Clean Property BiographicalInfo
| BiographicalInfo | Bio | |
|---|---|---|
| 'ba' ra ba ngag dbang ye shes | ||
| 'dul 'dzin grags pa rgyal mtshan | ||
| 'jad pa slob dpon ston skyabs | ||
| 'jag chen byams pa dpal | ||
| 'jag chung blo gros dpal | ||
| 'jag chung kun dga' dpal bzang | ||
| 'jam dbyangs nam mkha' rgyal mtshan | Held the position of Sakya Tridzin from 1421-1441. | |
| 'jam dpal sgeg pa'i rdo rje | ||
| 'jam mgon kong sprul blo gros mtha' yas pa'i sde | ||
| 'jigs med dam chos rgya mtsho | ||
| 'jigs med grags pa phyogs las rnam rgyal | 15th century | |
| 'o la jo sras | ||
| (Myoren) Alvin R. Montañez Schilansky | Myoren has studied religions and philosophies from around the world from an early age. But it was not until he began studying Martial Arts that he became interested in Buddhism. He is co-founder of Chinsei Hikari Bukkyo Kai, an organization based on Tendai Buddhism, whose mission is to bring the teachings of the Buddha to all Spanish-speakers of the Caribbean and Latin America. He is also the founder and leader of the Sangha of the Tendai Temple of Puerto Rico.
He graduated with a Bachelor's Degree (BA) in Journalism and Psychology (with a minor in Advertising) from the Universidad del Sagrado Corazón; a Juris Doctor (JD) from the Inter-American University of Puerto Rico; a Master's Degree (MA) in Comparative Theology; a Diploma in Chaplaincy and Ministerial Counseling; and a Doctoral degree (Th.D.) in Theology from the Puerto Rican Theological Seminary. He is also a professional translator. He is currently a lawyer and Buddhist Priest, Interfaith Minister and Master of Martial Arts. He specializes in the teachings of the Lotus Sutra and Pure Land, giving university classes, lectures and talks throughout the Island. He has published several books on Buddhism and Martial Arts such as The Tree of Enlightenment and Ninja: The Philosophy of Perseverance. (Source Accessed Apr 6, 2021) | |
| 14th Shamarpa Mipham Chökyi Lodrö | The 14th Shamarpa, Mipham Chokyi Lodro, passed away aged 61 on 11th June 2014. February 15, 2020: Karmapas Work Together to Identify Reincarnated Lama: Shamar Rimpoche remained with the 16th Karmapa until his death in 1981. He received the entire cycle of Kagyu teachings from the 16th Karmapa. Since the 16th Karmapa’s death in 1981, Shamar Rimpoche has devoted his efforts to the many projects initiated by the late 16th Karmapa. He has completed the reprinting of the “Tengyur” a body of two hundred and fourteen volumes in which prominent Indian and Tibetan masters elucidate the teachings given by the historical Buddha Shakyamuni. Shamar Rimpoche also supports and offers guidance to Rumtek Monastery, the seat of H. H. the sixteenth Karmapa. He co-founded and brought into being the Karmapa International Buddhist Institute, New Delhi, India. The Institute currently offers courses in Buddhist studies for both monastic and lay students. | |
| A kya yongs 'dzin dbyangs can dga' ba'i blo gros | ||
| A wa d+hU ti | ||
| A. Charles Muller | A. Charles Muller (born September 19, 1953) is an academic specializing in Korean Buddhism and East Asian Yogacara, having published numerous books and articles on these topics. He is a resident of Japan, currently teaching at Musashino University. He is one of the earliest and most prolific developers of online research resources for the field of Buddhist Studies, being the founder and managing editor of the online Digital Dictionary of Buddhism, the CJKV-English Dictionary, and the H-Buddhism Scholars Information Network, along with having digitized and published numerous reference works.
Muller's academic study of Buddhism began as an undergraduate at Stony Brook University, where he majored in Religious Studies under the guidance of Sung Bae Park, a specialist in Seon and Korean Buddhism. After graduating, he spent two years studying in Japan, after which he spent one year in the graduate program in Religious Studies at the University of Virginia. In 1988, he left UVa to return to Stony Brook, where he completed a PhD in Comparative literature, once again with Sung Bae Park as his principal advisor. He also studied Christian Theology with Peter Manchester, Islam with William Chittick, and Postmodern literary criticism with Michael Sprinker and Hugh Silverman. His dissertation, "Hamhŏ Kihwa: A Study of His Major Works," was accepted in 1993, after which he spent six months in Korea as a research associate at the Academy of Korean Studies, before taking up an academic position in Japan, at Toyo Gakuen University. From 1994 to 2008, Muller taught courses in philosophy and religion at Toyo Gakuen University, during which time he published numerous books and articles on Korean Buddhism, Zen, East Asian Yogacara, and Confucianism. While active in numerous academic organizations such as the American Academy of Religion and the Japanese Association for Indian and Buddhist Studies, he also became known as one of leading figures in the creation of online research resources. In 1995, he set up his web site called Resources for East Asian Language and Thought (still in active service today), featuring online lexicons, indexes, bibliographies, and translations of classical texts. In 1996, he started the Budschol listserv for the academic study of Buddhism, which would, in 2000, become part of H-Net, under the name of H-Buddhism, the central internet organ for communication among scholars of Buddhism. He also initiated two major dictionary projects, the Digital Dictionary of Buddhism and the CJKV-E Dictionary, which have become basic reference works for the field of Buddhist and East Asian studies, subscribed to by universities around the world. His work in the area of online reference works and digitization led him into the field of Digital Humanities, with his principal area of expertise lying in the handling of literary documents using XML and XSLT. In 2008, Muller was invited to join the Faculty of Humanities at the University of Tokyo, where he taught courses in Digital Humanities, Chinese Philosophy, and Korean Philosophy and Religion. He retired from UTokyo in March 2019 and moved to Musashino University, where he is director of the Institute of Buddhist culture and teaches courses in Buddhist Studies. (Source Accessed July 21, 2021) | |
| A. F. Price | A. F. Price was a notable translator of Buddhist texts, particularly known for his work on Zen Buddhist scriptures.
A. F. Price, along with Wong Mou-Lam, translated several important Buddhist texts, including The Diamond Sutra and The Sutra of Hui-neng. His translations are highly regarded for their clarity and fidelity to the original texts, making these ancient scriptures accessible to a wider audience. | |
| Aalto, P. | ||
| Aaron K. Koseki | Aaron K. Koseki received his PhD in Buddhist Studies from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1977 under the supervision of Minoru Kiyota. His dissertation is entitled "Chi-tsang's Ta-ch'eng-hsüan-lun: The Two Truths and the Buddha-Nature." Some of his articles include: "Prajñāpāramitā and the Buddhahood of the Non-Sentient World: The San-Lun Assimilation of Buddha-Nature and Middle Path Doctrine," Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 3/1 (1980), "Later Mādhyamika in China: Some Current Perspectives on the History of Chinese Prajñāpāramitā Thought," Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 5/2 (1982), "Chi-tsang's Sheng-man pao-k'u: The True Dharma Doctrine and the Bodhisattva Ideal," Philosophy East and West 34, no. 1, (1984), "The concept of practice in San Lun thought: Chi-tsang and the 'concurrent insight' of the Two Truths," Philosophy East and West 31, no. 4, (1981), and a review of Minoru Kiyota's book Shingon Buddhism: Theory and Practice, Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 1/2 (1979). | |
| Aaron Schultz | Aaron Schultz is a Ph.D. candidate at Binghamton University. He specializes in Buddhist philosophy and the problem of punishment. He has a passion for teaching and strives to show his students how to think critically and analytically about all things, so that they can better navigate through their lives. (Source Accessed Jan 18, 2021) | |
| Abadjieva, I. | ||
| Abbott, T. | ||
| Abboud, G. | Gerardo Abboud was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and starting in the early 1970s, lived in India and Nepal for fourteen years. Since 1986, Abboud has been president of the Dongyuling Center, Argentina, which offers free teachings on Buddhist theory and practice. He is the English interpreter for several Kagyu lamas and since 1992 has served as the Dalai Lama’s interpreter in Latin America. | |
| Abels, J. | ||
| Abelson, B. | ||
| Abeysekara, A. | ||
| Abhayadatta | Abhayadatta Sri (also known as Abhayadattaśrī or Abhayadāna) was a 12th-century Indian Buddhist monk notable for composing the Caturaśītisiddhapravrtti (The Lives of the Eighty-Four Mahāsiddhas) which detailed the backgrounds of the mahāsiddhas who were tantric masters. His work was later translated into Tibetan. His story on the lives of the mahāsiddhas was influential in showing their highly unconventional paths to achieving realization. He was a native of Campara which has been identified with modern day Champaran district in Bihar, India. He was also a disciple of Vajrasana who was one of the last great siddhas of the eleventh century. (Source Accessed Oct 17, 2024) | |
| Abhayākaragupta | ||
| Abhinavagupta | ||
| Abhyankar, K.V. | ||
| Abraham Zablocki | Teaching and Scholarly InterestsProfessor Zablocki teaches courses on Buddhism and other Asian religions, as well as the anthropology of religion, religion and theory, and Asian studies (with particular attention to Tibet and South Asia). His research focuses on contemporary globalization of Buddhism and on the transnational transformation of Tibetan religion, culture, and politics. Professional ActivitiesProfessor Zablocki's essay "The Taiwanese Connection: Politics, Piety, and Patronage in Transnational Tibetan Buddhism" appears in Buddhism Between Tibet and China, Matthew Kapstein, ed. (Wisdom Publications, 2009). He also co-edited (with Nalini Bhushan and Jay Garfield) TransBuddhism: Transmission, Translation and Transformation (University of Massachusetts Press, 2009); he co-authored the Introduction (with Bhushan) and contributed a chapter entitled "Transnational Tulkus: The Globalization of Tibetan Buddhist Reincarnation." His book, Global Mandala: The Transformation of Tibetan Buddhism in Exile, is forthcoming from University of Hawaii Press. (Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023) | |
| Achan Sermchai Jayamaṅgalo | The Most Venerable Phra Thepyanmongkol was born on 6 March 1929. While he was a layman, he worked as a research specialist at the United States Information Services (USIS) in Bangkok. Also, he was a visiting lecturer in research methodology, research and evaluation, and public opinion surveys to various academic institutions in Thailand. Sermchai began practicing meditation in 1970. After he made an attainment according to the Dhammakaya Meditation, he furthered his meditation to the advanced level with the Most Venerable Master Phrarajbrahmathera (Veera Kanuttamo), the vice abbot and head of Vipassana Meditation department of Wat Paknam in Bangkok, who studied the superknowledge of Dhammakaya directly with the Most Venerable Grand Master Phramongkolthepmuni (Luang Por Wat Paknam). After his achievement in meditation, Sermchai entered Buddhist monkhood on 6 March 1986. As a Buddhist monk, he spent years studying Buddhist doctrine and Pali language until he completed the advanced level of Dhamma study and level six of Pali curriculum. In 1991, he established Wat Luang Phor Sodh Dhammakayaram to be a center for Dhamma study and meditation practice in Rajaburi Province. In 1996, he became a certified Buddhist preceptor. As a recognition to his works which benefit Buddhism and the society, Venerable Sermchai was promoted for the first time to the ecclesiastical title of Phra Bhavana Visutthikhun in 1998. In 2004, he was promoted to the title of Phra Rajyanvisith. He was promoted again to the higher ecclesiastical title of Phra Thepyanmongkol in 2011. Throughout years of his monkhood, the Most Venerable Sermchai has promoted Dhamma study and Dhammakaya Meditation practice in order to create peace among human societies. With his qualified knowledge gained from the modern education system and profession as well as knowledge about Dhamma doctrine and meditation experience, the Most Venerable Sermchai has authored many books on Buddhism and meditation. In addition, as the abbot of Wat Luang Phor Sodh Dhammakayaram, he has organized meditation retreat and training for both Thais and foreigners. Venerable Master Sermchai initiated many projects which benefit Buddhism and the propagation of Dhammakaya Meditation which includes the establishment of Buddhist college located within the area of his temple in Rajaburi Provice. Consequently, with his work achievement and qualification, in July 2018, Venerable Master Sermchai (Phrathepyanmongkol) was granted the title of 'Associate Professor' by Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University (MCU) which is the prominent Buddhist University in Thailand. (Source Accessed Apr 4, 2022) | |
| Achara Marpo | Cyrus Stearns (Luminous Lives, page 52) says that this is another name for someone named Gayadhara who is a tantric lay practitioner from "India". | |
| Achard, J-L. | I have followed a training in Tibetan Studies first at the INALCO and then at the EPHE (Sorbonne) where I attended the seminaries by Anne-Marie Blondeau, a specialist in Bon and rNying ma gter ma literature. Since 1999 I have become a researcher at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) in Paris and am a member of Centre de Recherches sur les Civilisations de l'Asie Orientale (CRCAO). Among other academic duties, I am a member of the scientific committee of the Institut d'Etudes Tibétaines (IET) of the Collège de France (Paris), as well as the founder and director of the Revue d'Etudes Tibétaines (RET) which is available for free on the Digital Himalaya website from the Cambridge University: http://www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/journals/ret/
See also: https://khyungmkhar.blogspot.com/2018/02/choying-no-20.html (Source Accessed Feb 26, 2018) | |
| Acharya Buddharakkhita | Acharya Buddharakkhita (1922-2013) was a Buddhist monk and prolific writer who established the Maha Bodhi Society of Bangalore and its sister bodies. It was inspired by the Maha Bodhi Society of Anagarika Dharmapala, but is functionally independent. He was born in Imphal, Manipur, in 1922. His parents were Vishnupada and Sailavaladevi Bandopadhyaya. 1942, he took part in the Quit India Movement.
He joined the Indian defence services after his graduation from the Institute of Engineering Technology, Calcutta. He participated in World War II, after which he resigned to find truth and freedom. He became a monk in 1948. He travelled all over India and also taught in Sri Lanka and Burma. Finally he established the Maha Bodhi Society in Bangalore to propagate Buddhism. In 1952, Moonasinghe, niece of the Venerable Anagarika Dhammapala Maha Upasika —a well-known Buddhist in Bangalore, known to the Maharaja donated him a land for Maha Bodhi Society. He also established schools, hostels, hospitals and an artificial limb centre for the society. He had written 150 books and published two periodicals. He was honored with Abhidhaja Aggamaha Saddhammajotika award by the Myanmar government. He died at Maha Bodhi Society, Bangalore, on 23 September 2013. (Source Accessed Mar 23, 2019) | |
| Acharya Karma Monlam | Acharya Karma Monlam is a Tibetan scholar and linguist known for his expertise in Tibetan, Hindi, and English languages. He has made significant contributions to Tibetan language preservation and education.
Acharya Karma Monlam served as the head of the Publication Department at the Department of Education of the Central Tibetan Administration. In this role, he was involved in various important projects:
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| Acharya Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen | Acharya Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen is core faculty at Nitartha Institute and recently retired from Naropa University.
Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen was born in Trakar, Nepal, near the Tibetan border. He completed 10 years of traditional scholastic training at Karma Shri Nalanda Institute at Rumtek Monastery, Sikkim, India, graduating as acharya with honours (graduated in the same class as Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche). This was followed by traditional yogic training in the first three-year retreat to be conducted at Jamgon Kongtrul Rinpoche's monastery in Pullahari, Nepal. Following the advice of Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche, Lama Tenpa taught at various Kagyu centers in Europe (Teksum Tashi Choling in Hamburg, Germany), at Nitartha, and centers in Canada. In 2004 he moved to Boulder, CO and began teaching at Naropa University. He retired from Naropa in 2020. Learn more about Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen on the Nitartha faculty page and at Nalandabodhi. | |
| Acharya Vajrayudha | ||
| Acharya, D. | ||
| Achim Bayer | Professor Achim Bayer teaches Buddhism at Kanazawa Seiryo University, Japan. His main fields of research are tantric Buddhism, Abhidharma systematics and Buddhist ethics. | |
| Achok Rinpoche | ||
| Acri, A. | ||
| Acutt, M. | ||
| Adam Krug | Adam’s dissertation, "The Seven Siddhi Texts: The Oḍiyāna Mahāmudrā Lineage in its Indic and Tibetan Contexts," focuses on an early corpus of Vajrayāna Buddhist texts that came to be known in Nepal and Tibet as part of a larger canon of Indian works on ‘the great seal’ or mahāmudrā. In addition to providing text-critical historical analyses of these works, his dissertation focuses on larger issues such as a revaluation of demonology as an analytic paradigm for critical historical research in South Asian religions, inter-sectarian dynamics in the formulation of the Vajrayāna, and practical canonicity and curriculum in tantric Buddhist textual communities. His recently published work is titled "Pakpa’s Verses on Governance in Advice to Prince Jibik Temür: A Jewel Rosary," published in a special issue of Cahiers d’Extrême-Asie on Kingship, Ritual, and Narrative in Tibet and the Surrounding Cultural Area by The French Institute of Asian Studies (École française d’Extrême-Orient). He has received two U.S. State Department research grants through the Fulbright-Nehru Student Research Fellowship program and the Council of American Overseas Research Centers, and is currently a lecturer in Religious Studies at the University of Colorado, Boulder. (Source Accessed June 18, 2021) | |
| Adam S. Pearcey | Adam S. Pearcey is the founder-director of Lotsāwa House, a virtual library of translations from Tibetan. His publications include (as co-translator) Mind in Comfort and Ease by His Holiness the Dalai Lama (Wisdom Publications, 2007); Ga Rabjampa’s To Dispel the Misery of the World (Wisdom Publications, 2012), which he translated at the suggestion of the late Khenchen Appey Rinpoche; and Beyond the Ordinary Mind: Dzogchen Advice from Rimé Masters (Snow Lion, 2018). A partial list of the many translations he has published online can be found here.
Adam first encountered Tibetan Buddhism in 1994 when he taught English at two monasteries near Darjeeling in India. He went on to study at the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in London; the Rangjung Yeshe Institute in Kathmandu, where he also taught Tibetan and served as an interpreter; the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives in Dharamsala; Oxford University, where he earned a Master’s degree in Oriental Studies; and again at SOAS, where he completed his PhD with a thesis entitled A Greater Perfection? Scholasticism, Comparativism and Issues of Sectarian Identity in Early 20th Century Writings on rDzogs-chen. In 2018 he was a senior teaching fellow at SOAS, lecturing on Buddhist philosophy and critical approaches to Buddhist Studies. (Source Accessed Feb 10, 2020) | |
| Adam T. Miller | Adam Tyler Miller is a PhD candidate in the History of Religions at the University of Chicago, Divinity School. His dissertation is tentatively entitled "Under the Precious Banner: A Mahāyāna Affective Regime at Gilgit" (Committee: Christian K. Wedemeyer, Dan Arnold, and Natalie D. Gummer). He completed his MA in Religious Studies at the University of Missouri-Columbia, writing the thesis entitled "The Buddha Said That Buddha Said So: A Translation and Analysis of "Pūrvayogaparivarta" from the Ratnaketu Dhāraṇī Sūtra. | |
| Adams, V. | ||
| Adcock, C. | ||
| Adelheid Hermann-Pfandt | Dr. Adelheid Hermann-Pfandt is a professor of Religious Studies at Philipps University of Marburg. His main areas of study include, the History of religions in India and Tibet, religious art, iconography of Tibetan Buddhism, religion in Indian film, religious studies on women and gender, religion and violence, and destructive cults.
Born 1955 in Göttingen. 1975-1983 studied religious and intellectual history, religious studies, history, classical philology, Indology, Tibetology and Indian art history in Erlangen and Bonn. 1983 Magister Artium (Religious Studies, Modern History, Tibetology) with the work Investigations into the religious history and mythology of the Dakinis in the Indo-Tibetan region. 1990 PhD in Bonn (religious studies, Indology, Tibetology) with the dissertation Dakinis: On the position and symbolism of the female in tantric Buddhism (published in 1992 by Indica et Tibetica Verlag, Bonn). 1991-1994 Research Assistant in the Department of Indology/Tibetology at the University of Marburg. 1994ff. Lectureships at the Universities of Bremen, Marburg, Hanover, Göttingen, Frankfurt am Main, Fribourg/Switzerland, Siegen. 1999 year-long intensive study of colloquial Tibetan at the Manjushree Center of Tibetan Culture in Darjeeling, India. 2001 Habilitation in Marburg in the subject of religious studies with the work A source study of esoteric (tantric) Buddhism in India from the beginnings to the 9th century. 2002 Appointment as private lecturer for religious studies at the Philipps University of Marburg. 2004 Collaboration in the DFG project "Destiny Interpretation and Lifestyle in Japanese Religions" (Prof. Dr. Michael Pye, Marburg). 2006-2008 Planning and management of the special exhibition "Tibet in Marburg" in the religious studies collection of the University of Marburg, including publication of the catalogue. 2009 Appointment as adjunct professor for religious studies at the Philipps University of Marburg. 2009 Käthe-Leichter visiting professor for women's and gender studies in the field of religions in South Asia and Tibet at the Institute for South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies at the University of Vienna. 2009-2014 research grant from the Horst and Käthe Eliseit Foundation, Essen, for the project "Comparative studies on rNying ma pa iconography". (Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022) | |
| Adeu Rinpoche | The Eighth Adeu Rinpoche was born on the fourth day of the 12th Tibetan month in the Iron Horse year of the fifteenth calendrical cycle, in the middle of a freezing winter. As the 16th Karmapa and the Eighth Choegon Rinpoche recognized the child as the authentic reincarnation of the Seventh Adeu Rinpoche, he was taken to Tsechu Gompa for enthronement at the age of seven. Immediately after this, he began his traditional education in writing, calligraphy, poetry, astrology, mandala painting, spiritual practice and text recitation. At the same time, the young Adeu Rinpoche also received many teachings and pith-instructions based on the old and new traditions, but primarily on the Drukpa lineage from the Eighth Choegon Rinpoche, Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö and many other great masters. After this, Rinpoche entered into a seven-year retreat, during which he practised the sadhanas of different deities and trained in tsa-lung, following the Six Yogas of Naropa and the liberating Mahamudra mind-training practices. He also learnt philosophy. Adeu Rinpoche later wrote a precise commentary on the three sets of vows, the root of heart-essence of Nyingmapa lineage, and on the various mandala deities.
In 1958, all the sacred texts, statues and precious objects were completely destroyed, and Rinpoche was imprisoned for fifteen years. Although Adeu Rinpoche suffered a great deal, the period in prison gave him an opportunity to meet many accomplished masters, who had also been imprisoned, especially Khenpo Munsel from whom he received instructions on Dzogchen, and under whose guidance, he practised the rare and precious teachings of the aural lineage (Nyengyü) of the Nyingma school, and studied the various Nyingmapa terma teachings. Adeu Rinpoche was an extremely important master of the Drukpa Kagyü lineage, especially following the Cultural Revolution, during which many great Drukpa lineage masters passed away. When teachings of the Drukpa lineage were faced with extinction, Adeu Rinpoche was the only remaining lineage holder of the Khampa tradition of the Drukpa lineage. At the end of 1980, Adeu Rinpoche went to Tashi Jong in India to pass on the entire lineage of the Khampa Drukpa tradition to the present Khamtrul Rinpoche Dongyü Nyima, Choegon Rinpoche Choekyi Wangchuk and many other great tulkus of the Drukpa lineage. In 1990, Adeu Rinpoche also gave the complete empowerments of the Drukpa lineage to the local tulkus in Nangchen. About 51 tulkus and 1600 monks and nuns were present to receive the empowerments and oral transmissions. In this way, Adeu Rinpoche became the main lineage master of the Khampa Drukpa tradition for all the Drukpa tulkus. Thereafter, Adeu Rinpoche went to Bhutan and exchanged initiations with Je Khenpo, Jigme Chodrak Rinpoche, Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche and many other enlightened masters, thus becoming a representative of the Drukpa lineage. Adeu Rinpoche also took responsibility for restoring Tsechu Gompa, and at the same time collecting, correcting and editing all the Drukpa teachings, tantras and practices. Adeu Rinpoche passed away in July 2007, in Nangchen, Tibet. His reincarnation has recently been identified, in Tibet, by Choegon Rinpoche Chökyi Senge. (Source:[1]) | |
| Adhe Tapontsang | Ama Adhe Tapontsang is a native of the Kham region of eastern Tibet, where she spent a happy childhood, and is an activist dedicated to securing the much-needed freedom of her country. Imprisoned for twenty-seven years for her resistance activities following the invasion of her country by the Chinese Communists in the 1950s, she faced inhuman torture and deprivation. Following her release, she left in 1987 for India, where she now lives in Dharamsala. The Voice That Remembers is the story of her life. (Source: Wisdom Publications) | |
| Adrian O'Sullivan | Adrian O'Sullivan has been a student of Lama Jampa Thaye for over two decades and is a director of the Sakya Samten Ling Buddhist centre in Santa Monica, California. His previous translations include Tsarchen Losal Gyamtso's Opening the Door to Precious Accomplishments (2005), Telescope of Wisdom (2009) and The Lamp that Dispels Darkness (2013), the latter two being translations of commentaries composed by the great Sakya and Karma Kagyu master Karma Thinley Rinpoche. (Source Accessed Jan 8, 2021) | |
| Advaitavadini Kaul | Dr. Advaitavadini Kaul is Editor in the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA) in New Delhi. Here, she is mainly responsible for the preparation of two fundamental series of publications, viz., the Kalatattvakosa (a lexicon of Indian Art Concepts) and the Kalamulasastra (fundamental texts on Indian Arts). She has edited the fourth volume of the Kalatattvakosa series on Manifestation of Nature. She is also an associate editor of the fifth volume on Form/Shape. Basically an M.A. (Sanskrit) and Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) Dr. Kaul has already published her book: Buddhist Savants of Kashmir: Their Contribution Abroad. Her next book on Kashmir's Contribution to Buddhism in Central Asia is forthcoming. She has contributed several research papers to various national/international conferences where her main interest remains to unravel perennial traditions with special emphasis upon the traditions prevalent in Kashmir. (Source Accessed Aug 31, 2021) | |
| Adzi Norbu Wangyal | A student of Ju Mipam Jamyang Namgyal Gyatso. | |
| Adzom Drukpa Drodul Pawo Dorje | ||
| Adzom Gyalse Rikzin Gyurme Dorje | Adzom Gyalse Gyurme Dorje (Tib. ཨ་འཛོམ་རྒྱལ་སྲས་འགྱུར་མེད་རྡོ་རྗེ་, Wyl. a 'dzom rgyal sras 'gyur med rdo rje) aka Agyur Rinpoche (Wyl. a 'gyur rin po che) (1895-1969) — the third son and student of Adzom Drukpa. He was recognized by Jamgön Kongtrul as an emanation of Orgyen Terdak Lingpa.
Adzom Gyalse Gyurme Dorje was the third son and student of Adzom Drukpa Drodul Pawo Dorje. His mother was Tashi Lhamo (Tib. bkra shis lha mo), the daughter of a popular merchant named Budo (Tib. bum dos), who became Adzom Drukpa’s spiritual wife at the recommendation of Jamgön Kongtrul. While regarded as the incarnation of several eminent master, Adzom Gyalse was recognised as the incarnation of Minling Terchen Gyurme Dorje. Adzom Drukpa oversaw the spiritual education of Adzom Gyalse and transmitted to him especially his own terma treasures and the teachings of the Great Perfection such as the Longchen Nyingtik and the Chetsün Nyingtik. These in turn became also the main focus of Adzom Gyalse’s study and practice. Thus Adzom Gyalse rose to become of the main holders of the lineage and transmission of the Great Perfection teachings. Adzom Gyalse took over the legacy of his father and became responsible for, the by his father in 1886 established, Adzom Gar (Tib. A ’dzom gar).[2] Unlike his father, Adzom Gyalse took monastic ordination and remained a monk throughout his entire life. He further developed and expanded Adzom Gar and became its main teacher and holder. While Adzom Gyalse had the potential to become a great tertön he decided to focused instead on the preservation and continuation of existing practices and teachings. In 1958, Adzom Gyalse was arrested and put in prison where he gave teachings to his fellow inmates. He passed away in 1969 with many miraculous signs, and left a letter predicting the date and place of his future rebirth and the names of his future parents. In accordance with this letter, Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche recognised a child born in Bhutan in 1980 as the reincarnation of Adzom Gyalse Gyurme Dorje. This child became a monk at Shechen Monastery and received numerous teachings and initiations from Khyentse Rinpoche. (Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022) | |
| Agostini, G. | ||
| Aguilar, O. | Born in Barcelona in 1965, Oriol Aguilar received his Ph.D in cultural anthrolopogy from the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona in 2005. Focusing on religious studies, particularly the Buddhism of Tibet, he studied Tibetan language in Barcelona and Paris (École Pratique des Hautes Études) and trained in translation with the Shang Shung Institute. He met Chögyal Namkhai Norbu in 1987, and since 1998 has collaborated with Shang Shung Publications as a member of the International Publications Committee (IPC) of the Dzogchen Community on the publication, particularly in the Spanish editions, of the teachings of Chögyal Namkhai Norbu, including translations from Tibetan. [2] | |
| Ahmad, Z. | Zahiruddln Ahmad was a Senior Lecturer in the Department of History at La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia. He is the author of several books on Tibetan history, including China and Tibet, 1708-1959 (Oxford University Press, 1960); Tibet and Ladakh: A History (Chatto & Windus, 1963); Sino-Tibetan Relations in the 17th Century (Istituto Italiano per il Medio ed Estremo Oriente, 1970); Life of the Fifth Dalai Lama, Vol. IV, Part I (International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 1999); An introduction to Buddhist Philosophy in India and Tibet (International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 2007); The Song of the Queen of Spring (International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 2008); and The Historical Status of China in Tibet (Aditya Prakashan, 2012). He is also the author of numerous articles on Tibetan history and related subjects. | |
| Ahmadinia, D. | ||
| Aiken, B. | ||
| Aiming, Z. | ||
| Ajahn Chah | Chah Subhaddo (Thai: ชา สุภัทโท, known in English as Ajahn Chah, occasionally with honorific titles Luang Por and Phra) also known by his honorific name "Phra Bodhiñāṇathera" (Thai: พระโพธิญาณเถร, Chao Khun Bodhinyana Thera; 17 June 1918 – 16 January 1992) was a Thai Buddhist monk. He was an influential teacher of the Buddhadhamma and a founder of two major monasteries in the Thai Forest Tradition.
Respected and loved in his own country as a man of great wisdom, he was also instrumental in establishing Theravada Buddhism in the West. Beginning in 1979 with the founding of Cittaviveka (commonly known as Chithurst Buddhist Monastery) in the United Kingdom, the Forest Tradition of Ajahn Chah has spread throughout Europe, the United States and the British Commonwealth. The dhamma talks of Ajahn Chah have been recorded, transcribed and translated into several languages. More than one million people, including the Thai royal family, attended Ajahn Chah's funeral in January 1993[5] held a year after his death due to the "hundreds of thousands of people expected to attend".[3] He left behind a legacy of dhamma talks, students, and monasteries. (Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023) | |
| Akester, M. | SIT BIO: Matthew Akester, Lecturer and Faculty Advisor Matthew is a translator of classical and modern literary Tibetan with 25 years of fieldwork experience as an independent researcher throughout the Tibetan world. His discipline is history, both religious and political history, which corresponds with the program’s double specialization. Matthew's special interests include the history of Lhasa, the life and times of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, historical geography of central Tibet, and history and memoir in occupied Tibet. His published book-length translations include The Life of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo by Jamgon Kongtrul (Shechen Publications 2012); Memories of Life in Lhasa Under Chinese Rule by Tubten Khetsun (Columbia University Press 2008, Penguin India 2009); and The Temples of Lhasa (with Andre Alexander, Serindia Publications 2005). In addition, he has worked as active consultant and contributor for the Tibet Information Network, Human Rights Watch, Tibet Heritage Fund, and Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center; as translator, editor, and advisor for countless publications on Tibet in English, French, and Tibetan; and as lecturer on contemporary Tibet for student programs including SIT in Nepal and India. (SOURCE) | |
| Akhu Ching Sherab Gyatso | ||
| Akira Hirakawa | Born in Toyohashi City in Aichi Prefecture on January 21, 1915, Hirakawa studied as an undergraduate and then graduate student (1939-1945) at the Department of Indian Philosophy and Sanskrit Philology, Faculty of Letters, Tokyo Imperial University (now University of Tokyo), and became Research Assistant of that department in 1946. He was appointed Associate Professor of the newly established Department of Indian Philosophy at Hokkaido University in 1950. After teaching for four years in Hokkaido University, he returned to Tokyo in 1954 to become Associate Professor of Buddhist Studies at his alma mater. Hirakawa was granted a full professorship in 1962, a position he held until reaching the University of Tokyo’s mandatory retirement age of 60 in 1975, at which time he received the title of Professor Emeritus. After his retirement he taught for 10 years (1975-1985) Buddhist Studies at Waseda University, Department of Oriental Philosophy, School of Literature. Hirakawa also served as Chairman of the Directors of the Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies for eight years (1983-1991), where he made tremendous contributions toward the advancement of the Association. In 1993 he was selected to be a member of the Japan Academy. He went on to become Chairman and Professor at the International College for Advanced Buddhist Studies (established in 1996), where in addition to his duties as the director of research and education, he was responsible for the general administration of the College. He held this position until passing away. (Source Accessed Dec 5, 2019)
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| Akira Sadakata | Akira Sadakata, professor at Tokai University, is a specialist in Indian Philosophy and the author of many books on Buddhism. | |
| Akira Saitō | Prof. Akira Saito is a faculty member at the International College for Postgraduate Buddhist Studies in Tokyo Japan. He holds an M.A. from the University of Tokyo (1979) and received his Ph.D. from Australian National University (1985). His primary area of specialization is the History of Indian Buddhist Philosophy and Madhyamaka Studies. His teaching activities at ICPBC include: Reading Buddhist Studies in Foreign Languages; Inner Asian Buddhist Philology; Ph.D. Tutorials; and Special topics in Buddhist Studies. (Adapted from Source Aug 3, 2020) | |
| Akira Yuyama | Akira Yuyama earned his M.A. in 1961 from Tokyo University. He has studied Indology at the universities of Osaka, Tokyo, and Leiden, specialising in Buddhist Sanskrit philology. He was a Lecturer in South Asian and Buddhist Studies in the Faculty of Asian Studies, Australian National University. He has published a study of the Ratnaguṇasaṃcayagāthā, Systematische Übersicht über die buddhistische Sanskrit-Literatur (Erster Teil: Vinaya-Texte), Bibliography of Sanskrit Texts of the Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra, and an English translation, authored jointly with Dr Tsugunari Kubo, of Kumārajīva’s Chinese rendition of the same text. According to Paul Harrison, "Professor Yuyama’s contributions to our field were prodigious, and he will long be remembered for his unparalleled command of the Buddhist tradition, his astonishing bibliographical knowledge, the wide range of his interests, his openness and his vision." (Source Accessed Oct 8, 2024) | |
| Akong, Chöjé | ||
| Alak Zenkar Rinpoche | Tudeng Nima is the 2nd Alak Zenkar Rinpoche. The 1st Alak Zenkar Rinpoche, Pema Ngödrup Rolpai Dorjé, lived from 1881 to 1943. For a short biography, see Tulku Thondup, Masters of Meditation and Miracles (Shambhala Publications, 1996), 275–77.
Tudeng Nima Rinpoche is the Director of the Paltseg Tibetan Rare Texts Research Center, TBRC board member, visiting scholar at the University of Virginia, and board member of the China Association for Preservation and Development of Tibetan Culture. In 2000-2003, he was a Senior Research Scholar at Columbia University in the East Asian Institute. From 2004 to the present he has been a visiting scholar at the University of Virginia. Tudeng Nima Rinpoche has written many papers for which he has received numerous awards. He has rescued and reproduced thousands of important and rare Tibetan texts. He has made outstanding contributions to Tibetan culture and education and is renowned as one of the world’s leading Tibetan Buddhist scholars. (Adapted from BDRC September 17, 2020) Rigpa Wiki Bio | |
| Alaka Chattopadhyaya | Dr. Mrs. Alaka Chattopadhyaya obtained her doctorate degrèe of the Calcutta University with her highly acclaimed work based on Tibetan sources published with the title Atisa and Tibet. By
profession she was until recently the principal of the Vidyasagar College of Women, Calcutta. Her other published works include the translation (in Bengali) of the Caturasitisiddha-pravrtti—life of the 84 Siddhacaryas available hithertobefore only in its Tibetan version, besides many other Tibetan studies. She has extensively toured abroad, delivering lectures in [the] USSR, China, Oxford, Cambridge, Budapast and other places. (Source: inside jacket, Tāranātha's History of Buddhism in India) | |
| Alan David Fox | Alan Fox is an Professor of Asian and Comparative Philosophy and Religion in the Philosophy Department at the University of Delaware. He earned his Ph.D. in Religion from Temple University in 1988, and was a Fulbright Scholar in Taiwan in 1986-87. He came to the University in 1990. He received the University of Delaware’s Excellence in Teaching Award in 1995 and 2006, and the College of Arts and Sciences’ Outstanding Teacher Award in 1999. In 2006 he was named Delaware Professor of the Year by the Carnegie Foundation for Advancement of Teaching and the Council for the Advancement and Support of Education. In 2008 he was named a finalist for the National Inspiring Integrity Award, and in 2012 he was named a Teaching Fellow by the American Association of Philosophy Teachers. He is a former director of both the University Honors Program and the Master of Arts in Liberal Studies Program, as well as advisor to the undergraduate Religious Studies Minor. He has also served as President of the Faculty Senate at both the College and University levels. He has published on Buddhism and Chinese Philosophy. His research is currently focused on Philosophical Daoism. (Source Accessed May 18, 2021) | |
| Alan J. Berkowitz | Alan J. Berkowitz was the Susan W. Lippincott Professor of Modern and Classical Languages and Professor of Chinese at Swarthmore. Berkowitz, who chaired Asian Studies and served as the Chinese section head for 15 years, joined the Swarthmore faculty in 1989 when Chinese was the smallest section of Modern Languages & Literatures (MLL). As the sole professor of Chinese, he exercised wise leadership and worked tirelessly to make the fledgling section into a vibrant program and became its first tenured professor. Chinese is now the second largest program in MLL after Spanish. (Source Accessed June 2, 2023) | |
| Alan Murillo | Born in Mexico City in 1961, Alan Murillo studied as a professional translator at the Higher Institute of Interpreters and Translators in Mexico City and has dedicated himself for 25 years to the translation of legal, financial and technical documents.
As part of the Casa Tíbet translation team, he has translated several books on Buddhism into Spanish: Buddhism with an Attitude by Alan Wallace; Iridescent Splendor: The Memoirs of Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche; and Geshe Lhundup Söpa's Autobiography , as well as numerous texts and teachings for Casa Tíbet México. A student of Casa Tíbet since 1998, he is part of the group of instructors under the guidance and instruction of his main teacher, Marco Antonio Karam, founder and director of Casa Tíbet México. As a student of said institution, he has received teachings on the theory and practice of Buddhist teachings, fundamentally the study and analysis of consciousness and the cultivation of human potential based on transcendental values, in order to develop a more meaningful life for the benefit of other beings and oneself. During this time he has attended short retreats, seminars and teachings of great masters of the Tibetan Buddhist tradition, such as Geshe Sopa, Geshe Thabke, Khenpo Pema Wangdak, Alan Wallace, Matthieu Ricard, Dr. Jeffrey Hopkins, Khandro Rinpoché, Marcia Dechen Wangmo, among others. From 2008 to 2012 he was part of the editorial project at the Autonomous University of Mexico City (UACM) as a translator in the Department of Educational Innovation and Critical Thinking, translating four books on these topics. He currently coordinates the Editorial Committee of Casa Tíbet México and is the editorial director of the quarterly human development magazine 84 Thousand - Words that wake up. (Adapted from Source Apr 6, 2021) | |
| Albachten, Ö. | ||
| Albert Grünwedel | Albert Grünwedel (31 July 1856 – 28 October 1935) was a German Indologist, Tibetologist, archaeologist, and explorer of Central Asia. He was one of the first scholars to study the Lepcha language.
Grünwedel was born in Munich in 1856, the son of a painter. He studied art history and Asian languages, including Avestan, and in 1883 earned his doctorate at the University of Munich. In 1881 he began work as an assistant at the Museum of Ethnology in Berlin and in 1883 he was appointed deputy director of the ethnographic collection. Grünwedel won accolades for his numerous publications on Buddhist art, archaeology Central Asia, and Himalayan languages. Two notable works were Buddhist art in India (1893) and Mythology of Buddhism in Tibet and Mongolia (1900), which concerned the Greek origins of the Gandharan Greco-Buddhist artistic style and its development in Central Asia. In 1899 Grünwedel was invited to join a Russian archaeological research expedition led by Vasily Radlov into the north of Xinjiang province, China. In the same year he was appointed a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. In 1902-1903 Grünwedel led the first German expedition to Turpan, in Xinjiang, becoming the first modern European to study the massive ruins near Gaochang. He recorded the events of this expedition in his book Report on Archaeological work in Idikutschahri and Surrounding areas in Winter 1902-1903 (1905). The next expedition was led by Albert von Le Coq, who became famous for removing large numbers of frescos from sites across Xinjiang. Grünwedel himself headed the third German Turfan expedition in 1905–1907, the results of which were published in Ancient Buddhist Religion in Chinese Turkistan (1912). Grünwedel's expeditions were largely funded by the Krupp family. Grünwedel was joined by Heinrich Lüders who made major contributions to the epigraphical analysis of the Turpan-Expedition findings after being called to the Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Berlin as Professor for oriental languages in 1909. Grünwedel retired in 1921, and in 1923 moved to Bavaria, where his spent his last years at Bad Tölz writing a number of scientific papers. (Source Accessed Jan 15, 2024) | |
| Albion M. Butters | Albion M. Butters (Masters of Theological Studies, Harvard Divinity School; Fulbright scholar, India; Ph.D., History of Religion, Columbia University) has a specialization in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism. As an Academy of Finland Research Fellow, he is currently engaged in a study on ideological aspects of "Campus Carry" in Texas, focusing in particular on fear and affect, power, and intersections between gun culture and religiosity. Butters is the editor of Studia Orientalia Electronica, an online peer-reviewed imprint of the Studia Orientalia journal (est. 1917, Finnish Oriental Society). His multidisciplinary research interests include questions of identity and meaning-making, shifting ideologies (religious and secular), and the integration of spiritual themes in popular culture. Forthcoming is his monograph titled Spi-Fi: Spiritual Fiction in Comics, which examines the significance of stories and art for identity construction and personal transformation; supported by the Kone Foundation, this research project was inspired by Butters’ involvement as one of the creators of the graphic novel Mandala (Dark Horse Comics, 2014). (Source Academia.edu) | |
| Aldenderfer, M. | ||
| Aleksa Dokic | Aleksa Dokic received a PhD in Buddhist Studies from the University of Delhi in 2001. The dissertation was titled "Samādhirāja Sūtra: An English Translation of Chapters I-XX of the Sanskrit Text with Critical Notes." The supervisor for the dissertation was Karam Tej Singh Sarao. Dokic is currently Assistant Director, Government Office for Human Rights and Rights of National Minorities, Croatia. | |
| Aleksandra Wenta | Dr. Aleksandra Wenta is Assistant Professor in the School of Buddhist Studies, Philosophy and Comparative Religions. She was trained at Oxford University, Banaras Hindu University, and Jagiellonian University. She was fellow at the Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla (2012-2014) where she worked on the aesthetics of power in medieval Chidambaram. Her scholarly interests range from Buddhism in India and Tibet, through Sanskrit and history of Śaivism in Kashmir and South India, to the performance theories and emotions in pre-modern India. She is currently working on the history of the transmission of the esoteric Buddhist cult from India to Tibet. (Source Accessed Feb 11, 2021) | |
| Alex Catanese | Alex Catanese earned his PhD in Religious Studies from the University of California, Santa Barbara. He is the author of Buddha in the Marketplace: The Commodification of Buddhist Objects in Tibet (UVA Press). He joined Tsadra Foundation staff in 2019 as an editor and content contributor. | |
| Alex Gardner | Alexander Gardner is the Director and Chief Editor of the Treasury of Lives, an online biographical encyclopedia of Tibet and the Himalayan Region. He completed his PhD in Buddhist Studies at the University of Michigan in 2007. From 2007 to 2016 he worked at the Shelley & Donald Rubin Foundation, serving as their Executive Director from 2013 to 2016. His research interests are in Tibetan life writing and the cultural history of Kham in the nineteenth century. He is the author of The Life of Jamgon Kongtrul the Great, published by Shambhala in 2019. Alex served as the writer-in-residence for Tsadra Foundation's Buddha-Nature Project from 2017-2019. | |
| Alex Trisoglio | Alex is an executive coach and life coach to senior business executives, including two CEOs of Fortune 500 companies, as well as movie stars and rock musicians. He also serves the global Performance Leadership practice at McKinsey & Company, helping the world’s leading companies build performance cultures that are aligned with their strategic objectives, and coaching executives and managers through personal transformations that support business goals and also bring greater meaning and purpose to their lives. He is currently serving clients on four continents. Alex was formerly a Professor of Business Administration in London and Copenhagen, teaching leadership on MBA programs. He holds a Ph.D. in Strategy and Organizational Behaviour from London University and an M.A. in Theoretical Physics from Cambridge University. He has been awarded a Natwest Fellowship to the London Business School and a Fulbright Fellowship to the Harvard Business School. Alex has transcribed and edited Khyentse Rinpoche’s Madhyamakavatara teachings given in France from 1996-2000, and organized them into Khyentse Foundation’s first publication, the Madhyamakavatara Commentary. He is now editing Rinpoche’s cycle of Uttaratantra teachings. Alex serves as a teaching assistant at select Khyentse Rinpoche teachings. (Source: Khyentse Foundation) | |
| Alex Wayman | Wayman joined Columbia in 1966 as a visiting associate professor of religion. In 1967, he was appointed professor of Sanskrit in the Department of Middle East and Asian Languages and Cultures, a position he held until his retirement in 1991. During his tenure, Wayman taught classes in classical Sanskrit, Buddhist hybrid Sanskrit, Indian and Tibetan Religions and the history of astrology.
