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Drupa Rinpoche Lobsang Yeshi who is 7th in the lineage of Drupa Rinpoches, is the head of Drupa Monastery in Kham, Eastern Tibet. The present Drupa Rinpoche was born in India and recognized by His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama in the year of 1988 as the reincarnation of 6th Drupa Rinpoche Shedrup Tenpai Gyaltsen.
Drupa Rinpoche joined Drepung Loselling Monastery in 1988 and completed his monastic studies by receiving his Geshe degree in 2005. Rinpoche is tri-lingual (Tibetan, English and Hindi) which enabled him to successfully pursue a Bachelor in Psychology (Hons) degree from HELP University, Malaysia and thereafter, a Master of Science in Positive Psychology (MSPP) from Life University, GA, USA. Rinpoche presented his research paper titled “Are materialism and spirituality two sides of the happiness coin? A mixed-methods study” at the 31st International Congress of Psychology (ICP), Yokohama, Japan. Rinpoche has been inducted as a member of Psy Chi, the International Honor Society in Psychology. ([https://www.khacholing.org/w/teachers/drupa-rinpoche-lobsang-yeshi-bio/ Source Accessed Oct 28, 2021]) +
Prof. Yadunātha Prasād Dubey holds an MA and D. Phil in Sanskrit and is Āchārya in Sāhitya, Pāli, Prākrit, and Jaināgama, Sāhityaratna.He is a professor of Bauddha Darshan Sampurnanand Sanskrit University, Varanasi. +
PhD student under Matthew Kapstein at the École Pratique des Hautes Études. +
Douglas Duckworth, Ph.D. (Virginia, 2005) is Professor at Temple University and the Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Religion. His papers have appeared in numerous journals and books, including the ''Blackwell Companion to Buddhist Philosophy'', ''Sophia'', ''Philosophy East & West'', the ''Journal for the American Academy of Religion'', ''Asian Philosophy'', and the ''Journal of Contemporary Buddhism''. Duckworth is the author of ''Mipam on Buddha-Nature: The Ground of the Nyingma Tradition'' (SUNY 2008) and ''Jamgön Mipam: His Life and Teachings'' (Shambhala 2011). He also introduced and translated ''Distinguishing the Views and Philosophies: Illuminating Emptiness in a Twentieth-Century Tibetan Buddhist Classic'' by Bötrül (SUNY 2011). He is a co-author of ''Dignāga’s Investigation of the Percept: A Philosophical Legacy in India and Tibet'' (Oxford 2016) and co-editor of ''Buddhist Responses to Religious Diversity: Theravāda and Tibetan Perspectives'' (Equinox 2020). He also is the co-editor, with Jonathan Gold, of ''Readings of Śāntideva’s Guide to Bodhisattva Practice (Bodhicaryāvatāra)'' (CUP 2019). His latest works include ''Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy of Mind and Nature'' (OUP 2019) and a translation of an overview of the Wisdom Chapter of the ''Way of the Bodhisattva'' by Künzang Sönam, entitled ''The Profound Reality of Interdependence'' (OUP 2019). Doctor Duckworth received the first '''Distinguished Research Grant in Tibetan Buddhist Studies''' from Tsadra Foundation for 2020-2023. (Source: Duckworth, January 28, 2021) +
Né et vivant à Genève, Jérôme Ducor s'est initié aux études bouddhiques à l'Université de Lausanne, avant de poursuivre par une licence en histoire des religions et un doctorat en japonologie à l'Université de Genève. Il s'est spécialisé dans le bouddhisme japonais, notamment à l'Université Ryukoku (Kyoto), où il est chercheur invité permanent du Bukkyô-bunka-kenkyûsho.
En outre, il a reçu l'ordination et la maîtrise de l'école bouddhique Jodo-Shinshu, au Hompa-Honganji (Kyôto). Il est actuellement le résident du temple Shingyoji de Genève.
De 1992 à 1993, il a enseigné les religions extrême-orientales à l'Université McGill (Montréal). Privat-docent à la section de langues et civilisations orientales de l'Université de Lausanne (UNIL) depuis 1993, il est le conservateur du département Asie du Musée d'ethnographie de la Ville de Genève (MEG) depuis 1995. [http://www.pitaka.ch/ducbio.htm Source]
Born and living in Geneva, Jerome Ducor studied Buddhism at Lausanne University. He graduated thereafter in religious studies and passed his doctorate in japonology at Geneva University. He specialized in japanese Buddhism at Ryukoku University and received ordination and master in the Jodo-Shinshu school of Buddhism at Hompa-Honganji (Kyoto). He presently acts as the resident minister at Shingyoji temple in Geneva.
From 1992 to 1993 he has been teaching East-Asian religions at McGill University (Montreal).
Teaching as a privat-docent at the Department of Oriental Languages and Civilizations of Lausanne University since 1993, he is the curator of the Asia Department of Geneva's Ethnographic Museum since 1995. +
Kyabje Dudjom Rinpoche or Dudjom Jikdral Yeshe Dorje (Tib. བདུད་འཇོམས་འཇིགས་བྲལ་ཡེ་ཤེས་རྡོ་རྗེ་, Wyl. bdud 'joms 'jigs bral ye shes rdo rje) (1904-1987) — one of Tibet’s foremost yogins, scholars, and meditation masters. He was recognized as the incarnation of Dudjom Lingpa (1835-1904), whose previous incarnations included the greatest masters, yogins and panditas such as Shariputra, Saraha and Khye'u Chung Lotsawa. Considered to be the living representative of Padmasambhava, he was a great revealer of the ‘treasures’ (terma) concealed by Padmasambhava. A prolific author and meticulous scholar, Dudjom Rinpoche wrote more than forty volumes, one of the best known of which is his monumental ''The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism: Its Fundamentals and History''. Over the last decade of his life he spent much time teaching in the West, where he helped to establish the Nyingma tradition, founding major centres in France and the United States. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Dudjom_Rinpoche Source Accessed Feb 20, 2020]) +
Dudjom Sangye Pema Shepa (1990-2022) was the head of the Dudjom Tersar tradition and a reincarnation of [[Dudjom Jikdral Yeshe Dorje]] who resided mainly in Tibet and Nepal.
See the official [https://www.dudjominternationalfoundation.com Dudjom International Foundation website] for more
:Also see [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Dudjom_Sangye_Pema_Shepa_Rinpoche the Rigpa Wiki Entry]
Dudjom Rinpoche III first traveled to the west in 2018 and visited the United States of America and Canada. (He bestowed the entire Dudjom Tersar cycle of empowerments at Pema Osel Ling in California in 2018.) In 2019 he made his first trip to Spain, Switzerland, France, and Russia and took leadership of a Dudjom center in Valencia, Spain. Up until 2018, Dudjom Rinpoche III had passed his time devoutly focused on practicing and training in Tibet and Nepal. All of this happened under the close supervision of Chatral Sangye Dorje who personally taught him to read and write. It was Chatral who instructed Dudjom Yangsi to undertake a traditional three-year retreat at the famous hermitage of Gangri Tokar in Tibet, which he began in 2008 and completed in 2011. Dudjom Rinpoche III has visited many of the most important Buddhist pilgrimage sites in Tibet, China, Nepal, Spiti and Bhutan. His principal seats are in Nepal and Tibet. ([https://www.dudjominternationalfoundation.com/hh-dudjom-rinpoche-iii-sangye-pema-shepa/ Source Accessed Feb 18, 2022])
'''Official Statement on the passing of His Holiness the 3rd Dudjom Rinpoche from [http://www.dunzhuxinbaozang.com/ Dudjom Labrang]:'''
Attention all sublime beings spreading and upholding the precious Buddhadharma, the general sangha, and in particular all students in monasteries and Dharma centers of the New Treasures of Düdjom:
As everyone knows, the one whose name is hard to say except for good reason, His Holiness Düdjom Rinpoche Sangyé Pema Shepa, never had any kind of sickness from the time he was young up until now. On the evening of the Tibetan 13th he said, “Tomorrow I want to rest and relax. Please all of you be quiet and take care.” Then he went into his bedroom. At that time there was nothing out of the ordinary. The next day, the 14th day of the 12th month of the Tibetan Iron Ox year, when going to call him for his morning tea and breakfast, totally unbelievably, he had passed into parinirvana, to benefit other beings.
From the perspective of disciples who grasp to permanence, it seems the external appearance of his rüpakaya, his precious form body, has subsided into the great expanse of primordially pure inner space. Right now, his radiant countenance has not declined at all, and he is resting in meditation.
Later, once his meditation releases, his precious kaya will be taken to Zheyu Monastery (Xie Wu Temple) and there, for forty-nine days, Dorsem Lama Chödpa (''Offering to the Lama as Vajrasattva'') will be offered to fully perfect his wisdom intentions such that there will be no obstacles for traversing the grounds and paths, and his transcendence state of realization will be completely perfected without any hindrance.
For all his vast intentions for the teachings of Buddha and sentient beings to be accomplished, in India, Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim, Tibet and countries all over the world, Düdjom Tersar monasteries and all students should please practice guru yoga, the rituals of Lama Chödpa and so on and perform as much virtuous activity as possible to fulfill his wisdom intentions, along with making vast prayers and aspirations.
All those left behind in the Düdjom Labrang are making this earnest request.
Lama Tony is a very well-known practitioner, scholar, and translator who has spent over forty years of his life fully dedicated to studying, practising, teaching, and translating the Buddhist teachings. He has been a full-time Buddhist practitioner-scholar since 1973. He was a member of Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche's Nalanda Translator Committee in which he retains honorary status. He was Tsoknyi Rinpoche's personal translator during the 1990's and has translated orally and in writing for many other great teachers during the years. He has been a member of several translation committees and has published or been involved in the publication of many Tibetan Buddhist texts.
Based on his long experience with Kagyu teachings, he has prepared many books on the Kagyu view, called "Other Emptiness", and on Mahamudra and the Kagyu teaching of it.
Tony has spent decades with the Nyingma teachings. In particular, he spent long periods in Tibet, receiving and practising the highest Dzogchen teachings in retreat. He has made a point of translating the key texts of the system for others who need accurate, reliable, and in-depth information about the practices of Dzogchen. His translation of the ultimate text of Longchen Nyingthig, known in Tibetan as "triyig yeshe lama" or "Guidebook to Highest Wisdom", has been highly praised by Tibetan teachers. <br>([https://www.amazon.com/-/es/Tony-Duff/e/B004O56VFK?ref=sr_ntt_srch_lnk_1&qid=1599063446&sr=8-1 Source Accessed Sep 2, 2020]) +
Dungkar Lobzang Trinle was one of the so-called "Three Great Scholars" in the second half of the twentieth century, together with Tseten Zhabdrung and Muge Samten, credited with reinstituting scholastic Buddhism and Tibetology as an academic discipline in China. Trained in Lhasa in the 1940s and 1950s, he survived the Cultural Revolution to serve at high levels of the Chinese government in the service of Buddhist learning and Tibetan cultural history more generally. His most famous publication is the ''Dungkar Encyclopedia''. (Source: [https://treasuryoflives.org/zh/biographies/view/Eighth-Dunkar-Dungkar-Lobzang-Trinle/2419 Treasury of Lives.org]) +
John Dunne was educated at Amherst College and Harvard University, where he received his Ph.D. from the Committee on the Study of Religion. Before joining the Emory community, he served on the faculty of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and he previously conducted research at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland and Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies (India). His work focuses on Buddhist philosophy and contemplative practice, and he is a co-director of Emory's Collaborative for Contemplative Studies as well as the Encyclopedia of Contemplative Practices. His current research focuses especially on the concept of "mindfulness" in both theoretical and practical contexts. +
Nalinaksha Dutt (1893–1973), was an Indian scholar of Buddhism, professor of Sanskrit and Pali at the University of Calcutta and chaired The Asiatic Society, among other representative functions, as Vice-President of the Maha Bodhi Society. He was also a politician who served as Member of Parliament, representing West Bengal in the Rajya Sabha the upper house of India's Parliament representing the Indian National Congress. He is the author of numerous books on Buddhism.
Nalinaksha Dutt was born on 4 December 1893. He did his undergraduate studies at Chittagong College and the Presidency University, Kolkata. Initially interested in mathematics and physics, he was a student of Ashutosh Mukherjee, before discovering the Sanskrit and Pali languages with scholar Satish Chandra Vidyabhusan who also introduced him to Indian and Tibetan Buddhist texts. After graduation, he became a professor of Sanskrit and Pali at Judson College (which later, in 1920, became part of the University of Yangon). But Ashutosh Mukherjee, as a wise educator, perceived Dutt's real abilities and persuaded him to return to Calcutta in order to deepen his studies on Buddhism from the Sanskrit source texts, because at that time, most of the known Buddhist texts were translations from Tibetan. He met the scholar Sarat Chandra Das and the tibetan translator Kazi Dawa Samdup and they worked together.
In appreciation of Dutt’s researches in both the schools of buddhism, Calcutta University awarded him the Premchand Roychand Scholarship award and the doctor’s degree. Then he went to London, being admitted to the School of Oriental Studies, to prepare the D. Littérature, specialty Buddhism in Sanskrit. However, in the absence of a British Sanskrit scholar able to direct his work, the Belgian Indologist Louis de La Vallée-Poussin took on the task. Thus Dutt lived most of his time in Brussels, near his research master.
He defended his thesis in 1930, entitled: Aspects of Mahayana Buddhism and its relationship with the Hinayana, before renowned Western scholars, including Lionel Barnett, Fyodor Shcherbatskoy, who praised his work. His later works will be the subject of publications (the main ones are listed in the rest of the article), which will make him, with Lokesh Chandra, one of the main Indian scholars in Buddhism.
He has held many official positions: President (1959–1961), and Vice-President of The Asiatic Society, Vice-president of the Maha Bodhi Society (1959–1973). ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nalinaksha_Dutt Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022])
Dr. Sukumar Dutt (M.A., Ph.D.) was a reputed Buddhist scholar whose previous works include ''Early Buddhist Monachism'' and ''The Buddha and Five After-Centuries''. ([https://www.exoticindiaart.com/book/details/buddhist-monks-and-monasteries-of-india-their-history-and-their-contribution-to-indian-culture-IDD463/ Source Accessed Apr 21, 2021]) +
Professor Melnick Dyer specializes in the history of Tibetan and Chinese Buddhism, with a focus on the uses of hagiography and revelatory literature in the historical record. She enjoys teaching a wide range of courses in Asian Religious traditions. Her research considers questions at the intersection of authority, gender, privilege, and the role of the religious institution in Tibetan and Chinese literature and society, and she writes about how women exercise authority in these contexts. Her current work focuses on the life of Mingyur Peldron (Tib. mi ‘gyur dpal sgron), an 18th century female Buddhist leader and teacher. ([https://www.bates.edu/faculty-expertise/profile/alison-melnick/ Source: Bates College]) +
Dzigar Kongtrul Rinpoche (b.1964) — the present Dzigar Kongtrul, Jigme Namgyel (འཛི་སྒར་ཀོང་སྤྲུལ་འཇིགས་མེད་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་, Wyl. 'dzi sgar kong sprul 'jigs med rnam rgyal), was born in Northern India, shortly before the Tibetan community settlement at Bir was established by his father, the third Neten Chokling Rinpoche. When Rinpoche was just nine years old, his father passed away. Soon after this His Holiness Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche recognized him as an emanation of Jamgön Kongtrul the Great and His Holiness the 16th Karmapa confirmed this. He was soon enthroned at Chokling Gompa in Bir.
Dzigar Kongtrul Rinpoche grew up in a monastic environment and received extensive training in all aspects of Buddhist doctrine. In particular, he received the teachings of the Nyingma lineage, especially those of the Longchen Nyingtik, from his root teacher, His Holiness Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. Rinpoche also studied extensively under Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche, Nyoshul Khen Rinpoche, and the great scholar Khenpo Rinchen.
Dzigar Kongtrul Rinpoche then moved to the United States in 1989 with his family and began a five-year tenure as a professor of Buddhist philosophy at Naropa University (then Institute) in 1990. Not long after arriving in the United States, he founded Mangala Shri Bhuti, an organization dedicated to furthering the practice of the Longchen Nyingtik lineage. He established a mountain retreat centre, Longchen Jigme Samten Ling, in southern Colorado, where he spends much of his time in retreat and guides students in long-term retreat practice.
Dzigar Kongtrul Rinpoche's students include Pema Chödrön, the best-selling buddhist author, his wife Elizabeth Mattis-Namgyel, and his son Dungse Jampal Norbu. He is also an avid painter in the abstract expressionist tradition. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Dzigar_Kongtrul_Rinpoche Source Accessed Dec 11, 2020]) +
Having received an intense and enlightening education with some of the most eminent masters of the 20th century, while still a teenager, Dzogchen Pema Kalsang Rinpoche became twelfth throne holder of Dzogchen Monastery. Throughout the bleak period of the 1960s and '70s, he managed to maintain and practice the Dharma in secret, and as soon as circumstances permitted, he completely rebuilt Dzogchen Monastery, Shirasing Buddhist College, and established the Lotus Ground Great Perfection Retreat Centre. He now devotes his time to teaching Dzogpa Chenpo to tens of thousands of studetns from all over the world, and to date, thirty-two volumes of his teachings have been published in Tibetan. (Source: [[Introduction to the Nature of Mind (Dzogchen Pema Kalsang)]] (2019), translated by [[Christian Stewart]]. +
The 7th Dzogchen Ponlop (Karma Sungrap Ngedön Tenpa Gyaltsen, born 1965) is an abbot of Dzogchen Monastery, founder and spiritual director of Nalandabodhi, founder of Nītārtha Institute for Higher Buddhist Studies, a leading Tibetan Buddhist scholar, and a meditation master. He is one of the highest tülkus in the Nyingma lineage and an accomplished Karma Kagyu lineage holder.
Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche was born in 1965 at Rumtek Monastery (Dharma Chakra Center) in Sikkim, India. His birth was prophesied by the supreme head of the Kagyu lineage, Rangjung Rigpe Dorje, 16th Karmapa, to Ponlop Rinpoche's parents, Dhamchö Yongdu, the General Secretary of the Sixteenth Gyalwang Karmapa, and his wife, Lekshey Drolma. Upon his birth, he was recognized by the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa as the seventh in the line of Dzogchen Ponlop incarnations and was formally enthroned as the Seventh Dzogchen Ponlop at Rumtek Monastery in 1968.[1]
After receiving Buddhist refuge and bodhisattva vows from the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa, Dzogchen Ponlop was ordained as a novice monk in 1974. He subsequently received full ordination and became a bhikṣu, although he later returned his vows and is now a lay teacher.
Rinpoche received teachings and empowerments from the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa, Dilgo Khyentse, Kalu Rinpoche, Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche, Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche (chief Abbot of the Kagyu lineage), Alak Zenkar Rinpoche, and Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche, his root guru.
Ponlop Rinpoche began studying Buddhist philosophy at the primary school in Rumtek at age 12. In 1979 (when Rinpoche was fourteen), the 16th Karmapa proclaimed Ponlop Rinpoche to be a heart son of the Gyalwang Karmapa and a holder of his Karma Kagyu lineage. In 1980 on his first trip to the West, he accompanied the Sixteenth Gyalwang Karmapa to Europe, United States, Canada, and Southeast Asia. While serving as the Karmapa's attendant, he also gave dharma teachings and assisted in ceremonial roles during these travels.[2]
In 1981, he entered the monastic college at Rumtek, Karma Shri Nalanda Institute for Higher Buddhist Studies where he studied the fields of Buddhist philosophy, psychology, logic, and debate. During his time at Rumtek, Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche worked for the Students' Welfare Union, served as head librarian, and was the chief-editor of the Nalandakirti Journal, an annual publication which brings together Eastern and Western views on Buddhism. Rinpoche graduated in 1990 as Ka-rabjampa from Karma Shri Nalanda Institute for Higher Buddhist Studies in Rumtek Monastery. (Ka-rabjampa means "one with unobstructed knowledge of scriptures", the Kagyu equivalent of the Sakya and Gelug's geshe degree.) He simultaneously earned the degree of Acharya, or Master of Buddhist Philosophy, from Sampurnanant Sanskrit University. Dzogchen Ponlop has also completed studies in English and comparative religion at Columbia University in New York City. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzogchen_Ponlop_Rinpoche Source Accessed Nov 19, 2019])
For further information about Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche, visit his [https://dpr.info/ Official Website]
Dānapāla. (C. Shihu; J. Sego; K. Siho 施護) (d.u.; fl. c. 980 CE). In Sanskrit, lit. "Protector of Giving"; one of the last great Indian translators of Buddhist texts into Chinese. A native of Oḍḍiyāna in the Gandhāra region of India, he was active in China during the Northern Song dynasty. At the order of the Song Emperor Taizhong (r. 960–997), he was installed in a translation bureau to the west of the imperial monastery of Taiping Xingguosi (in Yuanzhou, present-day Jiangxi province), where he and his team are said to have produced some 111 translations in over 230 rolls. His translations include texts from the prajñāpāramitā, Madhyamaka, and tantric traditions, including the ''Aṣṭasāhasrikāprajñāpāramitā'', ''Suvarṇaprabhāsottamasūtra'', ''Sarvatathāgatatattvasaṃgraha'', ''Hevajratantra'', Nāgārjuna's ''Yuktiṣaṣtikā'' and ''Dharmadhātustava'', and Kamalaśīla's ''Bhāvanākrama'', as well as several dhāraṇī texts. (Source: "Dānapāla." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 212. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
Dōgen Zenji (道元禅師; 19 January 1200– 22 September 1253), also known as Dōgen Kigen (道元希玄), Eihei Dōgen (永平道元), Kōso Jōyō Daishi (高祖承陽大師), or Busshō Dentō Kokushi (仏性伝東国師), was a Japanese Buddhist priest, writer, poet, philosopher, and founder of the Sōtō school of Zen in Japan.
Originally ordained as a monk in the Tendai School in Kyoto, he was ultimately dissatisfied with its teaching and traveled to China to seek out what he believed to be a more authentic Buddhism. He remained there for five years, finally training under Tiantong Rujing, an eminent teacher of the Chinese Caodong lineage. Upon his return to Japan, he began promoting the practice of zazen (sitting meditation) through literary works such as ''Fukan zazengi'' and ''Bendōwa''.
He eventually broke relations completely with the powerful Tendai School, and, after several years of likely friction between himself and the establishment, left Kyoto for the mountainous countryside where he founded the monastery Eihei-ji, which remains the head temple of the Sōtō school today.
Dōgen is known for his extensive writing including his most famous work, the collection of 95 essays called the ''[[Shōbōgenzō]]'', but also ''Eihei Kōroku'', a collection of his talks, poetry, and commentaries, and ''Eihei Shingi'', the first Zen monastic code written in Japan, among others. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%8Dgen Source Accessed Jan 9, 2020]) +
E
Malcolm David Eckel is Professor of Religion and Director of the Institute for Philosophy and Religion at Boston University. He received a B.A. from Harvard, a B.A. and M.A. from Oxford, and a Ph.D. in the Study of Religion from Harvard. His scholarly interests include the history of Buddhist philosophy in India and Tibet, the relationship between Buddhism and other Indian religions, the expansion and adaptation of Buddhism in Asia and the West, Buddhist narrative traditions and their relationship to Buddhist ethics, and the connection between philosophical theory and religious practice. His teaching at Boston University has been recognized by the Metcalf Award for Teaching Excellence (1998), and he has served as the Distinguished Teaching Professor of the Humanities (2002-5). He also has served as Assistant Dean and Director of the Core Curriculum (2007-13), an integrated program in the liberal arts for first- and second-year students in the College of Arts and Sciences.
His publications include ''Bhāviveka and His Buddhist Opponents'' (Harvard); ''Buddhism: Origins, Beliefs, Practices, Holy Texts, Sacred Places'' (Oxford); ''To See the Buddha: A Philosopher’s Quest for the Meaning of Emptiness'' (Princeton); ''Jñānagarbha’s Commentary on the Distinction Between the Two Truths: An Eighth-Century Handbook of Madhyamaka Philosophy'' (State University of New York); and “Is There a Buddhist Philosophy of Nature?” in ''Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Buddhism and Ecology'' (Harvard Center for the Study of World Religions). He is the editor of two volumes of essays: ''India and The West: The Problem of Understanding'' (Harvard Center for the Study of World Religions) and ''Deliver Us from Evil'' (Continuum).
Before joining the faculty at Boston University, he served as Associate Professor at Harvard Divinity School and as Administrative Director of the Harvard Center for the Study of World Religions. He recently returned to Harvard to serve on the Visiting Committee of Harvard Divinity School. In 2013, he was invited to deliver a series of lectures entitled “Modes of Recognition: Aspects of Theory in Mahayana Buddhist Narrative” as Visiting Professor in Buddhist Studies at the University of Sydney, Australia. ([https://www.bu.edu/religion/faculty/m-david-eckel/ Source Accessed July 14, 2023])
William teaches on the history of Western philosophy, non-Western philosophy, and contemporary thought. His courses often engage disciplines outside of philosophy, including literature and art, the cognitive and behavioral sciences, Asian studies, religious studies, and environmental studies. Recent courses have included: Hegel’s ''Phenomenology'' of Spirit; Antigone and Philosophy; Understanding Happiness: Philosophy, Religion, Science; Emptiness and Form: Philosophical and Literary Expressions of the Dharma; The Genealogy of Race; Moral Theory and Contemporary Science; Critical Theory From Marx to Nancy Fraser; Environmental Philosophy; Interdisciplinary Seminar on Climate Change; Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Attention, Mindfulness, and Contemplation; Heidegger’s ''Being and Time''; Philosophy of Place; and Philosophy of Art and Aesthetics.<br> William has published widely in Buddhist philosophy, environmental philosophy, and 20th-century European philosophy. Recent projects include work on: phenomenology and climate ethics; rethinking faith and reason in Indian Buddhism; Buddhism and human dignity; the limits of language; deep time; and happiness and the science of meditation. His work has been supported by grants from the Templeton Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities. He currently serves as chair of the board of directors of the International Association of Environmental Philosophy and co-editor of the journal Environmental Philosophy. William is also co-editor of Buddhist Philosophy: Essential Readings (Oxford University Press, 2009), the Oxford Handbook of World Philosophy (Oxford University Press, 2011), and Facing Nature: Levinas and Environmental Thought. William also serves on the editorial boards for a number of journals. For more on his scholarly work, see a recent interview William did with 3:AM Magazine and another with Insight Journal, or this conversation with William on the Imperfect Buddha Podcast. ([https://www.marlboro.edu/live/profiles/16-william-edelglass Source Accessed May 7, 2020])
Joseph Edkins (19 December 1823 – 23 April 1905) was a British Protestant missionary who spent 57 years in China, 30 of them in Beijing. As a Sinologue, he specialised in Chinese religions. He was also a linguist, a translator, and a philologist. Writing prolifically, he penned many books about the Chinese language and the Chinese religions especially Buddhism. In his ''China's Place in Philology'' (1871), he tries to show that the languages of Europe and Asia have a common origin by comparing the Chinese and Indo-European vocabulary. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Edkins Source Accessed Apr 22, 2022]) +
Heinrich Julius Eggeling (1842–1918) was Professor of Sanskrit at the University of Edinburgh from 1875 to 1914, second holder of its Regius Chair of Sanskrit, and Secretary of the Royal Asiatic Society, London.
Eggeling was translator and editor of the Satapatha Brahmana in 5 volumes of the monumental Sacred Books of the East series edited by Max Müller, author of the main article on Sanskrit in the Encyclopædia Britannica, and curator of the University Library from 1900 to 1913. In August 1914 he left for a vacation in his native Germany, but because of World War I, he was unable to return before his death in 1918. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Eggeling Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021]) +
Franz-Karl Ehrhard is a German Tibetologist. He teaches at the University of Munich, where he is a professor at the Institute of Tibetology and Buddhist Studies. His research focuses on religious and literary traditions in Tibet and the Himalayas (Nepal, Sikkim, and Bhutan). ([https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz-Karl_Ehrhard&prev=search Source Accessed Jun 7, 2019]) +
Halvor Eifring, PhD (born 1960 in Norway) is the general secretary of Acem International and the head of Acem Norway. He learned Acem Meditation in 1976, became an instructor in 1979 and an initiator in 2001. He started Acem in Taiwan and has taught and lectured on Acem Meditation in 11 countries in Europe, Asia and America.
He has co-authored the book ''Acem Meditation: An Introductory Companion'' (with Dr. Are Holen) and written several articles on Acem Meditation and related topics. He is one of the editors of Acem's quarterly journal ''Dyade''.
Dr. Eifring is Professor of Chinese at the University of Oslo, Norway. He has published books and articles on Chinese language and literature and is currently leading a research project on the cultural history of meditation. He is married and lives in Oslo, Norway. ([https://acem.com/allobjects/acemperson/halvor_eifring Source Accessed May 19, 2021]) +
Helmut Eimer, Ph.D. (1974) in Indology, Tibetan and Oriental Art History, University of Bonn, is a senior researcher (emeritus) at that same university. He has published extensively on, e.g. the life of Atisha (Dipankarashrijnana), Kanjur transmission, collections of Tibetan manuscripts and blockprints. His most recent work is ''The Early Mustang Kanjur Catalogue'' (dkar chag) (Vienna, 1999). ([https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Many_Canons_of_Tibetan_Buddhism.html?id=jubNIsX6P50C Source Accessed Feb 22, 2021]) +
David Ellerton grew up in Denver, Colorado, and took his first Shambhala Training level in 1995 after reading several of Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche’s books. A few years later he met Sakyong Mipham Rinpoche in Boulder and in 1999 participated in Seminary and Warriors Assembly. The following year he attended Kalapa Assembly. After a year on staff at Shambhala Mountain Center, he travelled with the Sakyong as a Continuity Kusung and Secretary (2001-2002). In 2004 he moved to Japan, where he taught English and continued his study of Japanese and Aikido, which he began practicing as an undergraduate student in Boulder.
Upon returning to the United States he enrolled in [[Naropa University]]’s M.A. program in Indo-Tibetan Buddhism (Shedra Track), and began his study of Tibetan. During this time he received the Vajrayogini Abhisheka from the Sakyong. After graduating, he spent much of 2008 in both India and Nepal studying Tibetan and receiving commentary on the Uttaratantra Shastra at Pullahari Monastery. In 2008 he began a Ph.D. program in Religious Studies at [[University of California, Santa Barbara]]. He is currently a Ph.D. Candidate at UCSB and is conducting his dissertation research on Tibetan prophecy (lung bstan) at the [[Central University of Tibetan Studies]] in India.
([http://nalandatranslation.org/who-we-are/members/david-ellerton/ Source Accessed May 26, 2015]) +
Kadam Neil Elliot is the resident teacher at KMC London, and, also, the teacher of the STTP (special teacher training program).
Kadam Neil has been a student of Venerable Geshe Kelsang Gyatso Rinpoche for nearly 40 years and has worked closely with him on editing and translating many of his books. He is a senior teacher who teaches the Special Teacher Training Programme at KMC London with over 800 people around the world studying on the programme by correspondence. ([https://meditaenmenorca.org/kadam-neil-elliot/?lang=en Source Accessed May 24, 2021]) +
Vincent Eltschinger is Professor for Indian Buddhism at the École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL Research University, Paris. His research work focuses on the religious background, the apologetic dimensions and the intellectual genealogy of late Indian Buddhist philosophy. His publications include numerous books and articles dedicated to various aspects of the Indian Buddhists’ polemical interaction with orthodox Brahmanism from Aśvaghoṣa to late Indian Buddhist epistemologists. Mention can be made of Penser l’autorité des Écritures (2007), Caste and Buddhist Philosophy (2012), Buddhist Epistemology as Apologetics (2014), Self, No-Self and Salvation (2013, together with Isabelle Ratié). Vincent Eltschinger has been teaching at various universities including Budapest, Lausanne, Leiden, Leipzig, Tokyo, Venice, Vienna, and Zurich. ([https://ephe.academia.edu/VincentEltschinger Source Accessed March 18, 2019]) +
Steven M. Emmanuel is Professor of Philosophy at Virginia Wesleyan College, USA. He is the author of ''Kierkegaard and the Logic of Revelation'' (1996) and editor of two previous volumes with Blackwell: ''The Guide to the Modern Philosophers: From Descartes to Nietzsche'' (2001) and ''Modern Philosophy: An Anthology'' (2002). In 2008, he produced and directed an award-winning documentary film entitled ''Making Peace with Viet Nam''. ([https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781118324004 Source Accessed May 17, 2021]) +
EMMERICK, RONALD ERIC, (b. Sydney, 9 March 1937; d. Hamburg, 31 August 2001), distinguished Australian scholar of the ancient civilizations and languages of Iran, India, and Tibet. He was the only son of Eric Steward Emmerick (1905-67) and Myrtle Caroline Emmerick, née Smith (1908-72). Prompted by his keen interest in languages and their history, he studied Latin, Greek, French, and German at Sydney University (1955-58), where he also attended an unofficial Sanskrit course offered by the classicist and linguist Athanasius Pryor Treweek. He took his B.A. degree with First Class Honors and received the University Medal for Classics with a thesis on “Mycenaean Morphology.” Subsequently he was appointed as a teaching fellow in the Latin department in 1959. His choice to write his thesis on Mycenaean Greek, whose script, Linear B, had only been deciphered in 1953, attests to his intellectual curiosity and shows how he was attracted by little explored subjects whose study could open up new vistas and deepen our knowledge of history in general. His chosen field of research, however, to which he devoted most of his life, was to be the Khotanese language and texts. He first heard of this language when, in Sydney, at the age of twenty-two, he read Harold Walter Bailey’s 1938 inaugural lecture, “The Content of Indian and Iranian Studies.” He was so impressed by this lecture that he decided to study Khotanese with Bailey at Cambridge University. There, he first completed his studies in Classics and was instructed in Iranian and Indian studies by Bailey, receiving the Brotherton Sanskrit Prize, the Bhaonagar Medal for Sanskrit and the Rapson Scholarship. Then, in the years 1963-65, he wrote his doctoral dissertation entitled "Indo-Iranian Studies: Saka Grammar" and took his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in 1965. In the meantime, he had been elected research fellow at St. John’s College, Cambridge (1964-67) and lecturer in Iranian Studies at the School of Oriental and African Studies of the University of London (1964-71). In addition, he taught Sanskrit at Cambridge while Bailey was on a sabbatical leave (1965-66). He subsequently revised and enlarged his dissertation and published it under the title Saka Grammatical Studies (1968f), which became an indispensable reference work for both ancient and modern Iranian studies.
(Read more [https://iranicaonline.org/articles/emmerick-ronald-eric-scholar here])
Professor Endo is Visiting Professor, and formerly an Associate Professor at the Centre of Buddhist Studies (CBS), The University of Hong Kong. He was a full Professor at the Postgraduate Institute of Pali and Buddhist Studies, University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka. His major publications include ''Dāna: The Development of Its Concept and Practice'' (1987), ''The Pāli Aṭṭhakathā Correspondence Table'' (co-compiled) (PTS, 1994), ''Buddha in Theravāda Buddhism: A Study of the Concept of Buddha in the Pāli Commentaries'' (1997, 2002), ''Studies in Pāli Commentarial Literature: Sources, Controversies, and Insights'' (CBS, 2013), and two more works awaiting publication, ''The Buddha in the Theravāda Exegetical Literature: His Knowledge and Physical Attributes'', (to be published shortly) and ''The All-Pleasing: A Commentary on the Rules of Discipline'' (Shan-Chien-Lu-P’i-P’o-Sha 善見律毘婆沙), Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research, Berkeley, USA (co-translated, to be published in 2020). He has also many internationally acclaimed research articles to his credit. ([https://www.buddhism.hku.hk/conference2019/speakers.html#endo Source Accessed May 19, 2021]) +
Artemus B. Engle began studying the Tibetan language in Howell, New Jersey in early 1971 at Labsum Shedrup Ling, the precursor of the Tibetan Buddhist Learning Center. In 1972 he became a student of Sera Mey Khensur Lobsang Tharchin Rinpoche, a relationship that spanned more than thirty years. In 1975 he enrolled in the Buddhist Studies program at the University of Wisconsin in Madison and received a PhD in 1983. Since the mid-1980s he taught Tibetan language and Buddhist doctrine at the Mahayana Sutra and Tantra Center in Howell, New Jersey. In 2005 he became a Tsadra Foundation Translation Fellow and has worked primarily on the ''Pañcaskandhaprakarana'' and the ''Bodhisattvabhūmi''. +
Elizabeth English (Locana) received her MA and PhD in Classical Indian Religion from Oxford University and is a member of the Western Buddhist Order. She is the founder and director of Life at Work, a right-livelihood business that provides consultancy and training for supporting people, teams, and organizations through communication skills and conflict resolution. ([https://www.amazon.com/Vajrayogini-Visualization-Rituals-Studies-Buddhism/dp/086171329X Source: Amazon Page]) +
Kazuo Enoki was born in Kobe city in 1913 and was an educator and historian. In 1955 he became a Professor of Tokyo University. He studied mainly Central Asia under guidance of Shiratori Kurakichi. Besides this, he wrote several historical books about China and Japan. In 1974, he was Director General of Toyo Bunko. Also, he was in England (1952-53) as guest professor of London University. He was related to [the] amassing of distinctive materials of Toyo Bunko after WW2, such as documents unearthed from Dunhuang and Turfan, Middle Eastern Documents, the Jesuitas na Asia from the Biblioteca de Ajuda in Lisbon, etc. In 1990. his bereaved donated his 30,000 books to Toyo Bunko. ([http://www.toyo-bunko.or.jp/toyobunko-e/library3/shozou/enoki-e.html; http://www.toyo-bunko.or.jp/toyobunko-e/library3/shozou/enoki-e.html Adapted from Sources Mar 23, 2021]) +
Jacob Ensink was born in Hilversum on June 5, 1921. He earned his PhD from Utrecht University under the supervision of Jan Gonda in 1952. From 1954-1961 he was lecturer in Sanskrit at Groningen University. And from 1962-1984 he was professor of Sanskrit at the same institution. He became emeritus professor in 1984. ([https://www.dutchstudies-satsea.nl/deelnemers/ensink-jacob-jaap/ Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2021]) +
'Baatra' Erdene-Ochir is a Ph.D. student in Buddhist Studies. He received a bachelor's degree in philosophy from UCSB and a master's degree in theological studies from Harvard Divinity School. He is interested in Indo-Tibetan Buddhist philosophical polemics and the history of Buddhist scholastic traditions as well as monastic institutions in Tibet and Mongolia. ([https://www.religion.ucsb.edu/people/student/erdenebaatar-baatra-hehimhis-erdene-ochir/ Source Accessed June 9, 2021]) +
CAROL ERMAKOVA was born in Malaysia in 1967 and much of her first two years was spent travelling with her family before they returned to live in the UK.
Carol studied modern languages and literature at St. Andrews University, Scotland, graduating in 1992 with First Class Honours. She also holds an MA in Contemporary Russian Studies from SSEES, London University (1994), and an MA in Translation and Interpreting from Bath University (2005). She has worked as an English Language teacher in Italy, Russia and the UK, and has also assisted many Bönpo Geshes in their language studies, notably Geshe Gelek Jinpa, Ponlob Tsangpa Tenzin, Drubdra Khenpo Tsultrim Tenzin, Khenpo Rakhyung Kalsang Norbu.
Many of her literary translations have been published in journals such as The London Magazine, Litro and Steppe. Her work has also been included in anthologies such as Squaring the Circle, Winners of the Debut Prize, 2010 and Shadowplay on a Sunless Day. Carol currently works as a freelance, self-employed translator in the North Pennines, UK.
It was as a student in St. Andrews that she first became interested in Tibetan Buddhism when a friend took her to visit Karma Kargyu Samye Ling, Eskdalemuir, Scotland. Struck by the strong spiritual energy of the rituals, Carol returned several times to sit with the monks, first in the atmospheric puja room, then in the newly-built temple. It was not until 1994, however, that she received her first Buddhist teachings, from Chögyal Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche, in Ulaan Baatar, Mongolia.
Source [http://www.yungdrungbon.co.uk/CarolErmakova.html] +
DMITRY ERMAKOV was born in 1967 in Leningrad, Soviet Union, and trained as a classical musician from the age of six. He was raised in a highly cultural environment, attending after-school classes on ancient history, mythology and art history at the prestigious Hermitage Museum. During his summer holidays he often participated in archaeological digs led by his aunt, the former Head of Archaeology at Kiev University. In 1987 Dmitry joined the University of Leningrad's expedition to Khakassia near the Tuvan (Tyvan) border to excavate Scythian Kurgans. This was his first trip to Siberia.
His interest in Buddhism began in his childhood, with a book called Gods of the Lotus by Parfionov. The book details the author's trip to the Himalayas and it opened up a whole new world of deities and religions. Later, this interest was combined with martial arts based on Taoism and Zen philosophy, and Qi Gong, disciplines which were strictly forbidden in the Soviet Union. It was only with the coming of Perestroika in 1989 that Dmitry was able to meet Buddhist masters: receiving a blessing for the Lotus Sutra from a Japanese Zen master; and then teachings and initiations from a Tibetan Buddhist lamas: Bakula Rinpoche (1989), Khenchen Palden Sherab and Khenpo Tsewang Dongyal Rinpoches (1991), Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche (1992).
In 1993 Dmitry moved to the UK and in 1995 he met the great Bönpo master Yongdzin Lopon Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche. He has been practising Yungdrung Bon and attending Yongdzin Rinpoche's teachings ever since.
Dmitry first visited Buryatia in 1990 where he struck up a deep friendship with the Buddhist thangka-painter Batodalai Doogarov as well as with a several of the local bo and utgan shamans.
Welcomed into their circle, Dmitry was able to gain unique insight into the Buryatian spiritual tradition of Bo Murgel, insight which developed into a detailed study of the similarities and differences between this ancient tradition and Yungdrung Bon. With the patient help of Yongdzin Rinpoche, Dmitry spent years researching a large anthology, Bo and Bon: Ancient Shamanic Traditions of Siberia and Tibet in their Relation to the Teachings of a Central Asian Buddha, (2008), which sheds new light on both traditions.
Dmitry went on to study Tibetan at Oxford University with Prof. Charles Ramble (2009-2010) and, as well as having articles published in both English and Russian, has been invited to lecture in Oxford, London, St. Petersburg, Vilnius, Cagliari, Budapest etc. His knowledge of Tibetan brings a new level of scholarship to the books and transcripts he and his wife Carol produce for the international Bonpo sangha.
Dmitry currently lives in the North Pennines, UK, where he works as a freelance translator. Alongside his work for the Bon tradition, he is currently composing pieces for a new fusion album.
Dylan Esler is a scholar and translator of Tibetan Buddhist texts. He holds a PhD in Languages and Literature from the Université catholique de Louvain and an MA in Buddhist Studies from the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London. He currently works at the Center for Religious Studies (CERES) of the Ruhr-University Bochum and is also affiliated with the Oriental Institute of Louvain (CIOL). His research interest focuses on early rNying-ma expositions of rDzogs-chen and Tantra. ([https://rub.academia.edu/DylanEsler Academia.edu Source Accessed Nov 19, 2020]) +
Lama Tsering Everest was one of the main students of Chagdud Tulku Rinpoche, who recognized her as an emanation of Tara and a holder of the Red Tara lineage.
Born in the U.S.A., Lama Tsering has served Chagdud Tulku Rinpoche as his translator for more than 11 years. After completing a three year retreat in 1995, she was ordained as a lama and recognized by Chagdud Tulku Rinpoche as a holder of the Red Tara lineage, authorized to give teachings and empowerments. In the same year she was invited to teach in Brazil where she moved to shortly after.
She teaches and conducts retreats in many cities across Brazil, Chile, New Zealand and Australia as well as returning each year to fulfill the requests of her students in North America.
Lama Tsering is the resident lama and director of Chagdud Gonpa Odsal Ling in São Paulo and is currently coordinating the construction of Odsal Ling's temple in Cotia, Brasil, along with her husband Lama Padma Norbu. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Lama_Tsering_Everest Rigpa Wiki]) +
Ben Ewing is a member of the Dharmachakra Translation Committee and the Subashita Translation Group. He completed an MA thesis from Rangjung Yeshe Institute entitled "The Saraha of Tibet: How Mgur Shaped the Legacy of Lingchen Repa, Tibetan Siddha." +
F
Fahai. (J. Hōkai; K. Pǒphae 法海) (d.u.). In Chinese, "Sea of Dharma": a disciple of Huineng, the sixth patriarch (Liuzu) of the Chan zong. Fahai is said to have been the head monk of the monastery of Tafansi in Shaozhou Prefecture, where Huineng is presumed to have delivered a sermon on the "sudden" teachings
(dunjiao) of the Southern school (Nan zong) of Chan. Fahai is dubiously credited with compiling the written record of this sermon, the ''Liuzu tan jing'' ("Platform Sūtra of the Sixth Patriarch"). A rather late "brief preface” (luexu) to the ''Liuzu tan jing'' is also retrospectively attributed to Fahai. The story of this figure may have been based on a monk by the same name who was affiliated with the Niutou zong of Chan. (Source: "Fahai." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 289. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
Susanne Fairclough is an American Buddhist educator and practitioner of long-standing. After working as an editor and a writer for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Magazine, she studied Tibetan Buddhism for over 30 years. ([http://ibc.ac.th/en/node/2978 Source Accessed Apr 21, 2020])
To read a brief interview with Susanne Fairclough at The International Buddhist College [http://ibc.ac.th/en/node/2978 click here]. +
A monk and translator of the Western Jin apparently of unknown origin active between 290–306. A collaborator of Dharmarakṣa, who appears in the colophon of Dharmarakṣa's translation of the ''Lalitavistara'' and the ''Daśabhūmikasūtra''. (Source: Zürcher, ''The Buddhist Conquest of China'', 2007) Twenty-four texts are attributed to him in the Taisho canon. (See [http://www.acmuller.net/descriptive_catalogue/indexes/index-authors-editors-translators.html ''The Korean Buddhist Canon: A Descriptive Catalogue'']) +
Born in central India, Fatian (法天, ?-1001), or Dharmadeva, had been a monk in the Nālandā Monastery in the kingdom of Magadha. In 973, the sixth year of the Kaibao (開寶) years of the Northern Song Dynasty, he went to China and stayed in Pujin (蒲津), in Lu County (漉州). He translated the Sūtra of the Infinite-Life Resolute Radiance King Tathāgata Dhāraṇī, the Stanzas in Praise of the Seven Buddhas, and other texts. His translations were recorded and edited by Fajin (法進), an Indian monk of the Kaiyuan Temple (開元寺) in Hezhongfu (河中府).
In 980, the fifth year of the Taiping-Xinguo (太平興國) years, the county official presented a written recommendation of Fatian to Emperor Taizong (宋太宗). Very pleased with what he read in the report, the emperor summoned Fatian to the capital city and bestowed upon him the purple robe. Furthermore, he decreed the building of an institute for sūtra translation. In 982, at the command of the emperor, Fatian, Tianxizai (天息災), Shihu (施護), and others moved into the institute, starting to translate the Sanskrit texts each had brought. In the seventh month, Fatian completed his translation of the Mahāyāna Sūtra of the Holy Auspicious Upholding-the-World Dhāranī. Then the emperor named him Great Master of Transmission of Teachings. Between 982 and 1000, he translated forty-six sūtras. Fatian died in 1001, the fourth year of the Xianping (咸平) years, his age unknown. The emperor conferred upon him a posthumous title, Great Master of Profound Enlightenment. ([http://www.buddhism.org/Sutras/3/translators.html Source Accessed Aug 25, 2021]) +
Bernard Faure, Kao Professor in Japanese Religion, received his Ph.D. (Doctorat d’Etat) from Paris University (1984). He is interested in various aspects of East Asian Buddhism, with an emphasis on Chan/Zen and Tantric or esoteric Buddhism. His work, influenced by anthropological history and cultural theory, has focused on topics such as the construction of orthodoxy and heterodoxy, the Buddhist cult of relics, iconography, sexuality and gender. His current research deals with the mythico-ritual system of esoteric Buddhism and its relationships with medieval Japanese religion. He has published a number of books in French and English. His English publications include: ''The Rhetoric of Immediacy: A Cultural Critique of Chan/Zen Buddhism'' (Princeton 1991), ''Chan Insights and Oversights: An Epistemological Critique of the Chan Tradition'' (Princeton 1993), ''Visions of Power: Imagining Medieval Japanese Buddhism'' (Princeton 1996), ''The Red Thread: Buddhist Approaches to Sexuality'' (Princeton 1998), ''The Power of Denial: Buddhism, Purity, and Gender'' (Princeton 2003), and ''Double Exposure'' (Stanford 2004). ([https://religion.columbia.edu/content/bernard-r-faure Source Accessed Jun 10, 2019]).
He recently completed a two-volume work on Japanese Gods and Demons: ''The Fluid Pantheon: Medieval Japanese Gods, Volume I'' and ''Protectors and Predators: Medieval Japanese Gods, Volume 2'' (Both volumes by University of Hawai'i Press, 2015). +
Fazang is Zhiyan’s most accomplished and influential student, and became the third patriarch of Huayan. He is responsible for systematizing and extending Zhiyan’s teaching, and for securing the prominence of Huayan-style Buddhism at the imperial court. He is known especially for his definitive commentaries on the ''Avatamsaka Sutra'' and ''Awakening of Faith in Mahayana'', and for making Huayan doctrines accessible to laity with familiar technologies such as mirror halls and wood-block printing. These contributions support the traditional regard for Fazang as the third patriarch of the Huayan School.
Fazang’s ancestors came from Sogdiana (a center for trade along the Silk Road, located in what is now parts of Uzbekistan and Tajikestan), but he was born in the Tang dynasty capital of Chang’an (now Xi’an), where his family had become culturally Chinese. Fazang was a fervently religious adolescent. Following a then-popular custom that took self-immolation as a sign of religious devotion, Fazang burned his fingers before a stupa at the age of 16. After becoming a monk, he assisted Xuanzang—famous for his pilgrimage to India—in translating Buddhist works from Sanskrit into Chinese. Fazang had doctrinal differences with Xuanzang, though, so he later became a disciple of Zhiyan, probably around 663 CE.
Zhiyan’s access to the imperial court gave Fazang access to Empress Wu, with whom he quickly gained favor. He undertook a variety of public services, such as performing rain-prayer rituals and collaborating in various translation projects. He traveled throughout northern China, teaching the ''Avatamsaka Sutra'' and debating Daoists. He intervened in a 697 military confrontation with the Khitans, gaining further favor when Empress Wu ascribed to his ritual services an instrumental role in suppressing the rebellion. In addition, Fazang provided information to undermine plots by some of the empress’ advisors to secure power after her death. This secured Fazang’s status—and the prominence of Huayan teachings—with subsequent rulers. ([https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddhism-huayan/#Faza643712 Source Accessed Jan 28, 2020])
Henri-Léon Feer, born in Rouen on November 22, 1830 and died in Paris on March 10, 1902, was a French linguist and orientalist .
Léon Feer studied at the Royal College (then high school) in Rouen (1842-49). He learned Persian at the School of Oriental Languages with E. Quatremère as a teacher, then Sanskrit at the College de France with Philippe-Édouard Foucaux.
He became a professor at the School of Oriental Languages in 1864, succeeding Philippe-Édouard Foucaux in the Chair of Tibetan and in 1872 librarian in the manuscripts department of the National Library.
He participated in the Congresses of Orientalists in Paris (1873), London (1874), Leiden (1883), Vienna (1886), Stockholm (1889) and Geneva (1894). He also became a member of the council of the Indo-Chinese Academic Society , and published, in addition to books, articles in numerous journals. A specialist in Sanskrit , also knowing Tibetan , Mongolian and Pali , he translated many ancient texts (notably the Tibetan Kanjur ). ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Feer Source Accessed Aug 29, 2023]) +
Rafal Felbur is Assistant to the Chair of Buddhist Studies at the Heidelberg Centre for Transcultural Studies. He received his MA at Leiden University in The Netherlands and his PhD at Stanford University (2018). The title of his dissertation is "Anxiety of Emptiness: Self and Scripture in Early Medieval Chinese Buddhism, With a Focus on Sengrui." Prior to joining the Heidelberg Centre for Transcultural Studies, Rafal was a Postdoctoral Researcher in "The Composition of Buddhist Scriptures: Open Philology" project led by Professor Jonathan Silk at the Leiden Institute for Area Studies. ([https://buddhiststudies.stanford.edu/people/rafal-felbur Adapted from Source June 14, 2023]) +
Venerable René Feusi trained as a florist for the purpose of taking over the family business of flower shops in Geneva, Switzerland. In 1979, while on a spiritual quest in India and Nepal, he met Lama Yeshe and Lama Zopa Rinpoche, who were to become his main teachers, at the month-long November course at Kopan Monastery in Kathmandu Valley. Until his ordination he would spend half the year working in the family business and the other half receiving teachings and doing retreats. At the advice of Lama Zopa Rinpoche in 1985, he took ordination as a novice monk from Losang Nyingma Rinpoche, abbot of Namgyal Monastery, and then a year later full ordination from His Holiness the Dalai Lama. He spent two more years in India and Nepal receiving teachings and doing retreats before joining Nalanda Monastery in the south of France. Khensur Rinpoche Geshe Tekchog was the abbot and teacher at that time. In his four years there, he studied a number of texts on the graduated path to enlightenment, mind training, as well as various philosophical texts. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/product/beautiful-way-life/ Wisdom Publications]) +
Rick Fields (1942–1999) was a journalist, poet, and leading authority on Buddhism's history and development in the United States.
Mr. Field helped found ''Tricycle: The Buddhist Review'' in 1991 and had worked for the magazine as a contributing editor.
Mr. Fields wrote several books, the best known of which is ''How the Swans Came to the Lake: A Narrative History of Buddhism in America'' (Shambhala, 1981).
The book traces Buddhism's origins in the United States from Chinese railroad workers and American transcendentalists like Henry David Thoreau in the mid-19th century, to Japanese immigrants on the West Coast at the turn of the century, to the writer Alan Watts and Beat poets like Allen Ginsberg in the 1950's, to the mass popularity of Zen Buddhism and the introduction of Tibetan Buddhism in the 1960's and 70's.
Fields was also the author of several other books, including ''Chop Wood, Carry Water'' and ''The Code of the Warrior''. ([https://www.nytimes.com/1999/06/11/us/rick-fields-57-poet-and-expert-on-buddhism.html Adapted from Source Dec 6, 2023]0 +
Dr. Gian Giuseppe Filippi is Professor of lndology and History of Art of lndia, University “Ca’ Foscari”, Venice. Involved, since 1971, in extensive field studies in India, directed specially towards the traditional relations between the shrines and rituals, he is not just one of the discoverers of Drupad Kila (in mid- Ganga plains), but led the multidisciplinary research team, credited with this discovery.
Extensively published, Professor Filippi is President of the Venetian Academy of Indian Studies (VAIS), heads Human Sciences research in the “Kampilya Project”; and is Member of Is.I.A.O., Royal Society of Asian Affairs, Indian Archaeological Society, and Pafichal Research Institute, among several other institutions in Europe and India. ([https://dkprintworld.com/author-book/gian-giuseppe-filippi/ Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023]) +
Jean Filliozat became a medical doctor in 1930, and was awarded a diploma from the École pratique des hautes études in 1934. In 1935 he was awarded a diploma by the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales. He was director of studies at the École pratique des hautes études from 1941 to 1978. He established the Institut Français d'Indologie at Pondicherry in 1955 and was at the same time director of the École Française d'Extrême Orient from 1956 until 1977. He became a member of the Academie in 1966 and vice president of the Societe Asiatique in 1974. He was a member of the Legion d'honneur. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Filliozat Source Accesed Feb 22, 2021]) +
Rev. George Kosho Finch is a Shingon Buddhist minister. Rev. Finch took Tokudo (Initiation) in Shingon Buddhism in 1999. In 2000 he traveled to Japan for the Jukai (Reciept of Precepts on Mt. Koya), and in 2006 he completed Denpo-Kanjo (Final Ordination) on Mt. Koya, Japan. In 2009 Rev. Finch completed the Ichiryu Denju, complete transmission of the teachings.
