsang during the later spread of the doctrine in Tibet. His outer activity and inner spiritual accomplishment was unrivaled. He became the head ornament of all scholars. He possessed all inconceivable great superior qualities of Body, Speech and Mind. Even a being dwelling on the bhumis had difficulty communicating with him, needless to say ordinary beings. For the ordinary beings, buddha activity was too difficult to fathom; however he realized it effortlessly. His first greatness was his heavenly descended caste. He renowned as Jel (dpyal) after descending from heaven, therefore his second greatness was meaning of the name. His third greatness was his noble mother lineage— his mother traveled to Five-Peaks Mountain, and was related to the King of China. The fourth greatness— he was the dharmic minister of the manifested Dharma Kings (chos rgyal gyi chos slun), and the grandchild of the ruler of gods and humans. His fifth greatness was his phenomenal transmission— he received the great, middle and small transmission from the manifested Dharma King. His sixth greatness was that he had the most eminent interdependent causes and conditions—for example, the virtuous royal-brother bestowed him the sacred shrine. His seventh greatness was that he appropriately approached the Secret Mantrayana, the profound tantric doctrine, and Vajra Vehicle, and he was the escort of the King with signs of realization and magical powers. His eighth greatness was his well-learned knowledge— he built many temples in center of Myang Ro (myang ro) village in Tsang and visited the noble land of India. He overcame countless difficulties and requested extraordinary teachings from perfected and authentic scholars, and also brought the practice to completion. His ninth greatness was being able to auto-translate the excellent doctrine—he requested numerous sutras and tantras from perfected and authentic scholars and translated them properly; also he attained mastery in meditative power by attaining the imperishable breath of dharmic sky-goers. Since he became a being of the field of forbearance, he benefited all beings for as long as samsara is not emptied—this continuous lineage of the ten directions illuminating the demonstration that transcended all directions, was his tenth greatness. (Source: [[Dpyal gyi gdung rabs za ra tshags dang gang gA'i chu rgyun gnyis gcig tu bris pa kun gsal me long bzhugs so|དཔྱལ་གྱི་གདུང་རབས་ཟ་ར་ཚགས་དང་གང་གཱའི་ཆུ་རྒྱུན་གཉིས་གཅིག་ཏུ་བྲིས་པ་ཀུན་གསལ་མེ་ལོང་]])ung rabs za ra tshags dang gang gA'i chu rgyun gnyis gcig tu bris pa kun gsal me long bzhugs so|དཔྱལ་གྱི་གདུང་རབས་ཟ་ར་ཚགས་དང་གང་གཱའི་ཆུ་རྒྱུན་གཉིས་གཅིག་ཏུ་བྲིས་པ་ཀུན་གསལ་མེ་ལོང་]]))
Lai, W. + (Lai Wai-lun was born on July 8, 1944 in Ca … Lai Wai-lun was born on July 8, 1944 in Canton, People's Republic China. He is Professor Emeritus of Religious Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of California, Davis. He was a Fellow of the United Board of Xian Higher Education from 1964–1968 at Harvard University, Yenching, a Kent Fellow from 1969–1974, and he is a member of the Society for the Study of Chinese Religions at the Harvard Center for the Study of World Religions. ([https://terebess.hu/zen/mesterek/WhalenLai.html Source Accessed Jan 20, 2020])lenLai.html Source Accessed Jan 20, 2020]))
Jabb, Lama + (Lama Jabb was born and brought up in a nom … Lama Jabb was born and brought up in a nomadic community in Northeastern Tibet and received formal education in Tibet, India and the UK. In 2013 he completed his DPhil on Modern Tibetan Literature and the Inescapable Nation at the University of Oxford.He is fascinated by the ways in which both the past and living traditions shape contemporary Tibet. He explores the intertextual nature of Tibetan literature by, among other things, examining the complex interplay between the Tibetan literary text and oral traditions. He also has a keen interest in the theory and practice of translation and produces his own original translations.Currently he is studying the unexplored genre of Tibetan bird stories within its broader cultural framework focusing particularly on a volume called ''The Treasury of Intellect: Narrating the Worldly tale of the Winged Ones'', that fuses Tibetan oral and literary arts.Junior Research Fellow in Tibetan and Himalayan Studies, Wolfson College([https://www.wolfson.ox.ac.uk/lama-jabb Source])'''Publications:''' *2015 “Tibet’s Critical Tradition and Modern Tibetan Literature”. In Jim Rheingans (ed), Tibetan Literary Genres, Texts, and Text Types: from Genre Classification to Transformation. (PIATS 12), Leiden, Boston: Bill, pp. 231-269.*2015 “A Poem-song on the Perfect Tibetan Physician”. In C. Ramble and U. Roesler (eds), Tibetan & Himalayan Healing: An Anthology for Anthony Aris. Kathmandu: Vajra Books, pp. 417-433.*2014 “The Hungry Bandit: The Ballad of Yidak Kela”. In The Tibet Journal, Vol. XXXIX, No.1, pp. 95-120.*2012 “Agir et s’exprimer au travers de la poésie tibétaine modern”. In Monde Chinois, nouvelle Asie, No 31, pp. 78-86.*2012 “Singing the Nation: Modern Tibetan Music and National Identity”. In Tim Myatt et al (eds), Revisiting Tibetan Culture and History. Dharamsala: Amnye Machen Institute, pp. 1-29. This essay was first published online in Revue d’Etudes Tibetaines, No. 21 (Oct 2011), pp. 1-29.*2011 “The Consciousness of the past in the creativity of the present: Modern Tibetan Literature and Social Change”. In International Journal of Asian Studies, No 8, 1, pp. 89-95. '''Books:'''*2015 Oral and Literary Continuities in Modern Tibetan Literature: The Inescapable Nation. New York: Lexington Books.*2009 Studies in the History of Eastern Tibet. Edited with Wim Van Spengen.the History of Eastern Tibet. Edited with Wim Van Spengen.)
Hookham, S. + (Lama Shenpen Hookham is the founding Lama … Lama Shenpen Hookham is the founding Lama of the [https://buddhawithin.org.uk/about/ Awakened Heart Sangha] and principle teacher of the [https://ahs.org.uk/training Living the Awakened Heart training].Lama Shenpen has trained for over 50 years in the Mahamudra & Dzogchen traditions of Tibetan Buddhism. She has spent over 12 years in retreat and has been a student of Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche, one of the foremost living masters of the Kagyu tradition of Tibetan Buddhism, since the late 70s.Lama Shenpen is fluent in Tibetan and has translated a number of Tibetan texts into English for her students. On Khenpo Rinpoche’s instructions she produced a seminal study of the profound Buddha Nature doctrines of Mahayana Buddhism, published as ''The Buddha Within'', and gained a doctorate in this from Oxford University. She is also the author of ''[https://www.windhorsepublications.com/product/theres-more-to-dying-than-death/ There’s More to Dying than Death]'', ''[https://buddhawithin.org.uk/autobiography/ Keeping the Dalai Lama Waiting and Other Stories]'', and ''[https://www.shambhala.com/the-guru-principle.html The Guru Principle]''.([https://ahs.org.uk/lama-shenpen Source Accessed July 21, 2020])k/lama-shenpen Source Accessed July 21, 2020]))

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