While at Columbia, he was a member of the administrative committee of the Southern Asian Institute. He also served as senior editor of The Buddhist Traditions Series (with 30 volumes to date) published by Motilal Banarsidass in Delhi, India. Wayman authored 12 books, including Buddhist Tantric Systems, Untying the Knots in Buddhism, Enlightenment of Vairocana, and A Millennium of Buddhist Logic. He co-authored a translation of the 3rd-century Buddhist scripture Lion's Roar of Queen Shrimala with his wife, Hideko. Her knowledge of Chinese and Japanese sources complemented his research and translation of Sanskrit and Tibetan sources. An honorary volume, titled Researches in Indian and Buddhist Philosophy (essays in honor of Prof. Alex Wayman), edited by Ram Karan Sharma, was published in 1993 to commemorate the many years that Wayman devoted to scholarly research on Indian topics. (Source Accessed Aug 10, 2020)] | |
| Alexander Aaron Laughlin | ||
| Alexander Berzin | Alexander Berzin (born 1944) grew up in New Jersey, USA. He began his study of Buddhism in 1962 at Rutgers and then Princeton Universities, and received his PhD in 1972 from Harvard University jointly between the Departments of Sanskrit and Indian Studies and Far Eastern Languages (Chinese). Inspired by the process through which Buddhism was transmitted from one Asian civilization to another and how it was translated and adopted, his focus has been, ever since, on bridging traditional Buddhist and modern Western cultures.
Dr. Berzin was resident in India for 29 years, first as a Fulbright Scholar and then with the Translation Bureau, which he helped to found, at the Library of Tibetan Works & Archives in Dharamsala. While in India, he furthered his studies with masters from all four Tibetan Buddhist traditions; however, his main teachers have been His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Tsenzhab Serkong Rinpoche, and Geshe Ngawang Dhargyey. Practicing under their supervision, he completed the major meditation retreats of the Gelug tradition. For nine years, he was the principal interpreter for Tsenzhab Serkong Rinpoche, accompanying him on his foreign tours and training under him to be a Buddhist teacher in his own right. He has served as occasional interpreter for H.H. the Dalai Lama and has organized several international projects for him. These have included Tibetan medical aid for victims of the Chernobyl radiation disaster; preparation of basic Buddhist texts in colloquial Mongolian to help with the revival of Buddhism in Mongolia; and initiation of a Buddhist-Muslim dialogue in universities in the Islamic world. Since 1980, Dr. Berzin has traveled the world, lecturing on Buddhism in universities and Buddhist centers in over 70 countries. He was one of the first to teach Buddhism in most of the communist world, throughout Latin America and large parts of Africa. Throughout his travels, he has consistently tried to demystify Buddhism and show the practical application of its teachings in daily life. A prolific author and translator, Dr. Berzin has published 17 books, including Relating to a Spiritual Teacher, Taking the Kalachakra Initiation, Developing Balanced Sensitivity, and with H.H. the Dalai Lama, The Gelug-Kagyu Tradition of Mahamudra. At the end of 1998, Dr. Berzin returned to the West with about 30,000 pages of unpublished manuscripts of books, articles, and translations he had prepared, transcriptions of teachings of the great masters that he had translated, and notes from all the teachings he had received from these masters. Convinced of the benefit of this material for others and determined that it not be lost, he named it the “Berzin Archives” and settled in Berlin, Germany. There, with the encouragement of H. H. the Dalai Lama, he set out to make this vast material freely available to the world on the Internet, in as many languages as possible. Thus, the Berzin Archives website went online in December 2001. It has expanded to include Dr. Berzin’s ongoing lectures and is now available in 21 languages. For many of them, especially the six Islamic world languages, it is the pioneering work in the field. The present version of the website is the next step in Dr. Berzin’s lifelong commitment to building a bridge between the traditional Buddhist and modern worlds. By guiding the teachings across the bridge and showing their relevance to modern life, his vision has been that they would help to bring emotional balance to the world. (Source Accessed Dec 4, 2019) Click here for a list of Alexander Berzin's publications | |
| Alexander Csoma de Kőrös | Sándor Csoma de Kőrös (Hungarian: [ˈʃaːndor ˈkøːrøʃi ˈt͡ʃomɒ]; born Sándor Csoma; 27 March 1784/8 – 11 April 1842) was a Hungarian philologist and Orientalist, author of the first Tibetan–English dictionary and grammar book. He was called Phyi-glin-gi-grwa-pa in Tibetan, meaning "the foreign pupil", and was declared a bosatsu or bodhisattva by the Japanese in 1933.[2] He was born in Kőrös, Grand Principality of Transylvania (today part of Covasna, Romania). His birth date is often given as 4 April, although this is actually his baptism day and the year of his birth is debated by some authors who put it at 1787 or 1788 rather than 1784. The Magyar ethnic group, the Székelys, to which he belonged believed that they were derived from a branch of Attila's Huns who had settled in Transylvania in the fifth century. Hoping to study the claim and to find the place of origin of the Székelys and the Magyars by studying language kinship, he set off to Asia in 1820 and spent his lifetime studying the Tibetan language and Buddhist philosophy. Csoma de Kőrös is considered as the founder of Tibetology. He was said to have been able to read in seventeen languages. He died in Darjeeling while attempting to make a trip to Lhasa in 1842 and a memorial was erected in his honour by the Asiatic Society of Bengal. (Source Accessed May 5, 2022) | |
| Alexander Csoma de Kőrös Translation Group | The Alexander Csoma de Kőrös Translation Group consists of Karma Dorje (Rabjampa), Zsuzsa Majer, Krisztina Teleki, William Dewey, and Beáta Kakas. (Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022) | |
| Alexander Cunningham | Major General Sir Alexander Cunningham (January 1814 – 28 November 1893) was a British Army engineer with the Bengal Engineer Group who later took an interest in the history and archaeology of India. In 1861, he was appointed to the newly created position of archaeological surveyor to the government of India; and he founded and organised what later became the Archaeological Survey of India. He wrote numerous books and monographs and made extensive collections of artefacts. Some of his collections were lost, but most of the gold and silver coins and a fine group of Buddhist sculptures and jewelery were bought by the British Museum in 1894. He was also the father of mathematician Allan Cunningham. (Source Accessed Aug 16, 2023) | |
| Alexander Mikhailovich Reshetov | Born on August 1, 1932. In 1956, graduated from Leningrad State University, the Faculty of Oriental Studies, the Department of Chinese Philology, and was admitted to the doctoral course at the Institute of Ethnography, the USSR Academy of Sciences. Soon he went to China for the academic training and spent there several years. In 1960, he started his work at the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of Ethnography and immediately took an active part in the edition of issues Peoples of Eastern Asia [Народы Восточной Азии] and Peoples of South Eastern Asia [Народы Юго-Восточной Азии] published by the Institute as a part of the series Peoples of the World [Народы мира]. In 1967, he defended the PhD Dissertation, The Puyi. An Historical and Ethnographic Account [Буи. Историко-этнографический очерк], supervised by Dr N.N. Cheboksarov, a well-known Russian ethnographer and anthropologist.
At the same time, he started his fieldworks. First he explored Siberia and Central Asia, especially the areas populated by the Uigurs and Dungans. During late 1970s through early 1980s, he took part in the Soviet Mongolian research expedition. He brought a number of artifacts to the Museum of anthropology and ethnography (MAE). During the 1960s through 1970s, his major research interests were in ethnography of various ethnic groups of China, Mongolia, the Far East. He contributed much to the description and popularization of relevant rich collections kept at the MAE. It resulted in a series of his papers published at the MAE’s academic issues. During the 1970s, he contributed to the study of general ethnography, its theory and methodology, editing two books of essays such as The Hunters, Gatherers, Fishers [Охотники, собиратели, рыболовы] and The Early Farmers [Ранние земледельцы]. Starting from mid-1980s, he concentrated also on the history of Russian ethnography and Oriental studies and published more than 100 papers on both well-known scholars and those whose names were undeserved forgotten. Thanks to him the names of many Russian ethnographers, anthropologists and Orientalists, including the emigrants of the first wave who worked mostly in Harbin and the scholars oppressed by the Stalinists were returned. During the last years of his life, Dr A.Reshetov worked on the fundamental Biobliographic Dictionary of Russian Ethnographs and Anthropologists. The 20th Century [Биобиблиографический словарь отечественных этнографов и антропологов. XX век] that he was not destined to complete. Moreover, Dr A. Reshetov organized many important conferences. During many years, he was the academic secretary of the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of Ethnography, then headed its Department of Foreign Asian Studies. (Source Accessed Apr 12, 2022) | |
| Alexander Schiller | Alexander Schiller teaches classical Tibetan at the University of Vienna. | |
| Alexander Yiannopoulos | Alexander holds a dual BA in Linguistics and Philosophy from Boston College, an MA in Buddhist Philosophy and Himalayan Languages from the Rangjung Yeshe Institute at Kathmandu University in Boudhanath, Nepal, and a PhD in Religion from Emory University completed under Drs. Sara McClintock and John Dunne. He has been studying and practicing Buddhadharma since 2005, when he took refuge under the Bodhi Tree with Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche during a semester spent studying abroad in Nepal. After graduating magna cum laude from Boston College, he returned to Kathmandu on his first Fulbright research fellowship. Alexander remained in Nepal for the next six years, studying the foundational texts of Tibetan Buddhist scholastic philosophy. During that time, apart from his formal studies at RYI, he was also fortunate to receive teaching and empowerment from the lamas of Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling, as well as many other teachers, including Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche, Kyabgon Gongma Trichen Rinpoche, and Lama Tsering Wangdu Rinpoche. During his second Fulbright research fellowship in Sarnath, India, Alexander was similarly fortunate to receive instruction in Sanskrit Buddhist philosophy from Drs. Ram Shankar Tripathi and Pradeep Gokhale.
To date, Alexander’s research has focused primarily on “luminosity” (’od gsal or gsal ba) as this key term is presented in Indian Buddhist epistemological literature. His Master’s thesis translates and examines a pithy presentation of luminosity by Ratnākaraśānti, also known as the Mahāsiddha Śāntipa, who was a teacher of Maitripāda and one of four debate-masters at Vikramaśīla Mahāvihāra. Alexander’s doctoral dissertation, a partial translation and commentary on the Perception Chapter of Dharmakīrti’s Pramāṇavārttika, places a particular emphasis on the closely-related technical term 'reflexive awareness" (rang rig) as this term is developed in Dharmakīrti’s epistemology. Alexander lives in his hometown of New Orleans, where he enjoys walks along the Mississippi with his wife and their two sons. (Source Accessed June 5, 2023) | |
| Alexander von Rospatt | Alexander von Rospatt is Professor for Buddhist and South Asian Studies, and director of the Group in Buddhist Studies. He specializes in the doctrinal history of Indian Buddhism, and in Newar Buddhism, the only Indic Mahayana tradition that continues to persist in its original South Asian setting (in the Kathmandu Valley) right to the present. His first book sets forth the development and early history of the Buddhist doctrine of momentariness. His new book "The Svayambhu Caitya and its Renovations" deals with the historical renovations of the Svayambhū Stupa of Kathmandu. Based on Newar manuscripts and several years of fieldwork in Nepal, he reconstructs the ritual history of these renovations and their social contexts. This book complements numerous essays Prof. von Rospatt has authored on various aspects of this tradition, including its narrative literature, and its rituals and their origins and evolution. He currently has two related monographs under preparation, one dealing with the mural paintings and other visual depictions of the Svayambhupurana, the other with the life-cycle rituals of old age as observed among Newars and other South Asian communities.
Before joining UC Berkeley in 2003, von Rospatt served as assistant professor at the University of Leipzig and taught as visiting professor at the Universities of Oxford and Vienna. More recently he has also taught on visiting appointments at the University of Munich, and at the International College for Postgraduate Buddhist Studies at Tokyo. (Source Accessed Feb 7, 2023) Publications:
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| Alexandre I. Andreyev | Alexandre I. Andreyev, Ph.D. (1998) in History, St Petersburg University, is Senior Research Associate at the Institute for the History of Science & Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg. He has published extensively on Buddhism in Russia and Russian exploration in Central Asia including The Buddhist Shrine of Petrograd (1992) and From Lake Baikal to Sacred Lhasa (1997).(Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023) | |
| Alfonsa, F. | ||
| Alfred Bloom | Dr. Alfred Bloom has long been a pioneer in putting Shin Buddhism in modern context, showing its relevance to men and women of every age and culture. He began his life as a fundamentalist Christian, drawn to missionary work when, at the age of eighteen, he was sent to serve with the Army of Occupation in Japan. Hearing Amida Buddha used to interpret the Christian term "grace" roused his curiousity. When he returned to seminary, he became a liberal with an increasing interest in Buddhism. In 1957, he returned to Japan for two years on a Fulbright, studying the life and thought of the radical thirteenth century monk Shinran, founder of Shin Buddhist tradition. From 1959 to 1961, he was at Harvard University, completing his doctorate and serving as the first proctor at Harvard's Center for the Study of World Religions. For several years he taught religious studies at the University of Oregon, joining the Religion Department of the University of Hawaii in 1970. (Source: The Promise of Boundless Compassion: Shin Buddhism For Today, book jacket) | |
| Alfredo Mario Cadonna | During the last part of the twentieth century, from the 1980s onwards, he was one of the most important figures in Italian Sinology in the field of classical literary and religious studies. The subject of his degree thesis presented in the academic year 1978-79 (Yulu and denglu of the Chan Buddhist school as a source for the study of vernacular elements of "Middle Chinese") already demonstrated the two aspects that proved to be fundamental cornerstones of his research activity: a focus on the expressions of the Chinese religious-philosophical tradition (Chan, and later especially Daoism) and the centrality of a language-based approach, the vehicle of such expressions. Hallmarks of Alfredo's academic writing, teaching and thinking have always been close readings of the sources that transcend any form of hermeneutical relativism, readings that are grounded in the keen quest for meaning and the underlying semantic landscape. (Source Accessed Feb 27, 2023) | |
| Alice Collett | Alice Collett is the author of Lives of Early Buddhist Nuns: Biographies as History and editor of Women in Early Indian Buddhism: Comparative Textual Studies and Translating Buddhism: Historical and Contextual Perspectives. Alice Collett is an academic who specializes in ancient Indian religious history, and most of her publications to date concentrate on women in early South Asia. Alice's most recent book is I Hear Her Words: An Introduction to Women in Buddhism (2021). This book is intended for the general reader, students, practitioners and anyone with an interest. The second part of the book is a history of the many female practitioners of the past - from around the world - who have helped to shape Buddhism and make it what it is today. | |
| Alice Travers | Alice Travers, Principal Investigator of the TibArmy ERC funded project, is a permanent researcher in Tibetan history at the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), affiliated to the East Asian Civilisations Research Centre (CRCAO, UMR 8155, Paris, France, http://www.crcao.fr/).
Her work has focused on social history in pre-1959 Tibet, especially on the Lhasa aristocracy (PhD dissertation in 2009 and several published articles on this elite and on the careers of officials in the Ganden Phodrang administration) and on the intermediate/middle classes of Central Tibet (papers in the framework of the ANR-DFG project SHTS). She carries on research on the Tibetan aristocracy within the ANR-DFG project TibStat. She worked on the Tibetan military history under the Ganden Phodrang government in the context of a post-doc position dedicated to the various reforms of the Tibetan army from 1895 to 1951. Since then she has been working on particular aspects of the Tibetan army according to legal sources (see her activities and publications related to the history of the Tibetan army below). Within the framework of TibArmy and besides coordinating the research team, Alice Travers works on two particular aspects: the institutional development and the social history of the Tibetan Army from 1642-1959. She works on a book 1) analysing the evolution of the military institution under the Ganden Phodrang from its premises in the 17th century, the inception of standing army in the 18th century and through its several reforms until the 1950s; 2) bringing a social history light on this military institution through a prosopographical approach of the Tibetan soldiers. Activities and publications related to the history of the Ganden phodrang army: Conferences
Publications Travers, A., 2016, “The Lcags stag dmag khrims (1950): A new development in Tibetan legal and military history ?,” in Bischoff J. and Mullard S. (eds), Social Regulation – Case Studies from Tibetan History, Leiden, Brill, 99–125.
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| Alicia O. Matsunaga | Rev. Dr. Alicia Orloff Matsunaga (1932~1998)
A native of Livermore California, who received B.A. degree from the University of California, and M.A. from the University of Redlands, theological training in Kyoto, Japan and a Ph.D. from Claremont Graduate University. She taught nine years of Buddhism and Oriental culture at UCLA and then was summoned back to Japan to become the Bomori or Vice Pastor of the Eikyoji and worked over a decade to further develop the temple. In 1989 she founded the Reno Buddhist Church with her husband and planted a seed of Buddhism in Nevada. Her first book The Buddhist Philosophy of Assimilation was awarded the NHK (Japanese National Broadcasting) award. Together with her husband she has written and translated over a dozen books, the most well known being The Foundation of Japanese Buddhism Vol. I and II, which are nationally well known college text books. (Source Accessed Apr 11, 2022) | |
| Alison Melnick Dyer | Professor Melnick Dyer specializes in the history of Tibetan and Chinese Buddhism, with a focus on the uses of hagiography and revelatory literature in the historical record. She enjoys teaching a wide range of courses in Asian Religious traditions. Her research considers questions at the intersection of authority, gender, privilege, and the role of the religious institution in Tibetan and Chinese literature and society, and she writes about how women exercise authority in these contexts. Her current work focuses on the life of Mingyur Peldron (Tib. mi ‘gyur dpal sgron), an 18th century female Buddhist leader and teacher. (Source: Bates College) | |
| Allan Badiner | Allan Badiner is the editor of Zig Zag Zen: Buddhism and Psychedelics, Dharma Gaia: A Harvest in Buddhism and Ecology, and Mindfulness in the Marketplace.
He produced Psychedelic Integration at Esalen with Michael Pollan, MAPS founder Rick Doblin, psychiatrist Julie Holland, neurobiologist David Presti, UK psychiatrist Ben Sessa, youth safety advocate Marsha Rosenbaum, Project CBD’s Martin A. Lee, and special guests author James Fadiman and UC Berkeley psychiatrist Kristi Panik, as we explore the challenges and opportunities unique to this moment in history. Stanislav Grof, who lived and taught at Esalen for 14 years, opened the conversation remotely. Allan is also a contributing editor of Tricycle magazine and co-producer of the Entheowheel series. (Source Accessed Feb 14, 2023) | |
| Allan Lokos | Allan Lokos is the founder and guiding teacher of the Community Meditation Center located on New York City's upper west side. He is the author of Pocket Peace: Effective Practices for Enlightened Living, Patience: The Art of Peaceful Living, and Through the Flames: Overcoming Disaster Through Compassion, Patience, and Determination. His writing has appeared in The Huffington Post, Tricycle magazine, Beliefnet, and several anthologies.
Among the places he has taught are Columbia University Teachers College, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Barre Center for Buddhist Studies, Marymount Manhattan College, The Rubin Museum of Art Brainwave Series, BuddhaFest, NY Insight Meditation Center, The NY Open Center, Tibet House US, and Insight Meditation Community of Washington. Lokos has practiced meditation since the mid-nineties and studied with such renowned teachers as Sharon Salzberg, Thích Nhất Hạnh, Joseph Goldstein, Andrew Olendzki, and Stephen Batchelor. Earlier in this life Lokos enjoyed a successful career as a professional singer. He was in the original Broadway companies of Oliver!, Pickwick (musical), and the Stratford Festival/Broadway production of The Pirates of Penzance. (Source Accessed May 25, 2021) | |
| Allan R. Bomhard | Allan R. Bomhard (born 1943) is an American linguist. Born in Brooklyn, New York, he was educated at Fairleigh Dickinson University, Hunter College, and the City University of New York, and served in the U.S. Army from 1964 to 1966. He currently resides in Florence, South Carolina. He has studied the controversial hypotheses about the underlying unity among the proposed Nostratic and Eurasiatic language families. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan_R._Bomhard Source Accessed Feb 27, 2023]) | |
| Allan, N. | ||
| Allchin, R. | ||
| Allen, E. | ||
| Allen, M. | ||
| Allen, R. | ||
| Alleton, V. | ||
| Allinger, E. | ||
| Allison Choying Zangmo | Allison Choying Zangmo is Anyen Rinpoche's personal translator and a longtime student of both Rinpoche and his root lama, Kyabje Tsara Dharmakirti. She has either translated or collaborated with Rinpoche on all of his books. She lives in Denver, Colorado.
She has received empowerments, transmissions and upadesha instructions in the Longchen Nyingthig tradition from Khenchen Tsara Dharmakirti Rinpoche, as well as others of his main students, such as Khenpo Tashi from Do Kham Shedrup Ling. She also received an unusually direct lineage of Do Khyentse Yeshe Dorje’s chod from the realized chodpa Lama Damphel. After moving to the US with Anyen Rinpoche, she received many other empowerments, transmissions and upadesha instructions in the Secret Mantryana tradition from eminent masters such as Taklong Tsetrul Rinpoche, Padma Dunbo, Yangtang Rinpoche, Khenpo Namdrol, Denpai Wangchuk, and Tulku Rolpai Dorje. Allison Choying Zangmo works diligently for both Orgyen Khamdroling and the Phowa Foundation, as well as composing books and translations of traditional texts & sadhanas with Anyen Rinpoche, and spending a portion of each year in retreat. Although she never had any wish to teach Dharma in the west, based on encouragement by Anyen Rinpoche, Tulku Rolpai Dorje and Khenpo Tashi, she began teaching the dharma under Anyen Rinpoche's guidance in 2017. (Source: Orgyen Khamdroling) | |
| Allon, M. | ||
| Allès, E. | ||
| Almberg, E. | ||
| Almogi, O. | Orna Almogi studied Tibetology (major) and Religious Studies and Psychology (minors) at the University of Hamburg (MA 1998). She received her PhD in Tibetology from the same University in 2006 (doctoral thesis: “Rong-zom-pa’s Discourses on Traditional Buddhology: A Study on the Development of the Concept of Buddhahood with Special Reference to the Controversy Surrounding the Existence of Gnosis (ye shes: jñāna) at the Stage of a Buddha”). From 1999 until 2004 she had been working for the Nepal-German Manuscript Preservation Project (NGMPP) and the Nepalese-German Manuscript Cataloguing Project (NGMCP), where she had been responsible for the Tibetan materials. From 2008 to 2011 she has been a member of the Researcher Group “Manuscript Cultures in Asia and Africa” with the subproject “The Manuscript Collections of the Ancient Tantras (rNying ma rgyud ’bum): An Examination of Variance.” From 2011 to 2015 she has been working at the “Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures” as the leader of the subproject “Doxographical Organisational Schemes in Manuscripts and Xylographs of the Collection of the Ancient Tantras.” Since 2015 she has been involved in the “Academic Research Program Initiative” (ARPI). Since 2016 she is leading the project “A Canon in the Making: The History of the Formation, Production, and Transmission of the bsTan 'gyur, the Corpus of Treatises in Tibetan Translation.” Her research interests extend to a number of areas connected with the Tibetan religio-philosophical traditions and Tibetan Buddhist literature, particularly that of the rNying-ma school. The primary focus of her research the past years has been the concept of Buddhahood in traditional Buddhist sources, early subclassifications of Madhyamaka, the rNying ma rgyud ’bum, and the bsTan ʼgyur. Another interest of her is the culture of the book in Tibet in all its variety, specifically in connection with the compilation and transmission of Buddhist literary collections, both in manuscripts and xylographs forms. (Source Accessed Jul 14, 2020) | |
| Alo Karma Kunkhyen | ||
| Alper, A. | ||
| Altman, D. | ||
| Altner, D. | DIANA ALTNER is a postdoctoral student at the Institute of Asian and African
Studies, Humboldt University in Berlin. Her research focuses on infrastructure development and the transformation of everyday life in central Tibet. | |
| Alumit, N. | ||
| Amalia Pezzali | Amalia Pezzali (1919-2015) was an Italian author and Tibetologist known for her extensive work in Buddhist studies. She was a prolific scholar who contributed significantly to the field of Indian and Buddhist thought.
Pezzali authored several notable works, including Śantideva: Mystique bouddhiste des VIIe et VIIIe siècles, which is organized into three sections and focuses on the Buddhist mystic Śāntideva. Her other notable publications include Śamatha and Vipaśyanā in Buddhist Sanskrit literature and Śāntideva's Statement about Confession, which demonstrate her in-depth analysis of Buddhist concepts and literature. She also participated in and reported on international seminars related to Indian thought and Buddhist studies, further highlighting her active engagement in the academic community. Pezzali's work is recognized across various academic platforms, including the Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies and other scholarly publications, solidifying her reputation as a respected figure in the field of Tibetan and Buddhist studies. | |
| Amber Carpenter | Amber Carpenter is Associate Professor at Yale-NUS College, and supervises doctoral students at the University of York. Dr. Carpenter specializes in Ancient Greek philosophy and Indian Buddhist philosophy. She is particularly concerned with the place of reason in a well-lived life— what might reason be that it could be ethically relevant, or even required? Addressing this question opens up lines of inquiry in metaphysics, epistemology and philosophical psychology.
Dr. Carpenter’s work considers the intersections of these areas of inquiry. In both Greece and India, metaphysics and epistemology mattered. Debates over them were parts of wider disputes about the nature and domain of the moral. Dr. Carpenter’s work in Ancient Greek philosophy focuses on Plato’s metaphysical ethics and related epistemological issues— including the intelligence of plants. Her book, Indian Buddhist Philosophy, appeared in 2014, and her study of the pudgalavādins can be found in The Moon Points Back (2015). In her current work, she creates a conversation between these two philosophical traditions, under the rubric ‘Metaphysics and Epistemology as Ethics’, as for instance in ‘Ethics of Substance’. She recently held a fellowship with the Beacon Project, exploring “Ethical Ambitions and Their Formation of Character”. Dr. Carpenter is currently Rector of Elm College, Yale-NUS. From 2015 to 2017, she was Head of Philosophy at Yale-NUS, where she initiated the Ancient Worlds Research Group. She was a co-founder of the Yorkshire Ancient Philosophy Network; and collaborates with Rachael Wiseman on the Integrity Project. Read more at the Integrity Project | |
| Amdo Geshe Jampal Rolwai Lodrö | ||
| Ames, W. | ||
| Amgaagiĭn Luvsandėndėv | ||
| Amoghavajra | Buddhist émigré ācarya who played a major role in the introduction and translation of seminal Buddhist texts belonging to the esoteric tradition or mijiao. His birthplace is uncertain, but many sources allude to his ties to Central Asia. Accompanying his teacher Vajrabodhi, Amoghavajra arrived in the Chinese capital of Chang'an in 720–1 and spent most of his career in that cosmopolitan city. In 741, following the death of his mentor, Amoghavajra made an excursion to India and Sri Lanka with the permission of the Tang-dynasty emperor and returned in 746 with new Buddhist texts, many of them esoteric scriptures. Amoghavajra's influence on the Tang court reached its peak when he was summoned by the emperor to construct an abhiṣeka, or consecration, altar on his behalf. Amoghavajra's activities in Chang'an were interrupted by the An Lushan rebellion (655–763), but after the rebellion was quelled, he returned to his work at the capital and established an inner chapel for homa rituals and abhiṣeka in the imperial palace. He was later honored by the emperor with the purple robe, the highest honor for a Buddhist monk and the rank of third degree. Along with Xuanzang, Amoghavajra was one of the most prolific translators and writers in the history of Chinese Buddhism. Among the many texts he translated into Chinese, especially important are the Sarvatathāgatasaṃgraha and the Bhadracarīpraṇidhāna. (Source: "Amoghavajra." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 36. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) | |
| Amy Holmes-Tagchungdarpa | Amy Holmes-Tagchungdarpa is an associate professor in the Department of Religious Studies at Occidental College. She is the author of The Social Life of Tibetan Biography: Textuality, Community, and Authority in the Lineage of Tokden Shakya Shri (Lexington, 2014), which explores the trans-Himalayan lineage of Tokden Sakya Sri that spanned communities in eastern Tibet, western China, Bhutan, Sikkim, Nepal, Ladakh, and beyond. Her current research focuses on Buddhism, book culture, language, and community formation across the Himalayas. (Source: A Gathering of Brilliant Moons, 329) | |
| Amṛtākara | Said to be a teacher from Kashmir, Amṛtākara wrote the Catuḥstavasamāsārtha, a commentary on the Catuḥstava (Four Hymns) of Nāgārjuna. | |
| An Xuan | An Xuan (Chinese: 安玄; pinyin: Ānxuán) was a Parthian layman credited with working alongside An Shigao (Chinese: 安世高; pinyin: Ānshìgāo) and Yan Fotiao (Chinese: 嚴佛調; pinyin: Yán Fúdiào) in the translation of early Buddhist texts in Luoyang in Later Han China. (Source Accessed Aug 30, 2021) | |
| An-che, L. | ||
| Anagarika Govinda | Anagarika Govinda (born Ernst Lothar Hoffmann, 17 May 1898 – 14 January 1985) was the founder of the order of the Arya Maitreya Mandala and an expositor of Tibetan Buddhism, Abhidharma, and Buddhist meditation as well as other aspects of Buddhism. He was also a painter and poet. Read more here. | |
| Anam Thubten Rinpoche | Anam Thubten grew up in Tibet and at an early age began to practice in the Nyingma tradition of Tibetan Buddhism. Among his many teachers, his most formative guides were Lama Tsurlo, Khenpo Chopel, and Lama Garwang. He is the founder and spiritual advisor of Dharmata Foundation, teaching widely in the U.S. and abroad. He is also the author of various articles and books in both the Tibetan and English language. His books in English include: Choosing Compassion, No Self No Problem, Into the Haunted Ground, and The Citadel of Awareness. To view Anam Thubten’s teaching and retreat schedule, please visit www.dharmata.org/events-calendar. Through the essential wisdom of Buddhism and his personal experience on the spiritual path, Anam Thubten brings alive the timeless teachings and invites everyone to participate. (Official Source: Dharmata Foundation, Accessed January 7, 2025) | |
| Anandajoti Bhikkhu | Theravāda Buddhist monk since 1996; editor, translator, photographer, curator, webmaster. (https://www.facebook.com/anandajoti/)
See many edited and arranged Sanskrit and Pali and English texts here: https://ancient-buddhist-texts.net/Texts-and-Translations/index.htm Bhikkhu Anandajoti was born near Birmingham in England and spent the better part of his first 35 years there, but is now a resident in the East since 1987, mainly in Sri Lanka, India, and Malaysia. He ordained in the Theravāda tradition in 1995 and received higher ordination the following year. He is currently a resident in Vivekavana Solitude Grove, a remote meditation centre near the top of a mountain in Penang State, Malaysia. Godwin Samararatne was his first Dhamma teacher and his first Buddhist meditation teacher, so he has proved to be one of the most influential people in his life. (Source Accessed September 12, 2024: Dhamma Wiki: Anandajoti, Bhikkhu) | |
| Anderman, G. | ||
| Anders Bjonback | Anders holds a Bachelors degree from Naropa University and joined the Centre for Buddhist Studies in 2006. At CBS Anders graduated with a BA in Buddhist Studies in 2010 and afterwards joined the MA program.
His thesis supervisor was Dr. Karin Meyers and the external reader was Prof. Dr. Klaus-Dieter Mathes from the University of Vienna, Austria. Anders also secured a Tsadra foundation scholarship for his MA studies and recently took ordination. (Source Accessed Aug 12, 2020) | |
| Anderson, D. | ||
| Anderson, L. | ||
| Andras, A. | ||
| Andrea Ho | ||
| Andrea Miller | Andrea Miller is the deputy editor of Lion's Roar magazine (formerly the Shambhala Sun) and the author of two picture books: The Day the Buddha Woke Up and My First Book of Canadian Birds. She's also the editor of three anthologies, most recently All the Rage: Buddhist Wisdom on Anger and Acceptance. (Source Accessed July 28, 2020) | |
| Andrea Schlosser | PhD Dissertation: 2016 On the Bodhisattva Path in Gandhāra: Edition of Fragment 4 and 11 from the Bajaur Collection of Kharoṣṭhī Manuscripts.
2022 Book: Three Early Mahāyāna Treatises from Gandhāra: Bajaur Kharoṣṭhī Fragments 4, 6, and 11. Gandhāran Buddhist Texts, Volume 7. Seattle: University of Washington Press. https://www.indologie.uni-muenchen.de/personen/4_mitarbeiter/schlosser/index.html https://lmu-munich.academia.edu/AndreaSchlosser | |
| Andreas Catanese | ||
| Andreas Doctor | Andreas Doctor (PhD 2004, University of Calgary) is the director of the Dharmachakra Translation Committee and the editorial co-director of 84000.
For a number of years, Andreas has studied Buddhist history and philosophy under the guidance of Tibetan monks and lamas, mostly in Nepal at Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling Monastery. As a founding member of Rangjung Yeshe Institute, he spent fifteen years teaching at the Institute and for most of this period he served as director of studies at Kathmandu University’s Centre for Buddhist Studies, located at Rangjung Yeshe Institute. As director of the Dharmachakra Translation Committee, Andreas has participated in numerous translation projects, most recently in translating sūtras and tantras from the Tibetan canon. He is also a founding member of Rangjung Yeshe Gomde, Denmark. (Adapted from Source Oct 1, 2022) | |
| Andreas Kretschmar | Senior translator and student of Khenpo Chöga (b.1965) – a teacher at Shri Singha Shedra. Known online for translation of Khenpo Kunpal’s Commentary on Shantideva’s Bodhicaryavatara, part of which can be found here. | |
| Andrei-Valentin Bacrău | Andrei-Valentin Bacrău's work is focused on extrapolating a theory of ethics from Wittgenstein's views on language. Previously, he was at Nālandā University in Bihar, India, working on comparative ethics. As an undergraduate, he studied at the George Washington University in DC, where he double-majored in International Affairs (Security Policy), and Philosophy (Public Affairs). (Adapted from Source Feb 11, 2021) | |
| Andresen, J. | Jensine Andresen (Ph.D., Harvard University, 1997) is a Visiting Scholar in the Department of Religion at Columbia University in NYC. She previously taught at comparative world religions and religion and science at both Boston University and the University of Vermont. Dr. Andresen holds a B.S.E. in Civil Engineering from Princeton University; a Certificate from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University; an M.A. in Cultural Anthropology focusing on China from Columbia University; and an A.M. and Ph.D. from the Committee on the Study of Religion at Harvard University, where she focused on medieval Buddhist philosophy and practice in India and Tibet.
At Boston University, where the ‘Issues for the Millennium’ conference took place, Dr. Andresen taught in the interdisciplinary Ph.D. program in Science, Philosophy, and Religion. Her research there focused on bioethics as it relates to social justice and humanitarian concerns, such as those that surround the AIDS crisis in Africa and the world. Her work at BU addressed the interface of theology and public policy as it relates to xenotransplantation, gene therapy, human cloning, stem cell research, and intellectual property rights. Also while at BU, she conducted research on the role of the frontal lobes in mediating the relationship between spirituality and health. While at BU, Dr. Andresen also edited two volumes on the interface of cognitive science and religious experience, Religion in Mind: Cognitive Perspectives on Religious Belief, Ritual, and Experience (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2001); and Spiritual Models and Cognitive Maps: Interdisciplinary Explorations of Religious Experience (London: Imprint Academic, 2000). She also served as Director of InterFASE (International Faith & Science Exchange) , an organization committed to furthering dialogue between science and religion in the Boston area and elsewhere throughout the world. At Columbia University, Dr. Andresen has been focusing on developing a psychoanalytic interpretation of Tibetan Buddhist Vajrayana doctrine and practice as she has worked on translating the Sanskrit commentary on a medieval Indian Buddhist Vajrayana text called the Srilaghu Kalacakratantra. She has also worked extensively on the relationship between the phenomenology of contemplation in the Tibetan ‘Rdzgoschen’ (Great Perfection) system as it relates to contemporary findings in physics. Combining psychoanalytic, postmodern, and phenomenological approaches to the encounter of so-called self and other, she works to understand the interpenetrative arising of cosmology, biology, and awareness. Source Works by Jensine Andresen | |
| Andrew Quintman | Andrew Quintman is a scholar of Buddhist traditions in Tibet and the Himalayan world focusing on Buddhist literature and history, sacred geography and pilgrimage, and visual cultures of the wider Himalaya. His work addresses the intersections of Buddhist literary production, circulation, and reception; the reciprocal influences of textual and visual narratives; and the formation of religious subjectivities and institutional identities. He is also engaged in developing new digital tools for the study and teaching of religion. His book, The Yogin and the Madman: Reading the Biographical Corpus of Tibet’s Great Saint Milarepa (Columbia University Press 2014), won the American Academy of Religion’s 2014 Award for Excellence in the Study of Religion, the 2015 Heyman Prize for outstanding scholarship from Yale University, and received honorable mention for the 2016 E. Gene Smith Book Prize at the Association of Asian Studies. In 2010 his new English translation of the Life of Milarepa was published by Penguin Classics. He is currently working on two new projects, one exploring Buddhist religious and literary culture in the borderlands of Tibet and Nepal, and the other examining the Life of the Buddha through visual and literary materials associated with the seventeenth-century Jonang Monastery in western Tibet. (Source: Wesleyan Website)
Quintman currently serves as the President of the Board of Directors of the Buddhist Digital Resource Center (BDRC). He is former Co-Chair of the Tibetan and Himalayan Religions Group of the American Academy of Religion and co-leads an ongoing collaborative workshop on Religion and the Literary in Tibet. You can see an amazing example of Quintman's contributions to digital scholarship on the Life of the Buddha project website. | |
| Andrew Skilton | Andrew Skilton is a scholar of the Buddhist history and literature of South, Southeast Asia. He studied Buddhism and Buddhist languages at the universities of Bristol and Oxford, where he did his Ph.D. on the Samādhirājasūtra, a major Mahāyāna scripture, examining its Chinese, Tibetan, Sanskrit, and Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit recensions. He was senior lecturer in Buddhist studies at Cardiff University and associate lecturer and research fellow at SOAS, London. He is now senior research fellow in Buddhist studies in the Theology and Religious Studies Department at King’s College, London, and also manages the Revealing Hidden Collections Project at the Bodleian Library, Oxford. His publications include A Concise History of Buddhism, The Bodhicaryāvatāra (with Kate Crosby), and How the Nāgas Were Pleased. (Source Accessed Jan 7, 2021) | |
| Andrew, Fagan | ||
| Andrew, M. | ||
| Andrews, A. | ||
| Andrews, S. | ||
| André Bareau | André Bareau (December 31, 1921- March 2, 1993) was a prominent French Buddhologist and a leader in the establishment of the field of Buddhist Studies in the 20th century. He was a professor at the Collège de France from 1971 to 1991 and Director of the Study of Buddhist Philosophy at L'École Pratique des Hautes Études. (Source Accessed Apr 8, 2022) | |
| André Chédel | André Chédel, born in Neuchâtel in 1915 and died in Le Locle in 1984, was a self-taught Swiss philosopher and researcher, writer, orientalist and journalist.
The only child of a family from Le Locle, he had a great interest in Eastern languages and civilizations from a very young age. He first studied as an autodidact and then in Paris at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, at the School of Oriental Languages and at the Sorbonne between 1936 and 1939. Fascinated by the East and interested in philosophical, spiritual and religious ideas, in 1944 he composed an anthology of Eastern religious and sacred texts, then several essays, in particular Judaism and Christianity: the bases of an agreement between Jews and Christians, towards a spiritualist religion (1951), For a secular humanism (1963), On the threshold of Solomon's temple: reflections on Freemasonry (1977) and finally The absolute, this research: analysis of monotheistic religions (1980). His literary activity is rich, varied and accessible. Among other things, he also wrote a novel, The Rise to Carmel (1958), a collection of short stories Contes et portraits (1958), a set of short texts Vagabondages: evocations and reflections (1974), as well as various travel stories. At the same time, he translated numerous texts into French, in particular works in Russian (La Russie face à l'Occident by Dostoyevsky in 1945, Les Nouvelles by Anton Chekhov in 1959), in ancient Greek (Les Perses d' Eschyle in 1946), in Arabic (Choice of Tales from the Arabian Nights in 1949), in Sanskrit (Bhagavad-Gîtâ in 1971 ). In addition, he wrote several prefaces. In addition to his abundant publications, André Chédel was also a freelance journalist and collaborated with numerous daily newspapers and reviews: the Journal de Genève, the Gazette de Lausanne, L'Essor (of which he was the head from 1950 to 1952), L'Impartial, La Revue de Suisse, La Vie protestante, and others. André Chédel was a Freemason, a member of the Swiss Grand Lodge Alpina. He finally received several prizes and distinctions, he is notably Doctor of Letters Honoris Causa from the University of Neuchâtel in 1962. From the French Academy, he received the Louis-Paul-Miller Prize in 1972 for his book Vers l'Universalité. (Source Accessed Apr 7, 2022) | |
| Andy Rotman | For the last 25 years, Andy Rotman has engaged in textual and ethnographic work on the role of narratives, images and markets in South Asia and the religious, social and political functions that they serve. This focus is apparent in his research on early Indian Buddhism, South Asian media and the modern economies of the North Indian bazaar.
His recent publications include Amar Akbar Anthony: Bollywood, Brotherhood, and the Nation (Harvard University Press, 2015), co-written with William Elison and Christian Novetzke, which offers a multiperspectival exegesis of one of India’s most popular films; Thus Have I Seen: Visualizing Faith in Early Indian Buddhism (Oxford University Press, 2009), which considers the construction of faith as a visual practice in Buddhism, and how seeing and believing function as part of intersecting visual and moral systems; and Divine Stories: Translations from the Divyāvadāna, part 1 (Wisdom Publications, 2008), the first half of a two-part translation of an important collection of ancient Buddhist narratives. This volume inaugurated a new translation series from Wisdom Publications called Classics of Indian Buddhism, of which he is also the chief editor. The second volume, Divine Stories: Translations from the Divyāvadāna, part 2, was published with Wisdom Publications in 2017. Rotman's current research focuses on two book projects, both of which explore the intersection of religion and the market, and the role of mercantilism in creating and resisting moral worlds: (1) Bazaar Religion: Marketing and Moral Economics in Modern India (Harvard University Press, under contract), a longitudinal study of the main bazaars in Varanasi, which examines the moral economy behind the objective economy of visible transactions and the ways that it creates, mediates and sacralizes various moods and modes of behavior; and (2) Saving the World through Commerce? Buddhists, Merchants, and Mercantilism in Early India, which chronicles the close relationship that Buddhism had with merchants and mercantilism in the early centuries of the Common Era, and how the market left its imprint on the foundations of Buddhism, particularly on Buddhist conceptions of morality. Rotman's courses are concerned with South Asian religion, both premodern and modern, and though he believes that religious studies offer an important heuristic for penetrating the complexities of many social phenomena, he likes to teach materials from a variety of disciplines as a way of triangulating issues. He was trained to examine problems as a scholar of religion and as a philologist, anthropologist and cultural historian, and he trains his students to do the same. Rotman also likes to use nontraditional media in the classroom, such as chromolithographs, advertisements, video archives and devotional recordings to offer insight into under-represented aspects of South Asian religious life, contextualize traditional materials and animate discussions. (Source Accessed July 28, 2021) | |
| Angraj Chaudhary | Angraj Chaudhary was appointed Professor of Pāli at the Nava Nalanda Mahavihara University in the Indian State of Bihar in 1980. Besides teaching English and Pāli, the professor carried out research and editing work, and guided MA, PhD, and D. Litt students in their research. Soon after retirement from Bihar Education Service in 1992 the professor joined Vipassana Research Institute at Dhamma Giri, established by our late Vipassana Teacher S.N. Goenka.
Based at Dhamma Giri, the professor has worked on editing Pāli books and translating some of the Pāli atthakathas, or commentaries, (written 1500 year ago but not translated into any other language) into Hindi for the first time. The Professor has also transliterated some of the Pāli atthakathas into Devanagari script and he was one of the editors who edited the Pāli Tipiṭaka with its atthakathas, tikas (sub-commentaries), and anutikas in Devanagari script in 140 volumes for the first time-a Himalayan task never undertaken anywhere in the whole world. From the various books he published, mostly on different aspects of Buddhist philosophy and Pāli literature, the Pariyatti Edition Aspects of Buddha-Dhamma is his latest. (Source Accessed Nov 15, 2023) | |
| Ani K. Trinlay Chödron | Khenmo Trinlay Chödron is a senior student of Khenchen Rinpoche. She teaches at the Tibetan Meditation Center in Fredrick, Maryland, as well as at affiliated centers in the United States and Sweden. (Source Accessed Sept 4 2020) | |
| Ani Lodrö Palmo | Ani Lodrō Palmo was one of the most senior and earliest Tibetan Buddhist nuns from the West. She was born and grew up in Vermont, USA, and went to India in the early 1960’s with a strong calling to serve humanity in the Peace Corps. While there she met one of the greatest lamas of the Kagyu tradition, Kyabje Khamtrul Rinpoche, and took her monastic vows with him. Since then she lived mainly in the East studying and practicing all the major traditions of Tibetan Buddhism, particularly under the guidance of Kyabje Khamtrul Rinpoche and Kyabje Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. She received many empowerments and teachings from other lamas such as the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa, Kyabje Dudjom Rinpoche, Kyabje Dodrupchen Rinpoche, Kyabje Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche, Kyabje Chatral Rinpoche, Kyabje Khunu Rinpoche, Kyabgon Sakya Gongma Rinpoche, along with many of the younger generation of Tibetan teachers. Ani la studied and practiced the Vajrayana dharma for almost sixty years and much of this time she spent in retreat. She possessed immense humility as a practitioner and was incredibility devoted, clear, and dedicated to the path of enlightenment. She also was a fierce advocate for social justice, the environment, and political democracy and equality for all. She held these values dear to her heart and expressed them candidly to us all. (Adapted from Source July 25, 2023) | |
| Ann Helm | A long–term student of Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche, Ann joined the Nalanda Translation Committee in 1986. She studied Tibetan at Naropa University, mainly with Dzigar Kongtrul, and she taught Tibetan and Foundations of Buddhism at Naropa from 1991-2004. After 30 years in Boulder, Ann lived as a retreatant for eight years at Padma Samye Ling, the monastery in upstate New York of Khenchen Palden Sherab and Khenpo Tsewang Dongyal. From 1997 to 2014, she translated primarily with Ringu Tulku and for Dharma Samudra, the Khenpo Brothers’ publication group. In 2014 Ann moved to Portland, Oregon, where she continues her Buddhist practice and study under the guidance of Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche. (Source Accessed Sept 9, 2020) | |
| Anna Zilman | Anna (a.k.a. Anya) holds a MA degree in Buddhist Studies from the Kathmandu University Centre for Buddhist Studies at the Rangjung Yeshe Institute. Her MA thesis was entitled: “Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and the Nonsectarian Movement: A Critical Look at Representations of 19th Century Tibetan Buddhism”. Anna joined the BA program at RYI in 2007, and the Translator Training Program (TTP) in 2008 and has been teaching in RYI since 2009 as a language instructor in the TTP. She has been the a manager of the TTP since 2010. Anna also interprets for a variety of different teachers from Tibetan into English and Russian. (Source Accessed Sept 30, 2020) | |
| Annabella Pitkin | Annabella Pitkin is associate professor of Buddhism/East Asian religions and director of the Asian Studies Program at Lehigh University. Pitkin’s wide-ranging research spans classical and contemporary Tibetan Buddhism, East Asian religion and pop culture, and Buddhist social and ecological movements. Her research focuses on Tibetan Buddhist modernity, Buddhist ideals of renunciation, miracle narratives, and Buddhist biographies. She is on the editorial committee of the online database Treasury of Lives: A Biographical Encyclopedia of Tibet, Inner Asia, and the Himalaya. Pitkin is a member of the review committee for the Rubin Institute. (Source Accessed Dec 21, 2024) | |
| Anne Ansermet | [Anne Ansermet] grew up in Geneva, alongside a father [Ernest Ansermet] totally absorbed by music, where she met Ravel, de Falla, Stravinsky, [and] Ramuz. Having become a nurse, she converted to Catholicism, then married and lived in Paris, where she discovered the misery of the suburbs. After a divorce and two remarriages, she lived in Zurich and in the South of France. A few years later, she returned to Rolle with her son and established very close relationships with her father, accompanying him on his concert tours, developing a very rich intellectual exchange with him. Then she left for India, became a Buddhist, and returned to Switzerland to settle at the Buddhist Center of Mont-Pèlerin, before settling in Rolle. (Adapted from Source Feb 16, 2021) Anne was instrumental in helping to establish Rabten Choeling (formerly Tharpa Choeling) , one of the first Tibetan Buddhist monasteries to be established in the West after the exodus of Tibetans into India. At the age of 70, Anne was drawn to Buddhism and even traveled to India to be ordained by His Holiness the Dalai Lama. It was the hard work of Anne and her group that allowed the ordained and lay people in Tharpa Choeling to live a life of study and contemplation without having to worry about their material needs. (Adapted from Source Feb 16, 2021) | |
| Anne Burchardi | Anne Burchardi took refuge with Ven. Kalu Rinpoche in 1976.