Since that time he has led meditation groups in Portland Oregon, and served as assistant minister with the Koyasan Shingon Mission of Hawaii. Rev. Finch earned his Bachelor’s degree from Michigan State University, and his Juris Doctorate from Willamette University College of Law.
Rev. Finch’s goal, and the purpose of the [Shingon Buddhist] Foundation, is to maintain the lineage and traditional Shingon practice, while finding new and innovative ways to share the teachings (such as through yoga and qigong) with those are who are new to Buddhism, and those who may have practiced their whole lives.
In 2019, Rev. Finch began leading Henjyoji Shingon Buddhist Temple in Portland, Oregon. Henjyoji Temple has been in its current location since 1951. Ensuring the temple continues to offer opportunities for spiritual growth and development into a new millennia. ([https://www.shingonbuddhism.org/about-us-2/ Adapted from Source Nov 19, 2020]) +
After a career as a journalist based in New York and Hong Kong, Damchö Diana Finnegan ordained as a Buddhist nun in 1999. In 2009, she received her PhD from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, with a thesis on gender and ethics in Sanskrit and Tibetan narratives about Buddha’s direct female disciples in the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya.
After completing her dissertation she worked closely with the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa, Ogyen Trinley Dorje, serving as co-editor on various publications, including ''Interconnected: Embracing Life in a Global Society'' and ''The Heart Is Noble: Changing the World from the Inside Out''.
In 2007, she co-founded Dharmadatta Nuns’ Community (Comunidad Dharmadatta), a community of Spanish-speaking Buddhist nuns, based first in India and later in Mexico. Together with the other Dharmadatta nuns, she leads a large Latin American community with a commitment to gender and environmental justice as part of its spiritual practice.
At the same time, Damchö continues to participate in academic circles, presenting at conferences, editing books, and engaging in various research projects. The most recent publication on which she collaborated, a translation from Sanskrit and Tibetan of the manual for conferring full ordination to women, is forthcoming from Hamburg University’s Numata Center for Buddhist Studies.
Damchö has served as a board member of Maitripa College since its founding in 2005. ([https://maitripa.org/damcho-diana-finnegan/ Source Accessed Sep 23, 2021]) +
Bronwyn Finnigan is a senior lecturer in the School of Philosophy, RSSS, at the Australian National University and an early career research fellow with the Australian Research Council. She works primarily in metaethics, moral psychology, and philosophy of mind in Western and Asian philosophical traditions and is currently working on two related research projects. The first investigates the nature of practical rationality involved in skilled action taken as a model of moral agency. The second examines Buddhist moral psychology and the meta-ethical grounds for rationally reconstructing Buddhist ethical thought. Bronwyn is a member of the Cowherds who authored ''Moonshadows: Conventional Truth in Buddhist Philosophy'' (Oxford), and has recently published articles on Buddhist arguments concerning animal welfare and vegetarianism (2017), idealism (2018), and the reflexive awareness of consciousness (2018). (Source: ''[[Readings of Śāntideva's Guide to Bodhisattva Practice]]'', 285.) +
Louis Finot (1864 in Bar-sur-Aube - 1935 in Toulon) was a French archeologist and researcher, specialising in the cultures of Southeast Asia. A former director of the Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, his contribution to the study of Khmer history, architecture and epigraphy is widely recognised.
A bachelor of law and letters, Finot was admitted to the École Nationale des Chartes in 1886. He left it two years later with the title of palaeographer. He worked initially as a trainee then as an assistant librarian with the French National Library and undertook studies of Sanskrit. In 1898, he was named director of the archaeological mission in Indochina, which would become in 1900 the Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient (EFEO). In 1933 he became a member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Finot_(archaeologist) Source Accessed Jan 8, 2021]) +
Zoketsu Norman Fischer is an American poet, writer, and Soto Zen priest, teaching and practicing in the lineage of Shunryu Suzuki. He is a Dharma heir of Sojun Mel Weitsman, from whom he received Dharma transmission in 1988. Fischer served as co-abbot of the San Francisco Zen Center from 1995–2000, after which he founded the Everyday Zen Foundation in 2000, a network of Buddhist practice group and related projects in Canada, the United States and Mexico. Fischer has published more than twenty-five books of poetry and non-fiction, as well as numerous poems, essays and articles in Buddhist magazines and poetry journals. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoketsu_Norman_Fischer Source Accessed Jul 21, 2020]) +
SOLOMON GEORGE FITZHERBERT is Departmental Lecturer in Tibetan and
Himalayan Studies at the University of Oxford. He is the author of The Vagrant
Child of Tibet, a study of the early portions of the Tibetan Gesar Epic. +
University of Vienna, Department of South Asian, Tibetan, and Buddhist Studies graduate student +
Wulstan Fletcher holds degrees in Modern Languages and Theology (Oxford and Rome) and is a teacher of modern languages. He completed a three-year retreat at Chanteloube France from 1986–1989. He is a member of the Padmakara Translation Group and has been a Tsadra Foundation Fellow since 2001.
'''Current Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow (with Helena Blankleder):'''
* ''Lion Speech, The Life of Jamgön Mipham'', Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche
'''Completed Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow (with Helena Blankleder):'''
* ''Treasury of Precious Qualities'' (Sutra Section), Jigme Lingpa, commentary by Longchen Yeshe Dorje, Kangyur Rinpoche
* ''Counsels from My Heart'', Dudjom Rinpoche
* ''Introduction to the Middle Way'', Chandrakirti, commentary by Jamgön Mipham
* ''The Adornment of the Middle Way'', Shantarakshita, commentary by Jamgön Mipham
* ''Food of Bodhisattvas: Buddhist Teachings on Abstaining from Meat'', Shabkar Tsokdruk Rangdrol
* ''The Way of the Bodhisattva'', Shantideva (rev. ed.)
* ''The Nectar of Manjushri’s Speech: A Detailed Commentary on Shantideva’s "Way of the Bodhisattva,"'' Kunzang Pelden
* ''The Root Stanzas on the Middle Way'', Nagarjuna
* ''White Lotus: An Explanation of the Seven-line Prayer to Guru Padmasambhava'', Jamgön Mipham
* ''Treasury of Precious Qualities'' (Tantra Section), Jigme Lingpa, commentary by Longchen Yeshe Dorje, Kangyur Rinpoche
* ''The Purifying Jewel and Light of the Day Star'' by Mipham Rinpoche
* ''Trilogy of Resting at Ease'', Longchenpa
(Source: [http://www.tsadra.org/translators/wulstan-fletcher/ Tsadra.org]) +
Ralph Flores teaches literature at Thammasat University in Thailand and is the author of ''A Study of Allegory in Its Historical Context and Relationship to Contemporary Theory''. +
Ven. Tenpa'i Gyaltsen, also known as Joe Flumerfelt is a student of Shar Khentrul Jamphel Lodrö and works at the Tibetan Buddhist Rimé Institute in Australia. +
Dr. Gregory Forgues is Director of Research at Tsadra Foundation. Before joining the foundation, Gregory was part of the Open Philology research project with Professor Jonathan Silk at the University of Leiden. He also worked as a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Heidelberg and a Visiting Professor of Buddhist Studies at the University of Bochum. Gregory has published on a wide variety of topics including Mahāyāna sūtra translations, Tibetan tantric rituals, Dzogchen teachings, and digital humanities methods. His PhD dissertation on Jamgon Mipham’s interpretation of the two truths under Professor Klaus-Dieter Mathes' supervision was reviewed by Professor Birgit Kellner and Professor Matthew Kapstein, receiving a distinction from the University of Vienna. +
Camillo Formigatti studied Indology and Sanskrit as a secondary subject when he was studying Classics at the “Università Statale” in Milan. After that he spent ten years in Germany, learning Tibetan and textual criticism in Marburg and manuscript studies in Hamburg. From June 2008 to May 2011, he worked as a research associate on the project: ''In the Margins of the Text: Annotated Manuscripts from Northern India and Nepal'', in Hamburg. From November 2011 to November 2014 he worked as a Research Associate on the ''Sanskrit Manuscripts Project'' in Cambridge and later as a collaborator in the project ''Transforming Tibetan and Buddhist Book Culture''. After having briefly taught Sanskrit at SOAS, since February 2016 he is the John Clay Sanskrit Librarian at the Bodleian Library, University of Oxford. ([https://sanskritreadingroom.wordpress.com/2017/10/28/session-3-dr-camillo-formigatti/ Source Accessed July 22, 2021]) +
*1961 born in Staveren on March 28
*1981-1986 sailor at shipping companies, Rotterdam
*1986-1993 studied Indology at Leiden University
*1991 studied at Hamburg University
*1991-1996 studied philosophy at Leiden University
*1997-2002 research fellow at the CNWS, Leiden University
*2000-2002 substitute lecturer Buddhology and Indian philosophy, Leiden University
*2004 PhD under the supervision of T.E. Vetter and Th.C.W. Oudemans, Leiden University
*2002-present teacher at Stanislas College, Pijnacker
+
Dr. Thomas Forsthoefel is Professor of Religious Studies. He earned his B.A. from Georgetown University, M.A.s from Loyola University of Chicago and the University of Chicago, and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago. Dr. Forsthoefel was the Erie County Poet Laureate from 2010-2012 and served as department chair from 2006-2013.
He specializes in South Asian religions and philosophies. His articles have been published in Philosophy East and West, Journal of Ecumenical Studies, International Journal of Hindu Studies, Journal of Vaishnava Studies, and Horizons, among others, and he has written or edited four books: Knowing Beyond Knowledge (Ashgate, 2002), a study of the cognitive dimension of religious experience in Hindu Advaita, Gurus in America (SUNY, 2006), a volume he co-edited with Cynthia Ann Humes, Soulsong: Seeking Holiness, Coming Home (Orbis, 2006), and The Dalai Lama: Essential Writings (Orbis, 2008), an edited volume of the philosophical, ethical, and meditation teachings of the Dalai Lama.
Dr. Fortshoefel teaches courses such as: Hinduism, Buddhism, Poetry of the Sacred, and New Religious Movements. ([https://www.mercyhurst.edu/faculty/thomas-forsthoefel Source Accessed May 28, 2023]) +
Antonino Forte is professor of East Asian religions and thought at the
Istituto Universitario Orientale, Naples, and is concurrently director of
the Italian School of East Asian Studies in Kyoto. He was a member of
the Ecole Française d’Extrême-Orient between 1976 and 1985. He is the
author of Political Propaganda and Ideology in China at the End of the Seventh
Century and Mingtang and Buddhist Utopias in the History of the Astronomical
Clock, and the editor of Tang China and Beyond. His current research
focuses on East Asian Buddhist philosophies of history and the historical
relevance of the “borderland complex” in East Asian countries.
Source: [[Chinese Buddhist Apocrypha]] +
Victor Forte is Professor of Religious Studies at Albright College and the general editor for the ''Journal of Buddhist Ethics''. +
Philippe Édouard Foucaux (15 September 1811 – 20 May 1894) was a French tibetologist. He published the first Tibetan grammar in French and occupied the first chair of Tibetan Studies in Europe.
He was born in the town of Angers on 15 September to [a] merchant family. At the age of 27, he left for Paris to study Indology with Eugène Burnouf. After becoming aware of the work of Sándor Kőrösi Csoma, he studied Tibetan by himself for two years. After this he was appointed as a Tibetan teacher at the École des langues orientales where he gave his inaugural lecture on January 31, 1842. Funding for the position was canceled but Foucaux continued to instruct his students thereafter on a pro bono basis. Some of his most well-known students include Léon Feer [fr], William Woodville Rockhill, and Alexandra David-Néel.
Foucaux was a member of the Sociéte d'Ethnographie. After France became the Second Empire, Foucaux was elected as a member of the Collège de France. Foucaux was married to Mary Summer, born Marie Filon, who also did work as a buddhologist. He was a corresponding member of the American Oriental Society from 1865. A number of Sanskrit, Tibetan, and Chinese manuscripts and printed books from his library were acquired by the National Library of France and are preserved there. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippe_%C3%89douard_Foucaux Source Accessed July 29, 2021]) +
T. Griffith Foulk trained in Zen monasteries in Japan. He is active in Buddhist studies, with research interests in philosophical, literary, social, and historical aspects of East Asian Buddhism, especially the Ch’an/Zen tradition. He is co-editor in chief of the Soto Zen Text Project (Tokyo). He is a member of the American Academy of Religion Buddhism Section steering committee (1987–1994, 2003–) and a board member for the Kuroda Institute for the Study of Buddhism and Human Values. ([https://www.sarahlawrence.edu/faculty/foulk-t.-griffith.html Source Accessed Jun 11, 2019]) +
Alan Fox is an Professor of Asian and Comparative Philosophy and Religion in the Philosophy Department at the University of Delaware. He earned his Ph.D. in Religion from Temple University in 1988, and was a Fulbright Scholar in Taiwan in 1986-87. He came to the University in 1990. He received the University of Delaware’s Excellence in Teaching Award in 1995 and 2006, and the College of Arts and Sciences’ Outstanding Teacher Award in 1999. In 2006 he was named Delaware Professor of the Year by the Carnegie Foundation for Advancement of Teaching and the Council for the Advancement and Support of Education. In 2008 he was named a finalist for the National Inspiring Integrity Award, and in 2012 he was named a Teaching Fellow by the American Association of Philosophy Teachers. He is a former director of both the University Honors Program and the Master of Arts in Liberal Studies Program, as well as advisor to the undergraduate Religious Studies Minor. He has also served as President of the Faculty Senate at both the College and University levels. He has published on Buddhism and Chinese Philosophy. His research is currently focused on Philosophical Daoism. ([https://udel.edu/~afox/ Source Accessed May 18, 2021]) +
Eli Franco (born June 19, 1953 in Tel Aviv ) is an Israeli Indologist. He received his BA in Philosophy and Jewish Philosophy from the University of Tel Aviv in 1976, the Diplôme de l' Ecole des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in 1978, Paris, and the Doctorat 3e cycle from the Université de Paris X and L'Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes in 1980. Since 2004 he has held the chair for Indology at the Institute for Indology and Central Asian Studies at the University of Leipzig, Germany. Among his writings include: ''Perception, Knowledge and Disbelief: A Study of Jayarāśi's Skepticism'' (Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden, 1987), ''Dharmakīrti on Compassion and Rebirth'' (Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien, Universität Wien, 1997), ''The Spitzer Manuscript: The Oldest Philosophical Manuscript in Sanskrit'' (Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2004), and (with Miyako Notake) ''Dharmakīrti on the Duality of the Object: Pramāṇavārttika III, 1 - 63'' (Lit Verlag, 2014). ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli_Franco Adapted from Source July 20, 2019]) +
Rudolf Otto Franke (born June 24, 1862 in Wickerode ; † February 5, 1928 in Königsberg ) was a German Indologist .
Franke initially attended elementary school in Questenberg for four years and from there moved to the Latina in Halle, an der Saale , after which, after graduating from high school there, he studied classical , German and Indian philology at the universities of Göttingen and Bonn . In 1885 he received his doctorate in Göttingen and his habilitation in Berlin in 1890. He then became a private lecturer there . In 1896 he accepted the position of associate professor at the University of Königsberg in the field of Sanskrit studies . From 1921 he was a full professor. Franke worked at the Albertina University in Königsberg until 1928. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Otto_Franke Source Accessed Dec 14, 2023]) +
Koun Franz is a Soto Zen priest. He leads practice at Thousand Harbours Zen in Halifax, Nova Scotia, where he also works as editor of Buddhadharma. His writing and teachings on Zen can be found at nyoho.com and on the Thousand Harbours Zen podcast. ([https://www.lionsroar.com/author/koun-franz/ Source: Lion's Roar]) +
Erich Frauwallner studied classical philology and Sanskrit philology in Vienna. He taught Indology from 1928-29 at the University of Vienna. His primary interest was Buddhist logic and epistemology, and later Indian Brahmanic philosophy, with close attention to primary source texts.
In 1938 Frauwallner joined the Department of Indian and Iranian philosophy at the Oriental Institute after its Jewish director, Bernhard Geiger, was forced out. Frauwallner became director in 1942. He was called up for military service in 1943 but did not serve, continuing to teach until 1945 when he lost his position due to his Nazi Party membership (dating to 1932). In 1951, after a review, he was reinstated. In 1955 the Institute for Indology founded, which he chaired, becoming a full professor in 1960.
Donald S. Lopez, Jr., professor of Buddhist and Tibetan Studies at the University of Michigan, called Frauwallner "one of the great Buddhist scholars of this [the twentieth] century." ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich_Frauwallner Source Accessed Jun 11, 2019]) +
Charlotte Freeman, a SOAS PhD student, has for the past five or more years been working under the supervision of Dr Piatigorsky on the ''Akṣyamatinirdeśa-sūtra'' and its commentary by Vasubandhu. (Source: The Buddhist Forum, Vol. 2) +
Claudia Fregiehn completed her master's degree in translation at Rangjung Yeshe Institute in 2023. She was a recipient of a Tsadra Foundation Study Scholarship. The title of her MA thesis is "Who Is the Author? Mangtö Ludrup Gyatso's ''Essential Nectar'' in the Collected Works of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo: A Case Study of the Attribution of Authorship in Tibetan Buddhism." +
Rebecca Redwood French received her B.A. from the University of Michigan and her J.D. from the University of Washington. After practicing law for six years, she went on to receive an LL.M. and Ph.D. in legal anthropology from Yale University. She has been an invited member of the Institute for Advanced Studies at Princeton, received numerous grants for her work from NSF, SSRC, Werner Gren, Fulbright and a host of other agencies and been asked to speak at many conferences including in Bhutan in the summer of 2018.
Her work is situated at the intersections of law, anthropology, legal theory, religious studies and Buddhist legal systems. Four years of field research in Tibet and India resulted in a study of the Dalai Lama’s pre-1960 legal system, titled The Golden Yoke (Snow Lion: 2002). She also co-edited with Mark Nathan the book Buddhism and Law: An Introduction (Cambridge University Press: 2014), the first comprehensive study of its kind.
In 2015, she founded and is the Editor of the journal, Buddhism, Law & Society, with William S. Hein Publishing, and began a series of conferences on the new sub-discipline at Buffalo every few years. The first conference was in 2006, and the third will be in Buffalo in September 2019 with an international set of scholars attending.
She has also worked extensively with Tibetans and Indonesians on immigration and cultural issues and has delivered public lectures for Amnesty International, the Tibetan Conference, the International Association of Tibetan Studies, Tibet House as well as in many scholarly forums.
From 2008 to 2010, French served as Director of the Baldy Center for Law and Social Policy at the University at Buffalo School of Law, an endowed academic center for interdisciplinary research on law and legal institutions. She joined the School of Law faculty after serving as an associate professor of law at the University of Colorado from 1992 to 2001. ([https://www.law.buffalo.edu/faculty/facultyDirectory/FrenchRebeccaR.html Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023])
David Lazar Friedmann (b. Amsterdam 26.2.1903 — d. London 11.4.1984) was a Dutch Buddhist scholar and Art Historian in the U.K. He was born into a Jewish family engaged in the diamond trade. After school in Amsterdam he studied Sanskrit for three years at Utrecht (under Caland), then the history of religion, Sanskrit and Indian art and archaeology at Leiden (under Vogel). He earned his Ph.D. in 1936 from Leiden. After a year of further studies at Oxford (under Johnston), he became Lecturer in Buddhist Studies at Leiden in 1938. As a jew he was dismissed after German occupation in 1940, but continued to teach clandestinely. Leaving the country in 1941, he joined the Netherlands Information Bureau in New York, writing and lecturing on the history and culture of the Netherlands, India, and Indonesia. From 1946-50 he served as Professor at the University of Indonesia in Batavia/Jakarta, and he taught Sanskrit, Buddhist philosophy, and Indian art. From 1950 he was Lecturer and from 1959 he was a Reader at S.O.A.S. in London, and also taught at King’s College. He retired in 1970, but continued lecturing. He was married to Helène (d. 1976), a ceramic artist of Russian-Jewish origin, and had two daughters.
Friedman took great care supervising his students and published himself very little. Among his students were Lohuizen-De Leeuw, D. Killingley, and Rita Gupta.
Publications: Diss. [Sthiramati:] Madhyāntavibhāgaṭīkā. Analysis of the Middle Path and the Extremes. 143 p. Utrecht 1937 (translated). ([https://whowaswho-indology.info/2099/friedman-david-lazar/ Adapted from Source June 29, 2023]) +
Marie Friquegnon was born in 1943, grew up in Brooklyn and attended the local Catholic school. She went to high school at the Convent of the Sacred heart, 91st Street, Manhattan. During this time she studied theology and scholastic philosophy. She then attended Barnard College where she majored in philosophy. She also took courses at Columbia University. The teachers who influenced her in philosophy were Sidney Morgenbesser, Richard Taylor, Arthur Danto, David Sidorsky, Joh Herman Randall, Mary Mothersill and Jean Potter; in religion, Jacob Taubes and Anton Zigmund-Cerbu. She took her masters and doctorate at New York University. Finishing in 1974, she studied Hegel and Marx with Sidney Hook. Her thesis advisor was a Marxist philosopher, Chauncy Downes. But the most important philosophical influence on her at N.Y.U. was the analytic philosopher Raziel Abelson. Following his suggestion she wrote a masters thesis defending the possibility of free will and a doctoral thesis defending the meaningfulness of religious belief.
She worked from 1965 to 1967 as a caseworker with the Department of Welfare. From 1967 to 1968 she taught part-time at NYC Community College, Long Island University, Brooklyn College and N.Y.U. In 1969 she started to teach at William Paterson. She continues to teach there now as a Professor of Philosophy.
In 1981 Marie Friquegnon began to develop what had been a longstanding interest in Buddhist philosophy. She returned to Columbia University to audit a course in Sanskrit and to take a course in Tibetan. She continues to study at the Padmasambhava Buddhist Center and she is involved in some translation projects there. She is also interested in philosophy of childhood, and has given lectures and published on children's rights and the nature of childhood. She lives in Stuyvesant Town in Manhattan. ([https://www.wpunj.edu/cohss/departments/philosophy/faculty/dr-marie-friquegnon Adapted from Source Apr 14, 2021]) +
Barbara Frye, a student of Tibetan Buddhism for several years, has edited numerous works by Tibetan authors. +
Rosemarie Fuchs (1950-2010) studied and practiced with eminent lamas of the Karma Kagyu tradition and spent much of her life translating Tibetan texts to German and interpreting for Tibetan Lamas in Germany. She is a member of the Marpa Translation Committee and has been a devoted student of the Venerable Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche since 1978. Fuchs translated the ''Mahayana Uttaratantra Shastra'' upon Khenpo Rinpoche’s advice. ([https://www.penguinrandomhouseretail.com/author/?authorid=167711 Adapted from Source Jul 22, 2020]) +
Funayama Toru, born in 1961, is currently a professor of Buddhist studies at Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. His research mainly covers two different areas in the history of Buddhism. One is Chinese Buddhism from the fifth–seventh centuries, a period from the late Six Dynasties period up to early Tang; his focuses are on the formation of Chinese Buddhist translation and apocrypha, spread of the notion of Mahayana precepts, the exegetical tradition on the ''Nirvana Sutra'', and so on. The other is philological and philosophical issues in Buddhist epistemology and logic in India from the fifth–tenth centuries, particularly Kamalaśīla's (the late eighth century) theory of perception. In both areas, he is interested in the concept of saintliness as firmly related with the system of practice. ([https://www.iias.asia/profile/toru-funayama Source Accessed June 16, 2020]) +
Charlotte Davis Furth (January 22, 1934 – June 19, 2022) was an American scholar of Chinese history. She was a professor at California State University, Long Beach, and at the University of Southern California. She was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship and a Fulbright fellowship for her research, and published several books.
Furth taught history for 23 years at the California State University, Long Beach (CSULB), until 1989, and then for 18 more years at the University of Southern California (USC). In 1972 she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. She taught at Beijing University in 1981 and 1982, one of the first American Fulbright fellows admitted to teach in China after the Cultural Revolution. She retired with emeritus status from USC in 2008. In 2012 she was honored by the Association for Asian Studies with an award for her "distinguished contributions to Asian Studies." ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_Furth Source Accessed June 19, 2023]) +
===Active Projects===
*Working as a consultant for the [http://www.dzongkha.gov.bt/ Dzongkha Development Commission]
*[http://www.thlib.org/ Tibetan & Himalayan Library - Sections on Tibetan Script]
*[http://sites.google.com/site/chrisfynn2/tibetanscriptfonts/jomolhari Jomolhari Font]
*[https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/free-tibetan/ Free Tibetan Fonts Project]
===Some Previous Projects===
*Worked as a consultant for the National Library of Bhutan
*Bhutan National Digital Library
*Oversaw the text input for a new edition of Padma Lingpa's zab gter chos mdzod for HE Gangteng Tulku's Padmasambhava Project.
:([https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Christopher_Fynn Source: Chris Fynn, RyWiki Entry])
===Other Links===
*[http://sites.google.com/site/chrisfynn2/home/tibetanscriptfonts Tibetan script info]
*[http://sites.google.com/site/chrisfynn2/ Web site]
*[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Cfynn Chris Fynn] at Wikimedia Commons +
G
Yakde Paṇchen Tsondru Dargye, a Sakyapa scholar, was the founder of Evam Monastery. He is said to have studied under hundred and eight teachers, including many of the great figures of his era such as the Third Karmapa, the First Zhamarpa, Buton Rinchen Drub, Dolpopa, Longchenpa, and Tsongkhapa. +
Sean Gaffney was awarded a BA in history and philosophy by Middlesex University in 1983, an MA in Buddhist philosophy, Ancient Indian philosophy and Buddhist Art and Architecture by SOAS, University of London, in 1985, and a PhD in Buddhist Studies by SOAS in 2003. He studied Sanskrit, Pāli, Tibetan and Prākrit at SOAS between 1985—2019. He also studied Tibetan philosophy and textual studies under Prof. D. Seyfort-Ruegg, 1989—98. From 1997—2007 he was an assistant editor to Dr. T. Skorupski on the Tibetan-English Dictionary Project at SOAS. He has been a Senior Teaching Fellow at SOAS from 1996 to the present on courses relating to various historical and doctrinal aspects of Buddhism, Pāli, pre-Classical and Classical Tibetan. Currently he is a Research Associate at SOAS, with interests including Tibetan translations of Indian texts, Buddhist narrative literature, and the comparative study of Pāli, Prākrit and Tibetan textual traditions.
([https://order.indica-et-buddhica.com/?product=gaffney-skyes-pa-rabs-kyi-gle%e1%b9%85-gzi-english-translation Source: Indica et Buddhica]) +
Ruth is an environmental, cultural and climate historian of Tibet, the Himalaya, and Asia. She is writing her third book, a history of the Yarlung Tsangpo (Brahmaputra) River. Her previous books were on the relationship between sacred geography and the reincarnation tradition (Reincarnation in Tibetan Buddhism, OUP 2018) and a biography of the Third Karmapa (Master of Mahamudra, Shambhala 2020). She has also published numerous articles and book chapters on the region’s ecological politics, literatures, and histories. She completed her PhD in Asian Studies at the Australian National University, was a post-doctorate fellow at Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich, and a visiting fellow at Yale University’s School of Forestry & Environmental Studies. Before coming to La Trobe University, she taught Tibetan language studies and Asian Religions at the Australian National University. She was a David Myers Research Fellow at La Trobe and was recently awarded an Australian Research Council DECRA Fellowship to conduct research on the Himalayan Cryosphere. ([https://scholars.latrobe.edu.au/rgamble Source Accessed Oct. 31, 2023]) +
Jonardon Ganeri is Global Network Professor, Faculty of Arts and Science, New York University, Visiting Professor of Philosophy at King's College London, and Professorial Research Associate at the School of Oriental and African Studies, London. His research interests are in consciousness, self, attention, the epistemology of inquiry, the idea of philosophy as a practice and its relationship with literary form, case-based reasoning, multiple-category ontologies, non-classical logics, realism in the theory of meaning, the history of ideas in early modern South Asia, the polycentricity of modernity, cosmopolitanism, and cross-cultural hermeneutics, intellectual affinities between India, Greece, and China, and early Buddhist philosophy of mind. His books include ''Attention, Not Self'' (Oxford University Press, 2017); ''The Self: Naturalism, Consciousness, and the First-Person Stance'' (Oxford University Press, 2012); ''The Lost Age of Reason: Philosophy in Early Modern India 1450–1700'' (Oxford University Press, 2011); ''The Concealed Art of the Soul'' (Oxford University Press, 2007); and ''Philosophy in Classical India: The Proper Work of Reason'' (Routledge, 2001). He is a Fellow of the British Academy, and laureate of the Infosys Prize in the Humanities 2015. He has been named by Open Magazine one of India's "50 Open Minds" in 2016. (Source: ''The Oxford Handbook of Indian Philosophy'', xi) +
The Ninth Gangkar Lama, Karma Shedrub Chokyi Sengge (gangs dkar bla ma 09 karma bshad sgrub chos kyi seng ge) was born in a place called Sade (sa sde) in Minyak (mi nyag). His father was named Draknak Trinle (brag nag 'phrin las) and his mother was named Draknak Drolma (brag nag sgrol ma).
When he was three years old, the Fifteenth Karmapa, Khakhyab Dorje (karma pa 15 mkha' khyab rdo rje, 1870-1921) sent a letter from Lhasa recognizing him as the reincarnation of the Eighth Gangkar Lama, Karma Tsering Wangpo (gangs dkar bla ma 08 karma tshe ring dbang po, d.u.). At that time, Khamsum Drakgon Monastery, the seat of the lineage, was not able to accommodate him as it only had a poorly built prayer hall and a deity shrine, so he was placed in a temple near the monastery.
After the recognition procedures, a monk named Lama Norbu (bla ma nor bu), an expert in monastic rituals, was appointed as his private tutor to teach him how to read at the age of five.
During his childhood, he listened to tales told by the elders in the village where the temple was situated, including those drawn from the lives of the saints such as Tangtong Gyelpo (thang stong rgyal po, 1361-1485). He developed a keen interest in Kagyu masters and requested to study in one of the major monasteries of the tradition. His tutor Lama Norbu also told the leaders of the monastery that the young lama had learned all the things he had to teach.
In 1910 he was sent to Pelpung (dpal spungs) Monastery where his previous incarnation had also studied. There he met with the Eleventh Situ, Pema Wangchok Gyelpo (si tu pad ma dbang mchog rgyal po, 1886-1952), and other leaders of the monastery. He received novice monastic vows from a lama named Dechen Ngedon Tendzin Rabgye (bde chen nges don bstan 'dzin rab rgyas) and studied the Vinaya texts under a lama named Tsewang Peljor (tshe dbang dpal 'byor). He continued his education with Khenpo Zhenga, Zhenpen Chokyi Nangwa (mkhan po gzhan dga gzhan phan chos kyi snang ba, 1871-1927), who was then at Pelpung establishing the monastic college.
At the age of twenty-one he was fully ordained by Dechen Ngedon Tendzin Rabgye. He continued to study Buddhist topics, as well as medicine, poetry, and grammar.
He then traveled to U-Tsang to continue his training at Tsurpu (mtshur phu) Monastery. There he received tantric transmissions and teachings from the Fifteenth Karmapa, Khakhyab Dorje.
After returning to Pelpung Monastery, he received teachings and transmissions from teachers there, such as Situ Pema Wangchok Gyelpo. For several years he served as summer retreat master at Pelpung. At the request of Pema Wangchuk Gyelpo and Khenpo Zhenga he wrote the Exposition of the Special Praise to the Buddha (khyad par 'phags bstod kyi 'grel pa) and the Answers of the Scholars' Necklace (dris lan mkhas pa'i mgul rgyan) among others works. These do not appear to be extant, although printing blocks for the first work are said to have been carved.
In 1922, at the age of thirty, he returned to Khamsum Drakgon. He expanded the existing monasteries and established new institutions. In 1925 he was invited to Minyak Riku (mi nyag ri khud) Monastery where he started a school and taught modern Tibetan studies for three years. Later, in 1940, he started a school in Khamsum Drakgon Monastery also for modern Tibetan studies. His students included men from various ethnic backgrounds.
In 1930 he was invited to attend the enthronement ceremony of the Sixteenth Karmapa, Rangjung Rikpai Dorje (karma pa 16 rang byung rig pa'i rdo rje, 1921-1981) and be his private tutor. He taught the Karmapa for about a year. Although he was asked to stay and continue to teach, he insisted that he was more needed in Minyak than in U-Tsang. He also brought many monks studying in U-Tsang back to Minyak with him. In Minyak he worked as a teacher, astrologer, and a traditional physician.
He traveled to China twice before the Communists took over. He first traveled in China from 1936 until 1939 and then again from 1945 until 1949. He gave many teachings in various places including Chengdu, Chongqing, Jiangxi, and Beijing. In 1953 he was asked to teach at the Central Nationalities University (中央民族大学) in Beijing and he taught there for three years while also editing official documents translated into Tibetan. He passed away in 1957.
([http://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Karma-Shedrub-Chokyi-Sengge/2730 Source: Treasury of Lives])
Garchen Rinpoche, Konchog Gyaltsen (mgar chen dkon mchog rgyal mtshan, b. 1949), is a master ofthe Drigung Kagyu tradition. By the time he finally left Tibet in the 1990s, he had spent twenty-three years imprisoned by the Chinese. Of his time in prison, twenty years were spent in the company of his teacher, Khenpo Munsel (mkhan po mun sel, 1916-1994). Since coming out of Tibet, he has been tirelessly teaching throughout the world. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond) +
Alexander Gardner is the Director and Chief Editor of the Treasury of Lives, an online biographical encyclopedia of Tibet and the Himalayan Region. He completed his PhD in Buddhist Studies at the University of Michigan in 2007. From 2007 to 2016 he worked at the Shelley & Donald Rubin Foundation, serving as their Executive Director from 2013 to 2016. His research interests are in Tibetan life writing and the cultural history of Kham in the nineteenth century. He is the author of ''The Life of Jamgon Kongtrul the Great'', published by Shambhala in 2019. Alex served as the writer-in-residence for Tsadra Foundation's Buddha-Nature Project from 2017-2019. +
Jay L. Garfield chairs the Philosophy department and directs Smith’s logic and Buddhist studies programs and the Five College Tibetan Studies in India program. He is also visiting professor of Buddhist philosophy at Harvard Divinity School, professor of philosophy at Melbourne University and adjunct professor of philosophy at the Central University of Tibetan Studies.
Garfield’s research addresses topics in the foundations of cognitive science and the philosophy of mind; the history of Indian philosophy during the colonial period; topics in ethics, epistemology and the philosophy of logic; methodology in cross-cultural interpretation; and topics in Buddhist philosophy, particularly Indo-Tibetan Madhyamaka and Yogācāra.
Garfield’s most recent books are ''Getting Over Ourselves: How to be a Person Without a Self'' (2022), ''Knowing Illusion: Bringing a Tibetan Debate into Contemporary Discourse'' (with the Yakherds 2021, Buddhist Ethics: A Philosophical Exploration (2021), ̛What Can’t Be Said: Paradox and Contradiction in East Asian Thought (with Yasuo Deguchi, Graham Priest, and Robert Sharf 2021), The Concealed Influence of Custom: Hume’s Treatise From the Inside Out (OUP 2019), ''Minds Without Fear: Philosophy in the Indian Renaissance'' (with Nalini Bhushan, 2017), ''Dignāga’s Investigation of the Percept: A Philosophical Legacy in India and Tibet'' (with Douglas Duckworth, David Eckel, John Powers, Yeshes Thabkhas and Sonam Thakchöe, 2016) ''Engaging Buddhism: Why it Matters to Philosophy'' (2015), ''Moonpaths: Ethics and Emptiness'' (with the Cowherds, 2015) and (edited, with Jan Westerhoff), ''Madhyamaka and Yogācāra: Allies or Rivals?'' (2015). ([https://jaygarfield.org/cv/ Source Accessed on January 19, 2024])
:Doris Silbert Professor in the Humanities and Professor of Philosophy
:Department of Philosophy Smith College Northampton, MA 01063 USA +
Robert H. Gassmann is Professor emeritus of Sinology at Zurich University (Switzerland). He presided the Swiss Asia Society and was chief-editor of the quarterly ''Asiatische Studien/Etudes Asiatiques''. His fields of interest were language, history, and thought of Early China. ([https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/32218?contents=editorial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023]) +
Gautama Prajñāruci (Jutan Boreliuzhi 瞿曇般若流支, fl. 538–543) was a translator of Indian texts into Chinese and is said to have reached China in 516. Among the texts he translated include Vasubandhu's ''Viṃśatikā'', Nāgārjuna's ''Vigrahavyāvartanī'' (co-translated with *Vimokṣa Prajñārṣi 毘目智仙), and the ''Saddharmasmṛtyupasthānasūtra'' (T721) ca. A.D. 538–541.
. +
Khenpo Gawang Rinpoche is the founder and spiritual director of Pema Karpo Meditation Center in Memphis, Tennessee. He holds a khenpo degree after nine years of study at Namdroling Monastery in South India. In April 2006, Khenpo Gawang Rinpoche was formally enthroned as a khenpo by His Holiness Penor Rinpoche and assigned to teach in the West. He came to the United States in 2004 at the invitation of Sakyong Mipham Rinpoche and Shambhala International, and became an American citizen in 2012. He has lived in Memphis, Tennessee since 2007. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Gawang_Rinpoche Source Accessed Sept 9, 2020]) +
Holly Gayley is an Associate Professor in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Colorado, Boulder. Her research focuses on the revitalization of Buddhism in Tibetan areas of the PRC in the post-Maoist period. Dr. Gayley became interested in the academic study of Buddhism through her travels among Tibetan communities in India, Nepal, and China. She completed her Masters in Buddhist Studies at Naropa University in 2000 and Ph.D. at Harvard University in Tibetan and Himalayan Studies in 2009. Dr. Gayley's first book titled ''Love Letters from Golok: A Tantric Couple in Modern Tibet'' came out in November 2016 with Columbia University Press. The book charts the lives and love letters of a contemporary Buddhist tantric couple, Khandro Tāre Lhamo and Namtrul Jigme Phuntsok, who played a significant role in revitalizing Buddhism in eastern Tibet since the 1980s. Examining Buddhist conceptions of gender, agency and healing, this book recovers Tibetan voices in representing their own modern history under Chinese rule and contributes to burgeoning scholarly literature on Buddhist women, minorities in China, and studies of collective trauma.
Dr. Gayley's second project explores the emergence of Buddhist modernism on the Tibetan plateau and a new ethical reform movement spawned by cleric-scholars at Larung Buddhist Academy in Serta. Her recent publications on the topic include "Controversy over Buddhist Ethical Reform: A Secular Critique of Clerical Authority in the Tibetan Blogosphere" (''Himalaya Journal'', 2016), "Non-Violence as a Shifting Signifier on the Tibetan Plateau" (''Contemporary Buddhism'', 2016 with Padma 'tsho), "Reimagining Buddhist Ethics on the Tibetan Plateau (''Journal of Buddhist Ethics'', 2013), and "The Ethics of Cultural Survival: A Buddhist Vision of Progress in Mkhan po 'Jigs phun's Advice to Tibetans of the 21st Century" in ''Mapping the Modern in Tibet'' (International Institute for Tibetan and Buddhist Studies, 2011). ([https://www.colorado.edu/rlst/holly-gayley Source Accessed Jul 21, 2020])
Great Dzogchen yogi and practitioner of the Ratna Lingpa (Rat+na gling pa) transmissions. A disciple of Drupwang Tsoknyi and rebirth of both Lingje Repa (Gling rje ras pa) and Guru Thugse Gyalwa Chogyang (Guru thugs sras rgyal ba mchog dbyangs). +
Geshe Drakpa Gelek (1955–2018) was born Lhakpa Tsering to parents in the Keydong, Zongka region in Central Tibet. He sought political asylum in India in the wake of Communist China's invasion and subsequent occupation of Tibet, which until then, preserved one of humankind's most ancient civilizations and traditions. He began his monastic education in one of Tibet's largest center of learning, Drepung Losel-Ling Monastic University, which is now re-established in India. (Founded in 1416 in Tibet, Drepung was the home of the early Dalai Lamas.)
He was formally ordained as a novice monk by His Eminence Drepung Khenchen Pema Gyaltsen and was given the religious name Drakpa Gelek. In 1991, Geshe Drakpa Gelek successfully completed the intensive spiritual studies and training in the five sciences, and graduated with a Master of Metaphysics degree, called Geshe, from Drepung Loseling Monastic University. Following completion of the Geshe degree, he enrolled himself at the re-established Lower Tantric University in Hunsur, India, in 1992. For his skilled communication and originality, he was unanimously appointed as Disciplinarian of the Tantric University. Geshe Drakpa taught Buddhist philosophy and practice at Drepung University from 1991 to 1997, and is well-known for his spiritual insights, knowledge, and debating skills.
He received profound and vast Buddhist teachings from distinguished and accomplished spiritual teachers including His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama, the Dalai Lama's tutors His Eminence Kyabje Ling Rinpoche and His Eminence Kyabje Trijang Rinpoche, as well as other realized Buddhist saint-scholars. He received spiritual education in the five major Buddhist philosophy and tenets (such as the Buddhist Science of Debate, the perfection of wisdom, the theory of the Middle Way View, ethical discipline, and the Buddhist science of Cosmology by several of Tibet's renowned saint-scholars and accomplished spiritual masters such as His Eminence Drepung Khenchen Pema Gyaltsen, and His Eminence Shakor Khen Nyima Gyaltsen.
Geshe Drakpa received rare oral transmissions of the entire texts of the Buddha's actual teaching, the Kangyur in 1999 and 2000, and the complete works of the founder of the Gelukpa sect, Je Tsongkhapa Rinpoche, and his two heart-disciples saint-scholar Gyaltsab Je and Khedrup Je. He also received explanatory transmission of "The Great Commentary of the Kalachakra Tantra" from His Eminence Kyabje Kirti Tsenshab Rinpoche, and the complete oral transmission of the 225 voluminous Buddhist spiritual commentaries, the Tengyur, written by the great masters from India and Tibet, from the accomplished hermit His Eminence Paknang Rinpoche.
Geshe-la spend many years living in solitude in spiritual retreat in the high mountains in Dharamsala where the headquarters of the Tibetan Government in-exile is based. He received empowerments and experiential teachings from His Holiness the Dalai Lama and occasionally from other spiritual teachers. He has taught general Tantra and Kalachakra Tantra grounds and paths to the monks of Namgyal Monastery, the personal monastery of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, during their regular annual summer retreat. In recent years he traveled to the United States, South Korea, Spain, Belgium, and France to give teachings.
Geshe-la passed away in India in December, 2018. ([https://www.tbcwp.org/geshe-drakpa-gelek-archive.html Source Accessed Dec 1, 2023])
Kyabje Nawang Gehlek Rimpoche (Tibetan: སྐྱབས་རྗེ་དགེ་ལེགས་རིན་པོ་ཆེ།, Wylie: skyabs rje dge legs rin po che/) was a Tibetan Buddhist lama born in Lhasa, Tibet on October 26, 1939. His personal name was Gelek; kyabje and rimpoche, are titles meaning "teacher" (lit., "lord of refuge") and "precious," respectively. He was a tulku, an incarnate lama of Drepung Monastic University, where he received the scholastic degree of Geshe Lharampa, the highest degree given, at the exceptionally young age of 20. The 14th Dalai Lama said "he completed his traditional Buddhist training as a monk in Tibet prior to the Chinese Takeover."
Considered "an important link to the great lineages of Tibet’s great masters, especially of the Geluk school. Known more famously for the Tibetans as Nyakre Khentrul Rinpoche, Rinpoche had been instrumental in reprinting many of the Geluk texts in the 1970s, and also remained an important object of affection for both Kyabje Ling Rinpoche and Kyabje Trijang Rinpoche. Of course, his emergence as one of the great Tibetan teachers in the West has also been a source of inspiration for many.” Gelek Rimpoche was a nephew of the 13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso. He was tutored by many of the same masters who tutored the current 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso.
In 1959, Gelek Rimpoche fled to India from Tibet and gave up monastic life. He was one of the first students of the Young Lamas Home School. He was director of Tibet House in New Delhi, India and a radio host at All India Radio. He conducted over 1000 interviews, compiling an oral history of the fall of Tibet to the Communist Chinese. He was the founder and president of Jewel Heart, "a spiritual, cultural, and humanitarian organization that translates the ancient wisdom of Tibetan Buddhism into contemporary life."
He moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan in 1987 to teach Buddhism. He became an American citizen and founded Buddhist communities in Ann Arbor, Bloomfield Hills, Chicago, Cleveland, Nebraska, New York, Maylaysia and The Netherlands.
Beat-poet Allen Ginsberg was among the more prominent of Jewel Heart's members. Ginsberg met with Gelek Rinpoche through the modern composer Philip Glass in 1989. Allen and Philip jointly staged benefits for the Jewel Heart organization. Professor Robert Thurman, Joe Liozzo, and Glenn Mullin are also Jewel Heart members and frequent lecturers.
Gelek Rinpoche died on February 15, 2017 in Ann Arbor, Michigan after undergoing surgery the previous month. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelek_Rimpoche Source Accessed Aug 25, 2020])
Tenzin Gelek is the co-founder of Latse Project and has served as program officer at Latse. He has extensive experience in program management and leading cross-functional teams. For over 20 years, he has been a trusted advisor to many tech and nonprofit organizations ranging from Google to Tibet House, and he has been an active Dharma translator in New York City and beyond. He is currently Senior Specialist, Himalayan Culture and Art, at the Rubin Museum. ([https://rubinmuseum.org/events/event/from-potala-palace-to-the-rubin-museum Source Accessed Oct 29, 2021]) +
William Gemmell's translation of ''The Diamond Sutra'', first published in 1912, was one of the first books to introduce general readers in the West to Buddhism. It still stands as a refreshing, easy-to-understand look at an ancient and enduring tradition. +
Japanese Tendaishū monk, scholar, and artist, popularly known as Eshin Sōzu (Head Monk of Eshin) because he spent much of his life at the monastery of Eshin at Yokawa on Hieizan. Genshin was born in Yamoto province (present-day Nara prefecture), but after losing his father at a young age, he was put in the care of the Tendai center on Mt. Hiei. It is believed that during his teens he formally joined the institution and became a student of the Tendai reformer Ryōgen (912–985). Genshin first gained a name for himself in 974 due to his sterling performance in an important debate at Mt. Hiei. Eventually, Genshin retired to the secluded monastery of Shuryōgon'in in Yokawa, where he devoted the rest of his life primarily to scholarship. Genshin wrote on a wide array of Buddhist topics related to both Tendai and Pure Land practices and is also regarded as the founder of the Eshin school of Tendai, which espoused the notion that everyone in inherently awakened (J. ''hongaku''). (Source: "Genshin." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 318. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
James Gentry is Assistant Professor of Religious Studies. He specializes in Tibetan Buddhism, with particular focus on the literature and history of its Tantric traditions. He is the author of Power Objects in Tibetan Buddhism: The Life, Writings, and Legacy of Sokdokpa Lodrö Gyeltsen, which examines the roles of Tantric material and sensory objects in the lives and institutions of Tibetan and Himalayan Buddhists.
James’s research ranges across Tibetan and Himalayan intellectual history, material culture, contemplative and ritual practice, and scriptural translation, revelation, and canonicity, from the Tibetan imperial period to the present. His current projects include a study of the reception in Tibet from the 9th century to the present of the “Five Protectors” (Pañcarakṣā)—a set of five Indian Tantric Buddhist texts that have been among the most popular scriptures used for pragmatic purposes throughout the Buddhist world. James is also doing a study of a comprehensive literary treatment of Himalayan religious material culture: a 20th century compilation entitled A Treatise on the Paraphernalia and Musical Instruments of the Old School of Secret Mantra. His work on this compilation is directed toward the creation of a multimedia encyclopedia of Tibetan Buddhist material culture for use among scholars, teachers, and students of Asian religions.
Before joining Stanford, James was on the faculty of the University of Virginia. He has also taught at Rangjung Yeshe Institute’s Centre for Buddhist Studies at Kathmandu University, where he served as director of its Master of Arts program in Translation, Textual Interpretation, and Philology. He has also served as editor-in-chief of the project 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha, which aims to commission English translations of the Buddhist sūtras, tantras, and commentaries preserved in Tibetan translation and publish them in an online open-access forum (http://84000.co). ([https://religiousstudies.stanford.edu/people/james-gentry Source: Stanford Official Website)
David Germano is the Executive Director of the Contemplative Sciences Center. He has taught and researched Tibetan and Buddhist Studies at the University of Virginia since 1992. In this context, he works extensively with each of the eleven schools at UVA to explore learning, research, and engagement initiatives regarding contemplation in their own disciplinary and professional areas. He is currently focused on the exploration of contemplative ideas, values, and practices involving humanistic and scientific methodologies, as well as new applications in diverse fields; he also holds a faculty appointment in the School of Nursing. He is one of the co-leaders of the Student Flourishing Initiative, a three-way partnership with UVA, the University of Wisconsin, and Penn State University, as well as the lead organizer of an international research community of scholars and translators specializing in the Great Perfection (Dzokchen) tradition of Tibetan Buddhism. ([http://uvacontemplation.org/content/david-germano Source Accessed June 11, 2019]) +
Gesar of Ling, the legendary Tibetan ruler, warrior, and spiritual leader, is the central hero of a vast collection of stories that has been described as the world’s largest epic tradition. In European terms, we could say that Gesar is both King Arthur and Merlin. Like Arthur, he is the exemplary king and warrior who unites and defends his people in times of trouble and great danger. Like Merlin, he is a spiritual leader, but also a magician and trickster. In later centuries, he is also seen as a full-fledged tantric deity and important figure of the Dzogchen tradition.
Versions of Gesar’s story have been told for many hundreds of years by Tibetans and neighboring peoples, such as the Baltis and people of Hunza to the west and the various Mongol peoples to the east and north. As epics do, the stories of Gesar deal with central issues of human existence. They also provide insights into many aspects of Tibetan religion and culture. That is why the appearance of this new translation of Gesar stories is so important and welcome. (Source: [https://www.lionsroar.com/from-folk-hero-to-deity/ Shambhala Publications]) +
Rupert Mark Lovell Gethin (born 1957, Edinburgh) is Professor of Buddhist Studies in the Department of Theology and Religious Studies and co-director of the Centre for Buddhist Studies at the University of Bristol, and (since 2003) president of the Pali Text Society. He holds a BA in Comparative Religion (1980), a master's degree in Buddhist Studies (1982), and a PhD in Buddhist Studies (1987), all from the University of Manchester. He was appointed Lecturer in Indian Religions by the University of Bristol in 1987, and then Professor In Buddhist Studies in 2009.
His main area of research is the history and development of Buddhist thought and practice in the Nikayas and Abhidhamma. His major publications include ''The Buddhist Path to Awakening'' and ''Sayings of the Buddha: New translations from the Pali Nikayas''. His 1998 book ''The Foundations of Buddhism'' is frequently used in university-level classes on Buddhism in English-speaking countries.
Gethin is a practicing Buddhist. He initially studied meditation in the Samatha Trust organization, which has its roots in the meditation practice of Nai Boonman, a former Thai Theravadan Buddhist monk. Gethin has led a class on mindfulness of breathing in Bristol since the 1990s. ([https://encyclopediaofbuddhism.org/wiki/Rupert_Gethin Source Accessed Mar 16, 2021]) +
Stephen Gethin studied veterinary medicine at Cambridge University, where he was also awarded a choral exhibition. After a number of years in professional practice, he spent much of the 1980s undertaking two three-year retreats in France, where he now lives and, as a founding member of the Padmakara Translation Group, continues to translate. He became a Tsadra Foundation Translation Fellow in 2005. His published translations include Nagarjuna’s ''Letter to a Friend'', ''Zurchungpa’s Testament'', Dudjom Rinpoche’s ''A Torch Lighting the Way to Freedom'', and Jamgön Mipham’s commentaries on Padmasambhava’s ''Garland of Views'' and the ''Mahāyāna-sūtrālaṃkāra''. He is currently working on a detailed preliminary practice commentary by Shechen Gyaltsap and on a volume of Jamgön Kongtrul’s ''Treasury of Precious Instructions''. ([https://www.colorado.edu/event/lotsawa/presenters/stephen-gethin Source Accessed Sept 18, 2020]) +
Gharungwa Lhai Gyeltsen (g+ha rung ba lha'i rgyal mtshan) was born at Nyetang (snye thang) in 1319.
At five years of age he received ordination as a novice monk at Kumbumtang (sku 'bum thang) and began studies of the monastic code. For two years he also studied Prajñāpāramitā, epistemology, and Abhidharma. Then he traveled to many different monasteries in U for further studies in the same subjects and others such as the Bodhisattvacaryāvatāra and the Five Treatises of Maitreya. While at the great Karma Kaygu monastery of Tsurpu (mtshur phu), he received the transmission of several tantras from the clairvoyant yogin Tokden Drakseng (rtogs ldan grags seng), who also recognized him as an incarnation of the Indian master Aryadeva.
When he was twenty years old Gharungwa traveled to the Tsang region, where he reached a high level of expertise in the treatises of the vehicle of the perfections, epistemology, Abhidharma, and the monastic code under the teacher Konchok Sangpo (slob dpon dkon bzang, d.u.) at Drakram Monastery (brag ram). He also studied and taught at many other places before arriving at the great monastery of Sakya (sa skya), where he studied the same subjects under the master Jamyang Chokyi Gyeltsen ('jam dbyangs chos kyi rgyal mtshan, d.u.), but also received the Tantra Trilogy of Hevajra and the Bodhisattva Trilogy.
He then studied at Pelteng Monastery (dpal steng dgon) under the master Rinchen Zangpo (rin chen bzang po, d.u.), and next traveled to the Kagyu monastery of Ralung (ra lung dgon), where he received many tantric transmissions such as the initiations of Hevjara in both the Sakya and the Kagyu traditions and the Doha Trilogy of the great Indian adept Saraha. While at Ralung, he heard about Dolpopa Sherab Gyeltsen (dol po pa shes rab rgyal mtshan) and was filled with faith.
When Gharungwa was thirty-two years old he arrived at Jonang Monastery (jo nang dgon) and met Dolpopa. He offered the great master a white conch shell and other gifts and received many initiations such as Kālacakra and Guhyasamāja, and all the guiding instructions such as the six-branch yoga. He gained exceptional experience in meditation, actually beheld Avalokiteśvara and his pure land, and experienced pure visions such as the transformation of himself into a buddha and the light rays of his own body illuminating the entire three worlds. For many years Gharungwa received from Dolpopa a number of profound teachings such as the Bodhisattva Trilogy and the ten sutras of definitive meaning.
Gharungwa also received special transmissions from some of Dolpopa's other major disciples: from Kunpang Chodrak Pelzang (kun spangs chos grags dpal bzang, 1283-1363) he received the Vimalaprabhā commentary on the Kālacakra Tantra seven times, the instructions of the six-branch yoga, Nāropa's commentary on the Sekoddesha, and so forth; from Jonang Lotsāwa Lodro Pel (jo nang lo tsA wa blo gros dpal, 1299-c.1353) he received the Vimalaprabhā and other tantric teachings; from Mati Paṇchen (ma ti paN chen blo gros rgyal mtshan, 1294-1376) he received many teachings such as the Five Treatises of Maitreya and the Lamdre (lam 'bras); from Chokle Namgyel (phyogs las rnam rgyal, 1306-1386) and Nyawon Kunga Pel (nya dbon nun dga' dpal, 1285-1379) he received many transmissions such as the Lamdre in both the Sakya tradition and the Shang tradition, and the Bodhisattva Trilogy.
Gharungwa then ascended to the monastic seat of Gharung Monastery (g+ha rung), where he taught for many years. He was eventually offered the hermitage of Namkha Dzod (nam mkha' mdzod) and took up residence there, teaching the Vimalaprabhā and various other topics.
He passed away in 1401.