In 1978 she became a student of Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche and started her education as a Tibetan translator with him. 1978–1980 she was the secretary of Center for Tibetan Buddhism, Karma Drub Djy Ling, Copenhagen, Denmark. 1978-1979 she was secretary at The Ethnographical Department of The National Museum, Copenhagen. In 1980 she became a member of The Translating Board of Kagyu Tekchen Shedra, International Educational Institute of Higher Learning, Bruxelles, Belgium. She lived in Kathmandu from 1984–1992 and in 1986 she became Teacher at Marpa Institute for Translation, Kathmandu, Nepal. 1988–1991 she was secretary and course coordinator at Marpa Institute for Translation. From 1986 to 2015 she was interpreter for various Tibetan Lamas of the Kagyu, Nyingma, and Gelukpa lineages teaching Buddhism mainly in Europe and Asia, and occasionally in the USA and Canada. 1997–2002 she was Teaching Assistant in Tibetan Language Studies, at The Asian Insitute, University of Copenhagen. 1999–2015 she was Associate Professor in Tibetology, Department of Asian Studies, Institute of Cross Cultural & Regional Studies, University of Copenhagen. 1999-2007 she was Research Librarian and Curator, Tibetan Section, Department of Orientalia & Judaica, The Royal Library of Denmark, Copenhagen. 2000 She was Consultant for Tibet, International Development Partners, DANIDA, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in Lhasa and Denmark. 2001-2015 she was Lecturer on Buddhism and Tibetan Culture at The Public University, Copenhagen & Aarhus. 2002–2010 she was Researcher and Consultant at The Twinning Library Project, between The National Library of Bhutan, Thimphu and The Royal Library of Denmark, Copenhagen. 2004–2005 she was Visiting Professor at Deparmnet of Religion, Naropa University, Boulder, CO. 2005–2015 she was Lecturer on Buddhism at Pende Ling, Center for Tibetan Buddhism, Copenhagen. 2007–2015 she was Lecturer on Buddhist Studies, The Buddhist University, Pende Ling, Copenhagen. 2010 She was for Consultant for Liason Office of Denmark, Thimphu, Bhutan, DANIDA, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Copenhagen. 2011-2013 She was a Culture Guide in Nepal, Bhutan, and Tibet for Cramon Travels and for Kipling Travels. 2012–2020 She was a translator for the 84000 project. (Source: Anne Burchardi Email, Jan 18, 2021.) | |
| Anne MacDonald | Dr. MacDonald is a researcher at the Institute for the Cultural and Intellectual History of Asia of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Vienna, Austria. Her primary focus is the development of Madhyamaka thought in India and Tibet. Her research on Chandrakirti's Prasannapada and Madhyamakavatarabhaṣya is based on newly available manuscripts of these works. (Source Accessed Apr 7, 2021) | |
| Anne Warren | Anne Warren is affiliated with the Cleveland chapter of Jewel Heart Tibetan Buddhist Learning Center. She serves on the Executive Committee as Dharma Coordinator. In addition, she is an editor of several works by Gelek Rimpoche. | |
| Anne-Marie Blondeau | Anne-Marie Blondeau is directeur détudes emeritus at the École pratique des Hautes Etudes (Sciences religieuses), Paris. | |
| Annestay, J. | ||
| Ansley, J. | ||
| Anthony A. Jack | Anthony Abraham Jack (Ph.D., Harvard University, 2016) is a junior fellow at the Harvard Society of Fellows and an assistant professor of Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. He holds the Shutzer Assistant Professorship at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.
His research documents the overlooked diversity among lower-income undergraduates: the Doubly Disadvantaged — those who enter college from local, typically distressed public high schools — and Privileged Poor — those who do so from boarding, day, and preparatory high schools. His scholarship appears in the Common Reader, Du Bois Review, Sociological Forum, and Sociology of Education and has earned awards from the American Educational Studies Association, American Sociological Association, Association for the Study of Higher Education, Eastern Sociological Society, and the Society for the Study of Social Problems. Jack held fellowships from the Ford Foundation and the National Science Foundation and was a National Academy of Education/Spencer Foundation Dissertation Fellow. The National Center for Institutional Diversity at the University of Michigan named him an Emerging Diversity Scholar. In May 2020, Muhlenberg College will award him an honorary doctorate for his work in transforming higher education. The New York Times, Boston Globe, The Atlantic, The New Yorker, The Chronicle of Higher Education, The Huffington Post, The Nation, American Conservative Magazine, The National Review, Commentary Magazine, The Washington Post, Financial Times, Times Higher Education, Vice, Vox, and NPR have featured his research and writing as well as biographical profiles of his experiences as a first-generation college student. The Privileged Poor: How Elite Colleges Are Failing Disadvantaged Students is his first book. (Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021) | |
| Anthony K. Warder | Anthony Kennedy Warder (8 September 1924 – 8 January 2013) was a British Indologist. His best-known works are Introduction to Pali (1963), Indian Buddhism (1970), and the eight-volume Indian Kāvya Literature (1972–2011).
He studied Sanskrit and Pali at the School of Oriental and African Studies, and received his doctorate from there in 1954. His thesis, supervised by John Brough, was entitled Pali Metre: A Study of the Evolution of Early Middle Indian Metre Based on the Verse Preserved in the Pali Canon. (When it was published in 1967, the title was changed to Pali Metre: A Contribution to the History of Indian Literature.) For a number of years, he was an active member of the Pali Text Society, which published his first book, Introduction to Pali, in 1963. He based his popular primer on extracts from the Dīgha Nikāya, and took the then revolutionary step of treating Pali as an independent language, not just a derivative of Sanskrit. His began his academic career at the University of Edinburgh in 1955, but in 1963 moved to the University of Toronto. There, as Chairman of the Department of East Asian Studies, he built up a strong programme in Sanskrit and South Asian studies. He retired in 1990. Studies on Buddhism in Honour of Professor A. K. Warder was published in 1993, edited by Narendra K. Wagle and Fumimaro Watanabe. He and his wife, Nargez, died of natural causes almost simultaneously on 8 January 2013. He was eighty-eight, and she was ninety. They had no children. They were buried together following a Buddhist service. (Source Accessed Feb 10, 2021) | |
| Anthony, Tribe | ||
| Anton Luis Sevilla | I do research on philosophy of education and ethics, drawing from and comparing Japanese philosophy (the Kyoto School of Philosophy), American philosophy (contemplative pedagogy, care ethics, Deweyan philosophy), and continental philosophy (existential education, post-structuralism). I am particularly interested in the ethical, existential, and spiritual aspects of education, and the kind of human relationships involved therein. My Ph.D. research was on Watsuji Tetsurô and the ethics of emptiness, which I completed under Buddhist philosopher Sueki Fumihiko (at the Graduate University of Advanced Studies, based in Nichibunken, Kyoto). I came to Kyushu University just this year (2015), but prior to this I taught in the Department of Philosophy of the Ateneo de Manila University in the Philippines for five years. (Source Accessed Aug 6, 2020) | |
| Anton Schiefner | Franz Anton (von) Schiefner (Russian Антон Антонович Шифнер, Anton Antonovič Šifner) was a Baltic German linguist and ethnologist. He is considered one of the founders of Uralistics, Tibetology, Mongolian Studies and Caucasian Studies.
Anton Schiefner was born into a Baltic German merchant family in Reval. The family had immigrated to Estonia from Bohemia . After graduating from the Knights and Cathedral School in Reval (Tallinn), he studied law at the University of St. Petersburg from 1836 to 1840 and Oriental Studies at the University of Berlin from 1840 to 1842. From 1843 Schiefner was a teacher of Latin and ancient Greek at a grammar school in Saint Petersburg, from 1863 librarian and later library director at the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. From 1852 he represented the subject of Tibetology at the Academy, of which he was an associate member from 1854 until his death. From 1860 to 1873 he simultaneously held a professorship in Latin and Greek at the Roman Catholic Seminary. In the years 1863, 1865 and 1878 he stayed in England for research purposes. In 1866 he was appointed Real Councilor of State. Schiefner was a corresponding member of the Finnish Literary Society. With numerous publications, Schiefner has made a significant contribution to research into Tibetan and Mongolian. Milestones were his editing of the New Testament in Mongolian and the translation of Buddha texts from Tibetan. In addition, Schiefner was one of the best experts on Finno-Ugric languages of his time. He is famous for his translation of the Finnish national epic Kalevala under the title Kalevala, the national epic of the Finns, the first translation into the German language (1852). Between 1853 and 1862 he published the work of the young man in twelve volumes Matthias Alexander Castrén, who laid the foundation for academic study of the Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic languages of Russia. In addition, Schiefner devoted himself to the languages of the Caucasus and topics of Indology. (Source Accessed Aug 25, 2023) | |
| Anton-Luca, A. | ||
| Antonetta Lucia Bruno | Antonetta L. Bruno's research explores linguistic anthropology, religions and popular culture. Among her publications there are studies on shamanic language, language strategies, the switching levels of the speech and the emotional transformation in religious contexts within Korean culture, food, film, and popular culture. (Source Accessed Aug 11, 2023) | |
| Anukul Chandra Banerjee | ||
| Anupamarakṣita | ||
| Anuruddha | ||
| Anyen Rinpoche | Anyen Rinpoche is a recognized tulku of the Longchen Nyingthig lineage within the Nyingma tradition. Born and raised in Amdo, Tibet, he trained extensively in Dzogchen meditation and Buddhist scholarship under his root teacher Kyabje Tsara Dharmakirti Rinpoche. Founder of the Orgyen Khamdroling Dharma Center in Denver, Colorado, Anyen Rinpoche is known for his deep spiritual insight and accessible teaching style. He is the author of many books, often in collaboration with his wife and translator, Allison Choying Zangmo, including Union of Dzogchen and Bodhichitta, Stop Biting the Tail You’re Chasing, and The Tibetan Yoga of Breath. He is also founder of the Phowa Foundation, which focuses on helping people prepare for a peaceful and conscious death. (Source Accessed Jan 24, 2025) | |
| Aoki, M. | ||
| Apang Terton Choying Dorje | Apang Terchen Orgyen Trinlé Lingpa (1895-1945)
Choktrul Lozang Tendzin of Trehor studied with the lord Kunga Palden and the Chö master Dharma Seng-gé, and Apang Terchen in turn studied with Lozang Tendzin. Apang Terchen, also known as Orgyen Trinlé Lingpa, was renowned as the rebirth of Rigdzin Gödem. He was reputed to have been conceived in the following way: Traktung Dudjom Lingpa focused his enlightened intent while resting in the basic space of timeless awareness, whereupon Apang Terchen's mother experienced an intense surge of delight. This caused all ordinary concepts based on confusion to be arrested in her mind for a short time, and it was then that Apang Terchen was conceived in her womb.2 From that moment on, his mother constantly had dreams that were amazing omens. For example, she found herself among groups of dakinis enjoying the splendor of ganachakras, or being bathed by many dakas and dakinis, or dwelling in pavilions of light, illuminating the entire world with her radiance. The child was born one morning at dawn, in the area of Serta in eastern Tibet, his mother having experienced no discomfort. Her dwelling was filled with [2.188a] and surrounded by light, as though the sun were shining brightly. There were also pavilions of light, and a fragrance pervaded the entire area, although no one could tell where it came from. Everyone saw numerous amazing signs on the child's body, such as a tuft of vulture feathers adorning the crown of his head.3 The mother's brother, Sönam Dorjé, asked, "What will become of this boy who has no father? How shameful it would be if people saw these feathers!"4 But although he cut the feather tuft off the child's head several times, it grew back on its own, just as before. This upset Sönam Dorjé even more, and he berated his sister angrily, saying on numerous occasions, "How could your child have no father? You must tell me who he is!" His sister retorted, "With the truth of karma as my witness, I swear I have never lain with a flesh-and-blood man of this world. This pregnancy might be a result of my own karma." She became so extremely depressed that her fellow villagers couldn't bear it and used various means to bring a halt to her brother's inappropriate behavior. From an early age, this great master, Apang Terchen, felt an innate and unshakable faith in Guru Rinpoché and had a clear and natural knowledge [2.188b] of the vajra guru mantra and the Seven-Line Supplication. He learned how to read and write simply upon being shown the letters and exhibited incredible signs of his spiritual potential awakening. For example, his intelligence, which had been developed through training in former lifetimes, was such that no one could compete with him. As he grew up, he turned his attention toward seeking the quintessential meaning of life. He studied at the feet of many teachers and mentors, including the Nyingtik master Gyatsok Lama Damlo and Terchen Sogyal, studying many of the mainstream traditions of the sutras and tantras, especially those of the kama and terma. The most extraordinary lord of his spiritual family was Trehor Drakar Tulku,5 with whom he studied for a long time, receiving the complete range of empowerments, oral transmissions, and pith instructions of the secret Nyingtik cycles of utter lucidity. He went to solitary ravines throughout the region, making caves and overhangs on cliffs his dwelling places, taking birds and wild animals as his companions, and relying on the most ragged clothing and meager diet. He planted the victory banner of spiritual practice, meditating for a long period of time. He was graced by visions of an enormous array of his personal meditation deities, [2.189a] including Tara, Avalokiteshvara, Mañjushri, Sarasvati, and Amitayus. He was not content to leave the true nature of phenomena an object of intellectual speculation, and his realization progressed in leaps and bounds. Apang Terchen bound the eight classes of gods and demons — including such spirits as Nyenchen Tanglha, Ma Pomra, and Sergyi Drong-ri Mukpo6 — to his service. He communicated directly with Tsiu Marpo, the white form of Mahakala, Ganapati, and other protective deities, like one person conversing with another, and enjoined them to carry out his enlightened activities. So great was his might that he also bound these protective deities to his service, causing lightning to strike and so forth, so that those who had become his enemies were checked by very direct means, before years, months, or even days had passed. Notably, he beheld the great master of Orgyen in a vision and was blessed as the regent of Guru Padmakara's three secret aspects. On the basis of a prophecy he received at that time, Apang Terchen journeyed to amazing holy sites, such as Draklha Gönpo in Gyalrong, Khandro Bumdzong in the lowlands of eastern Tibet, and Dorjé Treldzong in Drakar, where he revealed countless terma caches consisting of teachings, objects of wealth, and sacred substances. He revealed some of them in secret, others in the presence of large crowds. In these ways, he revealed a huge trove of profound termas. [2.189b] Those revealed publicly were brought forth in the presence of many fortunate people and in conjunction with truly incredible omens, which freed all present from the bonds of doubt and inspired unshakable faith in them. Apang Terchen's fame as an undisputed siddha and tertön resounded throughout the land, as though powerful enough to cause the earth to quake. His terma teachings are found in the numerous volumes of his collected works and include The Hidden Treasure of Enlightened Mind: The Thirteen Red Deities, practices focusing on the Three Roots, cycles concerning guardian deities and the principle of enlightened activity, and his large instruction manual on Dzogchen teachings. Apang Terchen's students, from Dartsedo in the east, to Repkong in Amdo to the north, to the three regions of Golok and other areas, included mentors who nurtured the teachings and beings, masters such as those known as the "four great illuminators of the teachings," the "four vajra ridgepoles,11 the "four named Gyatso," the "great masters, the paired sun and moon," and Jangchub Dorjé (the custodian of Apang Terchen's termas).7 He also taught important political figures who exerted great influence over the people of their areas, including the "four great chieftains of the region of Dza in the north," [2.190a] that is, Getsé Tsering Dorjé of Dza in the northern reaches of eastern Tibet, Gönlha of Akyong in Golok, Mewa Namlo of the Mé region of Golok, and the chieftain of Serta in Washul. Apang Terchen's students also included countless monks, nuns, villagers, and lay tantric practitioners. He transmitted his own termas and the great Nyingtik cycles of the Dzogchen teachings, and so numerous were those he guided that he truly embodied the enlightened activity of one who held sway over the three realms. In these times of spiritual degeneration, he alleviated problems caused by disease, famine, border wars, and civil unrest. In such ways, Apang Terchen rendered great service to the land of Tibet. His kindness to the Tibetan people as a whole was truly extraordinary, for he worked to ensure a glorious state of peace and well-being. During a pilgrimage to Jowo Yizhin Norbu, the statue of the lord Shakyamuni in Lhasa, Apang Terchen paid respect to many tens of thousands of ordained members of the sangha, sponsoring ganachakras, making offerings, and offering meals, tea, and donations at such monastic centers as Sera, Drepung, and Ganden. He sponsored the gilding of statues in these centers and in such ways strove to reinforce his positive qualities. Everyone could see that no matter how many avenues he found to extend generosity, his resources of gold, silver, and other valuables [2.190b] continued to increase, as though he had access to a treasure mine. Among his heart children and intimate students were his sons, Gyurmé Dorjé, Wangchen Nyima, and Dotrul Rinpoché; his daughter, Tare Lhamo; and the custodian of his termas, Jangchub Dorjé. Until recently, Tare Lhamo lived in eastern Tibet, maintaining the teachings.8 Thus did Apang Terchen benefit beings with his incredible compassion and activities. As his life was nearing an end, he remarked, "For the sake of the teachings and of beings, I must enter the bloodline of the glorious Sakya school." This fearless lion's roar proved to be his last testament, spoken with an unobscured awareness of past, present, and future. He then manifested incredible miracles and departed for the great palace of Pema Ö.
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| Apisin Sivayathorn | ||
| App, U. | ||
| Apple, J. | ||
| Apte, V.S. | Vaman Shivram Apte was an Indian lexicographer and a professor of Sanskrit at Pune's Fergusson College. He is best known for his compilation of a dictionary, The Student's English-Sanskrit Dictionary. (Wikipedia) | |
| Aramaki, N. | ||
| Aran, L. | ||
| Arca, G. | ||
| Ardussi, J. | ||
| Ari Goldfield | Ari Goldfield is a Buddhist teacher. He had the unique experience of being continuously in the training and service of his own teacher, Khenpo Tsültrim Gyamtso Rinpoche, for eleven years. From 1998-2009, Ari served as Khenpo Rinpoche’s translator and secretary, accompanying Rinpoche on seven round-the-world teaching tours. Ari received extensive instruction from Rinpoche in Buddhist philosophy, meditation, and teaching methods, and meditated under Rinpoche’s guidance in numerous retreats. In 2006, Khenpo Rinpoche sent Ari on his own tour to teach philosophy, meditation, and yogic exercise in Europe, North America, and Asia. In 2007, Ari moved with Rinpoche to Seattle, where he served and helped care for him until Rinpoche moved back to Nepal in 2009. Ari now teaches in Rinpoche’s Karma Kagyu lineage, with the blessings of the head of the lineage, H.H. the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa, and of Khenpo Rinpoche.
Ari is also a published translator and author of books, articles, and numerous songs of realization and texts on Buddhist philosophy and meditation. These include Khenpo Rinpoche’s books Stars of Wisdom, The Sun of Wisdom, and Rinpoche’s Song of the Eight Flashing Lances teaching, which appeared in The Best Buddhist Writing 2007. He is a contributing author of Freeing the Body, Freeing the Mind: Writings on the Connections Between Yoga and Buddhism. Ari studied Buddhist texts in Tibetan and Sanskrit at Buddhist monasteries in Nepal and India, and at the Central Institute for Higher Tibetan Studies in India. In addition to translating for Khenpo Rinpoche, he has also served as translator for H.H. Karmapa, Tenga Rinpoche, and many other Tibetan teachers. From 2007–11, Ari served as president of the Marpa Foundation, a nonprofit organization initiated by Khenpo Rinpoche that supports Buddhist translation, nunneries in Bhutan and Nepal, and other Buddhist activities. Ari holds a BA from Harvard College and a JD from Harvard Law School, both with honors. (Source Accessed July 22, 2020) | |
| Aris, A. | ||
| Ariyaratne, A. | ||
| Ariyesako, B. | ||
| Arne Schelling | Arne Schelling studied Western and Chinese medicine in Germany and China and now works as a physician in Berlin. From 1995 to 2001 he worked to develop the Kagyu Centers Theksum Tashi Chöling in Hamburg and Kamalashila-Institute in Langenfeld, Germany. He frequently translates (from English to German) for masters of all the Tibetan Buddhist traditions, in Germany and Switzerland. In 2001 Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche appointed Arne as president of Siddhartha’s Intent Europe, and he later became a country representative for Khyentse Foundation in Germany. Since 2002 he has directed the film project "Heart Advice," which aims to preserve the essence of the teachings of Tibetan masters. He also gives instruction at several Buddhist centers in Germany. | |
| Arnold Kunst | Born in Poland, Arnold Kunst studied first at the University of Lwów. He later studied in Vienna, with Erich Frauwallner, as well as in Warsaw, with Stanislaw Schayer; and it was under this gifted Warsaw historian of Indian philosophy and religion that he took his doctorate. His thesis, published under the title of Probleme der buddhistischen Logik in der Darstellung des Tattvasaṅgraha (Polska Akademia Umiejȩtności, Prace komisji orientalistycznej Nr. 33, Kraków 1939), was devoted to an edition and translation of the Anumāna-chapter in Śāntarakṣita's great treatise on the main topics of Indian philosophy. Together with his teacher Stanistaw Schayer, Arnold Kunst was thus responsible for inaugurating in Europe the careful study on both a philological and philosophical basis of Śāntarakṣita's Tattvasaṃgraha.
Having moved to England just before the war, Arnold Kunst published in collaboration with E. H. Johnston the Sanskrit text of Nāgārjuna's Vigrahavyāvartanī (Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques 9 [1948-1951], pp. 99-152; reprinted, with an English translation in Kamaleswar Bhattacharya, The dialectical method of Nāgārjuna, Delhi 1978). His continuing interest in problems of Indian logic is reflected in later articles, such as the one on the vexed question of the excluded middle in Buddhism (Rocznik Orientalistyczny 21 [1957], pp. 141-7). His work on the Tattvasaṃgraha and Kamalaśīla's Pañjikā on it also brought him to lndo-Tibetan studies. In this field he published not only an edition of the Tibetan translation, contained in the Tibetan bsTan 'gyur, of Kamalaśīla's Pañjikā on the Anumāna-chapter of the Tattvasaṃgraha but also a detailed study on the editions of the bsTan 'gyur, one of our main sources for the history of classical Indian philosophy (Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques 8 [1947], pp. 106-216). In 1947 Arnold Kunst took leave of absence from the School of Oriental and African Studies (University of London), where he had been appointed a lecturer, to take up a post as an international civil servant at the United Nations secretariat in New York. There he remained until 1963, dealing with non-selfgoverning territories in the Trusteeship Department. This new activity brought him again, if in a different way, into close contact with Asia, where he travelled extensively; and in carrying out this work he was no doubt inspired and helped by his training as an Indologist and historian of Indian and Buddhist thought. On resuming a lectureship at the School of Oriental and African Studies in 1964, Arnold Kunst turned his attention to early and classical Indian thought in general. From this period comes for example his study on the interpretation of the Svetāśvataropaniṣad (Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 31 [1968], pp. 309-314) which has recently been reprinted in India in a volume of essays dedicated to Ludwik Sternbach, his old friend and colleague both in Indological studies and at the United Nations (Ludwik Sternbach felicitation volume, Akhila Bharatiya Sanskrit Parishad, Lucknow 1979, pp. 565-572). Arnold Kunst gave expression to his humanistic and pragmatic concerns in Indian studies in his article 'Man - the creator' published in this journal (JIP 4 [1976], pp. 51-68). Pointing out there that classical Indian thought was largely non-theistic (rather than atheistic), and that in it man rather than God very often figures as creator, he has observed that 'the soteriological spark lies in man, the obstacles and hindrances in creation, and the kinetisation of the spark generated by the realization of the dichotomy [between creation and puruṣa, etc.] is enhanced by such variety of methods as each separate system has adopted .... The versatile Yoga system as known from the Yogasūtras has but reversed the processes of the Sāṃkhya ontology and by their adaptation to the exclusively psychological aspects has devised a way to manipulate the intrinsic and extrinsic phenomena.., to de-create creation and to con-struct the absolute by de-struction of the phenomenal' (p. 57). 'To those to whom God is the maker and creator, a man-made creation, acquitting God of his creatures' good and bad experiences and actions, may be heresy and offence .... It was gnosticism that was the rule and orthodoxy rather than exception and heresy in post-Vedic thinking in India, while it was exception and heresy rather than rule and orthodoxy in Christian religions' (p. 62). 'The egoeentrism of man was, no doubt, responsible for the emphasis on his soteriological aspirations, and on the setting of his moral and ethical code. The question was, how far this code included or excluded man's participation in society and how much stress it laid on solipsistic criteria as yardsticks of man's advancement as a member of a nation .... In ancient India, the transitional period from Vedic ritualism to soteriological speculations was generally marked by total or partial rejection of God's interference in man's quest for spiritual attainment .... It sounds all so very pragmatic; but the pragmatism is of a type difficult to translate into social values. Modern India has tried to undo the social damage brought about by •.. overspiritualization. It was tried to reintroduce God as the creator in order to unburden man of his cosmic responsibility and turn his attention to India as a society .... The attempt, though formidable, is by no means uniform .... Non-theism has largely shifted to either agnosticism or to theism' (pp. 62-63). In his two-fold activity as a scholar - in Warsaw, Vienna, Oxford, London, and Cambridge - and as an international civil servant - in New York and Asia - Arnold Kunst sought to resolve one of the dualities to which he has called attention, that between social values involving participation and the (perhaps 'overspiritualized') world of the mind. (D. Seyfort Ruegg, "IN MEMORIAM ARNOLD KUNST (1903-1981)," Journal of Indian Philosophy 11 (1983) 3-5). | |
| Aronson, H. | ||
| Arslan, S. | ||
| Artemus Engle | Artemus B. Engle began studying the Tibetan language in Howell, New Jersey in early 1971 at Labsum Shedrup Ling, the precursor of the Tibetan Buddhist Learning Center. In 1972 he became a student of Sera Mey Khensur Lobsang Tharchin Rinpoche, a relationship that spanned more than thirty years. In 1975 he enrolled in the Buddhist Studies program at the University of Wisconsin in Madison and received a PhD in 1983. Since the mid-1980s he taught Tibetan language and Buddhist doctrine at the Mahayana Sutra and Tantra Center in Howell, New Jersey. In 2005 he became a Tsadra Foundation Translation Fellow and has worked primarily on the Pañcaskandhaprakarana and the Bodhisattvabhūmi. | |
| Arthur L. Basham | Arthur Llewellyn Basham FAHA (24 May 1914 – 27 January 1986) was a noted historian, Indologist and author of a number of books. As a Professor at the School of Oriental and African Studies, London in the 1950s and the 1960s, he taught a number of famous historians of India, including professors Ram Sharan Sharma, Romila Thapar, and V. S. Pathak and Thomas R. Trautmann and David Lorenzen. (Source Accessed Feb 5, 2025) | |
| Arthur Mandelbaum | ||
| Arthur Waley | Arthur David Waley (born Arthur David Schloss, 19 August 1889 – 27 June 1966) was an English orientalist and sinologist who achieved both popular and scholarly acclaim for his translations of Chinese and Japanese poetry. Among his honours were the CBE in 1952, the Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry in 1953, and he was invested as a Companion of Honour in 1956.
Although highly learned, Waley avoided academic posts and most often wrote for a general audience. He chose not to be a specialist but to translate a wide and personal range of classical literature. Starting in the 1910s and continuing steadily almost until his death in 1966, these translations started with poetry, such as A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems (1918) and Japanese Poetry: The Uta (1919), then an equally wide range of novels, such as The Tale of Genji (1925–26), an 11th-century Japanese work, and Monkey, from 16th-century China. Waley also presented and translated Chinese philosophy, wrote biographies of literary figures, and maintained a lifelong interest in both Asian and Western paintings. A recent evaluation called Waley "the great transmitter of the high literary cultures of China and Japan to the English-reading general public; the ambassador from East to West in the first half of the 20th century", and went on to say that he was "self-taught, but reached remarkable levels of fluency, even erudition, in both languages. It was a unique achievement, possible (as he himself later noted) only in that time, and unlikely to be repeated. (Source Accessed Apr 22, 2020) | |
| Ary, E. | Adjunct Professor chez ESSEC Business School. Geshe Khunawa, recognized by the 14th Dalai Lama; Discovered by Geshe Pema Gyaltsen. Elijah Sacvan Ary was born in Vancouver, Canada. In 1979, at age seven, he was recognized as the reincarnation, or tulku, of a Tibetan scholar and spent his teenage years as a monk at Sera Monastery in South India. He went on to study at the University of Quebec in Montreal and the National Institute for Eastern Languages and Civilizations (Inalco) in Paris, and he earned his PhD in the Study of Religion from Harvard University. His writings have appeared in the books Little Buddhas: Children and Childhoods in Buddhist Texts and Traditions, Oxford Bibliographies Online: Buddhism, Contemporary Visions in Tibetan Studies, and Blue Jean Buddha: Voices of Young Buddhists. He lives in Paris with his wife and teaches Buddhism and Tibetan religious history at several institutions. Source Accessed Jun 12, 2015 | |
| Arènes, P. | ||
| Asani, A. | ||
| Asao Iwamatsu | ||
| Asaṅga | ||
| Ashok Kumar Chatterjee | Mahamahopadhyaya Yogacharya Dr Ashoke Kumar Chatterjee . . . was born in 1933 in West Bengal. . . . He received initiation in Kriyayoga in April 1961. He reached the pinnacle of Kriyayoga within a short span.
His three Gurus were stalwarts in this discipline. His first Guru was Sri Annada Charan Shastri (Bhattacharya) disciple of Panchanan Bhattacharya, an elevated disciple of Yogiraj Sri Shama Churn Lahiree. After Sastriji’s demise, Dr Chatterjee obtained initiation from Sundarlal Lalaji of Varanasi, disciple of Harinarayan Paladhi, who was the disciple of Yogiraj and later from Sri Satyacharan Lahiri, grandson of Yogiraj. Today Mahamahopadhyaya Yogacharya Dr Ashoke Kumar Chatterjee is acknowledged as a World Kriyayoga Master. Being an ardent devotee of Sanatana Dharma Polestar, Yogiraj Shama Churn Lahiree and to propagate His ideals and tenets before the masses so that they derive the right path, the right enlightenment, he has penned many books in Bengali, illustrating the science of Kriyayoga. Most of his books have been published in Indian languages like Hindi, Oriya, Telugu, Marathi, Gujarati, Tamil, and Malayalam. ‘Purana Purusha Yogiraj Sri Shama Churn Lahiree’ has been published in French also. His other book ‘Who is this Shama Churn?’ is published in English. He has authored quite a number of articles delineating the science hence rationality of Kriyayoga. He has authored several books, poems, detailing the life, ideals, precepts, sadhana realisations of Yogiraj and expounded the innate significance of Prana, dharma and God concept. His writings have unfolded a new chapter on Indology. He has founded Spiritual Centres for Kriyayoga revived by Yogiraj Shamachurn – at Kakdwip & Bankura (in West Bengal), Degaon (Near Pune, in Maharashtra), Hyderabad with the objective that mankind can derive the Kriyayoga revived by Yogiraj. He has organized philanthropic activities through this Mission. To further Yogiraj-consciousness he has travelled throughout India and many places in Orient and Occident. People irrespective of caste, creed, colour, nation, language, Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Buddhists, Jains, untouchables, renouncers, are all coming under his aegis and are finding in him their haven and panacea for all evils. He has large following throughout India and abroad like USA, England, France, Spain, Canada, Australia, South Korea, Bangladesh etc. Mahamahopadhyaya Yogacharya Dr. Ashoke Kumar Chatterjee was invited as sole representative from India to participate and mediate in the Parliament of World Religions held at Val St. Hugon, France in 1997 convened by Dalai Lama and sponsored by UNO, UNESCO, UNCHR. At this Parliament of World Religions, he upheld the tenets of Sanatana yogadharma to the world with a clarion voice. His brilliant exegesis on the subject of love, peace and solidarity – ‘ONE GOD, ONE RELIGION, ONE WORLD, ONE MAN’ at The Parliament of World Religions received tumultuous applause. French newspapers commented on him to be ‘wise worthy dignified sage’ ‘a seer’ a visionary’ etc. Moreover, he has been conferred the prestigious Honoris Causa (MAHAMAHOPADHYAYA) by Tirupati Sanskrit University, Tirupati at their 16th Annual Convocation for His inimitable contribution to Indology for six decades. In addition in December 2012, he was conferred the Lifetime Achievement Award at the 1st World Parliament of Spirituality held in Hyderabad. (Source Accessed Mar 9, 2021) | |
| Ashwani Peetush | Ashwani Peetush is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Wilfrid Laurier University in Waterloo, Ontario. His research areas encompass ethics, political philosophy, and Indian philosophy; particular themes of interest include human rights, pluralism,
and the metaphysics of the self and consciousness in Advaita Vedānta and Buddhism. His recent publications include Human Rights: India and the West (edited with Jay Drydyk, OUP, 2015); "Justice, Diversity, and Dialogue: Rawlsian Multiculturalism" in Multiculturalism and Religious Identity, ed. S. Sikka and L. Beaman (McGill-Queens Press, 2014); and "The Ethics of Radical Equality" in The Bloomsbury Research Handbook of Indian Ethics, ed. S. Ranganathan (Bloomsbury, 2017). (Source: Ethics without Self, Dharma without Atman) | |
| Assavavirulhakarn, P. | ||
| Astley, I. | ||
| Astrid Montuclard | ||
| Asvabhāva | ||
| Atiśa | ||
| Attwood, J. | ||
| Aubin, F. | ||
| Auguste Barth | Auguste Barth (born in Strasbourg 22 May 1834; died in Paris 15 April 1916) was a French orientalist. He is best known by his work in connection with the religions of India. His volume, Les religions de l'Inde (Paris, 1879), was translated into English (London, 1882). Mention may also be made of his Inscriptions sanscrites du Cambodge (Sanskrit inscriptions of Cambodia; Paris, 1885) and of numerous monographs and reviews in Journal Asiatique, in Mélusine, and in the Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique. His annual reports on researches into the history of Indian religions, in Revue de l'Histoire des Religions (1880) are especially valuable. He was a member of the French Institute. Barth became a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1896. (Source Accessed Aug 15, 2023) | |
| Augustine, M. | ||
| Aukland, K. | ||
| Aurelian Scrima | Aurelian Scrima was the founder and general manager of Herald Publishing House until 2016. | |
| Austin, J. | ||
| Avalokitavrata | ||
| Aya Bönpo Lhabum | ||
| Aziz, B. | ||
| Aśoka | Aśoka. (P. Asoka; T. Mya ngan med; C. Ayu wang; J. Aiku ō; K. Ayuk wang 阿育王) (c. 300-232 BCE; r. c. 268-232 BCE). Indian Mauryan emperor and celebrated patron of Buddhism; also known as Dharmāśoka. Son of Bindusāra and grandson of Candragupta, Aśoka was the third king of the Mauryan dynasty. Aśoka left numerous inscriptions recording his edicts and proclamations to the subjects of his realm. In these inscriptions, Aśoka is referred to as Devānām Priyaḥ, "beloved of the gods." These inscriptions comprise one of the earliest bodies of writing as yet deciphered from the Indian subcontinent. His edicts have been found inscribed on boulders, on stone pillars, and in caves and are widely distributed from northern Pakistan in the west, across the Gangetic plain to Bengal in the east, to near Chennai in South India. The inscriptions are ethical and religious in content, with some describing how Aśoka turned to the dharma after subjugating the territory of Kaliṅga (in the Coastal region of modern Andhra Pradesh) in a bloody war. In his own words, Aśoka states that the bloodshed of that campaign caused him remorse and taught him that rule by dharma, or righteousness, is superior to rule by mere force of arms. While the Buddha, dharma, and saṃgha are extolled and Buddhist texts are mentioned in the edicts, the dharma that Aśoka promulgated was neither sectarian nor even specifically Buddhist, but a general code of administrative, public, and private ethics suitable for a multireligious and multiethnic polity. It is clear that Aśoka saw this code of ethics as a diplomatic tool as well, in that he
dispatched embassies to neighboring states in an effort to establish dharma as the basis for international relations. The edicts were not translated until the nineteenth century, however, and therefore played little role in the Buddhist view of Aśoka, which derives instead from a variety of legends told about the emperor. The legend of Aśoka is recounted in the Sanskrit Divyāvadāna, in the Pāli chronicles of Sri Lanka, Dīpavaṃsa and Mahāvaṃsa, and in the Pāli commentaries, particularly the Samantapāsādikā. Particularly in Pāli materials, Aśoka is portrayed as a staunch sectarian and exclusive patron of the Pāli tradition. The inscriptional evidence, as noted above, does not support that claim. In the Mahāvaṃsa, for example, Aśoka is said to have been converted to Theravāda Buddhism by the novice Nigrodha, after which he purifies the Buddhist saṃgha by purging it of non-Theravāda heretics. He then sponsors the convention of the third Buddhist council (samgītī) under the presidency of Moggaliputtatissa, an entirely Theravāda affair. Recalling perhaps the historical Aśoka's diplomatic missions, the legend recounts how, after the council, Moggaliputtatissa dispatched Theravāda missions, comprised of monks, to nine adjacent lands for the purpose of propagating the religion, including Aśoka's son (Mahinda) and daughter (Saṅghamittā) to Sri Lanka. In Sri Lanka, where the legend appears to have originated, and in the Theravāda countries of Southeast Asia, the Pāli account of King Aśoka was adopted as one of the main paradigms of Buddhist kingship and models of ideal governance and proper saṃgha-state relations. A different set of legends, which do not recount the conversion of Sri Lanka, appears in Sanskrit sources, most notably, the Aśokāvadāna. (Source: "Aśoka." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 70–71. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) | |
| Aśvaghoṣa | ||
| Aḍitacandra | Indian paṇḍita known to have been an expert in Abhidharma and to have assisted in the Tibetan translation of the Saddharmasmṛtyupasthānasūtra. (Source Accessed Aug 31, 2021) | |
| B+ha ri rnal 'byor ma | ||
| B. Alan Wallace | Dynamic lecturer, progressive scholar, and one of the most prolific writers and translators of Tibetan Buddhism in the West, B. Alan Wallace, Ph.D., continually seeks innovative ways to integrate Buddhist contemplative practices with Western science to advance the study of the mind. Dr. Wallace, a scholar and practitioner of Buddhism since 1970, has taught Buddhist theory and meditation worldwide since 1976. Having devoted fourteen years to training as a Tibetan Buddhist monk, ordained by H. H. the Dalai Lama, he went on to earn an undergraduate degree in physics and the philosophy of science at Amherst College and a doctorate in religious studies at Stanford. (Source Accessed Nov 17, 2020) | |
| Ba Selnang | ||
| Baatra Erdene-Ochir | 'Baatra' Erdene-Ochir is a Ph.D. student in Buddhist Studies. He received a bachelor's degree in philosophy from UCSB and a master's degree in theological studies from Harvard Divinity School. He is interested in Indo-Tibetan Buddhist philosophical polemics and the history of Buddhist scholastic traditions as well as monastic institutions in Tibet and Mongolia. (Source Accessed June 9, 2021) | |
| Babbitt, I. | ||
| Bachofen, J. | ||
| Back, D. | ||
| Badz+ra ma ti | ||
| Badz+ra pra b+ha | ||
| Baer, B. | ||
| Baerdemaeker, J. | ||
| Bagdro, Ven. | ||
| Bahulkar, S.S. | ||
| Baijnath Puri | Dr. Baijnath Puri, the Professor Emeritus, was one of the leading Indian historians, a widely traveled man and was often invited to deliver lectures at many universities in Europe. He was for more than five years Professor and Head of the Department of Ancient Indian History and Archaeology at the Lucknow University. His two works India in the Time of Patanjali and The History of the Gurjara Pratiharas earned him the two research degrees of M. Litt. and D. Phil. from the Oxford University. He has more than 25 published works to his credit. (Source: Motilal Banarsidass) | |
| Bailey, C. | ||
| Bainbridge, W. | ||
| Baizhang Huaihai | Baizhang Huaihai (Chinese: 百丈懷海; pinyin: Bǎizhàng Huáihái; Wade-Giles: Pai-chang Huai-hai; Japanese: Hyakujō Ekai) (720–814) was a Zen master during the Tang Dynasty. A native of Fuzhou, he was a dharma heir of Mazu Daoyi (Wade-Giles: Ma-tsu Tao-i).[1] Baizhang's students included Huangbo, Linji and Puhua.
Hagiographic depictions of Baizhang depict him as a radical and iconoclastic figure, but these narratives derive from at least a century and a half after his death and were developed and elaborated during the Song dynasty.[2] As Mario Poceski writes, the earliest strata of sources (such as the Baizhang guanglu 百丈廣錄 ) about this figure provide a "divergent image of Baizhang as a sophisticated teacher of doctrine, who is at ease with both the philosophical and contemplative aspects of Buddhism."[3] Poceski summarizes this figure thus:
Regarding his teachings, Poceski notes:
One of his doctrinal innovations is what are called the “three propositions” (sanju), which are three distinct stages of spiritual realization or progressive ways of knowing:[6]
| |
| Bajetta, N. | Nicola Bajetta is a Hamburg University graduate. Received the Khyentse Foundation Award for Excellence in Buddhist Studies (In recognition of distinction in the field of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Studies for the year 2018). | |
| Bajracharya, N. | ||
| Bajrachrya, N. | ||
| Baker, J. | ||
| Baker, M. | ||
| Baker, W. | ||
| Balaban, J. | ||
| Balak Lhundrup Rabten | ||
| Balangoda Ananda Maitreya | Balangoda Ananda Maitreya Thero (Sinhala: අග්ග මහා පණ්ඩිත බලංගොඩ ආනන්ද මෛත්රෙය මහා නා හිමි;23 August 1896 – 18 July 1998; was a Sri Lankan Buddhist monk who was one of the most distinguished scholars and expositors of Theravada Buddhism in the twentieth century. He was highly respected by Sri Lankan Buddhists, who believed that he had achieved a higher level of spiritual development.[2][5] Sri Lankan Buddhists also considered Balangoda Ananda Maitreya Thero as a Bodhisattva, who will attain Buddhahood in a future life. Balangoda Ananda Maitreya Thero lived a modest life and did a great service for the propagation of Buddhist philosophy. In recognition of his valuable service at the Sixth Buddhist council held in Burma, the Burmese government conferred on him the title of Agga Maha Pandita (Chief Great Scholar) in 1956. Later in March 1997, the Burmese government conferred on Balangoda Ananda Maitreya Thero the highest Sangha title, Abhidhaja Maha Rattha Guru (Most Eminent Great Spiritual Teacher), which is equivalent to Sangharaja, in honor of his unique service to the Buddhist religion. (Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023) | |
| Balbir, N. | ||
| Balikci-Denjongpa, A. | ||
| Balpo A Hūm Bar | ||
| Balsamine, A. | ||
| Bamda Thubten Gelek | ||
| Bandia, P. | ||
| Bandurski, F. | ||
| Banerjee, B. | ||
| Banerjee, S. | ||
| Bangwei, W. | ||
| Bankart, C. | ||
| Bannerjee, A. | ||
| Bansal, B. | ||
| Banārasī Lāl | Banārasī Lāl was an Indian scholar specializing in Buddhist studies, particularly in the areas of Sanskrit texts and Buddhist philosophy. He made significant contributions to the field through his research and publications in academic journals.
Lāl's work focused on analyzing and interpreting important Buddhist texts. He published an article titled "Āryamañjuśrī-nāma-saṃgīti: A Text-Analysis" in the journal Dhīḥ in 1986, demonstrating his expertise in textual analysis of Sanskrit Buddhist literature. In 1994, he worked on the texts "Amṛtakaṇikā" by Raviśrījñāna and "Amṛtakaṇikod-dyotanibandha," further showcasing his philological skills. His research interests extended to Buddhist iconography and symbolism. In 2003, Lāl published a study on "Samyaksambuddhabhāṣitapratimālakṣaṇa" in Dhīḥ, exploring the characteristics of Buddha images as described in Buddhist literature. Banārasī Lāl's contributions to the field of Buddhist studies helped advance the understanding of complex Sanskrit texts and their philosophical implications. His work continues to be cited by contemporary scholars. | |
| Baoyun | Baoyun 寶雲 (376?–449) was from Liangzhou. He traveled to Central Asia, Khotan (Hotan), and India around 397. There he met Faxian and other Chinese pilgrims. In India he studied languages, then returned to Chang’an and became a follower of Buddhabhadra (359–429). Buddhabhadra was in Chang’an from 406–408. Baoyun then followed Buddhabhadra south to Mount Lu, and ultimately to Jiankang (Nanjing). His good friend Huiguan accompanied Baoyun throughout the entire journey. All three men stayed at Daochang Temple in Jiankang. Baoyun later moved to Liuheshan Temple, outside of Jiankang. It was at these two temples that he made his translations [of the Buddhacarita], reading the Indian text and translating orally. In this way the Buddhacarita was rendered in 421 C.E. (Yongchu 2 of the Liu Song), at Liuheshan Temple. (Willemen, Buddhacarita: In Praise of Buddha's Acts, translator's introduction, xiv–xv). In addition to the Buddhacarita Baoyun is recorded as having assisted in the translation of several sūtras, including the Akṣayamatinirdeśasūtra and the Sāgaramatiparipṛcchāsūtra. | |
| Bapat, P. | ||
| Baqir, Imam Muhammad | ||
| Barad, J. | ||
| Barawa Gyaltsen Palzang | ||
| Barbara D. Taylor | ||
| Barbara Frye | Barbara Frye, a student of Tibetan Buddhism for several years, has edited numerous works by Tibetan authors. | |
| Barbara Nelson | Dr. Barbara Nelson is a Lecturer in the School of Culture, History and Language, ANU College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. Her research interests include the history of Mahāyāna Buddhism in India, bodhisattva path and kshaanti (patience), Buddhist texts in Sanskrit, translation studies, Indian history and religions, and the policy and practice of secularism in India. (Source Accessed Jan 13, 2021) | |
| Barbra Clayton | Barbra Clayton is an Associate Professor of Religious Studies at Mount Allison University, a liberal arts institution located in the heart of maritime Canada. She is the author of Moral Theory in Śāntideva's Śikṣāsamuccaya, the article on Buddhist Ethics in the Oxford Handbook of World Philosophy, and several articles on Mahāyāna morality. Her recent work focuses on the ethics of environmentalism in the Shambhala Buddhist community, as well as on Buddhist monasticism at Gampo Abbey in Canada. She is the co-editor with Dan Cozort of the Journal of Buddhist Ethics, though is currently taking an extended sabbatical from this role . . . (Source Accessed Jan 19, 2021) | |
| Bardor Tulku | Bardor Tulku Rinpoche was born in 1949 in Kham, East Tibet. At a very early age, he was recognized by His Holiness the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa as the third incarnation of Terchen Barway Dorje.
When Rinpoche was a small child, with his family and his Dharma tutor he maintained a nomadic life style. Rinpoche was six when he left East Tibet in the company of his grandparents on a journey that took him first to Lhasa, then Tsurphu, and finally to Drikung where Rinpoche was to remain for a couple of years at the home of his grandparents. After Rinpoche’s grandparents passed away, his parents and siblings joined him in Drikung. When the political and social conditions in Tibet worsened as a result of the Chinese Communist occupation, Rinpoche and his family—initially a party of thirteen—set out toward India over the Himalayas along with many other Tibetans who were also fleeing the fighting. They traveled through Kongpo to Pema Ku. In Pema Ku, at the border of Tibet and India, as a result of the arduous journey, all Rinpoche’s family members died. When Rinpoche’s father—the last member of his family—died, Rinpoche left Pema Ku and continued on toward Assam with other refugees. At the township known as Bomdila, where the borders of Tibet, Bhutan, and India meet, a bombing raid dispersed the group. Rinpoche and a young friend fled the attack and traveled westward, along the border of Bhutan and India, to Siliguri and eventually to Darjeeling. When they arrived in Darjeeling, His Holiness the 16th Karmapa was notified that Rinpoche had safely made his way out of Tibet. Filled with joy at the good news, His Holiness arranged for Rinpoche to be brought to Sikkim, and for Rinpoche’s friend to be taken care of. Bardor Tulku Rinpoche was enthroned as a tulku at Rumtek Monastery when he was in his teens. It was also at Rumtek Monastery, under the tutelage of His Holiness the 16th Karmapa, that Rinpoche’s formal training took place. After completing many years of study and practice, Bardor Tulku Rinpoche accompanied the 16th Karmapa on his world tours in 1974 and 1976. In 1977, His Holiness asked Rinpoche to remain in Woodstock, New York, at Karma Triyana Dharmachakra (KTD). During his first two years at KTD, Rinpoche worked side-by-side with the staff to renovate and winterize the house and prepare for the last visit of His Holiness the Sixteenth Karmapa to the West. During that last visit, in 1980, His Holiness directed that his monastery and seat in North America be established at KTD, and he performed the formal investiture. After the groundbreaking ceremony in May of 1982, Bardor Rinpoche directed the construction activities and labored each day to build the monastery. When the construction of the shrine building was essentially completed in early 1990s, he assumed responsibilities as a teacher at KTD and its affiliate Karma Thegsum Chöling centers (KTCs). In 2000, with a blessing from His Holiness the 17th Karmapa and His Eminence the 12th Tai Situ Rinpoche, Bardor Tulku Rinpoche established Raktrul Foundation in order to help rebuild the Raktrul Monastery in Tibet and provide educational facilities for monks and the lay community. In 2003, Rinpoche established Kunzang Palchen Ling (KPL), a Tibetan Buddhist Center in Red Hook, New York. Based on nonsectarian principles, KPL offers Dharma teachings from all traditions of Tibetan Buddhism and serves as a base for preserving and bringing to the West the terma teachings of Terchen Barway Dorje. After working tirelessly for thirty-one years with the Venerable Khenpo Karthar Rinpoche, the abbot of KTD, to firmly establish KTD and its affiliates in the United States, in October 2008, Bardor Tulku Rinpoche resigned from all his responsibilities at KTD. In August 2009, the KTD Board of Trustees issued an appreciation letter acknowledging Bardor Tulku Rinpoche’s role in the establishment KTD and its affiliates in North America. Since he left KTD, Bardor Tulku Rinpoche has been directing the activities of Kunzang Palchen Ling, guiding Palchen Study Groups nationwide, overseeing translation projects of terma texts of Terchen Barway Dorje and the construction of the new facility at Kunzang Palchen Ling that is an implementation of his vision for KPL. Rinpoche also serves as an adviser for Dharma TV, an online Buddhist television project. Source Kunzang.org, Accessed January 27, 2022. | |
| Bardwell Smith | ||
| Bareja, A. | ||
| Bareš, L. | ||
| Bargiacchi, E. | ||
| Bari Lotsāwa | Bari Lotsawa, also known as Rinchen Drak, was the second throne holder of Sakya school (Tib. Sakya Trizin). At the age of 63, he retained the seat of Sakya for a period of eight years (1102-1110). He is one of the main lineage figures in the transmission and translation of the White Tara practice and tantras that originate from the Indian master Vagishvarakirti. (Source: Rigpa Wiki) | |
| Barlingay, S. | ||
| Barlow, J. | ||
| Barnard, M. | ||
| Barner, C. | ||
| Barnett, R. | ||
| Barnstone, T. | ||
| Barnstone, W. | ||
| Barou, J. | ||
| Barry Bryant | Mr. Bryant was a painter and musician strongly influenced by Tibetan Buddhism. In 1973 he founded the Samaya Foundation in Manhattan, a nonprofit organization dedicated to spreading Tibetan culture in the United States. (Samaya is the Sanskrit word for vow or commitment.)
In the spring of 1988, the foundation brought Tibetan monks to New York City from the Namgyal monastery in India to create the Wheel of Time sand mandala at the American Museum of Natural History. The mandala -- a large, colorful, circular meditational image of intricate design -- was made entirely of sand painstakingly poured from small funnels. It took over two weeks to complete; it was then ritually destroyed, its contents carried in procession to the banks of the Hudson and scattered on the water. The mandala was recreated in other cities in the United States and Europe thereafter. In 1993, Mr. Bryant published a book, The Wheel of Time Sand Mandala: Visual Scripture of Tibetan Buddhism, to which the Dalai Lama contributed a foreword. (Source Accessed Mar 22, 2023) | |
| Barry Clark | Dr. Barry Clark is the only Westerner to have undergone the complete theoretical and clinical training of a Tibetan doctor. For almost 20 years, he has studied, practiced and taught the ancient science of Tibetan medicine. His primary teacher was Dr. Yeshe Donden, the personal physician to H.H. the Dalai Lama for eighteen years. Dr. Clark now lives and practices in New Zealand, and frequently teaches and gives workshops in Europe, North America and SE Asia. (Source: Shambhala Publications) | |
| Barry, J. | ||
| Bartel, R. | ||
| Barthol'd, V. | ||
| Bartholomew, T. | ||
| Baruah, B. | ||
| Baseri, Z. | ||
| Bassnett, S. | ||
| Bastian, E. | ||
| Bastid-Bruguière, M. | ||
| Bastow, D. | ||
| Basu, A. | ||
| Basu, Ratna | ||
| Bataa Mishigish | Bataa Mishig-Ish serves as chairperson of the Department of Religious Studies in the Institute of Philosophy at the Mongolian Academy of Sciences. He received a PhD in Asian studies from Ritsumeikan University in Japan and a master’s degree in Asian religions as well as a master’s degree in political science from the University of Hawaii, USA. Bataa also had a monastic educational background in Gandantegchenling and Dashichoiling monasteries in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Earlier in his career, Mishig-Ish was an associate professor at the National Academy of Governance. He also worked as a senior analyst on religious and cultural affairs for the National Security Council of Mongolia and served as an advisor on religious and cultural Affairs to the President of Mongolia. An expert on government and religious relations in Mongolia, he now heads the Tritiya Dharmachakra Foundation (TDF) for promoting Buddhist studies and research works in Mongolia. He is the editor of several publications for the conferences on Buddhism and the author of two books on contemporary Buddhism in Mongolia. In addition, he serves as director of the board of trustees of Orgil Secondary School in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. (Source Accessed Dec 16, 2024) | |
| Batchelor, K. | ||
| Battacharya, K. | ||
| Baubérot, J. | ||
| Bauer, K. | ||
| Baul, V. | ||
| Baumann, M. | ||
| Baumer, C. | Christoph Baumer is a Swiss scholar and explorer. From 1984 onwards, he has conducted explorations in Central Asia, China and Tibet, the results of which have been published in numerous books, scholarly publications and radio programs. (Wikipedia) | |
| Baums, S. | ||
| Baynes, C. | ||
| Bays, J. | ||
| Bazin, L. | ||
| Bazzano, E. | ||
| Bdag chen blo gros rgyal mtshan | ||
| Bde ba'i rdo rje | ||
| Bde chen 'bar ba'i rdo rje | ||
| Bde chen 'od gsal rdo rje | ||
| Be Manjushri | ||
| Be ri 'jigs med dbang rgyal | ||
| Beatrice Erskine Lane Suzuki | Beatrice Lane Suzuki was the American wife of D. T. Suzuki, the well-known philosopher, Buddhist scholar, and Zen popularizer in the West. Her name is familiar to few Theosophists, yet she played an important role in Japanese Theosophy. (Source Accessed Sep 14, 2021) | |
| Beauvais, D. | ||
| Beck, G. | ||
| Beguin, G. | ||
| Beimatsho | ||
| Belither, J. | ||
| Bell, Catherine | ||
| Bell, S. | ||
| Bella Chao | Bella Chao received her MA from Rangjung Yeshe Institute in 2023. Her thesis is titled "Sakya Paṇḍita's Ritual for Generating the Mind According to the Madhyamaka Tradition (Dbu ma lugs kyi sems bskyed kyi cho ga)." She received a Study Scholarship from Tsadra Foundation in 2021. | |
| Belser, J. | ||
| Bement, M. | ||
| Ben Connelly | Ben Connelly is a Soto Zen teacher and dharma heir in the Katagiri lineage based at Minnesota Zen Meditation Center. He also provides secular mindfulness training in a variety of contexts including police training, half-way houses, and correctional facilities, and is a professional musician. He lives in Minneapolis, Minnesota. (Source: Amazon Author Page)
Learn more at the Minnesota Zen Meditation Center website. Watch a video of Ben talking about his book Vasubandhu’s Three Natures: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBK5k17eYDw | |
| Ben-Yehuda, A. | ||
| Benavides, G. | ||
| Bender, M. | ||
| Bengar Jampal Zangpo | ||
| Bengen Tenzin Namdak | ||
| Benjamin Collet-Cassart | Benjamin is a Belgian national who holds BA and MA degrees in Buddhist Studies with Himalayan Language from Kathmandu University. He has been teaching classical Tibetan at RYI since 2008 and has both managed and taught on several Summer Intensive programs. His research interests include Mahayana Buddhist philosophy, Indian and Tibetan teachings on Buddha nature, and Vajrayana practices. (Source Accessed June 2, 2021) | |
| Benjamin Ewing | Ben Ewing is a member of the Dharmachakra Translation Committee and the Subashita Translation Group. He completed an MA thesis from Rangjung Yeshe Institute entitled "The Saraha of Tibet: How Mgur Shaped the Legacy of Lingchen Repa, Tibetan Siddha." | |
| Benoytosh Bhattacharyya | Born on 6 January 1897 in a family devoted to Sanskrit learning, Bhattacharyya had his first lessons in Sanskrit with his father Maha-mahopadhyaya Haraprasad Shastri-a great scholar in different branches of Sanskrit literature and an ar,tiquarian. In 1919 he took a first class M.A. in Sanskrit from Calcutta University and in 1925 Ph. D., the first such. from Dacca University. While his father had guided him through the different branches of Sanskrit literature, young Bhattacharyya had in Professor Alfred Foucher his preceptor in matters relating to ancient art forms and archaeology of India. He spent some years studying Sanskrit manuscripts in Nepal. While just thirty he made his mark as a scholar of Tantra and Pratima.
In 1924 Maharaja Sayaji Rao Gaekwad, a great patron of learning and scholarship, took Bhattacharyya to Baroda to be the General Editor of Gaekwad's Oriental Series and after three years made him the Director of Oriental Institute. Baroda. As the General Editor of the Oriental Series and the Director of the Oriental Institute, Bhattacharyya showed extraordinary organizing abilities as well as erudition. Part of his time was devoted to lectures to degree students. The Gaekwad recognized his merits by conferring on him the titles of Rajya Ratna and Jnana Jyoti. He retired in 1952. Among his publications are: The Indian Buddhist Iconography (Oxford 1924; revised edition Calcutta 1958); Sadhanamala (Vol. I Baroda 1925 and Vol. II Baroda 1928); Twn Vajrayana Works (Baroda 1929); Guhyasamaja Tantra (Baroda 1931}; An Introduction to Buddhist Esoterism (Oxford 1932); and Nispannayogavali (Baroda 1949). In his study of the Tantras Bhattacharyya began with no particular sympathy for the mystic practices and rituals as is evident from his earlier writings. With the progress of his studies in Brahmanical. Jain and Buddhist sources he came to an acceptance of the higher values of the Tantras. While he was among the first to assert that the Hindu Tantra borrowed much from the Vajrayana and even debased many Vajrayana practices. Bhattacharyya very firmly held that later Mahayana pantheon deliberately and consciously incorporated a number of Hindu deities. From medieval Hindu tradition he identified the Mahayana deity Prajna with the Hindu deity Sakti. He was as firm on this as about the nomenclature Ohyani Buddha being ancient and correct. The symposium on Tantras opened in this number of the Bulletin will no doubt be poorer because Bhattacharyya can no longer join issue. He had also advised us to organize in our pages a probe into the nomenclature Dhyani Buddha. Namgyal Institute of Tibetology benefited much from his advice regarding identification of images and figures on scrolls. The publication RGYAN-DRUG MCHOG-GNYIS had his guidance as our next publication on iconography was to have the same. In retirement that is since 1 952 Bhattacharyya spent his time on finding remedies and systematic cure for physical and mental ailments in the Tantric lore. A large number of difficult cases were cured. Bhattacharyya c!aimed to have freely used Hindu and Buddhist. Indian and Tibetan, formulae and spells He published some books on tele-therapy: The Science of Tridosha (New York 1951), Gem Therapy (Calcutta 1958: 1963). and Magnet Dowsing (Calcutta 1960), For strictly academic class he wrote a paper entitled "Scientific Background of the Buddhist Tantras" in Buddha Jayanti Special Number of the Indian Historical Quarterly (Calcutta 1956). As an academician of highest discipline and as an authority on Indian esoteric systems and iconography Bhattacharyya was held in esteem in connected circles all over the world. Those who came into intimate contact with him found him more a Bodhisattva than a Pandita. (Source Accessed Feb 24, 2024) | |
| Benson, A. | ||
| Bentor, Y. | Yael Bentor is a senior lecturer of Indian and Tibetan Studies in the departments of Comparative Religion and Asian Studies at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Her current research interests are the dynamics of the evolution of tantric traditions in Tibet during the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries, focusing on the creation stage of the Guhyasamāja Tantra. She is the author (with Penpa Dorjee) of The Essence of the Ocean of Attainments: Explanation of the Creation Stage of the Guhyasamāja, King of All Tantras (AIBS, 2013) and A Classical Tibetan Reader: Selections from Renowned Works with Custom Glossaries (Wisdom, 2013). (Source) | |
| Bentz, A. | AY\E-SOPHIE BENTZ is a teaching assistant at the Graduate Institute of International
and Development Studies in Geneva. Her research focuses on the politics of the Tibetan diaspora. | |
| Berber Sardinha, A. | ||
| Berendt, T. | ||
| Berenson, B. | ||
| Beresford, B. | ||
| Berger, P. | ||
| Berghash, R. | ||
| Bergier, J. | ||
| Berglie, P. | ||
| Bergmann, S. | ||
| Beritela, G. | ||
| Berling, J. | ||
| Bermann, S. | ||
| Bernard Faure | Bernard Faure, Kao Professor in Japanese Religion, received his Ph.D. (Doctorat d’Etat) from Paris University (1984). He is interested in various aspects of East Asian Buddhism, with an emphasis on Chan/Zen and Tantric or esoteric Buddhism. His work, influenced by anthropological history and cultural theory, has focused on topics such as the construction of orthodoxy and heterodoxy, the Buddhist cult of relics, iconography, sexuality and gender. His current research deals with the mythico-ritual system of esoteric Buddhism and its relationships with medieval Japanese religion. He has published a number of books in French and English. His English publications include: The Rhetoric of Immediacy: A Cultural Critique of Chan/Zen Buddhism (Princeton 1991), Chan Insights and Oversights: An Epistemological Critique of the Chan Tradition (Princeton 1993), Visions of Power: Imagining Medieval Japanese Buddhism (Princeton 1996), The Red Thread: Buddhist Approaches to Sexuality (Princeton 1998), The Power of Denial: Buddhism, Purity, and Gender (Princeton 2003), and Double Exposure (Stanford 2004). (Source Accessed Jun 10, 2019). He recently completed a two-volume work on Japanese Gods and Demons: The Fluid Pantheon: Medieval Japanese Gods, Volume I and Protectors and Predators: Medieval Japanese Gods, Volume 2 (Both volumes by University of Hawai'i Press, 2015). | |
| Bernbaum, E. | ||
| Bernhard Kölver | Bernhard Kölver (1938 – 2001) was a German Indologist, specializing for most of his career in the study of Nepal.
Kölver was born in Cologne, Germany. He received his PhD with a dissertation on Tokharian nominal morphology from Cologne University in 1965. He was professor of Indology in Kiel, Germany (1974-1993) and Leipzig, Germany (1993-). After a trip to Nepal Kölver specialized in the study of this country, especially the Newar language. In 1995 he was elected to the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzi]. He was also awarded the Triśaktipaṭṭabhūṣaṇa by King Birendra of Nepal in honor of his service to scholarship. (Source Accessed Aug 21, 2023) | |
| Bernier, R. | ||
| Bernofsky, S. | ||
| Bernouf, E. | ||
| Bernstein, A. | ||
| Bertier, L. | ||
| Bertolucci, B. | ||
| Bertrand, J. | ||
| Bertsch, W. | ||
| Beru Khyentse | ||
| Bessenger, S. | Professor Bessenger earned her masters and doctorate degrees from the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Virginia.
As an undergraduate she designed a major in Anthropology and Asian studies to complete her degree at Mills College in Oakland, California, during which time she also participated in the School for International Training's Tibetan Studies study abroad program. Her doctoral training is in the History of Religions, with areas of expertise in Buddhist Studies, particularly Tibetan Buddhism, as well as Hinduism and Chinese religions. Dr. Bessenger lived for a year at Tibet University in Lhasa, Tibet, and received a Fulbright-Hayes to conduct research among Tibetan exile communities in India and Nepal. Her current research is on the Tibetan saint Sonam Peldren; this research is culminating in a book, tentatively titled Echoes of Enlightenment: The Lives of Sonam Peldren, under contract with Oxford University Press. At Randolph College Dr. Bessenger teaches courses in the history and the auto/biographical culture of Buddhism, gender and Buddhism, the history and visual culture of Hinduism, Tibetan Buddhist culture, and Chinese religions. She enjoys exposing Randolph students to Asian religious thought, and is fascinated by the many ways human beings publicly and privately think about and negotiate this thing called "religion." Source [3] | |
| Besserman, P. | ||
| Besuchet, C. | ||
| Beth E. Newman | Beth Newman received her PhD in South Asian Languages and Literature from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She teaches at Ringling School of Art and Design in Sarasota, Florida, and is the translator of The Tale of the Incomparable Prince and worked on Steps on the Path to Enlightenment, Vol. 1, Vol. 3, and Vol. 4. (Source: Wisdom Publications) | |
| Bethany Lowe | ||
| Bethlenfalvy, G. | ||
| Betön Lodrö Wangchuk | ||
| Beáta Kakas | Beáta is both an indologist and orientalist. Her research area is Tibetan Buddhism. Her writings are for both popular and professional audiences. Recently she has done interpreting and teaching in Tibetan and Sanskrit languages. She is also keen on translating Tibetan texts, interested in all things related to Tibetan and Indian culture, lifestyle and Himalayan people. Beáta lived in India for a year, and she returns there from time to time, visiting places such as cedar woods and wonderful mountain villages . . . (Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2022) | |
| Bečka, J. | ||
| Bharati, A. | ||
| Bhattacharya, R. | ||
| Bhattacharya, R. S. | ||
| Bhattacharya, S. | ||
| Bhayani, H. | ||
| Bhikkhu Anālayo | Bhikkhu Anālayo was born in Germany in 1962 and ordained in Sri Lanka in 1995. In the year 2000 he completed a Ph.D. thesis on the Satipatthana-sutta at the University of Peradeniya (published by Windhorse in the UK). In the year 2007 he completed a habilitation research at the University of Marburg, in which he compared the Majjhima-nikaya discourses with their Chinese, Sanskrit, and Tibetan counterparts. At present, he is a member of the Numata Center for Buddhist Studies, University of Hamburg, as a professor, and works as a researcher at Dharma Drum Institue of Liberal Arts, Taiwan. Besides his academic activities, he regularly teaches meditation. (Source Accessed Nov 22, 2019)
| |
| Bhikkhu Bodhi | Bhikkhu Bodhi (born December 10, 1944), born Jeffrey Block, is an American Theravada Buddhist monk, ordained in Sri Lanka and currently teaching in the New York and New Jersey area. He was appointed the second president of the Buddhist Publication Society and has edited and authored several publications grounded in the Theravada Buddhist tradition. (Source Accessed Feb 27, 2023) | |
| Bhikkhu Pāsādika | Bhikkhu Pāsādika (secular name: Eckhard Bangert), born August 17, 1939 at Bad Arolsen in Hesse, is a German indologist and a Buddhist monk. His Dharma, or religious name, Pāsādika is a Pali word meaning "amiable". He entered the Buddhist order of the Theravāda tradition in Thailand in 1960. He has been a member of the Buddhist Research Institute Linh-Son at Joinville-le-Pont (Paris) since 1978. [Bhikkhu Pāsādika ] speaks German, English, French and Thai, and studied Sanskrit, Pāli, Hindi, Chinese, Tibetan and Japanese. He received his academic education in India (Nālandā Pāli Institute in the early 1960s (M.A. from Magadh University in 1964), Punjabi University Patiala in the early 1970s (Ph.D. from Punjabi University in 1974)). From 1975-77 he was reader at Punjabi University Patiala, teaching Pāli and German. He edited the quarterly Linh-Són - publication d'études bouddhologiques at Joinville-le-Pont from 1978-82. Then, until 1993, he participated in the project Sanskrit Dictionary of the Buddhist Texts from the Turfan Finds of the Commission of Buddhist Studies, Academy of Sciences, Göttingen. From 1995-2007 he was hon. professor, Dept. of Indology and Tibetology of Philipp's University Marburg, teaching Pāli, Sanskrit, classical Tibetan and Buddhist Chinese. Additionally, he was in charge of the chair of Indology at Würzburg University (1996-2000). He also was visiting professor at Ruhr University Bochum (2000, 2002). He has been specializing in early Mahāyāna literature and Śrāvakayānist Nikāya-Āgama comparative studies. In October 2016, he became President of the Linh Son Buddhist Academy in Vitry-sur-Seine, France. Since October 2019 he lives permanently at this academy. (Adapted from Source Mar 2, 2021) | |
| Bhikkhu Pāsādika | ||
| Bhikkhu, Buddhadasa | ||
| Bhikkhuni Anula Devi | ||
| Bhikkhunī Tri Hai | Bhikkhuni Tri Hai (Tam Hy), one of Su Ba's outstanding disciples, was born Nguyen Phuoc Cong Tang Ton Nu Phung Khanh in Hue on March 9, 1938, to an aristocratic family of devout Buddhists who were descendants of the Minh Mang emperor (reigned 1820-40). Phung Khanh excelled in her studies. After she graduated from high school at the age of seventeen, she wanted to renounce the household life, but first she became a high school teacher in Da Nang. After that, she went to the United States where, from 1962 to 1963, she took graduate courses in the English Department at Indiana University, Bloomington. After completing her studies in late 1963, she returned to Vietnam. In 1964, she finally renounced the household life and became a nun under Bhikkhunī Dieu Khong at Hong An Temple in Hue. As a novice nun, she was chosen to become an assistant to Bhikkhu Minh Chau at Van Hanh University, the first Buddhist university in Vietnam. In 1968, she took the sikkhamana precepts in Nha Trang. She was selected to be the librarian at Van Hanh University and the manager of the School of Youth for Social Service. In 1970, she became fully ordained in Da Nang and was given the monastic name Tri Hai. At Van Hanh University, she lectured to both monastics and laypeople, translated, and also undertook many charitable activities. For example, the humanitarian organization Oxfam asked her to head the Vietnam Oxfam Association, which she directed from 1965 to 1975. She also taught Levels III to V of the Majjhima Nikāya in English at the Vietnam Buddhist Academy and Van Hanh Temple.
When in Hue, Bhikkhunī Tri Hai lectured on the Canh Sach (Guishan's Admonitions) at Dieu Hy and Hong An Temples. During vassa each year, she was invited to lecture at Phuoc Hoa Temple in Hoc Mon and Dai Giac Temple in Soc Trang. From 1996 to 1999, she taught the bhikkhunī vinaya and the bodhisattva precepts at the Intermediate Buddhist School (Thien Phuoc Temple) in Long An Province. At the ordination ceremonies at Thien Phuoc Temple in Long An, she was invited to lecture on the bhikkhunī vinaya, where she gave the examinations and was head of the exam group. In 2003, she was the vice-master at the ordination ceremony at Tu Nghiem Temple. At the time of her death, she was the director of finances and vice president of the Vietnam Buddhist University in Ho Chi Minh City. Bhikkhunī Tri Hai was a Dharma master, teacher, translator, poet, editor, and publisher. She knew English, French, Chinese, Pali, and some German. She has more than one hundred published works, including introductory works for Buddhist students, a Pali-English-Vietnamese dictionary, works introducing Tibetan Buddhism, and works on contemporary philosophers such as Gandhi, Krishnamurti, Tagore, and Erich Fromm. For decades, she was involved in charitable works throughout Vietnam. Tragically, on December 7, 2003, while returning from a charitable mission in Phan Thiet Province, she and two other nuns (Sa Di Phuoc Tinh and Bhikkhunī Tue Nha) were killed in a traffic accident. Bhikkhunī Tri Hai was sixty-six years old and had been a nun for thirty-three years. At the memorial service and afterward, letters, poems, and couplets of praise and remembrance poured in from all over Vietnam and around the world for Bhikkhunī Tri Hai, an eminent nun of Vietnam and a beacon of wisdom and compassion. She is buried at Dieu Khong Temple in Hoc Mon District, outside Ho Chi Minh City. The Dieu Khong Temple that she built in 2003 is now home to six nuns. Two of them, Bhikkhunīs Tue Dung and Tue Nguyen, are currently building a new temple complex and continue Tri Hai's charitable activities: visiting hospitalized cancer patients during the Lunar New Year to give donations ("red envelopes") and giving aid to the elderly, sick, handicapped, and orphaned. Bhikkhunī Tue Dung became a nun in 1980 after hearing Tri Hai speak in 1979 on the Diamond Sutra. She has completed some translations from English and French into Vietnamese. Each year on the death anniversary of Tri Hai, Tue Dung publishes a manuscript or republishes a work by Tri Hai, for example, the Majjhima Nikāya, translated from Pāli by Thich Minh Chau, abridged and annotated by Tri Hai. (Elise Anne DeVido, "Eminent Nuns in Hue, Vietnam," in Eminent Buddhist Women, edited by Karma Lekshe Tsomo, 77–78) | |
| Bhikshu Dharmamitra | Bhikshu Dharmamitra (ordination name "Heng Shou" - 釋恆授) is a Chinese-tradition translator-monk and one of the earliest American disciples (since 1968) of the late Guiyang Ch'an patriarch, Dharma teacher, and pioneer of Buddhism in the West, the Venerable Master Hsuan Hua (宣化上人). He has a total of 34 years in robes during two periods as a monastic (1969‒1975 & 1991 to the present). Dharmamitra's principal educational foundations as a translator of Sino-Buddhist Classical Chinese lie in four years of intensive monastic training and Chinese-language study of classic Mahāyāna texts in a small-group setting under Master Hsuan Hua (1968-1972), undergraduate Chinese language study at Portland State University, a year of intensive one-on-one Classical Chinese study at the Fu Jen University Language Center near Taipei, two years of course work at the University of Washington's Department of Asian Languages and Literature (1988-90), and an additional three years of auditing graduate courses and seminars in Classical Chinese readings, again at UW's Department of Asian Languages and Literature. Since taking robes again under Master Hua in 1991, Dharmamitra has devoted his energies primarily to study and translation of classic Mahāyāna texts with a special interest in works by rya Nāgārjuna and related authors. To date, he has translated more than fifteen important texts comprising approximately 150 fascicles, including most recently the 80-fascicle Avataṃsaka Sūtra (the "Flower Adornment Sutra"), Nāgārjuna's 17-fascicle Daśabhūmika Vibhāṣā ("Treatise on the Ten Grounds"), and the Daśabhūmika Sūtra (the "Ten Grounds Sutra") . . . (Source Accessed July 15, 2021) | |
| Bhikshu Heng Ch'ien | A diligent, student and cultivator, Dharma Master Heng Ch'ien has been one of the foremost students to sit at the feet of the Venerable Tripitaka Master Hsuan Hua. He studied the Dharma Blossom Sutra for over five years, and has been explaining it for more than four. His understanding of the Sutra is deep and comprehensive, and his lectures have made the Sutra's principles clear and easy to understand. (Adapted from Source Oct 1, 2022) | |
| Bhikshu Wai-tao | ||
| Bhiksu Thich Tri Lai | Bhiksu Thich Tri Lai is a monk and lecturer at the Linh-Son World Buddhist Congregation. | |
| Bhum, Pema | ||
| Bhāmaha | Bhamaha (Sanskrit: भामह, Bhāmaha) (c. 7th century) was a Sanskrit poetician believed to be contemporaneous with Daṇḍin. He is noted for writing a work called the Kāvyālaṃkāra (Sanskrit: काव्यालङ्कार, Kāvyālaṃkāra) ("The ornaments of poetry"). For centuries, he was known only by reputation, until manuscripts of the Kāvyālaṃkāra came to the attention of scholars in the early 1900s. (Source Accessed Jan 24, 2024) | |
| Bhārata Vajrapāṇi | ||
| Bhāvaviveka | ||
| Bianca Horlemann | BIANCA HORLEMANN is a Sinologist with a strong interest in Tibet. Her publications mainly focus on Sino-Tibetan relations in the Amdo area of Tibet and concern the period between the 7th and 11th century, as well as more recent history from the 19th to 20th century. (Contributions to the Cultural History of Early Tibet, list of contributors) | |
| Biardeau, M. | ||
| Bickner, R. | ||
| Bidwell, D. | ||
| Bielmeier, R. | ||
| Biernacki, L. | ||
| Biguenet, J. | ||
| Biles, J. | ||
| Bimal Krishna Matilal | Bimal Krishna Matilal was an eminent Indian philosopher whose writings presented the Indian philosophical tradition as a comprehensive system of logic incorporating most issues addressed by themes in Western philosophy. From 1977 to 1991 he was the Spalding Professor of Eastern Religion and Ethics at the University of Oxford. He was also the founding editor of the Journal of Indian Philosophy.(Source Accessed July 3, 2020) | |
| Bimalendra Kumar | PROF. BIMALENDRA KUMAR did his Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies from University of Delhi in 1990 and has been teaching since then for 31 years in various Universities such as Delhi University, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan (W.B.) and Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U.P.). Currently, he is working as a Professor, Department of Pali & Buddhist Studies, Faculty of Arts, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U.P.). He has six years of research experience during his doctoral and post-doctoral education. His areas of interest are Pali, Theravada Buddhism, Buddhist Philosophy (Abhidhamma Philosophy) and Tibetan Buddhism. (Source Accessed Oct 11, 2022) | |
| Bingenheimer, M. | ||
| Bingheimer, M. | ||
| Bira, S. | ||
| Birgit Kellner | Birgit Kellner is an Austrian Buddhologist and Tibetologist. She studied Buddhology and Tibetology at University of Vienna, where she received a master's degree in 1994 under the supervision of Ernst Steinkellner, and at the Hiroshima University, where she earned her doctorate in 1999 under the supervision of Katsura Shōryū. After a series of research projects, including as a Humboldt Fellow at the University of Hamburg, as well as a Visiting Professor at the University of California at Berkeley, she joined the University of Heidelberg in 2010 as Professor of Buddhist Studies within the Cluster of Excellence "Asia and Europe in a Global Context". In 2015, she returned to Austria to serve as the Director of the Institute for Cultural and Intellectual History of Asia in Vienna, part of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. (Source Accessed Nov 15 2019) | |
| Birtalan, A. | ||
| Bischoff, F. | ||
| Bischoff, J. | ||
| Bishop, P. | ||
| Bitbol, M. | ||
| Bjerken, Z. | ||
| Bka' bcu pa blo gros rgyal mtshan | ||
| Bka' brgyud phrin las dbang phyug | ||
| Bka' bzhi pa rin chen dpal | ||
| Bkra shis dbang phyug | ||
| Bkra shis don grub | ||
| Bkra shis tshe ring | ||
| Bkras lung pa | ||
| Bla ma kar+ma yon tan dpal bzang | ||
| Bla ma ne tshe sbal ston | ||
| Bla ma pad+ma blo gros | ||
| Black, D. | ||
| Blackburn, A. | ||
| Blackhall, L. | ||
| Blackmore, S. | ||
| Bledsoe, B. | ||
| Bliss, R. | ||
| Blo bstan | ||
| Blo bzang 'phrin las | Jongang Lama. See Tibetan Buddhist Rime Institute | |
| Blo bzang bzod pa | ||
| Blo bzang lhun grub paN+Di ta | ||
| Blo bzang tshul khrims bstan pa'i rgyal mtshan | ||
| Blo bzang ye shes bstan 'dzin rgya mtsho | ||
| Blo gros chos 'phel | ||
| Blo gros mchog | ||
| Blo gros mtshungs med | 13th/14th century | |
| Bloomfield, M. | ||
| Bloss, L. | ||
| Blum, J. | ||
| Blum, M. | Mark Blum, Professor and Shinjo Ito Distinguished Chair in Japanese Studies at the University of California, Berkeley, received his M.A. in Japanese Literature from UCLA and his Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies in 1990 from the University of California, Berkeley. He specializes in Pure Land Buddhism throughout East Asia, with a focus on the Japanese medieval period. He also works in the area of Japanese Buddhist reponses to modernism, Buddhist conceptions of death in China and Japan, historical consciousness in Buddhist thought, and the impact of the Nirvana Sutra (Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra) in East Asian Buddhism. He is the author of The Origins and Development of Pure Land Buddhism (2002), and co-editor of Rennyo and the Roots of Modern Japanese Buddhism (2005) and Cultivating Spirituality (2011), and his translation from Chinese of The Nirvana Sutra: Volume 1 (2013). He is currently working on completing Think Buddha, Say Buddha: A History of Nenbutsu Thought, Practice, and Culture. (Source Accessed May 31, 2019) | |
| Blumenthal, J. | Born in Los Angeles, Jim grew up in Southern California. He completed his undergraduate degree at the University of San Diego and continued to the University of Wisconsin, Madison, where he finished his MA and PhD under the direction of the Tibetan Buddhist scholar/practitioner Geshe Lhundub Sopa. His graduate studies focused on the work of the Indian teacher Śāntarakṣita.
Both in his career as Associate Professor in the School of History, Philosophy and Religion at Oregon State University and as Professor of Buddhist Studies at Maitripa College, Jim displayed the rare combination of deep commitment to teaching and rigorous engagement as a research scholar. Even more unusually, Jim was able to produce scholarly texts that were valued equally by the academy and by Buddhist communities. He published analytical and translation works on Indian Mahāyāna Buddhism based upon this research, including The Ornament of The Middle Way: A Study of the Madhyamaka Thought of Śāntarakṣita (2004) and Sixty Stanzas of Reasoning (2004). With Geshe Sopa, he completed a translation of the 4th Chapter of the Lamrim Chenmo, and was pursuing the publication of a translation of Śāntarakṣita’s Madhyamakālaṃkāravṛtti. Jim was a strong advocate for institutions of higher education that strive to integrate the knowledge base of Buddhist philosophy with meditative practice and service to the community. In 2004, Jim invited Yangsi Rinpoche to Portland, Oregon to speak to interested persons. In 2005, Jim began working alongside Yangsi Rinpoche, Namdrol Adams, and Angie Garcia on the founding of Maitripa Institute, soon to become Maitripa College, which seeks to embody those ideals. . . . His main teachers were His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Geshe Lhundub Sopa Rinpoche, Jangtse Choje Rinpoche, Choden Rinpoche, Lama Zopa Rinpoche, Yangsi Rinpoche, and Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche. (Source adapted from an obituary written by Namdrol Miranda Adams, Damcho Diana Finnegan, and Jim's wife, Tiffany) | |
| Bo Fazu | Also known as Po-yüan or Po Fa-tsu. A priest and a translator of Buddhist texts during the late Western Chin dynasty (265–316) in China. He built a Buddhist monastery at Ch'ang-an, where he translated and lectured on Buddhist scriptures. In 305 he set out for Lung-yu, where he intended to live in retirement. He was killed along the way, however, because of his refusal to work for Chang Fu, the local governor of Ch'in-chou, and also because of accusations lodged by someone he had defeated in debate. The Buddha's Parinirvāna Sutra, one of the Hinayana versions of the Nirvana Sutra, was translated by Fa-tsu. (Source Accessed Sep 3, 2021) | |
| Bo dong rin chen rtse mo | ||
| Boccio, F. | ||
| Bodhibhadra | ||
| Bodhiruci | A renowned Indian translator and monk (to be distinguished from a subsequent Bodhiruci [s.v.] who was active in China two centuries later during the Tang dynasty). Bodhiruci left north India for Luoyang, the Northern Wei capital, in 508. He is said to have been well versed in the Tripiṭaka and talented at incantations. Bodhiruci stayed at the monastery of Yongningsi in Luoyang from 508 to 512 and with the help of Buddhaśānta (d.u.) and others translated over thirty Mahāyāna sūtras and treatises, most of which reflect the latest developments in Indian Mahāyāna, and especially Yogācāra. His translations include the Dharmasaṃgīti, Shidijing lun, Laṅkāvatārasūtra, Vajracchedikāprajñāpāramitāsūtra, and the Wuliangshou jing youpotishe yuansheng ji, attributed to Vasubandhu. Bodhiruci’s translation of the Shidijing lun, otherwise known more simply as the Di lun, fostered the formation of a group of Yogācāra specialists in China that later historians retroactively call the Di lun zong. According to a story in the Lidai fabao ji, a jealous Bodhiruci, assisted by a monk from Shaolinsi on Songshan named Guangtong (also known as Huiguang, 468–537), is said to have attempted on numerous occasions to poison the founder of the Chan school, Bodhidharma, and eventually succeeded. Bodhiruci is also said to have played an instrumental role in converting the Chinese monk Tanluan from Daoist longevity practices to the pure land teachings of the Guan Wuliangshou jing. (Source: "Bodhiruci." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 133. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) | |
| Bodman, R. | ||
| Bodo Balsys | Since the late 1960s Bodo Balsys has dedicated his life to understanding the nature of consciousness and sharing his unique insights with others. He is a writer, a poet, an artist, a meditation teacher and healer. He has studied extensively across multiple fields of life. These include Esoteric science, meditation, healing, cosmology, Christianity, Buddhism, natural science, art, politics and history. Bodo has published multiple books. His first series, The Revelation (three volumes), was concerned with providing insights into fundamental esoteric subjects, and specifically providing an esoteric understanding of the Christian Bible. His more recent books focus on providing new insights into Buddhism and particularly their alignment with esoteric science. Bodo also holds a science degree from the University of Western Sydney. He is currently teaching at the School of Esoteric Sciences (near Sydney), which he established. (Source Accessed July 19, 2023) | |
| Bodong Paṇchen Chokle Namgyal | (Chokle Namgyal) (1376-1451). The twenty-third abbot of Bo dong E monastery, founded in about 1049 by the Bka' gdams geshe (dge bshes) Mu dra pa chen po, and the founder of the Bo dong tradition. His collected works, said to number thirty-six titles, include his huge encyclopedic work De nyid 'dus pa ("Compendium of the Principles"); it alone runs to 137 volumes in the incomplete edition published by the Tibet House in Delhi. Phyogs las rnam rgyal (who is sometimes confused with Jo nang pa Phyogs las rnam rgyal who lived some fifty years earlier) was a teacher of Dge 'dun grub (retroactively named the first Dalai Lama) and Mkhas grub Dge legs dpal bzang, both students of Tsong kha pa. Among his disciples was the king of Gung thang, Lha dbang rgyal mtshan (1404–1463), whose daughter Chos kyi sgron me (1422–1455) became a nun after the death of her daughter and then the head of Bsam lding (Samding) monastery, which her father founded for her. The monastery is the only Tibetan monastery whose abbot is traditionally a woman; incarnations are said to be those of the goddess Vajravārāhī (T. Rdo rje phag mo), "Sow-Headed Goddess." (Source: "Bo dong Phyogs las rnam rgyal." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 139. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) | |
| Bodong Pema Garwang | ||
| Bodong Sangye Gönpo | Bodong Sangye Gönpo was a Tibetan yogi adept in the practice of Siṃhamukhā. Though he initially practiced the teaching cycle of this deity associated with Bari Lotsāwa, through his practice he was able to encounter Siṃhamukhā and received empowerment for her practice from Guru Rinpoche. This became the basis for the Siṃhamukhā cycle known as the Bodong Tradition of the Aural Lineage of the Profound Secret of the Lion Faced [Ḍākinī] (bo dong lugs zab gsang seng gdong snyan brgyud). | |
| Boenig, R. | ||
| Boesi, A. | ||
| Bogaert, H. | ||
| Bogin, B. | Benjamin Bogin is an Associate Professor of Asian Studies at Skidmore College. He received his M.A. and Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) from the University of Michigan and spent six years living in Kathmandu, Nepal where he directed study-abroad programs in the Himalayas for American students. His primary research interests are Tibetan Buddhist autobiography and the intersections of visual art, narrative, and sacred geography in Buddhist cultures. He lives in Ballston Spa, NY. | |
| Boisvert, M. | ||
| Bokar Rinpoche | Bokar Tulku Rinpoche (1940 – 17 August 2004) was heart-son of the Second Kalu Rinpoche and a holder of the Karma Kagyü and Shangpa Kagyü lineages.
Bokar Rinpoche was born in western Tíbet not far from Mount Kailash, in 1940 (Iron Dragon year) to a family of nomadic herders. When Rinpoche was four years old, His Holiness the 16th Karmapa recognized him as the reincarnation of the previous Bokar Tulku, Karma Sherab Ösel. Bokar Rinpoche was trained at the monastery founded by the previous Bokar incarnation. He continued his studies at Tsurphu Monastery in central Tibet, main seat of the Karmapas. While still a teenager, he assumed full responsibilities for the Bokar monastic community. Then, due to the Communist oppression in Tibet, Bokar Rinpoche fled into exile at the age of 20. In India, he became a close disciple of Dorje Chang Kalu Rinpoche. Under Kalu Rinpoche's guidance in Sonada, Bokar Rinpoche twice completed the traditional three-year retreat. During the first one, he followed the practices of the Shangpa Kagyu; the second was based on the practices of the Karma Kagyu. In Mirik, India, Bokar Rinpoche founded a retreat center that is an important centre for Kalachakra practice, now called Bokar Ngedhon Choekhor Ling. Brief bio available at bokarmonastery.org Also see Bokar Publications | |
| Boltz, J. | ||
| Bonani, G. | ||
| Bonardel, F. | ||
| Bond, G. | George D. Bond (Ph.D., Northwestern University, 1972) is an associate
professor in the Department of the History and Literature of Religion at Northwestern University. He is the author of The Word of the Buddha: The Tipi.taka and Its Interpretation in Theraviida Buddhism and coeditor of Sainthood in World Religions. Source: Buddhist Hermeneutics | |
| Boner, A. | ||
| Bonnefoy, Y. | ||
| Boorstein, S. | ||
| Boose, E. | ||
| Boot, D. | ||
| Borchert, T. | ||
| Boris Vladimirtsov | Russian linguist. In 1909 he graduated from the Faculty of Oriental Languages of St. Petersburg University, and trained in France at the A. Meye. From 1918 he taught at Petrograd (Leningrad) University, and became a professor in 1921 and academician in 1929. He participated in expeditions to Mongolia. He was one of the first who used methods of contemporary linguistics, both in the field of comparative historical research, as well as in the description of Modern Languages. His main linguistic work "Comparative Grammar" of the Mongolian written language and the Khalkha dialect (1929, 2nd ed. 1989) including a genetic classification of the Mongolian languages and dialects. A sketch of their history and description of the phonetics and writing. He was the author of works on the history of the Mongolian Peoples: Genghis Khan (1922) The social system of the Mongols, and Mongolian nomadic feudalism (1934). (Source Accessed Mar 11, 2021) | |
| Bosworth, C. | ||
| Bottero, F. | ||
| Boulongne, S. | ||
| Boyd, J. | ||
| Boyd, P. | ||
| Bracken, J. | ||
| Bradburn, L. | ||
| Brafman, Y. | ||
| Brag dkar chos kyi dbang phyug | ||
| Bragt, J. | ||
| Brahm, L. | ||
| Brahmapundit, Venerable | ||
| Bram ze Ar+ya de ba | ||
| Bram ze Ārya de ba | ||
| Brambilla, F. | Filippo Brambilla is a PhD candidate at the Department of South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies of the University of Vienna. He is currently writing his dissertation on Tshogs gnyis rgya mtsho (1880–1940), a late Jo nang scholar whose philosophical works are characterized by a distinctive approach that reconciles typically rang stong positions with more orthodox Jo nang views. Filippo’s PhD thesis will include a complete edition and translation of Tshogs gnyis rgya mtsho’s Illuminating Light (Rab gsal snang). Recently, Filippo also started working as a researcher in the FWF funded project “Emptiness of Other (gZhan stong) in the Early Jo nang Tradition.” He holds a BA and an MA in Languages and Cultures of Eastern Asia, with specialization in Chinese language and culture, from Ca’ Foscari University of Venice. Filippo has also spent long periods of study and research in China and Eastern Tibet. (Source: Tathāgatagarbha Across Asia) | |
| Bramze Dompa Zangpo | ||
| Bramze Purbu | ||
| Brandon Dotson | Brandon Dotson is associate professor and Thomas P. McKenna Chair of Buddhist Studies. Besides Georgetown, he has taught and researched at Oxford, SOAS, UCSB, and Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich. He has also enjoyed research stays in China and Tibet. His work concerns ritual, narrative, and cosmology and the interaction of Buddhist and non-Buddhist traditions in the Tibetan cultural area. In particular, he works closely with Tibetan Dunhuang manuscripts to explore the history and culture of the Tibetan Empire (7th to 9th centuries CE). (Source: Georgetown University Page) | |
| Braverman, J. | ||
| Braverman, M. | ||
| Bray, J. | ||
| Brennan, M. | ||
| Brenneman, T. | ||
| Bret W. Davis | Bret W. Davis is Professor and Thomas J. Higgins, S.J. Chair in Philosophy at Loyola University Maryland, where he teaches courses on Western, Asian, and cross-cultural philosophy. His research focuses on Japanese philosophy (esp. the Kyoto School and Zen Buddhism), on Continental philosophy (esp. Heidegger, phenomenology, and hermeneutics), and on issues in cross-cultural philosophy and comparative philosophy of religion.