Pratāpacandra Ghoṣa published a heroic Sanskrit edition (1902–13) of the first section (''khaṇḍa'') of the [''Śatasāhasrikāprajñāpāramitā''] ''Hundred Thousand'' that runs to 1,676 pages. ([https://read.84000.co/translation/toh10.html?id=&part=introduction Adapted from Source Oct 7, 2022]) +
William J. Giddings has a specific interest in the application of critical theory and narratological methods in improving the understanding of the origins and development of early Buddhist mythology. He holds a PhD in theology and religious studies
from King’s College London. ([https://www-jstor-org.du.idm.oclc.org/stable/10.7312/salg17994 Source Accessed Sep 13, 2021]) +
Rolf W. Giebel was born in Hawera, New Zealand, in 1954. He came to Japan in 1972 and took a B.A. in Japanese at the Tokyo University of Foreign Studies in 1977 and an M.A. in Indian Philosophy at the University of Tokyo in 1980. After spending three years on the editorial staff of a publishing company in Tokyo, he returned to the University of Tokyo in 1984 and at present continues his studies while working as a translator. Other of his translations include ''Tibetan Buddhist Art'' (Tokyo: Hakusuisha, 1984), ''An Introduction to the Buddhist Canon'' (Tokyo: Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai, 1984), ''The Alps'' (Tokyo: Gyosei, 1986), and a Japanese translation of ''The Theory and Practice of the Mandala'' by the late Giuseppe Tucci (Tokyo: Hirakawa Shuppansha, 1984). ([https://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/en/files/2018/06/Takasaki-Jikido_An-Introduction-to-Buddhism.pdf Source Accessed July 2, 2020]) +
Peter Gilks completed his PhD in Asian Studies at The Australian National University in 2011. He is now an assistant professor in the Department of Entertainment Management at I-Shou University, Taiwan. His research interests include popular culture, music marketing, language testing and Buddhism. Current research projects in the area of celebrity studies include the role that English-speaking ability plays in shaping the image of Taiwanese celebrities and the impact of the celebrification of Buddhist leaders. ([https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19392397.2015.1088393 Source Accessed July 21, 2020]) +
Robert Gimello is a historian of Buddhism with special interests also in the Theology of Religions and in Comparative Mysticism.
In the field of Buddhist Studies he concentrates especially on Buddhism in East Asia (China, Korea, & Japan), most particularly on the Buddhism of medieval and early modern China. The traditions of Buddhist thought and practice on which he especially focuses are Huáyán/Hwaŏm/Kegon 華嚴 (The “Flower-Ornament” Tradition), Chán 禪 (Zen), and Mijiao/Milgyo/Mikkyō 密教 (Esoteric/Tantric Buddhism), in the study of which he is particularly concerned with the relationships between Buddhist thought or doctrine and Buddhist contemplative and liturgical practice.
In the area of Theology of Religions, against the background of contemporary debates about the theological implications of religious pluralism, and in critical response to major trends in the ongoing Buddhist-Christian dialogue, he is concerned chiefly with the question of what Catholic Christian theology can, should, or must make of Buddhism.
In the field of the study of mysticism, he joins regularly in the debates, chiefly among philosophers of religion, about the differences and similarities among various mystical traditions and about the relationship between mystical experience and the practices and beliefs that comprise religious traditions. ([https://theology.nd.edu/people/robert-m-gimello/ Source Accessed June 12, 2019]) +
A student of Jamgön Kongtrul, Patrul Rinpoche, Mipam Gyatso, etc. A teacher of Mewa Khenchen Sönam Gönpo. +
Hank's research focuses on sacred art, religious narrative, preaching traditions and gender in medieval Japanese Buddhism. His publications include “Shaka no honji: Preaching, Intertextuality, and Popular Hagiography,” ''Monumenta Nipponica'' 62/3 (Autumn 2007); “Chinese Buddhist Death Ritual and the Transformation of Japanese Kinship,” in ''The Buddhist Dead: Practices, Discourses, Representations'', ed. by Cuevas and Stone (Hawai'i, 2007); and ''The Face of Jizō: Image and Cult in Medieval Japanese Buddhism'' (Hawai'i, 2012). +
Gherardo Gnoli (6 December 1937 in Rome – 7 March 2012 in Cagli) was a historian of Italian religions and Iran expert.
Gherardo Gnoli has been since 1996 the president of the Italian Institute for Africa and the East (IsIAO). He was also the head of the Public Counsel Institute and later the Italian Institute for the Middle and the Far East (ISMEO), which had been founded in 1933 by Giovanni Gentile and Giuseppe Tucci. He headed the Italy-Africa Institute (IIA), which had been founded in 1906 under the name of "Italian Colonial Institute" by Italian explorers, academics and diplomats.
He was a professor of Iranian philosophy at the University of Naples "L'Orientale" (from 1965 to 1993, where he became the chancellor from 1971 to 1978 and the head of religious history of Iran and Central Asia at La Sapienza University of Rome (from 1993 to 2008). In addition he was the president of the same academy from 1979 to 1995. From 1995 until his death, Gherardo Gnoli was also the president of the Italian Society for the History of Religions. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gherardo_Gnoli Source Accessed Aug 4, 2023]) +
The Count Raniero Gnoli (born January 20, 1930 in Rome) is an Orientalist, historian of religion and Indologist. Pupil of Giuseppe Tucci and Mario Praz, Raniero Gnoli was a Professor of Indology at the University of Rome La Sapienza 1964 to 2000, as well as dean of the "School of Oriental Studies" in the same university. [A] famous Sanskritist, [his] scope of research covered the theologies and religious philosophies of India, especially those related to Tantric Shaivism (i.e., Kashmir Shaivism) medieval schools of Buddhist logic and doctrines exposed in Kālacakratantra. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raniero_Gnoli Source Accessed Mar 15, 2021]) +
Despite the variations in the titles preceding the personal name, dPal-dbyangs, it seems certain that they all refer to one personage who belongs to the clan gNyan/bsNyan and who apparently was a renowned master learned in Mahāyoga tantras and rDzogs chen doctrines . . .
. . . However, nothing is known about his life. According to Tāranātha, he lived in Kha-ra sgo-bstun, a district in gTsang where Tāranātha himself was born and gNyan is said to have founded a temple called g.Yung-drung-gi lha-khang in 'Dam-chen.
. . . gNyan dPal-dbyangs, in later sources is considered to be a disciple of Lo-tsā-ba gNyags Jñanakumāra ''alias'' Jo-bo Zhang-drung and one of the teachers of gNubs Sangs-rgyas ye-shes, the author of the ''SM'' [''Bsam gtan mig sgron''] . . .
(Samten Karmay, ''The Great Perfection (rDzogs chen): A Philosophical and Meditative Teaching of Tibetan Buddhism'', Brill's Tibetan Studies Library 11 [Leiden: Brill, 2007], 67–69. +
Dwight Goddard was a Christian missionary to China when he first came in contact with Buddhism. In 1928, he spent a year living at a Zen monastery in Japan. In 1934, he founded "The Followers of Buddha, an American Brotherhood," with the goal of applying the traditional monastic structure of Buddhism more strictly than Senzaki and Sokei-an. The group was largely unsuccessful: no Americans were recruited to join as monks and attempts failed to attract a Chinese Chan (Zen) master to come to the United States. However, Goddard's efforts as an author and publisher bore considerable fruit. In 1930, he began publishing ZEN: A Buddhist Magazine. In 1932, he collaborated with D. T. Suzuki on a translation of the ''Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra''. That same year, he published the first edition of ''A Buddhist Bible'', an anthology of Buddhist scriptures focusing on those used in Chinese and Japanese Zen. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhism_in_the_United_States#Dwight_Goddard Source Accessed Dec 3, 2019])
For an interesting article on Goddard's life, see Robert Aitken's article [https://tricycle.org/magazine/still-speaking/ "Still Speaking"] in the Spring 1994 issue of ''Tricycle: The Buddhist Review''. +
Zuisei is a writer and lay Zen teacher based in Playa del Carmen in the south of Mexico. Zuisei lived and trained full time at Zen Mountain Monastery from 1995 to 2018, and was a monk for fourteen of those years. In 2018 she received ''shiho'' or dharma transmission (empowerment to teach) from Geoffrey Shugen Arnold Roshi, and after a short stint in New York City, moved back to Mexico, where she is originally from, and began teaching virtually.
She has served as the Teachings Editor at the Buddhist journal ''Tricycle'', and her dharma writing has been featured there as well as in ''Lion's Roar'', ''Buddhadharma'', and ''Parabola''. Her books include ''Still Running: The Art of Meditation in Motion'' and the children's book ''Weather Any Storm''.
As Ocean Mind Sangha's Guiding Teacher, Zuisei continues to welcome students for group and private teaching. ([https://www.oceanmindsangha.org/zuisei-goddard Source Accessed April 25, 2024]) +
Dr. V. V. Gokhale was a professor of Buddhist studies in India. He received his doctoral degree from the University of Heidelberg and taught at Fergusson College from 1932 to 1959. He was appointed Reader in the Department of Buddhist studies at the University of Delhi and then later became Professor and Head of the department.
Dr. Gokhale maintained an interest in the ''Pratītyasamutpāda-sūtra'' and Madhyamaka philosophy throughout his career. Among his numerous articles, he wrote several on Bhāvaviveka's ''Tarkajvālā'' commentary on Nāgārjuna's ''Madhyamakaśāstra'', and he published the ''Abhidharmakoṣa-kārikās'' of Vasubandhu. (Source: ''Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute'' 74, no. 1/4 (1993), 349–51) +
<h2>Summary</h2>
Daniel Gold has broad interests in South Asian religion and culture, with research specializations in old Hindi poetry, early modern North Indian devotional cultures, and contemporary religious life. He has also written on the study of religion.
<h2>Research Focus</h2>
Gold is currently revisiting the early modern Hindi saint-poets known collectively as "sants." Situating the religious cultures that have grown up around particular figures in their separate historical contexts, he seeks to understand factors affecting the diversity of the religious cultures that emerged around specific sants and continuities in the development of their tradition as a whole. ([https://religious-studies.cornell.edu/daniel-gold Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023]) +
Jonathan C. Gold is Assistant Professor and Behrman Faculty Fellow in the Department of Religion at Princeton University, which he joined in 2008. His research focuses on Indian and Tibetan Buddhist approaches to interpretation, translation, learning and knowledge. He is the author of ''The Dharma’s Gatekeepers: Sakya Paṇḍita on Buddhist Scholarship in Tibet'' (State University of New York Press, 2007) and ''Paving the Great Way: Vasubandhu’s Unifying Buddhist Philosophy'' (Columbia University Press, 2014). He is founder of the Princeton University Buddhist Ethics Reading Group and co-chair of the Columbia University Seminar on Comparative Philosophy. +
Also known as Ngawang Samten, Lama Jay Goldberg is a translator of “The Beautiful Ornament of the Three Visions”, “Mo, Tibetan Divination System”, “The Sage’s Intent”, “The Sutra of Recollecting the Three Jewels” (with commentary by Khenpo Appey) and many translations of sadhanas and rituals. He is a long-time Dharma practitioner who lived in India for 17 years, including 14 years as a monk in Rajpur as a disciple of His Holiness Sakya Trizin. H.E. Jetsun Kushok says of Jay Goldberg: “He is a longtime student of His Holiness Sakya Trizin and has been my personal translator. He is an excellent Sakyapa now practicing in daily life.” Lama Jay Goldberg is the practice director at Sakya Dechen Ling, HE Jetsun Kushok Chimey Luding’s center in the Bay area.
([https://tsechennamdrolling.wordpress.com/recent/ Source Accessed September 19, 2015]) +
Ari Goldfield is a Buddhist teacher. He had the unique experience of being continuously in the training and service of his own teacher, Khenpo Tsültrim Gyamtso Rinpoche, for eleven years. From 1998-2009, Ari served as Khenpo Rinpoche’s translator and secretary, accompanying Rinpoche on seven round-the-world teaching tours. Ari received extensive instruction from Rinpoche in Buddhist philosophy, meditation, and teaching methods, and meditated under Rinpoche’s guidance in numerous retreats. In 2006, Khenpo Rinpoche sent Ari on his own tour to teach philosophy, meditation, and yogic exercise in Europe, North America, and Asia. In 2007, Ari moved with Rinpoche to Seattle, where he served and helped care for him until Rinpoche moved back to Nepal in 2009. Ari now teaches in Rinpoche’s Karma Kagyu lineage, with the blessings of the head of the lineage, H.H. the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa, and of Khenpo Rinpoche.
Ari is also a published translator and author of books, articles, and numerous songs of realization and texts on Buddhist philosophy and meditation. These include Khenpo Rinpoche’s books ''Stars of Wisdom'', ''The Sun of Wisdom'', and Rinpoche’s ''Song of the Eight Flashing Lances'' teaching, which appeared in ''The Best Buddhist Writing'' 2007. He is a contributing author of ''Freeing the Body, Freeing the Mind: Writings on the Connections Between Yoga and Buddhism''.
Ari studied Buddhist texts in Tibetan and Sanskrit at Buddhist monasteries in Nepal and India, and at the Central Institute for Higher Tibetan Studies in India. In addition to translating for Khenpo Rinpoche, he has also served as translator for H.H. Karmapa, Tenga Rinpoche, and many other Tibetan teachers. From 2007–11, Ari served as president of the Marpa Foundation, a nonprofit organization initiated by Khenpo Rinpoche that supports Buddhist translation, nunneries in Bhutan and Nepal, and other Buddhist activities. Ari holds a BA from Harvard College and a JD from Harvard Law School, both with honors. ([https://insightla.org/teacher/ari-goldfield-2/ Source Accessed July 22, 2020])
Robert Goldman is the William and Catherine Magistretti Distinguished Professor of Sanskrit and India Studies. He completed his doctoral studies at the University of Pennsylvania in 1971 and has taught and held fellowships and several academic institutions around the world, including the University of Rochester, Oxford University, Jadavpur University and Jawaharlal Nehru University. His areas of scholarly interest include Sanskrit literature and literary theory, Indian Epic Studies, and psychoanalytically oriented cultural studies. He has published widely in these areas, authoring several books and dozens of scholarly articles. He is perhaps best known for his work as the Director, General Editor, and a principal translator of a massive and fully annotated Princeton University Press translation of the critical edition of the ''Valmiki Ramayana'', perhaps the single most widely copied and massively influential text on the religions, literatures, societies politics and general cultures of the entire region of South and Southeast Asia from antiquity to the modern world. His work has been recognized by several awards, fellowships and prizes including election as a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1966), Citation and Award for Distinguished Teaching at the University of California at Berkeley (1974), Honorary Fellowship at Calcutta Sanskrit College (1992), Honorary Degree of "Vidyāsāgara" ("Ocean of Learning") by the Mandākinī Saṃskṛta Vidvat Pariṣad, New Delhi (1997), President’s Certificate of Honour for Sanskrit (International) (2013), Excellence in Teaching Award presented by the Phi Beta Kappa Northern California Association (2016), the World Sanskrit Award 2017 presented by the Indian Council for Cultural Relations, (2017) and the A.K. Ramanujan Translation Prize by the Association of Asian Studies (with Sally Sutherland Goldman) (2020). ([https://sseas.berkeley.edu/people/robert-p-goldman/ Source Accessed Feb 7, 2023]) +
Joseph Goldstein has been leading insight and lovingkindness meditation retreats worldwide since 1974. He is a cofounder of the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, Massachusetts, where he is one of the organization’s guiding teachers. In 1989, together with several other teachers and students of insight meditation, he helped establish the Barre Center for Buddhist Studies.
Joseph first became interested in Buddhism as a Peace Corps volunteer in Thailand in 1965. Since 1967 he has studied and practiced different forms of Buddhist meditation under eminent teachers from India, Burma and Tibet. He is the author of ''Mindfulness: A Practical Guide to Awakening'', ''A Heart Full of Peace'', ''One Dharma: The Emerging Western Buddhism'', ''Insight Meditation: The Practice of Freedom'', ''The Experience of Insight'', and co-author of ''Seeking the Heart of Wisdom'' and ''Insight Meditation: A Correspondence Course''. (Source: [https://www.dharma.org/teacher/joseph-goldstein/ Insight Meditation Society]) +
John Reynolds Harkness Professor of Anthropology, [[Case Western Reserve University]]
Co-Director, [[Center for Research on Tibet]]
Dr. Goldstein is a socio-cultural anthropologist specializing in Tibetan society. HIs topical interest include family and marriage (polyandry), cross-cultural and global aging, population studies, cultural ecology and economic development/change. He has conducted research in Tibet (Tibet Autonomous Region of China) on a range of topics including nomadic pastoralism, the impact of economic reforms on rural Tibet, family planning and fertility, the revival of Buddhism, modern Tibetan history, and socio-economic change. His has also conducted research in India (with Tibetan refugees), in northwest Nepal (with a Tibetan border community in Limi), in western Mongolia (with a nomadic pastoral community in Hovd province), in Kathmandu on family planning and intergenerational relations, and in eastern China on modernization and the elderly). Dr. Goldstein's current projects include: an oral history of Tibet, a multi-volume history of modern Tibet, a longitudinal study of the impact of China's reform policies on Tibetan nomads and a study investigating modernization and changing patterns of intergenerational relations in rural farming Tibet. [http://www.case.edu/artsci/anth/goldstein.html Source: Professor's Page at Case Western (Accessed March 17, 2012)]
*Goldstein's research and articles:
:: http://www.case.edu/affil/tibet/CollectedArticles.htm
:: http://www.case.edu/affil/tibet/index.htm
:: [[File:Interview with Melvyn Goldstein.pdf]] +
Richard Gombrich is the Emeritus Professor of Sanskrit at Oxford University and a member of the Oriental Institute and Balliol College. He is the Founder and Director of the Oxford Centre for Buddhist Studies as well as the General Editor of the Clay Sanskrit Library. ([https://www.ox.ac.uk/research/research-in-conversation/how-live-happy-life/professor-richard-gombrich Source Accessed Jan 27, 2022]) +
Prof. GONG Jun 龔隽 is currently based in the Department of Philosophy at Sun Yat-sen University (Guangzhou, China). His research interest covers Chan Buddhism, the intellectual history of Chinese Buddhism, and Chinese philosophy. Born in 1964 in Jiangxi, China, Gong studied philosophy and Buddhism at Wuhan University and East China Normal University in Shanghai. Having finished his PhD, Gong started his academic career at South China Normal University in Guangzhou in 1993, and then moved to Sun Yat-sen University in 2001. He stayed one year at Harvard University (2002-2003) as Harvard-Yenching visiting scholar. Being solidly trained in both Chinese philosophy and Buddhist literature, Gong has authored a number of influential monographs such as ''Dacheng qixin lun yu Foxue zhongguohua'' 大乘起信論與佛學中國化 (The ''Awakening of Faith'' and Sinolization of Buddhism, 2001), and ''Chanshi gouchen'' 禅史鈎沉 (Essays Investigating the Hidden Historical Facts about Chan Buddhism, 2006), etc. Overall, Gong’s work demonstrates a very fine combination of philosophical debates with textual analysis. He also dedicates to dealing with methodological issues, his ''Zhongguo Chanxue yanjiu rumen'' 中國禅學研究入門 (Introduction to the studies in Chinese Chan Buddhism; 2009; co-authored with CHEN Jidong 陳繼東), for instance, offers methodological guidance and is deemed a must for junior researchers in this field. ([https://frogbear.org/guest-lecture-gong-jun/ Source Accessed July 3, 2020]) +
Gongdezhi was a translator who lived in the 5th century. He translated the ''Anantamukhasādhakadhāraṇī'' 無量門破魔陀羅尼經 (''Wúliàng mén pò mó tuóluóní jīng''), T1014, 19: https://21dzk.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp/SAT2012/T1014.html. +
Khenpo Tsering Gonpo (mkhan po tshe ring mgon po, b. ca. 1970) graduated from Larung Gar Philosophical College as a disciple of Khenpo Jigme Phuntsok. He currently resides at Dzagyal Trama Lung hermitages in Upper Dzachukha. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond) +
David Gonsalez (Losang Tsering) has been practicing Dharma for over twenty-five years and since that time has devoted the entirety of his life to practice, study, translation, as well as hosting and organizing numerous Dharma teachings and events in the Seattle area. He first began studying with Geshe Khenrab Gajam and traveled to Montreal on several occasions to receive teachings. After Geshe Khenrab’s passing David developed a close relationship with several lamas including Lama Zopa Rinpoche and Ribur Rinpoche. Most notably David invited Gen Lobsang Choephel to Seattle on five occasions at which time he received countless empowerments, oral transmissions, and commentaries. David has also received numerous empowerments and teachings from other great lamas such as Lati Rinpoche, Denma Locho Rinpoche, Kirti Tsenshab Rinpoche, and many more.
David has devoted a great deal of the last twenty-five years to retreat and has completed forty-three fully qualified retreats including subsequent fire pujas. As the translator for Dechen Ling Press these retreats give David a unique opportunity to approach these translations as not only a translator but an experienced practitioner as well assuring the translations are accurate and true to the lineage passed down through Tibetan lamas. ([https://dechenlingpress.org/about/the-translator/ Source: Dechen Link Press 2014 Website]) +
Charles Goodman is Professor in the Philosophy Department and the Department of Asian and Asian-American Studies at Binghamton University. His first book was ''Consequences of Compassion: An Interpretation and Defense of Buddhist Ethics'' (2009). As a member of the Cowherds collaboration, he is also a co-author of ''Moonpaths: Ethics and Emptiness'' (2016). Recently he published the first complete translation of the ''Śikṣā-samuccaya'' in over ninety years, entitled [https://research.tsadra.org/index.php/The_Training_Anthology_of_%C5%9A%C4%81ntideva ''The Training Anthology of Śāntideva''] (2016).
Charles holds a BA in Physics from Harvard University and a Ph.D. in Philosophy from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He has published numerous articles and book chapters on the works of Mahāyāna Buddhist philosophers, including Śāntideva, Bhāvaviveka, Nāgārjuna, Dharmakīrti, and Vasubandhu. His work emphasizes aspects of Buddhist thought that can offer valuable insights for the philosophy of today. Charles has also published several articles on applied ethics and political philosophy in the Western tradition. His writings on Buddhist philosophy have explored a range of topics, including ethical theory, conceptions of well-being, free will, and personal identity. ([https://www.binghamton.edu/aaas/faculty/profile.html?id=cgoodman Source Accessed Mar 29, 2021]) +
[Isidro Gordi] was born in Mollet del Vallés (Barcelona) in 1954. A pacifist from a very young age, he was one of the first conscientious objectors in Spain, which is why he suffered exile from 1973 to 1977. During this time he traveled throughout Europe, landing for a long period of time in Greece, whose culture and customs captivated him and aroused his “appetite for the East”. He returned to Spain thanks to the pardon granted after Franco's death.
Nostalgic for the Greek islands, in 1979, he settled in Menorca where his first encounter with a Tibetan Master, Lama Orgyen, an expert in Buddhist rituals, took place with whom he took refuge. From those days he became a student of Tibetan Buddhism, a tireless seeker of the teaching that will already be an integral part of his life. Together with his wife, Marta Moll, became one of the pioneers of Buddhism in Spain, deploying its dissemination work through Ediciones Amara , a publishing house specializing in Buddhist philosophy.
In Menorca, in 1980, he created the Dharma Institute under the guidance of Venerable Geshe Kelsang Gyatso, a resident of England and abbot at the time of the Manjushri Institute. His wish was to establish a study center where the Buddhist Dharma could be made known with rigor and seriousness. Determined to have the best means to do so, Isidro invites Venerable Geshe Tamding Gyatso as Master resident in Menorca(1927-2002) exiled at that time in India. After a long legal process, Geshe Tamding Gyatso arrived on the island in 1987. That endearing old man would not only become the Master of the Heart of Isidro and Marta, but also almost a grandfather to his children Shanti and Amara who practically saw him daily. During twelve very intense years Isidro received the nectar of the Dharma from the mouth of Geshe Tamding Gyatso , who was one of the most learned Geshes of the famous Ganden monastery. ([https://escuelalaicadebudismoymeditacion.es/index.php/quienes-somos/isidro-gordi Source Accessed Mar 19, 2021])
Dr. S. C. Goswami was a Professor of Chemistry at Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, India. He is the author of "The Monistic Absolute of the Uttaratantra and Modern Science" and "Complementarity of Opposites: The Undercurrent of Upaniṣadic Thought," both of which are published in the volume ''Philosophy, Grammar, and Indology: Essays in Honour of Prof. Gustav Roth'' (Sri Satguru Publications, 1992). +
Anagarika Govinda (born Ernst Lothar Hoffmann, 17 May 1898 – 14 January 1985) was the founder of the order of the Arya Maitreya Mandala and an expositor of Tibetan Buddhism, Abhidharma, and Buddhist meditation as well as other aspects of Buddhism. He was also a painter and poet. Read more [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anagarika_Govinda here]. +
Allison Choying Zangmo is Anyen Rinpoche's personal translator and a longtime student of both Rinpoche and his root lama, Kyabje Tsara Dharmakirti. She has either translated or collaborated with Rinpoche on all of his books. She lives in Denver, Colorado.
She has received empowerments, transmissions and upadesha instructions in the Longchen Nyingthig tradition from Khenchen Tsara Dharmakirti Rinpoche, as well as others of his main students, such as Khenpo Tashi from Do Kham Shedrup Ling. She also received an unusually direct lineage of Do Khyentse Yeshe Dorje’s chod from the realized chodpa Lama Damphel.
After moving to the US with Anyen Rinpoche, she received many other empowerments, transmissions and upadesha instructions in the Secret Mantryana tradition from eminent masters such as Taklong Tsetrul Rinpoche, Padma Dunbo, Yangtang Rinpoche, Khenpo Namdrol, Denpai Wangchuk, and Tulku Rolpai Dorje.
Allison Choying Zangmo works diligently for both Orgyen Khamdroling and the Phowa Foundation, as well as composing books and translations of traditional texts & sadhanas with Anyen Rinpoche, and spending a portion of each year in retreat. Although she never had any wish to teach Dharma in the west, based on encouragement by Anyen Rinpoche, Tulku Rolpai Dorje and Khenpo Tashi, she began teaching the dharma under Anyen Rinpoche's guidance in 2017. ([https://orgyenkhamdroling.org/rinpoche/allison Source: Orgyen Khamdroling]) +
Qalvy Grainzvolt, LMHC, is an ordained Shinnyo-en priest, a uniformed police chaplain, a licensed mental health clinician, and a Buddhist chaplain and member of mindfulness faculty for New York University. ([https://www.lionsroar.com/author/qalvy-grainzvolt/ Source Accessed April 25, 2024]) +
University of Vienna, Department of South Asian, Tibetan, and Buddhist Studies +
David Gray received his B.A. in Religious Studies from Wesleyan University and his M.A. and Ph.D. in the History of Religion from Columbia University. His research explores the development of tantric Buddhist traditions in South Asia, and their dissemination in Tibet and East Asia, with a focus on the Yogin?tantras, a genre of Buddhist tantric literature that focused on female deities and yogic practices involving the subtle body. He focuses particularly on the Cakrasamvara Tantra, an esoteric Indian Buddhist scripture that serves as the basis for a number of important Nepali and Tibetan Buddhist practice traditions. ([https://www.scu.edu/cas/religious-studies/faculty--staff/david-gray/ Source Accessed Dec 3, 2019])
[https://www.scu.edu/media/college-of-arts-and-sciences/religious-studies/cvs/GrayCV1.pdf Curriculum Vitae] +
James Huntley Grayson (born 1944) is a scholar of the religions and folklore of Korea. He is Emeritus Professor of Modern Korean Studies in the School of East Asian Studies at The University of Sheffield.
Grayson earned a BA in Anthropology from Rutgers University (1962–66), an MA in Anthropology from Columbia University (1966–68), an MDiv in Systematic Theology from Duke University (1968–71), and a PhD in the History of Religion from University of Edinburgh (1976–79).
Grayson served as a missionary of the United Methodist Church (USA) to South Korea between 1971 and 1987. During this time he taught religion at Kyungpook National University and Keimyung University.
In 1987 he moved to the University of Sheffield, where at the School of East Asian Studies, he taught Korean history and culture, and East Asian philosophy and religion. as first Lecturer, then Senior Lecturer, Reader and finally Professor. He retired in 2009.
Grayson's research has focused on topics such as traditional Korean religion, Korean Christianity and Korean oral folklore and has been summarised as being focused on both "the diffusion of religion across cultural boundaries, and an analysis of the religious and intellectual conceptual framework of the Korean and East Asian peoples". His research is informed by his anthropological training and has been aided by fieldwork in Korea, Japan, and Okinawa.
A collection of Grayson's research notes and correspondence, from the time he spent in East Asia, is kept in the Special Collections of the University Library, University of Sheffield.
Grayson has served as President of the British Association for Korean Studies (BAKS), and Vice-President of the Association for Korean Studies in Europe (AKSE).
Grayson was also President of the Folklore Society from to 2014 to 2017. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_H._Grayson Source Accessed Aug 11, 2023]) +
Eric Greene is Assistant Professor of Religious Studies. He received his B.A. in Mathematics from Berkeley in 1998, followed by his M.A. (Asian Studies) and Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) in 2012. He specializes in the history of medieval Chinese Buddhism, particularly the emergence of Chinese forms of Buddhism from the interaction between Indian Buddhism and indigenous Chinese culture. Much of his recent research has focused on Buddhist meditation practices, including the history of the transmission on Indian meditation practices to China, the development of distinctly Chinese forms of Buddhist meditation, and Buddhist rituals of confession and atonement. He is currently writing a book on the uses of meditative visionary experience as evidence of sanctity within early Chinese Buddhism. In addition to these topics, he has published articles on the early history of Chan (Zen) Buddhism, Buddhist paintings from the Silk Roads, and the influence of modern psychological terminology on the Western interpretation of Buddhism. He is also presently working on a new project concerning the practice of translation - from Indian languages to Chinese - in early Chinese Buddhism. He teaches undergraduate classes on Buddhism in East Asia, Zen Buddhism, ritual in East Asian Buddhism, and mysticism and meditation in Buddhism and East Asia, and graduate seminars on Chinese Buddhist studies and Chinese Buddhist texts.<br> After completing his Ph.D. in 2012, Eric took a position at the University of Bristol (UK), where he taught East Asian Religions until coming to Yale in 2015. ([https://religiousstudies.yale.edu/people/eric-greene Source Accessed July 21, 2020]) +
Hamish Gregor's training is in the field of Hispanic Philology; but he describes himself now as a feral scholar in the field of Buddhist studies. (Source: ''Tantra and Popular Religion in Tibet'', 205) +
Peter N. Gregory taught at Smith College from 1999 until 2014. After receiving his doctorate in East Asian languages and civilizations from Harvard University in 1981, he taught in the Program for the Study of Religion at the University of Illinois for 15 years. He has also served as the president and executive director of the Kuroda Institute for the Study of Buddhism and Human Values since 1984, and in that capacity he has directed two publication series with the University of Hawaii Press: "Studies in East Asian Buddhism" and "Classics in East Asian Buddhism."
Gregory's research has focused on medieval Chinese Buddhism, especially the Chan and Huayan traditions during the Tang and Song dynasties, on which he has written or edited seven books, including ''Tsung-mi and the Sinification of Buddhism'' (1991). He is currently completing a translation of a ninth-century Chinese Buddhist text on the historical and doctrinal origins of the Chan tradition.
After coming to Smith, Gregory's research and teaching became increasingly concerned with Buddhism in America, on which he produced a film, ''The Gate of Sweet Nectar: Feeding Hungry Spirits in an American Zen Community'' (2004), and co-edited a book, ''Women Practicing Buddhism: American Experiences'' (Wisdom Publications, 2007). ([https://www.smith.edu/academics/faculty/peter-gregory Source Accessed June 13, 2019]) +
Michael Griffin is Associate Professor of Classics and Philosophy at the University of British Columbia. His research focuses on Ancient Greek philosophy in late antiquity, particularly philosophical education. He is coeditor, with Richard Sorabji, of the Ancient Commentators on Aristotle project. He is author of ''Aristotle's Categories in the Early Roman Empire'' (OUP, 2015) and a two-volume translation of the Neoplatonist Olympiodorus’ introduction to Platonic philosophy, ''Olympiodorus: On Plato’s Alcibiades'' (Bloomsbury, 2014 and 2016). (Source: [[Ethics without Self, Dharma without Atman]]) +
Griffiths was born in London, England, on 12 November 1955. Griffiths has held appointments at the University of Notre Dame, University of Illinois at Chicago, and the University of Chicago. A scholar of Augustine of Hippo, Griffiths's main interests and pursuits are philosophical theology and the philosophy of religion – particularly Christianity and Buddhism. He received a doctorate in Buddhist studies in 1983 from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and his early works established him as one of the most incisive interpreters of Yogācāra Buddhist philosophy. His works on Buddhism include ''On Being Mindless'' (Lasalle, IL: Open Court, 1991) and ''On Being Buddha'' (Albany: SUNY Press, 1994). After converting from Anglicanism to Roman Catholicism and accepting the Schmitt Chair of Catholic Studies at UIC, he has largely given up his work in Buddhist studies. His recent books include: ''Problems of Religious Diversity'' (Oxford: Blackwell, 2001); ''Philosophy of Religion: A Reader'' (co-edited with Charles Taliaferro) (Oxford: Blackwell, 2003); and ''Lying: An Augustinian Theology of Duplicity'' (Grand Rapids: Brazos Press, 2004). His latest book deals with curiositas and the nature of intellectual appetite; its title is: ''Intellectual Appetite: A Theological Grammar''. According to the faculty pages at Duke Divinity School, from which he resigned in 2017, Griffiths has published ten books as sole author and seven more as co-author or editor. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_J._Griffiths Source Accessed Jul 21, 2020]) +
Patrick Grim is an American philosopher. He has published on epistemic questions in philosophy of religion, as well as topics in philosophy of science, philosophy of logic, computational philosophy, and agent-based modeling. He is currently editor of the ''American Philosophical Quarterly'' and founding co-editor of nearly forty volumes of ''The Philosopher’s Annual'', an attempt to collect the ten best philosophy articles of the year. Grim's popular work includes four video lecture series on value theory, informal logic, and philosophy of mind for The Great Courses. Grim's academic posts have included Distinguished Teaching Professor of Philosophy (Emeritus) at the State University of New York at Stony Brook, as well as visiting fellowships and lectureships at the Center for Complex Systems at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and at the Center for Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Grim Source Accessed May 18, 2021]) +
Harriette Grissom lives in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area and has extensive experience as a writer, editor and production manager for business, non-profit, academic, scholarly and technical publications. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/harriette-grissom-29879723 Source Accessed May 29, 2023]) +
Drolungpa Lodrö Jungne was a disciple of rNgog lo tsā ba Blo ldan shes rab. Among his important works include a biography (''rnam thar'') of Blo ldan shes rab as well as the ''Great Stages of the Doctrine'' (''Bstan rim chen mo''), which served as a model for Tsongkhapa's Lam rim texts. +
A student of Chim Lobzang Drakpa and Zhönu Senge. A teacher of Nyendrak Zangpo, Khenchen Drupa Sherap, Nyakpuwa Sönam Wangchuk, Ritröpa Sönam Gyatso, and Tsongkhapa Lobzang Drakpa. +
Pavel L. Grokhovsky was the head of the Department of Mongolian Studies and Tibetology of the Oriental Faculty of St. Petersburg State University.
In 1994, he graduated with honors from the Oriental Faculty of St. Petersburg State University with a degree in Orientalist-Philologist (Mongol-Tibetan Philology). In 1994–1998, P.L. Grokhovsky was a full-time postgraduate student of the Oriental Faculty, and in 2000 he successfully defended his thesis "Samadhiraja Sutra" as a monument of Buddhist canonical literature" for the degree of candidate of philological sciences.
From 1998 to 2001 P.L. Grokhovsky worked at the Department of Mongolian Philology as an assistant, from 2001 until his untimely death - as an assistant professor. In 2000–2004 P.L. Grokhovsky was the Deputy Dean of the Oriental Faculty for Academic Affairs. In 2003-2008 he was the head of the Department of Mongolian Philology, and in 2008-2009 he was the head of the Department of Mongolian Studies and Tibetology. Since 2012, P.L. Grokhovsky was the chairman of the Educational and Methodological Commission of the Oriental Faculty. By the decision of the Academic Council of St. Petersburg State University, since November 2016, P.L. Grokhovsky was appointed head of the Department of Mongolian Studies and Tibetology at St. Petersburg State University. ([http://www.orientalstudies.ru/rus/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9593&Itemid=48&fbclid=IwAR1Fsoxq_ejxgaPPV0vzATjwUEqb47sOJcI5fSkr_MfHRNipZRCMIrUmTbI Source Accessed Apr 12, 2022]) +
Paul Groner received his Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies from Yale and spent most of his career at the University of Virginia. His research mostly focused on the Japanese Tendai School during the Heian period. He has also done research on the precepts and ordinations, which led to research on Eison, founder of the Shingon Ritsu sect, and the status of nuns in medieval Japan. In recent years, his interests have extended to the Tendai educational system during the Muromachi Period and to the establishment of Japan’s first public library at the Tendai temple, Kan’eiji. Among his major works are ''Saichō: The Establishment of the Japanese Tendai School'' and ''Ryōgen and Mount Hiei: Japanese Tendai in the Tenth Century''. He is also the translator of HIRAKAWA Akira’s ''The History of Indian Buddhism'', vol. 1 (all published by University of Hawai’i Press). ([https://ealc.berkeley.edu/people/paul-groner Source Accessed Dec 3, 2019]) +
Williiam Grosnick, Assistant Professor of Religion at La Salle College, Philadelphia, received his Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1979. His articles on the Buddhist ''Tathāgatagarbha'' tradition have appeared in ''The Journal of the International Association for Buddhist Studies'' and the ''Proceedings of the International Conference of Orientalists'' in Japan. ([https://books.google.com/books?id=r61jYd_uDF0C&pg=PA175&lpg=PA175&dq=william+grosnick+Buddhism+professor&source=bl&ots=TFkHV3J0NN&sig=ACfU3U38FQ1F4GGaJgMNEiZULnWjSjeqYA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjWzJ2BgIbnAhWpAp0JHa4_COMQ6AEwBHoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=william%20grosnick%20Buddhism%20professor&f=false Source Accessed Jan 15, 2020]) +
ELMAR R. GRUBER, PhD, was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1955. He is a psychologist, an independent scholar and freelance popular-science writer, as well as a scientific advisor for radio and television in Europe. He is the author of twenty books that have been published in fifteen languages throughout the world. A longtime practitioner of Tibetan Buddhism, he is a student of Drikung Chetsang Rinpoche. +
Hans Gruber was born on January 5, 1959 in Ingolstadt. After graduating from high school, he came into contact with the perspectives and meditative practice of Tibetan Buddhism and in particular with many contemporary teachers and schools of early Buddhism in South Asia and Europe through various trips to Asia.
He studied Indology in Hamburg with a focus on Buddhist studies, Tibetology and European history and then completed further training in journalism and public relations. Hans wrote the guide "Vipassana course book - ways and teachers of insight meditation" and practiced Vipassana and Anapanasati meditation for many decades. His website and blog focuses primarily on the early Buddhist meditations and what Buddhism means to the West today.
Above all, he was in close contact with the English Vipassana teacher Christopher Titmuss for decades and was actively involved in his “Dharma Facilitator Program”. Hans interprets for various Dharma teachers at lectures and retreats, in particular the Malay-Chinese Vipassana teacher Bhante Sujiva, whose book "The Buddhist Heart Meditations" he translated into German. At the Hamburg Mindfulness Congress in 2011, he gave a widely acclaimed lecture on the early Buddhist mindfulness practice Vipassana. He dealt extensively with Nagarjuna's Madhyamaka teachings - the Middle Way - and the various physical and sensory Anapanasati training methods of Burmese and Thai Dhamma teachers such as S. N. Goenka, Ajahn Lee Dhammadaro and Buddhadasa Bikkhu.
Hans was a passionate debater, sharp thinker and loved clarifying philosophical arguments. This sometimes led to challenging encounters, which often pushed the other person to their own limits. Some of us felt very alienated by his political and ideological drafts of the last few years, so that some broke off contact. His sudden, early and unexpected death brought a great deal of gratitude to many of us, and we remembered the generosity with which he shared his understanding of the Dhamma teachings and the opportunity for clarifying discussions on philosophical and practical questions of Buddhist teachings to lead him. In everyday life, Hans was an open, lovable, warm-hearted and helpful friend for many years. ([https://buddhismus-deutschland.de/nachruf-hans-gruber/ Source Accessed Oct. 20, 2022])
—Alexandra Reif, Paul Stammeier
Albert Grünwedel (31 July 1856 – 28 October 1935) was a German Indologist, Tibetologist, archaeologist, and explorer of Central Asia. He was one of the first scholars to study the Lepcha language.
Grünwedel was born in Munich in 1856, the son of a painter. He studied art history and Asian languages, including Avestan, and in 1883 earned his doctorate at the University of Munich. In 1881 he began work as an assistant at the Museum of Ethnology in Berlin and in 1883 he was appointed deputy director of the ethnographic collection. Grünwedel won accolades for his numerous publications on Buddhist art, archaeology Central Asia, and Himalayan languages. Two notable works were'' Buddhist art in India'' (1893) and ''Mythology of Buddhism in Tibet and Mongolia'' (1900), which concerned the Greek origins of the Gandharan Greco-Buddhist artistic style and its development in Central Asia.
In 1899 Grünwedel was invited to join a Russian archaeological research expedition led by Vasily Radlov into the north of Xinjiang province, China. In the same year he was appointed a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. In 1902-1903 Grünwedel led the first German expedition to Turpan, in Xinjiang, becoming the first modern European to study the massive ruins near Gaochang. He recorded the events of this expedition in his book ''Report on Archaeological work in Idikutschahri and Surrounding areas in Winter 1902-1903'' (1905). The next expedition was led by Albert von Le Coq, who became famous for removing large numbers of frescos from sites across Xinjiang. Grünwedel himself headed the third German Turfan expedition in 1905–1907, the results of which were published in ''Ancient Buddhist Religion in Chinese Turkistan'' (1912). Grünwedel's expeditions were largely funded by the Krupp family. Grünwedel was joined by Heinrich Lüders who made major contributions to the epigraphical analysis of the Turpan-Expedition findings after being called to the Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Berlin as Professor for oriental languages in 1909.
Grünwedel retired in 1921, and in 1923 moved to Bavaria, where his spent his last years at Bad Tölz writing a number of scientific papers. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Gr%C3%BCnwedel Source Accessed Jan 15, 2024])
A Kadam scholar from Sangpu Neutok Monastery who was known for his expertise in the Five Treatises of Maitreya. He was a contemporary of both Dölpopa and Butön and a teacher of the Sakya scholar Yakde Paṇchen and the Third Karmapa, Rangjung Dorje. +
Terchen Barway Dorje (gter chen 'bar ba'i rdo rje) (1836-1920) was a close student of Chokgyur Lingpa (gter chen mchog gyur gling pa 1829-1870). His original seat was the Karma Kagyu monastery of Surmang. He had numerous Termas and was also influential in the preservation of the teachings of the Barom Kagyu school. Terchen Barwey Dorje was the older brother of Lady Dega, the main consort of Chokgyur Lingpa. From the moment he offered her to him, he served him until Chokgyur Lingpa passed away.
The first Barway Dorje was a terton, or precious treasure revealer, and the rebirth of Nupchen Sangye Yeshe, one of Padmasambhava's twenty-five disciples. Barway Dorje appeared in Tibet during the nineteenth century and was praised and respected by the many holy beings of his time as an authentic terton. His many treasures include the Sadhanas of the Vidyadhara Guru, the Vajrakila Cycle, and the Dakini Cycle, all of which contain profound instructions pertaining to ripening and liberation. The previous Karmapa displayed great interest in the Vajrakila Cycle in particular. In addition to his treasures, Terchen Barway Dorje composed many works of his own that have been of great service to the essence teachings, such as his Barom Kagyu Mahamudra and Six Doctrines. ([https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Terchen_Barwey_Dorje Source: Rangjung Yeshe Dharma Dictionary]. See the book ''Precious Essence: The Inner Autobiography of Terchen Barway Dorje.'' Translated by Yeshe Gyamtso (Peter O'Hearn). Woodstock, NY: KTD Publications, 2005.) +
A student of Chapa Chökyi Senge, Nyangdrenpa Chökyi Yeshe, and Khamo Zeupa. A teacher of Drotön Dudtsi Drak and Madunpa. Famed scholar of the Sakya/Kadam tradition; most closely connected with the Narthang school. He authored commentaries on the ''Śikṣāsamuccaya'', ''Bodhicaryavatara'', and an dbu ma'i bstan bcos (treatise on the Middle Way). ([https://library.bdrc.io/show/bdr:P2259 Source Accessed Feb 8, 2023]) +
See [https://www.tbrc.org/#!rid=P1GS56009 TBRC] +
Guo Gu (Dr. Jimmy Yu) is the founder of the Tallahassee Chan Center (www.tallahasseechan.com) and is also the guiding teacher for the Western Dharma Teachers Training course at the Chan Meditation Center in New York and the Dharma Drum Lineage. He is one of the late Master Sheng Yen’s (1930–2009) senior and closest disciples, and assisted him in leading intensive retreats throughout the United States, Europe, and Asia. Guo Gu has edited and translated a number of Master Sheng Yen’s books from Chinese to English. He is also a professor of Buddhism and East Asian religions at Florida State University, Tallahassee. (Source: [https://www.shambhala.com/authors/g-n/guo-gu.html Shambhala Publications]) +
Yin Guan is an Operational Specialist at Mem Tea Imports. She received a Master of Theological Studies (MTS) specializing in Buddhist Studies at Harvard Divinity School in 2019. +
Elio was born in Varese, Italy, on 5 August 1954 and grew up in Como. He studied art and received a Master of Arts before traveling to India to study Buddhism. On his return from India he moved to Switzerland, where for ten years he learned Tibetan language and Buddhist philosophy under one of the Dalai Lama’s philosophical advisors. Elio joined the Dzogchen community in 1986, when he received teachings from Chögyal Namkhai Norbu for the first time.
Invited by the late Kalu Rinpoche, Elio spent almost twenty years in India working on the large encyclopedia on Indo-Tibetan knowledge known as Shes bya kun khyab (Myriad Worlds,Buddhist Ethics, Systems of Buddhist Tantra, The Elements of Tantric Practice) authored by Kongtrul the Great, published in separate volumes by Snow Lion Publications. During this time Elio continued to actively collaborate with the Dzogchen Community and especially with the Shang Shung Institute in Italy, of which he is a founding member.
Elio has worked on various translations for the Shang Shung Institute in Italy, including several books by Chögyal Namkhai Norbu relating to Tibetan medicine. He has completed several levels of the Santi Maha Sangha training, and became an authorized teacher of the base, first, and second level. Since 2003, Elio has been one of the three principal translators for the Ka-ter project of the Shang Shung Institute of Austria. Aside from serving as instructor for the Training for Translators from Tibetan program, he also works for the Dzogchen Tantra Translation Project. ([http://skyjewel.org/ Source Accessed March 26, 2020]) +
Dr. Herbert Guenther (1917-2006) was one of the first translators of the Vajrayana and Dzogchen teachings into English. He was well known for his pioneering translations of Gampopa's ''Jewel Ornament of Liberation'' and Longchenpa's ངལ་གསོ་སྐོར་གསུམ་, ''ngal gso skor sgum'', which was published as a trilogy under the title ''Kindly Bent to Ease Us''.
He was born in Bremen, Germany, in 1917. He studied in Munich and Vienna, and then taught at Vienna University from 1943 to 1950. He then lived and taught in India, at Lucknow University from 1950 to 1958, and the Sanskrit University in Varanasi from 1958 to 1963. He then went to the University of Saskatchewan in Canada, where his students included Leslie Kawamura, Kennard Lipman, Steven Goodman and James Valby.
According to Steven Goodman, Guenther used to say that a good translator must do two things: 1) translate Tibetan terms based on the genre and approach in which they are being used, and 2) continually refine one's translation choices.
Guenther had many admirers and although many of his translation choices never caught on, his work did have a clear and undeniable influence on many translators. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Herbert_V._Guenther Source Accessed July 22, 2020])
Also see Steven Goodman's article "[https://www.lionsroar.com/profile-death-of-a-pioneer/ Death of a Pioneer]".
See a list of terms used by Guenther in translation on [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Category:HVG_Glossary Rigpa Wiki here].
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_V._Günther Herbert V. Günther on Wikipedia]
'''QUOTES:'''<br>
"1. To give an example, if someone were to 'translate' the French ''il a le mal de tête'' as 'he has the evil of the earthenware pot,' which is the correct philological rendering and then were to claim that this is what the French understood by that phrase, he would be considered insane, but when someone proclaims such absurdities as 'embryo of Tathāgatha,' 'substantial body', 'eminated incarnation Body,' and so on, which are not even philologically correct but merely reveal utter incomprehension of the subject matter, by a strange volte-face, he is said to be a scholar."
~ "Bodhisattva - The Ethical Phase in Evolution" in [[The Bodhisattva Doctrine in Buddhism]], page 123, note 1.
Natalie Gummer (Ph.D., Harvard University) is Professor of Religious Studies at Beloit College. A literary and cultural historian of Buddhism, she studies the intersection of textual practices with ritual, aesthetics, and ethics in premodern Mahāyāna Buddhist literary cultures. She is co-editor of ''Defining Buddhism(s): A Reader'', and is the author of several articles on Buddhist literary culture. She is currently working on a study of textual techniques of transformation in Mahāyāna sūtras, and a translation of the ''Suvarṇaprabhāsottamasūtra'' (The Sūtra of Utmost Golden Radiance). ([https://southasia.wisc.edu/2014-spring-lecture-series/natalie-gummer/ Source Accessed Apr 14, 2022]) +
Gungru Gyaltsen Zangpo (Tib. གུང་རུ་རྒྱལ་མཚན་བཟང་པོ་, Wyl. gung ru rgyal mtshan bzang po) (1383–1450) - the third throneholder of Sera Monastery. He was a disciple of Tsongkhapa, Gyaltsab Je, and Khedrup Je. He was a teacher of Ga Rabjampa Kunga Yeshe. His extant writings were recently published in three volumes.
Volume 1<br>
''byams pa'i dgongs rgyan'' - a commentary on Prajnaparamita philosophy.
Volume 2<br>
''dbu ma rtsa ba shes rab kyi don bsdus'' - Short explanation of the meaning of Nagarjuna's ''Mulamadhyamakakarika''.<br>
''dbu ma 'jug pa'i 'grel pa'' - Commentary on the ''Madhyamakavatara'' of Chandrakirti.<br>
''legs bshad bla ma'i man ngag bdud rtsi'i chu rgyun'' - General treatise on Madhyamika philosophy.
Volume 3<br>
''dbu ma bzhi brgya pa'i 'grel pa'' - Commentary on Aryadeva's ''Four Hundred Verses''<br>
''dbu ma'i stong thun'' - Survey of Madhyamika thought in the context of the various philosophical positions.<br>
''mngon rtogs rgyan gyi de kho na nyid gsal bar byed pa mkhas pa'i yid 'phrog'' - A commentary on the ''Abhisamayalankara''. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Gungru_Gyaltsen_Zangpo Source Accessed Jan 27, 2023]) +
The Third Gungtang Lama Konchok Tenpai Dronme was identified as reincarnation of the Second Guntang Ngawang Tenpai Gyeltsen. He studied in Drepung Gomang College near Lhasa and Labrang Tashikhyil in Amdo, and later he served as the twenty-first abbot of the monastery. He also served as the first abbot of Ngawa Gomang Monastery. Familiar with Chinese and Mongolian languages, he spent most of his life in teaching and composing texts on many subjects such as ethics and medicine as well as religion. ([https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Konchok-Tenpai-Dronme/4730 Source Accessed Feb 3, 2022]) +
*Education
:B.A. Harvard University (1988)
:M.A. Harvard University (1995)
:Ph.D. Harvard University (1998)
*Areas of Expertise
:Reproductive Justice
:Climate Justice
:Maternal Mortality
:Mindfulness & Medicine
:Buddhism, Bodies, & Sexuality
:Anthropology of South Asia
:Irrigation & Social Power
:India & Himalayas
:Obstetrics, Maternity Care, & COVID-19
([https://anso.williams.edu/profile/kgutscho/ Source Accessed April 13, 2021: Williams College])
+
Indian scholiast and major translator of Buddhist scriptures into Chinese during the Liu Song period (420–479). Born in central India to a brāhmaṇa family, he is said to have studied in his youth the five traditional Indian sciences, as well as astronomy, calligraphy, mathematics, medicine, and magic. He was converted to Buddhism and began systematically to study Buddhist texts, starting with the Abhidharma and proceeding through the most influential Mahāyāna texts, such as the ''Mahāprajñāpāramitāsūtra'' and ''Avataṃsakasūtra''. Around 435, he departed from Sri Lanka for China, arriving in Guangzhou by sea. In China, he devoted himself to teaching and translating Buddhist scriptures, carrying out most of his translations of Mahāyāna and mainstream Buddhist texts while residing in Qiyuansi in Jiankang and Xinsi in Jingzhou. He translated a total of fifty-two scriptures in 134 rolls, including the ''Saṃyuktāgama'' and the ''Prakaranapāda'' [śāstra], both associated with the Sarvāstivāda school, such seminal Mahāyāna texts as the ''[[Śrīmālādevīsiṃhanādasūtra]]'' and the ''Laṅkāvatārasūtra''. In the ''Lengqie shizi ji'', a Chan genealogical history associated with the Northern school (Bei zong) of the early Chan tradition, Guṇabhadra is placed before Bodhidharma in the Chan patriarchal lineage, perhaps because of his role in translating the ''Laṅkāvatārasūtra'', an important scriptural influence in the early Chan school. (Source: "Guṇabhadra." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 336. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27) +
Gunavarman. (C. Qiunabamo; J. Gunabatsuma; K. Kunabalma 求那跋摩) (367–431 CE). A Kashmiri monk who was an important early translator of Buddhist vinaya and bodhisattva preceptive materials into Chinese. He was a prince of Kubhā, who was ordained at the age of twenty and eventually became known as a specialist in the Buddhist canon (trepiṭaka). Upon his father's death, he was offered the throne, but refused, and instead embarked on travels throughout Asia to preach the dharma, including to Java, where he helped to establish the Buddhist tradition. Various miracles are associated with the places he visited, such as fragrance wafting in the air when he meditated and a dragon-like creature who was seen ascending to heaven in his presence. In 424 CE, Guṇavarman traveled to China and was invited by Emperor Wen of the Liu Song dynasty to come to the capital in Nanjing. Upon his arrival, a monastery was built in his honor and Guṇavarman lectured there on various sūtras. During his sojourn in China, he translated some eighteen rolls of seminal Buddhist texts into Chinese, including the ''Bodhisattvabhūmi'', and several other works associated with the bodhisattvaśīla, the Dharmaguptaka vinaya (Sifen lü), and monastic and lay precepts. Guṇavarman was a central figure in founding the order of nuns (bhikṣunī) in China and he helped arrange the ordination of several Chinese nuns whose hagiographies are recorded in the Biqiuni zhuan. (Source: "Guṇavarman." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 337–38. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
Dobis Tsering Gyal works in the Tibet Archives, Lhasa. He received a PhD in Tibetan Cultural Anthropology from Central University for Nationalities, Beijing. His research interests include Tibetan historical archives, the political system of the dGa' ldan pho brang (1642-1959) and Tibetan modern literature. +
Khenpo Sherab Gyaltsen Negi graduated from Nalanda Institute at Rumtek Monastery in 1991 and was awarded the title of Khenpo in recognition of his scholarship. He taught at the Nalanda Institute one and a half years and joined and joined Kagyu Thekchen Ling in Lava, Kalimpong in 1992 to serve the various projects and activities of His Eminence Jamgon Kongtrul Rinpoche. He also completed the traditional three-year Shangpa Kagyu retreat at Mirik Monastery under the guidance of Very Venerable Bokar Rinpoche and Khenpo Lodro Donyod Rinpoche. Today, he is mainly involved with work for Rigpe Dorje Publications. [http://www.jamgonkongtrul.org/section.php?s1=3&s2=4 Jamgön Kongtrül Labrang] +
Venerable Khenpo Kalsang Gyaltsen is the spiritual director of Sakya Phuntsok Ling Centers for Tibetan Buddhist Study and Meditation. He is a widely recognized and accomplished teacher and translator of Buddhism. His Holiness Sakya Trizin and other high lamas of the Sakya Order have repeatedly praised his Dharma activities as exemplary.</br>
Training and Dharma Work:</br>
As a youth, Khenpo Kalsang met his first teacher, Venerable Tharig Tulku Rinpoche, and from him received novice ordination and monastic and religious training. He received full ordination and advanced religious training from His Eminence Luding Khenchen Rinpoche.