Along with earning a Ph.D. in philosophy from Vanderbilt University, he has studied and taught for more than a year in Germany and for more than a dozen years in Japan. In Japan, he studied Buddhist thought at Otani University, completed the coursework for a second Ph.D. in Japanese philosophy at Kyoto University, taught philosophy and related courses in Japanese at various universities, and practiced Zen Buddhism at Shōkokuji, one of the main Rinzai Zen training monasteries in Kyoto. In addition to authoring more than 75 articles in English and Japanese, as well as translating many articles from Japanese and German, he is author of Heidegger and the Will: On the Way to Gelassenheit (Northwestern University Press, 2007); translator of Martin Heidegger’s Country Path Conversations (Indiana University Press, 2010, paperback edition 2016); editor of The Oxford Handbook of Japanese Philosophy (Oxford University Press, 2020) and of Martin Heidegger: Key Concepts (Acumen, 2010, Routledge, 2014); coeditor with Fujita Masakatsu of Sekai no naka no Nihon no tetsugaku (Japanese Philosophy in the World) (Shōwadō, 2005); and coeditor with Brian Schroeder and Jason Wirth of Japanese and Continental Philosophy: Conversations with the Kyoto School (Indiana University Press, 2011) and of Engaging Dōgen’s Zen: The Philosophy of Practice as Awakening (Wisdom Publishing, 2017). His current projects include a book manuscript on Zen Buddhism and another on the Kyoto School and interpersonal as well as intercultural dialogue. He was the Director of the 2017 Collegium Phaenomenologicum, is Associate Officer of The Comparative and Continental Philosophy Circle, serves on the board of directors of the Nishida Philosophy Association (Nishida tetsugakkai) as well as on the editorial boards of several journals and book series, and is coeditor of Indiana University Press’s series in World Philosophies. (Source Accessed Nov 25, 2019) | |
| Bretfeld, S. | 2014 - present
Professor, Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim (Norway) 2008 - 2014 Professor, Chair for Religious Studies, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum (Germany) 2008 Senior Assistant, Institute for the Science of Religion and Central Asian Studies, University of Bern, Bern (Switzerland) 2001 - 2007 Assistant, Institute for the Science of Religion and Central Asian Studies, University of Bern 2000 - 2001 Temporary lecturer, Institute for the Science of Religion and Central Asian Studies, University of Bern, Bern 2000 - 2001 Assistant, Department of Indian and Buddhist Studies, Georg-August-University, Göttingen (Germany) 1998 - 2001 Temporary lecturer, Department of Religious Studies, Georg-August-University, Göttingen 1998 - 2000 Temporary lecturer, Department of Indian and Buddhist Studies, Georg-August-University, Göttingen 2000 Phd (Dr. phil.), Indology, Tibetology, Study of Religions, Georg-August-University, Göttingen (Source Accessed on May 4, 2020) | |
| Brian Cutillo | Brian Cutillo (1945–2006) was an American scholar and translator. He was also an accomplished neuro-cognitive scientist, musician, anthropologist and textile weaver. Cutillo was a student of Geshe Wangyal and other Tibetan teachers. He also collaborated with Lama Kunga Rinpoche on the translation of additional songs and stories of Milarepa published in the volume Miraculous Journey. (Source: Wisdom Experience) | |
| Brian Houghton Hodgson | Brian Houghton Hodgson (1 February 1800 or more likely 1801[1] – 23 May 1894[2]) was a pioneer naturalist and ethnologist working in India and Nepal where he was a British Resident. He described numerous species of birds and mammals from the Himalayas, and several birds were named after him by others such as Edward Blyth. He was a scholar of Newar Buddhism and wrote extensively on a range of topics relating to linguistics and religion. He was an opponent of the British proposal to introduce English as the official medium of instruction in Indian schools. (Source Accessed Oct 6, 2023) | |
| Brian K. Smith | Brian was born in Seattle, Washington, in 1953 to Gordon and JoAnne Smith who moved to St. Paul Minnesota soon thereafter. His father and grandfather were ordained Baptist ministers and Brian had an abiding interest and education in the Christian tradition.
He did his undergraduate work at Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota and went on to earn a Ph.D. in the History of Religions from the University of Chicago, where he focused on Hindu and Sanskrit texts. During his academic studies, he cultivated an unorthodox understanding of religion thanks to the influence of such renowned scholars as Mircea Eliade, Wendy Doniger and Jonathan Z. Smith. Brian taught for over two decades in the academic world, first at Columbia University’s Barnard College and later, at the University of California, Riverside, where he retired as Professor Emeritus in 2004. In 1998, Brian began an intensive study of Tibetan Buddhism in the Gelugpa tradition with Geshe Michael Roach and his teacher, Geshe Lobsang Tharchin. Later he took further teachings and initiations with Lama Christie McNally, His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Kyabje Lati Rinpoche, Geshe Tsultrim Gyeltsen and Chogyal Namkhai Norbu. He became a Tibetan Buddhist monk and took the ordination name of Sumati Marut, becoming affectionately known by his many students as Lama Marut. He lived as a monk for 8 years. Brian – now called Lama Marut – continued his interest in comparative religion, studying the teachings of other spiritual masters, drawing inspiration from many past and contemporary teachers of the Buddhist and yoga traditions. He also returned to his Christian roots through study and personal friendships with Christian priests and ministers. In addition to several scholarly studies and translations based on Sanskrit materials, Brian/Lama Marut, authored the popular and award-winning books, A Spiritual Renegade’s Guide to the Good Life and Be Nobody. (Source Accessed May 3, 2021) | |
| Brian Schroeder | Brian Schroeder is Professor and Chair of Philosophy and Director of Religious Studies at Rochester Institute of Technology. He has published widely on contemporary European philosophy, the history of philosophy, environmental philosophy, Buddhist philosophy, the Kyoto School, social and political philosophy, and the philosophy of religion. He is co-editor with Silvia Benso of the SUNY Press Series in Contemporary Italian Philosophy. Currently an associate officer of the Comparative and Continental Philosophy Circle and an executive committee member of the Society for Italian Philosophy, Schroeder is formerly co-director of the Society for Phenomenology and Existential Philosophy, co-director and chair of the board of the International Association for Environmental Philosophy, director of the Collegium Phaenomenologicum, and an executive committee member of the Nietzsche Society. For more information, including publications, please go to https://rit.academia.edu/sbs. (Source Accessed May 29, 2023) | |
| Brink, T. | ||
| Briodo, M. | Michael M. Broido (Ph.D., Cambridge University, 1967) is Senior
Research Fellow in Linguistics at Magdalen College, University of Oxford. His research has included work on Tibetan interpretations of Madhyamaka and Vajrayana thought, especially in relation to their Indian prototypes. His articles on Indian and Tibetan hermeneutics have appeared in the Journal of the Tibet Society and the Journal of Indian Philosophy. Source: Buddhist Hermeneutics | |
| Briona Nic Dhiarmada | Bríona Nic Dhiarmada is the Thomas J. & Kathleen M. O'Donnell Professor of Irish Studies Emeritus. and Concurrent Professor of Film, Television, and Theatre.
Professor Nic Dhiarmada is originator, writer, producer, and executive producer of the award-winning, multi part documentary series on the Easter Rising, 1916 The Irish Rebellion, and its 86-minute feature version, both narrated by Liam Neeson, that were broadcast and screened internationally throughout 2016 and 2017. She is also author of the companion book The 1916 Irish Rebellion, published by the University of Notre Dame Press. Also a Concurrent Professor of Film, Television, and Theatre, Professor Nic Dhiarmada has authored over 35 screenplays and 10 documentaries. She is the author of Téacs Baineann, Téacs Mná: Filíocht Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill as well as numerous articles on Irish language literature and culture. Additionally, she is an editor of The Field Day Anthology and co-editor with Máire Ní Annracháin of Téacs agus Comhthéacs: Gnéithe de Chritic na Gaeilge. Professor Nic Dhiarmada taught courses on film and literature, with some emphasis on Ireland's west coast. In Fall 2019, she led a community course at the DeBartolo Performing Arts Center on "Screening the Irish Troubles." (Source Accessed July6, 2023) | |
| Brockopp, J. | ||
| Broeck, J. | ||
| Broeskamp, B. | ||
| Broido, M. | ||
| Brokaw, C. | ||
| Bron R. Taylor | Bron Taylor is one of the world’s leading scholars in the field of religion and nature, and a core faculty member in UF’s Graduate Program in Religion and Nature, and Fellow of the Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society(opens in new tab) in Munich Germany.
He is the Editor in Chief of the award winning Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature(opens in new tab) (2005), and he founded the International Society for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture(opens in new tab), and its affiliated Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature and Culture(opens in new tab), a quarterly journal, that he has also edited since 2007. In demand as a speaker, Professor Taylor has given over fifty keynote or invited lectures in eighteen countries, and over eighty more presentations in the United States, not counting dozens more at professional meetings. Taylor’s own research focuses on the emotional, spiritual, ethical and political dimensions of environmental movements, both historically and in the contemporary world. He has led and participated in a variety of international initiatives promoting the conservation of biological and cultural diversity. His books include Dark Green Religion: Nature Spirituality and the Planetary Future (2010), Ecological Resistance Movements: the Global Emergence of Radical and Popular Environmentalism (1995), and Affirmative Action at Work: Law, Politics and Ethics (1992). Before coming to UF in 2002, Taylor taught at the University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh, where he led an initiative to create a Bachelor’s degree program in Environmental Studies and became its director. Before that he served as Lifeguard and Peace Officer for the California State Department of Parks and Recreation. He received his Ph.D. in Social Ethics from the University of Southern California in 1988. (Source Accessed June 2, 2023) | |
| Bronkhorst, J. | ||
| Bronwyn Finnigan | Bronwyn Finnigan is a senior lecturer in the School of Philosophy, RSSS, at the Australian National University and an early career research fellow with the Australian Research Council. She works primarily in metaethics, moral psychology, and philosophy of mind in Western and Asian philosophical traditions and is currently working on two related research projects. The first investigates the nature of practical rationality involved in skilled action taken as a model of moral agency. The second examines Buddhist moral psychology and the meta-ethical grounds for rationally reconstructing Buddhist ethical thought. Bronwyn is a member of the Cowherds who authored Moonshadows: Conventional Truth in Buddhist Philosophy (Oxford), and has recently published articles on Buddhist arguments concerning animal welfare and vegetarianism (2017), idealism (2018), and the reflexive awareness of consciousness (2018). (Source: Readings of Śāntideva's Guide to Bodhisattva Practice, 285) | |
| Brook Ziporyn | Faculty
Mircea Eliade Professor of Chinese Religion, Philosophy, and Comparative Thought; also in the College PhD (University of Michigan) Brook A. Ziporyn is a scholar of ancient and medieval Chinese religion and philosophy. Professor Ziporyn received his BA in East Asian Languages and Civilizations from the University of Chicago, and his PhD from the University of Michigan. Prior to joining the Divinity School faculty, he has taught Chinese philosophy and religion at the University of Michigan (Department of East Asian Literature and Cultures), Northwestern University (Department of Religion and Department of Philosophy), Harvard University (Department of East Asian Literature and Civilization) and the National University of Singapore (Department of Philosophy). Ziporyn is the author of Evil And/Or/As the Good: Omnicentric Holism, Intersubjectivity and Value Paradox in Tiantai Buddhist Thought (Harvard, 2000), The Penumbra Unbound: The Neo-Taoist Philosophy of Guo Xiang (SUNY Press, 2003), Being and Ambiguity: Philosophical Experiments With Tiantai Buddhism (Open Court, 2004); Zhuangzi: The Essential Writings with Selections from Traditional Commentaries (Hackett, 2009); Ironies of Oneness and Difference: Coherence in Early Chinese Thought; Prolegomena to the Study of Li (SUNY Press, 2012); and Beyond Oneness and Difference: Li and Coherence in Chinese Buddhist Thought and its Antecedents (SUNY Press, 2013). His seventh book, Emptiness and Omnipresence: The Lotus Sutra and Tiantai Buddhism, was published by Indiana University Press in 2016. He is currently working on a cross-cultural inquiry into the themes of death, time and perception, tentatively entitled Against Being Here Now, as well as a book-length exposition of atheism as a form of religious and mystical experience in the intellectual histories of Europe, India and China. Zhuangzi: The Complete Writings, translated and with introduction and notes by Brook Ziporyn will be published in 2020. (Source Accessed Sep 17, 2021) | |
| Brooks, D. | ||
| Brose, B. | ||
| Brough, J. | ||
| Brown, A. | ||
| Brown, B. | Brian Edward Brown was an undergraduate and graduate student of Thomas Berry at Fordham University where he earned his doctorate in the History of Religions, specializing in Buddhist thought. He subsequently earned his doctorate in law from New York University. Currently he is Professor Emeritus of Religious Studies at Iona College, New Rochelle, N.Y. He is the co-founder of The Thomas Berry Forum for Ecological Dialogue at Iona as well as being one of the founding faculty of the Integral Environmental Studies major at Iona, a joint venture of the departments of biology, political science and religious studies. He is the author of two principal texts: The Buddha Nature: A Study of the Tathāgatagarbha and Ālayavijñāna (Motilal Banarsidass,1991, reprinted 1994, 2003, 2010), and Religion, Law and the Land: Native Americans and the Judicial Determination of Sacred Land (Westport, Greenwood Press, 1999). He is co-editor of Augustine and World Religions (Lexington Books, 2008). Among his other publications are articles which have addressed the ecological implications of the Buddhist and Native American tribal traditions, as well as the Earth jurisprudence of Thomas Berry. (Adapted from Source Jul 20, 2020) | |
| Brown, Kathryn | ||
| Brown, P. | ||
| Brown, R. | ||
| Browner, J. | ||
| Browning, J. | ||
| Bru sgom rgyal ba g.yung drung | See Treasury of Lives [4] | |
| Bruce Newman | Bruce Newman has studied and practiced Tibetan Buddhism, mostly in the Kagyu and Nyingma traditions, for almost thirty years. He spent eleven years in India and Nepal studying under his primary teacher, Venerable Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche. He also completed a four-year retreat at Kagyu Samye Ling in Scotland. For the past ten years, he has been practicing and teaching under the guidance of Venerable Gyatrul Rinpoche in Ashland, Oregon. | |
| Bruche-Schulz, G. | ||
| Bruhn, K. | ||
| Brunet, C. | ||
| Bruno Arthur Franz Karl Liebich | Bruno Liebich (born January 7, 1862 in Altwasser, Waldenburg district ; † July 4, 1939 in Breslau) was a German Indologist. Liebich was born in 1862 as the son of a mill owner. After graduating from high school in 1880, he studied at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, the University of Breslau and the Georg August University of Göttingen. During his studies in 1882 he joined the Danubia Munich fraternity. In 1885 he received his doctorate in Göttingen with his dissertation "The Case Theory of Indian Grammarians." phil. doctorate. In 1892 he completed his habilitation in Breslau with the work Two Chapters of the Kāçikā. From 1921 to 1928 he was a full professor of Indology there. Scientifically, he focused on the grammar of Sanskrit and published, among other things, a textbook. (Source Accessed Jan 15, 2024) | |
| Bruno, L. | ||
| Bruno, M. | ||
| Bryan J. Cuevas | Bryan J. Cuevas (Ph.D., University of Virginia) joined the Department of Religion faculty of Florida State University in Fall 2000. He teaches graduate and undergraduate courses in Asian religious traditions, specializing in Tibetan and Himalayan Buddhism, Tibetan history, language, and culture. His principal research interests focus on Tibetan history and biography, Buddhist magic and sorcery, and the politics of ritual power in premodern Tibetan societies. He is currently working on the history of the Buddhist Vajrabhairava and Yamāntaka/Yamāri traditions in Tibet, with special focus on the Raluk (Rwa lugs) transmissions and their lineages from the twelfth through early eighteenth centuries. This is a component of a broader long-term study of Tibetan sorcery and the politics of Buddhist ritual magic in Tibet up through the nineteenth century.
Dr. Cuevas has been a Member of the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, NJ, and has held visiting appointments at UC Berkeley, Princeton University, and Emory University. His research has been supported by fellowships from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH), and the American Institute of Indian Studies (AIIS), as well as grants from public and private endowments. Dr. Cuevas is currently accepting graduate students (M.A. and Ph.D.) interested in pursuing research topics in Tibetan and Buddhist studies for the upcoming 2022-23 academic year. (Source Accessed Feb 23, 2022.) | |
| Bryant, E. | ||
| Bryner, E. | ||
| Bryson, M. | ||
| Bsam gtan gling pa 'phrin las 'gro 'dul las rab bde ba rtsal | ||
| Bsam gtan pa shAkya bzang po | ||
| Bshes gnyen rnam rgyal |
| |
| Bsod nams bstan pa | ||
| Bsod nams dpal dren | Sonam Peldren (bsod nam dpal 'dren) was born on the seventeenth day of the tenth month of the earth male-dragon year (either 1268 or 1328). Her mother was named Nezang Chotso (gnas bzang chos mtsho); her father was named Yondak Ngoli (yon bdag sngo li) and was a descendent of the Tong (stong) clan. She was born in a place called Tashipa Janggyab (bkra shis pa byang rgyab) in Dam Sho ('dam shod), in the Nol (snol) district of U (dbus), near the Nyenchen Tanglha mountain range (gnyen chen thang lha). Her birth name was Gego (ge god); sometime after her marriage at age seventeen she was renamed Sonam Peldren. She was the youngest of four children: she had two elder brothers named Azang (a 'zang) and Kunchog Gyab (dkon mchog skyabs), and one elder sister named Chokyi (chos skyid.)
Little is known of the years between Sonam Peldren's birth and her marriage at age sixteen other than that her mother passed away, her father remarried, and that she was a calm child liked by all. When Sonam Peldren was seventeen years old, her father arranged her marriage, choosing from among three available suitors: Chakdor Kyab (phyag dor skyabs), described simply as a nomad from Kham, and who is more commonly known by the name Rinchen Pel; Ga Yar ('ga' yar), also described only as a nomad from Kham; and Pelek (dpal legs), described as the chief scribe (dpon yig) from a wealthy local family in central Tibet. Sonam Peldren's father, with the strong approval of his wife and extended family, betrothed Sonam Peldren to the scribe Pelek. Sonam Peldren, however, refused to marry the groom of her family's choice, and instead insisted that she marry Rinchen Pel, claiming that her union with Rinchen Pel was karmically predestined. Sonam Peldren's father, step-mother, sister, brothers, and several other relatives questioned Sonam Peldren's refusal to marry a wealthy man from central Tibet to marry instead a landless man from the "miserable region" (sdugs sa, sic) of Kham. Sonam Peldren's fiancé himself was appalled by the adamant refusal of his betrothed to follow her father's wishes, and eventually withdrew his offer of marriage. Sonam Peldren's family reluctantly returned the gifts received from the scribe and his family; after Rinchen Pel supplied his own gifts, the two were considered married. Following her death it was Rinchen Pel who would promote her teachings and visions, in part with a written narrative of her life. The biography of Sonam Peldren records only general stories about the events in Sonam Peldren's life between her marriage at age sixteen and the final months of her life before her death at age forty-four. Sonam Peldren lived as a nomad and traveled with her husband and fellow nomads, first in the central Tibetan region of U-Tsang (dbus gtsang) until she was thirty years old, and then in the "eight valley" region (brgyad shod) of eastern Tibet until her death. Sonam Peldren and Rinchen Pel had four children: two sons named Sonam Dondrub (bsod nams don 'grub) and Tsukdor Gyab (gtsug tor skyabs) and two daughters named Gumril or Gumrim (gum ril/m) and Sonam Kyi (bsod nams skyid) The birth order of these children, and Sonam Peldren's age at their birth, is not known. These years of travel are described in the biography as punctuated by Sonam Peldren's miracles and acts of generosity. For example, her biography recounts that Sonam Peldren gave nearly all of her clothing to beggars, opting to live in a simple cotton piece of clothing without shoes; it was said that while other members of her group developed frostbite underneath their thick clothing, Sonam Peldren, barefoot and wearing only a cotton tunic, walked unimpeded through the snow, melting it with her feet. Other examples of miracles attributed to Sonam Peldren include the following: when traveling over a snowy mountain pass, she dug a tunnel through the snow covering the mountain pass and traveled straight through to the other side, shocking the other nomads who traveled around the peak by reaching their destination first; she broke up a knife fight by grabbing four men in each of her hands and holding them apart until they ceased quarreling; when a bandit stole most of the nomadic group's horses in the middle of the night, she leapt onto the nearest remaining horse, raced down the road after the fleeing animals, and, grabbing the animals' manes with her left and right hands, led them back to camp; she carried the carcass of a fallen yak up a steep mountainside and back to her nomad encampment for their consumption; when the ice over a river broke beneath the feet of a pack animal, she yanked the yak out of the freezing water by its tail, pulling it to safety; she flung a load of barley off the back of one pack animal and onto another when the animal became lodged in a narrow pass; when a pack animal stumbled and fell over a rocky cliff, she reached down and pulled it up to safety. Without exception, the biography describes these episodes ending with Sonam Peldren glibly attributing her accomplishments to luck or fortuitous circumstances; for example, she explained that a huge wave had actually lifted the yak out of the freezing river. Also without exception, the biography records that her fellow nomads somehow failed to recognize Sonam Peldren's abilities. In the final year of her life, when she and her fellow nomads were traveling in a Ya Nga near what is now the city of Chamda (bya / lcam mda') in today's Driru ('bri ru) county in the Tibet Autonomous Region, Sonam Peldren gave increasingly explicit religious interpretations of her actions to Rinchen Pel, and described her dreams, visions, and premonitions of death. In particular, Sonam Peldren described recurring dreams and waking visions in which unnamed various female figures, each with their own retinue, appeared before her. Explaining that a plague would erupt in the nomad community if Sonam Peldren did not accompany them by the fifth month of that year, the female figures demanded that Sonam Peldren leave her nomad group and travel with them. Sonam Peldren interpreted these dreams and visions to mean that she would die in the fifth month. Following these visions and for the next several months, Sonam Peldren claimed to experience visions, gave increasingly lengthy teachings to Rinchen Pel about the religious nature of her identity and daily activities, and continued to express a conviction that her death was imminent and that relics would be found in her cremation ashes. Many of her teachings, which took the form of spontaneous songs (mgur), focused on basic Buddhist doctrines of impermanence, non-attachment, and so forth. Other speeches made reference to esoteric Buddhist practices and philosophies, such as the Mahāmudrā and other doctrines typically associated with the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. These teachings were noteworthy given the absence of any religious training or practice up to that point, a topic which Sonam Peldren's husband, family, and community returned to repeatedly in their criticisms of her claims. On the predicted day of the fifth month of the water mouse year, Sonam Peldren declared that she was ready to die. According to her husband's account, she first claimed to see multi-colored maṇḍalas of dākinīs and tutelary deities in the sky, then conducted an offering ritual, and declared that she was ready "to go." Crying "Heek!" her body was said to have shot into the sky, then to have come down and bounced five times, each time higher. Finally, her corpse glowed with white light; gods and goddesses of light poured from her body, and accompanied her consciousness as it departed for a Buddha realm. The corpse descended slowly to earth and landed in a seated posture on the ground. A red drop appeared in the right nostril and a white drop in the left; when Rinchen Pel wiped the drops away with a flat rock, images of a red sow and a deity wearing a tiger skin appeared on the surface of the stone. Rainbows were seen, and that night visions of palaces and various mandalas filled the sky. The date of her death given in her biography is the twenty-third day of the fifth month of the water male-mouse year (1312 or 1372), meaning she would have been about forty-four years old. Upon cremation Sonam Peldren's skeleton was said to be found covered with images: ḍākinīs and dharma protectors; multiple images of Vajravārahī (known as Dorje Pakmo in Tibetan), Vajrāpaṇī, the Buddha Śākyamuni, Tārā, Vairocana, Cakrasaṃvara, Vajrasattva, Ratnasambhava, Amitābha, Maitreya, Vajrayoginī, Dīpaṃkara and Vajradhara. Also said to be visible were the thirty-two print and cursive letters of the Tibetan alphabet; multiple and variously-colored sows; an elephant, vajra, conch shell, fish, and bell; and the letter "Ah" as well as the syllable "Tam". On her pelvic bone were signs of the secret wisdom ḍākinī, a triangle, the syllable "Bam," a flower, two ḍākinīs, and three circles of mantras. For Rinchen Pel, Sonam Peldren's miraculous death vindicated her claims of religious authority; others in her community were not convinced. Beginning seven months after her passing, Rinchen Pel claimed to experience nine posthumous encounters with Sonam Peldren. The nature of these encounters varied. In some, Rinchen Pel asked questions, such as why Sonam Peldren's body had been ugly, inferior, and female during her lifetime; what he was supposed to do with the vast quantity of relics produced from her corpse; how Sonam Peldren had accrued religious knowledge in her lifetime despite no visible study or practice of religion; and what the meaning had been of Sonam Peldren's strange dreams, visions, songs and religious pronouncements in the last months of her life. In another posthumous vision, when Rinchen Pel retreated to a mountainside to petition Sonam Peldren for guidance about whether he should ordain as a monk, Sonam Peldren appeared and sang a verse about emptiness and the nature of mind. In two other visions, Sonam Peldren chastised Rinchen Pel for neglecting her relics, using them to get material gain for himself, and for letting others' doubts about the authenticity of the relics affect his presentation and explanation of them, an accusation which Rinchen Pel denied. In yet other visions, Sonam Peldren simply appeared in the form of Dorje Pakmo before Rinchen Pel, along with rainbows, ḍākinīs, unusual birds, Sanskrit letters on mountain peaks. Today Sonam Peldren is remembered as an exemplary female practitioner. A nunnery in Driru named Ya Nga Chamda Ganden Khacho Ling Nunnery (ya nga bya mda' btsun dgon dga' ldan mkha' phyod gling), called either Khacho Ling or Ganden Khacho Ling for short, stands on her death site; this nunnery contains a large wall mural depicting events from the lives of both Sonam Peldren and Rinchen Pel. Resident nuns perform and offering ritual to Sonam Peldren three times a month. Her legacy was strong enough that by the sixteenth or seventeenth century a text describing the history of Tibet's only female reincarnation lineage, the Samding Dorje Pakmo (bsam lding rdo rje phag mo), could name her as an early figure in the lineage, both an incarnation of Dorje Pakmo and a pre-incarnation of Chokyi Drolma, the First Samding Dorje Pakmo (bsam sdings rdo rje phag mo 01 chos kyi sgron ma, 1422-1467/1468). However, it is worthwhile to point out that at Ganden Khacho Ling she is not regarded as belonging to the Samding Dorje Pakmo incarnation line, nor is she considered to have been an incarnation of Dorje Pakmo. At least one twentieth-century woman claimed to be an incarnation of Sonam Peldren: Khandro Kunsang (mkha' 'gro kun bzang, d. 2004), a woman affiliated with the Kagyu tradition who gained great regional fame as a tantric practitioner and healer. Source [5] | |
| Bsod nams ye shes dpal bzang po | ||
| Bstan 'dzin mkhas grub ngag dbang | ||
| Bstan pa'i dbang phyug | ||
| Bu d+d+ha badz+ra | ||
| Bubor Tashi Gyamtso | Served as Khenpo at Kathok during the time of the sixth drung rabs of Rdo rje 'od zer. | |
| Bubriski, K. | ||
| Buchardi, A. | ||
| Buck, H. | ||
| Bud+d+ha shrI | ||
| Buddhabhadra | Buddhabhadra (佛馱跋陀羅, 359–429) means enlightenment worthy. Born in northern India, he was a descendent of King Amṛtodana, who was the youngest of the three uncles of Śākyamuni Buddha (circa 563–483 BCE). He renounced family life at age seventeen and became a monk. Studying hard, he mastered meditation and the Vinaya.
In 408, the tenth year of the Hongshi (弘始) years of the Later Qin Dynasty (後秦 or 姚秦, 384–417), one of the Sixteen Kingdoms (304–439), he went to its capital, Chang-an. The illustrious translator Kumārajīva (鳩摩羅什, 344–413) had arrived there in 401. However, Buddhabhadra did not like Kumārajīva’s students. Together with his own forty-some students, he went to the Lu Mountain (廬山, in present-day Jiangxi Province) and stayed with Master Huiyuan (慧遠, 334–416), the first patriarch of the Pure Land School of China. In 415, the eleventh year of the Yixi (義熙) years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (東晉, 317–420), Buddhabhadra went south to its capital, Jiankong (建康), present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. He stayed at the Daochang Temple (道場寺) and began his translation work. Altogether, he translated from Sanskrit into Chinese thirteen texts in 125 fascicles. For example, texts 376 and 1425 were translated jointly by him and Faxian (法顯, circa 337–422). Text 376 (T12n0376) in 6 fascicles is the earliest of the three Chinese versions of the Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra; text 1425 (T22n1425) in 40 fascicles is the Chinese version of the Mahāsaṅghika Vinaya. Texts 278 and 666 were translated by him alone probably between years 418 and 421. Text 278 (T09n0278) is the 60-fascicle Chinese version of the Mahāvaipulya Sūtra of Buddha Adornment (Buddhāvataṁsaka-mahāvaipulya-sūtra); text 666 (T16n0666) in one fascicle is the first of the two extant Chinese versions of the Mahāvaipulya Sūtra of the Tathāgata Store. In 429, the sixth year of the Yuanjia (元嘉) years of the Liu Song Dynasty (劉宋, 420–79), Buddhabhadra died, at age seventy-one. People called him the Indian Meditation Master. He is one of the eighteen exalted ones of the Lu Mountain. (Source Accessed Aug 19, 2021) | |
| Buddhaghosa | Buddhaghosa. (S. Buddhaghosa) (fl. c. 370-450 ce). The preeminent Pāli commentator, who translated into Pāli the Sinhalese commentaries to the Pāli canon and wrote the Visuddhimagga ("Path of Purification"), the definitive outline of Theravāda doctrine. There are several conflicting accounts of Buddhaghosa's origins, none of which can be dated earlier than the thirteenth Century. The Mon of Lower Burma claim him as a native son, although the best-known story, which is found in the Cūḷavaṃsa (chapter 37), describes Buddhaghosa as an Indian brāhmana who grew up in the environs of the Mahābodhi temple in northern India. According to this account, his father served as a purohita (brāhmaṇa priest) for King Saṅgāma, while he himself became proficient in the Vedas and related Brahmanical Sciences at an early age. One day, he was defeated in a debate by a Buddhist monk named Revata, whereupon he entered the Buddhist saṃgha to learn more about the Buddha's teachings. He received his monk's name Buddhaghosa, which means "Voice of the Buddha," because of his sonorous voice and impressive rhetorical skills. Buddhaghosa took Revata as his teacher and began writing commentaries even while a student. Works written at this time included the Ñāṇodaya and Aṭṭhasālinī. To deepen his understanding (or according to some versions of his story, as punishment for his intellectual pride), Buddhaghosa was sent to Sri Lanka to study the Sinhalese commentaries on the Pāli Buddhist canon (P. tipiṭaka; S. Tripiṭaka). These commentaries were said to have been brought to Sri Lanka in the third Century BCE, where they were translated from Pāli into Sinhalese and subsequently preserved at the Mahāvihāra monastery in the Sri Lankan Capital of Anurādhapura. At the Mahāvihāra, Buddhaghosa studied under the guidance of the scholar-monk Saṅghapāla. Upon completing his studies, he wrote the great compendium of Theravāda teachings, Visuddhimagga, which summarizes the contents of the Pāli tipiṭaka under the threefold heading of morality (sīla; S. śīla), meditative absorption (samādhi), and wisdom (paññā; S. prajñā). Impressed with his expertise, the elders of the Mahāvihāra allowed Buddhaghosa to translate the Sinhalese commentaries back into Pāli, the canonical language of the Theravāda tipiṭaka. Attributed to Buddhaghosa are the vinaya commentaries, Samantapāsādikā and Kaṅkhāvitaraṇī; the commentaries to the Suttapiṭaka, Sumaṅgalavilāsinī, Papañcasūdanī, Sāratthappakāsinī, and Manorathapūraṇī; also attributed to him is the Paramatthajotikā (the commentary to the Khuddakapāṭha and Suttanīpāta). Buddhaghosa's commentaries on the Abhidhammapiṭaka (see Abhidharma) include the Sammohavinodanī and Pañcappakaraṇaṭṭihakathā, along with the Aṭṭhasālinī. Of these many works, Buddhaghosa is almost certainly author of the Visuddhimagga and translator of the commentaries to the four nikāyas, but the remainder are probably later attributions. Regardless of attribution, the body of work associated with Buddhaghosa was profoundly influential on the entire subsequent history of Buddhist scholasticism in the Theravāda traditions of Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. (Source: "Buddhaghosa." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 152. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) | |
| Buddhaguhya | ||
| Buddhagupta | ||
| Buddhajñānapāda | Jñānapāda (autonym: Buddhajñāna, also referred to as Buddhaśrījñāna, *Buddhajñānapāda, *Śrījñānapāda; fl. c. 770–820 CE), was one of the most influential figures of mature Indian esoteric Buddhism. He is remembered first and foremost as the founder of the earlier of the two most important exegetical schools of the Guhyasamājatantra (→BEB I, Guhyasamāja), but he was also very likely a guru of some note in the Pāla court, the dominant power in East India at the time, and the first warden of the famous Vikramaśīla monastery. (Source: Brill Encyclopedia of Buddhism Online) | |
| Buddhaprabha | ||
| Buddhapālita | Buddhapālita. (T. Sangs rgyas bskyang) (c. 470—540). An Indian Buddhist scholar of the Madhyamaka school, who is regarded in Tibet as a key figure of what was dubbed the Prāsaṅgika school of Madhyamaka. Little is known about the life of Buddhapālita. He is best known for his commentary on Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā, a commentary that was thought to survive only in Tibetan translation, until the recent rediscovery of a Sanskrit manuscript. Buddhapālita's commentary bears a close relation in some chapters to the Akutobhayā, another commentary on Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā of uncertain authorship, which is sometimes attributed to Nāgārjuna himself. In his commentary, Buddhapālita does not adopt some of the assumptions of the Buddhist logical tradition of the day, including the need to state one's position in the form
of an autonomous inference (svatantrānumāna). Instead, Buddhapālita merely states an absurd consequence (prasaṅga) that follows from the opponent's position. In his own commentary on the first chapter of Nāgārjuna's text, Bhāvaviveka criticizes Buddhapālita's method, arguing for the need for the Madhyamaka adept to state his own position after refuting the position of the opponent. In his commentary on the same chapter, Candrakīrti in turn defended the approach of Buddhapālita and criticized Bhāvaviveka. It was on the basis of these three commentaries that later Tibetan exegetes identified two schools within Madhyamaka, the Svātantrika, in which they included Bhāvaviveka, and the Prāsaṅgika, in which they included Buddhapālita and Candrakīrti. (Source: "Buddhapālita." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 154–55. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) | |
| Buddhayaśas | Buddhayaśas. (C. Fotuoyeshe; J. Butsudayasha; K. Pult'ayasa 佛陀耶舍) (d.u.; fl. c. early fifth century). A monk from Kashmir . . . who became an important early translator of Indic Buddhist texts into Chinese. Buddhayaśas is said to have memorized several million words worth of both mainstream and Mahāyāna materials and became a renowned teacher in his homeland. He later taught the Sarvāstivāda vinaya to the preeminent translator Kumārajīva and later joined his star pupil in China, traveling to the capital of Chang'an at Kumãrajīva's invitation in 408. While in China, he collaborated with the Chinese monk Zhu Fonian (d.u.) in the translation of two massive texts of the mainstream Buddhist tradition: the Sifen Lü ("Four-Part Vinaya," in sixty rolls), the vinaya collection of the Dharmaguptaka school, which would become the definitive vinaya used within the Chinese tradition; and the Dīrghāgama, also generally presumed to be associated with the Dharmaguptakas. Even after returning to Kashmir four years later, Buddhayaśas is said to have continued with his translation work, eventually sending back to China his rendering of the Ākāśagarbhasūtra. (Source: "Buddhayaśas." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 157. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) | |
| Buddhaśrī | Buddhaśrī was an important Sakya master active in western central Tibet in the late fourteenth and early fifteenth century. He was an important Lamdre master who passed on that teaching cycle to Ngorchen Kunga Zangpo. | |
| Buddhaśānta | Buddhaśānta. A north Indian *monk who went to *China in 511 CE where he cooperated with *Bodhiruci in translating the *Daśabhumika Sūtra. Later he worked on a version of the *Mahāyāna-saṃgraha and other texts. (Source: "Buddhaśānta." In A Dictionary of Buddhism, 45. Oxford University Press, 2003) | |
| Buescher, H. | ||
| Buescher, J. | ||
| Bullock, M. | ||
| Bum, Pema | ||
| Bunce, F. W. | ||
| Bunnō Katō | The late Reverend Bunnō Katō, born in 1888, the translator of Myōhō-Renge-Kyō, The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law, was a priest-scholar of the Nichiren Sect of Japanese Buddhism. He completed this translation after three years of devoted work, when he was studying at Oxford University since 1922, with the help of Rev. William Soothill, professor of Chinese. On returning to Japan in 1925, he soon became a lecturer at Risshō University and editor of the Nisshū Shimpō, then a mnthly bulletin of the Nichiren Sect. Afterwards he was appointed head of the doctrinal department at the headquarters of the Sect. Katō's hopes of having his English translation of the Lotus Sutra published failed to materialize several times because of the costs involved. After his death, the manuscript was donated by his widow to the library of Risshō University, where it was kept for 35 years until turned over to Dr. Wilhelm Schiffer, professor at Sophia University and director of the International Institute of the Study of Religions, in 1967 for further revision. His translation, indeed, saw the light of day after an elapse of 46 years since he completed the translation in Oxford. (Source: book jacket, Myōhō-Renge-Kyō, The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law) | |
| Bunyiu Nanjio | Nanjo Bunyu, or Nanjō Bun'yū (南条文雄) (1 July 1849 – 9 November 1927) was a Buddhist priest and one of the most important modern Japanese scholars of Buddhism. Nanjō was born to the abbot of Seiunji Temple (誓運寺), part of the Shinshu Ōtani sect (真宗大谷派) of the Higashi Honganji (東本願寺) branch of Jodo Shinshu.
Nanjō studied Classical Chinese texts and Buddhist doctrine in his youth before being sent to Europe in 1876 to study Sanskrit and Indian philosophy from European scholars, including Max Müller, under whom Bunyu studied in England. While there he met the Chinese Buddhist Yang Wenhui, whom he helped to acquire some three hundred Chinese Buddhist texts that had been lost in China to be reprinted at Yang's printing house in Nanjing. In September 1880, Nanjō examined and cataloged a complete edition of the Chinese translation of the Buddhist Tripitaka that had been gifted to the India Office Library in London by the Japanese government. He determined that the India Office Library collection contained the same works as those mentioned in the oldest Catalogue of the Chinese Translation of the Buddhist Tripitaka compiled in 520 AD. He returned to Japan in 1884 and served as a professor or head of a number of Buddhist seminaries and universities until his death. (Source Accessed Jan 13, 2022) | |
| Burbank, M. | ||
| Burchett, P. | ||
| Burford, G. | ||
| Burgos, A. | ||
| Burke, P. | ||
| Burlingame, E. | ||
| Burnett, L. | ||
| Burrill, B. | ||
| Burroughs, K. | ||
| Burton Watson | Burton Dewitt Watson (June 13, 1925 – April 1, 2017) was an American sinologist, translator, and writer known for his English translations of Chinese and Japanese literature. Watson's translations received many awards, including the Gold Medal Award of the Translation Center at Columbia University in 1979, the PEN Translation Prize in 1982 for his translation with Hiroaki Sato of From the Country of Eight Islands: An Anthology of Japanese Poetry, and again in 1995 for Selected Poems of Su Tung-p'o. In 2015, at age 88, Watson was awarded the PEN/Ralph Manheim Medal for Translation for his long and prolific translation career. (Source Accessed June 7, 2021 | |
| Burton, D. | ||
| Bushell, S.W. | ||
| Butcher, A. | ||
| Butler, K. | ||
| Butnor, A. | ||
| Butön Rinchen Drup | ||
| Bya bral ba dge 'dun rgya mtsho dpal bzang po | ||
| Bya btang pa pad ma rdo rje | 15th/16th cent. | |
| Byang chub grags | ||
| Bynner, W. | ||
| Byrne, L. | ||
| Byrom, T | ||
| Bárta, M. | ||
| Böhtlingk, O. | ||
| Bönpo Drakstal | ||
| Böntön Yangzer | ||
| Bötrul Dongak Tenpai Nyima | ||
| Bühnemann, G. | ||
| C. Pierce Salguero | C. Pierce Salguero is an interdisciplinary humanities scholar interested in the role of Buddhism in the cross-cultural exchange of medical ideas worldwide. He has a PhD in the history of medicine from Johns Hopkins University, and is associate professor of Asian history and religious studies at Penn State University's Abington College. He is the author of Translating Buddhist Medicine in Medieval China (2014), and a number of articles on Buddhism and medicine in Asian history. (Buddhism and Medicine, 672) | |
| C. Upender Rao | Prof. Dr. C. Upender Rao is now working as a Professor in the School of Sanskrit and Indic Studies, at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. He is the senior most professor in the school at present. He was the Chairperson of Special Centre for Sanskrit Studies at J N U. He specialized in Sanskrit Language and literature and poetics, Pali and Early Buddhist literature. He recently taught Sanskrit for a month (June, 2018) in Hue Quang Buddhist monastery of Hochiminh city in Vietnam. Prof. Rao was a Visiting professor in Cambodia on ICCR chair, Govt. of India. He is holding Ph. D. (1996) from the dept. of Sanskrit, Osmania University, Hyderabad on “Philosophical Ideas in Dīghanikāya”. He passed M.A. in Sanskrit with distinction (Gold Medal) and M. A. in Pali first class (Gold Medal) from Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, did M. Phil (Sanskrit) on “Study of Simile in Shishupala-vadham” and B. Ed. He passed exams of Prakrit in All India Summer School‟ in Prākrit Language and Literature, Elementary Course 1992, Advanced Course, 1996, in Bhogilal Leherchand Institute of Indology, Delhi. He has edited and authored 22 books. At present he is working on some important Indic issues such as Sanskrit, Pali and Ramayana in Sanskrit inscriptions of south East Asia, mainly, Cambodia. He is member of Global encyclopedia of Ramayana of Ayodhya Research Institute, U. P. He recently presented his paper in Vietnam on “Indian Culture in Sanskrit inscriptions of Cambodia” and on „Akshara Philosophy‟ in Dallas, USA (August, 2018). He has extensively written and published research papers and books in Sanskrit, Pali, Hindi, Telugu and English languages. He received number of awards and certificates of honors from various institutions in India and abroad. (http://www.jnu.ac.in/Faculty/curao/CV_Rao.pdf Source Accessed Apr 2, 2021]) | |
| C.W. "Sandy" Huntington | [C. W. "Sandy"] Huntington was known foremost for his work in Mahayana Buddhist thought, in particular the Madhyamaka philosophy of India and Tibet. More recently, he published a novel, Maya (Wisdom Publications 2015), set in India in the 1970s, and wrote an article, “The Triumph of Narcissism: Theravāda Buddhist Meditation in the Marketplace,” critiquing certain psychotherapeutic models of teaching and understanding vipassanā meditation found in the West today.*
Until his death, Huntington served as a professor of religious studies at Hartwick College, in Oneonta, New York, where he won both the Margaret L. Bunn Award for Excellence in Teaching (2004) and the Teacher/Scholar Award (2019). Before teaching at Hartwick, Huntington worked at the University of Michigan, his alma mater, as well as Denison College and Antioch University’s Buddhist Studies in India program, based in Bodh Gaya. As a doctoral student, Huntington was guided at the University of Michigan by Luis Gómez, himself a beloved and prolific scholar of Indian Buddhist thought. During this time, Huntington traveled to India to study Sanskrit and Tibetan with the great masters of the day, returning many times over his career. On one such visit, he translated Candrakīrti’s Madhyamakāvatāra with Geshé Namgyal Wangchen, later published as The Emptiness of Emptiness (Hawaii University Press 1989), a pioneering text in Buddhist philosophy. Huntington went on to work closely with fellow scholars on topics of hermeneutics and methodology in the study of Buddhist philosophy, asking scholars to look not only at what the texts mean, but what presuppositions and attitudes were influencing their own interpretations and understandings. (Source Accessed May 26, 2021) | |
| Cacella, E. | 17th cent. explorer; Portuguese | |
| Caillat, C. | ||
| Caitlin Collins | Caitlin Collins, when living in Los Angeles in 1979, had the good fortune to see His Holiness the Dalai Lama on his first visit to America. She has been practising the Dharma ever since under the guidance of His Holiness and other wonderful teachers from the four main Tibetan traditions, as well as Theravada and Zen. Cait has been studying with Ringu Tulku Rinpoche since 1996, and started the first Bodhicharya group, Bodhicharya Bosham group in West Sussex, in 1998, under his direction. She now lives in the Exmoor National Park with three horses and a dog, where she looks after Bodhicharya Somerset and tries to live a quiet life of semi-retreat except when enticed out by eco-activism or cream teas. (Source Accessed Jan 7, 2025) | |
| Calkowski, M. | ||
| Callahan, M. | ||
| Callicott, J. | ||
| Camillo Formigatti | Camillo Formigatti studied Indology and Sanskrit as a secondary subject when he was studying Classics at the “Università Statale” in Milan. After that he spent ten years in Germany, learning Tibetan and textual criticism in Marburg and manuscript studies in Hamburg. From June 2008 to May 2011, he worked as a research associate on the project: In the Margins of the Text: Annotated Manuscripts from Northern India and Nepal, in Hamburg. From November 2011 to November 2014 he worked as a Research Associate on the Sanskrit Manuscripts Project in Cambridge and later as a collaborator in the project Transforming Tibetan and Buddhist Book Culture. After having briefly taught Sanskrit at SOAS, since February 2016 he is the John Clay Sanskrit Librarian at the Bodleian Library, University of Oxford. (Source Accessed July 22, 2021) | |
| Campana, P. | ||
| Campany, R. | ||
| Campbell, A. | ||
| Campbell, H. | ||
| Campbell, P. | ||
| Campbell, W. | ||
| Camps, A. | ||
| Can Li | ||
| Candida Bastos | Candida Bastos is a translator of Buddhist works into Portuguese. She has translated a number of works by by Chagdud Tulku, including Portões da Prática Budista: Ensinamentos Essenciais de um Lama Tibetano, O senhor da dança: a autobiografia de um lama tibetano, Para Abrir o Coração: Treinamento para Paz, Comentários sobre Tara Vermelha, and Vida e morte no Budismo Tibetano. She has also co-translated, with Manoel Vidal, O caminho do bodisatva, a Portuguese translation of the revised edition of the English translation of the Bodhicaryāvatāra made by the Padmakara Translation Group. She lives in São Paulo, Brazil. | |
| Candragomin | Candragomin. (T. Btsun pa zla ba). Fifth-century CE Indian lay poet and grammarian, who made substantial contributions
to Sanskrit grammar, founding what was known as the Cāndra school. A junior contemporary of the great Kālidāsa, Candragomin was one of the most accomplished poets in the history of Indian Buddhism. His play Lokānanda, which tells the story of the bodhisattva king Maṇicūḍa, is the oldest extant Buddhist play and was widely performed in the centuries after its composition. He was a devotee of Tārā and composed several works in her praise. Tibetan works describe him as a proponent of Vijñānavãda who engaged in debate with Candrakīrti, but there is little philosophical content in his works that can be confidently ascribed to him. Among those works are the "Letter to a Disciple" (Śiṣyalekha), the "Confessional Praise" (Deśanāstava), and perhaps the "Twenty Verses on the Bodhisattva Precepts" (Bodhisattvasaṃvaraviṃśaka). (Source: "Candragomin." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 165. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) | |
| Candraharipa | ||
| Candrakīrti | ||
| Candrakīrti, the lesser | ||
| Candrākaragupta | Candrākaragupta, often referred to in Tibetan as the Scholar with a Golden Umbrella (paN+Di ta gser gdugs can) was an Indian Buddhist scholar known for his sādhana practice of Mañjuśrī in the form of prajñācakra (shes rab 'khor lo). | |
| Cannon, G. | ||
| Cantrell, M. | ||
| Canzio, R. | ||
| Caple, J. | ||
| Capper, D. | ||
| Capps, D. | ||
| Capra, F. | ||
| Cardona, G. | ||
| Carisse Busquet | Diplômée de l'Institut d'art et d'archéologie de Paris.