After assisting Venerable Tharig Tulku Rinpoche in building the first Sakya monastery in Kathmandu, Nepal, Khenpo Kalsang served as assistant abbot, teacher of young monks, disciplinarian and also held other religious offices. He continued to pursue advanced Dharma study, requesting and receiving many special teachings in both sutra and tantra from His Holiness the Sakya Trizin, His Eminence Luding Khenchen Rinpoche, His Eminence Chogye Trichen Rinpoche, Venerable Khenpo Appey Rinpoche and Venerable Khenpo Rinchen. From His Eminence Dezhung Rinpoche, he also received many special Sakya oral instructions.
In recognition of his accomplishment of study and meditation, His Holiness the Sakya Trizin requested Khenpo Kalsang to lead the meditation training sessions during His Holiness’ bestowal of the precious Lam Dre teaching cycle in Friday Harbor, Washington in 1995.
At the request of His Holiness the Sakya Trizin and his own students, Venerable Khenpo Kalsang Gyaltsen has translated numerous major Sakya texts into English. These include His Holiness’ autobiography, the Hevajra Cause and Path Initiations, the Anatomy of the Lam Dre Teaching and numerous other tantric texts, sadhanas and prayers. His Holiness the Sakya Trizin chose Khenpo Kalsang to provide simultaneous English interpretation when he bestowed the Collection of All the Sadhanas teaching cycle in Kathmandu in 1994. Khenpo Kalsang has also served as interpreter for the teaching tours of His Eminence Luding Khen Rinpoche, His Eminence Dezhung Rinpoche and Venerable Tharig Tulku Rinpoche.
Founding Sakya Phuntsok Ling
In 1986, at the request of students in the Washington, D.C. area, Venerable Khenpo Kalsang Gyaltsen established Sakya Phuntsok Ling Center for Tibetan Buddhist Studies and Meditation.
With the blessings of His Holiness the Sakya Trizin and His Eminence Dezhung Rinpoche and the expert teaching and wise guidance of Venerable Khenpo Kalsang Gyaltsen, Sakya Phuntsok Ling has flourished, and the Center’s activities have been praised by His Holiness and other high lamas of the Sakya Order.
Venerable Khenpo Kalsang Gyaltsen continues to teach and guide students at Sakya Phuntsok Ling, in Silver Spring, Maryland, near Washington D.C. He is active in translation of Sakya texts and travels regularly to give teachings at Sakya centers in the United States. (Source: [http://sakyaphuntsokling.org/khenpo-kalsang-gyaltsen/ Sakya Puntsok Ling Official Website])
Acharya Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen is core faculty at Nitartha Institute and recently retired from [https://www.naropa.edu/faculty/acharya-gyaltsen.php Naropa University].
Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen was born in Trakar, Nepal, near the Tibetan border. He completed 10 years of traditional scholastic training at [http://www.rumtek.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=400&Itemid=612&lang=en Karma Shri Nalanda Institute] at Rumtek Monastery, Sikkim, India, graduating as acharya with honours (graduated in the same class as [[Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche]]). This was followed by traditional yogic training in the first three-year retreat to be conducted at Jamgon Kongtrul Rinpoche's monastery in Pullahari, Nepal.
Following the advice of [[Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche]], Lama Tenpa taught at various Kagyu centers in Europe (Teksum Tashi Choling in Hamburg, Germany), at Nitartha, and centers in Canada. In 2004 he moved to Boulder, CO and began teaching at Naropa University. He retired from Naropa in 2020.
Learn more about Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen on the [https://nitarthainstitute.org/about/nitartha-faculty/ Nitartha faculty page] and at [https://nalandabodhi.org/teacher/acharya-lama-tenpa-gyaltsen/ Nalandabodhi]. +
Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso is a noted scholar and teacher who was born in Eastern Tibet in 1935. After completing this early training, he spent five years wandering throughout Eastern and Central Tibet undertaking extensive solitary retreats in caves. When he reached Tsurphu Monastery, he received instruction from the head of the Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism, the 16th Karmapa, who later named him a khenpo, which is a title of scholastic mastery. In 1977 he came to the West to teach Tibetan language and Buddhism. Known for his highly engaging teaching style, Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso has been traveling and teaching in the West ever since, placing an emphasis on the careful training of Westerners. Some of his students include [[Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche]], [[Acharya Lama Tenpa Gyaltsen]], [[Shenpen Hookham|Lama Shenpen Hookham]], [[Karl Brunnhölzl]], and [[Elizabeth Callahan]]. ([http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0661/2002152104-b.html Source Accessed July, 21 2020])
Visit his official site at [http://www.ktgrinpoche.org/ ktgrinpoche.org] +
Janet Gyatso (BA, MA, PhD, University of California at Berkeley) holds the Hershey Professorship in Buddhist Studies in the Divinity School at Harvard University, 2001–present. She is a specialist in Buddhist studies with concentration on Tibetan and South Asian cultural and intellectual history. Her books include ''Apparitions of the Self: The Secret Autobiographies of a Tibetan Visionary''; ''In the Mirror of Memory: Reflections on Mindfulness and Remembrance in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism''; and ''Women of Tibet''. She has recently completed a new book, ''Being Human in a Buddhist World: An Intellectual History of Medicine in Early Modern Tibet'', which focuses upon alternative early modernities and the conjunctions and disjunctions between religious and scientific epistemologies in Tibetan medicine in the sixteenth–eighteenth centuries. ([https://conference.tsadra.org/past-event/the-2017-tt-conference/ Source Accessed May 5, 2020]) +
Geshe Kelsang Gyatso (Tibetan: བཀལ་བཟང་རྒྱ་མཚོ།, Wylie: bskal bzang rgya mtsho) (b. 1931) is a Buddhist monk, meditation teacher, scholar, and author. He is the founder and former spiritual director of the New Kadampa Tradition-International Kadampa Buddhist Union (NKT-IKBU), an "entirely independent" modern Buddhist order that presents itself to be a tradition based on the teachings of the Gelugpa tradition of Tibetan Buddhism, which has grown to become a worldwide Buddhist organization which claims to have 1,300 centers around the world, most study and meditation centers, with some retreat centers. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelsang_Gyatso Source Accessed Mar 3, 2021]) +
Ven. Lobsang Gyatso was born in 1928 in a small village in eastern Tibet. He became a monk at the age of eleven, and later traveled to central Tibet to study at Drepung Monastery. After fleeing Tibet during the 1959 Tibetan Uprising, Gen Lobsang Gyatso, or “Gen la” as he was known at the Institute, eventually moved to Mussoorie to serve as a religious teacher at the Central School for Tibetans.
In 1973, after being appointed by His Holiness to establish the Institute, he re-located to Dharamsala, India. After some difficult early years the Institute became one of the success stories of the Tibetan exile community. In 1991, Gen la expanded upon the already-successful work of the Institute with the founding of a new branch at Sarah, the College for Higher Tibetan Studies. Under his guidance, the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics and the College for Higher Tibetan Studies developed into uniquely valuable Tibetan educational institutions, offering integrated studies in both traditional Tibetan disciplines and modern subjects.
While the establishment of the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics and the College for Higher Tibetan Studies at Sarah is the work for which Gen la will be best remembered, he was also an accomplished writer.
A selection of Gen Lobsang Gyatso’s publications:
* ''Harmony of Emptiness and Dependent-Arising'', Paljor Publications, 1992.
* ''The Four Noble Truths'', Snow Lion Publications, 1994.
* ''Bodhicitta: Cultivating the Compassionate Mind of Enlightenment'', Snow Lion Publications, 1997.
* ''Memoirs of a Tibetan Lama'' by Gyatso, Lobsang (1990) Paperback, Snow Lion Publications, 1998.
* ''Tsongkhapa’s Praise for Dependent Relativity'', Wisdom Publications, 2012.
A Tibetan patriot, meditation master, and unswerving follower of the Dalai Lama, Gen la emerged as a fearless social critic, and a deeply spiritual man. On 5 February 1997, Gen Lobsang Gyatso and two of his assistants were brutally murdered in Dharamsala. ([https://tibetanwhoswho.wordpress.com/2018/12/13/ven-lobsang-gyatso/ Source Accessed Apr 19, 2021])
Pema Gyatso is a graduate from the Tibetan Language Department of Tibet University and
has studied under many great masters. He presently works as a researcher of Tibetan language and culture at the Tibetan Academy of Social Science, Lhasa. (Source: ''The Six Brothers'', 2007) +
Tulku Yeshi Rinpoche is a Dzogchen master and the reincarnation of Dzogchen Gyaltsab Thodo Rinpoche. He was recognized by Kyabje Trulshig Rinpoche. He has received teachings from over forty masters representing all five schools of Tibetan Buddhism, Nyingma, Kagyu, Sakya, Gelug and Shiji (or Chod). Tulku Yeshi has authored fifteen books on subjects of Tibetan Buddhism and culture. He also writes novels, poetry for mind training and how to enjoy life.
Currently he lives at Sakya Monastery and works on Dharma activities both here in Seattle and across the US. He has dedicated himself in service of H.H. Dagchen Rinpoche, Sakya Monastery and Phuntsok Phodrang. (Source: [https://84000.co/about-translators-html/ 84000]) +
Khenpo Gyurme Tsultrim was born in the Mugu district of western Nepal in 1969 where he studied reading and writing with his uncle. When he was thirteen, he met Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche and became one of the first monks at Shechen Tennyi Dargyeling Monastery in Nepal. In 1985, as the Shechen Philosophical College was not yet built, Khyentse Rinpoche sent him to the Dzongsar Monastic College in India for higher studies. He studied there for six years and then completed the last three years of his study at the Palyul Nyingmapa College in Mysore, India.
He became the first monk of Shechen Monastery, Nepal, to attain the rank of Khenpo, the equivalent of a Ph.D., in 1996. Presently, Khenpo Gyurme Tsultrim is the vice abbot of the monastery and teaches at its College. He has traveled to Europe a number of times to give teachings, and he oversees many of the activities of the monastery. (Source: Shechen https://shechen.org/spiritual-development/teachers/khenpo-gyurme-tsultrim/) +
1. (from kong sprul gsan yig @ v. 1, f. 16v)
important master in the bka' ma transmission lineage of the rgyud bzhi.
2. important bka' gdams/sa skya master in lineage of the blo sbyong teachings; he was involved with his student sems dpa' chen po dkon mchog rgyal mtshan in the compilation of the blo sbyong brgya rtsa. ([https://library.bdrc.io/show/bdr:P1943 Source Accessed June 12, 2022]) +
Held the monastic seat of Sangphu for 12 years, starting from wood rabbit year of the 5th rabjung until the fire rabbit year of the 6th rabjung, 1315-1327. +
Zhönu Senge is counted as the second of the “Nine Incomparable Lions,” patriarchs of the Drukpa Kagyu tradition. He was born into a prominent Drukpa family – his paternal uncle was Darma Sengge Sanggye Won, the first of the Nine Incomparable Lions and the student of Tsangpa Gyare, who founded the Drukap tradition. He served as the third abbot of Ralung Monastery. +
The son of a physician, Luis Gómez was born in Puerto Rico on April 7 1943, growing up in the town of Guayanilla. He received his B.A. degree in 1963 from Universidad de Puerto Rico, enrolling there at age sixteen. He received his Ph.D. degree in Buddhist Studies, Indic Philology, and Japanese Language and Literature from Yale University in 1967. His first academic position was at the University of Washington. After that, he returned to Puerto Rico for four years, serving as chair of the Department of Philosophy at the Universidad de Puerto Rico.
He joined the University of Michigan faculty as an Associate Professor of Buddhist Studies in 1973 and was promoted to full professor in 1979. In 1986, he was named a “Collegiate Professor,” the highest faculty rank in the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts at Michigan, naming his professorship after his former colleague and mentor, the distinguished Chinese historian Charles Hucker.
Luis Gómez’s contributions to Buddhist Studies during his thirty-five years at Michigan spanned the areas of graduate training, undergraduate teaching, and scholarship. He founded Michigan’s highly regarded Ph.D. program in Buddhist Studies, which has produced several generations of outstanding scholars. That his students specialized in Chinese, Japanese, Tibetan, Indian, Thai, and Burmese Buddhism testifies to his wide-ranging knowledge, as well as his high level of proficiency in Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan, Chinese, and Japanese, as well as Latin, French, German, and Italian (in addition to his native Spanish). His work as a graduate mentor was honored in 1995, when he received the John H. D’Arms Award for Distinguished Graduate Mentoring in the Humanities. In recognition of his outstanding undergraduate teaching, he was named Arthur F. Thurnau Professor in 1997. A dedicated administrator, he chaired the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures for a decade. ([http://iabsinfo.net/2017/09/obituary-tribute-to-luis-oscar-gomez/ Source Accessed May 20, 2020])
H
Dr. Hiromi Habata is a faculty member at the International College for Postgraduate Buddhist Studies in Tokyo, Japan. Before her appointment she was a researcher in Indology at the Institute of Indology and Tibetology at Ludwig-Maximilians University in Munich. Her scholarly interests include Buddhist Sanskrit, manuscripts of Central Asia, and methods of translation of Buddhist texts into Chinese and Tibetan. She is a member of the British Library Sanskrit Fragments Project and is currently working on a critical edition and analysis of the Mahaparinirvana-sutra of the Mahayanists. ([https://www.en.buddhismus-studien.uni-muenchen.de/people_vorlage/index.html Adapted from Source Aug 3, 2020])
Click here for a link to Hiromi Habata's [https://www.indologie.uni-muenchen.de/personen/3_privatdoz/habata/publ_habata/index.html publications] +
Paul Hackett specializes in canonical Buddhist philosophy and Tibetan culture, as well as their influence on contemporary alternative religion in America. He is also active in the field of applied computational linguistics and serves as the chair of the Tibetan Information Technology Panel for the International Association for Tibetan Studies. He previously taught Classical Tibetan language at Columbia and Yale universities. ([https://www.shambhala.com/authors/g-n/paul-g-hackett.html Source Accessed Nov 21, 2023])
Paul's doctoral dissertation, "Barbarian Lands: Theos Bernard, Tibet, and the American Religious Life" (2008), presented the first and only comprehensive narrative of the life of Theos Bernard (1908-1947). In the context of this narrative, the dissertation examined such issues as Bernard’s place in the early history of the American subculture and counter-culture informed by Indian concepts of religiosity and the narrative of the genesis and spread of Indian and Buddhist religious traditions in America over the last 150 years. In addition, Bernard’s life and writings are examined as a paradigm of an ethnically American counter-culture religious experience and his academic activities are discussed in terms of their broader implications for the study of religion.
His masters thesis, "Approaches to Tibetan Information Retrieval: Segmentation vs. n-grams" (2000), reported the results of research evaluating automatic word-segmented indexing for Tibetan documents against a system using n-gram indexing in a search and retrieval system. For the thesis an algorithm for automatic sentence- and word-segmentation for Tibetan was designed and implemented in conjunction with a shallow parser performing automatic Part-of-Speech tagging. +
Haenisch was the architect German Sinology never had. He was primarily a Mongolist, but impinged on Sinology as well, usually to its benefit.
His family background was official and military. He studied Sinology, Mongol, and Manchu under Wilhelm Grube at Berlin. Haenisch was himself a Berliner, and Berlin was to remain the center of his career. From it he made four significant departures. The first was immediate: after his studies with Grube, he went to China to teach at military schools in Wuchang and Changsha from 1904 to 1911. During this time he also traveled in China and in Eastern Tibet. In 1912 he returned to Germany and joined the Berlin Museum für Völkerkunde. In 1913 he completed his Habilitation and became an assistant to F W Müller. Another military interlude followed, as an officer during WW1. In 1920 he made a handsome return to civilian life as Professor of Mongol and Manchu at Berlin.
In 1925 he moved to the Chair of Sinology at Leipzig, in succession to Conrady, and his publications take for a while a Sinological turn, starting with an article on Some Sinological Desiderata (1926): taking stock of the field and setting priorities. Due to Haenisch's protracted absence from Leipzig while traveling in China and Mongolia, the Conrady student Eduard Erkes was appointed in 1928 to fill in for him as an Ausserordentlicher Professor. The three volumes of Haenisch's Lehrgang der Chinesischen Schriftsprache appeared over the years 1929-1933. It must be said that this is not the wonderful thing it is sometimes said to be. Presumably it was an improvement over whatever people had been doing previously. All the more credit, then, (let it be said in a parenthesis) to those of the pioneering generation who achieved a sometimes staggering competence in the language.
Haenisch returned to Berlin in 1932, with a renewed emphasis on things Inner Asian. A first instalment of his translation of the Secret History of the Mongols had been published in 1931, and further instalments appeared in 1937 and 1939. It has been judged by those who know that it is superior to the never-published version - the Secret Translation of the Secret History - by the indomitable but procrastinating Pelliot. Haenish picked up the retired Franke's student George Kennedy, and supervised Kennedy's thesis, which was on a legal topic, and based on the Tang Code. He also put in a word at Berlin for a Sinological resource which had been formally banned by Pelliot in 1929: the fractious von Zach. Looking back on that interlude, Haenisch put it this way: "Of course one could not mention his name in De Groot's presence. When I once dared to break a lance for him, he came straight back at me, "Do you want Sinology in Berlin to be built, or demolished?" Well, naturally, built, but Zach ought to help with the building. This positive contribution he himself unfortunately denied us, by the often intemperate tone of his criticisms."
Haenisch, a decent man as well as a careful scholar, had protested German treatment of Duyvendak in the occupied Netherlands, and distinguished himself in 1944 as the only German Sinologist to sign a petition for the release of Henri Maspero, then a prisoner at Buchenwald. There had been more international spirit, and it had had better success, in the case of Henri Pirenne in WW1, who as a result of international and German scholarly pressure was released from a prison camp in Belgium and transferred to the house arrest situation in rural Germany, where, partly out of his head, he was able to put down what became his masterpiece: the Histoire de l'Europe. Had the world received a similar final synthesis from Maspero, Haenisch would have deserved mention on the dedication page. It was not to be.
Germany had been hard on Sinology before and during WW2, driving many of the most promising people out of the country. And WW2 had been hard on Germany. Haenisch was one of those left to become the statesmen of the Sinological building effort after 1945. Of the prewar centers that still existed (among them Heidelberg, Göttingen, Hamburg), Berlin was a divided city, and Leipzig had come under Soviet domination. Haenisch, making his fourth and final excursus from Berlin, founded in 1946 the Sinological Section of the Institute of East Asian Studies at Munich, the first such center to be created in postwar Germany. Conditions were not ideal: "In summer, we sometimes held classes in corridors and sometimes in wooden shacks; in winter, we held them in the department's only undamaged building. Eventually we got a building of our own which served as library, classroom and office." ([https://web.archive.org/web/20170209043749/http://www.umass.edu/wsp/resources/profiles/haenisch.html Source Accessed Jan 25, 2022])
Michael Hahn was a professor of Indology and Tibetology at Philipps-University in Marburg (Germany), his research interests focused on classical Sanskrit and Buddhist literature, in particular narrative works and didactic and epistolary texts. He was the author of numerous articles and books, among them a primer of the Tibetan language. ([https://buddhiststudies.berkeley.edu/2004-2005-events Adapted from Source Feb 17, 2021]) +
Yoshito S. Hakeda was an Associate Professor of Japanese in the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures and Associate Professor in the Department of Religion at Columbia University. He is the translator of ''The Awakening of Faith'', attributed to Aśvaghosha (1967), and one of the collaborators assisting Wm. Theodore de Bary in preparing ''Buddhist Tradition in India, China, and Japan'' (1969).
According to his obituary in the New York Times, "Professor Hakeda's major volume was a translation and study of the works and thought of Kukai, a ninth-century Japanese Buddhist priest and scholar, published by the Columbia University Press in 1972. He also collaborated on ''Bankei Zen,'' a translation of the works of a 17th-century Zen master." ([https://www.nytimes.com/1983/09/01/obituaries/yoshitoshakeda-professor-ofjapaneseatcolumbiadies.html Source Accessed December 4, 2019)] +
Joan Jiko Halifax (born July 30, 1942) is an American Zen Buddhist teacher, anthropologist, ecologist, civil rights activist, hospice caregiver, and the author of several books on Buddhism and spirituality. She currently serves as abbot and guiding teacher of Upaya Zen Center in Santa Fe, New Mexico, a Zen Peacemaker community which she founded in 1990. Halifax-roshi has received Dharma transmission from both Bernard Glassman and Thich Nhat Hanh, and previously studied with the Korean master Seung Sahn. In the 1970s she collaborated on LSD research projects with her ex-husband Stanislav Grof, in addition to other collaborative efforts with Joseph Campbell and Alan Lomax. She is founder of the Ojai Foundation in California, which she led from 1979 to 1989. As a socially engaged Buddhist, Halifax has done extensive work with the dying through her Project on Being with Dying (which she founded). She is on the board of directors of the Mind and Life Institute, a non-profit organization dedicated to exploring the relationship of science and Buddhism. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Halifax Source Accessed July 24, 2023]) +
Dr Georgios T. Halkias is currently Assistant Professor of Buddhism at the Centre of Buddhist Studies, The University of Hong Kong. He received his DPhil in Oriental Studies (Tibetan and Himalayan Studies) in 2006 at the University of Oxford and has extensive fieldwork experience in India and Nepal. He specializes in Tibetan Buddhism, the transmission of Buddhism to Tibet, and Himalayan history and culture. Dr Halkias has been a Visiting Associate Researcher at the Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Oxford since 2007, and a Fellow at the Oxford Centre of Buddhist Studies since 2009. [http://translationintibet.wordpress.com/who-we-are-buddhist-translation-tibet/georgios-t-halkias/ source] +
Charles Hallisey served on the Committee on the Study of Religion at Harvard from 1991 to 2000, and then again in 2007 when he joined the Faculty of Divinity. Prior to returning to Harvard, he was Associate Professor in the Department of Languages and Cultures of Asia at the University of Wisconsin. Since January 2005, he had also been director of Wisconsin's Religious Studies Program. His research centers on Theravada Buddhism in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia, Pali language and literature, Buddhist ethics, literature in Buddhist culture. He is currently working on a book project entitled ''Flowers on the Tree of Poetry: The Moral Economy of Literature in Buddhist Sri Lanka''. ([https://studyofreligion.fas.harvard.edu/people/charles-hallisey Source Accessed Mar 10, 2021]) +
Urban Hammar defended his doctoral thesis, "Studies in the Kālacakra Tantra: A History of the Kālacakra Tantra in Tibet and a Study of the Concept of the Ādibuddha, the Fourth Body of the Buddha, and the Supreme Unchanging," in 2005. He is now working on a text by one of the disciples of Dolpo-pa on the history of Kālacakra Tantra. Hammar is affiliated with the Department of History of Religions at Stockholm University and teaches Tibetan at the Department of Oriental Languages. (Source: ''As Long as Space Endures'', 476) +
Han Yongun. (한용운) (1879-1944). Korean monk, poet, and writer, also known by his sobriquet Manhae or his ordination name Pongwan. In 1896, when Han was sixteen, both his parents and his brother were executed by the state for their connections to the Tonghak ("Eastern Learning") Rebellion. He subsequently joined the remaining forces of the Tonghak Rebellion and fought against the Chosǒn-dynasty government
but was forced to flee to Oseam hermitage on Mt. Sǒrak. He was ordained at the monastery of Paektamsa in 1905. Three years later, as one of the fifty-two monastic representatives, he participated in the establishment of the Wǒn chong (Consummate Order) and the foundation of its headquarters at Wǒnhǔngsa. After returning from a sojourn in Japan, where he witnessed Japanese Buddhism’s attempts to modernize in the face of the Meiji-era persecutions, Han Yongun wrote an influential tract in 1909 calling for radical changes in the Korean Buddhist tradition; this tract, entitled ''Chosǒn Pulgyo yusin non ("Treatise on the Reformation of Korean Buddhism"), set much of the agenda for Korean Buddhist modernization into the contemporary period. After Korea was formally annexed by Japan in 1910, Han devoted the rest of his life to the fight for independence. In opposition to the Korean monk Hoegwang
Sasǒn's (1862-1933) attempt to merge the Korean Wǒn chong with the Japanese Sōtōshū, Han Yongun helped to establish the Imje chong (Linji order) with its headquarters at Pǒmǒsa in Pusan. In 1919, he actively participated in the March First independence movement and signed the Korean Declaration
of Independence as a representative of the Buddhist community. As a consequence, he was sentenced to three years in prison by Japanese colonial authorities. In prison, he composed the ''Chosǒn Tongnip ǔi so'' ("Declaration of Korea’s Independence"). In 1925, three years after he was released from prison, he published a book of poetry entitled ''Nim ǔi ch'immuk'' ("Silence of the Beloved"), a veiled call for the freedom of Korea (the "beloved" of the poem) and became a leader in resistance literature; this poem is widely regarded as a classic of Korean vernacular writing. In 1930, Han became publisher of the monthly journal ''Pulgyo'' ("Buddhism"), through which he attempted to popularize Buddhism and to raise the issue of Korean political sovereignty. Han Yongun continued to lobby for independence until his death in 1944 at the age of sixty-six, unable to witness the long-awaited independence of Korea that occurred a year later on August 15th, 1945, with Japan's surrender in World War II. (Source: "Han Yongun." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 344–45. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)
Jaehee Han completed a translation of the ''Gaganagañjaparipṛcchāsūtra'' for his doctorate at the University of Oslo, under the supervision of Jens Braarvig, +
For six months each year, Don Handrick serves as the resident teacher at Thubten Norbu Ling, in Santa Fe, NM, a center affiliated with the Foundation for the Preservation of the Mahayana Tradition (FPMT). During that time, he also teaches at Ksitigarbha Tibetan Buddhist Center in Taos, NM, and volunteers for the Liberation Prison Project, teaching Buddhism once a month at a local prison. Since 2012 he has been an active member of the Interfaith Leadership Alliance of Santa Fe.<br><br>
Don spends the other half of each year as a touring teacher for the FPMT, visiting centers around the world. In 2015, Don had the honor of being selected to lead the renowned November Course, a one month teaching and meditation retreat held annually at Kopan Monastery in Kathmandu, Nepal.<br><br>
Don's study of Buddhism began in 1993 after reading The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying by Sogyal Rinpoche. Over the next two years he practiced with Sogyal Rinpoche's organization, until he began attending classes in 1996 with Venerable Robina Courtin at Tse Chen Ling in San Francisco.<br><br>
Don left the Bay Area in 1998 to attend the FPMT's Masters Program of Buddhist Studies in Sutra and Tantra, a seven-year residential study program conducted at Lama Tzong Khapa Institute in Tuscany, Italy, taught by the scholar and kind Spiritual Friend, Geshe Jampa Gyatso. He successfully completed all five subjects of this program in 2004, receiving an FPMT final certificate with high honors. Don then moved to Santa Fe, serving as the Spiritual Program Coordinator for Thubten Norbu Ling before being appointed resident teacher in 2006.<br><br>
Don has received teachings from many esteemed lamas in the Tibetan Buddhist tradition including His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Lama Zopa Rinpoche, Ribur Rinpoche, Choden Rinpoche, and Khensur Jampa Tegchok. ([https://www.donhandrick.com/about Source Accessed Nov 12, 2020]) +
Diego Hangartner has dedicated over thirty years to external scientific research and internal meditative exploration of the mind and consciousness. He started as a pharmacologist specializing in psychopharmacology and addiction, always interested in what constitutes a healthy mind and how to cultivate it. He spent many years at the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics in India, studying, translating and publishing several Tibetan works, and organizing several large events with His Holiness the Dalai Lama in Europe.
Diego was COO of Mind and Life Institute in the US and co-founder and director of Mind and Life Institute in Europe until 2015. Mind and Life is an organization that brings together scientists and contemplatives to discuss, research and fund research into how to tackle some of the toughest challenges facing mankind. Today, he continues his research and teaching with the Max Planck Institute, ETH (The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) and Zurich University.
To share his teaching more broadly, Diego founded the “Institute of Mental Balance and Universal Ethics” (IMBUE), an interdisciplinary initiative, to develop and provide tools and programs that foster mental balance. He created and teaches “The Wheel of Mental Balance”, a methodology to cultivate a healthy and resilient mind. ([https://www.buddhistinquiry.org/teacher/diego-hangartner/ Source Accessed Jan 8, 2021]) +
Span Hanna began studying Modern Standard Chinese (Putonghua, or Mandarin) in 1983 at the University of Adelaide as part of a B.A. degree. He followed this up with private study and lived and worked in China on two occasions for a total of four years. The latter experience broadened his knowledge of the language and gave him a considerable understanding of its use in Chinese society and culture. Since returning to Australia in 1993 he has maintained an interest in Chinese matters while working primarily as a schoolteacher. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/span-hanna-99804355/?originalSubdomain=au Adapted from Source Nov 29, 2023]) +
Oren Hanner works on Buddhist and cross-cultural philosophy, with special interest in ethics, action theory, philosophy of mind and social theory. He studied philosophy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv University, and Buddhist Studies at Hamburg University. His dissertation dealt with the problem of selfless agency in the ''Abhidharmakośabhāṣya'' of Vasubandhu, comparing Vasubandhu's way of addressing the problem with contemporary positions in Western analytic philosophy. At present, his main research projects focus on skeptical devices in Indian Buddhism and the foundations of group agency in the thought of Vasubandhu. ([https://www.buddhismuskunde.uni-hamburg.de/en/personen/hanner.html Source Accessed May 4, 2021]) +
Hānshān Déqīng (traditional Chinese: 憨山德清) (1546–1623), formerly transliterated Han-Shan Te-Ch’ing, was a leading Buddhist monk and poet of Ming Dynasty China who widely propagated the teachings of Chán and Pure Land Buddhism.
According to his autobiography, Hanshan Deqing entered a monastic school in Nanjing’s Bao’en temple at the age of twelve. While there he studied literature as well as religious subjects and began writing poetry when he was 17. Two years later he was ordained as a Chan monk under the Buddhist name of Cheng Yin. When the monastery burned down in 1566, he busied himself for some years in keeping the community together and raising money for repairs. Then in 1571 he set out as a religious wanderer, going from monastery to monastery in search of instruction and growing in meditative attainment. After four years he settled on Mount Wutai but by 1583 he had become famous as a Buddhist Master and set out travelling to remote areas again. It was at this time that he prefixed his name with that of Hanshan Peak so as to return to anonymity.
In consequence of having organized a successful ceremony to ensure the birth of a male heir to the throne while he was still at Mount Wutai, Hanshan obtained the patronage of the emperor's mother. With her support he was able eventually to establish a new monastery at Mount Lao on the coast of the Shandong Peninsula. But when relations between the Wanli Emperor and his mother broke down over the choice of heir, Hanshan was caught in a conflict which also included tensions between Daoists and Buddhists. In 1595, he was put on trial and imprisoned, then afterwards exiled to the Guangdong area. While there, he made himself socially useful and also helped restore Nanhua Temple at Caoxi which, since the time that Huineng was entombed there, had been converted into a meat market. Some of the monks at the temple made a false accusation of embezzlement of the restoration funds against him and, though he was acquitted, he did not return there.
Between 1611-22 Hanshan resumed his wanderings from monastery to monastery and also continued writing the religious expositions and commentaries he had begun during his exile. Shortly before his death in 1623 he returned south to Caoxi, where his body was eventually enshrined. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanshan_Deqing Source Accessed Apr 19, 2022])
Professor Helen Hardacre began the study of Japanese religions as an undergraduate at Vanderbilt University, and she earned her doctorate from the University of Chicago in 1980, studying with Professor Joseph Kitagawa. Her research on religion focuses on the manner in which traditional doctrines and rituals are transformed and adapted in contemporary life. Concentrating on Japanese religious history of the modern period, she has done extended field study of contemporary Shinto, Buddhist religious organizations and the religious life of Japan's Korean minority. She has also researched State Shinto and contemporary ritualizations of abortion. From 1980 to 1989, Professor Hardacre taught at Princeton University's Department of Religion, and from 1990 she taught two years in the School of Modern Asian Studies, Griffith University (Australia). She came to Harvard in 1992. Her publications include ''The Religion of Japan's Korean Minority'' (Berkeley, 1984), ''Lay Buddhism in Contemporary Japan: Reiyukai Kyodan'' (Princeton, 1984), ''Kurozumikyo and the New Religions of Japan'' (Princeton, 1986), ''Shinto and the State, 1868-1988'' (Princeton, 1989), ''Marketing the Menacing Fetus in Japan'' (Berkeley, 1997), which won the Arisawa Hiromichi Prize, and ''Religion and Society in Nineteenth-Century Japan: A Study of the Southern Kanto Region, Using Late Edo and Early Meiji Gazetteers'' (Michigan, 2002). Her current research centers on the issue of constitutional revision and its effect on religious groups. Hardacre was awarded a J.S. Guggenheim Fellowship in 2003, elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2014, and awarded the Order of the Rising Sun 3rd Class Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon from the Government of Japan in 2018. Hardacre's most recent monograph is ''Shinto: A History'' (Oxford, 2016), a comprehensive study of Shinto from ancient Japan to the present. ([https://ealc.fas.harvard.edu/people/helen-hardacre Source Accessed July 10, 2023]) +
Sarah Harding was born in Malibu in 1951 and educated in Los Angeles, California. She studied English literature and anthropology at Prescott College in Arizona and earned a degree in Religious Studies from Naropa University in Boulder, Colorado. Sarah spent three years traveling through Europe, Africa, and Asia, and while abroad, she studied Tibetan language and culture for two years in Darjeeling, India, and in Kathmandu, Nepal. In 1974, Sarah returned to the United States to continue her studies in Tibetan culture and language. Her interests in Tibetan and Buddhist studies culminated in her participation in the first traditional three-year meditation and study retreat for Westerners, which was conducted entirely in Tibetan, under the guidance of Venerable Kalu Rinpoche, near Dijon, France.
Between 1980 and 1992, Sarah served as a resident Dharma teacher and translator in Los Angeles and later in Santa Fe, New Mexico. She has done extensive oral translation internationally for such renowned teachers as Kalu Rinpoche, Chagdud Tulku, Tenga Rinpoche, Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso, Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche, and Gangteng Rinpoche. Sarah is a founding member of the International Buddhist Translation Committee and a member of the Nalanda Translation Committee. Her prolific career as a translator includes more than thirty-five translations of traditional Buddhist texts, as well as the Tibetan Language Correspondence Course, co-authored with Jeremy Morrelli. From 1992 she was a faculty member in Buddhist Studies at Naropa University and is recently retired. Sarah continues to make her home in Boulder, where she is currently working on her next book. She has been a Tsadra Fellow since 2000. ([https://books.google.com/books?id=eBhgB0Xqr24C&pg=PA193&lpg=PA193&dq=Sarah+Harding+was+born+in+Malibu+in+1951+and+educated+in+Los+Angeles,+California.+She+studied+English+literature+and+anthropology+at+Prescott+College+in+Arizona+and+earned+a+degree+in+Religious+Studies+from+Naropa+University+in+Boulder,+Colorado.+Sarah+spent+three+years+traveling+through+Europe,+Africa,+and+Asia,+and+while+abroad,+she+studied+Tibetan+language+and+culture+for+two+years+in+Darjeeling,+India,+and+in+Kathmandu,+Nepal.+In+1974,+Sarah+returned+to+the+United+States+to+continue+her+studies+in+Tibetan+culture+and+language.+Her+interests+in+Tibetan+and+Buddhist+studies+culminated+in+her+participation+in+the+first+traditional+three-year+meditation+and+study+retreat+for+Westerners,+which+was+conducted+entirely+in+Tibetan,+under+the+guidance+of+Venerable+Kalu+Rinpoche,+near+Dijon,+France.&source=bl&ots=aeYb7bOnh-&sig=ACfU3U0wbLUpmQYmQ8kGJrpCPhiuFrEe9g&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwihnZCTuuHqAhXIbc0KHZQ_AP8Q6AEwAXoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=Sarah%20Harding%20was%20born%20in%20Malibu%20in%201951%20and%20educated%20in%20Los%20Angeles%2C%20California.%20She%20studied%20English%20literature%20and%20anthropology%20at%20Prescott%20College%20in%20Arizona%20and%20earned%20a%20degree%20in%20Religious%20Studies%20from%20Naropa%20University%20in%20Boulder%2C%20Colorado.%20Sarah%20spent%20three%20years%20traveling%20through%20Europe%2C%20Africa%2C%20and%20Asia%2C%20and%20while%20abroad%2C%20she%20studied%20Tibetan%20language%20and%20culture%20for%20two%20years%20in%20Darjeeling%2C%20India%2C%20and%20in%20Kathmandu%2C%20Nepal.%20In%201974%2C%20Sarah%20returned%20to%20the%20United%20States%20to%20continue%20her%20studies%20in%20Tibetan%20culture%20and%20language.%20Her%20interests%20in%20Tibetan%20and%20Buddhist%20studies%20culminated%20in%20her%20participation%20in%20the%20first%20traditional%20three-year%20meditation%20and%20study%20retreat%20for%20Westerners%2C%20which%20was%20conducted%20entirely%20in%20Tibetan%2C%20under%20the%20guidance%20of%20Venerable%20Kalu%20Rinpoche%2C%20near%20Dijon%2C%20France.&f=false Adapted from Source July 22, 2020])
'''Online Publications''':
*[http://tsadra-wp.tsadra.org/2016/07/13/pha-dampa-sangye-and-the-alphabet-goddess/ Pha Dampa Sangye and the Alphabet Goddess: A Preliminary Study of the Sources of the Zhije Tradition]. Presented by Sarah Harding at the 2016 meeting of the International Association of Tibetan Studies (IATS) in Bergen, Norway
*[http://magazine.naropa.edu/wisdom-traditions-fall-2017/features/glorious-naropa.php Nāropa’s Life of Liberation and Spiritual Song]
*[http://tsadra-wp.tsadra.org/2014/04/28/did-machik-really-teach-chod/ Did Machik Lapdrön Really Teach Chöd? A Survey of the Early Sources]
Haribhaṭṭa lived perhaps not later than the first half of the 5th century.
Haribhaṭṭa is an Indian Buddhist poet who, in succession of Āryaśūra, has written a further Jātakamālā (Garland of narratives related to former births of the Buddha); up to now, no other works under his name are known to be extant in Sanskrit, Tibetan or Chinese. Since he praises the “teacher Śūra” (ācāryaśūra) as a composer of jātakas in the second introductory stanza of his Jātakamālā (ed. & trans. Hahn, 2011, 3–5), he must have lived contemporary with or later than this author. (Source: Steiner, Roland, “Haribhaṭṭa”, in: ''Encyclopedia of Buddhism Online'', Editor-in-Chief: Consulting Editors: Jonathan A. Silk, Oskar von Hinüber, Vincent Eltschinger. Consulted online on 16 August 2021 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2467-9666_enbo_COM_2031>
First print edition: 20190619) +
Kengo Harimoto has been a faculty member in the Buddhist Studies department at Mahidol University in Thailand since 2015. He is a Sanskritist focusing on Indian Philosophy, an expert reader of manuscripts, and has a wide academic background ranging from Vedānta, to Āyurveda, to the edition of Buddhist philosophical commentaries. ([https://www.facebook.com/BuddhistPhDMahidol/photos/a.10152914725503032/10153873367343032/?type=1&theater Source Accessed April 27, 2020]) +
Charles-Joseph de Harlez de Deulin (Liège, 21 August 1832 – Leuven, 14 July 1899) was a Belgian Orientalist, domestic prelate, canon of the cathedral of Liège, and member of the Academie Royale of Belgium, who studied and translated the Zoroastrian holy texts.
The family of de Harlez was an old and noble family of Liège. On completing his ordinary college course de Harlez devoted himself to the study of law in the University of Liège. His success in legal studies was considerable, and a strong doctorate examination brought his career at the law school to a close. His family connections and his own ability gave promise of a bright future, but, growing dissatisfied with the law, de Harlez soon abandoned the legal profession altogether.
He then took up the study of theology, and in 1858 was ordained priest. After his ordination he was appointed director of the college of Saint-Quirin in Huy. In 1867 he was put in charge of a new arts school which had been established for young ecclesiastics in connection with the Catholic University of Louvain. This position he held for four years. An old predilection for Oriental studies began then to make itself felt again in him. He was appointed to a professorship in the Oriental department of the Louvain Catholic University in 1871 and devoted himself with energy to the study of the Zoroastrian Sacred book - the Avesta - of which he published a translation (1875–77).
Spiegel had already translated the Avesta into German and Anqueil-Duperron had attempted a translation into French. The translation of de Harlez was an addition to Avesta exegesis, and the second edition of the work appeared in 1881. The relationship between the Rig Veda and the Avesta were not yet fully understood, de Harlez set himself to determine it. He emphasized the differences, in spite of many apparent agreements, between the two texts. His view met with much opposition, but some of his opponents - for instance James Darmesteter - reportedly came round to his point of view.
In 1883 Mgr de Harlez turned to a new department-the language and literature of China. In this department he was chiefly attracted by the problems of the ancient Chinese religion. He shows everywhere in his works this same taste for the study of religious developments, and founded and became first chief editor of a journal, Muséon, which was intended to be devoted to the objective study of history generally and of religious history in particular. It was founded in 1881, and many of the most important of its early articles were contributed by de Harlez. Though he was editor of the "Muséon" and still a keen student of Iranian and Chinese, de Harlez had time for other work. He was all the time professor of Sanskrit in the university and produced a Sanskrit manual for the use of his students.
He also made himself familiar with Manchu literature, and in 1884 he published in Louvain a handbook of the Manchu language. Under him the school of Louvain Oriental studies flourished. The Mélanges Charles de Harlez (Leyden. 1896), a collection of more than fifty scientific articles written by scholars of all countries and creeds, was presented to him on the twenty-fifth anniversary of his Louvain professorship. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles-Joseph_de_Harlez_de_Deulin Source Accessed Apr 18, 2022])
Laura Harrington received her received her Ph.D. in Religious Studies from Columbia University and subsequently taught Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, Asian Religions, Buddhist Art and Comparative Asian Medical Traditions at Trinity College and Wesleyan University. Her interests also include Tibetan Buddhism in the United States.
Professor Harrington’s research focuses on the study of Buddhist material culture, with a particular emphasis on the role of embodiment and emotion in the production of religious belief. Her interests also include the impact of so-called “modernity” discourse on the study of Tibet. She is contributing editor (with Robert Barnett) of the volume ''New Perspectives on Tibetan Traditionality'', and contributing editor for the books ''Tibetan Astro-Science'' (Tibet Domani, 2000) and ''Kālachakra'' (Tibet Domani, 1999). Her present book in progress is titled ''Secular Incarnations: Buddhist Tantra in Euro-American Thought''.
Her recent publications include a translation of a Tantric commentary by the second Dalai Lama of Tibet, and an exploration of a Tibetan Buddhist ritual through the lens of cognitive aesthetics. ([https://www.bu.edu/core/people/laura-harrington/ Source Accessed Dec 4, 2023]) +
Elizabeth J. Harris is an Honorary Lecturer at Birmingham University and Secretary for Inter Faith Relations for the Methodist Church in Britain. A former Research Fellow at Westminster College, Oxford, she is the author of many books and articles on Theravada Buddhism and Buddhist–Christian encounter. +
Ian Charles Harris (born June 17, 1952, died December 23, 2014 ) was an English Orientalist, Sanskrit scholar, and Buddhist. Harris studied at Lancaster University from 1977 to 1982. He earned a master's degree in religious studies at Lancaster University, and then earned a doctorate at Lancaster, with the book ''The Continuity of Madhyamaka and Yogācāra in Indian Mahāyāna Buddhism'' (1991). He then graduated from the University of Cambridge, and then became a teacher of religious studies and then head of department for schools in Bradford and Keighley. In 1987, his time began as a lecturer in religious studies at St. Martin's College Lancaster (later part of the University of Cumbria). ([https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Charles_Harris Source Accessed Dec 4, 2019])
An online obituary can be found [https://buddhism.arts.ubc.ca/2015/01/06/obituary-professor-ian-charles-harris-june-17th-1952-to-december-23rd-2014/ here.] +
Stephen Harris is a Lecturer at the Institute for Philosophy, at the University of Leiden, Netherlands. His research focuses on Indian philosophical texts, in particular Buddhist moral philosophy, and their conceptual relationship to issues investigated in contemporary philosophy. Current interests include moral demandingness in the writing of the 8th century Indian Buddhist philosopher Śāntideva, and cross-cultural study of well-being.
Other interests include comparative virtue theory, the role of suffering in ethical theory and the relation between personal identity and ethics. His research is also influenced by phenomenology, as well as ancient philosophy, including Chinese and Greek thought.
He teaches courses on comparative and Asian philosophy, as well as ethics and the history of philosophy, at the Institute for Philosophy in Leiden, as well as Leiden University College and the International B.A. program, both located in The Hague.
Dr. Harris received his PhD from the philosophy department at the University of New Mexico in the U.S. Before coming to Leiden University, he was a pre-doctoral fellow at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago. He has articles published or forthcoming by the journals Contemporary Pragmatism, The Journal of Buddhist Ethics, Philosophy East and West, Asian Philosophy and Sophia. ([https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/staffmembers/stephen-harris/publications#tab-3 Adapted from Source Jan 13, 2021]) +
Paul Harrison completed his B.A. and M.A. in Chinese at Auckland University in his native New Zealand and took his Ph.D. in South Asian & Buddhist Studies from Australian National University in 1979. After a short stint at Auckland (1981-1983), he taught Religious Studies at Canterbury University in Christchurch, New Zealand, for 22 years, being responsible for courses on Buddhism. Paul joined the permanent faculty of Stanford's Religious Studies Department in 2007. His research focuses on Buddhist history and literature, on the study of Buddhist manuscripts, and the edition and translation of Buddhist sacred texts in Sanskrit, Tibetan and Chinese. Paul is co-director of the Ho Center for Buddhist Studies at Stanford. ([https://explorecourses.stanford.edu/instructor/paulh1 Source Accessed Dec 4, 2019]) +
PhD: Indiana University (’03)
Lauran Hartley is Tibetan Studies Librarian for the C.V. Starr East Asian Library at Columbia University and occasionally serves as Adjunct Lecturer in Tibetan Literature for the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures. She received her Ph.D. in Tibetan Studies from Indiana University in 2003, and has also taught courses on Tibetan literature and religion at Indiana and Rutgers universities. In addition to co-editing the book Modern Tibetan Literature and Social Change (Duke University Press, 2008) and serving as Inner Asian Book Review Editor for the Journal of Asian Studies, she has also published several articles on Tibetan intellectual history and literary translations. Her current research focuses on literary production and discourse from the eighteenth century to present. +
Dr. Hartmann joined the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies as Assistant Professor of Asian Religions in 2020. She received a B.A. in Religious Studies from the University of Virginia in 2011, an M.A. in the History of Religions from the University of Chicago in 2013, and a Ph.D. from the Committee on the Study of Religion at Harvard University in 2020. She teaches courses about Buddhism and other Asian religions, including History of Non-Western Religions and Buddhist Ethics.
Professor Hartmann's engagement with Religious Studies arises out of a longstanding interest in religion as a force that shapes our experience of the world, and in the practices religions develop to transform that experience. After growing up in a multi-religious household, she encountered Buddhism as an undergraduate, and hasn't looked back since. She is comfortable in classical Tibetan, modern Tibetan, and Sanskrit, and also reads Chinese and Hindi. She has spent over a year and a half in various communities in Asia, including summers at a Buddhist nunnery in Ladakh, at the Tibetan Library of Works and Archives in Dharamsala, at Rangjung Yeshe Institute in Kathmandu, and at Sichuan University in Chengdu.
Her work focuses on the history of Tibetan pilgrimage to holy mountains and the goal of transforming perception while on pilgrimage, and she is currently working on a book on this topic. She is also interested in Buddhist ethics, vision and visuality, theories of place, and autobiographical writing. ([http://www.uwyo.edu/philrelig/faculty/relig/hartmann.html Source Accessed Oct 5, 2021]) +
Jens-Uwe Hartmann is Professor of Indology at the University of Munich. After studying in Munich and Göttingen he held the post of Professor of Tibetology at Humboldt University in Berlin before returning to Munich in 1999. In 2001 he became a full member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, and a corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 2007.
He has held visiting appointments at the Collège de France in Paris (2001 and 2004), the Centre for Advanced Study of the Norwegian Academy of Sciences in Oslo (2001–2002), the International College for Advanced Buddhist Studies in Tokyo (2002), the Soka University in Tokyo (2003), the UC Berkeley (2010) and the University of Stanford (2017).
His research centres on the recovery and reconstruction of Indian Buddhist literature on the basis of Indic manuscripts as well as translations into Chinese and Tibetan with a focus on canonical texts and works of poetry. His various authored and coedited works include an edition of the Varṇārhavarṇastotra of Mātṛceṭa (1987), a study of the Dīrghāgama of the Sarvāstivādins (1992), the series Buddhist Manuscripts devoted to the publication of ancient Indic manuscripts from Afghanistan (2000, 2002, 2006, 2016), and From Birch Bark to Digital Data: Recent Advances in Buddhist Manuscript Research (2014). ([https://ceres.rub.de/en/people/juhartmann/ Source Accessed Nov 19, 2021]) +
Peter Harvey, who gained his doctorate in Buddhist Studies at Lancaster University, under Ninian Smart, is Emeritus Professor of Buddhist Studies at the University of Sunderland, UK. His research focuses on early Buddhist thought and practices, and Buddhist ethics. He edits ''Buddhist Studies Review'', journal of the UK Association for Buddhist Studies, having founded the Association in 1995 with Ian Harris, and from 2002 to 2011 ran an online MA Buddhist Studies program. He is author of ''An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices'' (University of Cambridge Press, 1990, 2nd edn. 2013), ''The Selfless Mind: Personality, Consciousness and Nirvana in Early Buddhism'' (Curzon Press, 1995), and ''An Introduction to Buddhist Ethics: Foundations, Values and Practices'' (University of Cambridge Press, 2000). He has edited an anthology of Theravāda, Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna texts, ''Common Buddhist Text: Guidance and Insight from the Buddha'', to be published for free distribution by Mahachulalongkorn-rajavidyalaya University in Thailand. He is a member of the Samatha Trust and teaches a free online course on Samatha meditation. Retired, he now lives near York. ([https://sunderland.academia.edu/PeterHarvey Source Accessed Dec 5, 2019]) +
Charles has been a Dharma practitioner and scholar for over fifty years, and was one of the founding members of Padmakara Translation Group. Charles is one of our in-house editors and a mentor for junior editors and translators. He brings both editorial skills and a wealth of Dharma knowledge and experience to his role.
Charles’ adventure with the Dharma started in 1968. He has had the great privilege of receiving teachings from great masters, including Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche and Dudjom Rinpoche, and had the immense fortune to spend two years in India with his root teacher, Kyabje Kangyur Rinpoche. Charles has completed about nine years of retreat, including two traditional three-year retreats in Dordogne, France, as well as a couple of shorter retreats. During these retreats he received detailed instructions on the nine yānas and had the opportunity to put them into practice intensively.
Charles has BA and MA degrees in Asian languages from Cambridge University, where he studied archaeology and anthropology. He also studied Sanskrit, Prakrits, and Pāli under Professor K.R. Norman, whose methodology and rigor continue to inspire his approach to translation and mentoring. Charles was cotranslator of the renowned translation of Patrul Rinpoche’s The Words of My Perfect Teacher, which attempts to reflect the verve of the original in a way that is comprehensible and inspiring for modern readers. He has translated two books by his long-time friend Matthieu Ricard from French into English. He has also worked as an editor for 84000, mainly working on Prajñāpāramitā texts.
([https://www.khyentsevision.org/team/charles-hastings/ Source Accessed May 25th, 2023]) +
Hanna Havnevik is Associate Professor, Department of Culture Studies and Oriental Languages,
University of Oslo (since 2002).
Undergraduate studies in Social Anthropology, History, and the Study of Religion at the universities of Bergen and Oslo. Magister Artium thesis: "Tibetan Buddhist Nuns; History, Cultural Norms and Social Reality"; Doctor philos. thesis: The Life on Jetsun Lochen Rinpoche (1865-1951) as Told in Her Autobiography." Associate Professor at the Department of Culture Studies and Oriental Languages from 2003, Professor from 2012. Chair of the Network for University Cooperation Tibet-Norway 2003-2010. President of the International Association for Tibetan Studies from 2019.
In 2016 Hanna convened the 14th International Seminar of Tibetan Studies (IATS) at the University of Bergen, in cooperation with Astrid Hovden, Associate Professor, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, and a group of researchers from UiO and UiB. +
Eric came to Santa Clara University with over a decade of experience in higher education. Eric received his PhD in Buddhist Studies from the University of Michigan, where he taught Buddhist and Asian Studies courses, worked with faculty on integrating technology into their teaching, and facilitated interdisciplinary workshops. He also received his M.A. in Religious Studies at the University of Colorado, where he taught religion courses, and his B.A. in Religious Studies from Occidental College. At SCU, Eric coordinates instructional technology support and trainings, and works with faculty in digital media assignment collaborations, course design consultations, and in Technology and Teaching Workshops.
([https://www.scu.edu/is/academic-technology/about-us/staff-profiles/haynie.html Source Accessed April 24, 2023]) +
Guntram Hazod is an anthropologist focusing on the early history of Tibet. His methodological approach combines text and historical ethnography. He has been the co-author of several major monographs on Central Tibet’s medieval political and religious history, as well as author of numerous contributions that deal with identifying historical Tibetan toponyms, especially related to the period of the Tibetan empire. Linked to this is his interest in archaeology and landscape archaeology, with particular focus on early Tibetan burial practices, including the Tibetan tumulus tradition (4th–10th cent. CE).
Hazod received his PhD and habilitation at the University of Vienna. He has been working at the Austrian Academy of Sciences since 1992, from 2006 as a Senior Researcher at the Institute for Social Anthropology (ISA), and from July 2016 as a co-funded researcher at both the ISA and IKGA. Since January 2019 he has been working as a Senior Researcher exclusively at the IKGA. ([https://www.oeaw.ac.at/en/ikga/team/former-employees/hazod-guntram Source Accessed Feb 24, 2023]) +
Dr. phil. Jürg Hedinger is a lecturer in literature, psychology, philosophy, the history of religion, Indology, creative and literary writing at the School of Applied Linguistics (SAL), at the adult education center and other institutes. ([https://www.sal.ch/story-academy/autobiografisches-schreiben/mehr-zum-lehrgang/ Adapted from Source Feb 16, 2021]) +
Johannes Cornelis Heesterman (10 November 1925, Amsterdam – 14 April 2014, Leiden) was a Dutch Indologist and historian of religions and professor at the University of Leiden.
He graduated in Hindi and Indian cultures at the University of Utrecht where in 1957 he also took a master's degree under the supervision of J.Gonda.
From 1958 to 1961 he lived in India participating in the project of a historical dictionary in San Cristo. Then he returned to Utrecht to teach at the university, from 1964 to 1990 he was a professor at the University of Leiden of linguistic and cultural history of South Asia after the Islamic invasion. Until his death he was professor emeritus of that university.