Elle a traduit de l'anglais et du tibétain. Gérard et Carisse Busquet, passionnés d’histoire et d’archéologie, grands voyageurs, vivent au Népal depuis plus de vingt ans. Ils ont rédigé de nombreux ouvrages sur l’Inde, le Népal et Sri Lanka. (Source Accessed April 6, 2023) | |
| Carl Bielefeldt | Associate professor in the Department of Religious Studies at Stanford University. He is a specialist on early Japanese Zen whose major work to date is Dōgen's Manuals of Zen Meditation, which was corecipient of the 1990 Hiromi Arisawa Memorial Award from the Association of American University Presses with the Japan Foundation. | |
| Carl Cappeller | CAPPELLER, Carl Johann Wilhelm. Alexkehmen, Ostpreussen 22.3.1840 — Jena 17.7.1925. German Indologist. Professor in Jena. Son of an estate owner from East Prussia, Wilhelm C., and Amalie Knochenhauer, educated at Glumbinnen Gymnasium. In 1860-64 studies of classical philology, soon also of Sanskrit (under Bopp and Weber), IE and Lithuanian at Berlin. Ph.D. 1868 Leipzig. In 1872 habilitation at Jena. With the Bopp Scholarship visited Paris, London and Oxford studying manuscripts. Back in Jenaworked as schoolteacher and, nominated 1875 ao. Professor at university, also continued at school until 1905 to supplement his meagre salary.Never promoted to ordinarius.Hofrat 1908. Married 1889 Anna Lengning, three sons. In Jena Cappeller represented the philological side of Indology beside the linguist Delbrück. He was one of the best specialists of Indian drama and knew Sanskrit remarkably well. As a philologist he followed eclectic method without giving much attention to recensions. Thus e.g. his Śakuntalā is an eclectic text based on the Devanāgarī recension. His dictionary was prepared to offer the gist of Böhtligk’s large works to students and it has been very much used. Translated Western poetry in Sanskrit. He was popular as a teacher, but as he never got ordinary position all finished their doctorate under others. (Source Accessed Jan 15, 2024) | |
| Carl Shigeo Yamamoto | Carl Yamamoto is an emeritus faculty member of Towson University. He received his MA and PhD in Religious Studies from the University of Virginia. His areas of expertise include: Tibetan Buddhism during the “later dissemination” period (950-1300); Religious autobiography and the textual economies of medieval Tibet; Textual production and material culture; Religious conflict and the construction of orthodoxy and heterodoxy; Sectarian identity and individual identity. (Source Accessed Oct. 31, 2023) | |
| Carlier, S. | ||
| Carlson, L. | ||
| Carmen Dragonetti | Carmen Dragonetti (born in Argentina, 1937) and Fernando Tola (born in Peru, 1915) are the most prestigious Indologists in the Spanish-speaking world, both being researchers from the National Council for Scientific and Technical Research, Argentina. They were President and Vice-President, respectively, of the Institute of Buddhist Studies Foundation (FIEB).
Both were professors at universities in Peru and Argentina. Dedicated to Indology and the study of Buddhism, they published a large number of books and articles in Spanish and English, containing highly reliable translations of Sanskrit, Pali, Chinese and/or Tibetan texts, such as the unsurpassed Tola versions of the Gita Govinda and the Bhagavad Gita, and Dragonetti's Dhammapada, which are remarkable for their beauty and clarity, one of the most relevant qualities of these authors as writers. Other translations by the same authors include Five Mahayana Sutras, also published by Primorda Media, the Udana and The Sutra of Infinite Meanings, Wu liang i ching. (Adapted from Source Oct 4, 2022) | |
| Carmen Meinert | Carmen Meinert holds the chair for Central Asian Religions at the Center for Religious Studies (CERES) at Ruhr University Bochum, Germany. One of her research interests focuses on the transmission of Buddhism in Central Asia, Tibet and China with particular emphasis on early Tantric and Esoteric Buddhist Traditions. Her publications include ed., Buddha in the Yurt—Buddhist Art from Mongolia. Munich: Hirmer, 2 vols., 2011; “Assimilation and Transformation of Esoteric Buddhism in Tibet and China. Case Study of the Adaptation Processes of Violence in a Ritual Context.” In Tibet after Empire. Culture, Society and Religion between 850–1000. Proceedings of the Seminar Held in Lumbini, Nepal, March 2010, edited by Christoph Cüppers, Robert Mayer and Michael Walter, 295–312. Lumbini: Lumbini International Research Institute, 2013. (Source Accessed Aug 1, 2023) | |
| Carmien, S. | ||
| Carnahan, S. | ||
| Carolan, T. | ||
| Carpenter, D. | ||
| Carstens, C. | ||
| Casey Forgues Kemp | Casey Forgues (Kemp) is a PhD candidate at the University of Vienna and editorial director of Khyentse Vision Project. Casey received her MPhil in Tibetan Studies at the University of Oxford and has translated sūtras for 84000. Her research focuses on tantric philosophical views of the luminous nature of mind in the early Mahāmudrā tradition (eleventh-thirteenth centuries). She is the co-editor of Buddha Nature across Asia and has published on topics including death and dying in tantric Buddhism, buddha nature, the six yogas of Nāropa, and the Kalācakra tradition. Source: Khyentse Vision Project Accessed July 22, 2024. | |
| Cashman, T. | ||
| Casper, M. | ||
| Cassinelli, C. | ||
| Cassé, M. | ||
| Castleman, S. | ||
| Catherine Dalton | Catherine Dalton is an oral interpreter and a translator for the Dharmachakra Translation Committee. She has published a number of translations with Dharmachakra, including several for 84000. Catherine studied and taught at the Rangjung Yeshe Institute in Nepal for a number of years, and is the co-director of the Dharmachakra Center for Translation and Translation Studies at Rangjung Yeshe Gomde, CA. She holds an MA in Buddhist Studies from Kathmandu University, and is currently a doctoral student in Buddhist Studies at UC Berkeley. (Source: 2014 Translation & Transmission Conference Program) | |
| Cathy Cantwell | Dr. Cathy Cantwell in an Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Kent's School of Anthropology and Conservation.
Dr Cathy Cantwell first came to Kent for her undergraduate degree in Social Anthropology in 1975-78 and, after travelling in India the following year, she returned to Kent for her doctoral research. Her PhD (1989) was a study of a Tibetan Buddhist monastery in Northern India, especially focusing on the annual cycle of ritual practice. Since the 1990s, she has principally worked on Tibetan textual research projects together with her husband, Robert Mayer, including a project at CSAC Kent with Professor Michael Fischer on an eighteenth century Tibetan manuscript collection. While keeping her Kent association, Cathy has participated in research projects in Tibetan studies at the University of Bochum as a Mercator Fellow (2018-2019) and as a visiting Research Fellow (2015-2016), working on the theme of Religion and the Senses. She has been involved in the design of and work on a series of AHRC funded research projects at the Oriental Institute, University of Oxford (2002-2015), as well as one at the University of Cardiff (2006-2009). Major publications have included: A Noble Noose of Methods, the Lotus Garland Synopsis: A Mahāyoga Tantra and its Commentary (2012); Early Tibetan Documents on Phur pa from Dunhuang (2008); and The Kīlaya Nirvāṇa Tantra and the Vajra Wrath Tantra: two texts from the Ancient Tantra Collection (2007), written jointly with Robert Mayer, and published by The Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, Vienna. Dr Cantwell retains her passionate interest in Tibetan rituals and tantric practice of all historical periods. As well as delving into archaeologically recovered tantric manuscripts dating from the tenth century, a book is in process on authorship, originality and innovation in Tibetan revelations (the output of a project at Oxford, 2010-2015), looking at textual developments over many generations, with a focus on the productions of Dudjom Jigdral Yeshe Dorje (1904-1987). Recent publications include an article on contemporary Tibetan 'Medicinal Accomplishment' rituals. Her major work on a twentieth-century Tibetan Buddhist master is also in press. A further forthcoming book on a twentieth century revelation of longevity rituals, co-authored with Geoffrey Samuel with contributions from Robert Mayer and P. Ogyan Tanzin, is entitled, The Seed of Immortal Life: Contexts and Meanings of a Tibetan Longevity Practice. (Source Accessed Mar 18, 2021) | |
| Cattoi, T. | ||
| Caturvedī, M. | ||
| Caumanns, V. | ||
| Cavanagh, C. | ||
| Caws, M. | ||
| Cayton, L. | ||
| Cech, K. | ||
| Cecil Bendall | Cecil Bendall (1 July 1856 – 14 March 1906) was an English scholar, a professor of Sanskrit at University College London from 1895 to 1902 and later at the University of Cambridge from 1903 until his death.
Bendall was educated at the City of London School and at the University of Cambridge, achieving first-class honours in the Classical Tripos in 1879 and the Indian Languages Tripos in 1881. He was elected to a fellowship at Gonville and Caius College. From 1882 to 1893 he worked at the British Museum in the department of Oriental Manuscripts (now part of the British Library). In 1894–1895 he was in Nepal and Northern India collecting oriental manuscripts for the British Museum. During the winter 1898–1899 he returned to Nepal and together with pandit Hara Prasad Shastri and his assistant pandit Binodavihari Bhattacharya from the Asiatic Society in Calcutta, the team registered and collected information from palm-leaf manuscripts in the Durbar Library belonging to Rana Prime Minister Bir Shumsher J. B. Rana, and here he found the famous historical document Gopal Raj Vamshavali, describing Nepal's history from around 1000 to 1600. (Adapted from Source Mar 18, 2021) | |
| Celnarová, X. | ||
| Celso Scott Wilkinson | Celso Wilkinson is a graduate of Naropa University where he studied Tibetan Buddhism and Tibetan Language. After graduating he continued his language studies abroad in Eastern Tibet and Northern India while intermittently working as a curriculum coordinator for the Nitartha Institute.
Now as a translator and TEI markup editor for 84000, in addition to translation his work has focused on developing various data projects for 84000. He is currently exploring ways in which this vast knowledge developed under the 84000 project can be utilized with computer technology as a resource for translators and researchers. This includes developing a translation memory project as well as exploring the current state of translation software, applications, and data projects and how they can be of benefit through this valuable data. He lives in Binghamton, NY. While not working for 84000, Celso is also a painter and writes graphic novels. (Source: 84000) | |
| Ch'ih, H. | ||
| Cha, J. | ||
| Cha, S. | The Korean scholar Sangyeob Cha, who was born in 1969, is Humanities Korea Professor at Geumgang Center for Buddhist Studies at Geumgang University (金剛大學校， 甘フネ邙哥丑 Geumgang Daehakgyo) in South Korea and is the Head of the center’s research team for tathãgatagarbha studies. He received the MA degree in 1999 from Dongguk University (東國大學校，吾号邙計丑 Dongguk Daehakgyo) in Seoul, followed by the PhD degree in 2007 from the same institution with a dissertation on śamatha meditation practice, comparing the explanations given in Tsong kha pa's Lam rim chen mo with related explanations from Indian Yogācāra texts, particularly the YBh. This made him one of the first Tibetologists to be educated in South Korea. He joined the Geumgang Center for Buddhist Studies in 2007 as a researcher and was promoted to Professor in 2011.
His research has mainly been concerned with meditation doctrines of the Yogācāra tradition in India and Tibet as represented in texts and Buddhist art, as well as the doctrine of buddha-nature (tathāgatagarbha) especially as found in the commentarial writings on the Ratnagotravibhāga by the Tibetan scholar Rngog Bio ldan shes rab (1059-1109). (Source: The Foundation for Yoga Practitioners, page 239, footnote 428) | |
| Chadha, M. | ||
| Chadrabhal Tripathi | ||
| Chagdud Tulku | ||
| Chaix, R. | ||
| Chajes, J. | ||
| Chakrabarti, A. | ||
| Chakravarti, P. | ||
| Chakriwa | ||
| Chakung Jigme Wangdrak Rinpoche | Chakung Jigme Wangdrak Rinpoche (ལྕགས་ཁུང་འཇིགས་མེད་དབང་དྲག) was born in the Golok region of Eastern Tibet as the fourth descendant of the great Tibetan master Dudjom Lingpa – one of the foremost spiritual masters of 19th Century Tibet. At the age of 15 he was recognized as the reincarnation of Rigzin Longsal Nyingpo by Choktrul Tamdrin Wangyal. He attended Larung Gar Monastery and studied Buddhist teachings in great depth, including Sutra and Tantra as well as Dzogchen pith instructions and empowerments with His Holiness Khenchen Jigme Phuntsok, who formally requested for Rinpoche to teach and preserve the lineage of Dudjom Lingpa.
2024 Publication: Loving Life as It Is: A Buddhist Guide to Ultimate Happiness. Foreword by Anam Thubten. Boulder, CO: Shambhala Publications, 2024. In addition to his training at Larung Gar, Rinpoche received teachings from a well known female teacher and descendant of Dudjom Lingpa, Dakini Kunzang Wangmo, who also encouraged him to teach and preserve the Dudjom lineage. While in Tibet, Rinpoche was responsible for the publication of many revelatory writings from Dudjom Lingpa and produced an original woodblock edition of the Nyingma Gyudbum, The 100,000 Tantras of the Nyingma Lineage, published at the Derge Printing House. Since 2011, Rinpoche has lived primarily in the San Francisco Bay Area and teaches to a number of Buddhist communities. (Source: Abhaya Fellowship, San Francisco Bay Area) | |
 | ||
| Chalmers, R. | ||
| Chan, A. | ||
| Chan, H. | ||
| Chan, L. | ||
| Chandler, J. | ||
| Chandragomin | ||
| Chang, B. | ||
| Chang, H. | ||
| Chang, J. | ||
| Chang, K. | ||
| Changmen Döndrup Dargye | ||
| Changngoba, Tseyang | ||
| Chanmyay Sayadaw U Janakābhivaṃsa | The Venerable Chanmyay Sayadaw U Janakābhivaṃsa, (Burmese: ချမ်းမြေ့ဆရာတော် ဦးဇနကာဘိဝံသ, pronounced [tɕʰáɰ̃mjḛ sʰəjàdɔ̀ ú za̰nəkàbḭwʊ̀ɰ̃θa̰]; born 24 July 1928) is a Theravada Buddhist monk from Myanmar.
Early life and studies He was born in Pyinma village, Taungdwingyi Township, British Burma, on Tuesday, 24 July 1928. His parents were U Phyu Min and Daw Shwe Yee. He started to study the Buddhist scriptures at the age of fifteen as a novice monk. He received the higher upasampada ordination in 1947 and continued advanced studies of Buddhist scriptures. He practised Vipassana meditation under the instruction of the most Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw from 1953 to 1954. He was then invited by the State Buddha Sasana Organization to be an editor of the Buddhist scriptures in Pali for reciting Buddhist scriptures at the Sixth Buddhist Council in Myanmar. Starting from 1957, the Venerable Sayadaw spent six years in Colombo, Sri Lanka, where he continued his studies of English, Sanskrit, Hindi and Sinhalese languages. He returned to Myanmar in June 1963. At the invitation of the state Buddha Sasana Organisation, he took up residence at Kaba-Aye where he edited the publications of Pali Texts. Teaching career In 1967, he was appointed by the Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw as a meditation teacher at Mahasi Sasana Yeiktha, Yangon. In 1977 Sayadaw Ashin Janakabhivamsa took up residence at Chanmyay Yeiktha Meditation Center which was donated to him by some devotees and became the abbot of the center. He has been since then well known as Chanmyay Sayadaw. In 1979-1980, Chanmyay Sayadaw accompanied the Mahasi Sayadaw's Dhamma Mission to Europe and the USA. He has undertaken many Dhamma missions to countries in Asia, Europe, and the United States. As recently as July 2015, at the age of 87, he travelled to the UK, Ireland, and Canada giving Dhamma Talks. (Source Accessed March 17, 2022) | |
| Chapa Chökyi Senge | ||
| Chapa Chökyi Senge | Phywa pa [alt. Cha pa] Chos kyi Seng ge. (Chapa Chökyi Senge) (1109–1169). The sixth abbot of Gsang phu ne’u thog, a Bka' gdams monastery founded in 1073 by Rngog Legs pa'i shes rab. Among his students are included the first Karma pa, Dus gsum mkhyen pa and the Sa skya hierarch Bsod nams rtse mo. His collected works include explanations of Madhyamaka and Prajñāpāramitā. With his influential Tshad ma'i bsdus pa yid kyi mun sel rtsa 'grel he continued the line of pramāṇa scholarship started by Rngog Blo ldan shes rab, one that would later be challenged by Sa skya Paṇḍita. He is credited with originating the distinctively Tibetan bsdus grwa genre of textbook (used widely in Dge lugs monasteries) that introduces beginners to the main topics in abhidharma in a peculiar dialectical form that strings together a chain of consequences linked by a chain of reasons. He also played an important role in the formation of the bstan rim genre of Tibetan Buddhist literature, the forerunner of the more famous lam rim. (Source: "Phywa pa Chos kyi Seng ge." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 644. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27) | |
| Chapa Chökyi Senge | From shAkya mchog ldan a more detailed description of important students:
དཔེ་འགྲེམས་ཀྱི་གྲྭ་པ་ལྔ་སྟོང་ཙམ་བྱུང་བར་གྲགས། དེའི་ནང་ནས་མཆོག་ཏུ་གྱུར་པ། གྲུབ་ཐོབ་མི་གསུམ། ཇོ་སྲས་མི་བཞི། ཤེས་རབ་ཅན་མི་གསུམ། སེང་ཆེན་བརྒྱད ་རྣམས་སོ། །དང་པོ་ནི། རྗེ་དུས་གསུམ་མཁྱེན་པ། ཕག་མོ་གྲུབ་པ། གསལ་སྟོ་ཤོ་སྒོམ་རྣམས་སོ། །ལ་ལ་ཞང་འཚལ་པ་ཡིན་ཞེས་ཟེར། གཉིས་པ་ནི། ས་ཇོ་སྲས་བསོད་ནམས་རྩེ་མོ། མཉོས་ཇོ་སྲས་དཔལ་ལེ། ཁུ་ཇོ་སྲས་ནེ་ཙོ། རྔོག་ཇོ་སྲས་ར་མོ་རྣམས་སོ། །གསུམ་པ་ནི། རྐོང་པོ་འཇག་ཆུང༌། ལྷོ་པ་སྒོག་གཟན། པར་བུ་བ་བློ་གྲོས་སེང་གེ་རྣམས་སོ། །སྒོག་གཟན་ནི་ལྷོ་པ་ཐམས་ཅད་མཁྱེན་པར་གྲགས་པ་སྟེ། ལྷོ་པ་དྷར་སེང་ངོ༌། །བཞི་པ་ནི། ཕྱྭ་པའི་རྗེས་སུ་གདན་ས་ལོ་ལྔ་མཛད་པའི་བརྩེགས་དབང་ཕྱུག་སེང་གེ་གཙང་ནག་པ་བརྩོན་འགྲུས་སེང་གེ་ རྨ་བྱ་རྩོད་པའི་སེང་གེ་ བྲུ་ཤ་བསོད་ནམས་སེང་གེ་ མྱང་བྲན་པ་ཆོས་ཀྱི་སེང་གེ་ དན་འབག་པ་སྨྲ་བའི་སེང་གེ་ འདམ་པ་དཀོན་མཆོག་སེང་གེ་ རྐྱང་དུར་བ་གཞོན་ནུ་སེང་གེ་ ལ་ལ་དག་འུ་ཡུག་པ་བསོད་ནམས་སེང་གེ ཞེས་ཟེར་ཡང་དུས་མི་འགྲིག་ Another list of the seng chen rgyad can be found in the Chos 'byung mkhas pa'i dga' ston, p. 729: སློབ་མ་ཐུགས་སྲས་སེང་ཆེན་བརྒྱད་ཅེས། གཙང་ནག་པ་བརྩོན་འགྲུས་སེང་གེ དན་འབག་སྨྲ་བའི་སེང་གེ བྲུ་ཤ་བསོད་ནམས་སེང་གེ རྨ་བྱ་རྩོད་པའི་སེང་གེ རྩགས་དབང་ཕྱུག་སེང་གེ ཉང་བྲན་ཆོས་ཀྱི་སེང་གེ འདན་མ་དཀོན་མཆོག་སེང་གེ གཉལ་པ་ཡོན་ཏན་སེང་གེ ཁ་ཅིག་གཙང་པ་འཇམ་དཔལ་སེང་གེ་ཡང་འདྲེན། And again in the Chos rnam kun btus, p. 1853: 1. gtsang nag pa brtson 'grus seng ge 2. dan 'bag pa smra ba'i seng ge 3. bru sha bsod nams seng ge 4. rmya ba rtsod pa'i seng ge 5. rtsags dbang phyug seng ge 6. myang bran chos kyi seng ge 7. ldan ma dkon mchog seng ge 8. gnyal pa yon tan seng ge | |
| Chapela, L. | ||
| Chappie, C. | ||
| Chapple, C. | ||
| Chaptsang Jampal | An eminent scholar, also known as 'Jam dpal, cha 'gab tshang. He has as also written on Tibetan language and literature. | |
| Charachidzé, G. | ||
| Charles B. Jones | Charles B. Jones is an associate professor of Religious Studies at The Catholic University of America in Washington, DC. He earned a PhD at the University of Virginia in 1996 and specializes in Pure Land Buddhism in China. (Source: Shambhala Publications) | |
| Charles D. Orzech | Charles D. Orzech is Professor Emeritus at University of North Carolina, Greensboro. He received is PhD from the University of Chicago. His primary interests are in cultural contact and interaction and in the fundamental hybridity of human cultural activity. He explores those interests primarily through research on the appropriation and transformation of late Mahāyāna Buddhism in eighth- through thirteenth- century China. he teaches a variety of courses, from introductory Buddhism and Chinese religion to seminars on theories of myth and on semiotics and religious images. His articles and translations have appeared in History of Religions, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Cahiers d’Extreme-Asie, Journal of the International Buddhist Studies Association, Journal of Chinese Religions, and elsewhere. He is the author of Politics and Transcendent Wisdom: The Scripture for Humane Kings in the Creation of Chinese Buddhism (Pennsylvania State University Press, Hermeneutics Series, 1998). More recently, he was the general editor of Esoteric Buddhism and the Tantras in East Asia (1200 pages, E. J. Brill). (Adapted from Source June 2, 2023) | |
| Charles DiSimone | Charles DiSimone's research interests include the applications of philological and critical analysis of Buddhist sūtra manuscripts and literature, both Mahāyāna and Mainstream, in order to explore issues of intertextuality, translation, and canonicity. (Source Accessed Feb 22, 2021) | |
| Charles F. Keyes | Professor Emeritus of Anthropology and International Studies, University of Washington, Seattle. Author of Thailand: Buddhist Kingdom as Modern Nation State; Finding Their Voice: Northeastern Thai Villagers and the Thai State; and Golden Peninsula: Culture and Adaptation in Mainland Southeast Asia. (Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023) | |
| Charles Goodman | Charles Goodman is Professor in the Philosophy Department and the Department of Asian and Asian-American Studies at Binghamton University. His first book was Consequences of Compassion: An Interpretation and Defense of Buddhist Ethics (2009). As a member of the Cowherds collaboration, he is also a co-author of Moonpaths: Ethics and Emptiness (2016). Recently he published the first complete translation of the Śikṣā-samuccaya in over ninety years, entitled The Training Anthology of Śāntideva (2016). Charles holds a BA in Physics from Harvard University and a Ph.D. in Philosophy from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He has published numerous articles and book chapters on the works of Mahāyāna Buddhist philosophers, including Śāntideva, Bhāvaviveka, Nāgārjuna, Dharmakīrti, and Vasubandhu. His work emphasizes aspects of Buddhist thought that can offer valuable insights for the philosophy of today. Charles has also published several articles on applied ethics and political philosophy in the Western tradition. His writings on Buddhist philosophy have explored a range of topics, including ethical theory, conceptions of well-being, free will, and personal identity. (Source Accessed Mar 29, 2021) | |
| Charles Hallisey | Charles Hallisey served on the Committee on the Study of Religion at Harvard from 1991 to 2000, and then again in 2007 when he joined the Faculty of Divinity. Prior to returning to Harvard, he was Associate Professor in the Department of Languages and Cultures of Asia at the University of Wisconsin. Since January 2005, he had also been director of Wisconsin's Religious Studies Program. His research centers on Theravada Buddhism in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia, Pali language and literature, Buddhist ethics, literature in Buddhist culture. He is currently working on a book project entitled Flowers on the Tree of Poetry: The Moral Economy of Literature in Buddhist Sri Lanka. (Source Accessed Mar 10, 2021) | |
| Charles Hastings | Charles has been a Dharma practitioner and scholar for over fifty years, and was one of the founding members of Padmakara Translation Group. Charles is one of our in-house editors and a mentor for junior editors and translators. He brings both editorial skills and a wealth of Dharma knowledge and experience to his role.
Charles’ adventure with the Dharma started in 1968. He has had the great privilege of receiving teachings from great masters, including Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche and Dudjom Rinpoche, and had the immense fortune to spend two years in India with his root teacher, Kyabje Kangyur Rinpoche. Charles has completed about nine years of retreat, including two traditional three-year retreats in Dordogne, France, as well as a couple of shorter retreats. During these retreats he received detailed instructions on the nine yānas and had the opportunity to put them into practice intensively. Charles has BA and MA degrees in Asian languages from Cambridge University, where he studied archaeology and anthropology. He also studied Sanskrit, Prakrits, and Pāli under Professor K.R. Norman, whose methodology and rigor continue to inspire his approach to translation and mentoring. Charles was cotranslator of the renowned translation of Patrul Rinpoche’s The Words of My Perfect Teacher, which attempts to reflect the verve of the original in a way that is comprehensible and inspiring for modern readers. He has translated two books by his long-time friend Matthieu Ricard from French into English. He has also worked as an editor for 84000, mainly working on Prajñāpāramitā texts. (Source Accessed May 25th, 2023) | |
| Charles Joseph de Harlez | Charles-Joseph de Harlez de Deulin (Liège, 21 August 1832 – Leuven, 14 July 1899) was a Belgian Orientalist, domestic prelate, canon of the cathedral of Liège, and member of the Academie Royale of Belgium, who studied and translated the Zoroastrian holy texts.
The family of de Harlez was an old and noble family of Liège. On completing his ordinary college course de Harlez devoted himself to the study of law in the University of Liège. His success in legal studies was considerable, and a strong doctorate examination brought his career at the law school to a close. His family connections and his own ability gave promise of a bright future, but, growing dissatisfied with the law, de Harlez soon abandoned the legal profession altogether. He then took up the study of theology, and in 1858 was ordained priest. After his ordination he was appointed director of the college of Saint-Quirin in Huy. In 1867 he was put in charge of a new arts school which had been established for young ecclesiastics in connection with the Catholic University of Louvain. This position he held for four years. An old predilection for Oriental studies began then to make itself felt again in him. He was appointed to a professorship in the Oriental department of the Louvain Catholic University in 1871 and devoted himself with energy to the study of the Zoroastrian Sacred book - the Avesta - of which he published a translation (1875–77). Spiegel had already translated the Avesta into German and Anqueil-Duperron had attempted a translation into French. The translation of de Harlez was an addition to Avesta exegesis, and the second edition of the work appeared in 1881. The relationship between the Rig Veda and the Avesta were not yet fully understood, de Harlez set himself to determine it. He emphasized the differences, in spite of many apparent agreements, between the two texts. His view met with much opposition, but some of his opponents - for instance James Darmesteter - reportedly came round to his point of view. In 1883 Mgr de Harlez turned to a new department-the language and literature of China. In this department he was chiefly attracted by the problems of the ancient Chinese religion. He shows everywhere in his works this same taste for the study of religious developments, and founded and became first chief editor of a journal, Muséon, which was intended to be devoted to the objective study of history generally and of religious history in particular. It was founded in 1881, and many of the most important of its early articles were contributed by de Harlez. Though he was editor of the "Muséon" and still a keen student of Iranian and Chinese, de Harlez had time for other work. He was all the time professor of Sanskrit in the university and produced a Sanskrit manual for the use of his students. He also made himself familiar with Manchu literature, and in 1884 he published in Louvain a handbook of the Manchu language. Under him the school of Louvain Oriental studies flourished. The Mélanges Charles de Harlez (Leyden. 1896), a collection of more than fifty scientific articles written by scholars of all countries and creeds, was presented to him on the twenty-fifth anniversary of his Louvain professorship. (Source Accessed Apr 18, 2022) | |
| Charles Luk | Charles Luk (1898-1978) (simplified Chinese: 陆宽昱; traditional Chinese: 陸寬昱; pinyin: Lù Kuānyù; Wade–Giles: Lu K'uan Yü; Jyutping: Luhk Fūn-Yūk) was an early translator of Chinese Buddhist texts and commentaries into the English language. He was born in Guangdong province, and moved later to Hong Kong, where he wrote most of his books.
Charles Luk often used the title Upāsaka (居士), e.g. "Upāsaka Lu K'uan Yü" (陸寬昱居士), referring to his role as a devout lay follower of Buddhism. His first Buddhist teacher was a tulku of Esoteric Buddhism, the Khutuktu of Xikang. Later he became a disciple of Hsu Yun, the famous inheritor of all five houses of the Chán school in China.[1] Master Hsu Yun personally asked Charles Luk to translate key Chinese Buddhist texts into English, so that Western Buddhists could have access to authentic teachings to assist their practice. Upon his death in 1978, this task was taken on by his British disciple Richard Hunn (1949–2006), also known as Upasaka Wen Shu - who edited the 1988 Element edition of Charles Luk's book entitled Empty Cloud: The Autobiography of the Chinese Zen Master Xu Yun. Charles Luk contributed broadly to Buddhist publications in India, London, Paris, and New York. Translations:
Other works:
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| Charles Manson | Charles Manson lived at Samyeling in the UK and studied and practiced Buddhism extensively there, later traveling in Tibet and studying the second Karmapa, Karma Pakshi in particular. He received his BA degree from SOAS, and MTS degree from Harvard Divinity School (Tibetan Buddhism). In addition to teaching at SOAS, he is currently Tibetan Subject Librarian for the Bodleian Library, Oxford. He maintains Bod Blog (yeshiuk.blogspot.com), a blog relating to the Tibetan Collection at the Bodleian. He also writes for BDRC regularly and maintains the Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/tibetanoxford | |
| Charles Pyle | ||
| Charles Ramble | ||
| Charles S. Prebish | Charles Prebish came to Utah State University in January 2007 following more than thirty-five years on the faculty of the Pennsylvania State University. During his tenure at Utah State University, he was the first holder of the Charles Redd Endowed Chair in Religious Studies and served as Director of the Religious Studies Program. During his career, Dr. Prebish published more than twenty books and nearly one hundred scholarly articles and chapters. His books Buddhist Monastic Discipline (1975) and Luminous Passage: The Practice and Study of Buddhism in America (1999) are considered classic volumes in Buddhist Studies. Dr. Prebish remains the leading pioneer in the establishment of the study of Western Buddhism as a sub-discipline in Buddhist Studies. In 1993 he held the Visiting Numata Chair in Buddhist Studies at the University of Calgary, and in 1997 was awarded a Rockefeller Foundation National Humanities Fellowship for research at the University of Toronto. Dr. Prebish has been an officer in the International Association of Buddhist Studies, and was co-founder of the Buddhism Section of the American Academy of Religion. In 1994, he co-founded the Journal of Buddhist Ethics, which was the first online peer-reviewed journal in the field of Buddhist Studies; and in 1996, co-founded the Routledge "Critical Studies in Buddhism" series. He has also served as editor of the Journal of Global Buddhism and Critical Review of Books in Religion. In 2005, he was honored with a "festschrift" volume by his colleagues titled Buddhist Studies from India to America: Essays in Honor of Charles S. Prebish. Dr. Prebish retired from Utah State University on December 31, 2010, and was awarded emeritus status. He currently resides in State College, Pennsylvania. (Source Accessed Oct 21, 2015) | |
| Charleux, I. | ||
| Charlotte Freeman | Charlotte Freeman, a SOAS PhD student, has for the past five or more years been working under the supervision of Dr Piatigorsky on the Akṣyamatinirdeśa-sūtra and its commentary by Vasubandhu. (Source: The Buddhist Forum, Vol. 2) | |
| Charlotte Furth | Charlotte Davis Furth (January 22, 1934 – June 19, 2022) was an American scholar of Chinese history. She was a professor at California State University, Long Beach, and at the University of Southern California. She was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship and a Fulbright fellowship for her research, and published several books. Furth taught history for 23 years at the California State University, Long Beach (CSULB), until 1989, and then for 18 more years at the University of Southern California (USC). In 1972 she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. She taught at Beijing University in 1981 and 1982, one of the first American Fulbright fellows admitted to teach in China after the Cultural Revolution. She retired with emeritus status from USC in 2008. In 2012 she was honored by the Association for Asian Studies with an award for her "distinguished contributions to Asian Studies." (Source Accessed June 19, 2023) | |
| Chasnoff, J. | ||
| Chatral Kunga | ||
| Chatral Sangye Dorje | Kyabjé Chatral Rinpoche, Sangye Dorje (Tib. བྱ་བྲལ་སངས་རྒྱས་རྡོ་རྗེ་, Wyl. bya bral sangs rgyas rdo rje) (1913–2015) was a renowned Dzogchen master, a reclusive yogin famous for his great realization and strict discipline. A disciple of the great master Khenpo Ngakchung, he was widely regarded as one of the most highly realized Dzogchen yogins of recent times. In addition to his relationship with Khenpo Ngakchung, Chatral Rinpoche also studied with some of the last century's most renowned masters, including Dudjom Rinpoche, Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö, and the famed dakini, Sera Khandro. Rinpoche was one of the primary lineage holders of the Longchen Nyingtik, and in particular the lineage that descends through Jigme Lingpa's heart son Jikmé Gyalwé Nyugu and then on to Patrul Rinpoche.
Though his main lineage is the Longchen Nyingtik, Chatral Rinpoche was also closely associated with the Dudjom Tersar lineage. He was empowered as the regent of Kyabjé Dudjom Rinpoche and passed on this lineage to this master's reincarnation, who lives primarily in central Tibet. Chatral Rinpoche in his youth, courtesy of Matthew Pistono (photographer unknown) Chatral Rinpoche shunned institutional and political involvement his whole life, choosing instead to live the life of a wandering yogin. A lay yogin, he was also greatly concerned with maintaining strict discipline in the context of the Dzogchen view. He was especially well known for his advocacy of vegetarianism and his yearly practice of ransoming the lives of thousands of animals in India. In addition to his emphasis on the union of view and conduct, Rinpoche also stressed the practice of retreat. He established numerous retreat centers throughout the Himalayas, including in Pharping, Yolmo and Darjeeling. He passed into parinirvana in Yangleshö in Nepal on December 30th, 2015, at the age of 102. He had two daughters, Tara Devi and Saraswati (recognised as a tulku of Sera Khandro), with his wife Sangyum Kamala. (Source Accessed Feb 11, 2025) | |
| Chatterjee, S. C. | ||
| Chau, T. | ||
| Chaulagain, N. | ||
| Chavez-Segura, A. | ||
| Chavis, M. | ||
| Chayet, A. | Anne Chayet donated her personal library to Tsadra Foundation when she passed in 2015. See the collection here:. Thank you Anne!
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Chayet We are deeply saddened to inform you of the passing away of our colleague and friend Anne Chayet, struck down by a heart attack during the night of the 4th to the 5th of May 2015. Her disappearance, totally unexpected, shatters all those who had the chance to work closely with her. Renowned historian of Tibet, especially its art and society, wielding both Tibetan and Chinese sources, Anne Chayet largely contributed to the broad reach of Tibetology. Longtime Director of the Research Team on the history and society of the Tibetan cultural areas at the CNRS, Director of the Institute of Tibetan Studies of the College de France until recently, a member of the National Committee of the CNRS, Anne Chayet has played a leading role in the development of Asian Studies. Associate Director of the UMR 8155 created in 2006, she devoted herself tirelessly to ensure the success of the scientific projects of our team. To one degree or another, many researchers have benefited from her judicious guidance, from her involvement in the life of our laboratory, and from the help she brought to all with great generosity, without sparing time and asking nothing in return. In her commitment to research, Anne was a woman of ideas and passion, while remaining very modest. May her example remain alive in our memories. Her funerals were held yesterday morning (Tuesday 13th, May 2015) in the strictest privacy according to her wish. Homage will soon be paid to her in several scientific journals. Nicolas Fiévé and Alain Thote Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (EPHE), Paris Centre de recherche sur les Civilisations de l’Asie Orientale (CRCAO) (Source Accessed February 26, 2018)
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| Chayulpa Zhonnu Ö | ||
| Che mchog don grub rtsal | ||
| Chekawa | ||
| Chen, C. M. | ||
| Chen, C.J. | ||
| Chen, J. | ||
| Chen, K. | ||
| Chen, P. | ||
| Chen, Q. | ||
| Chen, Y. | ||
| Chen-Hua | ||
| Chen-kuo Lin | Chen-kuo Lin is Professor Emeritus of Buddhist Philosophy at National Chengchi University. He also serves as Director of the Sheng Yen Center for Chinese Buddhist Studies. Currently there are four research projects under his supervision: (1) "An Annotated Translation of Dharmapāla’s Cheng weishi baosheng lun," (2) "Exploring Buddhism in Early Modern East Asia through the Manuscripts and Rare Copies," (3) "Mapping the Buddhist Scholasticism during the Edo Period," and (4) "Re-examining the Philosophical Debate between Bhāviveka and Dharmapāla in the Sino-Indic Buddhist Context." His recent research focuses on epistemology in Chinese Buddhism and application of syllogism in Buddhist hermeneutics. He is the author of three books: Emptiness and Method: Explorations in Cross-Cultural Buddhist Philosophy (Taipei: The NCCU Press, 2012), Emptiness and Modernity: From the Kyoto School, Modern Neo-Confucianism to Multivocal Hermeneutics (Taipei: New Century Publication, 1999), A Passage of Dialectics (Taipei: New Century Publication, 2002), and several articles in Journal of Chinese Philosophy, Journal of Indian Philosophy, Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy and Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies. His recent edited volumes include (1) A Distant Mirror: Articulating Indic Ideas in Sixth and Seventh Century Chinese Buddhism, co-edited with Michael Radich (Hamburg: University of Hamburg Press, 2014), (2) A Collection of the Rare Manuscripts of the Commentaries on Dignāga’s Ālamabanaparīkṣā in Early Modern East Asia, co-edited with Kaiting Jien (Kaohsiung: Fo Guang Publishing Co., 2018). (Source Accessed July 23, 2020) | |
| Cheng Chien Bhikshu (Mario Poceski) | Mario Poceski received both his MA (1995, Chinese Language and Culture) and PhD (2000, Buddhist Studies) at UCLA. His main research areas include Chinese Buddhist history, literature, and philosophy, with a focus on the Tang period (618–907). He also has research and teaching interests in medieval Chinese history, Chan/Zen Buddhism, Korean and Japanese Buddhism, monastic culture and institutions, religious pluralism, and globalization of Buddhism. He has published extensively, including four books: Introducing Chinese Religions (2009), Ordinary Mind as the Way: The Hongzhou School and the Growth of Chan Buddhism (2007), Manifestation of the Tathāgata: Buddhahood According to the Avatamsaka Sūtra (1993), and Sun-Face Buddha: The Teachings of Ma-tsu and the Hung-chou School of Ch'an (1993, 2000) (the latter two of which are published under the name, Cheng Chien Bhikshu). Dr. Poceski is currently Associate Professor in the Religion Department of University of Florida. (Source Accessed Nov 23, 2020) | |
| Cheng, F. | ||
| Cheng, M. | ||
| Chenga Lodrö Gyaltsen | ||
| Cherickanampuram Devasia Sebastian | C. D. Sebastian (PhD, Banaras Hindu University) is Professor of Indian Philosophy in the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay, Mumbai, India. He is an established Indian Buddhist scholar and has expertise in philosophy, theology and religious studies. Among his works are Metaphysics and Mysticism in Mahayana Buddhism (2005, Bibliotheca Indo-Buddhica Series – 238) and Recent Researches in Buddhist Studies (2008, Bibliotheca Indo-Buddhica Series – 248). (Source Accessed May 21, 2020) | |
| Chetsun Senge Wangchuk | ||
| Cheung, K. | ||
| Cheung, M. | ||
| Chhetri, R. | ||
| Chi-chiang Huang | Chi-chiang Huang, professor of Chinese studies at Hobart and William Smith Colleges, is one of the preeminent specialists on Buddhism during the Sung Dynasty. His publications include Studies in Northern Sung Buddhism (in Chinese) as well as numerous articles in English on Sung society and Buddhism. (Source: Robert E. Buswell Jr., "About the Contributors", in Currents and Countercurrents: Korean Influences on the East Asian Buddhist Traditions, University of Hawai'i Press, 2005, 277) | |
| Chia, L. | ||
| Chiang, C. | ||
| Chien, Y. | ||
| Chien-hsing Ho | Chien-hsing Ho 何建興 is an Associate Professor in the Graduate Institute of Religious Studies at Nanhua University, Taiwan. He received his doctorate in philosophy from the University of Delhi, India in 1999. He specializes in Indian and Chinese Madhyamaka, Buddhist epistemology, and the Buddhist philosophy of language, with additional research interests in Chan Buddhism, Daoist philosophy, Indian philosophy, and comparative philosophy. He has published articles in such international refereed journals as Philosophy East and West; Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy; Asian Philosophy; the Journal of Chinese Philosophy; and the Journal of Indian Philosophy. He is currently planning a book in English on Chinese Madhyamaka. (Source: A Distant Mirror, about the authors, 530) | |
| Chigaku Satō | Chigaku Satō is a Researcher at Kyushu University. | |
| Chih-Mien Adrian Tseng | Chih-Mien Adrian Tseng is Assistant Professor of Buddhist Studies at Fo Guang University in Taiwan. She received her PhD from McMaster University in Ontario Canada. Her area of research includes Chinese Buddhist thought of medieval China and the concept of buddha-nature in Chinese Buddhism. (Source Accessed Aug 7, 2020) | |
| Chikao Tsuchida | Chikao Tsuchida was a notable Buddhist scholar who made significant contributions to the field of Buddhist studies. He is particularly recognized for his work on important Buddhist texts. Tsuchida collaborated with Unrai Wogihara on editing and publishing critical editions of Buddhist scriptures. One of their most notable works was an edition of the Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sūtram, an important Mahayana Buddhist text also known as the Lotus Sutra. This publication, which took place in Tokyo, has been cited and referenced by other scholars in the field of Buddhist studies. | |
| Chikō Ishida | ||
| Childs, G. | ||
| Chilton, L. | ||
| Chim Namkha Drakpa | Chim Namkha Drak (mchims nam mkha' grags) was born in Mondoi Kau (smon 'gro'i kha'u) in Upper Nyang (myang stod), in U, in 1210, the iron-horse year of the fourteenth sexagenary cycle. He was of the Chim (mchims) clan. His parents were named Dargon (dar mgon) and Lhemen (lhas sman); his father's family claimed descent from Chim Dorje Drelching (mchims rdor rje sprel chung), a minister to the Tibetan king, Tri Songdeutsen (khri srong lde'u btsan, 742-797).