His main works include: ''The Broken World of Sacrifice: Study on Ritual in Ancient India'', 1993, Chicago; Italian transl. Milano, Adelphi, 2007) and ''The Inner Conflict of Tradition: Essays in Indian Ritual, Kingship, and Society'' (1985, Chicago). +
Maria Heim is Professor of Religion at Amherst College. She holds a PhD in Sanskrit and Indian Studies from Harvard University and a BA in Philosophy and Religion from Reed College. She works on Sanskrit and Pali texts. Her most recent two books are on Buddhaghosa, including ''Voice of the Buddha'' (Oxford 2018) and ''Forerunner of All Things'' (Oxford 2014). She has also more recently published ''Buddhist Ethics'' (Cambridge University Press, 2020). A recent interview with her about ''Voice of the Buddha'' can be found here (https://www.3ammagazine.com/3am/buddhaghosa-immeasurable-words/). She is currently working on emotions in Classical India. ([https://amherst.academia.edu/MariaHeim Adapted from Source Apr 15, 2021]) +
S. Mark Heim is the Samuel Abbot Professor of Christian Theology at Andover Newton Seminary at Yale Divinity School. He is a graduate of Amherst College, Andover Newton Theological School and the Boston College—Andover Newton Theological School joint doctoral program in systematic theology. He has written extensively on issues of religious pluralism, atonement, and Christian ecumenism. His books include ''Salvations: Truth and Difference in Theology''; ''The Depth of the Riches: A Trinitarian Theology of Religious Ends''; ''Saved from Sacrifice: A Theology of the Cross''; and, most recently, ''Crucified Wisdom: Christ and the Bodhisattva in Theological Reflection'' (2018). He has also edited several volumes, including ''Faith to Creed: Ecumenical Perspectives on the Affirmation of the Apostolic Faith in the Fourth Century'' and ''Grounds for Understanding: Ecumenical Resources for Responses to Religious Pluralism''. He has received a Henry Luce III Fellowship in Theology (2009-2010) and a Pew Evangelical Scholars’ Research Fellowship (1997-98). He is a member of the American Theological Society. He served as co-chair of the comparative theology group in the American Academy of Religion. His teaching in the area of science and religion has received several national awards, including a Templeton Foundation award in 1998 for one of the twelve outstanding courses in this area. He was recently the primary investigator on a grant from the American Academy for the Advancement of Science devoted to integrating science into the theological curriculum. Along with a colleague from the Yale Medical School, Dr. Benjamin Doolittle, he teaches an interdisciplinary course on theology and medicine. An ordained American Baptist minister, he has represented his denomination on the Faith and Order Commissions of the National Council and World Council of Churches. He has served on numerous ecumenical commissions and study groups, including the Christian—Muslim relations committee of the National Council of Churches. His teaching and research interests include comparative theology, theologies of religious pluralism, science and theology, Christology and atonement and ecumenical ecclesiology. ([https://divinity.yale.edu/faculty-and-research/yds-faculty/stephen-mark-heim Source Accessed Jan 5, 2022])
Jörg Heimbel studied Tibetology and Social Anthropology at the University of Göttingen and the University of Hamburg, where he received his Magister Artium in 2007 with a thesis on the life and works of the Fifth gDong thog sPrul sku bsTan pa’i rgyal mtshan (1933–2015). He received his PhD in Tibetology from the same university in 2014 with as doctoral thesis on the life and times of Ngor chen Kun dga’ bzang po (1382–1456), a revised version of which he published in 2017. During his doctoral research, he joint the Tibetan Language Program at Tibet University (TU), Lhasa, China, and was a research fellow at the Lumbini International Research Institute (LIRI), Lumbini, Nepal.
Since 2014 he is working at the University of Hamburg as a research associate and lecturer (Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter) for Classical and Colloquial Tibetan.
His field of interest lies in the religious and cultural history of Tibet and its related biographical and historiographical literature with a special emphasis on the Sa skya school of Tibetan Buddhism. Furthermore, he pursues research in Tibetan Buddhist art and Colloquial Tibetan. For his new research projects, he investigates a tantric collection of old Tibetan manuscripts from Ngor Monastery [Link: NTT) and works on a typology of lama portraits of Ngor abbots commissioned as statues or thangka paintings (e.g., paintings to be shown on death anniversaries known as dus thang). ([https://www.buddhismuskunde.uni-hamburg.de/en/personen/heimbel.html University of Hamburg Source Accessed August 4, 2020]) +
Dr. Steven Heine is Professor of Religious Studies and History as well as Director of Asian Studies at Florida International University. He specializes in East Asian and comparative religions, Japanese Buddhism and intellectual history, Buddhist studies, and religion and social sciences. Dr. Heine earned his B.A. at the University of Pennsylvania and M.A. and Ph.D. at Temple University. Before coming to FIU in 1997, he taught at Pennsylvania State University and directed the East Asian Studies center there. Professor Heine teaches a variety of courses including Modern Asia and Methods in Asian Studies at graduate and undergraduate levels as well as Japanese culture and religion, Zen Buddhism, Ghosts, spirits and folk religions, religions of the Silk Road, and other aspects of Asian society.
Dr. Heine was a Fulbright Senior Researcher in Japan and twice won National Endowment for Humanities Fellowships plus funding from the American Academy of Religion and Association for Asian Studies in addition to the US Department of Education, the Japan Foundation and Freeman Foundation. He has conducted research on Zen Buddhism in relation to medieval and modern society primarily at Komazawa University in Tokyo. Heine has lectured there institutions in addition to Brown, Cambridge, Columbia, Emory, Florida, Free University, Harvard, Hawaii, Iowa, London, North Carolina, McGill, Ohio State, Oslo, Princeton, Pennsylvania, Stanford, UCLA, Yale, Zurich and many other conferences and institutions. He was chair of the national Japanese Religions Group and the Sacred Space in Asia Group, and he is editor of Japan Studies Review and a former book review editor for Japan for Philosophy East and West published by the University of Hawaii Press.
Dr. Heine’s research specialty is medieval East Asian religious studies, especially the transition of Zen Buddhism from China to Japan. In addition to 100 articles in peer-reviewed journals and outstanding edited volumes, he has published thirty-five books, both monographs and edited volumes. Over a dozen of his books have been reviewed or noted in such publications as CHOICE, Chronical of Higher Education, Booklist, Library Journal, or Times Literary Supplement, in addition to multiple reviews in various academic journals or professional outlets.
The most recent books include ''From Chinese Chan to Japanese Zen: A Remarkable Century of Transmission and Transformation'' (Oxford); ''Zen and Material Culture'' (Oxford); ''Chan Rhetoric of Uncertainty in the Blue Cliff Record: Sharpening the Sword at the Dragon's Gate'' (Oxford); ''Zen Koans'' (Hawaii); ''Like Cats and Dogs: Contesting the Mu Kōan in Zen Buddhism'' (Oxford); ''Dōgen and Sōtō Zen: New Perspectives'' (Oxford); ''Dōgen: Textual and Historical Studies'' (Oxford); and ''Sacred High City, Sacred Low City: A Tale of Sacred Sites in Two Tokyo Neighborhoods'' (Oxford). Three books are forthcoming in 2020: ''Readings of Dōgen’s Treasury of the True Dharma Eye'' (Columbia); ''Flowers Blooming on a Withered Tree: Giun's Verse Comments on Dōgen's Shōbōgenzō'' (Oxford); ''Creating the World of Chan/ Sǒn /Zen: Chinese Chan Buddhism and its Spread throughout East Asia''.
Other books include ''Zen Skin, Zen Marrow: Will the Real Zen Buddhism Please Stand Up?'' (Oxford); ''Did Dōgen Go to China? What He Wrote and When He Wrote It'' (Oxford); ''Opening a Mountain: Kōans of Zen Masters'' (Oxford); ''Shifting Shape, Shaping Text: Philosophy and Folklore in the Fox Kōan'' (Hawaii); ''The Zen Poetry of Dōgen: Verses From the Mountain of Eternal Peace'' (Tuttle); ''Dōgen and the Kōan Tradition: A Tale of Two Shōbōgenzō Texts'' (SUNY); ''Existential and Ontological Dimensions of Time in Heidegger and Dōgen'' (SUNY); ''The Zen Canon: Studies of Classic Zen Texts'' (Oxford). His book ''White Collar Zen: Using Zen Principles to Overcome Obstacles and Achieve Your Career Goals'' (Oxford) was reviewed by the Harvard Business School, USA Today, and the Washington Post. For more detailed information on his books, please see [https://asian.fiu.edu/about/director/books/ here]. ([https://asian.fiu.edu/about/director/ Source Accessed Jan 17, 2020])
Walther Heissig (December 5, 1913 – September 5, 2005) was an Austrian Mongolist. Heissig was born in Vienna. He studied prehistory, ethnology, historical geography, sinology and Mongolian in Berlin and Vienna, and got his doctoral degree in 1941 in Vienna. Afterwards he traveled to China, worked at the Fu-jen University in Beijing and visited China's Inner Mongolia region. In 1945/46 he had to leave China in an affair about alleged espionage for Japan by German nationals. In 1951 he obtained his habilitation at Göttingen, but, on failing to obtain a position there, he undertook to pursue his second habilitation at the Bonn in 1957. In 1964, he was appointed the Chair of the Central Asian seminar at Bonn University.<br><br>
His major fields of study were Mongolian history, literature, and also Mongolian maps. He not only made a number of invaluable contributions in the academic field, but also edited several popular books on Mongolian history and culture, for example ''Ein Volk sucht seine Geschichte''. He also published several books on Mongolian epics, proverbs, and folk tales.<br><br>
He worked extensively on the Epic of King Gesar and other epics circulating in Mongolia. In 1978, he initiated a project for the study of epics. Also, with the help of Heissig, the five-volume series "Folklore mongol" by B. Rinchen was published between 1960–1972, followed by a 13-volume series of epics, ''Mongolische Epen'' by Nicholas Poppe. His scientific research work has been acknowledged by elections into various learned societies i.a. he was elected foreign member of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences which is the highest scientific honour in Mongolia. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther_Heissig Source Accessed Apr 2, 2021]) +
Amy Heller is affiliated with CNRS, Paris (Tibetan studies unit 7133). She has traveled many times to Tibet, Nepal and along the Silk Road. Her trip to Tibet in 1995 as a part of team for evaluating restoration of monasteries of Gra thang and Zha lu and its subsequent research resulted in her book Tibetan Art (1999) published in English, French, Italian and Spanish. She has been curator for two exhibitions of Tibetan art (Yale University Art Gallery, and Beinecke Library, Yale). Her forthcoming book Hidden Treasures of the Himalaya: Tibetan manuscripts, paintings and sculptures of Dolpo is a study of the cultural history of Dolpo, Nepal, presenting a collection of 650 volumes of 12th-16th century illuminated Tibetan manuscripts conserved in an ancient Dolpo temple. +
A long–term student of Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche, Ann joined the Nalanda Translation Committee in 1986. She studied Tibetan at Naropa University, mainly with Dzigar Kongtrul, and she taught Tibetan and Foundations of Buddhism at Naropa from 1991-2004. After 30 years in Boulder, Ann lived as a retreatant for eight years at Padma Samye Ling, the monastery in upstate New York of Khenchen Palden Sherab and Khenpo Tsewang Dongyal. From 1997 to 2014, she translated primarily with Ringu Tulku and for Dharma Samudra, the Khenpo Brothers’ publication group. In 2014 Ann moved to Portland, Oregon, where she continues her Buddhist practice and study under the guidance of Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche. ([http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Ann_Helm Source Accessed Sept 9, 2020]) +
Kokyo Henkel has been practicing Zen since 1990 in residence at Tassajara Zen Mountain Center (most recently as Head of Practice), Green Gulch Farm Zen Center, No Abode Hermitage in Mill Valley, and Bukkokuji Monastery in Japan.
He was ordained as a priest in 1994 by Tenshin Anderson Roshi and received Dharma Transmission from him in 2010. Kokyo is interested in exploring how the original teachings of Buddha-Dharma from ancient India, China, and Japan can still be very much alive and useful in present-day America to bring peace and openness to the minds of this troubled world.
Kokyo has also been practicing with the Tibetan Dzogchen (“Great Completeness”) Teacher Tsoknyi Rinpoche since 2003, in California, Colorado, and Kathmandu. ([https://sczc.org/kokyo-henkel-page Source Accessed Nov 20, 2020]) +
Edward Henning was a mathematician with a long career in computer journalism and programming. An experienced translator, he specialized in Kālacakra literature for over three decades. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/edward-henning/ Wisdom Experience]) +
Hilary Herdman, Ph.D, studied and taught at Rangjung Yeshe Institute at Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling monastery since 2000. Hilary was a founding member of the Dharmachakra Translation Committee. She completed an MA and later a Ph.D in Buddhist Studies at the University of Bristol, UK. Her thesis concerned the origins of pilgrimage and her research interests include pilgrimage, devotional and ritual practices, and their significance in the Buddhist tradition. She is a member of Samye Institute Executive Committee. She humbly wishes to thank her teachers, Khyabje Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche and Phakchok Rinpoche for their tremendous compassion, wisdom and kindness. Hilary feels deep gratitude to all the excellent Buddhist teachers throughout the years, and the lamas, khenpos, and nuns associated with Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling monastery. ([https://samyeinstitute.org/instructors/hilary-herdman/ Source Accessed Mar 9, 2023]) +
Dr. Adelheid Hermann-Pfandt is a professor of Religious Studies at Philipps University of Marburg. His main areas of study include, the History of religions in India and Tibet, religious art, iconography of Tibetan Buddhism, religion in Indian film, religious studies on women and gender, religion and violence, and destructive cults.
Born 1955 in Göttingen.
1975-1983 studied religious and intellectual history, religious studies, history, classical philology, Indology, Tibetology and Indian art history in Erlangen and Bonn.
1983 Magister Artium (Religious Studies, Modern History, Tibetology) with the work Investigations into the religious history and mythology of the Dakinis in the Indo-Tibetan region.
1990 PhD in Bonn (religious studies, Indology, Tibetology) with the dissertation Dakinis: On the position and symbolism of the female in tantric Buddhism (published in 1992 by Indica et Tibetica Verlag, Bonn).
1991-1994 Research Assistant in the Department of Indology/Tibetology at the University of Marburg.
1994ff. Lectureships at the Universities of Bremen, Marburg, Hanover, Göttingen, Frankfurt am Main, Fribourg/Switzerland, Siegen.
1999 year-long intensive study of colloquial Tibetan at the Manjushree Center of Tibetan Culture in Darjeeling, India.
2001 Habilitation in Marburg in the subject of religious studies with the work A source study of esoteric (tantric) Buddhism in India from the beginnings to the 9th century.
2002 Appointment as private lecturer for religious studies at the Philipps University of Marburg.
2004 Collaboration in the DFG project "Destiny Interpretation and Lifestyle in Japanese Religions" (Prof. Dr. Michael Pye, Marburg).
2006-2008 Planning and management of the special exhibition "Tibet in Marburg" in the religious studies collection of the University of Marburg, including publication of the catalogue.
2009 Appointment as adjunct professor for religious studies at the Philipps University of Marburg.
2009 Käthe-Leichter visiting professor for women's and gender studies in the field of religions in South Asia and Tibet at the Institute for South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies at the University of Vienna.
2009-2014 research grant from the Horst and Käthe Eliseit Foundation, Essen, for the project "Comparative studies on rNying ma pa iconography". ([https://www.uni-marburg.de/de/fb03/ivk/fachgebiete/religionswissenschaft/fach/personen/copy_of_apl-prof-dr-adelheid-herrmann-pfandt Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022])
Peter Hershock is Manager of the Asian Studies Development Program (ASDP) at the East-West Center in Honolulu, Hawai'i. In his work with ASDP, he designs and directs higher education faculty and institutional development programs that seek to mainstream the study of Asian cultures and societies in the undergraduate classroom. In connection with his work in the Professional Development Program at the Center, he has collaborated in designing and hosting international education leadership programs and research seminars that critically examine the relationships among higher education, globalization, equity and diversity. Most recently, he has helped launch the Center’s initiative on Humane Artificial Intelligence, with a focus on the societal impacts and ethical issues raised by emerging technologies. Trained in Asian and comparative philosophy, his research and writing draw on Buddhist conceptual resources to reflect on and address contemporary issues of global concern. ([https://www.eastwestcenter.org/about/staff/peter.hershock Source Accessed May 28, 2023]) +
Heshang Moheyan [or Hashang Mahāyāna] was the Chinese abbot whom Kamalashila defeated in a famous debate at Samyé. He is said to have been a representative of a form of Ch’an meditation, but in a rather nihilistic form. He taught that meditation consists of not doing anything at all in the mind, and that this can bring about sudden enlightenment, without the need even to practice the six paramitas. Tibetan scholars throughout the centuries have often accused one another of adhering to Hashang’s system, and often put this down to the particular tendrel created when he “left his shoes behind” in Tibet following his defeat. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Hashang Source Accessed Oct 22, 2019]) +
Chinese Chan master and reputed main disciple of the sixth patriarch Huineng; his collateral branch of Huineng’s lineage is sometimes referred to as the Heze school. Shenhui was a native of Xiangyang in present-day Hubei province. He became a monk under the master Haoyuan (d.u.) of the monastery of Kuochangsi in his hometown of Xiangyang. In 704, Shenhui received the full monastic precepts in Chang'an, and extant sources provide differing stories of Shenhui's whereabouts thereafter. He is said to have become a student of Shenxiu and later visited Mt. Caoxi where he studied under Huineng until the master's death in 713. After several years of traveling, Shenhui settled down in 720 at the monastery of Longxingsi in Nanyang (present-day Henan province). In 732, during an "unrestricted assembly" (wuzhe dahui) held at the monastery Dayunsi in Huatai, Shenhui engaged a monk by the name of Chongyuan (d.u.) and publicly criticized the so-called Bei zong (Northern school) of Shenxiu’s disciples Puji and Xiangmo Zang as being a mere collateral branch of Bodhidharma's lineage that upheld a gradualist soteriological teaching. Shenhui also argued that his teacher Huineng had received the orthodox transmission of Bodhidharma's lineage and his "sudden teaching" (dunjiao). In 745, Shenhui is said to have moved to the monastery of Hezesi in Luoyang, whence he acquired his toponym. He was cast out of Luoyang by a powerful Northern school follower in 753. Obeying an imperial edict, Shenhui relocated to the monastery of Kaiyuansi in Jingzhou (present-day Hubei province) and assisted the government financially by performing mass ordinations after the economic havoc wrought by the An Lushan rebellion in 755. He was later given the posthumous title Great Master Zhenzong (Authentic Tradition). Shenhui also plays a minor, yet important, role in the ''Liuzu tan jing'' ("Platform Sūtra of the Sixth Patriarch"). A treatise entitled the ''Xianzongji'', preserved as part of the ''Jingde chuandeng lu'', is attributed to Shenhui. Several other treatises attributed to Shenhui were also discovered at Dunhuang. Shenhui's approach to Chan practice was extremely influential in Guifeng Zongmi's attempts to reconcile different strands of Chan, and even doctrine, later in the Tang dynasty; through Zongmi, Shenhui's teachings also became a critical component of the Korean Sǒn master Pojo Chinul’s accounts of Chan soteriology and meditation. (Source: "Heze Shenhui." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 349. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)
Rev. Blayne Higa is the Resident Minister of the Kona Hongwanji Buddhist Temple in Kealakekua on the Big Island of Hawaii. He holds a Master of Divinity from the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley, California with a focus on Shin Buddhist ministry and chaplaincy. He has been a contributor to Tricycle, Lion’s Roar, and Buddhadharma, and is a frequent speaker and seminar leader at Buddhist communities in Hawaii and around the nation.
Rev. Blayne received Tokudo ordination and Kyoshi certification from the Jodo Shinshu Hongwanji-ha in Kyoto, Japan. He is the Chair of the Committee on Social Concerns and Ministerial Training Committee for the Honpa Hongwanji Mission of Hawaii. He was also a co-planner for the 2022 Future of American Buddhism Conference.
Prior to entering ministry, he had careers in state government and the non-profit sector for over seventeen-years. He holds a Master of Public Administration and a certificate in Urban and Regional Planning from the University of Hawaii at Manoa. He received a BA from Willamette University in Salem, Oregon. Committed to civic engagement, Rev. Blayne serves on the boards of the American Civil Liberties Union of Hawaii and Vibrant Hawaii. He is also a member of the Advisory Board of The Interfaith Alliance Hawaii. You can learn more about his work at www.blaynehiga.com. ([https://www.blaynehiga.com/about Source Accessed April 25, 2024]) +
David Higgins received his doctorate from the University of Lausanne, Switzerland in 2012. He subsequently held a position as a Post-doc Research Fellow in the Department of South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies at the University of Vienna where he explored the relationship between Mahāmudrā and Madhyamaka philosophies in Bka’ brgyud scholasticism during the post-classical period (15th to 16th centuries). His research interests include Indo-Tibetan Buddhist philosophy and epistemology with a particular focus on Bka’ brgyud Mahāmudrā and Rnying ma Rdzogs chen doctrines and practices. His PhD thesis was published under the title ''Philosophical Foundations of Classical Rdzogs chen in Tibet: Investigating the Distinction Between Dualistic Mind (sems) and Primordial Knowing (ye shes)'' (Vienna, WSTB no. 78, 2013). His recent publications include ''Mahāmudrā and the Middle Way: Post-classical Kagyü Discourses on Mind, Emptiness and Buddha Nature'' (Vienna, WSTB no. 90, 2016, 2 vols.) and ''Buddha Nature Reconsidered: The Eighth Karma pa’s Middle Path'' (Vienna, WSTB, forthcoming, 2 vols.), both of which were co-authored with Martina Drazczyk. ([https://conference.tsadra.org/past-event/2019-vienna-symposium/ Source Accessed July 22, 2020]) +
Greg Hillis taught Sanskrit and Tibetan languages as well as other Asian religion courses in the Religious Studies Department at UCSB from the early 2000s until his retirement in 2023. He received his PhD from the University of Virginia. +
Timothy Hinkle spent three years studying at the Rangjung Yeshe Institute and has traveled twice to the eastern Tibetan region of Golok. He has served as an oral interpreter for Katog Choling USA, and is now studying somatic psychology in Oakland, California. He works with Light of Berotsana and 84000 under the auspices of the Dharmachakra Translation Committee. ([https://www.lotsawahouse.org/translators/timothy-hinkle/ Source Accessed June 2, 2021]) +
Sandy Hinzelin has a PhD in philosophy, she has taught Eastern and Western philosophy for several years in the philosophy department of the Blaise Pascal University in Clermont-Ferrand. She has also made numerous trips to India, Nepal and the United States for her research and practice. She is currently a research associate at PHIER (University of Clermont Auvergne). Her thesis "Tous les êtres sont des Bouddhas" was published by Sully Editions (2018). She has also published "Les 12 lois du karma" with Anaka (Jouvence, 2021), and translated into french "Joy of being" and "Time, Space and Knowledge: a new vision of reality" by the Tibetan master Tarthang Tulku. +
Jay Hirabayashi was born in Seattle, Washington in 1947, but grew up in Beirut, Lebanon, Cairo, Egypt, and Edmonton, Alberta. He has a B.A. degree from the University of Alberta and a M.A. degree from the UBC in Buddhist philosophy. In 1978, Hirabayashi began a career as a dance artist. After performing with several prominent Vancouver dance companies, Hirabayashi and his wife, Barbara Bourget, founded Kokoro Dance in 1986. Taking its name from the Japanese word kokoro – meaning heart, soul and spirit – and inspired by the Japanese avant garde dance form known as butoh, Kokoro Dance has presented over one thousand performances across Canada, in the United States, Europe, Argentina, and Cuba.
Hirabayashi and Bourget also started the annual Vancouver International Dance Festival (VIDF) in 2000. The VIDF has presented over 280 Canadian and international dance companies to a total audience of 80,548 people. The VIDF is an inclusive festival, but with a focus on culturally diverse contemporary dance artists.
Hirabayashi has choreographed over 90 dance works, has taught butoh classes regularly since 1995, and continues to perform, choreograph, and teach while also administrating both Kokoro Dance and the VIDF. He is the son of Gordon K. Hirabayashi who posthumously received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama in 2012 for openly defying the forced relocation and internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. ([https://japanesecanadianartists.com/artist/jay-hirabayashi/ Source Accessed July 24, 2023]) +
Born in Toyohashi City in Aichi Prefecture on January 21, 1915, Hirakawa studied as an undergraduate and then graduate student (1939-1945) at the Department of Indian Philosophy and Sanskrit Philology, Faculty of Letters, Tokyo Imperial University (now University of Tokyo), and became Research Assistant of that department in 1946. He was appointed Associate Professor of the newly established Department of Indian Philosophy at Hokkaido University in 1950. After teaching for four years in Hokkaido University, he returned to Tokyo in 1954 to become Associate Professor of Buddhist Studies at his alma mater. Hirakawa was granted a full professorship in 1962, a position he held until reaching the University of Tokyo’s mandatory retirement age of 60 in 1975, at which time he received the title of Professor Emeritus. After his retirement he taught for 10 years (1975-1985) Buddhist Studies at Waseda University, Department of Oriental Philosophy, School of Literature. Hirakawa also served as Chairman of the Directors of the Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies for eight years (1983-1991), where he made tremendous contributions toward the advancement of the Association. In 1993 he was selected to be a member of the Japan Academy. He went on to become Chairman and Professor at the International College for Advanced Buddhist Studies (established in 1996), where in addition to his duties as the director of research and education, he was responsible for the general administration of the College. He held this position until passing away. ([https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/jiabs/article/download/8928/2821/ Source Accessed Dec 5, 2019])
[https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/jiabs/article/download/8928/2821/ See also, ''In Memoriam'', Professor Akira Hirakawa] +
Dr. Dennis Hirota is a professor in the Department of Shin Buddhism at Ryukoku University in Kyoto, Japan. He was born in Berkeley, California in 1946 and received his B.A. from University of California, Berkeley. In 2008, he was a visiting professor of Buddhism at Harvard Divinity School where his studies focused on the Buddhist monk Shinran.
He has worked extensively as a translator and editor of Buddhist works. He is particularly known for his translation work in The Collected Works of Shinran. He has also published numerous books and articles, in both English and Japanese, on Pure Land Buddhism and Buddhist aesthetics. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Hirota Source Accessed June 2, 2023]) +
Dan Hirshberg’s study and practice of Tibetan Buddhism began as an undergrad in 1996 and culminated in a PhD at Harvard University (2012) where his dissertation focused on Nyang-rel Nyima Ozer (1124–92), the first of the great Buddhist treasure revealers, and the textual and religious innovations that produced the first biography of Padmasambhava. Dan is now Assistant Professor of Religion at the The University of Mary Washington in Fredericksburg, VA, where he directs the Contemplative Studies program and serves as associate director of the Leidecker Center for Asian Studies. His first book, Remembering the Lotus-Born: Padmasambhava in the History of Tibet's Golden Age (Wisdom Publications 2016), explores the earliest re/construction of Tibet's most popular narrative, its conversion to Buddhism under the emperors, by means of Tibetan innovations in reincarnation theory, textual revelation, and historiography. It won Honorable Mention for the E. Gene Smith Book Prize from the Association for Asian Studies in 2018. +
Chien-hsing Ho 何建興 is an Associate Professor in the Graduate Institute of Religious Studies at Nanhua University, Taiwan. He received his doctorate in philosophy from the University of Delhi, India in 1999. He specializes in Indian and Chinese Madhyamaka, Buddhist epistemology, and the Buddhist philosophy of language, with additional research interests in Chan Buddhism, Daoist philosophy, Indian philosophy, and comparative philosophy. He has published articles in such international refereed journals as ''Philosophy East and West''; ''Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy''; ''Asian Philosophy''; the ''Journal of Chinese Philosophy''; and the ''Journal of Indian Philosophy''. He is currently planning a book in English on Chinese Madhyamaka. (Source: ''A Distant Mirror'', about the authors, 530) +
Dr. Stephen Hodge completed his undergraduate studies at SOAS, University of London (1969–72) and his post-graduate studies at Tōhoku Universty (1972–81), focussing on the formation of early tantric Buddhism and early Yogācāra. He was ordained as a Shingon monk at Mt. Koya in 1974. Since returning to the UK, apart from some teaching work, Hodge has mainly engaged in translation work and also independent research into the textual formation of early Mahāyāna, especially focusing on the ''Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra'' and related texts. He is currently working on a translation of the Tibetan and two Chinese versions of the ''Nirvāṇasūtra'', to be accompanied by an exhaustive textual analysis demonstrating the compositional methods and stratification of this text and the relationship between the three versions. Hodge has recently embarked upon a parallel study of the development and texts of early 1st century CE Messianic Judaism and the Hebreo-Aramaic basis of the Gospels, as well as investigating possible ideological influences in Southern India.
His publications include: ''An Introduction to Classical Tibetan'' (1990), ''The Illustrated Tibetan Book of the Dead'' (1998), ''The Dead Sea Scrolls'' (2001), ''The Mahā-Vairocana Tantra with Commentary by Buddhaguhya'' (2001), ''The Daodejing'' (2002), the following sections of the ''Yogācāra-bhūmi-ṣāstra'': ''Vyakhyā-saṃgrahaṇī'', ''Paryāya-saṃgrahaṇī'', ''Vastu-saṃgrahaṇī'', ''Śrāvaka-bhūmi'' (forthcoming with BDK). Hodge is also currently publishing a series of interim study papers on the ''Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra'': Paper I “The Textual Transmisssion of the ''Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra''," Paper II "Who Compiled the ''Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra'', Where & When?” (forthcoming), Paper III "The Development of the Conceptual Terminology of the ''Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa-sūtra''" (forthcoming. ([https://www.buddhismuskunde.uni-hamburg.de/en/personen/hodge.html Source Accessed October 16, 2019]) +
Brian Houghton Hodgson (1 February 1800 or more likely 1801[1] – 23 May 1894[2]) was a pioneer naturalist and ethnologist working in India and Nepal where he was a British Resident. He described numerous species of birds and mammals from the Himalayas, and several birds were named after him by others such as Edward Blyth. He was a scholar of Newar Buddhism and wrote extensively on a range of topics relating to linguistics and religion. He was an opponent of the British proposal to introduce English as the official medium of instruction in Indian schools. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Houghton_Hodgson Source Accessed Oct 6, 2023]) +
Augustus Frederic Rudolf Hoernlé (1841–1918), also referred to as Rudolf Hoernle or A. F. Rudolf Hoernle, was an Indologist and philologist. He is famous for his studies on the Bower Manuscript (1891), Weber Manuscript (1893) and other discoveries in northwestern China and Central Asia particularly in collaboration with Aurel Stein. Born in India to a Protestant missionary family from Germany, he completed his education in Switzerland, and studied Sanskrit in the United Kingdom. He returned to India, taught at leading universities there, and in the early 1890s published a series of seminal papers on ancient manuscripts, writing scripts, and cultural exchange between India, China, and Central Asia. His collection after 1895 became a victim of forgery by Islam Akhun and colleagues in Central Asia, a forgery revealed to him in 1899. He retired and settled in Oxford in 1899. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Hoernl%C3%A9 Source Accessed December 5, 2019]) +
Helmut Hoffmann (August 24, 1912 – October 8, 1992) was a German Tibetologist. From 1931 he studied ancient languages and Sanskrit in Freiburg im Breisgau and from 1932 in Berlin. After graduating as PhD in Berlin in 1939 he became a professor in Munich (1948–1968) and in Bloomington (Indiana) (1969–1980). [https://badw.de/fileadmin/nachrufe/Hoffmann%20Helmut.pdf See Obituary] +
John Holder is a professor of Philosophy at St. Norbert College in De Pere, Wisconsin. His primary area of research is comparative philosophy, in particular, the comparison of early Buddhism and John Dewey's pragmatism. He is currently working on a naturalistic conception of religious experience that draws on key elements in both of these philosophical traditions.
His publications include a Hackett textbook ''Early Buddhist Discourses'' that contains translations of and introductions to 20 discourses from the Pali Canon (the earliest Buddhist scriptures).
He is an active member of the Society for the Advancement of American Philosophy and the Society for Asian and Comparative Philosophy [(https://www.snc.edu/academics/faculty/john.holder.html Adapted from Source May 18, 2021]) +
Following an education in France and America, Katia Holmes gained an M.A. in political science at SciencePo in Paris and went on to gain an M.Sc. in economics at the University of Paris. Her research at this time took her to India. Following a year of lecturing at Vincennes University in Paris, in 1970 she stayed for much of a sabbatical year in Kagyu Samye Ling Tibetan Centre in Scotland, which she had visited in 1969. Based in Samye Ling and France, she has dedicated her life since then to the study and preservation of Tibetan wisdom. In 1987 she gained a pre-doctoral DEA diploma in Religious Anthropology of Asia and Africa at the EPHE, Paris. Since 1993, she has concentrated on Tibetan Medicine and has worked in close conjunction with Khenpo Troru Tsenam Rinpoche . . . Katia is the main translator and interpreter for the Tara-Rokpa College of Tibetan Medicine where she is working on a translation of the famous Fourfold Tantra . . . ([http://kagyu.org.za/harare/visiting-teachers/ken-and-katia-holmes-october-23-november-2-2013/ Source Accessed Jul 22, 2020]) +
Ken is currently Director of Studies at Kagyu Samye Ling. His life is spent teaching in Samye Dzongs in various countries, writing and translating dharma works, and he also occasionally interprets for visiting Tibetan lamas. He has also lectured in elementology and astro-science for the Tara-Rokpa College of Tibetan Medicine. He was a founder member of the Scottish Inter-Faith Council and has worked with the British Cabinet Office and the European Community on training programmes. He represented Buddhism at the seminal 2002 meetings in Brussels to discuss religious representation in the new European constitution. ([https://www.samyeling.org/buddhism-and-meditation/teaching-archive-2/dharmacharya-ken-holmes/ Source Accessed Jul 22, 2020]) +
Amy Holmes-Tagchungdarpa is an associate professor in the Department of Religious Studies at Occidental College. She is the author of ''The Social Life of Tibetan Biography: Textuality, Community, and Authority in the Lineage of Tokden Shakya Shri'' (Lexington, 2014), which explores the trans-Himalayan lineage of Tokden Sakya Sri that spanned communities in eastern Tibet, western China, Bhutan, Sikkim, Nepal, Ladakh, and beyond. Her current research focuses on Buddhism, book culture, language, and community formation across the Himalayas. (Source: ''A Gathering of Brilliant Moons'', 329) +
John Clifford Holt joined the Bowdoin faculty in 1978. He taught courses about Asian religious traditions, especially Hinduism and Buddhism, as well as courses on theoretical approaches to the study of religion. In 1982, he organized and founded the Inter-collegiate Sri Lanka Education (ISLE) Program for a consortium of private liberal arts colleges, and in 1986 he became the first chair of Bowdoin's Asian Studies Program. ([https://www.bowdoin.edu/profiles/faculty/jholt/index.html Source Accessed Nov 29, 2023]) +
Hongzhi Zhengjue (Chinese: 宏智正覺; pinyin: ''Hóngzhì Zhēngjué''; Wade–Giles: ''Hung-chih Cheng-chueh'', Japanese: ''Wanshi Shōgaku''), also sometimes called Tiantong Zhengjue (Chinese: 天童正覺; pinyin: ''Tiāntóng Zhēngjué''; Japanese: ''Tendō Shōgaku'') (1091–1157), was an influential Chinese Chan Buddhist monk who authored or compiled several influential texts. Hongzhi's conception of silent illumination is of particular importance to the Chinese Caodong Chan and Japanese Sōtō Zen schools. Hongzhi was also the author of the Book of Equanimity, an important collection of kōans.
Life:<br>
According to the account given in Taigen Dan Leighton's ''Cultivating the Empty Field'', Hongzhi was born to a family named Li in Xizhou, present-day Shanxi province. He left home at the age of eleven to become a monk, studying under Caodong master Kumu Facheng (枯木法成), among others, including Yuanwu Keqin, author of the famous kōan collection, the ''Blue Cliff Record''.
In 1129, Hongzhi began teaching at the Jingde monastery on Mount Tiantong, where he remained for nearly thirty years, until shortly before his death in 1157, when he ventured down the mountain to bid farewell to his supporters.
Texts:<br>
The main text associated with Hongzhi is a collection of one hundred of his kōans called the ''Book of Equanimity'' (Chinese: 從容録; pinyin: ''Cóngróng Lù''; Japanese: 従容録; rōmaji: ''Shōyōroku''). This book was compiled after his death by Wansong Xingxiu (1166–1246) at the urging of the Khitan statesman Yelü Chucai (1190–1244), and first published in 1224, with commentaries by Wansong. This book is regarded as one of the key texts of the Caodong school of Zen Buddhism. A collection of Hongzhi's philosophical texts has also been translated by Leighton.
Hongzhi is often referred to as an exponent of Silent Illumination Chan (''Mokushō Zen'' (黙照禅) in Japanese).
Aside from his own teacher, Eihei Dōgen—the founder of the Sōtō school of Zen in Japan—quotes Hongzhi in his work more than any other Zen figure. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hongzhi_Zhengjue Source Accessed June 13, 2023])
Erik Hoogcarspel (1946) studied contemporary continental philosophy in Groningen, founded a Buddhist meditation center and studied Asian philosophies and religions. He taught Hinduism at Radboud University in Nijmegen.
During his work as a teacher and teacher he wrote textbooks for his students and columns. Among other things, he translated Nāgārjuna's ''Principles of the Philosophy of the Middle'' from Sanskrit and edited the anthology ''The Great Way to Light'', a selection from the literature of Mahayana Buddhism, and wrote ''The Buddha Phenomenon'' . . . . He practices meditation and Taijiquan. ([https://wijsheidsweb.nl/auteurs/erik-hoogcarspel/ Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2021]) +
Lama Shenpen Hookham is the founding Lama of the [https://buddhawithin.org.uk/about/ Awakened Heart Sangha] and principle teacher of the [https://ahs.org.uk/training Living the Awakened Heart training].
Lama Shenpen has trained for over 50 years in the Mahamudra & Dzogchen traditions of Tibetan Buddhism.
She has spent over 12 years in retreat and has been a student of Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche, one of the foremost living masters of the Kagyu tradition of Tibetan Buddhism, since the late 70s.
Lama Shenpen is fluent in Tibetan and has translated a number of Tibetan texts into English for her students. On Khenpo Rinpoche’s instructions she produced a seminal study of the profound Buddha Nature doctrines of Mahayana Buddhism, published as ''The Buddha Within'', and gained a doctorate in this from Oxford University. She is also the author of ''[https://www.windhorsepublications.com/product/theres-more-to-dying-than-death/ There’s More to Dying than Death]'', ''[https://buddhawithin.org.uk/autobiography/ Keeping the Dalai Lama Waiting and Other Stories]'', and ''[https://www.shambhala.com/the-guru-principle.html The Guru Principle]''.([https://ahs.org.uk/lama-shenpen Source Accessed July 21, 2020]) +
Jeffrey Hopkins is Professor Emeritus of Tibetan Buddhist Studies at the University of Virginia where he taught Tibetan Buddhist Studies and Tibetan language for thirty-two years from 1973. He received a B.A. magna cum laude from Harvard University in 1963, trained for five years at the Lamaist Buddhist Monastery of America in Freewood Acres, New Jersey, USA (now the Tibetan Buddhist Learning Center in Washington, New Jersey), and received a Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies from the University of Wisconsin in 1973.<br> For ten years, from 1979 to 1989, Hopkins served as His Holiness the Dalai Lama’s chief interpreter into English on lecture tours. At the University of Virginia, he founded the largest academic program in Tibetan and Buddhist studies in the West, and served as Director of the Center for South Asian Studies for twelve years. He has published forty-eight books, some of which have been translated into a total of twenty-two languages. He published the first translation of the foundational text of the Jo-nang school of Tibetan Buddhism in ''Mountain Doctrine: Tibet’s Fundamental Treatise on Other-Emptiness and the Buddha-Matrix''. He has translated and edited sixteen books from oral teachings by His Holiness the Dalai Lama, the last four being ''How to See Yourself as You Really Are''; ''Becoming Enlightened''; ''How to Be Compassionate''; and ''The Heart of Meditation: Discovering Innermost Awareness''.<br> He is the President and Founder of the UMA Institute for Tibetan Studies. ([https://uma-tibet.org/author-hopkins.html Source Accessed Jul 22, 2020])
Curriculum Vitae available for download [https://uma-tibet.org/bod/cv/hopkins_cv.pdf here] +
BIANCA HORLEMANN is a Sinologist with a strong interest in Tibet. Her publications mainly focus on Sino-Tibetan relations in the Amdo area of Tibet and concern the period between the 7th and 11th century, as well as more recent history from the 19th to 20th century. (''Contributions to the Cultural History of Early Tibet'', list of contributors) +
Isaline Blew Horner (30 March 1896 – 25 April 1981), usually cited as I. B. Horner, was an English Indologist, a leading scholar of Pali literature and late president of the Pali Text Society (1959–1981). On 30 March 1896 Horner was born in Walthamstow in Essex, England. Horner was a first cousin once removed of the British Theravada monk Ajahn Amaro. In 1917, at the University of Cambridge's women's college Newnham College, Horner was awarded the title of a B.A. in moral sciences. After her undergraduate studies, Horner remained at Newnham College, becoming in 1918 an assistant librarian and then, in 1920, acting librarian. In 1921, Horner traveled to Ceylon (Sri Lanka), India and Burma where she was first introduced to Buddhism, its literature and related languages. In 1923, Horner returned to England where she accepted a Fellowship at Newnham College and became its librarian. In 1928, she became the first Sarah Smithson Research Fellow in Pali Studies. In 1930, she published her first book, ''Women Under Primitive Buddhism''. In 1933, she edited her first volume of Pali text, the third volume of the ''Papancasudani'' (Majjhima Nikaya commentary). In 1934, Horner was awarded the title of an M.A. from Cambridge. From 1939 to 1949, she served on Cambridge's Governing Body. From 1926 to 1959, Horner lived and traveled with her companion "Elsie," Dr. Eliza Marian Butler (1885–1959). ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaline_Blew_Horner Source Accessed Apr 22, 2020]) +
Sarah J. Horton received her Ph.D. in Religious Studies from Yale University. She is a scholar of East Asian religions and Japanese culture. She is the author of ''Living Buddhist Statues in Medieval and Modern Japan'' (Palgrave MacMillan 2007) +
Mei Hsiao received her PhD in Religious Studies from the University of Calgary in 2008. She is an Assistant Professor at China Medical University Center for General Education in Taiwan. She specializes in Mahāyāna Buddhism and Chinese Philosophy. +
Hsuan Hua (Chinese: 宣化; pinyin: Xuānhuà; lit. 'proclaim and transform'; April 16, 1918 – June 7, 1995), also known as An Tzu, Tu Lun and Master Hua by his Western disciples, was a Chinese monk of Chan Buddhism and a contributing figure in bringing Chinese Buddhism to the United States in the late 20th century.
Hsuan Hua founded several institutions in the US. The Dharma Realm Buddhist Association[1] (DRBA) is a Buddhist organization with chapters in North America, Australia and Asia. The City of Ten Thousand Buddhas (CTTB) in Ukiah, California, is one of the first Chan Buddhist monasteries in America. Venerable Master Hsuan Hua founded Dharma Realm Buddhist University at CTTB. The Buddhist Text Translation Society works on the phonetics and translation of Buddhist scriptures from Chinese into English, Vietnamese, Spanish, and many other languages. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hsuan_Hua Source Accessed June 3, 2021]) +
Chi-chiang Huang, professor of Chinese studies at Hobart and William Smith Colleges, is one of the preeminent specialists on Buddhism during the Sung Dynasty. His publications include ''Studies in Northern Sung Buddhism'' (in Chinese) as well as numerous articles in English on Sung society and Buddhism. (Source: Robert E. Buswell Jr., "About the Contributors", in ''Currents and Countercurrents: Korean Influences on the East Asian Buddhist Traditions'', University of Hawai'i Press, 2005, 277) +
Jamie Hubbard graduated from the University of Wisconsin-Madison with a doctorate in Buddhist studies and has been teaching at Smith College since 1985.
Hubbard is the author of books, articles and films on Buddhism in East Asia, including ''Pruning the Bodhi Tree'' (with Paul Swanson), "Absolute Delusion, Perfect Buddhahood," and the film ''The Yamaguchi Story: Buddhism and the Family in Japan''. He also has extensive interests in the use of technology in Buddhist studies and has worked on numerous projects in the area of archiving Buddhist texts and digital publication, and more recently in the field of neuroscience and emerging technologies of awareness: Cyborg Buddha! ([https://www.smith.edu/academics/faculty/jamie-hubbard Source Accessed June 13, 2019]) +
Édouard Huber, actually Eduard Huber (born August 12, 1879 in Grosswangen, Switzerland; † January 6, 1914 in Vĩnh Long, Vietnam), was a Swiss language scholar, archaeologist, sinologist and Indochina researcher. He was a professor of Indochinese philology and temporarily taught at the Sorbonne in Paris. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edouard_Huber Source Accessed Apr 28, 2021]) +
Toni Huber has been Professor of Tibetan Studies at the Humboldt University in Berlin, Germany, since 2003. His research interests and published oeuvre focus on ethnography and cultural history of Tibetan Plateau and eastern Himalayan highland societies, environment and society, ritual and religion, and nomadic pastoralism. His major monographs include ''Source of Life. Revitalisation Rites and Bon Shamans in Bhutan and the Eastern Himalayas'' (Vienna, In Press), ''The Holy Land Reborn. Pilgrimage and the Tibetan Reinvention of Buddhist India'' (Chicago, 2008), and ''The Cult of Pure Crystal Mountain. Popular Pilgrimage & Visionary Landscape in Southeast Tibet'' (New York & Oxford, 1999). ([https://buddhiststudies.berkeley.edu/news/2019-khyentse-lecture-toni-huber-humboldt-university-berlin-recently-discovered-ancient-tibetan Source Accessed Nov 21, 2023]) +
Yeo Puay Huei is the director of Kasih Hospice and founding member of Losang Dragpa Buddhist Society (an affiliate of FPMT) in Malaysia. She is a long-time student of Lama Zopa Rinpoche and has edited a number of Dharma books both for Lama Thubten Zopa and Geshe Tenzin Zopa. +
Rebecca Hufen has been involved with Buddhism since her childhood and with yoga for over 15 years. She studied Tibetology, classical Indology and comparative religions sciences at the University of Hamburg as well as at the College for Higher Tibetan Studies in Sarah, India. After completing her studies with the Magister Artium she taught for four years as a Tibetan lecturer at the University of Hamburg. She also taught several Tibetan Intensive Courses at the Institut Tibétain Yeuntenling in Belgium and supported the team of the "Khyentse Center for Tibetan Buddhist Textual Scholarship" at workshops in India and Bhutan. She is a translator in the international 84,000 project and, after a three-year apprenticeship, became a certified and state-approved yoga teacher (AYA). ([https://en.aryatara.net/teacher Source Accessed June 10, 2021]) +
Pascale Hugon studied Indology and Tibetology at the University of Lausanne (Switzerland). Her primary focus of research is the philosophical literature of Buddhism, in particular epistemology and Madhyamaka. She studies its transmission to Tibet, Tibetan interpretations, and indigenous elaborations. Following the fortunate recovery of significant texts by authors of the bKa’ gdams pa school, her current research is examining the development of Tibetan scholasticism in the 11th–13th c. Her publications include editions, translations and thematic studies based on Sanskrit and Tibetan materials.
Hugon is the head of the FWF project "Buddhist narratives and 'Tibetan' ethnogenesis" (2021–2025) and she is the Principal Investigator of the ERC-funded project "The dawn of Tibetan Buddhist scholasticism (11th–13th c.)" (TibSchol, CoG 101001002) (2021–2026).
:([https://www.oeaw.ac.at/en/ikga/team/research/hugon-pascale/ Source Accessed Jan 26, 2023])
[https://www.oeaw.ac.at/fileadmin/Institute/IKGA/PDF/team/CV_Hugon_2021.pdf CV]
[https://www.oeaw.ac.at/fileadmin/Institute/IKGA/PDF/team/Publications_Hugon_2021.pdf Publications] +
Wumen Huikai. (J. Mumon Ekai; K. Mumun Hyegae 無門慧開) (1183-1260). In Chinese, "Gateless, Opening of Wisdom"; Chan master in the Linji zong; author of the eponymous ''Wumen guan'' ("Gateless Checkpoint"), one of the two most important collections of Chan gong'an (J. kōan; K. kongan). A native of Hangzhou prefecture in present-day Zhejiang province, Huikai was ordained by the monk "One Finger" Tianlong (d.u.), who also hailed from Hangzhou (see also Yizhi Chan). Wumen later went to the monastery of Wanshousi in Jiangsu province to study with Yuelin Shiguan (1143-1217), from whom Huikai received the ''wu gong'an'' of Zhao zhou Congshen; Huikai is said to have struggled with this gong’an for six years. In 1218, Huikai traveled to Baoyinsi on Mt. Anji, where he succeeded Yuelin as abbot. He subsequently served as abbot at such monasteries as Tianningsi, Pujisi, Kaiyuansi, and Baoningsi. In 1246, Huikai was appointed as abbot of Huguo Renwangsi in Hangzhou prefecture, and it is here that the Japanese Zen monk Shinichi Kakushin studied under him. Emperor Lizong (r. 1224–1264) invited Huikai to provide a
sermon at the Pavilion of Mysterious Virtue in the imperial palace and also to pray for rain. In honor of his achievements, the emperor bestowed upon him a golden robe and the title Chan master Foyan (Dharma Eye). (Source: "Wumen Huikai." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 1002. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
Dajian Huineng (traditional Chinese: 大鑒惠能; pinyin: Dàjiàn Huìnéng; Wade–Giles: Ta-chien; Japanese: Daikan Enō; Korean: Hyeneung); (February 27, 638 – August 28, 713), also commonly known as the Sixth Patriarch or Sixth Ancestor of Chan (traditional Chinese: 禪宗六祖), is a semi-legendary but central figure in the early history of Chinese Chan Buddhism. According to tradition he was an uneducated layman who suddenly attained awakening upon hearing the ''Diamond Sutra''. Despite his lack of formal training, he demonstrated his understanding to the fifth patriarch, Daman Hongren, who then supposedly chose Huineng as his true successor instead of his publicly known selection of Yuquan Shenxiu.
Twentieth century scholarship revealed that the story of Huineng's Buddhist career was likely invented by the monk Heze Shenhui, who claimed to be one of Huineng's disciples and was highly critical of Shenxiu's teaching.
Huineng is regarded as the founder of the "Sudden Enlightenment" Southern Chan school of Buddhism, which focuses on an immediate and direct attainment of Buddhist enlightenment. ''The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch'' (六祖壇經), which is said to be a record of his teachings, is a highly influential text in the East Asian Buddhist tradition. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huineng Source Accessed July 14, 2021]) +
Michel Hulin is professor emeritus at the University of Paris-Sorbonne, where he held the chair of philosophy from 1981 to 1998. Within the framework of Indian philosophy, he is more particularly a specialist in Advaita Vedanta. ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Hulin Source Accessed Feb 18, 2021]) +
[C. W. "Sandy"] Huntington was known foremost for his work in Mahayana Buddhist thought, in particular the Madhyamaka philosophy of India and Tibet. More recently, he published a novel, Maya (Wisdom Publications 2015), set in India in the 1970s, and wrote an article, “The Triumph of Narcissism: Theravāda Buddhist Meditation in the Marketplace,” critiquing certain psychotherapeutic models of teaching and understanding vipassanā meditation found in the West today.*
Until his death, Huntington served as a professor of religious studies at Hartwick College, in Oneonta, New York, where he won both the Margaret L. Bunn Award for Excellence in Teaching (2004) and the Teacher/Scholar Award (2019). Before teaching at Hartwick, Huntington worked at the University of Michigan, his alma mater, as well as Denison College and Antioch University’s Buddhist Studies in India program, based in Bodh Gaya.
As a doctoral student, Huntington was guided at the University of Michigan by Luis Gómez, himself a beloved and prolific scholar of Indian Buddhist thought. During this time, Huntington traveled to India to study Sanskrit and Tibetan with the great masters of the day, returning many times over his career. On one such visit, he translated Candrakīrti’s Madhyamakāvatāra with Geshé Namgyal Wangchen, later published as The Emptiness of Emptiness (Hawaii University Press 1989), a pioneering text in Buddhist philosophy. Huntington went on to work closely with fellow scholars on topics of hermeneutics and methodology in the study of Buddhist philosophy, asking scholars to look not only at what the texts mean, but what presuppositions and attitudes were influencing their own interpretations and understandings. ([https://www.buddhistdoor.net/news/buddhist-scholar-cw-sandy-huntington-dies-aged-71 Source Accessed May 26, 2021]) +
Eric Huntington is currently a fellow at the Chao Center for Asian Studies at Rice University and previously held a postdoctoral fellow in the Ho Center for Buddhist Studies at Stanford University. He is the author of Creating the Universe: Depictions of the Cosmos in Himalayan Buddhism (University of Washington, 2018), which exposes the complex cosmological thinking behind many different examples of Buddhist literature, ritual, art, and architecture. His current research investigates new approaches to Buddhist visual and material cultures. He has also published articles on the role of illustrations in ritual manuscripts and visual, spatial, and temporal understandings of tantric mandalas. Prior to joining Stanford, he served as a Cotsen Postdoctoral Fellow in the Society of Fellows at Princeton University and received his PhD from the University of Chicago. (Source: [https://erichuntington.org/ Personal Website]) +
John C. Huntington dedicated the past 45 years to the study of Buddhist art in all of its forms. His primary interests are the communication values of the various art forms, how the arts set the environment of attainment for the practitioner, and the practice methodologies that involve art as part of rituals and the like. He has taught at the Ohio State University since fall of 1970 and during his time there has helped build a flourishing program in Asian art history.
John Huntington is also both the principal photographer for and the Co-founding Director (with Susan L. Huntington) of the Huntington Photographic Archive of Buddhist and Asian Art at the Ohio State University. The archive has made available nearly two hundred thousand photographs and other resources to scholars and the interested public of Buddhist art from many areas of Asia. ([https://huntingtonarchive.org/about.php Source: Huntington Archive])
A List of Publications can be found here: https://huntingtonarchive.org/resources/JCHPublications.php +
Scott Hurley is an Assistant Professor in Religion at Luther College in Decorah, Iowa. His research interests include new religions of China and Japan, early-mid twentieth century Chinese Buddhism, animal rights, and welfare issues.
He currently teaches "Living Religions," "Religions of East Asia," and a course entitled "Enduring Questions." ([https://www.luther.edu/religion/faculty/ Source Accessed July 22, 2020])
[https://www.luther.edu/hurlsc01/assets/ScottHurleyCV.pdf CV and List of Publications] +
Leon Hurvitz (1923-1992) was professor in the Department of Asian Studies, University of British Columbia. He spent time as a translator and interpreter and later studied in Japan during the occupation, specializing in early Chinese Buddhism. (Source: [http://cup.columbia.edu/book/scripture-of-the-lotus-blossom-of-the-fine-dharma/9780231148955 Columbia University Press]) +
Kenneth Hutton is Academic Collaborations Manager/Philosophy Subject Specialist at University of Glasgow. +
I
Rainier Ibana teaches Ethics, Environmental Ethics, Social Philosophy and Philosophy of Education at Ateneo de Manila University. He chairs COMEST’s Environmental Ethics Committee and served as Coordinator for the Asia-Pacific Section of UNESCO’s South-south Philosophical Dialogue. He is also President of the Asia-Pacific Philosophy Education Network for Democracy and Vice President of the Philosophy with Children and Youth Network for Asia-Pacific. ([https://transformationstosustainability.org/people/dr-rainier-ibana/ Source Accessed June 1, 2023]) +
Mujū lchien. (無住一円) (1227-1312). A Japanese monk during the Kamakura period; also known as Mujū Dōgyō. He was born into a warrior family and became a monk at the age of eighteen. Mujū studied the doctrines of various sects, including the Hossōshū, Shingonshū, Tendaishū, and Jōdoshū, and received Zen training from the Rinzaishū monk Enni Ben'en (1202-1280). In 1262, Mujū built Chōboji (Matriarchal Longevity Monastery) in Owari (present-day Nagoya, a port city in the center of the main Japanese island of Honshū), where he spent the rest of his life. Although affiliated with the Rinzaishū, Mujū took an ecumenical approach to Buddhism, arguing that all the different teachings of Buddhism were skillful means of conveying the religion's ultimate goal; he even denounced Nichiren (1222-1382) for his contemporary's exclusivist attitude toward his own eponymous sect. Mujū was also famous for his collections of Japanese folklore, such as the ''Shasekishū'' ("Sand and Pebbles Collection"), written between 1279 and 1283; his ''Tsuma kagami'' ("Mirror for Wives") of 1300; and his 1305 ''Zōdanshū'' ("Collection of Random Conversations"). In particular, in the ''Shasekishū'', Mujū introduced the idea of the "unity of spirits and buddhas" (shinbutsu shūgō) , describing the Japanese indigenous gods, or Kami, as various manifestations of the Buddha. (Source: "Mujū lchien." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 552. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
Yoshiro Imaeda (Japanese: 今枝 由郎, Hepburn: Imaeda Yoshirō, born 1947) is a Japanese-born Tibetologist who has spent his career in France. He is director of research emeritus at the National Center for Scientific Research in France.
Born in Aichi Prefecture, Imaeda graduated from the Otani University Faculty of Letters, where he studied with Shoju Inaba, under whose advice he pursued graduate studies in France, where he earned his Ph.D. at Paris VII. He began work at the CNRS[clarification needed] in 1974. Between 1981 and 1990, he worked as an adviser to the National Library of Bhutan Bhutan. In 1995, he was a visiting professor at the University of California, Berkeley, and has also held a visiting appointment at Columbia University.
His research has focused on Dunhuang Tibetan documents, but he has also translated the poems of the VI Dalai lama, and produced a catalog of Kanjur texts. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshiro_Imaeda Source Accessed Feb 2, 2024]) +
Matthew Immergut is currently an Assistant Professor of Sociology at Purchase College, SUNY. His primary field is the sociology of religion, with a focus on charismatic authority. He is currently working on a paper examining why, in the face of disconfirming evidence, people continue to believe in charismatic leaders. In addition, he is currently working on a meditation book, a documentary about three-year silent retreat, as well as investigating the effects of meditation in the context of the college classroom.
Source[http://wamc.org/post/dr-matthew-immergut-purchase-college-what-charisma#stream/0] +
Daniel Henry Holmes Ingalls, Sr., was Wales Professor of Sanskrit, Emeritus, at Harvard University. source: ([https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674039506&content=bios Harvard University Press]) +
Katsuhito Inoue is a Professor at Kansai University in the Faculty of Letters, Department of Humanities. He is the author of numerous articles on Japanese philosophy and Confucian thought. +
Hitoshi Inui is a professor at Koyasan University in the Department of Esoteric Buddhism. His main areas of specialization are Chinese, Indian, and Buddhist Philosophy and Esoteric Buddhism. He is the author of numerous articles on these topics. For a list of publications, visit Hitoshi Inui's page at [https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=200901092696376140&e=publication/misc J-Global] +
Born in Kuma, Japan, in 1965, Harunaga Isaacson studied philosophy and Indology at the University of Groningen (MA 1990), and was awarded a PhD in Sanskrit by the University of Leiden (1995).
After holding teaching positions at Hamburg University and the University of Pennsylvania, he was appointed Professor of Classical Indology in the Department of Indian and Tibetan Studies, Asien-Afrika-Institut, Hamburg University, in April 2006.
His main research areas are: tantric traditions in pre-13th century South Asia, especially Vajrayāna Buddhism; classical Sanskrit poetry; classical Indian philosophy; and Purāṇic literature.
He received major honours, including in 2015 the Ratnākara Grant of the Khyentse Foundation (a newly initiated grant aimed at supporting the academic development of Buddhist Studies in Thailand); in 2011 elected ordentliches Mitglied (full member) of the Akademie der Wissenschaften in Hamburg; in 2010 elected member of the Istituto Italiano per l’Africa e l’Oriente (IsIAO), Rome, Italy.
Prof. Isaacson is a member of the Board of Advisors of the International PhD Programme in Buddhist Studies, Mahidol University; member of the Editorial Advisory Board of Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism; Chief Editor, together with Dramdul and Helmut Krasser, of Sanskrit Texts from the Tibetan Autonomous Region; external consultant of the AHRC funded project “The intellectual and religious traditions of South Asia as seen through the Sanskrit manuscript collections of the University Library, Cambridge”, 2011–2014; member of the Vorstand (Board of Directors) of the Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures = Sonderforschungsbereich 950, Manuskriptkulturen in Asien, Afrika und Europa, July 2011–June 2015; Chief Editor, together with Prof. Michael Friedrich and Prof. Jörg Quenzer, of the Encyclopedia of Manuscript Cultures in Asia and Africa (forthcoming from de Gruyter); Editor, together with Prof. Michael Friedrich and Prof. Jörg Quenzer, of Studies in Manuscript Cultures (published by de Gruyter; first volume released in 2011, three volumes released to date); Co-Editor, with Prof. Francesco Sferra, of Manuscripta Buddhica, a new subseries of the Serie Orientale Roma (first volume appeared in 2009); Editor of the Publications of the Nepal Research Centre; Director of the Nepal Research Centre, 2006–2014; General Director of the Nepalese-German Manuscript Cataloguing Project (longterm project funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), 2006–2014; Contributor to the Tāntrikābhidhānakośa, ‘A Hindu Tantric Dictionary’, a project of the Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (Wien); Member of the Editorial Board of the Groningen Oriental Studies; Member of the Advisory Board of Indo-Iranian Journal; Reader for Princeton University Press, the Journal of the American Oriental Society, the Journal of Indian Philosophy, the Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies/Indogaku Bukkyōgaku Kenkyū, the Verlag der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, and others; President of the Oriental Club of Philadelphia, 2003‒2004. ([https://www.tantric-studies.uni-hamburg.de/en/people/isaacson.html Source Accessed July 11, 2023])
Ian Ives grew up in the US and has been a student of Sogyal Rinpoche since he was a teenager. He studied at the Rigpa Shedra East in Pharping, Nepal under the guidance of Khenchen Namdrol from 2007 to 2012, and before that at Rigpa Shedra West, from 2003 to 2006.
He attended the seven-month teaching periods of Rigpa’s 2006–2009 Three Year Retreat, and served as a teaching assistant to Rinpoche from 2007 to 2017; travelling with him extensively from 2012 onward. Since this time, and with the encouragement of Rinpoche, he has been guiding study sessions and teaching on topics connected to the foundational and Mahayana levels.
Ian helps design and guide Rigpa’s international study programme and the programme for Lerab Ling, Rigpa’s retreat centre in southern France. He has a family with two young children and lives near Lerab Ling. ([https://www.rigpa.org/rigpa-teachers Source Accessed June 28, 2023]) +
Nobumi Iyanaga [彌永信美] is an independent scholar based in Tokyo. He was a collaborator of the Hōbōgirin 法寶義林, French dictionary of Buddhist terms based on Chinese and Japanese sources. His area of interest is in the mythology of Buddhist deities. He has published articles on Daijizaiten (Maheśvara), Daikokuten (Mahākāla) and Dakiniten (ḍākinī) (in French), and in 2002, the book entitled 大黒天変相 - 仏経神話学 I [Variations on the theme of Mahākāla - Buddhist Mythology, I], and another book 觀音変容譚 - 仏経神話学 II [Metamorphisis of the Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara - Buddhist Mythology, II]. He has contributed entries to the DDB related to deities and the texts that deal with deities. [12/16/2002] ([http://www.buddhism-dict.net/credits/iyanaga.html Source Accessed Sep 1, 2021]) +
J
Lama Jabb was born and brought up in a nomadic community in Northeastern Tibet and received formal education in Tibet, India and the UK. In 2013 he completed his DPhil on Modern Tibetan Literature and the Inescapable Nation at the University of Oxford.
He is fascinated by the ways in which both the past and living traditions shape contemporary Tibet. He explores the intertextual nature of Tibetan literature by, among other things, examining the complex interplay between the Tibetan literary text and oral traditions. He also has a keen interest in the theory and practice of translation and produces his own original translations.
Currently he is studying the unexplored genre of Tibetan bird stories within its broader cultural framework focusing particularly on a volume called ''The Treasury of Intellect: Narrating the Worldly tale of the Winged Ones'', that fuses Tibetan oral and literary arts.
Junior Research Fellow in Tibetan and Himalayan Studies, Wolfson College
([https://www.wolfson.ox.ac.uk/lama-jabb Source])
'''Publications:'''<br>
*2015 “Tibet’s Critical Tradition and Modern Tibetan Literature”. In Jim Rheingans (ed), Tibetan Literary Genres, Texts, and Text Types: from Genre Classification to Transformation. (PIATS 12), Leiden, Boston: Bill, pp. 231-269.
*2015 “A Poem-song on the Perfect Tibetan Physician”. In C. Ramble and U. Roesler (eds), Tibetan & Himalayan Healing: An Anthology for Anthony Aris. Kathmandu: Vajra Books, pp. 417-433.
*2014 “The Hungry Bandit: The Ballad of Yidak Kela”. In The Tibet Journal, Vol. XXXIX, No.1, pp. 95-120.
*2012 “Agir et s’exprimer au travers de la poésie tibétaine modern”. In Monde Chinois, nouvelle Asie, No 31, pp. 78-86.
*2012 “Singing the Nation: Modern Tibetan Music and National Identity”. In Tim Myatt et al (eds), Revisiting Tibetan Culture and History. Dharamsala: Amnye Machen Institute, pp. 1-29. This essay was first published online in Revue d’Etudes Tibetaines, No. 21 (Oct 2011), pp. 1-29.
*2011 “The Consciousness of the past in the creativity of the present: Modern Tibetan Literature and Social Change”. In International Journal of Asian Studies, No 8, 1, pp. 89-95.
<br>
'''Books:'''
*2015 Oral and Literary Continuities in Modern Tibetan Literature: The Inescapable Nation. New York: Lexington Books.
*2009 Studies in the History of Eastern Tibet. Edited with Wim Van Spengen.
Anthony Abraham Jack (Ph.D., Harvard University, 2016) is a junior fellow at the Harvard Society of Fellows and an assistant professor of Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. He holds the Shutzer Assistant Professorship at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.
His research documents the overlooked diversity among lower-income undergraduates: the ''Doubly Disadvantaged'' — those who enter college from local, typically distressed public high schools — and ''Privileged Poor'' — those who do so from boarding, day, and preparatory high schools. His scholarship appears in the ''Common Reader'', ''Du Bois Review'', ''Sociological Forum'', and ''Sociology of Education'' and has earned awards from the American Educational Studies Association, American Sociological Association, Association for the Study of Higher Education, Eastern Sociological Society, and the Society for the Study of Social Problems. Jack held fellowships from the Ford Foundation and the National Science Foundation and was a National Academy of Education/Spencer Foundation Dissertation Fellow. The National Center for Institutional Diversity at the University of Michigan named him an Emerging Diversity Scholar. In May 2020, Muhlenberg College will award him an honorary doctorate for his work in transforming higher education.
The ''New York Times'', ''Boston Globe'', ''The Atlantic'', ''The New Yorker'', ''The Chronicle of Higher Education'', ''The Huffington Post'', ''The Nation'', ''American Conservative Magazine'', ''The National Review'', ''Commentary Magazine'', ''The Washington Post'', ''Financial Times'', ''Times Higher Education'', ''Vice'', ''Vox'', and ''NPR'' have featured his research and writing as well as biographical profiles of his experiences as a first-generation college student. ''The Privileged Poor: How Elite Colleges Are Failing Disadvantaged Students'' is his first book. ([https://www.gse.harvard.edu/faculty/anthony-jack Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021]) +
David P. Jackson received his doctorate in 1985 from the University of Washington and studied and translated for many years in Seattle for the polymath Tibetan scholar Dezhung Rinpoche. Until 2007, he was a professor of Tibetan Studies at Hamburg University in Germany and is now a curator for the Rubin Museum of Art in New York. He is the author of numerous articles and books on Tibetan art, literature, and history, including ''A Saint in Seattle'', ''Tibetan Thangka Painting'', ''The Mollas of Mustang'', and ''Enlightenment by a Single Means''. He lives in Washington State. ([http://www.wisdompubs.org/author/david-p-jackson Source Accessed Oct 19, 2019]) +
Roger Jackson is John W. Nason Professor of Asian Studies and Religion, Emeritus, at Carleton College. He also has taught at the University of Michigan, Fairfield University, McGill University, and Maitripa College. He has a BA from Wesleyan University and an MA and PhD from the University of Wisconsin, where he studied under Geshe Lhundub Sopa. His books include ''Is Enlightenment Possible?'' (1993), ''Tibetan Literature'' (with José Cabezón, 1996), ''Buddhist Theology'' (with John Makransky, 1999), ''Tantric Treasures'' (2004), ''The Crystal Mirror of Philosophical Systems'' (with Geshe Sopa et al., 2009), and ''Mahāmudrā and the Bka’ brgyud Tradition'' (with Matthew Kapstein, 2011). He is a past editor of the ''Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies'', and currently co-edits the ''Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies''. He recently completed a major study and anthology centered on Mahāmudrā theory and practice in the Geluk tradition: [https://wisdomexperience.org/product/mind-seeing-mind/ ''Mind Seeing Mind'']. ([http://conference-wp.tsadra.org/past-event/the-2017-tt-conference/ Source Accessed Dec 6, 2019])
Roger Jackson's [https://apps.carleton.edu/profiles/assets/rjackson_cv.pdf CV]
Roger Jackson, John W. Nason Professor of Asian Studies and Religion, Emeritus, recently published an article-length memoir of his career as a scholar of Buddhism, “[https://networks.h-net.org/node/6060/pages/6031574/jackson-roger-r Playing Both Ends Against the Middle: Buddhadharma, Buddhist Studies, and Me],” on the Buddhist studies website H-Buddhism. +
Hermann Georg Jacobi (11 February 1850 – 19 October 1937) was an eminent German Indologist.
Jacobi was born in Köln (Cologne) on 11 February 1850. He was educated in the gymnasium of Cologne and then went to the University of Berlin, where initially he studied mathematics, but later, probably under the influence of Albrecht Weber, switched to Sanskrit and comparative linguistics, which he studied under Weber and Johann Gildemeister. He obtained his doctorate from the University of Bonn. The subject of his thesis, written in 1872, was the origin of the term "hora" in Indian astrology.
Jacobi was able to visit London for a year, 1872–1873, where he examined the Indian manuscripts available there. The next year, with Georg Buehler, he visited Rajasthan, India, where manuscripts were being collected. At Jaisalmer Library, he came across Jain Manuscripts, which were of abiding interest to him for the rest of his life. He later edited and translated many of them, both into German and English, including those for Max Mueller's Sacred Books of the East.
In 1875, he became a docent in Sanskrit at Bonn; from 1876-85 was professor extraordinarius of Sanskrit and Comparative Philology at Münster, Westphalia; in 1885 was made professor ordinarius of Sanskrit at Kiel; and in 1889 was appointed professor of Sanskrit at Bonn. He served as professor in Bonn until his retirement in 1922. After his retirement, Jacobi remained active, lecturing and writing till his death in 1937. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Jacobi Source Accessed Aug 21, 2023]) +
Assistant Professor of Religion
Department of Religious Studies
Office: Crowe Hall, 1860 Campus Drive, 4-149
Evanston, IL 60208
Office Hours: Wednesday 1:20 p.m. - 3:20 p.m. (Winter 2015)
Sarah Jacoby studies South Asian Religions with a specialization in Tibetan Buddhism. She received her B.A. from Yale University, majoring in women's studies, and her M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Virginia's Department of Religious Studies. She joined Northwestern University in 2009 after completing a postdoctoral fellowship at the Society of Fellows in the Humanities at Columbia University. Her research interests include Indo-Tibetan Buddhist doctrine and ritual in practice, studies in gender and sexuality, Tibetan literature, autobiography studies, Buddhist revelation, Buddhism in contemporary Tibet, and Eastern Tibetan area studies. She is the co-chair of the Tibetan and Himalayan Religions Group at the American Academy of Religion.
Professor Jacoby received an American Council of Learned Sciences (ACLS) Fellowship for the 2012-2013 academic year. Her research has also been funded by The Shelley & Donald Rubin Foundation, the Charlotte W. Newcombe Dissertation Writing Fellowship, the Fulbright Hays Dissertation Research Fellowship, and multiple Foreign Language and Area Studies Fellowships (FLAS).
She has recently published a monograph titled Love and Liberation: Autobiographical Writings of the Tibetan Buddhist Visionary Sera Khandro (Columbia University Press, 2014). This is the first study in any language of the autobiographical and biographical writings of one of the most prolific female authors in Tibetan history, Sera Khandro Künzang Dekyong Chönyi Wangmo (also called Dewé Dorjé, 1892--1940). She was extraordinary not only for achieving religious mastery as a Tibetan Buddhist visionary and guru to many lamas, monastics, and laity in the Golok region of eastern Tibet, but also for her candor. This book listens to Sera Khandro's conversations with land deities, dakinis, bodhisattvas, lamas, and fellow religious community members whose voices interweave with her own to narrate what is a story of both love between Sera Khandro and her guru, Drimé Özer, and spiritual liberation.
Her other books include a co-edited volume with Antonio Terrone entitled Buddhism Beyond the Monastery: Tantric Practices and their Performers in Tibet and the Himalayas (Brill, 2009) and a book she co-authored with Donald Mitchell titled Buddhism: Introducing the Buddhist Experience (Oxford University Press, 2014).
In 2014 Professor Jacoby was awarded a Searle Center for Advanced Learning and Teaching Innovation in Teaching Grant. In 2012 she was voted by Northwestern students onto the ASG Faculty Honor Roll and awarded a teaching excellence award from the Department of Religious Studies. Courses she teaches include Introduction to Buddhism, Buddhism and Gender, Buddhist Auto/biography, Tibetan Religion and Culture, Theory and Methods in the Study of Religion, South Asian Goddess Traditions, and Religion, Sexuality, and Celibacy.
François Jacquemart : '''This is the given name of [[Tcheuky Sèngué]]. See that page for more information.''' +
Padmanabh Shrivarma Jaini (October 23, 1923 - May 25, 2021) was an Indian born scholar of Jainism and Buddhism, living in Berkeley, California, United States. He was from a Digambar Jain family; however he was equally familiar with both the Digambara and Svetambara forms of Jainism. He has taught at the Banaras Hindu University, the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, and at the University of California at Berkeley, from which he retired in 1994. Jaini was the author of several books and papers. His best known work is ''The Jaina Path of Purification'' (1979). Some of his major articles have been published under these titles: "The Collected Papers on Jaina Studies" (2000) and "Collected Papers on Buddhist Studies" (2001). He died on 25 May 2021 at Berkeley at age 97. +
Simon Paul James came to philosophy by a roundabout route, taking a BSc in Biological Sciences, followed by an MA in the History and Philosophy of Science, before obtaining a PhD for a thesis on environmental ethics in 2001. He is currently an Associate Professor (Reader) in the Department of Philosophy at Durham University in England.
His work engages with a wide range of issues in environmental philosophy, from Buddhist approaches to wildlife conservation to our moral relations with rock formations, and from the (so-called) problem of animal minds to the virtue ethical question of whether a good life must be a green life. ([https://www.dur.ac.uk/directory/profile/?id=2390 Adapted from Source May 18, 2021]) +
Craig Jamieson is Keeper of Sanskrit Manuscripts at the University of Cambridge. Before Cambridge he taught Buddhism in the Study of Religion Department at the University of Leicester. His best-known works are ''Perfection of Wisdom'', which has a preface by the Dalai Lama, and ''Nagarjuna's Verses''. A facsimile edition of the Lotus Sutra made available in print two Cambridge palm leaf manuscripts from around one thousand years ago, Add. 1682 and Add. 1683. A major exhibition took place in 2014 entitled Buddha's Word: The Life of Books in Tibet and Beyond. A short video of the Perfection of Wisdom manuscript came out in 2017. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craig_Jamieson Adapted from Source Mar 10, 2021]) +
Stephanie Wroth Jamison (born July 17, 1948) is an American linguist, currently at University of California, Los Angeles and an Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. She did her doctoral work at Yale University as a student of Stanley Insler, and is trained as a historical linguist and Indo-Europeanist. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephanie_W._Jamison Source Acessed Mar 11, 2021]) +
Dr. Lozang Jamspal received an Acharya degree in Sanskrit, Hindi, and Buddhist and Indian philosophy at Sanskrit University, Benares. At the university, he served as a librarian and Tibetan language instructor, and helped to establish the Central Institute of Tibetan Studies where he later worked as lecturer. He also worked as a lecturer of Sanskrit and classical Tibetan language at the University of Delhi. After moving to the U.S. in 1974, he taught at the Bslab gsum bshad grub gling in New Jersey. In 1991, he earned his Ph.D. from Columbia University, where he taught classical Tibetan. Currently he is a regular professor at the International Buddhist College. ([http://ibc.ac.th/en/community/prof-dr-lozang-jamspal Source Accessed April 30, 2020]) +
Yūn-hua Jan was Professor of Religion in the Department of Religious Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton. He received a Canada Council Fellowship (1973-74) and has lectured in Chinese Studies at Visva-Bharati University, India. He has been a visiting researcher at the Institute of Oriental Culture, University of Tokyo (1974). He was the author of ''A Chronicle of Buddhism in China 581-906 A.D.'' (1967) and ''The Autobiography of Ch'i Pai-shih''. He has contributed many articles written in Chinese and English to various journals. He received his Ph.D. from the Visva-Bharati University, India. (Source: Adapted from [https://www.wlupress.wlu.ca/content/search?search_in%5B%5D=all&SearchText=the+bodhisattva+doctrine+in+buddhism ''The Bodhisattva Doctrine in Buddhism''], Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press, 1981) +
Klaus Ludwig Janert (Wittenberg 9.3.1922 — 10.12.1994) was a German Indologist and Professor in Cologne. He studied Indology, Tamil, IE and Slavic linguistics at Halle (under Thieme) and Göttingen, where [he earned his] Ph.D. [in] 1954. He worked in Göttingen University Library. He retired in 1987. He was a demanding teacher and critic. Married twice, with Imogen Mutschmann and Ilse Pliester.
The main field of Janert was clearly the study of manuscripts, while a further interest was the Aśoka inscriptions, also history of Indology, Tamil, and Nakhi. Among his students was U. Niklas. ([https://whowaswho-indology.info/2784/janert-klaus-ludwig/ Adapted from Source Jan 15, 2024]) +
Joanna Janiszewska-Rain is a freelance translator, interpreter, and editor living in the Krakow metropolitan area. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/joanna-janiszewska-rain-5478a9101/?originalSubdomain=pl Source Accessed Mar 18, 2021]) +
Katie Javanaud is a visiting lecturer and researcher at the Department of Religion [Princeton], affiliated with the University Centre for Human Values. Katie’s research focuses on cross-cultural philosophy and religion and her areas of specialism include Buddhism and Jainism. She recently completed her D.Phil at the University of Oxford where, for her doctoral dissertation, she addressed the free will problem using Madhyamaka Buddhist conceptual resources. Katie is also interested in areas of applied ethics, especially in environmental ethics and animal rights. Her publications appear in ''The Journal of Buddhist Ethics'', ''The Journal of Indian Philosophy'', ''The Journal of Animal Ethics'' and ''Aeon'' magazine. ([https://religion.princeton.edu/people/faculty/lecturers/katie-javanaud/ Source Accessed Apr 14, 2021]) +
The Most Venerable Phra Thepyanmongkol was born on 6 March 1929. While he was a layman, he worked as a research specialist at the United States Information Services (USIS) in Bangkok. Also, he was a visiting lecturer in research methodology, research and evaluation, and public opinion surveys to various academic institutions in Thailand. Sermchai began practicing meditation in 1970. After he made an attainment according to the Dhammakaya Meditation, he furthered his meditation to the advanced level with the Most Venerable Master Phrarajbrahmathera (Veera Kanuttamo), the vice abbot and head of Vipassana Meditation department of Wat Paknam in Bangkok, who studied the superknowledge of Dhammakaya directly with the Most Venerable Grand Master Phramongkolthepmuni (Luang Por Wat Paknam). After his achievement in meditation, Sermchai entered Buddhist monkhood on 6 March 1986. As a Buddhist monk, he spent years studying Buddhist doctrine and Pali language until he completed the advanced level of Dhamma study and level six of Pali curriculum. In 1991, he established Wat Luang Phor Sodh Dhammakayaram to be a center for Dhamma study and meditation practice in Rajaburi Province. In 1996, he became a certified Buddhist preceptor. As a recognition to his works which benefit Buddhism and the society, Venerable Sermchai was promoted for the first time to the ecclesiastical title of Phra Bhavana Visutthikhun in 1998. In 2004, he was promoted to the title of Phra Rajyanvisith. He was promoted again to the higher ecclesiastical title of Phra Thepyanmongkol in 2011. Throughout years of his monkhood, the Most Venerable Sermchai has promoted Dhamma study and Dhammakaya Meditation practice in order to create peace among human societies. With his qualified knowledge gained from the modern education system and profession as well as knowledge about Dhamma doctrine and meditation experience, the Most Venerable Sermchai has authored many books on Buddhism and meditation. In addition, as the abbot of Wat Luang Phor Sodh Dhammakayaram, he has organized meditation retreat and training for both Thais and foreigners. Venerable Master Sermchai initiated many projects which benefit Buddhism and the propagation of Dhammakaya Meditation which includes the establishment of Buddhist college located within the area of his temple in Rajaburi Provice. Consequently, with his work achievement and qualification, in July 2018, Venerable Master Sermchai (Phrathepyanmongkol) was granted the title of 'Associate Professor' by Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University (MCU) which is the prominent Buddhist University in Thailand. ([https://www.meditation101.org/14497024/venerable-master-assoc-professor-sermchai-jayamanggalo Source Accessed Apr 4, 2022])
Jean Baker was born to a poor family in the Bronx (Backman, 1998). She suffered from polio from the age of eleven months (Backman, 1988). She had to wear braces until the age of seven and had two operations before twelve years old (Backman, 1988).Growing up during the Great Depression had a great impact on her view of women (Backman, 1988). Most of the families in the neighborhood had working women in them; these families were looked down upon (Backman, 1988). It was during her twice weekly visits to the area hospital brought her in contact with two working women who gave her a positive view of women, a view that would stay with her for the rest of her life. The women were two twin sisters who worked as nurses (Backman, 1988). They were able to convince Miller's mother to allow her to attend a special women's school, the Hunter College High School (Backman, 1988). The school was an hour away by subway, but because of the two nurses' insisting, she was allowed to attend the school , thus starting her on her career (Backman, 1988). Were it not for these two women, women's psychology may be quite different today. [http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/jbmiller.html Source] +
Stephen Jenkins, Professor of Religion at Humboldt State University, received his doctorate from Harvard. His research is focused on Buddhist ethics and the origins of Indian pure lands. Most recently, he has done a series of talks arguing for the importance of heavenly attainment in early Indian Buddhist soteriology and the significance of the devalokas as precedents for the pure lands. ([https://stephenjenkins.academia.edu/ Source Accessed Feb 10, 2021]) +
Jhado Rinpoche is one of the most highly esteemed lamas in the Geluk lineage today. In addition to his excellent education in the Geluk monastic college system, over the years Rinpoche has also received many oral transmissions and empowerments from His Holiness the Dalai Lama and his two main tutors, as well as from many great teachers from other traditions. Renowned for his keen intelligence and dynamic teaching style, Jhado Rinpoche is also highly acclaimed for his ability to engage Western students in ways that are interesting and personally relevant. In addition to these qualities, Rinpoche is also well known and loved for his gentle demeanor and his kindness. ([https://maitripa.org/jhado-rinpoche/ Source Accessed Dec 2, 2023]) +
Marty Bo Jiang is a research fellow at the American Institute of Buddhist Studies, Columbia University Center for Buddhist Studies. He received his PhD from Columbia University in 2008, writing a dissertation entitled "Cataphatic Emptiness: rGyal-tshab on the Buddha-Essence Theory of Asaṅga's ''Ratnagotravibhāgavyākhyā''." He is also known for his work ''The Sublime Continuum and Its Explanatory Commentary'' (Columbia University Press, 2017). +
Born in 1980 in Tibet, he moved to India in 1995 and joined Gomang College in Drepung Monastery. He studied Buddhist texts, including the five great treatises, under many qualified teachers. Having completed his higher education in 2008, he sat in the Grand Geluk Examinations from 2009 and successfully finished the Karam, Lopen, and Lharam Geshe Examinations in six years. In 2015, he joined Gyume Tantric College to undertake tantric studies and successfully completed the program after three years in 2018. He currently serves as lecturer/teacher at Gomang College. +
Venerable Jigme met Venerable Chodron in 1998 at Cloud Mountain Retreat Center. She took refuge in 1999 and attended Dharma Friendship Foundation in Seattle, where Ven. Chodron was the resident teacher. She moved to the Abbey in 2008 and took śrāmaṇerikā and śikṣamāṇā vows with Venerable Chodron as her preceptor in March 2009. In 2011, along with Ven. Chonyi, she received bhikshuni ordination at Fo Guang Shan in Taiwan.
Before moving to Sravasti Abbey, Venerable Jigme worked as a Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner in private practice in Seattle. In her career as a nurse, she worked in hospitals, clinics and educational settings.
At the Abbey, Ven. Jigme manages the prison outreach program and support the health of the community. In addition, she is a photographer, technical consultant, thanks donors, and creates flyers and other graphics. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/community-member/ven-thubten-jigme/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023]) +
Jih-ch'eng 日稱 (1017–1078 A.D.) was a translator who worked with Dharmarakṣa on the Chinese translations of the ''Saddharmasmṛtyupasthānasūtra'', Śāntideva's ''Śikṣāsamuccaya'', as well as the ''Pitāputrasamāgamanasūtra''. +
Tao Jin is an Associate Professor in the Religion Department at Illinois Wesleyan University.
Professor Jin teaches courses on East Asian Buddhism, focusing primarily on its thoughts, its classical texts, Zen, and the theories and practices in its exegetical tradition. He also teaches Chinese religions, modern Japanese religions, popular religions in East Asia, and Asian religious literature.
Professor Jin holds graduate degrees from Tianjin Foreign Languages Institute (M.A., 1994), University of Memphis (M.A., 1999) and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Ph.D., 2008). He specializes in Buddhist philosophy of mind, its classical East Asian presentation in the treatise entitled the ''Awakening of Faith in Mahāyāna'' (or ''Qixinlun'' in its popular Chinese abbreviation), the commentarial literature of the treatise, and theory and practice of Buddhist exegesis. He is also interested in the formulation and interpretation of the Chinese cosmology, and the interaction between Confucianism and Buddhism.
Professor Jin has presented his studies at both national and international conferences, and has published in various peer-reviewed journals, such as ''Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies'', and ''Philosophy East and West''. He is currently working on a book, entitled ''The Awakening of Faith in Mahāyāna: A Textual Study and Annotated Translation'', and a number of related projects involving the annotation and structural analysis (''kepan'') of several classical commentaries of the ''Qixinlun''. ([https://www.iwu.edu/religion/faculty/TaoJin.html Source Accessed Oct 22, 2020])
(Professor Jin's [https://www.iwu.edu/religion/faculty/jin-tao-cv.pdf CV]) +
Jingjue. (J. Jōkaku; K. Chǒnggak 淨覺) (683-c. 760). Chinese author of the ''Lengqie shizi ji'' ("Records of the Masters and Disciples of the Laṅkāvatārasūtra" ); an early lineage record of the Chan zong, presented from the standpoint of the so-called Northern school (Bei zong). (Source: "Jingjue." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 389. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
Ouyang Jingwu (1871-1943), was a leading intellectual who revived the Buddhist scholastic movement during the early Republican period in China. Ouyang believed that authentic Indian Buddhism was an alternative to the prevalent Chinese Buddhist doctrines of his time. +
Jingxi Zhanran. (J. Keikei Tannen; K. Hyŏnggye Tamyŏn 荊溪湛然 (711–782). Chinese monk who is the putative ninth patriarch of the Tiantai zong; also known as Great Master Miaole (Sublime Bliss) and Dharma Master Jizhu (Lord of Exegesis). Zhanran was a native of Jingqi in present-day Jiangsu province. At age nineteen, Zhanran became a student of the monk Xuanlang (673–754), who had revitalized the community on Mt. Tiantai. After Xuanlang's death, Zhanran continued his efforts to unify the disparate regional centers of Tiantai learning under the school's banner; for his efforts, Zhanran is remembered as one of the great revitalizers of the Tiantai tradition. A gifted exegete who composed numerous commentaries on the treatises of Tiantai Zhiyi, Zhanran established Zhiyi's ''Mohe zhiguan'', ''Fahua xuanyi'', and ''Fahua wenju'' as the three central texts of the Tiantai exegetical tradition. His commentary on the ''Mohe zhiguan'', the ''Mohe zhiguan fuxing zhuanhong jue'', is the first work to correlate ''zhiguan'' (calmness and insight) practice as outlined by Zhiyi with the teachings of the ''Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra'' ("Lotus Sūtra"), the central scripture of the Tiantai tradition. In his ''Jingang Pi'' ("Adamantine Scalpel"), Zhanran argued in favor of the controversial proposition that insentient beings also possess the buddha-nature (''foxing''). Zhanran's interpretation of Tiantai doctrine and the distinction he drew between his own tradition and the rival schools of the Huayan zong and Chan zong set the stage for the internal Tiantai debates during the Song dynasty between its on-mountain (shanjia) and off-mountain (shanwai) branches. Zhanran lectured at various monasteries throughout the country and was later invited by emperors Xuanzong (r. 712–756), Suzong (r. 756–762), and Daizong (r. 762–779) to lecture at court, before retiring to the monastery Guoqingsi on Mt. Tiantai. (Source: "Jingxi Zhanran." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 391–92. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)
Jingying Huiyuan. (J. Jōyō Eon; K. Chǒngyǒng Hyewǒn 淨影慧遠) (523-592). Chinese monk and putative Di lun exegete during the Sui dynasty. Huiyuan was a native of Dunhuang. At an early age, he entered the monastery of Guxiangusi in Zezhou (present-day Shanxi province) where he was ordained by the monk Sengsi (d.u.). Huiyuan later studied various scriptures under the vinaya master Lizhan (d.u.) in Ye, the capital of the Eastern Wei dynasty. In his nineteenth year, Huiyuan received the full monastic precepts from Fashang (495-580), ecclesiastical head of the saṃgha at the time, and became his disciple. Huiyuan also began his training in the Dharmaguptaka "Four-Part Vinaya" (Sifen lü) under the vinaya master Dayin (d.u.). After he completed his studies, Huiyuan moved back to Zezhou and began his residence at the monastery Qinghuasi. In 577, Emperor Wu (r. 560-578) of Northern Zhou began a systematic persecution of Buddhism, and in response, Huiyuan is said to have engaged the emperor in debate; a transcript of the debate, in which Huiyuan defends Buddhism against criticisms of its foreign origins and its neglect of filial piety, is still extant. As the persecution continued, Huiyuan retreated to Mt. Xi in Jijun (present-day Henan province). Shortly after the rise of the Sui dynasty, Huiyuan was summoned by Emperor Wen (r. 581-604) to serve as overseer of the saṃgha (shamendu) in Luozhou (present-day Henan). He subsequently spent his time undoing the damage of the earlier persecution. Huiyuan was later asked by Emperor Wen to reside at the monastery of Daxingshansi in the capital. The emperor also built Huiyuan a new monastery named Jingyingsi, which is often used as his toponym to distinguish him from Lushan Huiyuan. Jingying Huiyuan was a prolific writer who composed numerous commentaries on such texts as the ''Avataṃsakasūtra'', ''Mahāparinirvānasūtra'', ''Vimalakīrtinirdeśa'', ''Sukhāvatīvyūhasūtra'', ''Śrīmālādevīsiṃhanādasūtra'', ''Shidi jing lun'' (Vasubandhu's commentary on the ''Daśabhūmikasūtra''), ''Dasheng qixin lun'', and others. Among his works, the ''Dasheng yi zhang'' ("Compendium of the Purport of Mahāyāna"), a comprehensive encyclopedia of Mahāyāna doctrine, is perhaps the most influential and is extensively cited by traditional exegetes throughout East Asia. Jingying Huiyuan also plays a crucial role in the development of early Pure Land doctrine in East Asia. His commentary on the ''Guan Wuliangshou jing'', the earliest extant treatise on this major pure land scripture, is critical in raising the profile of the ''Guan jing'' in East Asian Buddhism. His commentary to this text profoundly influenced Korean commentaries on the pure land scriptures during the Silla dynasty, which in turn were crucial in the evolution of Japanese pure land thought during the Nara and Heian periods. Jingying Huiyuan's concept of the "dependent origination of the tathāgatagarbha" (rulaizang yuanqi)—in which tathāgatagarbha is viewed as the "essence" (ti) of both nirvāṇa and saṃsāra, which are its "functioning" (yong)—is later adapted and popularized by the third Huayan patriarch, Fazang, and is an important precursor of later Huayan reconceptualizations of dependent origination (''pratītyasamutpāda''; see fajie yuanqi). (Source: "Jingying Huiyuan." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 392. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)
NAGRU GESHE GELEK JINPA was born in Kham, East Tibet in 1967. He grew up in a nomad family, spending his childhood much as any young Tibetan would, tending the animals and working on the farm. Geshe Gelek also attended a local school, where he learnt to read and write. In 1986 H. E. Yongdzin Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche visited East Tibet, and it was then that Geshe Gelek made up his mind to take vows from him and become a monk; he was nineteen at the time.
As a novice, he began his monastic studies in Thongdrol Ritröd Monastery, starting with the Preliminary practices, and going on to receive teachings on Dzogchen as well as many other aspects of the Bön tradition. He later stayed in Tsedrug Gompa for a year and studied philosophy with the renowned scholar Lopon Drangsong Yungdrung in Lungkar Gompa for two years. Geshe Gelek completed several personal retreats, including a 49 day dark retreat and a 100 day Tummo retreat. He also practised Trekchö and Thögal.
In 1988 he began studying Bön philosophy, alongside Tantra and Dzogchen. Having begun studying Bön philosophy in 1988, Geshe Gelek decided to continue his studies with the great Bön masters in exile in India and Nepal. In 1992 he managed to travel from Tibet to
Nepal where he spent some time with Yongdzin Lopön Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche before transferring to the new Menri monastery in Dolanji, India, where he continued his studies under the guidance of Menri Tridzin Lungtok Tenpi Nyima Rinpoche.
In 1994 Geshe Gelek returned to Nepal to the newly-established Triten Norbutse Monastery where he was able to receive many extremely important Dzogchen teachings from Yongdzin Lopon Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche. It was during this time that Geshe Gelek began researching and writing his own books, including a treatise on Bön Vinaya, the History of Zhang Zhung (currently being translated into English by Prof. Charles Ramble), and the Bön Kanjyur (canon). The latter was published in Nepal in 2001.
From 1999-2000 Geshe Gelek collaborated with Prof. Nagano of the National Museum of Ethnology Osaka, Japan and Prof. Samten G. Karmay of INRS on a major project to catalogue the Bön canon.
Geshe Gelek received his Geshe degree from Triten Norbutse in 2001; his class was the first to graduate in Nepal for many centuries, and the final exam were held in the presence of H. H. Lungtok Tenpi Nyima Rinpoche, H.E. Yongdzin Lopon Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche and Khenpo Tenpa Yungdrung. Like the others in his class, Geshe Gelek received his degree certificate from a representative of H. H. the Dalai Lama.
Later that year Geshe Gelek was invited to France by the Kalpa Group to participate in a scientific study of Tummo for Harvard University, USA. Together with two other Bönpo monks, he completed a full 100 day retreat during which he was monitored regularly by physicians and scientists to establish the physical effects of this practice of inner heat. It was during that time that Geshe Gelek struck up what was to become a lasting friendship with Dr. Charles Ramble, then head of Tibetan and Himalayan Studies at Oxford University, UK (now professor at École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris).
In 2003-2005 Geshe Gelek collaborated with Dr. Ramble and the Kalpa Group on research into the history and culture of Zhang Zhung, and this led to a fieldtrip in the Mount Kailash region which culminated in the production of a documentary film In Search of Zhang Zhung (featured om this site) and a book The Sacred Landscape and Pilgrimage in Tibet; In Search of the Lost Kingdom of Bön, Abbeville Press, New York, London, 2005.
Further research followed in 2008 when the newly-formed Bönpo Mahasangha of Nepal, headed by Khenpo Tenpa Yungdrung, asked him to undertake a survey of Bön peoples, temples and customs in various regions of Nepal. This led to the production of a documentary film Secrets of Mustang: Treasure of Bön (featured on this website) and a book, BÖN IN NEPAL: Traces of the Great Zhang Zhung Ancestors - The Light of the History of Existence (forthcoming).
In 2003/4 Geshe Gelek studied English in Oxford and in 2008 he was invited to participate at Hope University's Big Hope conference in Liverpool, UK. He has made invaluable contributions to several recent publications, such as Masters of the Zhang Zhung Nyengyud, Heart Essence of the Khandro: Experiential Inistructions on Bönpo Dzogchen - Thirty signs and Meanings from Women Lineage-Holders and other yet unpublished texts.
Since the establishment of Shenten Dargye Ling, Yongdzin Lopön Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche's international centre in France, in 2005, Geshe Gelek has spend many months based in Europe; he travels regularly to teach a growing number of students throughout Europe, as well as in the US. His lively, energetic teaching style and easy-going, compassionate nature are much appreciated by his Western students.
In 2013 he was inaugurated as Khenpo (Abbott) of Shenten Dargye Ling at a ceremony held in Triten Norbutse Monastery, Kathmandu.
Source: [http://www.yungdrungbon.co.uk/GesheGelekJinpa.html]
Thupten Jinpa Langri (b. 1958) is a former Tibetan monk and a Geshe Lharampa with B.A. in philosophy and a Ph.D. in religious studies, both from Cambridge University. Since 1985, he has been the principal English translator to H.H. the Dalai Lama and has translated and edited numerous books by the Dalai Lama, including the New York Times Bestsellers ''Ethics for the New Millennium'' and ''The Art of Happiness''. Jinpa’s own publications include works in Tibetan, English translations as well as books, the latest being ''Tsongkhapa: A Buddha in the Land of Snows'' and ''Illuminating the Intent'', a translation of Je Tsongkhapa's commentary on ''Entering the Middle Way''. Jinpa is the general series editor of the 32-volume ''Bod kyi tsug lag gces btus'' series, whose translations are published in English as [https://tibetanclassics.org/ The Library of Tibetan Classics]. His current projects include the editing of classical Indian Buddhist texts from Tengyur for a special anthology known as Rgya gzhung gnad che bdam bsgrigs (Selected Indian Buddhist treaties). He is the main author of CCT (Compassion Cultivation Training), an eight-week formal program developed at Stanford University, and co-founder and president of the Compassion Institute. He is the Chair of Mind and Life Institute, founder of the Institute of Tibetan Classics, and an adjunct professor at the School of Religious Studies at McGill University. Jinpa lives in Montreal and is married with two daughters. (Source: Thupten Jinpa) +
Jitāri. [alt. Jetāri] (T. Dgra las rnam rgyal) (fl. c. 940-980). Sanskrit proper name of the author of the ''Hetutattopadeśa'' and a number of short works on pramāṇa in the tradition that follows Dharmakīrti; later Tibetan doxographers (see siddhānta) characterize him as interpreting Dharmakīrti's works from a
Madhyamaka perspective, leading them to include him in a Yogācāra - Svātantrika - Madhyamaka school following the false aspect (alīkākara) position. A Jitāri also appears in the list of the eighty-four mahāsiddhas as a tantric adept; he is also listed as a teacher of Atiśa Dīpamkaraśrījñāna. (Source: "Jitāri." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 393. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
Jizang. (J. Kichizō; K. Kilchang) (549–623). In Chinese, "Storehouse of Auspiciousness"; Chinese Buddhist monk of originally Parthian descent and exegete within the San lun zong, the Chinese counterpart of the Madhyamaka school of Indian thought. At a young age, he is said to have met the Indian translator Paramārtha, who gave him his dharma name. Jizang is also known to have frequented the lectures of the monk Falang (507–581) with his father, who was also [an] ordained monk. Jizang eventually was ordained by Falang, under whom he studied the so-called Three Treatises (San lun), the foundational texts of the Chinese counterpart of the Madhyamaka school: namely, the ''Zhong lun'' (''Mūlamadhyamakārikā''), ''Bai lun'' (*''Śataśāstra''), and ''Shi'ermen lun'' (*''Dvādaśamukhaśāstra''). At the age of twenty-one, Jizang received the full monastic precepts. After Falang’s death in 581, Jizang moved to the monastery of Jiaxiangsi in Huiji (present-day Zhejiang province). There, he devoted himself to lecturing and writing and is said to have attracted more than a thousand students. In 598, Jizang wrote a letter to Tiantai Zhiyi, inviting him to lecture on the ''Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra''. In 606, Emperor Yang (r. 604–617) constructed four major centers of Buddhism around the country and assigned Jizang to one in Yangzhou (present-day Jiangsu province). During this period, Jizang composed his influential overview of the doctrines of the Three Treatises school, entitled the San lun xuanyi. Jizang's efforts to promote the study of the three treatises earned him the name "reviver of the San lun tradition." Jizang was a prolific writer who composed numerous commentaries on the three treatises, the ''Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra'', ''Mahāparinirvāṇasūtra'', ''Vimalakīrtinirdeśa'', ''Sukhāvatīvyūhasūtra'', etc., as well as an overview of Mahāyāna doctrine, entitled the ''Dasheng xuan lun''. ("Jizang". In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 395. Princeton University Press, 2014)
Dennis Johnson has an academic background in Tibetan and Buddhist Studies and has worked as a librarian, translator, editor and interpreter. He has also pursued additional training in various mindfulness-based, psychosocial and psychotherapeutic interventions. His main interest lies in forms of transdisciplinary and transcultural research and practice, and their potential to provide a new paradigm for individual, social and cultural transformation based on traditional knowledge as well as modern science. ([https://transpersonal-training.com/dennis-johnson/ Source Accessed Mar 9, 2023]) +
Edward Hamilton Johnston was a British oriental scholar who was Boden Professor of Sanskrit at the University of Oxford from 1937 until his death. He was born on 26 March 1885; his father was Reginald Johnston, Governor of the Bank of England from 1909 to 1911. He was educated at Eton College before studying at New College, Oxford, switching to history after a year of mathematics and obtaining a first-class degree in 1907. He joined the Indian Civil Service, winning the Boden Sanskrit Scholarship during his probation, and worked in India from 1909 onwards in various capacities. He took the opportunity to retire in 1924 after working in India for 15 years, and returned to England. Thereafter he spent his time on the study of Sanskrit, later learning sufficient Tibetan and Chinese to make use of material available in those languages.
Although Johnston seems only to have published one article in India (on a group of medieval statues), his later works show that he had noted local Indian practices in agriculture and other areas, since he made reference to these in his analysis of Sanskrit texts. Between 1928 and 1936, he published an edition and translation of the ''Buddhacārita'' (''Acts of the Buddha'') by the 2nd-century author Aśvaghoṣa; this was described by the writer of his obituary in The Times as his "magnum opus."
In 1937, he was elected Boden Professor of Sanskrit and Keeper of the Indian Institute at the University of Oxford, also becoming a Professorial Fellow of Balliol College. He started cataloguing the Sanskrit manuscripts acquired for the Bodleian Library by an earlier Boden professor, A. A. Macdonell, helped improve the museum of the Indian Institute, and worked on the manuscripts held by the India Office Library. He published several articles on a variety of topics. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Johnston_(orientalist) Source Accessed Jan 13, 2020]) +
Charles B. Jones is an associate professor of Religious Studies at The Catholic University of America in Washington, DC. He earned a PhD at the University of Virginia in 1996 and specializes in Pure Land Buddhism in China. (Source: [https://www.shambhala.com/authors/g-n/charles-jones.html Shambhala Publications]) +
Chris Jones completed doctoral research at the University of Oxford (St Peter’s College) in 2015, with a thesis that explored the language of selfhood (ātman) in relation to teachings about buddha-nature in Indian Buddhist literature. The thesis was awarded the Khyentse Foundation Award for outstanding doctoral research produced in Europe, and was the foundation for his first monograph – The Buddhist Self: On Tathāgatagarbha and Ātman. Jones spent three further years researching and teaching at Oxford as a Postdoctoral Fellow of the British Academy, and is now on a UK Arts and Humanities Research Project connected to the University of Cambridge, associated also with the University of Edinburgh. His continuing research concerns predominantly Mahāyāna Buddhist thought as preserved across Sanskrit, Chinese and Tibetan literature, as well as the boundaries and interactions between Buddhism and other religious traditions in India and elsewhere. (Personal Communication, September 2021]) +
David Jones is professor of philosophy and editor of ''Comparative and Continental Philosophy'' (Taylor and Francis), the founding editor of ''East-West Connections'' from 2000 to 2013, and the editor of the ''Series on Comparative and Continental Philosophy''. In 2013 and 2015 he was Visiting Scholar at the Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences at National Taiwan University and has been a visiting professor at the University of Cape Coast in Ghana, Visiting Professor of Chinese Philosophy at the University of North Georgia, and Visiting Professor of Confucian Classics at Emory. From 1996 to 2008 he was the director of the Center for the Development of Asian Studies, which was a Southeast regional center of the Asian Studies Development Program of the East-West Center in Honolulu. Under his direction, CDAS coordinated a number of faculty development workshops and organized conferences and programs on Asia for faculty and the public in Atlanta, the Southeast, and nationally. David Jones was the president of the highly regarded Comparative and Continental Philosophy Circle for the last twelve years. ([http://ksuweb.kennesaw.edu/~djones/index.htm Source Accessed Mar 17, 2020]) +
Richard H. Jones is the author of over a dozen books on science and religion and on Eastern mystical traditions. He has an A.B. from Brown University, Ph.D. from Columbia University, and a J.D. from the University of California at Berkeley. He lives in New York City. His interests include science and religion, the history of science, philosophy of mysticism, the scientific study of religious experiences, Asian religions (in particular Madhyamaka Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta), Constitutional law (especially the Establishment Clause), and even Harry Potter. +
Sina Joos received her MA in Tibetan studies, Chinese studies, and the History of Oriental Art in 2009 from the University of Bonn, Germany. Since 2016 she has been a PhD candidate at the Department of South Asian, Tibetan, and Buddhist Studies at the University of Vienna, Austria, under the supervision of Prof. Klaus-Dieter Mathes. Her research focuses on the ''gzhan stong'' doctrine of the Jonang school, while her teachers are mainly from the bka’ brgyud school of Tibetan Buddhism. Apart from her academic studies, she participated in the Translation Training Program at Rangjung Yeshe Institute in Kathmandu and works at the Kamalashila Institute for Buddhist Studies and Meditation, interpreting for Tibetan lamas as well as translating and editing texts for the practice sessions and seminars. +
Khenpo Dr Ngawang Jorden was born in 1956 and grew up in Sikkim. He lived at Lachung, Sikkim until he was 12 then moved to Gangtok, the capital of Sikkim where he began formal studies at Enchey School. At age 14 he joined Sa-Ngor-Choe-Tshok Monastery in Gangtok. After completing his monastic studies such as rituals, he then studied Buddhist Philosophy with the late Khenpo Lodro Zangpo.
In 1975 he went to Sakya College, Dehradun, India, where he studied the five branches of Buddhist philosophy under the late Khenchen Appey Rinpoche. He obtained the degree of Kachupa (equivalent to B.A.) and Loppon (equivalent to M.A.) in Buddhist Studies. Khenpo Jorden later taught at Sakya College before going to America to study at Harvard University where he completed his M.A. and then Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies.
His Holiness the Sakya Trizin and Khenchen Appey Rinpoche invited Khenpo Jorden to take up the position of Principal of IBA in Kathmandu and so he left his teaching post at the University of Chicago and joined IBA in 2009. As Principal of IBA he oversees the many projects IBA is involved in, teaches the Dharma to students from across the globe and engages in translation work. He also travels extensively to countries such as Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia and Europe to give teachings.
IBA has around 40 monastic scholars undertaking the five-year monastic leadership program and each year offers a summer program in Buddhist studies and practice to overseas students. IBA also has an active translation program, the Chödung Karmo Translation Group, with scholars and translators from many countries. Khenpo Jorden is currently managing a rebuilding program at IBA after significant damage to campus buildings in the earthquakes. ([http://internationalbuddhistacademy.org/about-us/khenpo-ngawang-jorden/ Source Accessed July 22, 2020])] +
John Jorgensen is a senior research associate in the Chinese Studies Research Centre at La Trobe University. A specialist in Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Buddhism, he taught at Griffith University in Queensland and was a researcher at The Australian National University before taking up his current role at La Trobe University. ([http://buddhanature.tsadra.org/index.php/Books/Treatise_on_Awakening_Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na_Faith Source Accessed Jan 6, 2020]) +
Professor Joshi was born on July 27, 1935, in a traditional Brahmin family in the Almora district of the Kumaon hills of Uttar Pradesh, near the ancient pilgrim route to Mt. Kailash. He was proud of the fact that his birth was in July of 1935, only a few weeks after H.H. the XlVth Dalai Lama was born, which he used to say was an "omen" of their shared concern for the spread of appreciation of Buddhism in the world. As a young man he had strong spiritual inclinations, and a favorite story he liked to tell was how his parents were worried at one point that he might become a ''Sadhu'', so intensely did he spend time meditating in the small but famous Yoga Ashramas in the Almora area. . . .
In the late fifties he received his M.A. in Pali from Banaras Hindu University and, as well as his Ph.D., another M.A. in Ancient History and Culture from Gorakhpur University. His doctorate dissertation was on "Buddhistic Culture of India during the 7th and 8th Centuries." He started his career as Assistant Professor in the Department of Ancient Indian History and Culture at Gorakhpur University from 1961 to 1967. He went on to join the Guru Gobind Singh Department of Religious Studies at Punjabi University, Patiala, becoming a key figure in that thriving center of the study of world religions. He was made Dean of Faculty of Religious Studies, in 1980-81. His international reputation rose steadily as he ably edited the ''Journal of Religious Studies'', and his milestone work in Indian religious history, ''Studies in the Buddhistic Culture of India'' (Delhi, 1967), was more and more widely acclaimed. Another major project of his, with Bhikkhu Pasadika, was the translation of the ''Arya-vimalakirti-nirdesa-sutra'' into Hindi (Sarnath, 1981). Other publications include ''Dhammapada'', Pali Text in Gurmukhi Script (Patiala, 1969); ''Brahmanism, Buddhism and Hinduism'' (Kandy, 1970); ''An Introduction to Indian Religions'' (Patiala, 1970); ''Vajracchedika Prajñāpāramitā'' with the commentary of Asaṅga and its translation in Hindi (Sarnath, 1978); ''Facets of Jain Religiousness in Comparative Light'' (Ahmedabad, 1981); and a chapter on "The Monastic Contribution to Buddhist Art and Architecture" in ''The World of Buddhism'' edited by Heinz Bechert and Richard Gombrich (London, 1983). He attended many international conferences, in Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Russia, Europe, and the United States, as well as all over India. He was a member of the editorial board of our ''JIABS'', as well as a member of the Board of Directors of the IABS. He was a valued member of the Board of Advisers of the American Institute of Buddhist Studies at Amherst College in Amherst, Massachusetts, USA. (Extracted from Prof. Lal Mani Joshi's obituary by N. H. Samtani and Robert Thurman, ''JIABS'' Vol. 8, no, 1, 1985)
Dr Shubhada Joshi has done her PHD in 'Lokyata' a Critical Study with Specialization in Indian Philosophy, Ethics, Metaethics, Saint Philosophy and Bhakti, Inter-Cultural and Inter-Religious Philosophy, Philosophy of 19th century, Maharashtra. Being in the teaching profession spanning 37 years, she was the Head, Department of Philosophy, 1991-2005 and 2008-2014 University of Mumbai. She was instrumental in introducing 10 Certificate and Diploma courses started in the Department of Philosophy, to introduce various Philosophical traditions to people from all walks of life from 1996 onwards. ([https://in.bookmyshow.com/person/dr-shubhada-joshi/1080441 Source Accessed Jan 28, 2021]) +
K
Research Interests
My research interests lie in the history of philosophy, with special attention to the history of Buddhist philosophy in South Asia. Topics of particular interest to me include the philosophy of mind, action and philosophical anthropology. I believe the history of Buddhist philosophy in South Asia is best pursued keeping in view the long conversations of Buddhist and non-Buddhist philosophers in South Asia, and also the importance of narrative thought for the history of ideas. I am currently working on two book length monographs: one on the philosopher Vasubandhu, and his monograph in Twenty Verses; and another on the Buddhist poet Asvaghosa, and his narrative lyric, Beautiful Nanda. ([https://religiousstudies.as.virginia.edu/faculty/profile/sk3hp Source: UVa Faculty Profile]
Selected Publications
“Is Madness Anything Like Dying? Vasubandhu on Madness and the Fragility of Our Ways of Being Alive.” (forthcoming)
“Of Vasubandhu, and Why Ordinary Language Can and Does Take Care of Itself.” (forthcoming)
“What is it Like to Become a Likeness of Oneself? Gestures of Light, Motion and Mind at the Surfaces of Representation.” Essays of the Forum Transregionale Studien, Berlin (2015).