He took novice vows and later full monastic ordinations by a lama named Pelden Dromoche (dpal ldan gro mo che), who was possibly the same person as the fourth abbot of Nartang Monastery (snar thang dgon), Droton Dutsi Drakpa (gro ston bdud rtsi grags pa, 1153-1232), one of his main teachers. He studied the texts of the Kadam tradition with several masters, including the fifth abbot of Nartang, Zhangton Chokyi Lama (zhang ston chos kyi bla ma, 1184-1241); the sixth abbot of Nartang, Sanggye Gompa Sengge Kyab (sangs rgyas sgom pa seng ge skyabs, 1179-1250); Chim Loten Nyamme (mchims blo brtan mnyam med, d.u.); Geshe Tashi Gangpa (dge bshes bkra shis sgang pa, d.u.); Drubtob Maṇi Hūṃbar (grub thob ma Ni hUM 'bar, d.u.). Tashi Gangpa transmitted the Avalokiteśvara teachings passed from Jangsem Dawa Gyeltsen (byang sems zla ba rgyal mtshan, d.u). (Source: Treasury of Lives) | |
| Chinchore, M. | ||
| Ching Keng | Ching Keng 耿晴 is Assistant Professor at the Department of Philosophy, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan. His field of research is Yogâcāra and Tathāgatagarbha thought in India and China during the medieval period. He has been part of various research projects studying Dharmapāla’s Commentary on the Viṃśikā of Vasubandhu and Dharmapāla’s Commentary on the Ālambanaparīkṣā of Dignāga, Wŏnch’uk’s Commentary on the Saṃdhinirmocana-sūtra, and the development of the Three-Nature theory (trisvabhāva-nirdeśa) in Yogâcāra. Among his publications are: his PhD dissertation, entitled “Yogâcāra Buddhism Transmitted or Transformed? Paramârtha (499-569 CE) and His Chinese Disciples” (2009); and journal articles such as "A Fundamental Difficulty Embedded in the Soteriology of Tathāgatagarbha Thought? – An Investigation Focusing on the Ratnagotravibhāga (2013), and "The Dharma-body as the Disclosure of Thusness: On the Characterization of the Dharma-body in the Nengduan jin’gang banruo boluomi jing shi." (2014) (both written in Chinese). (Source: A Distant Mirror, 530–31) | |
| Chinn, E. | ||
| Chireau, Y. | ||
| Chisa Lodrö Gyatso | A renowned scholar born in Chisa in the Amdo Rebgong region. A student of Dzong Ngon Lodoe Tshang, Tsang Geshe Tshang, Zhwamar Pandita, Jampa Lobsang, Dzoge Lobsang Gyatsho, Horchen Yeshe Gyatsho, etc. He was an important holder of Tsongkhapa's transmission of the Whisper Lineage (snyan rgyud). His primary students were Tulku Jamyang Thinle Wangpo, Dzongkar Jigme Sherab Dagpa, Tulku Jigme Thinle Lhundup, Nangso Kukey, and Khaso Chogtrul. | |
| Chiu, A. | ||
| Chiwah Chan | Chiwah Chan completed his PhD in Buddhist Studies in 1993 with a dissertation on "The Formation of Orthodoxy in Sung Dynasty Buddhism: Chih-li and the T'ien-t'ai School." He has published widely on the Chinese Tiantai tradition. He has served as Librarian for the Chinese Collection at Yale University and as Adjunct Lecturer in Yale's Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures. Prior to that, he spent four years as a cataloger with the international cooperative Chinese Rare Books Project, based in the East Asian Library at Princeton University. He is now the Chinese Librarian at the University of Pennsylvania, where he selects scholarly resources to support the University's Chinese Studies program, organizes and supervises the technical processing of these materials, and provides specialized China-related reference and instructional services for faculty and students. (Source Accessed Sept 10, 2020) | |
| Cho, S. | ||
| Cho, Y. | ||
| Chodo Cross | Mike Chodo Cross was born in Birmingham in 1959, and graduated from Sheffield University. With Gudo Nishijima, he is the co-translator into English of Master Dogen’s Shobogenzo in four volumes. He now divides his time between England and France. Together with his wife Chie, who is also an Alexander Technique teacher and Zen practitioner, he runs the Middle Way Re-education Centre in Aylesbury, England. At a small country retreat on the edge of La Foret Des Andaines in northern France, he indulges selfishly in sitting-Zen, amid sounds of a valley stream and abundant singing of birds. (Source Accessed July 13, 2023) | |
| Chodrak Zangpo | ||
| Chodron, Khandro Thrinley | Khandro Thrinlay Chodon was born in Lahoul, which is known in the dharma texts as the 'Land of the Dakinis'. She was born into a family of great Tibetan yogis who were renowned for their extensive and pure practice. She has therefore been trained since childhood in the practices of Vajrayana Buddhism, and grew up in an environment where spirituality was an integral part of everyday life.
Due to a generous sponsorship from an Australian man named Laurie Seaman, and also to the visionary encouragement of her parents, Khandro-la was able to attend a catholic boarding school in Kullu. The school was only two hours from her family home so she could keep regular contact with her family and ancient culture. At the school she learnt English and received the beginnings of her excellent western academic education. Khandro-la went on to earn her B.A. in Psychology from Punjab University in Chandigarh, India, in 1986 and then in 1998, she graduated with an M.A. in East-West Psychology from the California Institute of Integral Studies, San Francisco, USA (Source) | |
| Chodrung-ma Kunga Chodron | Reverend Dr. Chodrung-ma Kunga Chodron (also known as Lois Peak), teaches courses meditation at Vassar College. She served for five years as an Assistant Research Professor at The George Washington University, where she taught courses in Buddhism, Buddhist Philosophy, and Tibetan Buddhism in the Department of Religion. Professor Kunga Chodron has been the recipient of numerous grants and fellowships, including several recent grants for translation of Buddhist sutras from the Khyentse Foundation, as well as fellowships and grants from the Association of Asian Studies, Spencer Foundation, and Social Science Research Council. She has authored several books and many articles on Buddhism and education in Asia. Kunga Chodron speaks and reads the Tibetan language, and together with Khenpo Kalsang Gyaltsen has co-translated eight book-length works on Buddhist philosophy and ritual as well as over a hundred shorter works. She is a core member of the working committee of the Buddhist Literary Heritage Project, which is undertaking the translation of the Tibetan Buddhist Canon, known as the Tripitaka, into English. Kunga Chodron received a doctorate in Comparative Human Development and a master’s degree in Human Development from Harvard Graduate School of Education. At Harvard, she also served for two years as an editor of the Harvard Educational Review. She worked for the U.S. government for over 15 years, serving in senior research and policy positions in the U.S. Department of Education. Kunga Chodron has been a Buddhist nun for over twenty years. She has received many teachings from eminent Sakya lineage holders, including His Holiness the Sakya Trizin, His Eminence Luding Khen Chen Rinpoche, and the Very Venerable Dezhung Rinpoche. Her primary teacher is Venerable Khenpo Kalsang Gyaltsen. In 2001, Kunga Chodron assisted in the founding of and has since continuously served as Secretary/Treasurer of Tsechen Kunchab Ling Temple, which is the Seat of His Holiness Sakya Trizin in the United States. In 1986, she also assisted in the founding and has since served as President of Sakya Phuntsok Ling Center for Tibetan Buddhist Studies and Meditation in Silver Spring Maryland. His Holiness Sakya Trizin appointed Kunga Chodron as a member of the Committee of Western Bhiksunis in 2009. In 2011, he bestowed upon her the title of Chodrung-ma (Senior Nun). (Source Accessed Apr 2, 2021) | |
| Choekyi, T. | TSERING CHOEKYI completed postgraduate studies in International Relations at the
National Chengchi University, Taipei, where her research focused on the role of International NGOs and HR in China. She currently works as an intern at Global Peace Initiative of Women in New York. | |
| Choephel, Kyorpon Pema | ||
| Chogye Trichen Rinpoche | A modern Tibetan biography is available on BDRC W1KG17214 : bco brgyad khri chen rin po che'i mdzad rnam mdor bsdus. Edited by Yon tan bzang po (P5949). Kathmandu, Nepal: Sachen International, 2008.
His Eminence Chogye Trichen Rinpoche, Ngawang Khyenrab Thupten Lekshe Gyatso, is the most senior Sakya Lama and the head of the Tsar sub-school of Sakya tradition. His Eminence is a renowned tantric master, a dedicated practitioner, an outstanding scholar, an eloquent poet, and embodies the wisdom, spirit and activities of the holy Dharma. His Eminence is a master of masters as most Tibetan Buddhist lineage holders are his disciples. Amongst these disciples are His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, and His Holiness the 41st Sakya Trizin, Ngawang Kunga, and His Eminence is regarded as the definitive authority on Kalacakra Tantra. In addition to His Eminence's stature among Tibetan lamas, the late King Birendra of Nepal awarded His Eminence "Gorkha Dakshin Babu", a tribute which has never been awarded to a Buddhist monk in Nepal before. Born in 1919 in the Tsang province of Central Tibet into the Zhalu Kushang family of the Che clan, a lineage descended from the clear light gods, he was recognized as the reincarnation of the previous Chogye Rinpoche of Nalendra Monastery by the 13th Dalai Lama, Thupten Gyatso. Many auspicious and marveleous signs accompanied His Eminence's birth. His Eminence is the 26th patriarch of Phenpo Nalendra Monastery, North of Lhasa. Founded by Rongton Sheja Kunrig (1367-1449), Nalendra is one of the most important Sakya monasteries in Tibet. Wondrously, each generation of the Kushang family has produced no less than four sons, most of who have served as throne holders of many important monasteries including Nalendra, Zhalu and Ngor. The name "Kushang" meaning 'royal maternal uncle' derived from the fact that many daughters from the family were married to numerous Sakya throne holders, one of whom, Drogon Chagna, was supreme ruler of Tibet, who succeeded Chogyal Phakpa. The name "Chogye" means 'Eighteen' and comes from the time of Khyenrab Choje, the 8th abbot of Nalendra who also belonged to the aristocratic Kushang family. Khyenrab Choje, a great teacher possessing the direct lineage of Kalacakra received from Vajrayogini, was invited to be the abbot of Nalendra by Sakya Trizin Dagchen Lodro Gyaltsen (1444-1495). Khyenrab Choje visited the Emperor of China who was greatly impressed by the tantric scholar from Tibet and bestowed on him 'eighteen' precious gifts. From Khyenrab Choje the lineage of Chogye Rinpoches began. At the age of twelve His Eminence was officially enthroned at the Phenpo Nalendra Monastery. In these early years he studied intensively all the basic liturgies and rituals of Nalendra Monastery. His two main root Gurus were the 4th Zimwog Tulku, Ngawang Tenzin Thrinley Norbu Palzangpo, the other main incarnate lama of Nalendra Monastery, and Dampa Rinpoche Shenphen Nyingpo of Ngor Ewam. From these two great teachers His Eminence recieved all the major and minor teachings of Sakya such as the two Lamdre Traditions, the Greater and Lesser Mahakalas, the Four Tantras, the Thirteen Golden Dharmas, Kalacakra, etc. His Eminence completed extensive studies in all major fields of study taught in Lord Buddha's teachings. His Eminence becomes a master in both Sutrayana and Mantrayana teachings. His Eminence is also a great scholar of literature, poetry, history and Buddhist metaphysics and a highly accomplished poet. (Source Accessed June 16, 2020) | |
| Chogye Trichen, 1st | ||
| Chogyur Lingpa | ||
| Chojnacki, C. | ||
| Chokden Gönpo | ||
| Chokdrup, Karma | ||
| Chokle Namgyal | ||
| Chokro Lui Gyaltsen | Translator sometimes included among the 25 disciples of Guru Rinpoche, but not in the Terton Gyatsa. He was said to have accompanied ska ba dpal brtsegs and rma rin chen mchog to India in order to invite Vimalamitra. | |
| Chokyi Ozer | ||
| Chomden Rikpai Raldri | ||
| Chone Drakpa Shedrup | Chone Drakpa Shedrub was a Geluk scholar and yogi famous for his knowledge of sutra and tantra, who stood out even among the most learned scholars of his time. Educated at Sera and based at Chone, where he did most of his teaching, he authored many commentaries on sutra and tantra, which are collected in eleven volumes. | |
| Chong, H. | ||
| Chong-Yoon, J. | ||
| Chongye Drakpa Wangpo | ||
| Chopel, Norbu | ||
| Chos dbyings bde chen mtsho mo | For more on this incarnation lineage see BDRC bsam sdings rdo rje phag mo sprul sku skye brgyud and Treasury of Lives Dorje Pakmo | |
| Chos kyi grags pa, dge bshes | ||
| Chos nyid tshul khrims | Translator of the Vimalakīrtinirdeśasūtra and the Ratnameghasūtra. | |
| Chos rje ngag dbang dpal ldan | ||
| Chotatsu Ikeda | ||
| Chou, W. | ||
| Chow Su-Chia | Prof. Chow Su-Chia is a scholar and translator, particularly known for his work in translating Buddhist texts. He is mentioned in the context of translating the Sutra of the Master of Healing into English. | |
| Chowdhury, C. | ||
| Choy, E. | ||
| Choy, H. | ||
| Chris Kang | Chris Kang is Professor in Religion and Contemplative Studies – an independent scholar with special interest in Christian theology and Asian philosophies. He is founder of Awarezen, a digital meditation centre and academy providing online courses on meditation and spirituality for human flourishing and transcendence beyond religious boundaries. He received his PhD in Studies in Religion from The University of Queensland (Australia) in 2003. For nearly two decades, Chris has lectured in Australia at The University of Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland University of Technology, Nan Tien Institute, Queensland Health, and various Buddhist centres. Chris has over 15 years of clinical occupational therapy practice in Australia and Singapore. As a Singapore Government Public Service Commission scholar, he was awarded a Bachelor of Occupational Therapy with First Class Honours from The University of Queensland in 1993. He received a Postgraduate Certificate in International Relations with Dean's Commendation in 2009, also from The University of Queensland. In 2008, he was invited by Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd and Professor Glyn Davis as one of 1,000 delegates to the Australia 2020 Summit at Parliament House, Canberra. Professionally, he is certified in Neurosemantics (2003) and Meta-Coaching (2004) from the International Society of Neurosemantics (USA) and Meta-Coach Foundation (USA). From 2016 to 2018, he was Assistant Professor in Health and Social Sciences (Occupational Therapy) at the Singapore Institute of Technology. Chris directs his academic research and teaching at Asian Centre for Creative Theology. His current research program focuses on Christian theology and Reformed epistemology in comparisons with Buddhist, Confucianist, Daoist, Hindu, and Tantric philosophies from an Asia-centric perspective pivoting on China and India. He also has scholarly interests in Arabic and Continental philosophy. He has over 200 publications and presentations including seven books in Asian and Biblical contemplative wisdoms. His books include One in Christ (2019), The Tantra of Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar: Critical Comparisons and Dialogical Perspectives (2017), Resting in Christ (2015), Growing in Christ (2015), Reclaiming Dhamma: Teachings on Critical Buddhism (2014), Dhamma Stream: A Garland of Writings on Dhamma, Self, and Society (2013), Wise Mind Warm Heart (2010), and The Meditative Way: Readings in the Theory and Practice of Buddhist Meditation (1997; co-edited with Rod Bucknell). His academic articles have appeared in Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy; Australian Occupational Therapy Journal; Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy; Contemplativa: Journal of Contemplative Studies; Journal of Buddhist Ethics; Mindfulness; Philosophy East and West; and Journal of Reformed Theology. He is general editor of an open access, open peer review journal Contemplativa: Journal of Contemplative Studies. | |
| Chris Mortensen | Chris Mortensen is emeritus professor of philosophy at the University of Adelaide and a fellow of the Academy of Humanities of Australia. His research interests are in logic, metaphysics, philosophy of science, and Buddhism. His publications include Inconsistent Mathematics (1995) and articles in the Journal of Symbolic Logic, the Journal of Philosophical Logic, Synthese, Erkenntnis, the Australasian Journal of Philosophy, Philosophy East and West, and other journals. (Source: Pointing at the Moon: Buddhism, Logic, Analytic Philosophy) | |
| Chris Tomlinson | Chris Tomlinson is the senior software developer at BDRC. An innovative programmer, hacker, and researcher from Sun Microsystems who had discovered Buddhism, she relied on TBRC to access Tibetan Buddhist texts online. One day when the site went down, she called the office and Gene Smith picked up. Chris would spend the next two decades as a key technologist for BDRC, helping to share the Dharma globally and transforming the way people access Buddhist literature. (Source Accessed June 28, 2023) | |
| Christ, C. | ||
| Christel Matthias Schröder | Christel Matthias Schröder (born January 16 , 1915 in Elsfleth ; † March 14 , 1996 in Bremen ) was a German Protestant pastor and religious scholar.
Schröder was the son of a senior government councilor. He studied Protestant theology at the University of Tübingen and at the University of Marburg. He received his doctorate phil. in Marburg. He then worked as a pastor in Jever. The British occupying forces appointed Schröder as the first post-war mayor of Jever (term of office: May 8 , 1945 to July 31, 1945). In 1951 he was initially appointed to the second pastorate at the St. Ansgarii parish in Bremen-Schwachhausen. He also gave his sermons in Low German. He was not only a respected pastor, but also very valued as a mediator of literature and art. Since 1961 he has published the handbook series The Religions of Humanity. In 1972, on the occasion of the anniversary of the Reformation, he gave a lecture about the reformer Heinrich von Zütphen, who gave the first Reformation sermon in Bremen in the St. Ansgarii Church in 1522. After his retirement, Christel Matthias Schröder worked for German Press Research at the University of Bremen. (Source Accessed Dec 7, 2023) | |
| Christian Bernert | Christian Bernert (MA) comes from Austria where he studied Tibetology at the University of Vienna until 2009. He embarked on the Buddhist path in 1999 under the guidance of Khenchen Amipa Rinpoche. Since 2001 he has been studying at IBA, where he currently works as language program coordinator and translator. Christian is a founding member of the Chödung Karmo Translation Group. (Source Accessed Jul 20, 2020) His dissertation was published as a book-length translation: Perfect or Perfected? Rongtön on Buddha-Nature: A Commentary on the Fourth Chapter of the Ratnagotravibhāga (v v.1.27-95[a]). Kathmandu: Vajra Books, 2018. | |
| Christian Bruyat | Degree in English, teacher of French, professional translator; completed two three-year retreats at Chanteloube, France, 1980–1985 and 1990–1993; founding member of Padmakara Translation Group. Tsadra Foundation Fellow since 2002.
Declaring himself “methodical and particular” to the point of excess, Christian Bruyat is pleased that working with Tsadra allows him the extra time to try and do accurate translations. Coupled with this drive he has an “uncanny ability” to find translation errors “even when I read the works of others who are much more worthy than me, and are big scholars.” He does not mean to be arrogant or irritating, and attributes his knack to “some kind of karma with Tibetan …” Since at age five he informed his parents that he intended to marry a Japanese lady when he grew up—he married a Chinese woman instead—one might well agree that some sort of past-life Asian connection seems to be at play in Christian’s life. He has had the fortunate destiny to spend five years with Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche in Nepal and Bhutan. Appropriately enough, Dzogchen teachings are Christian’s favorite and most inspiring scriptural material, especially the works of Longchenpa, Patrul Rinpoche, and Mipham Rinpoche. Previously Published Translations Completed Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow | |
| Christian Charrier | Christian Charrier holds a Masters degree in English and a diploma in psycholinguistics. He was a translator for Geshe Tengye in France, and he completed a three-year retreat under Lama Gendun Rinpoche in le Bost, France. He has been a translation consultant for Tsadra Foundation from 2002–2003 and has been a Tsadra Foundation Fellow since 2004.
Completed Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow:
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| Christian Coseru | Christian Coseru is an associate professor of philosophy in the Department of Philosophy at the College of Charleston. He works in the fields of philosophy of mind, Phenomenology, and cross-cultural philosophy, especially Indian and Buddhist philosophy in dialogue with Western philosophy and cognitive science. He has recently published a book, Perceiving Reality: Consciousness, Intentionality, and Cognition in Buddhist Philosophy (OUP, 2012) that develops a view of Buddhist epistemology, in the tradition of Dignaga and Dharmakirti, as continuous with the phenomenological methods and insights of Husserl and Merleau-Ponty, as well as with naturalistic approaches to epistemology and philosophy of mind. In 2012 he co-directed (with Jay Garfield and Evan Thompson) an NEH Summer Institute exploring the convergence of analytic, phenomenological, and Buddhist perspectives in the investigation of consciousness. He is currently completing a book manuscript on the intersections between perceptual and affective consciousness, tentatively entitled Sense, Self-Awareness, and Subjectivity. Before joining the Philosophy Department at the College of Charleston, he taught in the Centre for Asian Societies and Histories at the Australian National University. He received his Ph.D. from the Australian National University in 2005; He also holds a B.A. and M.A. in philosophy from the University of Bucharest. While at ANU, he also worked on a proof of concept model for parsing Sanskrit based on the Interlingua System (the project was funded by an ARC grant). He has and continues to travel extensively for research. He spent four and a half years in India in the mid 1990s pursuing studies in Sanskrit and Indian Philosophy. While in India, he was affiliated with several research institutes, including the Asiatic Society in Calcutta (1995-1996), the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute and De Nobili College in Pune (1993), and the Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies, Sarnath, Varanasi (1995-1997). He was a visiting scholar at Queens' College, Cambridge University in 2000, and at the Institut de Civilisation Indienne, Paris in 2001. (Adapted from Source Nov 25,, 2024) | |
| Christian Lindtner | Christian Lindtner is Danish citizen, born in 1949. He received his PhD in Buddhist Studies in 1982 from the University of Copenhagen. He has published numerous books of translations from Oriental languages and edited many texts – mainly philosophical – for the first time from original manuscripts in Sanskrit and Tibetan (discovered in libraries in Tibet, Mongolia, and India). He has been a contributor to many learned journals (history of religions, philosophy, history, philology). He has taught and lectured at many universities in Europe, USA, and Asia. (Adapted from Source Feb 26, 2021) | |
| Christian Luczanits | ||
| Christian Stewart | ||
| Christie, A. | ||
| Christina Monson | ||
| Christine Guth Kanda | ||
| Christine Mollier | A specialist on medieval Daoism, Christine Mollier is the author of numerous works in that field including the award-winning book, Une apocalypse taoïste du Ve siècle, Le Livre des incantations divines des grottes abyssales (Collège de France, 1990). She has collaborated in The Taoist Canon project (Univ. of Chicago Press, 2004), and The Encyclopedia of Taoism (Routledge, 2008).
As a member, since 1990, of the French research team on Dunhuang studies, she is co-author of the fifth volume of the Catalogue des manuscrits chinois du fonds Pelliot de Dunhuang (1995) and participated in several other major Dunhuang projects. More recently she has focused her research on the domain of Buddho-Daoist interactions, dealing not only with texts but also with iconography. Her major works in this field are Buddhism and Taoism Face to Face: Scripture, Ritual, and Iconographic Exchange in Medieval China (Univ. of Hawaii Press, 2008, awarded the Stanislas Julien Prize of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-lettres, 2008), and “Iconizing the Daoist-Buddhist Relationship: Cliff Sculptures in Sichuan during the Reign of Emperor Tang Xuanzong", (Daoism: Religion, History and Society 2010-2 Chinese University of Hong Kong). She is currently working on a book project on apotropaic talismans, investigating Eastern Han archeological finds and Dunhuang and Central Asian documents. (Source Accessed June 20, 2023) | |
| Christoph Cüppers | Christoph Cüppers studied Indology and Tibetology at the University of Hamburg following seven years at the University of Düsseldorfer Kunstakademie. From 1983 to 1988, he served as Deputy Director and Director at the Nepal-German Manuscript Preservation Project. Since 1995, he is Director of the Lumbini International Research Institute. In his research, he focuses on the history of 17th century Tibet, Tibetan law and the state administration, as well as on cultural exchanges between Tibetan and Nepal. (Source: Handbook of Tibetan Iconometry) | |
| Christopher Beckwith | Beckwith has taught at IU for 45 years, in which time he has developed 48 distinct courses. He is one of the most prolific and versatile researchers in the field of Central Eurasian studies. Beckwith is renowned for revolutionary scholarship that reshapes understanding of how, why and when the Central Eurasian steppe peoples from Eastern Europe to East Asia influenced the development of knowledge, religious beliefs and societies, not only within their homeland but in the neighboring peripheral cultures of Europe, the Middle East, South Asia, and East Asia as well. His research focuses on the history of ancient and medieval Central Eurasia and the cultures of the peripheral peoples, as well as the linguistics of Aramaic, Chinese, Japanese, Koguryo, Old Tibetan, Scythian, Turkic, and other languages. He has been named a MacArthur Fellow, a Guggenheim Fellow, a Fulbright-Hays Fellow, and a Japan Foundation fellow and has had numerous visiting appointments around the United States and the world. He has authored 12 books and over 60 articles. (Source Accessed Feb 24, 2023) | |
| Christopher Bell | Christopher Bell, PhD, is an associate professor of religious studies at Stetson University. He received his bachelor of arts degree in creative writing and religions and his master of arts degree in religious studies from Florida State University. He received his doctoral degree from the University of Virginia, where his area of concentration has been in Tibetan and Buddhist studies. He has experience as a teaching assistant and as an instructor at both Florida State University and at the University of Virginia, as well as experience for one year as a teaching associate at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in Hong Kong. During his graduate program he was awarded a Fulbright Institute of International Education Graduate Fellowship for International Study and completed extensive multi-country field research in the Chinese cities of Xining, Chengdu, and Lhasa, Tibet, as well as in Dharamsala, India. He is a member of the Phi Beta Kappa honor society. (Source Accessed Oct. 31, 2023) | |
| Christopher J. Fynn | ===Active Projects===
Some Previous Projects
Other Links
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| Christopher Kelley | Christopher “Doc” Kelley received a PhD in Religion from Columbia University where he studied Indo-Tibetan Buddhism with Robert A. F. Thurman. He is a scholar of Buddhism and an adjunct professor in religious studies at Eugene Lang College of Liberal Arts, The New School University. He is also the co-founder of Consciousness Hacking NYC, and a founder and co-facilitator of Psychedelic Sangha. (Source Accessed May 13, 2021) | |
| Christopher Stagg | Christopher Stagg (1977–2018) trained under the guidance of Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche and was a beloved translator and Buddhist teacher for Nalandabodhi International. He previously translated The Hundred Thousand Songs of Milarepa. (Source Accessed Jan 29, 2025) | |
| Christopher V. Jones | Chris Jones completed doctoral research at the University of Oxford (St Peter’s College) in 2015, with a thesis that explored the language of selfhood (ātman) in relation to teachings about buddha-nature in Indian Buddhist literature. The thesis was awarded the Khyentse Foundation Award for outstanding doctoral research produced in Europe, and was the foundation for his first monograph – The Buddhist Self: On Tathāgatagarbha and Ātman. Jones spent three further years researching and teaching at Oxford as a Postdoctoral Fellow of the British Academy, and is now on a UK Arts and Humanities Research Project connected to the University of Cambridge, associated also with the University of Edinburgh. His continuing research concerns predominantly Mahāyāna Buddhist thought as preserved across Sanskrit, Chinese and Tibetan literature, as well as the boundaries and interactions between Buddhism and other religious traditions in India and elsewhere. (Personal Communication, September 2021]) | |
| Chryssoula Zerbini | ||
| Chu, D. | ||
| Chu, W. | ||
| Chu-ch'u-ching-sheng | ||
| Chuang, Y. | ||
| Chung Tai Translation Committee | The Chung Tai Translation Committee comprises of Dharma Masters and lay disciples and convenes regularly. To view or download other sutra translations by CTTC, visit “Dharma Gems” on http://sunnyvale.ctzen.org. See also the publisher, the Chung Tai Shan Buddhist Foundation. | |
| Chung, A. | ||
| Chunyang, A. | ||
| Chusol Tokden | ||
| Ché khyi druk | ||
| Chödar, Yeshe | ||
| Chöden Rinpoche | ||
| Chödzin, S. | ||
| Chödzu Khen | Wrote an interlinear commentary on the Bodhicaryāvatāra titled Byang chub sems dpa'i spyod pa la 'jug pa'i rnam par bshad pa dam pa'i zhal lung rmongs pa'i mun sel. His commentary on chapter 9 has a separate title called Shes rab le'u'i brjed byang dam pa'i zhal lung rmongs pa'i mun sel. | |
| Chögyal Dorje | ||
| Chögyal Phakpa | ||
| Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche | Chogyam Trungpa (1940–1987)—meditation master, teacher, and artist—founded Naropa University in Boulder, Colorado, the first Buddhist-inspired university in North America; the Shambhala Training program; and an international association of meditation centers known as Shambhala International. He is the author of numerous books, including Shambhala: The Sacred Path of the Warrior, Cutting Through Spiritual Materialism, and The Myth of Freedom. (Source Accessed March 20, 2019) See also the Shambhala biography online. | |
| Chögyel, T. | TBRC | |
| Chöje Drakpa Gyamtso | ||
| Chöje Lingpa | Chöje Lingpa, also known as Rokje Lingpa as well as several other names, was initially recognized as the rebirth of a Kagyu master by the Seventh Shamarpa and installed at Rechung Phuk, an institution named after Milarepa's disciple Rechungpa and the site where Tsangnyön Heruka wrote his famous biography of Milarepa. Though Chöje Lingpa he would become an important teacher to several important Kagyu hierarchs including the Karmapa and Shamarpa, he we also involved with several Nyingma masters, including the tertön Taksham Nuden Dorje who granted him prophecies and made him the steward of his treasures. He would become a prolific tertön in his own right and came to be considered the penultimate emanation of Gyalse Lhaje, prior to his rebirth as Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. | |
| Chökyi Gocha | It is as of yet unclear who this figure is and there are several possibilities on BDRC, such as rdzong sngon blo gros chos kyi go cha (P7921). His termas have also been published here with authorship attributed to rdzong sngon pad+ma thugs mchog rdo rje (P7959) | |
| Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche | Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche is a world-renowned teacher and meditation master in the Kagyu and Nyingma traditions of Tibetan Buddhism. He was born in Tibet in 1951 as the oldest son of his mother Kunsang Dechen, a devoted Buddhist practitioner, and his father Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche, an accomplished master of Buddhist meditation. As a young child, Chokyi Nyima—"Sun of the Dharma"—was recognized as the 7th incarnation of the Tibetan meditation master Gar Drubchen.
In 1959, following the Chinese occupation of Tibet, Rinpoche's family fled to India where Rinpoche spent his youth studying under some of Tibetan Buddhism’s most illustrious masters, such as His Holiness the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa, Kyabje Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, His Holiness Dudjom Rinpoche, Khunu Lama Tenzin Gyaltsen, and his father, Kyabje Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche. In 1974, Rinpoche left India to join his parents in Kathmandu, Nepal, where he assisted them in establishing Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling Monastery. Upon its completion in 1976, H.H. the Karmapa enthroned Chokyi Nyima Rinpoche as the monastery's abbot. To this day, Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling remains the heart of Rinpoche’s ever-growing mandala of activity. (Source: Shedrub.org) | |
| Chökyi Özer (Nom-un gerel) | Chos kyi 'od zer (Nom-un gerel, Choiji Odser, or Čosgi Odsir) was a Uighur scholar of the Sakya order who translated the Bodhicaryāvatāra into Mongolian in 1305 (other sources say 1312, see Baumann, 2008) and wrote a commentary on the text, of which only a fragment remains. According to Liland's MA thesis (2009), he flourished between 1305–1321. According to Alexander Berzin, "The first Buddhist text translated from Tibetan into Mongolian was Shantideva's Engaging in Bodhisattva Behavior (Byang-chub sems-dpa’i spyod-pa-la ‘jug-pa, Skt. Bodhisattvacaryavatara). It was prepared by the Uighur translator Chokyi Ozer (Chos-kyi ‘od-zer), during the reign of the Mongol Yuan Emperor Khaisan Külüg (Chin. Wuzong, Wu-tsung, 1308–1311). (See Berzin). Vesna Wallace also notes that he was this first to translate the Four Medical Tantras from Tibetan to Mongolian. His student was Shes rab seng ge. | |
| Chökyong Palden | ||
| Chölön Nyima | One of Trisong Deutsen's ministers. | |
| Chöpal Zangpo | ||
| Chöying Tobden Dorje | ||
| Chün-fang Yü | Chün-fang Yü has long been interested in how Buddhism developed in China, and how conditions in China shaped various changes in Buddhism. She has explored these questions in works that range from the historical transformation of Guanyin (Kuan-yin) from male to female, to the work of women in Buddhism today. She was born in China and educated in Taiwan, graduating from Tunghai University with a major in English Literature and minor in Chinese philosophy. She received a MA degree from Smith College in English Literature and a Ph.D. in Religion from Columbia University, specializing in Chinese Buddhism. She taught at Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey from 1972 to 2004 when she returned to Columbia. She is the Sheng Yen Professor Emerita in Chinese Buddhist Studies, and a faculty member in both Religion and EALAC.
Her research interests are quite broad. Her early works deal with the history of Chinese Buddhist thought and institutions.Later she focused on Buddhist rituals and practices. Her first book, "The Renewal of Buddhism in China: Chu-hung and the Late Ming Synthesis (1981), is one of the earliest studies in English on post-Tang Buddhism. Other articles dealing with Chinese Buddhism in the late imperial period include: “Chung-feng Ming-pen and Ch’an Buddhism in the Yuan” (1982), “Ch’an Education in the Sung: Ideals and Procedures” (1989), and the Cambridge History of China’s “Buddhism in the Ming Dynasty” (1998). She is also interested in the interaction between religion, including Buddhism, and Chinese society. With Susan Naquin, she co-edited "Pilgrims and Sacred Sites in China" (1992). She is the editor of “In Search of the Dharma: Memoirs of a Modern Chinese Buddhist Pilgrim” ( 1992) and "The Ultimate Realm: Doctrines of Tienti Teachings, A New Religion" (1994) Her book "Kuan-yin: The Chinese Transformation of Avalokiteśvara" (2001) traces the patterns of the evolution of the cult of Guanyin through the various medias of transmission and promotion of the cult. More recently she studied the prominent roles of Buddhist nuns in Taiwan which resulted in the publication of “Passing of the Light: The Incense Light Community and Buddhist Nuns in Contemporary Taiwan” (2013). Her current research interests reflect her continuing fascination with the transformation of Buddhism in China. She has begun a new project which is tentatively entitled “The Creation of a Buddhist Pantheon”; it studies the pairing of two bodhisattvas: Guanyin and Dizang, in iconography and temple architecture from the tenth century on. (Source Accessed June 2, 2023) | |
| Chǒngjung Musang | Chǒngjung Musang. (C. Jingzhong Wuxiang; J. Jōshu Musō (680-756, alt. 684-762). Korean-Chinese Chan master of the Tang dynasty; because he was of Korean heritage, he is usually called Musang in the literature, following the Korean pronunciation of his dharma name, or Master Kim (K. Kim hwasang; C. Jin heshang), using his Korean surname. Musang is said to have been the third son of a Silla king and was
ordained in Korea at the monastery of Kunnamsa. In 728, he arrived in the Chinese capital of Chang’an (present-day Xi’an) and had an audience with the Tang emperor Xuanzong (r. 712-756), who appointed him to the monastery of Chandingsi. Musang subsequently traveled to Chu (in present day Sichuan province) and became a disciple of the monk Chuji (alt. 648-734, 650-732, 669-736), who gave him dharma transmission at the monastery of Dechunsi in Zizhou (present day Sichuan province). He later resided at the monastery of Jingzhongsi in Chengdu (present-day Sichuan province; later known as Wanfosi), which gave him his toponym Chǒngjung (C. Jingzhong). Musang became famous for his ascetic practices and meditative prowess. Musang also began conferring a unique set of precepts known as the three propositions (sanju): “no recollection” (wuji), which was equated with morality (śīla); “no thought” (wunian) with concentration (samādhi); and “no forgetting” (mowang) with wisdom (prajñā). He also taught a practice known as yinsheng nianfo, a method of reciting the name of the Buddha by extending the length of the intonation. Musang’s prosperous lineage in Sichuan came to be known as the Jingzhong zong line of Chan. Musang seems to have taught or influenced several renowned Chan monks, including Heze Shenhui (668-760), Baotang Wuzhu (714-774), and Mazu Daoyi (707-786); he also played an important role in transmitting Chan to Tibet in the 750s and 760s. (Source: "Chǒngjung Musang." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 187. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) | |
| Cicuzza, C. | ||
| Cindy Shelton | In addition to her role with [The Contemplative Resource Center] (CRC), Cindy is a board member of the nonprofit charity Causa.international, and serves in the office of Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche as chief of staff. For 10 years, she worked as managing editor for Bodhi Magazine, a publication of Nalandabodhi, a nonprofit Buddhist network of meditation centers. She currently serves as the primary editor of Ponlop Rinpoche’s commercial books. Cindy is a practicing Buddhist and has been a student of Ponlop Rinpoche since 1996. Cindy earned a BA in English from Rollins College, an MA in Secondary Education from Florida International University, and an MA in Contemplative Religious Studies from Naropa University. After many years in Boulder, Colorado and Seattle, Washington, she now resides in Sarasota, Florida, with frequent stays at the Contemplative Resource Center in Bandera, Texas. She has a keen interest in community outreach programs for youth and families and in environmental education. (Source Accessed Aug 1, 2023) | |
| Claire Charasse | ||
| Clark Johnson | ||
| Clark, C. | ||
| Clark, W. | ||
| Clarke, R. | ||
| Clasquin, M. | ||
| Claude Aveline | Claude Aveline, pen name of Evgen Avtsine (19 July 1901 – 4 November 1992), was a writer, publisher, editor, poet and member of the French Resistance. Aveline, who was born in Paris, France, has authored numerous books and writings throughout his writing career. He was known as a versatile author, writing novels, poems, screenplays, plays, articles, sayings, and more. (Source Accessed Feb 14, 2023) | |
| Claudia Brown | Claudia Brown joined the art history faculty at the Herberger College School of Art, Arizona State University in 1998. Recently, she served a four-year term as director of the ASU Center for Asian Studies.
Prior to coming to ASU Herberger College of the Arts, Professor Brown served as curator of Asian Art at the Phoenix Art Museum since 1979. She continues to serve as consultant Research Curator for Asian Art at Phoenix Art Museum, and published two of the museum’s exhibition catalogs, "Weaving China’s Past: The Amy S. Clague Collection of Chinese Textiles" (2000) and "Minol Araki" (1999). While finishing her doctoral work in the history of Chinese art at the University of Kansas, Brown worked at the National Palace Museum, Taiwan, and taught at California State University Long Beach. Professor Brown's art historical exhibitions, organized for the Phoenix Art Museum and other institutions, have been shown widely, including international venues at the Museum für Ostasiatiche Kunst, Berlin (1995); Musée Cernuschi, Paris (1999); Hong Kong Museum of Art (1993); and the Suntory Museum of Art, Tokyo (1988). Nationally, Brown's exhibitions have been presented at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (1985); the China Institute in America, New York (1990 and 2003); the Denver Art Museum (1992); Honolulu Academy of Arts (1993); and the Arthur M. Sackler Museum at Harvard University (1991). Her research and teaching interests lie in later Chinese painting and decorative arts, museums and exhibitions. She has lectured in China, India, Korea and Taiwan. Her book, "Great Qing: Painting in China, 1644–1911," was published by University of Washington Press in 2014. She is currently working on a book on the arts of the Qing dynasty. (Source Accessed Feb 24, 2023) | |
| Claudia Fregiehn | Claudia Fregiehn completed her master's degree in translation at Rangjung Yeshe Institute in 2023. She was a recipient of a Tsadra Foundation Study Scholarship. The title of her MA thesis is "Who Is the Author? Mangtö Ludrup Gyatso's Essential Nectar in the Collected Works of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo: A Case Study of the Attribution of Authorship in Tibetan Buddhism." | |
| Claus Vogel | ||
| Claus, P. | ||
| Clay, G. | ||
| Clay, S. | ||
| Cleland, E. | ||
| Clemente, A. | ||
| Clemente, M. | ||
| Clooney, F. | ||
| Clough, B. | ||
| Coakley, E. | ||
| Cobb, E. | ||
| Cobb, J. | ||
| Coblin, W. | ||
| Coetzee, J. | ||
| Cohen, R. | ||
| Col, C. | ||
| Colas, G. | ||
| Cole, A. | Alan Cole is the author of a number of books in the field of Religious/Buddhist Studies, including Mothers and Sons in Chinese Buddhism (Stanford University Press 1998), Text as Father: Paternal Seductions in Early Mahayana Buddhist Literature (University of California Press 2005), Fathering Your Father: The Zen of Fabrication in Tang Buddhism (University of California Press 2009), Fetishizing Tradition: Desire and Reinvention in Buddhist and Christian Narratives (SUNY Press, 2015), and, most recently, Patriarchs on Paper: A Critical History of Medieval Chan Literature (University of California Press, 2016). He was Professor of Religious Studies at Lewis & Clark College from 2006–2012 and Visiting Professor of Philosophy at National University of Singapore from 2013–2014. (Source Accessed Jul 21, 2020) | |
| Cole, P. | ||
| Coleman, S. | ||
| Collins, D. | ||
| Comolli, Y. | ||
| Connor, P. | ||
| Conrad, S. | ||
| Constance Kassor | Dr. Constance Kassor is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at Lawrence University in Wisconsin, where she teaches courses on Buddhist thought and Asian religious traditions. Her research primarily focuses on Tibetan Buddhist philosophy, and she is currently completing a book manuscript on the philosophy of the 15th-century Tibetan scholar Gorampa Sonam Senge. Connie is also interested in issues related to women and gender minorities in Buddhist traditions, as well as Buddhism and social justice, and she has spent several years living with Buddhist communities in India and Nepal. In addition to her scholarly publications, she has written for Lion’s Roar and Tricycle, and has recently published an audio course on Asian religious traditions for The Great Courses and Audible. (Source Accessed Oct 27, 2021) | |
| Constance Wilkinson | Ms Wilkinson is a writer whose plays have been seen in New York, Nepal, Kenya and South Africa; she co-founded Kuku Ryku Theater Lab with Sally Jones, and with Susan Weiser-Finley created pieces in the lineage of Grotowski performed in New York and at universities and experimental theaters festivals in the United States and Europe. For KRTL, acclaimed director/actor William Finley (Dionysus in '69, Phantom of the Opera) directed Wilkinson's best-known play, the dark comedy “Sacco and Vanzetti Meet Julius and Ethel Rosenberg! (or, Patrick Henry in Hell).”
Wilkinson moved from Manhattan to Kathmandu, Nepal where she taught English as a second language, studied Nepali and Tibetan at Tribhuvan University and continued to act, direct, and write plays, this time for an audience largely composed of Kathmandu’s large international expat community. After a decade in Nepal, she returned to the US and became a licensed psychotherapist specializing in treating post-traumatic stress disorder, while continuing to write plays (and to direct and act on occasion). (Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022) | |
| Constantin Regamey | Constantin Regamey (28 January 1907 – 27 December 1982) was a philologist, Orientalist, musician, composer, and critic. He was a significant presence among intellectual and artistic circles in Warsaw during the 1930s and later a professor at the Universities of Lausanne and Fribourg.
Born in Kiev of Swiss and Polish ancestry, at the age of 13 Regamey moved to Warsaw, where he studied piano with Józef Turczyński and music theory with Felicjan Szopski. In 1931, he received a degree from the University of Warsaw in oriental and classical philology. He became a lecturer there in 1936. In 1937 he married Anna Janina Kucharska - a student of Romance Philology at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. From 1937 to 1939, he edited the magazine Muzyka Polska and was very active as a music critic. Regamey remained in Poland during the Second World War. Under the pseudonym Czesław Drogowski, he engaged with underground resistance organizations as a courier in the Army. During the war he continued to be active in the musical life of Warsaw, playing in bars and cafes and participating in the International Society for Contemporary Music. He also taught himself the principles of composition and began composing seriously in 1942. He later studied composition formally with Kazimierz Sikorski. In 1944 he completed a quintet for clarinet, bassoon, violin, cello and piano that was admired by Witold Lutosławski. Regamey utilizes twelve-tone technique in this piece, among the first composers in Poland to do so. Following the defeat of the Warsaw Uprising in October 1944, he moved to Lausanne, Switzerland. In 1945, he became professor of Slavic and Oriental languages at the University of Lausanne. He also taught linguistics at the University of Fribourg beginning in 1946. During this time he delivered lectures abroad in India and Egypt and published books and articles on oriental philology and Buddhist philosophy. He continued to compose, many of his works being premiered by the Swiss conductor Paul Sacher. His works were also performed at the Donaueschingen Festival. From 1963 to 1968 he was President of the Schweizerische Tonkünstlerverein. Regamey died in 1982, four years after his retirement. (Source Accessed Sep 3, 2021) | |
| Copp, P. | ||
| Corinne Segers | Corinne Segers is a translator for the Ringu Tulku Archive and an editor of several of his books. | |
| Cornille, C. | ||
| Cort, J. | ||
| Cortland Dahl | Cortland J. Dahl received a Ph.D. in Mind, Brain and Contemplative Science from the University of Wisconsin-Madison and also completed an MA degree in Buddhist Studies and Tibetan language at Naropa University. He has worked as an instructor at Kathmandu University's Center for Buddhist Studies, located in Kathmandu, as well as an interpreter for various lamas, including Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche and Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche. He currently serves as president of Tergar International and as a senior instructor in the Tergar Meditation Community. He lives with his wife and son in Madison, Wisconsin. | |
| Cossette-Trudel, A. | ||
| Cossitt, A. | ||
| Costello, S. | ||
| Cotnoir, A. | ||
| Cotter, M. | ||
| Coura, G. | ||
| Cousens, D. | ||
| Cousins, L. | ||
| Covell, R. | ||
| Coward, H.G. | ||
| Cox, C. | ||
| Coyle, K. | ||
| Craig J. Reynolds | Professor Craig J. Reynolds is a historian of Southeast Asia, particularly the mainland countries. His PhD and MA students have written on Burma, Japan, Laos, Malaya, Thailand and Vietnam. Many of these students have returned to teach and work in the countries of their birth. Craig first encountered Asia as a Peace Corps volunteer in Thailand where he taught English from 1963-1965 in the southern provincial town of Krabi. His current research on the legendary policeman from Nakhon Si Thammarat, Khun Phantharakratchadet, has taken him back to southern Thailand. (Source Accessed July 20, 2023) | |
| Craig Jamieson | Craig Jamieson is Keeper of Sanskrit Manuscripts at the University of Cambridge. Before Cambridge he taught Buddhism in the Study of Religion Department at the University of Leicester. His best-known works are Perfection of Wisdom, which has a preface by the Dalai Lama, and Nagarjuna's Verses. A facsimile edition of the Lotus Sutra made available in print two Cambridge palm leaf manuscripts from around one thousand years ago, Add. 1682 and Add. 1683. A major exhibition took place in 2014 entitled Buddha's Word: The Life of Books in Tibet and Beyond. A short video of the Perfection of Wisdom manuscript came out in 2017. (Adapted from Source Mar 10, 2021) | |
| Crane, S. | ||
| Cribb, J. | ||
| Cristina Zanardi | ||
| Crossley, J. | ||
| Crossley, P. | ||
| Crossley-Holland, P. | ||
| Crossman, S. | ||
| Cruijsen, T. | ||
| Crystal, D. | ||
| Csetri, E. | ||
| Cuong Tu Nguyen | Cuong Tu Nguyen received his PhD from Harvard University (specializing in Indian Buddhism). His works on Vietnamese Buddhism include "Rethinking Vietnamese Buddhist History: Is the Then Uyen Tap Anh a 'Transmission of the Lamp Text'?" "Tran Thai Tong and Khoa Hu Lue: A Study of Syncretic Ch'an in 13th Century Vietnam," and Zen in Medieval Vietnam: A Study and Translation of the Thien Uyen Tap Anh. With A. Charles Muller he co-edited Wonhyo's Philosophy of Mind, Volume II, (University of Hawai'i Press). He is Assistant Professor in the Department of Religious Studies at George Mason University. | |
| Cupchik, J. | ||
| Cutler, N. | ||
| Cynthia Peck-Kubaczek | Born in Los Angeles, California, Cynthia Peck-Kubaczek studied music (violoncello) in Los Angeles (University of Southern California) and Vienna (Hochschule für Musik und darstellende Kunst, Wien), whereupon she performed as a professional cellist first in Europe and then for ten years in Japan. She was formerly also the cello instructor for the Vienna Boys' Choir. She has taken care of the Institute's administration since 2000. Moreover, due to her knowledge of English, German and Japanese she also undertakes much of the editing and copy-editing of the Institute's publications.(Source Accessed Jan 11, 2021) | |
| Cyrus Stearns | Cyrus Stearns has twenty-seven years of experience in the study of Tibetan language, literature, and religion. He has extensive experience in the translation of Tibetan Buddhist texts into English. From 1973 until 1987 he studied with the late Dezhung Tulku Rinpoche, and from 1985 until 1991 he studied with Chogye Trichen Rinpoche. During most of these years he was the principal translator for both teachers. Cyrus lived for about eight years Nepal, India, and Southeast Asia. He has often translated for Tibetan teachers of all traditions during public talks and seminars in the United States, Europe, and Southeast Asia.