“The Meaning of Love: Insights from Medieval South Asia.” Available online at the website of The History of Emotions: Insights into Research. Berlin: Max Planck Institute for Human Development, 2014.
“The Last Embrace of Color and Leaf: Introducing Asvaghosa's Disjunctive Style.” Almost Island, Special Issue: On Style (2012).
Sonam Kachru is an assistant professor in the Department of Religious Studies, University of Virginia. A student of the history of philosophy, with a particular focus on the history of Buddhist philosophy in South Asia, he is especially interested in the history of such concepts as minds, persons, and selves. He is currently working on a monograph on the Buddhist philosopher Vasubandhu, tentatively titled More and Less Than Human: Life and Mind in Indian Buddhism. (Source: [[Readings of Śāntideva's Guide to Bodhisattva Practice]], 285.)
Mieko Kajihara is an Associate Professor of Sanskrit in the Department of Indian Languages and Literature at the University of Tokyo. +
Professor Yuichi KAJIYAMA was Emeritus Professor of Buddhist Studies at Kyoto University.
Born in Shizuoka city on Jannary 2, 1925, Professor Kajiyama attended Shizuoka Junior High School and Shizuoka High School. He entered Kyoto University in October 1944, studying in the department of Philosophy (Buddhist Studies) of the Faculty of Letters until his graduation in March
1948. Then he became a special research fellow of the Graduate School of the same university. He married Hiroko MATSUURA in 1951 and had a daughter Tomoko in 1952. From April 1953 until March 1956 he continued his research, while teaching, under the direction of Professors J. Kashab
and Satkari Mookerjee at the Nalanda Pali Institute, in Bihar, India. After his return to Kyoto, he became an Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Letters of Kyoto University in April 1956. Having received a prize from the Japanese Academy for his joint-work Ju yong guan in May 1959 as well as a prize from the Japanese Association of Buddhist Studies in October of the same year, he was promoted to Associate Professor in March 1961. From July 1961 until August 1962 he studied under the guidance of Professor John Brough as a fellow of the British Council in the School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) of London Unversity. From September to December 1962 he continued his research under the guidance of Professor Erich Frauwallner at the Indological Institute of Vienna University. Promoted to Professor of Kyoto University in November 1971 he concentrated on research and education for the sixteen years until his retirement in March 1988, and in April 1988 he was given the title of Emeritus Professor of Kyoto University. From April 1988 until March 1997 he was Professor at Bukkyo University (Faculty of Letters, Department of Buddhist Studies). There in April 1991 he founded the Comprehensive Research Institute, and as its Director he inaugurated its Bulletin. From April 1997 until March 2001 he was Professor at Soka University.
There in June 1997 he founded the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, and as its Director he inaugurated the Annual Report. It was amazing to see how easily he accomplished the difficult tasks of founding a new Institute and launching a new journal.
The research of Professor Kajiyama was recognized and appreciated not only inside Japan, but also internationally. He had occasions to teach as Visiting Professor at the University of Wisconsin (1967-1968), the University of California, Berkeley (1974; 1981; 1997), Harvard University (1986), Vienna University (1985), and Leiden University (1989). [https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/jiabs/article/download/8950/2843/8744 Read more here]
Beáta is both an indologist and orientalist. Her research area is Tibetan Buddhism. Her writings are for both popular and professional audiences. Recently she has done interpreting and teaching in Tibetan and Sanskrit languages. She is also keen on translating Tibetan texts, interested in all things related to Tibetan and Indian culture, lifestyle and Himalayan people. Beáta lived in India for a year, and she returns there from time to time, visiting places such as cedar woods and wonderful mountain villages . . . ([http://viewriter.hu/whohelped.html Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2022]) +
At the age of 13, he joined Shugding Monastery in Tibet and memorized prayers and ritual texts. When he was 20, he joined Sera Monastery in Lhasa and learned language and logic. At 23, he left Tibet and arrived at Sera Monastery in India to pursue education in Buddhist studies. He stood 3rd in his exams on the Middle Way and Perfection Studies and carried out research on logic and epistemology as part of his Lharam Geshe training and sat the exams for it. He also stood 3rd in the examination in tantric studies. In 2020, he sat in the final defense for the Lharam Geshe degree. In addition to his regular academic achievements, he also won the first prize in a literary competition in Tibet, was the sole prize winner for literary composition during the international commemoration of Tsongkhapa, and also received many other prizes for literary writings. He served as the 11th President of the Khampa Literary Society and has authored many works including a commentary on ''Pramāṇasiddhi'' and two books of poetry entitled ''Sweets of the Mute.'' He is currently a researcher. +
Kalu Rinpoche was one of the most prominent Tibetan lamas of the twentieth century, active in both exile communities and in the West. As a young man he spent over a decade in isolated retreat, coming out only to serve as retreat master at Tsādra Rinchen Drak. Although never formally enthroned, he was commonly recognized as a reincarnation of Jamgon Kongtrul. In exile he settled in India, where he was a primary teacher to many contemporary Kagyu lamas and served as the main propagator of the Shangpa Kagyu tradition. In the later decades of his life he traveled multiple times to Europe and North America, where he established dharma centers and three-year retreat centers and initiated the translation of Kongtrul's Treasury of Knowledge into English. (Source: [https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/kalu-rinpoche/12180 Treasury of Lives]) +
David J. Kalupahana (1936–2014) was a Buddhist scholar from Sri Lanka. He was a student of the late K.N. Jayatilleke, who was a student of Wittgenstein. He wrote mainly about epistemology, theory of language, and compared later Buddhist philosophical texts against the earliest texts and tried to present interpretations that were both historically contextualized and also compatible with the earliest texts, and in doing so, he encouraged Theravadin Buddhists and scholars to reevaluate the legitimacy of later, Mahayana texts and consider them more sympathetically.
Born in Galle District, Southern Sri Lanka, Kalupahana attended Mahinda College, Galle for his school education. He obtained his BA (Sri Lanka, 1959), Ph.D (London), and D. Litt (Hon. Peradeniya, Sri Lanka). He was Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Hawaii. He was assistant lecturer in Pali and Buddhist Civilization at the University of Ceylon, and studied Chinese and Tibetan at the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London where he completed a Ph.D. dissertation on the problem of causality in the Pali Nikayas and Chinese Agamas in 1966.
He left the University of Ceylon (1972) to join the University of Hawaii, serving as the Chairman of the Department of Philosophy and Chairman of the Graduate Field in Philosophy (1974–80). He directed international intra-religious conferences on Buddhism, and on Buddhism and Peace.
Many of his books are published and widely available in India (by Motilal Banarsidass and others), and therefore presumably have a fairly significant influence on the fields of Buddhism and Buddhist Studies in India and other nearby South Asian countries, such as his native Sri Lanka. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Kalupahana Source Accessed Apr 21, 2021]) +
According to Fredrik Liland, nothing further is known about Kalyāṇadeva (Dge ba’i lha), aside from being the author of the ''Bodhisattvacaryāvatārasaṃskāra'', a commentary on the ''Bodhicaryāvatāra''. But his commentary is thought to be not as exhaustive and rich of citations as Prajñākaramati's ''Pañjikā''. +
Lva ba pa, or bLa ma dGe slong, Skt. Kambalapāda, was a tenth-century master who, with others, discovered the yoginī tantras in the country of Oḍḍīyāna (BA, 753), and was important in the lineage of Guhyasamāja. He was known as the Sleeping Bhikṣu (monk) because he is said to have slept for three years at the gate of king Indrabhūti's palace (BA, 362). A bhasuku or bhusuku is similar to a mendicant (sprang bu), that is, free of purposeful action (bya bral pa) (KTGR 2005). Sleeping for three years would probably qualify! (Harding, ''Esoteric Instructions'', 192n172) +
Ensho Kanakura was born in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. After graduating from Tokyo University (1920) Ensho Kanakura began studying Indian philosophy and the doctrines of Buddhism. He was a professor of Tohoku University. +
Chris Kang is Professor in Religion and Contemplative Studies – an independent scholar with special interest in Christian theology and Asian philosophies. He is founder of Awarezen, a digital meditation centre and academy providing online courses on meditation and spirituality for human flourishing and transcendence beyond religious boundaries. He received his PhD in Studies in Religion from The University of Queensland (Australia) in 2003. For nearly two decades, Chris has lectured in Australia at The University of Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland University of Technology, Nan Tien Institute, Queensland Health, and various Buddhist centres. Chris has over 15 years of clinical occupational therapy practice in Australia and Singapore. As a Singapore Government Public Service Commission scholar, he was awarded a Bachelor of Occupational Therapy with First Class Honours from The University of Queensland in 1993. He received a Postgraduate Certificate in International Relations with Dean's Commendation in 2009, also from The University of Queensland. In 2008, he was invited by Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd and Professor Glyn Davis as one of 1,000 delegates to the Australia 2020 Summit at Parliament House, Canberra. Professionally, he is certified in Neurosemantics (2003) and Meta-Coaching (2004) from the International Society of Neurosemantics (USA) and Meta-Coach Foundation (USA). From 2016 to 2018, he was Assistant Professor in Health and Social Sciences (Occupational Therapy) at the Singapore Institute of Technology.
Chris directs his academic research and teaching at Asian Centre for Creative Theology. His current research program focuses on Christian theology and Reformed epistemology in comparisons with Buddhist, Confucianist, Daoist, Hindu, and Tantric philosophies from an Asia-centric perspective pivoting on China and India. He also has scholarly interests in Arabic and Continental philosophy. He has over 200 publications and presentations including seven books in Asian and Biblical contemplative wisdoms. His books include ''One in Christ'' (2019), ''The Tantra of Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar: Critical Comparisons and Dialogical Perspectives'' (2017), ''Resting in Christ'' (2015), ''Growing in Christ'' (2015), ''Reclaiming Dhamma: Teachings on Critical Buddhism'' (2014), ''Dhamma Stream: A Garland of Writings on Dhamma, Self, and Society'' (2013), ''Wise Mind Warm Heart'' (2010), and ''The Meditative Way: Readings in the Theory and Practice of Buddhist Meditation'' (1997; co-edited with Rod Bucknell). His academic articles have appeared in ''Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy''; ''Australian Occupational Therapy Journal''; ''Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy''; ''Contemplativa: Journal of Contemplative Studies''; ''Journal of Buddhist Ethics''; ''Mindfulness''; ''Philosophy East and West''; and ''Journal of Reformed Theology''. He is general editor of an open access, open peer review journal ''Contemplativa: Journal of Contemplative Studies''.
Dr. Kano is an associate professor at Komazawa University in Japan and a specialist of Sanskrit and Tibetan tathāgatagarbha literature. His particular research interests focus on philosophical interpretations of the ''Ratnagotravibhāga''. ([https://conference.tsadra.org/past-event/2019-vienna-symposium/ Source Accessed July 22, 2020]) +
Khandipa was a low-caste sweeper who made his clothes by sewing rags together. A yogin offered to teach him the dharma and gave him the Cakrasaṃvara initiation. However, Khandipa was unable to make any progress because he kept thinking about sewing. In order to overcome his distraction, the yogin told him how to use those thoughts in his meditation practice, explaining that in reality there is no sewing and there is nothing to be sewn. After twelve years of meditation, Khandipa achieved mahāmudrā. (Source: Lopez Jr., Donald S. ''Seeing the Sacred in Samsara: An Illustrated Guide to the Eighty-Four Mahāsiddhas''. Boulder: Shambhala Publications, 2019: p. 93.) +
Hans-Rudolf Kantor is Associate Professor at Huafan University’s Graduate Institute of East Asian Humanities, Taipei. His fields of specialization are Chinese Buddhism, Chinese philosophy, comparative philosophy, and Chinese Intellectual History. He has published numerous articles on these topics and is also author of ''Die Heilslehre im Tiantai-Denken und der philosophische Begriff des Unendlichen bei Mou Zongsan'' (1909-1995): ''Die Verknüpfung von Heilslehre und Ontologie in der chinesischen Tiantai'' (1999). ([https://www.buddhismuskunde.uni-hamburg.de/pdf/4-publikationen/hamburg-buddhist-studies/hamburgup-hbs03-authors-linradich-mirror.pdf Source Accessed June 29, 2020]) +
Philip Kapleau (August 20, 1912 – May 6, 2004) was an American teacher of Zen Buddhism in the Sanbo Kyodan tradition, which is rooted in Japanese Sōtō and incorporates Rinzai-school koan-study. He also strongly advocated for Buddhist vegetarianism. [(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_Kapleau Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023]) +
Matthew T. Kapstein specializes in the history of Buddhist philosophy in India and Tibet, as well as in the cultural history of Tibetan Buddhism more generally. He regularly teaches Contemporary Theories in the Study of Religion in the History of Religions program, and Introduction to the Philosophies of India in Philosophy of Religions. His seminars in recent years have focused on particular topics in the history of Buddhist thought, such as Buddha Nature, idealism, and epistemology (''pramāṇa''), or on broad themes in the study of religion including the problem of evil, death, and the imagination. Kapstein has published over a dozen books and numerous articles, among the most recent of which are a general introduction to Tibetan cultural history, ''The Tibetans'' (Oxford 2006), an edited volume on Sino-Tibetan religious relations, ''Buddhism Between Tibet and China'' (Boston 2009), and a translation of an eleventh-century philosophical allegory in the acclaimed Clay Sanskrit Series, ''The Rise of Wisdom Moon'' (New York 2009). With Kurtis Schaeffer (University of Virginia) and Gray Tuttle (Columbia), he has completed ''Sources of Tibetan Traditions'', published in the Columbia University Press Sources of Asian Traditions series in 2013. Kapstein is additionally Professor Emeritus of Tibetan Studies at the École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris. In 2018 he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. ([https://divinity.uchicago.edu/directory/matthew-kapstein Source Accessed Sep 17, 2019]) +
György Kara earned a Ph.D. from Eötvös Loránd University in Budapest, Hungary in 1961, and a doctorate of philology degree from Leningrad State University in 1975. His research interests include Mongol and Inner Asian studies; languages and cultures, including Old Turkic, Tibetan, Manchu, Evenki, Khitan and Altaic philology; history of writing systems; Altaic linguistics; Mongol literature and folklore. He regularly teaches classical Mongol, Mongol literature and folklore, and the history of Mongol writing systems.
In 2011, Professor Kara was honored at the 54th annual Permanent International Altaistic Conference (PIAC); he received the PIAC gold medal in honor of his lifetime achievements in Altaic Studies. ([https://honorsandawards.iu.edu/awards/honoree/6436.html Source Accessed Mar 16, 2021]) +
The Casa Tíbet México project is intrinsically linked to the figure of Marco Antonio Karam. In love with Tibetan culture and civilization from a very early age, he is considered one of the most important specialists and disseminators of Tibetan culture and spirituality in the Spanish-speaking world.
After extensive academic training in Tibet, Nepal and the USA, during which he established relationships with some of the most prominent Tibetologists and Lamas of the various traditions of Tibetan Buddhism, in 1988, at the suggestion of His Holiness the XIV Dalai Lama of Tibet and the Tibet Office in New York, founded the Casa del Tibet de México as part of an international project aimed at promoting and defending the Tibetan cause and culture. At the invitation of Casa Tíbet México and the Metropolitan University, the Dalai Lama visited our country for the first time in July 1989 to inaugurate Casa Tíbet México and participate in an international forum of global priorities. ([https://casatibet.org.mx/2016/08/16/marco-antonio-karam/ Source Accessed Apr 6, 2021]) +
Professor Seishi Karashima was appointed assistant professor at Soka University’s International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology in April 1997 upon the establishment of the institute, becoming a full professor two years later. After taking on the role of director in April 2011, he continued to make significant contributions to the development of the institute.<br> Specializing in Buddhist philosophy, Professor Karashima applied his vast knowledge of Sanskrit, Tibetan, Pāḷi, Middle Indo-Aryan, and ancient Chinese to conduct detailed analyses of early Chinese Buddhist Translations. Among his many publications, he compiled A glossary of Dharmaraksa's translation of the Lotus Sutra, A Glossary of Kumārajīva's translation of the Lotus Sutra, and A glossary of Lokakṣema's translation of the Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā. He studied the formation of early Mahayana Buddhism and was a leading light of the Buddhist academic community in Japan and abroad. Professor Karashima was invited to work at various institutions in Japan and abroad, including the University of California, Berkeley; the School of Literary Studies at Renmin University of China; and Institut de France. During his time at these institutions, he did not limit himself to simply giving lectures on Buddhist studies. He also set up initiatives to support research, such as creating a worldwide network of Buddhist researchers.<br> Numerous published papers and books bear the hand of Professor Karashima, either as author or editor. These include Vessantara-jātaka Yakuchū (included in The Jātaka, Vol. 10 by Hajime Nakamura, Shunjūsha, 1988); A Textual Study of the Chinese Versions of the Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra (Sankibo Busshorin, 1992); A Study of the Underlying Language of the Chinese Translation of the Dīrgha-āgama (Hirakawa Shuppan Inc., 1994); Buddhist Manuscripts from Central Asia: The British Library Sanskrit Fragments, (author and editor of three volumes in five books; International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, Soka University, 2006, 2009, 2015); Abhisamācārika- Dharma (three volumes, German language publication, International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, 2012); Languages and Transmission of Buddhist Scriptures (Chinese language publication, Nakanishi Shokyoku, 2016). (Source: [https://www.soka.ac.jp/en/news/2019/07/10324/ Soka University])
Karma Chakme, also known as Raga Asé (Rāgāsya), was one of the most highly realized and accomplished scholar-yogins of Tibet. An important Karma Kamtsang teacher, he was recognized by many as the incarnation of the ninth Karmapa (but not selected.) His teachers included the most famous masters of his time, both Nyingma and Kagyu. He was both the teacher and student of Tertön Mingyur Dorje. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Karma_Chakm%C3%A9 Rigpa Wiki]) +
Karma Lingpa was a 14th century tertön known for his expansive revelation on the Peaceful and Wrathful deities, the ''Zab chos zhi khro dgongs pa rang grol''. Commonly known as ''Kar gling zhi khro'' it remains to this day an extremely popular treasure cycle and was highly influential in the early days of Western interest in Tibetan Buddhism, as it is the source of the text popularly known as the ''Tibetan Book of the Dead''. He was also the son of Nyida Sangye who is known for his '''pho ba'' revelation that would become the basis for the religious festival known as the Drikung Phowa Chenmo. +
Karma Ngedon Tendzin Trinle Rabgye (karma nges don bstan 'dzin 'phrin las rab rgyas) was born in 1770, the iron-tiger year of thirteenth sexagenary cycle, in Kham (khams). He was identified as the reincarnation of Karma Ngelek Tendzin Trinle Rabgye (karma nges legs bstan 'dzin 'phrin las rab rgyas, b. 1700), a nephew of the Eighth Situ, Chokyi Jungne (si tu 08 chos kyi 'byung gnas, 1699-1774).
As a youth, Karma Ngedon Tendzin Trinle Rabgye received monastic vows and Buddhist training at Pelpung Monastery (dpal spungs dgon). He specialized in the medical sciences.
In 1789, when was twenty, he composed the influential medical treatise, the Jeweled Garland of Immortality ('chi med nor bu'i phreng ba), and later also composed a commentary work for it, the Jeweled Treasury of Wellness (phan bde nor bu'i bang mdzod). (Source: [https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Karma-Ngedon-Tendzin-Trinle-Rabgye/2639 Treasury of Lives]) +
An important master of the Dakpo Kagyu tradition. He was a student of the Seventh Karmapa and a teacher to the Eighth Karmapa and the Second Pawo Rinpoche. An immanent scholar, he wrote works on both sūtra and tantra, as well as an acclaimed commentary on the three cycles of doha of the famed Indian master Saraha. +
Theckchok Dorje was born in the village of Danang in the Kham region of eastern Tibet. He was born in mid-winter, and the histories say that flowers spontaneously blossomed and many rainbows appeared. The baby recited the Sanskrit alphabet. He was recognized by Drukchen Kunzig Chokyi Nangwa, the holder of the thirteenth Karmapa’s letter giving the details of his forthcoming reincarnation. He was enthroned and later ordained by the ninth Tai Situpa. The Karmapa received teachings and the lineage transmissions from Situ Pema Nyinche Wangpo and Drukchen Kunzig Chokyi Nangwa. (Source: [https://kagyuoffice.org/kagyu-lineage/the-golden-rosary/the-14th-karmapa-theckchok-dorje/ Kagyu Office]) +
His Holiness the 17th Gyalwang Karmapa Orgyen Trinley Dorje is the head of the 900-year-old Karma Kagyu Lineage and guide to millions of Buddhists around the world. Orgyen Trinley Dorje is a Tibetan practitioner and scholar, a painter, poet, songwriter and playwright, an environmental and social justice activist, and world spiritual leader who uses modern technology, such as Facebook and other digital platforms, to teach Buddhism and bring the Karma Kagyu lineage’s activities fully into the 21st century. You can see some of the projects he has initiated on Adarsha or Dharma Treasures: [https://digital-toolbox.dharma-treasure.org/ Digital Toolbox] & [https://dharmaebooks.org/ Dharma Books]
[https://kagyuoffice.org/news/ News and links to teachings from His Holiness]
*[https://kagyuoffice.org/joint-long-life-prayer-for-kunzig-shamar-rinpoches-reincarnation/ Long Life Prayer for Shamar Rinpoche with HH Karmapa Trinley Thaye Dorje]
*[https://www.facebook.com/karmapa/ Facebook - Live Teachings and News]
*[http://www.kagyuoffice.org/karmapa.html Karmapa Biography from kagyuoffice.org]
*[https://kagyu.org/gyalwang-karmapa-ogyen-trinley-dorje/ Karmapa Biography from kagyu.org]
[[Category:Karmapas]] +
The Third Karmapa, Rangjung Dorje, was a prominent Karma Kagyu hierarch who also held Nyingma and Chod lineages. He was likely the first man to carry the title of Karmapa, following his identification by Orgyenpa Rinchen Pel as the reincarnation of Karma Pakshi, whom Orgyenpa posthumously identified as the reincarnation of Dusum Khyenpa. He spent much of his life traveling across Tibet and made two visits to the Yuan court in China. ([http://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Third-Karmapa-Rangjung-Dorje/9201 Read more at the source: Treasury of Lives]) +
The eighth member of the incarnation lineage of the Karmapas, Mikyö Dorje, was a prolific scholar and an acclaimed artist, often credited with the development of the Karma Gadri style of painting. Though he only lived into his mid-40's his contributions to the Karma Kagyu and Tibetan tradition, in general, were immense. His collected works are said to have originally filled thirty volumes and he is widely held to be one of the most significant of the Karmapa incarnations.
For a detailed discussion of The Eighth Karmapa's life, with interesting reference to source texts, see the [https://kagyuoffice.org/life-of-mikyo-dorje/ 17th Karmapa's teachings from February 2021].
'''From the book, ''Karmapa: 900 Years'' (KTD Publications, 2016, revised 3rd edition):'''
Mikyö Dorje is among the greatest scholars Tibet has ever produced. He was an active participant in the rigorous intellectual debates of his day, making major contributions in virtually all areas of textual study. He was an accomplished Sanskritist, and wrote Sanskrit grammars alongside works ranging from poetry to art to tantra. The Eighth Karmapa’s voluminous writings include substantial commentaries on all the principal Sanskrit texts, clarifying points of confusion and deeply engaging with their inner meaning. The act of composing philosophical texts within the Karma Kagyu—a lineage so fully devoted to attaining realization through practice—is wholly unlike the act of producing philosophical texts in a modern academic or scholastic setting. Rather, the philosophical works of Mikyö Dorje point out the way to view reality in order to be liberated from the cycles of samsaric suffering. As such, his compositions are a supreme act of kindness. It is said that Mikyö Dorje’s deeds in recording his insight and understanding in his commentaries had the effect of doubling or tripling the lifespan of the Karma Kagyu lineage.(Source: Page 73, ''Karmapa: 900 Years'' (KTD Publications, 2016, revised 3rd edition). E-Book available online here: http://www.ktdpublications.com/karmapa-900-third-edition-e-book/ .
Mikyö Dorje left numerous Buddhist writings on all major and minor topics, including a biography of Bodong Chogle Namgyal (1376–1451), entitled ''Ocean of Miracles'' (ngo mtshar gyi rgya mtsho), a Gongchik commentary, and he introduced a special guru yoga in four sessions, which is the basis for contemporary Karma Kagyu practice. See a list of Tibetan works by the 8th Karmapa available as free ePubs on [https://dharmacloud.tsadra.org/book-author/eighth-karmapa-mikyo-dorje/ Tsadra Foundation's DharmaCloud website].
'''For more biographical information see the following sources:'''
*Rheingans, Jim. 2017. ''The Eighth Karmapa's Life and His Interpretation of the Great Seal: A Religious Life and Instructional Texts in Historical and Doctrinal Contexts''. Bochum, Germany: Projekt Verlag.
*[https://library.bdrc.io/show/bdr:P385 BDRC Person page for The 8th Karmapa, Mikyo Dorje]
*[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335480 WikiData entry for The 8th Karmapa, Mikyo Dorje]
*[https://www.himalayanart.org/items/560 Himalayan Art Resource page for The 8th Karmapa, Mikyo Dorje]
*[https://buddhanature.tsadra.org/index.php/People/Karmapa,_8th Tsadra Foundation person page for The 8th Karmapa, Mikyo Dorje]
*[https://kagyuoffice.org/life-of-mikyo-dorje/ Official Karmapa Office Page on the 8th Karmapa]
*[http://tsurphu.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=19:the-eighth-karmapa-mikyo-dorje-1507-1554&catid=10&Itemid=280&lang=en Tsurphu Monastery Page on the 8th Karmapa]
Samten G. Karmay is one of Tibet’s foremost scholars. Karmay was born in Amdo Province and attended a local Bonpo monastery from ages eight to fourteen. He then followed a three-year course of Dzogchen meditation at Kyangthang Monastery. At twenty he obtained the Geshe degree and took further studies at Drepung.
In 1959 Samten and his family left Tibet and settled briefly in India. From 1961 to 1964, he was a visiting scholar at the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, where he earned an M. Phil. degree for his thesis on Bon history, and then a Ph.D. for his thesis on the origin and development of Dzogchen in Tibetan Buddhist traditions.
In 1980 he entered the National Centre of Scientific Research, Paris, where he became the Director of Research in history and anthropology. In 1996 he was elected President of the International Association of Tibetan Studies. He has written a number of books on Tibetan religions, including a book on the Fifth Dalai Lama. ([https://www.tibetwrites.in/authors/samten-g-karmay/ Source: TibetWrites]) +
Born in eastern Tibet in 1924, Khenpo Karthar Rinpoche was one of the great masters of the Karma Kagyu tradition. Rinpoche, who received most of his training and education in Tibet before the Chinese invasion, was highly accomplished in meditation, philosophy, and monastic arts. As abbot of Karma Triyana Dharmacakra Monastery (KTD) in Woodstock, New York; spiritual guide of thirty-five Karma Thegsum Choling (KTC) affiliate centers; and retreat master at the Karme Ling Retreat Center in Delhi, New York, Rinpoche touched the lives of thousands of students. He was also known for numerous books, including ''The Quintessence of the Union of Mahamudra and Dzokchen''; ''Dharma Paths''; ''Instructions of Gampopa''; ''Bardo: Interval of Possibility''; ''The Wish-Fulfilling Wheel: The Practice of White Tara''; and the five-volume masterwork ''Karma Chakme’s Mountain Dharma''. +
Rudolf Kaschewsky was a German Mongolist and Tibetologist. He attended high school with a focus on ancient languages (including Hebrew and Arabic). After graduating from high school in 1959, he studied Catholic theology, education, Semitic studies, Indology, language and cultural studies of Central Asia and Sinology at the Universities of Cologne and Bonn, where he graduated in Catholic theology in 1963. He received his doctorate in 1967 with a major in Linguistics and Cultural Studies of Central Asia (Tibetan and Mongolian) and the minor subjects [of] Indology and [the] Old Testament. On June 22, 1968 he was awarded the GEFFRUB Prize. He taught as Assistant Professor and Senior Researcher at the University of Bonn [from] 1974 to 2004, during this time also [carrying out] temporary teaching assignments for Tibetan at the Sinological Seminar of the Goethe University. Until the winter semester 2012/2013 he had unpaid teaching assignments at the University of Bonn. He headed a working group on Tibetan/Mongolian translation methodology, which resulted in a joint essay ''The Life of Byams-chen chos-rje and the Development of the Monastery of Se-ra'' (Zentralasiatische Studien 45 (2016) pp. 591–650). He spent several research and study stays in Tibetan-speaking areas of Nepal and India. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Kaschewsky Source Accessed Feb 24, 2021]) +
Dr. Heidi Kasevich designs and delivers programs nationwide that focus on guiding school and workplace communities to foster inclusive cultures where people of all temperaments thrive. A specialist in educating quiet and women leaders, she is passionate about helping students and adults alike to use self-awareness to optimize their ability to lead in today’s world. Kasevich, known for her effervescent presentation style, is a frequent speaker at educational conferences and associations, and her Quiet Revolution work has been featured on NPR and in numerous publications, including ''Huffington Post'', ''New York Magazine'', and ''Harvard Magazine''. A member of the DEAK Group, she is the author of the ''Guide to Giving'', a highly-acclaimed K-12 philanthropy curriculum, and ''Closing the Gap'', an influential girls’ leadership curriculum. Her proficiency is grounded in over 20 years of experience as educator and history department chair at schools in New York City, including Nightingale-Bamford, Dalton, Berkeley Carroll, NYU and Cooper Union. Kasevich has served as Director of ''Académie de Paris'', an Oxbridge Academic Program, and is Program Director at the Hotchkiss Student Leadership Institute. A gcLi Alumna Scholar, she received her BA from Haverford and PhD from New York University. (https://summerspark2018.sched.com/speaker/heidi_kasevich.1xwj2eyl Source Accessed Apr 20, 2023]) +
Dr. Constance Kassor is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at Lawrence University in Wisconsin, where she teaches courses on Buddhist thought and Asian religious traditions. Her research primarily focuses on Tibetan Buddhist philosophy, and she is currently completing a book manuscript on the philosophy of the 15th-century Tibetan scholar Gorampa Sonam Senge.
Connie is also interested in issues related to women and gender minorities in Buddhist traditions, as well as Buddhism and social justice, and she has spent several years living with Buddhist communities in India and Nepal. In addition to her scholarly publications, she has written for Lion’s Roar and Tricycle, and has recently published an audio course on Asian religious traditions for The Great Courses and Audible. ([https://constancekassor.net/ Source Accessed Oct 27, 2021]) +
The late Reverend Bunnō Katō, born in 1888, the translator of ''Myōhō-Renge-Kyō, The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law'', was a priest-scholar of the Nichiren Sect of Japanese Buddhism. He completed this translation after three years of devoted work, when he was studying at Oxford University since 1922, with the help of Rev. William Soothill, professor of Chinese. On returning to Japan in 1925, he soon became a lecturer at Risshō University and editor of the ''Nisshū Shimpō'', then a mnthly bulletin of the Nichiren Sect. Afterwards he was appointed head of the doctrinal department at the headquarters of the Sect. Katō's hopes of having his English translation of the Lotus Sutra published failed to materialize several times because of the costs involved. After his death, the manuscript was donated by his widow to the library of Risshō University, where it was kept for 35 years until turned over to Dr. Wilhelm Schiffer, professor at Sophia University and director of the International Institute of the Study of Religions, in 1967 for further revision. His translation, indeed, saw the light of day after an elapse of 46 years since he completed the translation in Oxford. (Source: book jacket, ''Myōhō-Renge-Kyō, The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law'') +
Katok Situ Chökyi Gyatso was the third incarnation from Katok monastery of the great master from Palpung, Situ Panchen Chökyi Jungné. He was born in 1880, near Katok monastery, and was the nephew of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. He received his name Chos kyi rgya mtsho during his ordination, in front of Jamgön Kongtrul and Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo. Following his ordination, miraculous signs appeared which led to his recognition as the reincarnation of the deceased Katok Situ. He was then brought to Katok Dorje Den, where he studied the sutras and tantras from more than eighteen great masters, particularly Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, Jamgön Kongtrul, Patrul Rinpoche and Mipham Rinpoche. After Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo passed he begged Jamgön Kongtrul to recognize an incarnation of the great master for Katok monastery. Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö was recognized as Katok Khyentse and Katok Situ Chökyi Gyatso took care of his upbringing and education. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Katok_Situ_Ch%C3%B6kyi_Gyatso Rigpa Wiki]) +
Sumitra M. Katre (1906-1998) a lexicographer, Indo-Aryan and Paninian Linguist, was born on 11th April at Honnavar, Karnataka, and died on 21st October in San Jose, California, USA. Prof. Katre made the initiation of the gigantic Sanskrit Dictionary Project, Encyclopedia of Sanskrit on Historical Principles, with 11 million slips preserved in the scriptorium. His work The Formation of Knokani is his tribute to his mother tongue Konkani. S.M. Katre's 1966 work, The Formation of Konkani, which utilized the instruments of modern historical and comparative linguistics across six typical Konkani dialects, showed the formation of Konkani to be distinct from that of Marathi. He was president of the 7th Session of All India Konkani Parishad held on 27th & 28 April, 1957 at Mumbai. Source: ([https://www.mlbd.in/products/astadhyayi-of-panini-sumitra-m-katre-9788120805217-8120805216?_pos=1&_sid=901584408&_ss=r Motilal Banarsidass]) +
Professor Shōryū Katsura received his training in Sanskrit and Buddhist Studies at Kyoto University and the University of Toronto. From 1974 to 2004 he taught in the Department of Indian Philosophy at Hiroshima University; from 2004 he was Professor of Buddhist Philosophy at Ryukoku University, Kyoto, until his retirement in 2012. He remains active at Ryukoku University, where he is Director of their Research Center for Buddhist Cultures in Asia. He is the author or editor of seven books, and has published over sixty articles on various facets of classical Indian Buddhist thought. He is perhaps best known for his work on Buddhist epistemology—the thought of Dignaga, Dharmakirti, and their commentators—but has also made important contributions to the study of Madhyamaka, Abhidharma, and later Mahayana thought. In addition he serves as chief priest of Kodaiji, a small Jodo-shinshu temple in Shiga Prefecture. ([http://www.wisdompubs.org/author/shoryu-katsura Source Accessed Sept 4, 2015]) +
Dr. Advaitavadini Kaul is Editor in the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA) in New Delhi. Here, she is mainly responsible for the preparation of two fundamental series of publications, viz., the Kalatattvakosa (a lexicon of Indian Art Concepts) and the Kalamulasastra (fundamental texts on Indian Arts). She has edited the fourth volume of the Kalatattvakosa series on Manifestation of Nature. She is also an associate editor of the fifth volume on Form/Shape. Basically an M.A. (Sanskrit) and Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) Dr. Kaul has already published her book: Buddhist Savants of Kashmir: Their Contribution Abroad. Her next book on Kashmir's Contribution to Buddhism in Central Asia is forthcoming. She has contributed several research papers to various national/international conferences where her main interest remains to unravel perennial traditions with special emphasis upon the traditions prevalent in Kashmir. ([https://readersend.com/product/a-history-of-kashmiri-pandits/ Source Accessed Aug 31, 2021]) +
Ekai Kawaguchi (河口慧海, ''Kawaguchi Ekai'') (February 26, 1866 – February 24, 1945) was a Japanese Buddhist monk, famed for his four journeys to Nepal (in 1899, 1903, 1905 and 1913), and two to Tibet (July 4, 1900–June 15, 1902, 1913–1915), being the first recorded Japanese citizen to travel in either country.
From an early age Kawaguchi, whose birth name was Sadajiro, was passionate about becoming a monk. In fact, his passion was unusual in a country that was quickly modernizing; he gave serious attention to the monastic vows of vegetarianism, chastity, and temperance even as other monks were happily abandoning them. As a result, he became disgusted with the worldliness and political corruption of the Japanese Buddhist world. Until March, 1891, he worked as the Rector of the Zen Gohyaku rakan Monastery (五百羅漢寺, ''Gohyaku-rakan-ji'') in Tokyo (a large temple which contains 500 ''rakan'' icons). He then spent about 3 years as a hermit in Kyoto studying Chinese Buddhist texts and learning Pali, to no use; he ran into political squabbles even as a hermit. Finding Japanese Buddhism too corrupt, he decided to go to Tibet instead, despite the fact that the region was officially off limits to all foreigners. In fact, unbeknownst to Kawaguchi, Japanese religious scholars had spent most of the 1890s trying to enter Tibet to find rare Buddhist sutras, with the backing of large institutions and scholarships, but had invariably failed.
He left Japan for India in June, 1897, without a guide or map, simply buying his way onto a cargo boat. He had a smattering of English but did not know a word of Hindi or Tibetan. Also, he had no money, having refused the donations of his friends; instead, he made several fishmonger and butcher friends pledge to give up their professions forever and become vegetarian, claiming that the good karma would ensure his success. Success appeared far from guaranteed, but arriving in India with very little money, he somehow entered the good graces of Sarat Chandra Das, an Indian British agent and Tibetan scholar, and was given passage to northern India. Kawaguchi would later be accused of spying for Das, but there is no evidence for this, and a close reading of his diary makes it seem quite unlikely. Kawaguchi stayed in Darjeeling for several months living with a Tibetan family by Das' arrangement. He became fluent in the Tibetan language, which was at that time neither systematically taught to foreigners nor compiled, by talking to children and women on the street.
Crossing over the Himalayas on an unpatrolled dirt road with an untrustworthy guide, Kawaguchi soon found himself alone and lost on the Tibetan plateau. He had the good fortune to befriend every wanderer he met in the countryside, including monks, shepherds, and even bandits, but he still took almost four years to reach Lhasa after stopovers at a number of monasteries and a pilgrimage round sacred Mount Kailash in western Tibet. He posed as a Chinese monk and gained a reputation as an excellent doctor which led to him having an audience with the 13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso (1876 to 1933). He spent some time living in Sera Monastery.
Kawaguchi devoted his entire time in Tibet to Buddhist pilgrimage and study. Although he mastered the difficult terminology of the classical Tibetan language and was able to pass for a Tibetan, he was surprisingly intolerant of Tibetans' minor violations of monastic laws, and of the eating of meat in a country with very little arable farmland. As a result, he did not fit in well in monastic circles, instead finding work as a doctor of Chinese and Western medicine. His services were soon in high demand.
Kawaguchi spent his time in Lhasa in disguise and, following a tip that his cover had been blown, had to flee the country hurriedly. He almost petitioned the government to let him stay as an honest and apolitical monk, but the intimations of high-ranking friends convinced him not to. Even so, several of the people who had sheltered him were horribly tortured and mutilated. Kawaguchi was deeply concerned for his friends, and despite his ill health and lack of funds, after leaving the country he used all his connections to petition the Nepalese Prime Minister Chandra Shumsher Rana for help. On the Prime Minister's recommendation, the Tibetan Government released Kawaguchi's loyal Tibetan friends from jail. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekai_Kawaguchi Source Accessed Mar 19, 2021])
Leslie S. Kawamura was an Assistant Professor, Department of Religious Studies, University of Calgary, Alberta. He held a Ph.D. from the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, in Far Eastern Studies (1974). He studied at the Kyoto University (Japan) and taught at the Nyingma Institute (Berkeley), Institute of Buddhist Studies (Berkeley), and the University of Saskatchewan (Saskatoon). His publications include ''Mind in Buddhist Psychology'' (with H.V. Guenther, Dharma Press, 1975) and ''Golden Zephyr'' (Dharma Press, 1975). He was a founding member of the Honpa Buddhist Church of Alberta and the Canada-Mongolia Society. ([https://www.wlupress.wlu.ca/Contributors/K/Kawamura-Leslie Adapted from Source May 18, 2021]) +
Hiroko Kawanami is a social anthropologist and Buddhist studies scholar interested in gender and Buddhism, dissemination of knowledge and moral values, social justice and wellbeing, charismatic power(s) of monastic practitioners, and more recently on Buddhist orthodoxy and how heretical monks are created in Myanmar.
She is fluent in vernacular Myanmar and Japanese, can read classical Chinese and Pali, and has conducted research on the Buddhist monastic community in Myanmar for the last three decades.
Her most recent monographs are ''The Culture of Giving in Myanmar'' (2020 Bloomsbury) and ''Renunciation and Empowerment of Buddhist Nuns in Myanmar-Burma'' (2013 Brill) http://www.brill.com/renunciation-and-empowerment-buddhist-nuns-myanmar-burma. She has also also edited ''Buddhism, International Relief Work, and Civil Society'' (2013 Palgrave Macmillan) and ''Buddhism and the Political Process'' (2016 PM). ([https://www.research.lancs.ac.uk/portal/en/people/hiroko-kawanami(341ea850-733e-4a82-ae44-49389600e865).html Adapted from Source Nov 20, 2023]) +
Keutsang Rinpoche is a Gelugpa lama of the Tibetan Buddhist tradition. He was born in Lhoka, Tibet in 1944. He was recognized at the age of 2 as the fifth Keutsang Rinpoche. His previous incarnation, the fourth Keutsang Rinpoche, was a high Tibetan lama who was responsible for finding the reincanation of the 13th Dalai Lama, now the 14th Dalai Lama. The present Keutsang Rinpoche, was imprisoned for 20 years starting at the age of 16; he was imprisoned as a class enemy under the Chinese occupation of Tibet. He was released from prison in 1980, and in 1985, he left Tibet for India. He currently resides at H.H. the 14th Dalai Lama's residence in Dharmsala, India.
Source[http://www.deerparkcenter.org/NewFiles/keutsang.html] +
Assistant Professor Malcolm Keating’s research focuses on Indian philosophy, primarily Mīmāṃsā and Nyāya, with a secondary focus on their Buddhist interlocutors. He is concerned with philosophy of language and related topics such as epistemology and argumentation. His work inquires into questions such as how hearers interpret non-literal speech acts, what the boundary is between what is said and what is meant, how and whether we can know that we know, and what the role of pragmatics is in argumentation. He seeks to cross cultural and disciplinary boundaries by engaging across Indian and modern analytic Anglophone philosophy and by enlarging the scope of attention within Indian philosophy to include texts characterised as part of the “aesthetic” or Alaṃkāra tradition. ([https://www.yale-nus.edu.sg/about/faculty/malcolm-keating/ Source Accessed Oct 27, 2021]) +
Hee-Sung Keel is professor emeritus of comparative religion and Buddhist studies at Sogagng University in Seoul, Korea. He is the author of ''Chinul: The Founder of teh Korean Sǒn Tradition'', Berkeley Buddhist Studies Series 6 (Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies, 1984) and ''Understanding Shinran: A Dialogical Approach'', Nanzan Studies in Asian Religions 6 (Berkeley: Asian Humanities Press, 1995), as well as numerous works in Korean and English on Buddhism and interreligious studies. (Source: Robert E. Buswell Jr., "About the Contributors," in ''Currents and Countercurrents: Korean Influences on East Asian Buddhist Traditions'', University of Hawai'i Press, 2005, 277) +
Following Dogen Zenji, the Dharma lamp was transmitted to Ejo Zenji, then to Gikai Zenji, and then to Keizan Zenji, who was the fourth ancestor in the Japanese Soto Zen lineage.
Keizan Zenji was born in 1264 in Echizen Province, which is present-day Fukui Prefecture. His mother, Ekan Daishi, was a devoted believer in Kannon Bosatsu (Avalokiteshvara), the bodhisattva of compassion. It is said that she was on her way to worship at a building dedicated to Kannon when she gave birth. For that reason, the name that Keizan Zenji was given at birth was Gyosho.
At the age of eight, he shaved his head and entered Eiheiji where he began his practice under the third abbot, Gikai Zenji. At the age of thirteen, he again went to live at Eiheiji and was officially ordained as a monk under Ejo Zenji. Following the death of Ejo Zenji, he practiced under Jakuen Zenji at Hokyoji, located in present-day Fukui. Spotting Keizan Zenji’s potential ability to lead the monks, Jakuen Zenji selected him to be ino, the monk in charge of the other monks’ practice.
In contrast to Dogen Zenji, who deeply explored the internal self, Keizan Zenji stood out with his ability to look outwards and boldly spread the teaching. For the Soto Zen School, the teachings of these two founders are closely connected with each other. In spreading the Way of Buddha widely, one of them was internal in his approach while the other was external.
After more years of practice in Kyoto and Yura, Keizan Zenji became resident priest of Jomanji in Awa, which is present-day Tokushima Prefecture. He was twenty-seven years old. During the next four years, he gave the Buddhist precepts to more than seventy lay people. From this we can understand Keizan Zenji’s vow to free all sentient beings through teaching and transmitting the Way.
He also came forth emphasizing the equality of men and women. He actively promoted his women disciples to become resident priests. At a time when women were unjustly marginalized, this was truly groundbreaking. This is thought to be the origin of the organization of Soto Zen School nuns and it was for this reason many women took refuge in Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha.
Keizan Zenji finally moved back to Daijoji, in present-day Kanazawa City, where he became the second abbot, following Gikai Zenji. It was here that he gave teisho on Transmission of Light (Denkoroku). This book explains the circumstances by which the Dharma was transmitted from Shakyamuni Buddha through the twenty eight ancestors in India, the twenty three patriarchs in China, through Dogen Zenji and Keizan Zenji in Japan until Keizan’s teacher, Tettsu Gikai.
In 1321 at the age of fifty-eight, a temple called Morookaji in Noto, which is present-day Ishikawa Prefecture, was donated to Keizan Zenji and he renamed it Sojiji. This was the origin of Sojiji in Yokohama, which is, along with Eiheiji, the other Head Temple (Daihonzan) of the Soto Zen School.
Keizan Zenji did not, by any means, make light of the worldly interests of ordinary people and along with the practice of zazen used prayer, ritual, and memorial services to teach. This was attractive to many people and gave them a sense of peace. For this reason, the Soto Zen School quickly expanded.
Even in the Soto Zen School today, while all temples have zazen groups to serve the earnest requests of believers, they also do their best to fulfill the requests that many people have for benefiting in the everyday world, which include memorial services and funerals.
Keizan Zenji died in 1325 at the age of sixty-five. In succeeding years, his disciples did a good job in taking over for him at Sojiji on the Noto Peninsula. However, that temple was lost to fire in 1898. This provided the opportunity in 1907 to move Sojiji to its present location. The former temple was rebuilt as Sojiji Soin and continues today with many supporters and believers. (Source: [https://www.sotozen.com/eng/what/Buddha_founders/dogen_zenji.html Sotozen.com])
Christopher “Doc” Kelley received a PhD in Religion from Columbia University where he studied Indo-Tibetan Buddhism with Robert A. F. Thurman. He is a scholar of Buddhism and an adjunct professor in religious studies at Eugene Lang College of Liberal Arts, The New School University. He is also the co-founder of Consciousness Hacking NYC, and a founder and co-facilitator of Psychedelic Sangha. ([https://menla.org/teachers/dr-christopher-kelley/ Source Accessed May 13, 2021]) +
Raised on a farm in rural Massachusetts, Justin Kelley spent ten years living in and around Tibetan refugee communities in India and Nepal, studying Tibetan language, Buddhist philosophy, and meditative practices. In 2010, he founded Sacred Path, a conscious travel company specializing in pilgrimage to Buddhist sacred sites. He teaches throughout North America and South Asia in dharma centers and university settings. Justin finished his PhD under the tutelage of Dr. Anne C. Klein at Rice University in 2022, where he completed a dissertation that explores the life and teachings of two fourteenth century Tibetan masters, Longchen Rabjam and Rangjung Dorje. Justin is a husband and father. +
Birgit Kellner is an Austrian Buddhologist and Tibetologist. She studied Buddhology and Tibetology at University of Vienna, where she received a master's degree in 1994 under the supervision of Ernst Steinkellner, and at the Hiroshima University, where she earned her doctorate in 1999 under the supervision of Katsura Shōryū.
After a series of research projects, including as a Humboldt Fellow at the University of Hamburg, as well as a Visiting Professor at the University of California at Berkeley, she joined the University of Heidelberg in 2010 as Professor of Buddhist Studies within the Cluster of Excellence "Asia and Europe in a Global Context". In 2015, she returned to Austria to serve as the Director of the Institute for Cultural and Intellectual History of Asia in Vienna, part of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birgit_Kellner Source Accessed Nov 15 2019]) +
Casey Kemp received her Master’s degree from Oxford University in Tibetan Buddhist philosophy, and she has worked closely with the Drikung Kagyu monastic community in Europe and Asia. She is completing her PhD dissertation on the concept of luminosity in the early Tibetan Mahāmudrā tradition through the University of Vienna. She has translated and edited for 84000 and is a Snow Lion editor at Shambhala Publications. +
Ching Keng 耿晴 is Assistant Professor at the Department of Philosophy, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan. His field of research is Yogâcāra and Tathāgatagarbha thought in India and China during the medieval period. He has been part of various research projects studying Dharmapāla’s ''Commentary on the Viṃśikā of Vasubandhu'' and Dharmapāla’s ''Commentary on the Ālambanaparīkṣā of Dignāga'', Wŏnch’uk’s ''Commentary on the Saṃdhinirmocana-sūtra'', and the development of the Three-Nature theory (''trisvabhāva-nirdeśa'') in Yogâcāra. Among his publications are: his PhD dissertation, entitled “Yogâcāra Buddhism Transmitted or Transformed? Paramârtha (499-569 CE) and His Chinese Disciples” (2009); and journal articles such as "A Fundamental Difficulty Embedded in the Soteriology of Tathāgatagarbha Thought? – An Investigation Focusing on the ''Ratnagotravibhāga'' (2013), and "The Dharma-body as the Disclosure of Thusness: On the Characterization of the Dharma-body in the ''Nengduan jin’gang banruo boluomi jing shi''." (2014) (both written in Chinese). (Source: [https://buddhanature.tsadra.org/index.php/Books/A_Distant_Mirror ''A Distant Mirror''], 530–31) +
Professor Emeritus of Buddhist Ethics at the University of London, Goldsmiths. Research Interests include: Buddhist ethics: theoretical foundations and normative applications, with particular reference to medicine and biotechnology. ([https://www.gold.ac.uk/history/staff/d-keown/ Source: University Website Accessed June 25, 2020])
[https://networks.h-net.org/node/6060/pages/3571741/keown-damien H-Buddhism GENERATIONS OF BUDDHIST STUDIES Article] +
Johan Hendrik Caspar Kern (6 April 1833 – 4 July 1917) was a Dutch linguist and Orientalist. In the literature, he is usually referred to as H. Kern or Hendrik Kern; a few other scholars bear the same surname. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johan_Hendrik_Caspar_Kern Source Accessed Aug 11, 2021]) +
Professor Emeritus of Anthropology and International Studies, University of Washington, Seattle. Author of T''hailand: Buddhist Kingdom as Modern Nation State''; ''Finding Their Voice: Northeastern Thai Villagers and the Thai State''; and ''Golden Peninsula: Culture and Adaptation in Mainland Southeast Asia''. ([https://www.britannica.com/contributor/Charles-F-Keyes/4068 Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023]) +
Ven. Sangye Khadro has taught several retreats and courses at Sravasti Abbey, including Dealing with Difficult Emotions in 2017, Meditative Concentration retreat in 2018, and Peaceful Living, Peaceful Dying courses in 2019 and 2020.
California-born, Ven. Sangye Khadro ordained as a Buddhist nun at Kopan Monastery in 1974, and is a longtime friend and colleague of Abbey founder Ven. Thubten Chodron.
Ven. Sangye Khadro took the full (bhikshuni) ordination in 1988. While studying at Nalanda Monastery in France in the 1980s, she helped to start the Dorje Pamo Nunnery, along with Ven. Chodron.
Ven. Sangye Khadro has studied Buddhism with many great masters including Lama Zopa Rinpoche, Lama Yeshe, His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Geshe Ngawang Dhargyey, and Khensur Jampa Tegchok.
She began teaching in 1979 and was a resident teacher at Amitabha Buddhist Centre in Singapore for 11 years.
She followed the Masters Program at Lama Tsong Khapa Institute in Italy from 2008 – 2013, and was resident teacher at the FPMT center in Denmark from 2016–2017.
Ven. Sangye Khadro has authored several books, including the best-selling, ''How to Meditate'', now in its 17th printing, which has been translated into thirteen languages. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/community-member/sangye-khadro/ Source Accessed Nov 8, 2021]) +
A student of the the Fifth Tatsak Jedrung, Ngawang Chökyi Wangchuk, and the Fifth Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobzang Gyatso. +
Noor-un-Nisa Inayat Khan, GC (1 January 1914 – 13 September 1944), also known as Nora Inayat-Khan and Nora Baker, was a British resistance agent in France in World War II who served in the Special Operations Executive (SOE).
She was daughter of Inayat Khan, founder of the Sufi Order of the West, and elder sister to Pir Vilayat Inayat Khan. After the death of her father in 1927, 13-year-old Noor took on the responsibility for her grief-stricken mother and her younger siblings.
She went on to study child psychology at the Sorbonne, as well as music at the Paris Conservatory under Nadia Boulanger, composing for both harp and piano.
As a young woman, Noor also began a career as a writer, publishing her poetry and children's stories in English and French and becoming a regular contributor to children's magazines and French radio. In 1939, her book Twenty Jataka Tales, inspired by the Jataka tales of Buddhist tradition, was published in London by George G. Harrap and Co.
As an SOE agent under the codename Madeleine she became the first female wireless operator to be sent from the UK into occupied France to aid the French Resistance during World War II. Inayat Khan was captured after being betrayed, and executed at Dachau concentration camp. She was posthumously awarded the George Cross for her service in the SOE, the highest civilian decoration in the United Kingdom.
([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noor_Inayat_Khan Source Accessed Feb. 9, 2022].) +
Mindrolling Jetsün Khandro Rinpoche aka Tsering Paldrön (Tib. ཚེ་རིང་དཔལ་སྒྲོན་, Wyl. tshe ring dpal sgron) (b.1967) is the daughter of Kyabjé Minling Trichen Rinpoche and one of the most renowned Tibetan teachers currently teaching in the West.
She was recognized at the age of two by His Holiness the 16th Karmapa as the reincarnation of the great dakini of Tsurphu, Khandro Ugyen Tsomo, one of the most renowned female masters of her time. The present Khandro Rinpoche holds the lineages of both the Nyingma and Kagyü traditions.
Khandro Rinpoche has received teachings and transmissions from some of the most accomplished masters of the 20th century, including His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Minling Trichen, Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, Trulshik Rinpoche, Tenga Rinpoche, Taklung Tsetrul Rinpoche and Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche.