Cyrus was educated at the University of Alabama and received his PhD from the University of Washington in 1996. In 1985 Cyrus was the leader of the Smithsonian Institute's Associates Tour to Tibet and China, one of the first groups allowed into Tibet after many years of travel restriction by the Chinese government. He was a Tsadra Foundation fellow from 2003–2015. He is currently an independent scholar and translator and lives in the woods on Whidbey Island north of Seattle, Washington.
Completed Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow:
| |
| Czeglédy, K. | ||
| D'Arelli, F. | ||
| D'hulst, L. | ||
| D+harma b+ha dra | ||
| D. Amarasiri Weeraratne | D. Amarasiri Weeraratne was a prominent Sri Lankan Buddhist scholar, writer, and propagator of the Dhamma, who significantly contributed to Buddhist discourse in Sri Lanka. He was born in 1941 and passed away on March 1, 2023, at the age of 82. Weeraratne was educated at Kingswood College in Kandy and later served as a government officer in various departments, including health and forestry, before dedicating his life to the study and promotion of Buddhism after retirement. Weeraratne was a prolific writer, contributing numerous articles to established Buddhist journals such as The Buddhist of the Colombo YMBA and Vesak Lipi. His writings often addressed significant topics within Buddhism, including the establishment of the Bhikkhuni Order and interpretations of core Buddhist doctrines like Anatta (non-self) and meditation practices. He was fluent in both English and Sinhala, which allowed him to reach a broad audience through newspapers and public discussions. | |
| D. Mitra Barua | D. Mitra Barua teaches and conducts research on Buddhism in South and Southeast Asia and its diasporic expressions. With a PhD in religious studies, Mitra received trainings in both textual and social scientific study of religion.
His recent monograph Seeding Buddhism with Multiculturalism (McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2019) explains what being Buddhist means in Sri Lankan Buddhism across three distinct times and spaces: colonial Ceylon, postcolonial Sri Lanka and immigrant-friendly Canada. As a research partner at the University of Toronto’s Ho Centre for Buddhist Studies, Mitra examines Buddhism in the India-Bangladesh-Myanmar border region with an emphasis on centuries-long Buddhist transnational networks across the region and beyond. He currently teaches Buddhist philosophy at the Antioch-Carleton Buddhist Studies Program at Bodh Gaya, India. He also taught and conducted research at Cornell University, Rice University and the University of Saskatchewan. (Source Accessed July 20, 2023) | |
| D. R. Shackleton Bailey | David Roy Shackleton Bailey FBA (10 December 1917 – 28 November 2005) was a British scholar of Latin literature (particularly in the field of textual criticism) who spent his academic life teaching at the University of Cambridge, the University of Michigan, and Harvard. He is best known for his work on Horace (editing his complete works for the Teubner series), and Cicero, especially his commentaries and translations of Cicero's letters. (Source Accessed Aug 15, 2023) | |
| Dachille, R. | ||
| Daehaeng Kun Sunim | Daehaeng Kun Sunim (대행, 大行; 1927–2012) was a Korean Buddhist nun and Seon (禪) master. She taught monks as well as nuns, and helped to increase the participation of young people and men in Korean Buddhism. She made laypeople a particular focus of her efforts, and broke out of traditional models of spiritual practice, teaching so that anyone could practice, regardless of monastic status or gender. She was also a major force for the advancement of Bhikkunis (nuns), heavily supporting traditional nuns’ colleges as well as the modern Bhikkuni Council of Korea. The temple she founded, Hanmaum Seon Center, grew to have 15 branches in Korea, with another 10 branches in other countries. (Source Accessed Nov 24, 2020) | |
| Dagchen Dorje Chang Lodrö Gyaltsen | ||
| Dagkar, Namgyal | ||
| Dagpa, Lobsang | ||
| Dagpo Rinpoche | ||
| Dagpo Tulku | He was the chief editor of the Shechen Edition of the Rinchen Terdzö, which was completed in 2018. | |
| Daigan Matsunaga | Dr Matsunagawas born June 22, 1941 and raised in the Eikyoji Buddhist Temple in Fukagawa-shi, Hokkaida Japan. After ordination and Buddhist theological training, he came to the University of Southern California Theology School on a scholarship for further study. He received an M.A. and a Ph.D at the Claremont Graduate University. Appointed as a professor at California State University Northridge, he taught Japanese cultural history and Buddhism for over 13 years. He was called back to Tokyo to establish the International Buddhist Study Center at the Tokyo Honganji by the Supreme Primate of the Jodo Shinshu church and was its current director. At the same time he was the temple master of Eikyoji on Hokkaido, which he succeeded to upon the death of his father. He also held a position of a visiting professorship at the University of Wales in the United Kingdom where he lectured on Budddhism for a dozen years. He and his wife, Alicia Orloff- Matsunaga founded the Reno Buddhist Church in 1989. Alicia preceeded Dr Matsunaga in death in 1998. (Source Accessed Apr 11, 2022) | |
| Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki | Daisetsu Teitaro Suzuki (鈴木 大拙 貞太郎 Suzuki Daisetsu Teitarō; he rendered his name "Daisetz" in 1894; 18 October 1870 – 12 July 1966) was a Japanese author of books and essays on Buddhism, Zen and Shin that were instrumental in spreading interest in both Zen and Shin (and Far Eastern philosophy in general) to the West. Suzuki was also a prolific translator of Chinese, Japanese, and Sanskrit literature. Suzuki spent several lengthy stretches teaching or lecturing at Western universities, and devoted many years to a professorship at Ōtani University, a Japanese Buddhist school. He was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1963. (Source Accessed July 30, 2020) | |
| Daisley, S. | ||
| Dakpo Tashi Namgyal | ||
| Dalai Lama, 2nd | ||
| Dale S. Wright | Dale S. Wright is the David B. and Mary H. Gamble Distinguished Professor of Religious Studies and Professor of Asian Studies at Occidental College in Los Angeles where he has taught for 37 years. He is author of books in the field of Buddhist Studies including Philosophical Meditations on Zen Buddhism (Cambridge University Press, 1998), The Six Perfections: Buddhism and the Cultivation of Character (Oxford University Press, 2009), What Is Buddhist Enlightenment? (Oxford University Press, 2016), co-editor of a series of Oxford University Press books on Zen Buddhism as well as author of numerous essays, articles, and reviews. Wright has served as President of the Occidental College Faculty Council, Director of the California Private Universities and Colleges Japan Study Program, and on numerous boards and steering committees in academic and non-academic contexts, including the Foundation for Global Ethics, the University of Chicago Enhancing Life Project, the Southern California Consortium for Asian Studies, the Occidental College Advisory Council, The Music Circle, the Advisory Committee to the Braille Institute, and on the Editorial Boards of the Journal of the American Academy of Religion and the Journal of Buddhist Philosophy. (Source Accessed Jan 24, 2025) | |
| Damchö Diana Finnegan | After a career as a journalist based in New York and Hong Kong, Damchö Diana Finnegan ordained as a Buddhist nun in 1999. In 2009, she received her PhD from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, with a thesis on gender and ethics in Sanskrit and Tibetan narratives about Buddha’s direct female disciples in the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya.
After completing her dissertation she worked closely with the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa, Ogyen Trinley Dorje, serving as co-editor on various publications, including Interconnected: Embracing Life in a Global Society and The Heart Is Noble: Changing the World from the Inside Out. In 2007, she co-founded Dharmadatta Nuns’ Community (Comunidad Dharmadatta), a community of Spanish-speaking Buddhist nuns, based first in India and later in Mexico. Together with the other Dharmadatta nuns, she leads a large Latin American community with a commitment to gender and environmental justice as part of its spiritual practice. At the same time, Damchö continues to participate in academic circles, presenting at conferences, editing books, and engaging in various research projects. The most recent publication on which she collaborated, a translation from Sanskrit and Tibetan of the manual for conferring full ordination to women, is forthcoming from Hamburg University’s Numata Center for Buddhist Studies. Damchö has served as a board member of Maitripa College since its founding in 2005. (Source Accessed Sep 23, 2021) | |
| Damchö, L | Lhundup Damchö was born and raised in New York. After high school, she spent a year back-packing alone in Europe before starting her university studies at Sarah Lawrence, where she earned a BA in humanities. She then spent a year studying and living abroad in Paris and Poland, and then joined the New School for Social Research, for MA studies in Continental and Greek philosophy. In 1989, she left to begin a career as a journalist, continuing for seven years in her hometown of New York and later as bureau chief in Hong Kong. Later, during a year’s sabbatical writing as a freelance journalist, she engaged in a 10-day retreat at Kopan Monastery in Nepal’s Kathmandu valley. It was there that she first heard teachings on Buddhism, from Swedish nun Ani Karin.
Within two years, Damchö had left her career, completed several retreats and taken ordination vows in 1999. She was in Dharamsala preparing for another retreat when she first met His Holiness the Karmapa, weeks after his escape from Tibet. Following her retreat, she returned to Madison, Wisconsin, where she continued her seven years of Buddhist philosophy study with Geshe Lhundup Sopa, her abbot. At the same time, Lama Zopa Rinpoche also had a profound influence, and his teachings on renunciation and the cultivation of compassion greatly inspired her practice. In 2003, she was sent to Puerto Rico to offer Dharma talks at the Dharma center founded by Geshe Sopa and directed by Yangsi Rinpoche. Upon arrival in Puerto Rico, Damchö learned that Rinpoche had informed the students there that she would be teaching in Spanish – although her rudimentary knowledge of the language at the time came from having a Cuban sister-in-law, many Latino friends and a lifelong love of languages. Nevertheless, on that slim toehold Damchö began her long engagement with the Dharma in Spanish. During this same period, she lived with other nuns at Deer Park and engaged in graduate studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, studying Sanskrit, Tibetan and interdisciplinary studies of Asian culture and history. Her MA thesis explored reading strategies of Mahayana sutras, particularly the Sanghata Sutra, of which she later produced an English translation and a website devoted to the sutra. In 2006, she returned to India after a six-year absence. After spending over a year reading Sanskrit texts in Pune, Varanasi and Vishakhapatnam with Prabhakara Shastry, (you can read her blog on this period here) she moved to Dharamsala where Dapel and Nangpel had just received their monastic vows from His Holiness the Dalai Lama. After two years in Dharamsala, the seeds of a nuns’ community began to sprout, and when the nuns shared their aspiration with His Holiness the Karmapa, he quickly granted his blessing for them to proceed. In the same year, Damchö received her PhD, with a thesis on gender and ethics in Sanskrit and Tibetan narratives about Buddha’s direct female disciples, entitled “For the Sake of Women, Too: Ethics And Gender in the Narratives of the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya.” Damchö has a project pending to publish an English translation of those stories of these nuns’ lives. Since completing her dissertation in 2009, Damchö has lived in India participating in the life of the nuns’ community, serving His Holiness the 17th Karmapa, Ogyen Trinley Dorje, on various projects, and engaging in various Spanish-language Dharma initiatives. In 2010, under the guidance of the 17th Karmapa, she wrote Karmapa: 900 Years, a historical survey of the Karma Kagyu lineage that has since been translated into twelve languages. She co-translated and edited The Heart Is Noble: Changing the World from the Inside Out, a book of teachings by His Holiness the Karmapa based on several weeks of dialogue between the Karmapa and a group of students from the University of Redlands. She has since organized several other extended interactions between young people and His Holiness. In 2015, she co-translated and edited Nurturing Compassion, teachings by the Karmapa during his first trip to Europe. Under the Gyalwang Karmapa’s guidance, she produced a visual biography to commemorate his predecessor, Dharma King: The Life of the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa in Images, which will be launched in 2016 as part of a commemorative event in Bodhgaya. (Dapel served alongside Damchö to photo-edit this book.) Her translation of his script of a play on the life of Milarepa is also forthcoming from KTD Publications. Damchö gives weekly Dharma talks in Spanish, which can be viewed at www.facebuda.org. She travels regularly to Dharma centers across Latin America, and leads an annual retreat in Mexico. With Silvia Sevilla, she co-founded Editorial Albricias, a Spanish-language publisher of books on Buddhism. With Leslie Serna, she co-founded a Buddhist study institute that offers online courses in Buddhist philosophy and practice in Spanish, free of charge. This study program was given the name Instituto Budadharma by His Holiness the 17th Karmapa in 2012, and currently admits over 500 students each semester. Although the bulk of her time is now divided between India and Latin America, Damchö continues to participate in academic circles, presenting at conferences and engaging in collaborative research projects. She has served as a board member of Maitripa College, a Buddhist college in Portland, Oregon, since its founding in 2005. Source[6] | |
| Damden Lhundrup | ||
| Damien Keown | Professor Emeritus of Buddhist Ethics at the University of London, Goldsmiths. Research Interests include: Buddhist ethics: theoretical foundations and normative applications, with particular reference to medicine and biotechnology. (Source: University Website Accessed June 25, 2020) H-Buddhism GENERATIONS OF BUDDHIST STUDIES Article | |
| Dampa Charchen | One of the group of students of Phadampa Sangye associated with his final visit to Tibet that are collectively known as the Four Gatekeeper Yogins (sgo ba'i rnal 'byor bzhi), each of which are associated with one of the cardinal directions. Dampa Charchen is associated with the eastern gate (shar sgo). | |
| Dampa Charchung | One of the group of students of Phadampa Sangye associated with his final visit to Tibet that are collectively known as the Four Gatekeeper Yogins (sgo ba'i rnal 'byor bzhi), each of which are associated with one of the cardinal directions. Dampa Charchung is associated with the western gate (nub sgo). | |
| Damrosch, D. | ||
| Damtsik Dorje Drakpa Pal | A master born in Khal Kha (Mongolia). His teachers included Blo bzang dge legs bstan 'dzin, Tshe dbang skyabs mchog, Bsod nams rgya mtsho, and Chos kyi rdo rje. His students included Skal bzang ye shes, Blo bzang bstan 'dzin dpal 'byor, Blo bzang yon tan, and Bsod nams rgya mtsho. | |
| Dan 'bag pa smra ba'i seng ge | ||
| Dan Lusthaus | ||
| Dan Martin | Currently a literary translator for The Institute of Tibetan Classics, Dan Martin completed his doctoral degree in Tibetan Studies with minors in Religious Studies and Anthropology at the Department of Central Eurasian Studies in 1991. He has taught courses as a Visiting Lecturer at Indiana, Hamburg, and Harvard Universities. He has held research positions in Bloomington, Oslo, and Jerusalem. His publications include over 30 articles as well as books entitled Mandala Cosmogony, Harrassowitz (Wiesbaden 1994), Unearthing Bon Treasures, Brill (Leiden 2001), and the bibliography Tibetan Histories, Serindia (London 1997). His main areas of research fall within the realm of the cultural history of Tibet, from the tenth century to the twentieth. His interests are in Indian and Tibetan literature, medicine and religions, as well as Eurasian interconnections in the same fields. These days he is finalizing a translation of a 400-page history of Buddhism in India and Tibet composed in the late 13th century. (Source Accessed Aug 3, 2020) | |
| Dan Smyer Yü | Dan Smyer Yü is Kuige Professor of Ethnology, School of Ethnology and Sociology and the National Centre for Borderlands Ethnic Studies in Southwest China at Yunnan University. He received his Ph.D. in anthropology from the University of California at Davis in 2006. Prior to his current faculty appointment, he was the Founding Director of the Center for Trans-Himalayan Studies at Yunnan Minzu University, a Senior Researcher/Research Group Leader at the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity, a core member of the Transregional Research Network (CETREN) at University of Göttingen, and a New Millennium Scholar at Minzu University of China, Beijing. He is the author of The Spread of Tibetan Buddhism in China: Charisma, Money, Enlightenment (Routledge 2011) and Mindscaping the Landscape of Tibet: Place, Memorability, Eco-aesthetics (De Gruyter 2015), and the co-editor of Religion and Ecological Sustainability in China (Routledge 2014) and Trans-Himalayan Borderlands: Livelihoods, Territorialities, Modernities (Amsterdam University Press 2017). His research interests are religion and ecology, environmental humanities, trans-Himalayan studies, sacred landscapes, climate change and mass migration, modern Tibetan studies, and comparative studies of Eurasian secularisms. His externally funded projects are "Trans-Himalayan Environmental Humanities" (ICIMOD), "India-China Corridor Project" (the Swedish Research Council), "Cultural and Ecological Diversity of the Trans-Himalayas in the Context of China’s Belt and Road Initiative" (National Social Sciences Foundation of China), and "Sustainable Lives in Scarred Landscapes: Heritage, Environment, and Violence in the China-Myanmar Jade Trade" (The British Academy Sustainable Development Program). (Source Accessed Aug 10, 2020) | |
| Daniel A. Arnold | Dan Arnold is a scholar of Indian Buddhist philosophy, which he engages in a constructive and comparative way. Considering Indian Buddhist philosophy as integral to the broader tradition of Indian philosophy, he has particularly focused on topics at issue among Buddhist schools of thought (chiefly, those centering on the works of Nāgārjuna and of Dharmakīrti), often considering these in conversation with critics from the orthodox Brahmanical school of Pūrva Mīmāṃsā. His first book – Buddhists, Brahmins, and Belief: Epistemology in South Asian Philosophy of Religion (Columbia University Press, 2005) – won an American Academy of Religion Award for Excellence in the Study of Religion. His second book – Brains, Buddhas, and Believing: The Problem of Intentionality in Classical Buddhist and Cognitive-Scientific Philosophy of Mind (Columbia University Press, 2012) – centers on the contemporary philosophical category of intentionality, taken as useful in thinking through central issues in classical Buddhist epistemology and philosophy of mind. This book received the Toshihide Numata Book Prize in Buddhism, awarded by the Center for Buddhist Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. He is presently working on an anthology of Madhyamaka texts in translation, to appear in the series "Historical Sourcebooks in Classical Indian Thought." His essays have appeared in such journals as Philosophy East and West, the Journal of Indian Philosophy, Asian Philosophy, the Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies, the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, and Revue Internationale de Philosophie. (Source Accessed Jul 13, 2020) | |
| Daniel A. Métraux | Daniel A. Métraux is Professor of Asian Studies at Mary Baldwin College and Adjunct Professor of Asian Culture and History in the graduate program at the Union Institute and University. He has written extensively on Japan's New Religions and other aspects of modern Asian history, including Burma's Modern Tragedy (2004) and The Asian Writings of Jack London (2010). He has served as Editor of the Southeast Review of Asian Studies and as president of the SE Chapter, Association for Asian Studies. (Source: The Buddhist World, notes on contributors, xvi) | |
| Daniel A. Scheidegger | ||
| Daniel Alexander Hirshberg | Dan Hirshberg’s study and practice of Tibetan Buddhism began as an undergrad in 1996 and culminated in a PhD at Harvard University (2012) where his dissertation focused on Nyang-rel Nyima Ozer (1124–92), the first of the great Buddhist treasure revealers, and the textual and religious innovations that produced the first biography of Padmasambhava. Dan is now Assistant Professor of Religion at the The University of Mary Washington in Fredericksburg, VA, where he directs the Contemplative Studies program and serves as associate director of the Leidecker Center for Asian Studies. His first book, Remembering the Lotus-Born: Padmasambhava in the History of Tibet's Golden Age (Wisdom Publications 2016), explores the earliest re/construction of Tibet's most popular narrative, its conversion to Buddhism under the emperors, by means of Tibetan innovations in reincarnation theory, textual revelation, and historiography. It won Honorable Mention for the E. Gene Smith Book Prize from the Association for Asian Studies in 2018. | |
| Daniel Boucher | Daniel Boucher's scholarly focus is Buddhist studies, particularly the early development of the cluster of Indian Buddhist movements called the Mahayana and their transmission to China in the first few centuries of the Common Era. His related interests include translation as a religious genre, with special focus on the earliest translations of Buddhist texts into Chinese; Buddhist Middle Indo-Aryan, particularly the role of Gandhari Prakrit in the earliest transmission of Buddhism to Central Asia and China; art historical, epigraphical, and archeological materials as sources for the study of religion; and history, theory, and methods in the academic study of religion. (Source Accessed May 20, 2021) | |
| Daniel Cozort | Dan Cozort grew up in North Dakota, where he ran cross-country and track and was a successful debater and extemporaneous speaker. At Brown University he majored in religious studies, specializing in Christian theology and ethics. At the graduate school of the University of Virginia, he specialized in Buddhism, learned Tibetan and Sanskrit, and began his collaboration with Tibetan lamas. He did a year of fieldwork in India, traveling broadly and staying in Tibetan monasteries. His teaching career began with a two-year appointment at Bates College in Maine. Coming to Dickinson in 1988, he proposed that the College join the South India Term Abroad consortium, which he directed in Madurai, south India, in 1992-93. In 1991 he organized the Festival of Tibet at Dickinson, which included an art exhibit he curated and was the initial occasion in which Tibetan monks constructed a Buddhist sand painting in the Trout Gallery. The monks returned in 1995 to construct another; he collaborated with Prof. Lonna Malmsheimer on a film to document it. In 2000 he began to teach in the Norwich Humanities Programme in England and in 2003-2005 he was its resident director. Prof. Cozort’s teaching is principally in the area of comparative religion, where he offers courses on Buddhism and Hinduism. However, he has also taught about Native American religions, about love and sex in relation to religion, about happiness, and has taught a variety of courses in the theory of religious studies. Currently, in addition to introductory courses, he frequently offers “Contemplative Practices in Asia,” “Buddhism and the Environment,” and “Spiritual Dimensions of Healing,” a course on the relation of religion and medicine. He is the author of six books: Highest Yoga tantra, Buddhist Philosophy, Unique Tenets of the Middle Way Consequence School, Sand Mandala of Vajrabhairava, Sadhana of Mahakala, and Enlightenment Through Imagination. He also edited the Oxford Handbook of Buddhist Ethics.He has also written numerous book chapters and articles and a film script. From 2006 to 2019, he was the Editor of the Journal of Buddhist Ethics. (Source Accessed Apr 14, 2021) | |
| Daniel Donnet | Daniel Donnet is professor emeritus at Université catholique de Louvain. | |
| Daniel Gold | SummaryDaniel Gold has broad interests in South Asian religion and culture, with research specializations in old Hindi poetry, early modern North Indian devotional cultures, and contemporary religious life. He has also written on the study of religion. Research FocusGold is currently revisiting the early modern Hindi saint-poets known collectively as "sants." Situating the religious cultures that have grown up around particular figures in their separate historical contexts, he seeks to understand factors affecting the diversity of the religious cultures that emerged around specific sants and continuities in the development of their tradition as a whole. (Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023) | |
| Daniel Gratzer | University of Vienna, Department of South Asian, Tibetan, and Buddhist Studies | |
| Daniel M. Stuart | Daniel Stuart is a scholar of South Asian religions, literary cultures, and meditation traditions who specializes in the texts and practices of the Buddhist tradition. He has worked extensively on sutra literature and Buddhist manuscripts in various Asian languages and scripts. He is particularly interested in the interrelationships between Buddhist practice traditions, theories of mind, and scriptural production in premodern and modern India. (Source Accessed 26 Jan 2015) | |
| Daniel P. Brown | Daniel Brown is the author of 15 books including Transformations of Consciousness (with Ken Wilbur & Jack Engler), and a book on Mahamudra, Pointing Out the Great Way: The Mahamudra Tradition of Tibetan Meditation-Stages (Wisdom Publications), and two books on public dialogues with H.H. The Dalai Lama. He is also the co-author of a forthcoming book on the Bon A Khrid lineage of Bon Great Completion Meditation.
In graduate school at The University of Chicago he studied Sanskrit with Hans van Beutenen, and also studied Tibetan, Buddhist Sanskrit, and Pali languages in the Buddhist Studies Program at the University of Wisconsin, Madison WI. He spent 10 years translating meditation texts for his doctoral dissertation on Tibetan Buddhist Mahamudra meditation. He has studied meditation practice for about 45 years, beginning with reading Patanjali’s Yogasutras and its main commentaries in the original Sanskrit with the great historian of religion professor Mircea Eliade, as well as practicing Patanjali's stages of meditation directly with Dr. Arwind Vasavada. At the same time, Dr. Brown studied the Burmese Theravadin Buddhist mindfulness meditation, first with Western teachers in the United States like Jack Kornfield, Joseph Goldstein, Sharon Salzberg, and Christopher Titmus, and then directly with the originator of the Burmese mindfulness tradition, Mahasi Sayadaw in Rangoon, Burma and other masters like Tungpulo Sayadaw and Achaan Cha. Read more here. | |
| Daniel Stender | ||
| Daniel Stevenson | I have been interested for some time in the sites and economies of practice that mediated religious life in Middle Period China (10th–14th centuries), particularly as they applied to persons who identified themselves (or others) as “Buddhist.” This interest arises from the conviction that religious subjects and their traditions are not static and monolithically constituted entities, but disparate works in progress, the estimations of which are ceaselessly negotiated in relation to a diversity of shifting idioms, obligations, and historical contingencies. To me the key question becomes one of processes and agencies of cultural practice, and that question in turn implies networks, that is to say, the sites and channels through which cultural data move, locate, and come to be collectively embodied. I am working on several projects at the moment, all of which focus on Song (960–1279) and Yuan period China (1279–1368). (Source Accessed October 22, 2019) | |
| Daniel Timothy Aitken | Daniel is an experienced business executive with over a decade of insights gathered from corporate and consumer marketing executive roles working for multinationals such as Canon, and large financial firms such as Westpac. While pursuing his marketing career, Daniel continued to foster his life long interest in Tibetan Buddhism, the Tibetan language, and its literature. This has taken him across Australia, America, India, Nepal, and Tibet to pursue a deeper understanding of Buddhist theory and practice with masters from the living tradition. Daniel also reads Sanskrit and Tibetan and has a PhD in Buddhist Philosophy. (Source Accessed Apr 9, 2021) | |
| Dannecker, M. | ||
| Daogong | [The] Ratnarāśī was translated by [the] monk named Daogong, in Liangzhou, about 700 km. ESE of Dunhuang on the main road, in modem day Gansu province, right at the end of the fourth or at the very beginning of the fifth century. . . . [. . . ] [T]here are no biographies of Daogong, and we know next to nothing about him.[2] It is not clear if the Karuṇapuṇḍarika attributed to him is attributed correctly, but this seems to be the less likely conclusion. It seems even less likely that the Aṣṭasāhasrika Prajñāpāramitā translation is to be accepted as his.
While we may know little about the man, the time and place in which Daogong lived certainly placed him in the middle of one of the most productive, even explosive, periods in Chinese Buddhist history. The monk-translators listed as contemporaries or near contemporaries of Daogong, and residing in the same region, are Fazhong, Sengqietuo, and Dharmakṣema. (Silk, "The Origins and Early History of the Mahāratnakūṭa," 671–72)
Notes2. This was, I have lately noticed, also the conclusion of Bagchi 1927:211. As far as I can tell from the relevant indices, Daogong is not mentioned in the Chinese dynastic histories either. | |
| Daolang | Daolang 道朗 wrote comments and exegeses of Dharmakśema's larger Nirvāṇa Sūtra. He wrote a preface to the Nirvāṇa Sūtra titled Da niepan jing xu 大涅槃經序 (preserved in T. 2145, 59b5–60a9). This preface was translated and studied by Whalen Lai. | |
| Daosheng | Daosheng (Chinese: 道生; pinyin: Dàoshēng; Wade–Giles: Tao Sheng), or Zhu Daosheng (Chinese: 竺道生; Wade–Giles: Chu Tao-sheng), was an eminent Six Dynasties era Chinese Buddhist scholar. He is known for advocating the concepts of sudden enlightenment and the universality of the Buddha nature.
Born in Pengcheng, Daosheng left home to become a monk at eleven. He studied in Jiankang under Zhu Fatai, and later at Lushan (Mount Lu) monastery with Huiyuan, and from 405 or 406 under Kumārajīva in Chang'an, where he stayed for some two years perfecting his education. He became one of the foremost scholars of his time, counted among the "fifteen great disciples" of Kumārajīva. Sengzhao reports that Daosheng assisted Kumārajīva in his translation of the Lotus Sutra, Daosheng wrote commentaries on the Lotus Sutra, the Vimalakīrti-nirdeśa Sūtra and the Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra (the last of which has been lost). In 408, he returned to Lushan, and in 409 back to Jiankang, where he remained for some twenty years, staying at the Qingyuan Monastery (青园寺) from 419. Daosheng controversially ascribed Buddha-nature to the icchantikas, based on his reading on a short version of the Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra, which in that short form appears to deny the Buddha-nature to icchantikas; the long version of the Nirvāṇa Sūtra, however (not yet known to Daosheng), explicitly includes the icchantikas in the universality of the Buddha-nature. Daosheng's bold doctrine of including icchantikas within the purview of the Buddha-nature, even before that explicit teaching had actually been found in the long Nirvāṇa Sūtra, led to the expulsion of Daosheng from the Buddhist community in 428 or 429, and he retreated to Lushan in 430. With the availability of the long Nirvāṇa Sūtra after 430, through the translation of Dharmakshema, Daosheng was vindicated and praised for his insight. He remained in Lushan, composing his commentary on the Lotus Sūtra in 432, until his death in 434. Daosheng's exegesis of the Nirvāṇa Sūtra had an enormous influence on interpretations of the Buddha-nature in Chinese Buddhism that prepared the ground for the Chán school emerging in the 6th century. | |
| Dar ma blo gros | ||
| Darcharwa Rinchen Zangpo | ||
| Dargye, Y. | ||
| Darling, A. | ||
| Darlington, S. | ||
| Das, N. | ||
| Das, R. | ||
| Das, U. | ||
| Dasgupta, S. | ||
| Dash, N. | ||
| Dash, V. B. | ||
| Dass, R. | ||
| Daston, L. | ||
| Datta, K. | ||
| Datta-Ray, M. | ||
| Davenport, J. | John Davenport is a water resources development specialist with wide experience as an aid consultant in South and East Asia and Tibet, including for the Tibetan government-in-exile. He is currently the team leader of the ADB supported Western Basins Water Resources Management Project in Herat, Afghanistan. He has served as vice president of Deer Park Buddhist Center near Madison, Wisconsin. He lives in Eugene, Oregon. Source: (Wisdom Publications) | |
| Davenport, S. | ||
| David A. Leeming | David Adams Leeming (born February 26, 1937) is an American philologist who is Professor Emeritus of English and Comparative Literature at the University of Connecticut, and a specialist in comparative literature of mythology.
Leeming received his A.B. from Princeton University in 1958. In 1959 he did a summer course graduate study at the University of Caen. From New York University he received his M.A. in 1964, and his Ph.D. in 1970. Leeming was Head of the English Department at Robert College in Istanbul, Turkey from 1958 to 1963. From 1964 to 1967 he was the secretary-assistant of author James Baldwin. Since 1969 Leeming was Assistant Professor of English at the University of Connecticut. He eventually became Professor of English and Comparative Literature at the University of Connecticut, where he in later years has served as Professor Emeritus. Leeming has written variously in comparative literature of mythology and edited numerous encyclopedias and dictionaries on the subject. He has also written biographies on Beauford Delaney, James Baldwin, and Stephen Spender. Leeming is a member of the Modern Language Association of America and the Federation of University Teachers. (Adapted from Source June 14, 2023) | |
| David Bellos | David Bellos gained his doctorate in French literature from Oxford University (UK) and taught subsequently at Edinburgh, Southampton and Manchester before coming to Princeton in 1997. He worked first in nineteenth century studies, particularly on the novel and the history of literary ideas and then developed interests in post-war French writing and film. He is the translator and biographer of Georges Perec and has also written major studies of Jacques Tati and Romain Gary. A well-known translator, he is also the author of an irreverent introduction to translation studies, Is That A Fish in Your Ear? His most recent book, The Novel of the Century, marks a return to nineteenth century France from a trans-national point of view. He has a joint appointment in French and Comparative Literature and is also Director of the PIIRS Graduate Fellows Program. He has won the French-American Foundation’s translation prize (1988), the Prix Goncourt de la Biographie (1994), the Man Booker International translator’s award (2005) and the Book Award of the American Library in Paris, and holds the rank of officier in the Orde national des Arts et des Lettres. He was the recipient of the 2019 Howard T. Berhman Award for Distinguished Achievement in the Humanities. (Source Accessed Feb 24, 2023) | |
| David Bennett | David Bennett first became involved in Buddhism in 1975 at Samye Ling Buddhist Centre in Scotland. After studying with various teachers he met Traleg Kyabgon Rinpoche IX in 1981 in Australia and continued studying and practicing under his guidance until Traleg passed away in 2012. David was Vice-President of Traleg’s main Centre E-Vam Institute in Melbourne Australia for many years. He works as a graphic designer and has used these skills to contribute to Traleg Rinpoche’s ongoing activities since joining the Centre. (Source Accessed Dec 6, 2023) | |
| David Bubna-Litic | David Bubna-Litic is an internationally recognized interdisciplinary scholar with interests in whole of systems thinking applied to individual, organizational, economic, and social change.
He researches the dialogue between mindful ways of being (presence), deep integrity, eastern philosophy, and established western disciplines to create a merged horizon for social and economic change. He is Senior Lecturer at the University of Technology Sydney. (Adapted from Source June 16, 2023) | |
| David Curtis | Lama David Curtis founded the Tibetan Language Institute in 1996. Since then he has taught Tibetan language and Buddhism courses full-time, specializing in the development of Dharma-centered learning materials and instruction for Western students.
He is motivated by a desire to help others participate in the dharma in more meaningful ways; in puja, in private meditation practice, in meditational retreats, as Tibetan interpreters. As president and executive director of TLI and Big Sky Mind, David strives to fulfill the TLI mission of helping to preserve the Tibetan language and culture through the teaching of the Tibetan language and instruction in meditation. (Source Accessed Jan 20, 2025) | |
| David E. Cooper | David E. Cooper is a British author and philosopher. He was brought up in Surrey and educated at Highgate School and then Oxford University, where he was given his first job in 1967, as a Lecturer in Philosophy. He went on to teach at the universities of Miami, London and Surrey before being appointed, in 1986, as Professor of Philosophy at Durham University – where he remained until retiring in 2008. During his academic career, David was a Visiting Professor at universities in the United States, Canada, Malta, Sri Lanka and South Africa. Cooper is the former Chair (or President) of the Aristotelian Society, the Mind Association, the Friedrich Nietzsche Society, and the Philosophy of Education Society of Great Britain. He is Secretary and a Trustee of the charity Project Sri Lanka, and he spends time each year visiting and supervising educational and humanitarian projects.
Cooper has published across a broad range of philosophical subjects, including philosophy of language, philosophy of education, ethics, aesthetics, environmental philosophy, animal ethics, philosophy of technology, philosophy of religion, history of both Western philosophy and Asian philosophy, and modern European philosophy, especially Heidegger, Nietzsche, and Wittgenstein. In recent years, Cooper has written widely on environmental and Buddhist aesthetics, music and nature, the relationship of beauty and virtue, cultures of food, the significance of gardens, Daoism, our relationship to animals, and the notion of mystery. Cooper is the author of a number of books, including World Philosophies: An Historical Introduction; Meaning; Existentialism: A Reconstruction; The Measure of Things: Humanism, Humility and Mystery; A Philosophy of Gardens; Convergence with Nature: A Daoist Perspective; Senses of Mystery: Engaging with Nature and the Meaning of Life; and Animals and Misanthropy. He has also edited a number of collections, including Blackwell Companion to Aesthetics; Philosophy: The Classic Readings; Epistemology: The Classic Readings; Ethics: The Classic Readings; and Aesthetics: The Classic Readings – the latter four notable for their inclusion of material from the Indian and Chinese traditions. He is joint editor of Key Thinkers on the Environment. Cooper is a regular reviewer of books for magazines, including The Times Literary Supplement and The Los Angeles Review of Books. He is also the author of three novels, all set in Sri Lanka: Street Dog: A Sri Lankan Story, its sequel, Old Stripe, and A Shot on the Beach. (Source Accessed Mar 12, 2021) | |
| David Gonsalez | David Gonsalez (Losang Tsering) has been practicing Dharma for over twenty-five years and since that time has devoted the entirety of his life to practice, study, translation, as well as hosting and organizing numerous Dharma teachings and events in the Seattle area. He first began studying with Geshe Khenrab Gajam and traveled to Montreal on several occasions to receive teachings. After Geshe Khenrab’s passing David developed a close relationship with several lamas including Lama Zopa Rinpoche and Ribur Rinpoche. Most notably David invited Gen Lobsang Choephel to Seattle on five occasions at which time he received countless empowerments, oral transmissions, and commentaries. David has also received numerous empowerments and teachings from other great lamas such as Lati Rinpoche, Denma Locho Rinpoche, Kirti Tsenshab Rinpoche, and many more. David has devoted a great deal of the last twenty-five years to retreat and has completed forty-three fully qualified retreats including subsequent fire pujas. As the translator for Dechen Ling Press these retreats give David a unique opportunity to approach these translations as not only a translator but an experienced practitioner as well assuring the translations are accurate and true to the lineage passed down through Tibetan lamas. (Source: Dechen Link Press 2014 Website) | |
| David Gray | David Gray received his B.A. in Religious Studies from Wesleyan University and his M.A. and Ph.D. in the History of Religion from Columbia University. His research explores the development of tantric Buddhist traditions in South Asia, and their dissemination in Tibet and East Asia, with a focus on the Yogin?tantras, a genre of Buddhist tantric literature that focused on female deities and yogic practices involving the subtle body. He focuses particularly on the Cakrasamvara Tantra, an esoteric Indian Buddhist scripture that serves as the basis for a number of important Nepali and Tibetan Buddhist practice traditions. (Source Accessed Dec 3, 2019) Curriculum Vitae | |
| David Higgins | David Higgins received his doctorate from the University of Lausanne, Switzerland in 2012. He subsequently held a position as a Post-doc Research Fellow in the Department of South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies at the University of Vienna where he explored the relationship between Mahāmudrā and Madhyamaka philosophies in Bka’ brgyud scholasticism during the post-classical period (15th to 16th centuries). His research interests include Indo-Tibetan Buddhist philosophy and epistemology with a particular focus on Bka’ brgyud Mahāmudrā and Rnying ma Rdzogs chen doctrines and practices. His PhD thesis was published under the title Philosophical Foundations of Classical Rdzogs chen in Tibet: Investigating the Distinction Between Dualistic Mind (sems) and Primordial Knowing (ye shes) (Vienna, WSTB no. 78, 2013). His recent publications include Mahāmudrā and the Middle Way: Post-classical Kagyü Discourses on Mind, Emptiness and Buddha Nature (Vienna, WSTB no. 90, 2016, 2 vols.) and Buddha Nature Reconsidered: The Eighth Karma pa’s Middle Path (Vienna, WSTB, forthcoming, 2 vols.), both of which were co-authored with Martina Drazczyk. (Source Accessed July 22, 2020) | |
| David Jackson | David P. Jackson received his doctorate in 1985 from the University of Washington and studied and translated for many years in Seattle for the polymath Tibetan scholar Dezhung Rinpoche. Until 2007, he was a professor of Tibetan Studies at Hamburg University in Germany and is now a curator for the Rubin Museum of Art in New York. He is the author of numerous articles and books on Tibetan art, literature, and history, including A Saint in Seattle, Tibetan Thangka Painting, The Mollas of Mustang, and Enlightenment by a Single Means. He lives in Washington State. (Source Accessed Oct 19, 2019) | |
| David Jones | David Jones is professor of philosophy and editor of Comparative and Continental Philosophy (Taylor and Francis), the founding editor of East-West Connections from 2000 to 2013, and the editor of the Series on Comparative and Continental Philosophy. In 2013 and 2015 he was Visiting Scholar at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences at National Taiwan University and has been a visiting professor at the University of Cape Coast in Ghana, Visiting Professor of Chinese Philosophy at the University of North Georgia, and Visiting Professor of Confucian Classics at Emory. From 1996 to 2008 he was the director of the Center for the Development of Asian Studies, which was a Southeast regional center of the Asian Studies Development Program of the East-West Center in Honolulu. Under his direction, CDAS coordinated a number of faculty development workshops and organized conferences and programs on Asia for faculty and the public in Atlanta, the Southeast, and nationally. David Jones was the president of the highly regarded Comparative and Continental Philosophy Circle for the last twelve years. (Source Accessed Mar 17, 2020) | |
| David Kalupahana | David J. Kalupahana (1936–2014) was a Buddhist scholar from Sri Lanka. He was a student of the late K.N. Jayatilleke, who was a student of Wittgenstein. He wrote mainly about epistemology, theory of language, and compared later Buddhist philosophical texts against the earliest texts and tried to present interpretations that were both historically contextualized and also compatible with the earliest texts, and in doing so, he encouraged Theravadin Buddhists and scholars to reevaluate the legitimacy of later, Mahayana texts and consider them more sympathetically.
Born in Galle District, Southern Sri Lanka, Kalupahana attended Mahinda College, Galle for his school education. He obtained his BA (Sri Lanka, 1959), Ph.D (London), and D. Litt (Hon. Peradeniya, Sri Lanka). He was Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Hawaii. He was assistant lecturer in Pali and Buddhist Civilization at the University of Ceylon, and studied Chinese and Tibetan at the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London where he completed a Ph.D. dissertation on the problem of causality in the Pali Nikayas and Chinese Agamas in 1966. He left the University of Ceylon (1972) to join the University of Hawaii, serving as the Chairman of the Department of Philosophy and Chairman of the Graduate Field in Philosophy (1974–80). He directed international intra-religious conferences on Buddhism, and on Buddhism and Peace. Many of his books are published and widely available in India (by Motilal Banarsidass and others), and therefore presumably have a fairly significant influence on the fields of Buddhism and Buddhist Studies in India and other nearby South Asian countries, such as his native Sri Lanka. (Source Accessed Apr 21, 2021) | |
| David Karma Choephel | Khenpo David Karma Choephel studied Buddhist philosophy at the Vajra Vidya Institute in Namo Buddha, Nepal, and Sarnath, India. He currently serves as Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche’s main English-language translator, and also translates for the Gyalwang Karmapa and the Kagyu Monlam. His published translations include Ngondro for Our Current Day by the Gyalwang Karmapa, Heart of the Dharma by Khenchen Trangu Rinpoche, Jewels from the Treasury, Vasubandhu’s Verses on the Treasury of Abhidharma, with commentary by the Ninth Karmapa Wangchuk Dorje, all published by KTD Publications; and Vivid Awareness: The Mind Instructions of Khenpo Gangshar by Thrangu Rinpoche, published by Shambhala Publications. His most recent translation, The Torch of True Meaning: Instructions and the Practice Text for the Mahamudra Preliminaries by Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Taye and the Ninth Karmapa Wangchuk Dorje, was taught by the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa, Ogyen Trinley Dorje, A Collection of Commentaries on The Four-Session Guru Yoga, Compiled by the Seventeenth Gyalwang Karmapa Ogyen Trinley Dorje, both published by KTD Publications. (Source Accessed Feb 12, 2020) | |
| David Kittay | Adjunct Assistant Professor at Columbia University. (BU JD, CU PhD). Dr. Kittay specializes in teaching courses on Buddhism and on Eastern and Western philosophy, most recently, “Technology, Religion, Future,” “Interpreting Buddhist Yoga,” "Law and Religion," and "Reincarnation, Simulation, Resurrection." He is the translator of The Vajra Rosary Tantra (Wisdom Publications, forthcoming 2019), Alaṃkakalaśa’s word commentary on the Vajra Rosary Tantra, and, with Professor Lozang Jamspal, Pha Dampa Sangs rgyas's One Hundred Spiritual Instructions to the Dingri People (Ladakh Ratnashridipika Press, 2011), the Elucidation of the Intention Tantra, The Questions of the Four Goddesses Tantra and Tsong Khapa's commentary on it, The Vajra Intuition Compendium Tantra, with Tsong Khapa's commentary, and the Later Tantra (these being the first complete English translations of the Explanatory Tantras of the Guhyasamāja under the Noble Tradition, and (under a grant from 84000,Translating the Words of the Buddha) The Symphony of Dharma Sūtra, along with other publications about Buddhism, religion, and law. He regularly lectures at Tibet House US, where he serves on the Board, and at Do Ngak Kunphen Ling Tibetan Buddhist Center, at Columbia, and worldwide, and is the President of the Tibetan Classics Translators Guild of New York. He also writes and lectures on the subject of compassionate lawyering, and has served as a trial and civil rights lawyer, federal bankruptcy trustee and a receiver for the Securities Exchange Commission. He is currently Director and Professor of Philosophy at the Harlem Clemente Course for the Humanities, teaching humanities to economically disadvantaged people in Harlem. Dr. Kittay's current primary research interests are Buddhist philosophy and tantra, hermeneutic yoga, and consciousness studies. (Source: Columbia University, Accessed July 27, 2024) | |
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