[Khandro] Rinpoche maintains a rigorous schedule, teaching from both the Kagyü and Nyingma traditions in the USA including Hawaii, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Spain, Germany, France, the Czech Republic and Greece. She has established and heads the Samten Tse Retreat Center in Mussoori, India, which is home to 30 nuns and also provides a place of study and retreat for monastics and western lay practitioners. [Khandro] Rinpoche is also resident teacher at the Lotus Garden Retreat Center in Virginia, USA, which she established to provide retreat practice, the study of important Buddhist texts, and visiting teachers from all lineages. [Khandro] Rinpoche is also actively involved with the Mindroling Monastery in Dehra Dun, India.
She also heads a variety of charitable projects that supply health care and Buddhist education for monastics and lay practitioners who work side by side in a variety of challenging settings—including a leprosy project. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Mindrolling_Jets%C3%BCn_Khandro_Rinpoche Source Accessed Oct 14, 2020]) +
Pema Khandro is a scholar-practitioner and teacher of Tibetan Buddhism. She is the founder of the non-profit organization Ngakpa International and oversees its projects, the Dakini Mountain Retreat Center, the Buddhist Studies Institute and the Yogic Medicine Institute.
Pema Khandro’s academic work specializes in the history of Dzogchen, women in Buddhism, and Tibet’s Buddhist yogis. She has a bachelor’s degree in Sociology, a a Master’s degree in Religious Studies specializing in Tibet, and a Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies from the University of Virginia. She is currently an Assistant Professor of Buddhist Studies and studies English, Tibetan and Chinese languages. ([https://pemakhandro.org/biography/ Source Accessed June 6, 2023]) +
Sangye Khandro has been a Buddhist since 1971 and a translator of the Dharma since 1976. She has helped to establish numerous centers in the USA and has served as translator for many prominent masters in all four lineages. Sangye has been the spiritual companion of the Venerable Gyatrul Rinpoche for nearly thirty years and has continued to help serve the centers established by her root teacher, Kyabje Dudjom Rinpoche, with whom she studied and practiced for many years. Sangye Khandro is one of the founders of the Light of Berotsana Translation Group. ([http://www.berotsana.org/sangye-khandro/ Source Accessed August 2014]) +
Khangsar Tenpa’i Wangchuk (1938–2014), aka Tulku Tenpo, was a monk and tertön of the Nyingma school. A revered master of his own tradition, he was also learned in the rigorous Geluk scholastic curriculum. While imprisoned for twelve years during the Cultural Revolution, he continued his dedicated practice alongside other great masters. He studied with Palyul Choktrul Jampal Gyepe Dorje, Akyong Tokden Rinpoche Lodrö Gyatso, and others. In his later years, he focused on teaching, writing, and restoring the monasteries of Khangsar Taklung and Payak in the region of Golok (mgo log), Tibet. His collected writings include commentaries on ''The Thirty-Seven Practices of a Bodhisattva'' ([[gyal sras lag len so bdun ma]]), ''Rigdzin Düpa'' ([[rig 'dzin 'dus pa]]), ''Tsik Sum Né Dek'' ([[tshig gsum gnad brdegs]]), Longchenpa's ''Neluk Dzö'' ([[gnas lugs mdzod]]) and ''Chöying Dzö'' ([[chos dbyings mdzod]]), and Shabkar's ''Flight of the Garuda'' ([[mkha' lding gshog rlabs]]). ([https://www.shambhala.com/authors/u-z/khangsar-tenpa-i-wangchuk.html Source Accessed Feb. .4, 2022]) +
Khenpo Kunga became a monk at a young age and began his education at Tergar monastery, where he studied the rituals, prayers, and other traditional practices of the Tibetan Buddhist tradition. At fifteen, he entered an extended meditation retreat and spent three years mastering the profound contemplative practices of the Kagyü lineage.<br> Following this period of intense meditation practice, he entered the renowned Dzongsar monastic college near Dharamsala in Northwest India. After studying there for eleven years and receiving his Khenpo degree (roughly equivalent to a PhD), he taught at Dzongsar college for three additional years. Khenpo Kunga’s primary teacher is Yongey Mingyur Rinpoche, though he has studied with many other revered masters as well.<br> In recent years, Khenpo Kunga has taught in Asia, Europe, and the United States as one of the main teachers for the worldwide network of Tergar monasteries, meditation centers, and meditation groups. ([https://tergar.org/about/instrtergar-lamas/ Source Accessed August 14, 2020]) +
Khenpo Shonri (Shonu Dondrup, gzhon nu don grub, 1938-2015) of Juniong Monastery was a disciple of Khenpo Thubga (Khenpo Thubten Chophel) and a custodian of many of Lama Mipham Rinpoche's and Patrul Rinpoche's relics. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond) +
Khenpo Yeshi received a B.A. in Religious Studies from UC Berkeley (2012), an M.A. in South and Southeast Asian Studies from UC Berkeley (2017), and is now a doctoral candidate. His research focuses on Tibetan Buddhism and the early development of the Dzogchen Heart Essence (Rdzogs chen snying thig) tradition, the highest section of the so-called Pith Instruction Teaching (Man ngag sde) of Dzogchen. His interests revolve around this contemplative system’s view, path, conduct, and fruition, as well as broader issues in Dzogchen’s relationship with other traditions in Tibet and beyond. +
King Trisong Deutsen (742-c.800/755-797 according to the Chinese sources) – the thirty-eighth king of Tibet, son of King Me Aktsom, second of the three great religious kings and one of the main disciples of Guru Rinpoche. It was due to his efforts that the great masters Śāntarakṣita and Guru Padmasambhava came from India and established Buddhism firmly in Tibet. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=King_Trisong_Detsen Rigpa Wiki]). +
Khenpo Lodrö Zangpo (Tib. མཁན་པོ་བློ་གྲོས་བཟང་པོ་, Wyl. mkhan po blo gros bzang po) (1924-1986) was one of Sogyal Rinpoche's tutors. He was from Tritso (khri tsho) Monastery in Derge, the same monastery as Khenpo Rinchen and Khenpo Lhoga. He studied with Khenpo Dragyab Lodrö together with Khenpo Appey. After coming into exile, he lived at Ngor Monastery in Gangtok, Sikkim. He was also a teacher of Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche. He passed away in Bodhgaya in the Fire Tiger year (1986) at the end of the sixteenth calendrical cycle. (Source: [http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Lodr%C3%B6_Zangpo Rigpa Wiki]) +
Khempo Tsenam was born in 1928 in the Derge Kingdom of DhoKhams in a place which is presently known as Troru Deshok, in the District of Terton, within the Chamdo region of the Autonomous Region of Tibet. From 1933-43 he lived as a monk in Troru monastery where he received his first tuition. Having learnt to read and write, he studied continuously and completed his training in the general skills related to monastic ritual. Under the guidance of the then Khempo (Professor) of Troru monastery, he received instruction in the three stages of Buddhist vows and in the most profound aspects of meditation of the Kagyu tradition. For the latter, he studied commentaries on the profound and secret yoga practices of Naropa and teachings on mahamudra, the meditation treasure of the Kagyu tradition which unveils the very nature of the human mind. From other teachers he received instruction in grammar and composition and teachings on both element-based and planetary astrology.
Having successfully completed this first phase of his education, he spent the years from 1943-46 in pilgrimage, going first to Lhasa and f rom there to India, Bhutan and Sikkim. In 1946 he returned to Eastern Tibet and after staying for a few months at his home. Throughout the earlier parts of his studies and his pilgrimage, the masters under whom he studied recognised a tremendous potential in him and encouraged him to carry his studies to their fullest conclusion. One of his traveling companions in particular, a Khempo (professor) of Katok monastery in Eastern Tibet, insisted that he pursue his education at Katok, as it was a very great seat of learning.
Shortly after his return to Tibet, Troru Tsenam did go to Katok monastic university where, for the five years up to 1951 he studied medicine, elemental and planetary astrology, poetic composition and the various fields of study proper to all the traditions of Buddhism, namely madhyamika, prajnaparamita, abhidharma and vinaya. Besides these, he received a thorough training in vajrayana Buddhism, becoming well-versed in both the Nyingma and the Kagyu traditions, whose theoretical teachings he mastered in their totality. In particular he became one of the rare person entrusted with the secret medicinal science of preparing "detoxified mercury". He received the latter teachings from Tachung Lama Tsering Chopel. Thus he became a physician-monk, learned in all domains and particularly gifted in medicine.
The monasteries in Tibet, like those of Europe in the Middle Ages, were major centres of learning and of medical study and practice. They served as bases from which lama-doctors would tour surrounding areas. The religious aspect of Tibetan medicine was a vital one: the whole science of medicine was presented as being teachings given by the Buddha, through his emanation as the Healing Buddha. The collecting of medicinal plants, their preparation and administration were all accompanied by prayer and performed as a semi-religious act. When medicines could not help the patient, specific healing religious ceremonies were performed. Besides providing this spiritual context to healing, the monasteries were important seats of medical study inasmuch as medical knowledge was seen as a key part of an overall education in the nature of the human condition and hence something which needed to be understood, in the Buddhist quest for a complete wisdom. Medicine forms the second of the five main fields of Buddhist study. ([https://www.khenpo.org/tara/khenpo.html Source Accessed Jan 27, 2023])
A disciple of Mipam Gyatso and author of a commentary on ''The Beacon of Certainty'' (''Nges shes rin po che'i sgron me'') titled ''Nges shes rin po che'i sgron me'i rnam bshad 'od zer dri med''. +
Khunu Lama Tenzin Gyaltsen was a teacher of His Holiness the Dalai Lama, especially for the ''Bodhicharyavatara'', for which he held Patrul Rinpoche’s lineage, having received it from one of the great khenpos at Dzogchen monastery.... (Keep reading at [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khunu_Lama_Tenzin_Gyaltsen Rigpa Wiki].)
Further details in [https://fpmt.org/wp-content/uploads/mandala/archives/mandala-for-2015/july/the_great_kindness_of_khunu_lama_rinpoche.pdf the story of Khunu Lama as told by Baling Lama]. +
Ngawang Tenzin Chökyi Gyaltsen (Wyl. ngag dbang bstan 'dzin chos kyi rgyal mtshan) aka the 11th Dzatrul Rinpoche was recognized by Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö, Karmapa Rangjung Rigpé Dorje and Trulshik Rinpoche as an incarnation of Ngawang Tenzin Norbu, a main master of the Mount Everest region and the root teacher of Trulshik Rinpoche. His predecessor was based in Rongpuk Monastery, on the northern slopes of Mount Everest.
Dzatrul Rinpoche received most of his education at Mindroling Monastery. There he studied with many masters but especially with Mewa Khenpo Tupten Özer, his root guru. He also received empowerments and nyingtik transmissions from Dudjom Rinpoche, as well as instructions on Shantideva’s Bodhicharyavatara and Dzogchen from Khunu Lama Tenzin Gyaltsen.
Dzatrul Rinpoche resides in Swayambhu, Nepal, where in 1983 he established a Tibetan Buddhist monastery, Shri Do Ngag Chöling. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Dzatrul_Rinpoche Source: Rigpa Wiki]) +
Dilgo Khyentse Tashi Peljor was one of the most prominent Nyingma lamas of the twentieth century, widely known also in the West. The mind reincarnation of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo, his seat was Shechen Monastery, which he reestablished in Boudhanath, Nepal, in 1980. After fleeing the Communist takeover of Tibet, Dilgo Khyentse settled in Bhutan. A prolific author and treasure-revealer, his compositions are collected in twenty-five volumes. Although he received novice vows at age ten, he never fully ordained, living the life of a householder with wife and children. ([http://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Dilgo-Khyentse-Tashi-Peljor/P625 Source: Treasury of Lives]) +
The present Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche, Thubten Chökyi Gyamtso, was born in 1961 in eastern Bhutan. He was recognized as a tulku by H.H. Sakya Trizin, and received empowerments and teachings from many of the greatest masters of Tibetan Buddhism, including H.H. the 16th Karmapa; H.H. Dudjom Rinpoche and Lama Sonam Zangpo (his paternal and maternal grandfathers); Chatral Rinpoche; Nyoshul Khen Rinpoche, Khenpo Appey, and many others. His root guru was Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, who began training Rinpoche from the age of 7.
While still a teenager, Rinpoche built a small retreat center in Ghezing, Sikkim and soon began traveling and teaching around the world. In the 1980s, he began the restoration of Dzongsar Monastery in Derge, the responsibility of which he had inherited from his previous incarnation, Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö. He established Dzongsar Institute in Bir, India, (now DKCLI in Chauntra), which has grown to be one of the most respected institutions for advanced dialectical study. He also oversees two monasteries in Bhutan and has established dharma centres in Australia, Europe, North America, and Asia. He has written several books and made award-winning films. Rinpoche continuously travels all over the world, practicing and teaching the Dharma. (Source: [https://khyentsefoundation.org/about-dzongsar-jamyang-khyentse-rinpoche/ Khyentse Foundation.org]) +
Khyungtrul Pema Wangchen Tendzin Trinley (1870-?) was born in the khyung po area of eastern Tibet, met Dza Patrul Rinpoche, Orgyen Jigme Chokyi Wangpo (dpal sprul o rgyan 'jigs med chos kyi dbang po, 1808-1887), and his main teachers were Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo ('jam dbyangs mkhyen brtse'i dbang po, 1820-1892) and Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Thaye ('jam mgon kong sprul blo gros mtha' yas, 1813-1899). He later became an influential teacher in central Tibet where he gave the transmission of the ''rin chen gter mdzod chen mo'' and other major ''rnying ma'' teachings. He was also a treasure discoverer (''gter ston'').
(Source: [[Khyung sprul pad+ma dbang chen bstan 'dzin phrin las kyi rnam thar]]: The Autobiography of Khyung Sprul Padma Dbang Chen Bstan 'Dzin Phrin Las. Delhi: Shechen Publications, 1995.) +
༧འཁོན་གདུང་ཨ་སངྒ་རིན་པོ་ཆེ་མཆོག་ནི་ས་སྐྱ་གོང་མའི་གདུང་བརྒྱུད་ཕུན་ཚོགས་ཕོ་བྲང་སྐྱབས་མགོན་གོང་མ་འཇིགས་བྲལ་བདག་ཆེན་རིན་པོ་ཆེ་ཡི་རིགས་རུས་སུ་འཁྲུངས་པ་དང་ཡུམ་ཕྱོགས་སྔར་འགྱུར་རྙིང་མའི་བླ་མ་སྐྱབས་རྗེ་ཁམས་སྤྲུལ་རིན་པོ་ཆེའི་ཚ་བོ་སུ་འཁྲུངས་ཡོད་པར་ཡིན་ནོ།།
His Eminence Khöndung Asanga Vajra Rinpoche is the son of H.E.Khöndung Ani Vajra Sakya Rinpoche, the second son of the Phuntsok Phodrang family and Dagmo Chimey la. He is also the youngest grandson of the His Holiness Jigdal Dagchen Dorjechang Rinpoche and therefore a direct descendant of the unbroken Khön lineage which dates back to 1073. His Eminence is also the grandson of H.E. Garje Khamtrul Rinpoche, a highly realized and accomplished Nyingmapa master on his mother’s side. ([https://www.asangasakya.com/about/ Source Accessed Feb 24, 2022]) +
Sophie Francis Kidd has worked as a lecturer in the English department of the University of Vienna. She has translated the work of Erich Frauwallner in ''Studies in Abhidharma Literature and the Origins of Buddhist Philosophical Systems'' (SUNY 1995). +
Petra Kieffer-Pülz studied Indology, Tibetology and Archaeology in Berlin, Basel, Bern and Göttungen. Her dissertation (concluded 1989 under the guidance of Prof. Dr. Heinz Bechert) deals with Buddhist monastic boundaries (sima).
From 1984-96 she was research assistant at the Sanskrit-Wörterbuch der Turfan-Funde (Academy of Sciences in Göttingen), from 2001-2007 research assistant at the Martin-Luther-University in Halle.
Main publications are: Die Sima. Vorschriften zur Regelung der buddhistischen Gemeindegrenze in älteren buddhistischen Texten, Berlin: Reimer-Verlag 1992; "Die buddhistische Gemeinde", in: Der Buddhismus I. Der indische Buddhismus und seine Verzweigungen, ed. Heinz Bechert et alii, Stuttgart: Kohlhammer-Verlag, 2000, pp. 281-402.([https://www.congress-on-buddhist-women.org/51.0-&L=220.html Source Accessed Nov 18, 2021]) +
John Kieschnick is The Robert H.N. Ho Family Foundation Professor of Buddhist Studies. Professor Kieschnick specializes in Chinese Buddhism, with particular emphasis on its cultural history. He is the author of the ''Eminent Monk: Buddhist Ideals in Medieval China'' and ''The Impact of Buddhism on Chinese Material Culture''. He is currently working on a book on Buddhist interpretations of the past in China, and a primer for reading Buddhist texts in Chinese. John is co-director of the Ho Center for Buddhist Studies at Stanford.
Ph.D., Stanford University (1996); B.A., University of California at Berkeley (1986). ([https://religiousstudies.stanford.edu/people/john-kieschnick Source Accessed June 18, 2020])
[https://religiousstudies.stanford.edu/sites/g/files/sbiybj5946/f/kieschnick_2020_c.v._long_0.pdf CV] +
Gavin Kilty has been a full-time translator for the Institute of Tibetan Classics since 2001. Before that he lived in Dharamsala, India, for fourteen years, where he spent eight years training in the traditional Geluk monastic curriculum through the medium of class and debate at the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics. He has also taught Tibetan language courses in India, Nepal, and elsewhere, and is a translation reviewer for the organization 84000, Translating the Words of the Buddha. He received the 2017 Shantarakshita Award from Tsadra Foundation for his translation of ''A Lamp to Illuminate the Five Stages''. Other published translations are ''The Fourteenth Dalai Lama's Stages of the Path, Volume 1'' (2022), ''The Life of My Teacher'' (2017), ''Mirror of Beryl'' (2010), ''Ornament of Stainless Light'' (2004), and '' The Splendor of an Autumn Moon'' (2001). ([https://conference.tsadra.org/session/special-address-2017-shantarakshita-award/ Source: Tsadra Foundation]) +
Seong-cheol KIM is a member of the Department of Buddhist Studies, Dongguk University. +
Young-ho Kim was an Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Inha University in Korea. He is the author of ''Tao-Sheng's Commentary on the Lotus Sūtra: A Study and Translation'' (SUNY Press, 1990). This work was originally presented as a doctoral thesis at McMaster University in Ontario in 1985, under the supervision of [[Yün-hua Jan]]. +
Young-suk Kim is a Ph.D. Candidate of Buddhist Studies at Dongguk University. (To be updated) +
Joseph Kimmel is serving as Instructor in Graeca during the 2020–21 academic year. He recently earned a Teaching Certificate from Harvard University’s Bok Center for Teaching and Learning, and has been awarded multiple Certificates of Distinction in Teaching from the Bok Center for his work as a teaching fellow. He has served in this capacity (and as head teaching fellow) in a variety of courses both at Harvard Divinity School and Harvard College, and also has worked as a visiting lecturer at a college in Nepal. His dissertation in progress focuses on ancient Mediterranean perceptions and uses of proper names as tools of power, especially as presented in early Christian texts and amulets. ([https://hds.harvard.edu/people/joseph-kimmel Source Accessed Apr 1, 2021]) +
Kiyotaka Kimura is Professor Emeritus of Buddhist Studies at Tokyo University and the former President of Tsurumi University. He is Chairman of Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai (BDK - Society for the Promotion of Buddhism). +
Professor Richard King studied philosophy and religious studies at the University of Hull before completing a PhD on Hindu and Buddhist philosophy at the University of Lancaster. He has worked in a number of different universities including Stirling, Derby, Vanderbilt (Nashville, USA), Glasgow and has been at the University of Kent since 2013.
Richard describes himself as a philosopher and a historian of ideas by inclination with an interest in classical South Asian thought and postcolonial theory. His work explores the intersection between what we call philosophy and mysticism/spirituality and the ways in which European colonialism has influenced (and continues to influence) modern interpretations of classical Indian traditions.
Richard's research explores interdisciplinary issues in the intersection between Religious Studies, Philosophy, the comparative study of mysticism/spirituality and the study of Asia. He works on theory and method questions in the study of religion (see Religion/Theory/Critique, Columbia University Press, 2017) and, in particular, has written about the impact of coloniality/modernity on the representation of Hindu and Buddhist traditions in the West.
He is one of a number of key writers who have called into question the usefulness of the category of religion as a cross-cultural variable, especially with regard to the history of South Asian traditions. He is also known for his writings on colonialism and the modern formation of the category of Hinduism. More specifically, Richard is a specialist of classical Indian (Hindu Brahmanical and Buddhist) thought, with specific interests in early Indian Mahayana Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta.
Richard has a particular interest in postcolonial theory and the challenges involved in seeking to globalise and expand philosophy beyond its western horizons. (see Orientalism and Religion, Routledge; and Indian Philosophy, 2000). He is also interested in the impact that neoliberal capitalism has played in the emergence of new forms of eastern-inspired spirituality in the contemporary period (see Selling Spirituality, Carrette and King, Routledge, 2005).
From 2007 to 2009 Richard served on the advisory committee to the Guggenheim Museum in New York for 'The Third Mind. a major exhibition exploring Asian philosophical influences on modern American art and also as co-chair of the Cultural History for the Study of Religion group for the American Academy of Religion.
From 2017-2020 he is co-investigator for a Leverhulme Trust funded research project which seeks to map mindfulness training provision in the UK (Twitter: @MapMindful)
Richard's current research work explores apophatic (that is, negative or ‘unsaying’) discourse in classical Buddhist, Vedantic and Christian literature and the ways in which these trends have been largely excluded from the history of philosophy and framed by the category of mysticism. He is also working on the rise of 'mindfulness” in the 21st-century, exploring how an ancient Buddhist meditative practice became a modern secular therapy now widely adopted in healthcare, business and military contexts. ([https://www.kent.ac.uk/european-culture-languages/people/1663/www.kent.ac.uk/european-culture-languages/people/1663/king-richard Source Accessed Dec 9, 2019])
[https://www.kent.ac.uk/european-culture-languages/people/1663/www.kent.ac.uk/european-culture-languages/people/1663/king-richard#publications Publications]
King, a Quaker and Buddhist, is Professor Emerita of Philosophy and Religion at James Madison University and Affiliated Faculty, Professor of Buddhist Studies, Department of Theology, Georgetown University. She is the author, co-editor or translator of numerous works on Buddhism, Engaged Buddhism, Buddhist-Christian dialogue, interfaith dialogue, and the cross-cultural philosophy of religion. ([https://esr.earlham.edu/node/962 Source Accessed July 24, 2020]) +
Professor Emeritus of Vanderbilt University, having also taught at Grinnell and Oberlin Colleges and Colorado State University in the history of religions, specializing in Buddhism. His books include In the ''Hope of Nibbana'', ''A Thousand Lives Away'', ''Death was His Kōan'', and ''Zen and the Way of the Sword''. +
Monika Kirloskar-Steinbach is Professor of Philosophy at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Netherlands, founding co-editor of the ''Journal of World Philosophies'' and is the journal’s current editor-in-chief. +
David Kittelstrom is a senior editor at Wisdom Publications, where he has worked since 1993, and staff editor for The Library of Tibetan Classics, Studies in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism, Teachings of the Buddha, and Classics of Indian Buddhism series. He is not himself a translator but has had the good fortune to work closely with many. ([http://conference-wp.tsadra.org/2017-conference/2017-speakers/ Source]) +
Minoru ("Min") Kiyota was born on October 12, 1923 in Seattle, Washington and grew up in San Francisco, California and Hiratsuka, Japan, where he lived from 1934 to 1938.
While merely a high-school student, he was interned as an American-born but Japan-educated offspring of Japanese parents (''kibei'') in relocation centers in Tanforan, Topaz, and Tule Lake in 1942 during World War II. In his autobiographical account, ''Beyond Loyalty: The Story of a Kibei'' (1997), and in a chapter in his edited volume, ''The Case of Japanese Americans During World War II: Suppression of Civil Liberty'' (2004), he described his experiences during this difficult period of his life.
After his release from Tule Lake Segregation Center in 1946, he accepted a scholarship to the College of the Ozarks in Arkansas and later transferred to the University of California at Berkeley, where he received his B.A. in East Asian Languages and History in 1949. Min attended the San Francisco Theological Seminary from 1949 to 1950 and worked as a civilian employee of the U.S. Air Force Intelligence Service in Japan and
Korea from 1950 to 1953 during the Korean War. He continued to stay in East Asia, attending Tokyo University in Tokyo, Japan from 1953 to 1962, where received his M.A. in 1958 and completed his Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies in 1963.
In 1962 Min joined the Department of Indian Studies (later renamed the Department of South Asian Studies and currently designated as the Department of Languages and Cultures of Asia - LCA) of the
University of Wisconsin-Madison as an Assistant Professor. He was promoted to Associate Professor with a joint appointment with the Department of East Asian Languages and Literature in 1968. In 1978 he rose to the rank of Professor.
Min's research interests were wide-ranging but his main area of teaching and scholarship was Mahāyāna Buddhism in East Asia. He emphasized textual research, requiring rigorous training in Sanskrit, Chinese and
Japanese. In 1989 Min also started teaching Kendō (a Japanese martial art, which descended from traditional swordsmanship) as a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Kinesiology. His "Kendo: An Integration of Martial and Liberal Arts," cross-listed with the Department of East Asian Languages and Literature and the Department of Languages and Cultures of Asia, was the first and only course of its kind taught in a university setting in the USA. Min used his Kendō class to teach Zen Buddhism as the philosophical foundation of Kendō. He stressed the importance of Kendō as a way to overcome fear, to develop one-pointed concentration (for better study habits), to grow personally, and to understand different cultural perspectives on life.
During the course of his employment at UW-Madison, Min published twelve books, numerous articles and book chapters, and supervised thirty-two Ph.D. students, a great number of whom found positions at colleges
and major universities in the United States, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Vietnam.
Among his books on Buddhism, ''Shingon Buddhism: Theory and Practice'' (1978) is a pioneering study of esoteric Buddhism in Japan and remains an important reference work on the subject. Min is best known for his edited volume ''Mahāyāna Buddhist Meditation'', published in 1978 and reprinted in 1991.
Min also published on Kendō, most importantly his comprehensive work ''Kendo: Its Philosophy, History and Means to Personal Growth'' (1995), republished as ''The Shambhala Guide to Kendo'' (2002). ([https://federated.kb.wisc.edu/images/group222/shared/2014-02-03FacultySenate/2463mr.pdf Source Accessed Jan 14, 2020])
Anne Carolyn Klein (Rigzin Drolma), Professor and Former Chair of Religious Studies, Rice University, and Founding Director of Dawn Mountain. (www.dawnmountain.org). Her six books include ''Heart Essence of the Vast Expanse: A Story of Transmission''; ''Meeting the Great Bliss Queen'', ''Knowledge & Liberation, and Paths to the Middle'' as well as ''Unbounded Wholeness'' with Geshe Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche. She has also been a consulting scholar in several Mind and Life programs. Her central thematic interest is the interaction between head and heart as illustrated across a spectrum of Buddhist descriptions of the many varieties of human consciousness. ([https://www.colorado.edu/event/lotsawa/presenters/anne-klein Source Accessed July 24, 2020]) +
Deborah Klimburg-Salter is an art historian. She is Professor emerita of Asian Art History at the Institute
of Art History, University of Vienna, Director of the research platform CIRDIS (Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Documentation Inner and South Asia) and Associate of the Department of South Asian Studies, Harvard University. Her research specializes on Northern India, Tibet and Central Asia. Emphasis on the monastic arts and cultural history of the early medieval periods. Her publications include: with L. Lojda, ed. ''Changing Forms and Cultural Identity: Religious and Secular Iconographies''. Brepols: Turnhout. 2014; "The Tibetan Himalayan Style: The Art of the Western Domains 8th–11th.” In ''Cultural Flows Across the Western Himalaya'', edited by P. McAllister, H. Krasser, and C. Scherrer-Schaub, 313–360. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2014. ([https://brill.com/display/book/9789004307438/B9789004307438_001.xml Source Accessed Aug 1, 2023]) +
Also known as Klong chen pa (Longchenpa). An esteemed master and scholar of the Rnying ma sect of Tibetan Buddhism known especially for his promulgation of rdogs chen. Klong chen pa is believed to be the direct reincarnation of Padma las 'brel rtsal, who revealed the ''Rdzogs chen snying thig'', and also of Padma gsal, who first received those teachings from the Indian master Padmasambhava. Born in the central region of G.yo ru (Yoru), he received ordination at the age of twelve. At nineteen, he entered Gsang phu ne'u thog monastery where he engaged in a wide range of studies, including philosophy, numerous systems of sūtra and tantra, and the traditional Buddhist sciences, including grammar and poetics. Having trained under masters as diverse as the abbots of Gsang phu ne'u thog and the third Karma pa, Rang 'byung rdo rje, he achieved great scholarly mastery of numerous traditions, including the Rnying ma, Sa skya, and Bka' brgyud sects. However, Klong chen pa quickly became disillusioned at the arrogance and pretention of many scholars of his day, and in his mid-twenties gave up the monastery to pursue the life of a wandering ascetic. At twenty-nine, he met the great yogin Kumārarāja at Bsam yas monastery, who accepted him as a disciple and transmitted the three classes of rdzogs chen (rdzogs chen sde gsum), a corpus of materials that would become a fundamental part of Klong chen pa's later writings and teaching career . . . Among the most important and well-known works in Klong chen pa's extensive literary corpus are his redaction of the meditation and ritual manuals of the heart essence (Snying thig), composed mainly in the hermitage of Gangs ri thod dkar. Other important works include his exegesis on the theory and practice of rdzogs chen, such as the Mdzod bdun (“seven treasuries”) and the Ngal gso skor gsum (“Trilogy on Rest”). (Source: “Klong chen rab 'byams.” In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 439. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)
Ria was born in a R.C. family in Utrecht briefly before the end of World War II. She entered Utrecht University in 1964 to read Law for two years, and Indian Languages and Cultures with the famous Prof. Jan Gonda for six years, to which she added courses in Religious Studies and Cultural Anthropology in Leiden University. In later life, she fondly remembered seminars in Leiden by Prof. Fokke Sierksma, the rebellious disciple of Van der Leeuw and first post-Christian scholar of religions in Dutch Faculties of Theology, on themes such as hair as symbol of sex and gender, and on messianic and apocalyptic movements. She earned her MA-degree in Indian Languages and Cultures in 1970 with a major in Buddhism, Sanskrit and Pali, and
minors in Comparative Religion, Ancient Javanese and Tibetan, and an MA-thesis on Suicide in Buddhism, in which she investigated the recent public self-immolations of Buddhist monks in Vietnam in protest against the war.
She was appointed a junior lecturer in Buddhism in the Faculty of Theology of Utrecht University in 1970. Under Gonda’s guidance, she continued to work on ‘the concept of the ''Paccekabuddha'' in Pali canonical and commentarial literature’, on which she earned her PhD-degree in 1974. It dealt with the Buddhist ascetic who is ‘an enlightened one by himself’: he dies without having taught ''dhamma'' to others. It was her second publication, for in 1973 she had published already a critical edition of ''Catuşparişatsūtra'', the ''Sūtra on the Foundation of the Buddhist Order.'' She loved this kind of philological work but was quite fastidious in it by demanding from herself and her students that translations not only reflect accurately the contents of a text but also its literary qualities. In this vein she published a translation into Dutch of Sāntideva’s ''Bodhicaryāvatāra'' (‘The Path of the Bodhisattva’) from the Sanskrit in 1980, and, with her students, the ''Bhagavadgita'' in 1997, also from the Sanskrit, and ''Theratherigatha'', ‘The Verses of the ''Theri'' ’, (enlightened males and females), from the Pali in 1998 and 2000. Two more unfinished translation projects will be completed by one of her former students.
Ria became a Senior Lecturer in the Utrecht Faculty of Theology in 1975, but also taught part time at Tilburg University from 1978 to 1981, and from 1981 to 1984 at the University of Groningen. She became a full professor in Living Religions and the Comparative Study of Religions in 1988 in the Utrecht Faculty, the first woman ever to hold a full professorship in a Dutch faculty of theology. In her inaugural address she discussed the Buddha as ‘the teacher of the world and the trainer of humans’. She herself was also an excellent teacher. She knew how to join the Buddhist past and its historical diversity with modern developments in Asia and Europe, e.g. by inviting a Buddhist monk or nun, or a Dutch lay Buddhist, into her classes as examples how Buddhism might permeate a person’s life also in modern Western societies. Though many of the Utrecht students were hardly receptive to critical scholarship on religions because of the orthodox Christian theology they espoused, a few were much inspired by it. For them, Ria was much more than merely an inspiring teacher. She invited some into her home for all night discussions, music and dance, and a breakfast in her garden in the early morning. For others she conducted, at their request, travel tours to Nepal, Sri Lanka and Thailand where she was conducting research. Ria supervised ten PhDs, four of which were awarded a ''cum laude''. ([https://jangplatvoet.nl/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Ria-Kloppenborg.In-Memoriam.pdf Source Accessed Mar 19, 2021])
Jim Kodera is committed to the academic study of religion from the historical and comparative perspective, with a focus on Asia, broadly including both East Asia and South Asia. More specifically, he offers courses on Buddhism from its origin in India through its development in Tibet, China, Korea, Japan and the West and is also interested in the inner relationship between a contemplative life and social and political responsibility, involving a variety of religious and cultural traditions.
At Wellesley, he helped develop Japanese Studies as part of East Asian Studies Program and Asian American Studies as part of American Studies.
Earlier research focused on individuals and issues in East Asian Buddhism, especially in the Ch’an/Zen tradition. Kodera has written on the place and the role of Christianity in East Asia, including the Jesuits in the 16th century and Uchimura Kanzo. More recently, his research has focused on the plight of “Untouchables” in India (Dalits) and Japan (Burakumin). He is in an early stage of research on Nagasaki from Francis Xavier, who arrived in Nagasaki in 1549, and Takashi Nagai, affected by radiation after the atomic bomb and yet turned Nagasaki into the “City of Prayer” as it remains today, in contrast to Hiroshima. ([http://rippleffectne.com/speaker/t-james-kodera/ Source Accessed May 7, 2020]) +
Sherab Chödzin Kohn (Michael Kohn) passed away on January 21, 2020.
Sherab did his dissertation at the Sorbonne, after which he jumped into publishing as a copyeditor for U Penn, then a senior editor at Encyclopedia Britannica on religion and philosophy. He became a student of Trungpa Rinpoche, later becoming his personal representative in Europe. He edited nine of his books and teachings including Mudra, Dawn of Tantra, Orderly Chaos, Crazy Wisdom, Lion's Roar, Illusion's Game, The Path is the Goal, Political Treatise, and Work, Sex, Money.
Sherab authored our Awakened One (now published as A Life of the Buddha) and co-edited Entering the Stream (now published as The Buddha and His Teachings). And he is the author of our forthcoming Bala Kids book on Padmasambhava.
He also translated many books for us from German, and French: Anytime Yoga, Siddhartha, Singapore Dreams, Samurai Wisdom Stories, Inner Art of Karate, Natural Laws of Children, True Love, You Are Here, Miyamoto Musashi, Rilke’s Stories of God, The Prince and the Zombie, A Pleas for the Animals, Archetypal Dimensions of the psych, Meditation for Kids, Francoise Cheng’s Empty and Full, A Concise Dictionary of Buddhism and Zen, The Compassionate Brain, The Very Lowly (originally published as The Secret of Francis of Assisi), and Ayya Khema’s Give You My Life. And that is just for us – he did occasional work for others too. (Source: [https://www.shambhala.com/passing-of-sherab-chodzin-kohn/ Shambhala Publications])
Michael Kohn's library was [[:Category: Michael Kohn Donation 2020|donated to Tsadra Foundation after his passing]]. +
Yaroslav Komarovski (Ph.D. University of Virginia, 2007) teaches and conducts research on Asian religions, in particular Tibetan Buddhism, at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. His research focuses on Madhyamaka and Yogācāra interpretations of the nature of reality and related epistemological, philosophical, and contemplative issues. In particular, he focuses on writings of a seminal Tibetan Buddhist thinker Shakya Chokden (1428–1507) who articulated a startlingly new reconsideration of the core areas of Buddhist thought and practice, such as epistemology, ethics, tantric rituals, and the relationship between philosophy and contemplation. ([https://www.unl.edu/classics/yaroslav-komarovski Source Accessed July 24, 2020])
[https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/do/search/?q=author_lname%3A%22Komarovski%22%20AND%20author_fname%3A%22Yaroslav%22&start=0&context=52045&sort=date_desc&facet= Papers by Dr. Komarovski available for free online here]!
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=glmGrQwmbqE Video of a presentation on Madhyamaka & Methodology: A Symposium on Buddhist Theory and Method] +
Khenchen Konchog Gyaltsen Rinpoche, born in Tsari, Tibet in the spring of 1946, came to the West in the early 1980’s to found the Tibetan Meditation Center in Washington, D.C. The only Khenchen in the Drikung lineage, Rinpoche completed a nine-year course of study at the Central Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies in Varanasi, India beginning in 1967. ([https://drikungtucson.org/our-teachers/khenchen-konchog-gyaltsen-rinpoche/ Source Accessed Jan 30, 2020]) +
Sten Konow (17 April 1867 – 29 June 1948) was a Norwegian Indologist. He was professor of Indic philology at the Christiania University, Oslo, from 1910, moving to Hamburg University in 1914, where he was professor for Indian history and culture. He returned to Oslo as professor for Indian languages and history in 1919.
He translated Rajasekhara's ''Karpuramanjari'', which was published as volume 4 of the Harvard Oriental Series in 1901. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sten_Konow Source Accessed Aug 17, 2021]) +
Jack Kornfield trained as a Buddhist monk in the monasteries of Thailand, India and Burma. He has taught meditation internationally since 1974 and is one of the key teachers to introduce Buddhist mindfulness practice to the West. After graduating from Dartmouth College in Asian Studies in 1967 he joined the Peace Corps and worked on tropical medicine teams in the Mekong River valley. He met and studied as a monk under the Buddhist master Ven. Ajahn Chah, as well as the Ven. Mahasi Sayadaw of Burma. Returning to the United States, Jack co-founded the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, Massachusetts, with fellow meditation teachers Sharon Salzberg and Joseph Goldstein and the Spirit Rock Center in Woodacre, California. Over the years, Jack has taught in centers and universities worldwide, led International Buddhist Teacher meetings, and worked with many of the great teachers of our time. He holds a Ph.D. in clinical psychology and is a father, husband and activist.
His books have been translated into 20 languages and sold more than a million copies. They include, ''A Wise Heart: A Guide to the Universal Teachings of Buddhist Psychology''; ''A Path with Heart''; ''After the Ecstasy, the Laundry''; ''Teachings of the Buddha''; ''Seeking the Heart of Wisdom''; ''Living Dharma''; ''A Still Forest Pool''; ''Stories of the Spirit, Stories of the Heart''; ''Buddha's Little Instruction Book''; ''The Art of Forgiveness, Lovingkindness and Peace''; ''Bringing Home the Dharma: Awakening Right Where You Are''; and his most recent book, ''No Time Like the Present: Finding Freedom, Love, and Joy Right Where You Are''. ([https://jackkornfield.com/bio/ Source Accessed March 6, 2020])
===Teachings on Buddha-nature===
* Awakening to Your Buddha Nature: https://www.spiritrock.org/buddha-nature
* Finding Buddha Nature in the Midst of Difficulty Meditation: https://jackkornfield.com/finding-buddha-nature-in-the-midst-of-difficulty/
* Your Buddha Nature: Teachings on the Ten Perfections: https://www.soundstrue.com/store/your-buddha-nature-507.html
Robin Kornman is best known for his work as a Tibetan Buddhist scholar, as well as a founding member of the Nalanda Translation Committee. Up until his death, he had spent many years working on an English translation of the Tibetan (living) epic Gesar of Ling — it is his work on this translation that has gained him the most recognition. A longtime student of Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche, Kornman had been co-director of Trungpa Rinpoche's first Shambhala Buddhist retreat center in North America, Karmê Chöling, when first established in 1970.[1]
Having earned his Ph.D. degree from Princeton University, Kornman was a professor of Comparative Literature at the University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, published various translations and articles dealing with Buddhism, and acted as a meditation instructor and mentor to the Shambhala Buddhist Community.
Source[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_Kornman] +
Aaron K. Koseki received his PhD in Buddhist Studies from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1977 under the supervision of Minoru Kiyota. His dissertation is entitled "Chi-tsang's Ta-ch'eng-hsüan-lun: The Two Truths and the Buddha-Nature." Some of his articles include: "Prajñāpāramitā and the Buddhahood of the Non-Sentient World: The San-Lun Assimilation of Buddha-Nature and Middle Path Doctrine," ''Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies'' 3/1 (1980), "Later Mādhyamika in China: Some Current Perspectives on the History of Chinese Prajñāpāramitā Thought," ''Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies'' 5/2 (1982), "Chi-tsang's ''Sheng-man pao-k'u'': The True Dharma Doctrine and the Bodhisattva Ideal," ''Philosophy East and West'' 34, no. 1, (1984), "The concept of practice in San Lun thought: Chi-tsang and the 'concurrent insight' of the Two Truths," ''Philosophy East and West'' 31, no. 4, (1981), and a review of Minoru Kiyota's book ''Shingon Buddhism: Theory and Practice'', ''Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies'' 1/2 (1979). +
Jobst Koss is a psychotherapist and has been studying Tibetan Buddhism and the Tibetan language for over 25 years. He is the editor of several books on Buddhism. ([https://www.amazon.de/Die-Lebensf%C3%BChrung-Geiste-Erleuchtung-Bodhisattvacharyavatara/dp/3896202251/ref=pd_rhf_dp_p_img_1?_encoding=UTF8&psc=1&refRID=3SSQKX67FGDJ1K93WVWH Source Accessed Jan 8, 2021]) +
Kenneth Lewis Kraft (July 16, 1949-October 1, 2018) was a professor of Buddhist studies and Japanese religions (emeritus) at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.
====Education====
Kraft received a B.A. from Harvard University in 1971. He holds an M.A. in Asian Languages and Cultures from the University of Michigan (1978) and a Ph.D. in East Asian Studies from Princeton University (1984).
====Career====
In 1984, Kraft became a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard's Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies. He joined the Lehigh University faculty in 1990 and was appointed a full professor in 2001. At Lehigh he has served as chair of the Religion Studies department and director of the College Seminar Program.
He was a visiting professor at the Stanford University Japan Center and a visiting scholar at the International Research Institute for Zen Buddhism, both in Kyoto. He also taught at the University of Pennsylvania and Swarthmore College.
Kraft has served on the advisory boards of the Buddhist Peace Fellowship in Berkeley, California; the Forum on Religion and Ecology at Yale University; the ''Journal of Buddhist Ethics''; the Rochester Zen Center; and the World Faiths Development Dialogue in Washington DC.
In 1992, he was featured in "The Creative Spirit," a PBS television series. In 2008, he participated in "Secrets of the Samurai Sword," a NOVA documentary, and, in 2009, "Inquiry into the Great Matter: A History of Zen Buddhism," an independent film.
In his early research, Kraft explored the transmission of Zen from China to Japan in the 13th and 14th centuries. Zen master Daitō, a seminal figure in this process, is best known as an exemplar of post-enlightenment training. Kraft documented Daitō's life, his teaching, and his role in the development of capping phrases (''jakugo''), a form of spiritual/literary commentary.
The transmission of Zen from Asia to the West accelerated after World War II. In 1988, Kraft edited ''Zen: Tradition and Transition'', a collaboration by present-day Zen teachers and scholars. It addressed some of the same issues that had arisen in Daitō's era: What is real Zen? What are the criteria of authenticity?
Buddhism's encounter with the West in the 20th century inspired an international movement known as engaged Buddhism. Its leaders include the 14th Dalai Lama and Thích Nhất Hạnh. Kraft began writing about engaged Buddhism in the mid-1980s, at the height of the Cold War. Some of the underlying concerns can be framed as questions: What do Buddhist ethical principles signify today? What is the relation between work on oneself and work in the world? Does Buddhist nonviolence call for unwavering opposition to war, or are there exceptions?
Some observers challenge the apparent newness of engaged Buddhism. Columbia University scholar Thomas Yarnall has criticized the work of Kraft and other "modernists" who "appropriate, own, and reinvent Buddhism from the ground up." In Yarnall's view, engaged Buddhism should be seen as a revival of original Buddhism, which was more engaged than is usually assumed.
Buddhism may have resources that are freshly relevant in a time of ecological crisis. Dharma Rain: Sources of Buddhist Environmentalism, an anthology coedited in 2000 by Kraft and Stephanie Kaza, was an early contribution to an emerging field. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenneth_Kraft Source Accessed Sep 17, 2021])
Jowita Kramer is professor of Indology at the Institute for Indology and Central Asian Studies. She specializes in Indian and Indo-Tibetan Buddhism, with particular focus on the psychological concepts of the Yogācāra tradition. Her research interests also include aspects of authorship and intertextuality in Buddhist literature. She is the author of a monograph on the Yogācāra concept of the “five categories” (vastu) and numerous publications on the Pañcaskandhakavibhāṣā, a 6th-century commentary by the Indian scholar Sthiramati. Before joining the University of Leipzig, Jowita Kramer has held positions at the Universities of Heidelberg and Munich, the University of Oxford, the University of California, Berkeley, and at the École Pratique des Hautes Études in Paris. ([https://www.gkr.uni-leipzig.de/en/profile/mitarbeiter/prof-dr-jowita-kramer Source Accessed June 29, 2023]) +
Ralf Kramer (born 1971) studied Tibetan, Japanese, and Social Anthropology at the Universities of Hamburg and London. He was Aris Librarian for Tibetan & Himalayan Studies at the Bodleian Library, University of Oxford (2000–2005), before working on a project funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) at the University of Munich (2006–2007). He is currently employed as Tibetan specialist at the Bavarian State Library in Munich. +
Georgi Krastev M.A. is currently a University of Vienna, Department of South Asian, Tibetan, and Buddhist Studies graduate student. He is a freelance translator at the Khyentse Foundation. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/georgi-krastev-m-a-583456142/?originalSubdomain=at Source Accessed Sep 7, 2021]) +
Senior translator and student of Khenpo Chöga (b.1965) – a teacher at Shri Singha Shedra. Known online for translation of Khenpo Kunpal’s Commentary on Shantideva’s Bodhicaryavatara, [http://www.kunpal.com/ which can be found here]. Also see http://www.dzogchenlineage.org/bca.html. +
Robert Kritzer is professor emeritus, Kyoto Notre Dame University. he received his Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies from the University of California, Berkeley. His research interests, mainly in Indian Buddhism, include Abhidharma, early Yogācāra, and Buddhist theories of rebirth. His most recent book is ''Garbhāvakrāntisūtra: The Sūtra on Entry into the Womb'' (The International Institute for Buddhist Studies, 2014). ([https://notredame.academia.edu/RobertKritzer Adapted from Source Apr 29, 2022]) +
Adam’s dissertation, "The Seven Siddhi Texts: The Oḍiyāna Mahāmudrā Lineage in its Indic and Tibetan Contexts," focuses on an early corpus of Vajrayāna Buddhist texts that came to be known in Nepal and Tibet as part of a larger canon of Indian works on ‘the great seal’ or ''mahāmudrā''. In addition to providing text-critical historical analyses of these works, his dissertation focuses on larger issues such as a revaluation of demonology as an analytic paradigm for critical historical research in South Asian religions, inter-sectarian dynamics in the formulation of the Vajrayāna, and practical canonicity and curriculum in tantric Buddhist textual communities. His recently published work is titled "Pakpa’s Verses on Governance in ''Advice to Prince Jibik Temür: A Jewel Rosary''," published in a special issue of ''Cahiers d’Extrême-Asie'' on Kingship, Ritual, and Narrative in Tibet and the Surrounding Cultural Area by The French Institute of Asian Studies (École française d’Extrême-Orient). He has received two U.S. State Department research grants through the Fulbright-Nehru Student Research Fellowship program and the Council of American Overseas Research Centers, and is currently a lecturer in Religious Studies at the University of Colorado, Boulder. ([https://www.religion.ucsb.edu/people/student/adam-krug/ Source Accessed June18, 2021]) +
The Venerable Cheng Kuan is the founder, president, and abbot of Americana Buddhist Temple (Michigan) and Mahavairocana Temple (Taiwan), as well as the founder and president of the Neo-carefree Garden Buddhist Canon Translation Institute (Taiwan).
He became an ordained Buddhist monk in 1988 under Master Hsien-Ming (the 45th-generation patriarchate holder of the Tien-Tai sect).
Born in 1947 in Taipei, Taiwan, he graduated from the English department of Taiwan Normal University (1977–1978) and attended graduate school at Texas Christian University (1979–1982).
His publications include many translations of Buddhist sutras: ''The Sutra of 42 Chapters'' (2005), ''The Diamond Sutra'' (2005), ''The Altar Sutra'' (2005), ''The Sutra of Consumate Enlightenment'' (2009), ''The Sutra of Terra-Treasure'' (2009), ''The Heart Sutra'' (2012), and ''The Lotus Sutra of Wondrous Dharma'' (2014).
His other writings in English include: ''The Sweet Dews of Ch'an'' (1995), ''Three Contemplations toward Buddha Nature'' (2002), and ''Tapping the Inconceivable'' (2002). (Source: Adapted from author's biography in ''Three Contemplations Toward Buddha Nature'', 2018) +
Kuiji. (J. Kiki; K. Kyugi 窺基) (632-682). Scholar-monk of the Tang dynasty, commonly regarded as the founder of the Faxiang zong of Chinese Yogācāra Buddhism. Orphaned as a boy, Kuiji was ordained as a teenager and assigned to the imperial translation bureau in the Tang capital; there, he emerged as one of the principal disciples of Xuanzang, under whom he studied Sanskrit and Indian Buddhist abhidharma and Yogācāra scholasticism. He participated in Xuanzang's numerous translation projects and is closely associated with the redaction of the ''Cheng weishi lun'', which included extensive selections from ten Indian commentaries. Kuiji played a crucial role in selecting and evaluating the various doctrinal positions that were to be summarized in the text. Kuiji subsequently wrote a series of lengthy commentaries on Dharmapāla's doctrinally conservative lineage of Vijñaptimātratā-Yogācāra philosophy. His elaborate and technical presentation of Yogācāra philosophy, which came to be designated pejoratively as Faxiang (Dharma Characteristics), contrasted markedly with the earlier Chinese Yogācāra school established by Paramārtha. Because he resided and eventually died at Daci’ensi, he is often known as Ci’en dashi (J. Jion daishi; K. Chaǔn taesa), the Great Master of Ci'en Monastery. Kuiji commentaries include the ''Chengweishi lun shuji'' and the ''Dasheng fayuan yilin zhang''. (Source: "Kuiji." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 450. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
Leonard van der Kuijp is professor of Tibetan and Himalayan Studies and chairs the Committee on Inner Asian and Altaic Studies. Best known for his studies of Buddhist epistemology, he is the author of numerous works on Tibet and Tibetan Buddhism. Recent publications include An Early Tibetan Survey of Buddhist Literature (Vol. 64, Harvard Oriental Series, 2008), coauthored with Kurtis R. Schaeffer, and In Search of Dharma: Indian and Ceylonese Travelers in Fifteenth Century Tibet (Wisdom, 2009). Van der Kuijp’s research focuses primarily on the Indo-Tibetan Buddhist thought, Tibetan Buddhist intellectual history, Tibetan Buddhism, and premodern Sino-Tibetan and Tibeto-Mongol political and religious relations. He teaches three new courses this term, covering histories, the era of the 5th Dalai Lama, and the historical geography of the Tibetan cultural area. Van der Kuijp received his Master's degree at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, Canada, and his doctorate at the University of Hamburg in Germany. He joined the faculty at Harvard in 1995. He is the former chair of the Department of Sanskrit and Indian Studies (now the Department of South Asian Studies). In 1993 van der Kuijp received the MacArthur Fellowship for "pioneering contributions to the study of Tibetan epistemology, biography and poetry." Van der Kuijp worked with the Nepal Research Center of the Humboldt University of Berlin and the University of Washington in Seattle. In 1999, he founded the Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center (TBRC), together with E. Gene Smith. ([https://ealc.fas.harvard.edu/people/leonard-van-der-kuijp Source Accessed Jan 14, 2019]) +
Franciscus Bernardus Jacobus Kuiper (July 7, 1907 – November 14, 2003) was a distinguished scholar in Indology, and "one of the last great Indologists of the past century ... His very innovative work covers virtually all the fields of Indo-Iranian and Indo-Aryan philology, linguistics, mythology and theater, as well as Indo-European, Dravidian, Munda and Pan-Indian linguistics."
Kuiper was born in The Hague, studied Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, and Indo-European linguistics at Leiden University, and in 1934 completed his doctoral thesis on the nasal presents in Sanskrit and other Indo-European languages. After [serving] years as a high school teacher of Latin and Greek at the lyceum of Batavia (Jakarta), Indonesia, in 1939 he was appointed Professor of Sanskrit at Leiden University.
Kuiper was a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences between 1937 and 1939, when he resigned. He became a member again in 1948. He was a Knight in the Order of the Netherlands Lion. He died in Zeist and was buried in the Rijnhof cemetery at Leiden. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscus_Bernardus_Jacobus_Kuiper Source Accessed July 3, 2023]) +
Seiji Kumagai was born in 1980 in Hiroshima (Japan). He studied Buddhist philosophy and received his Ph.D. in 2009 from Kyoto University. In 2011, he became an assistant professor at the Hakubi Center for Advanced Research of Kyoto University. Since 2013, he has been Uehiro Associate Professor at Kokoro Research Center of Kyoto University from then until the present. Since 2017, he has been a divisional director of the Department of Bhutanese Studies at Kokoro Research Center. He was invited by the University of Vienna as Numata Professor in 2018. His field of research is Buddhist Madhyamaka philosophy in India, Tibet, and Bhutan, and also that of Bon religion. He has also conducted research on the history of Tibetan and Bhutanese Buddhism. His most notable publications include books such as The Two Truths in Bon (Kathmandu: Vajra Publications, 2011), Bhutanese Buddhism and Its Culture (Kathmandu: Vajra Publications, 2014), and Buddhism, Culture and Society in Bhutan (Kathmandu: Vajra Publications, 2018), as well as numerous academic articles on Indo-Himalayan Buddhism and Bon. +
PROF. BIMALENDRA KUMAR did his Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies from University of Delhi in 1990 and has been teaching since then for 31 years in various Universities such as Delhi University, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan (W.B.) and Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U.P.). Currently, he is working as a Professor, Department of Pali & Buddhist Studies, Faculty of Arts, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U.P.). He has six years of research experience during his doctoral and post-doctoral education. His areas of interest are Pali, Theravada Buddhism, Buddhist Philosophy (Abhidhamma Philosophy) and Tibetan Buddhism. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/bimalendra-kumar-3b4bba5b/?originalSubdomain=in Source Accessed Oct 11, 2022]) +
Kumāralāta (3rd century) was an Indian founder of the Sautrāntika school of Buddhism. He was a native of Taxila, in modern day Pakistan.
According to the Chinese sources, he moved to Kabandha, where the king of the country gave him a splendid monastery in an old palace. He was known all over the Buddhist world for his genius, great learning and abilities; he also had influence on the development of Japanese Buddhism. He was considered one of the "four Suns illuminating the world", other three being Aśvaghoṣa, Āryadeva and Nāgārjuna.
The founding of the Sautrāntika school is attributed to the elder Kumāralāta (c. 3rd century CE), author of a "collection of dṛṣtānta" (''Dṛṣtāntapaṅkti'') called the ''Kalpanāmaṇḍitīkā''. The Sautrāntikas were sometimes also called "disciples of Kumāralāta". According to the Chinese sources, Harivarman (250-350 CE) was a student of Kumāralāta who became disillusioned with Buddhist Abhidharma and then wrote the ''Tattvasiddhi-śāstra'' in order to "eliminate confusion and abandon the later developments, with the hope of returning to the origin". This writing then formed the basis of formation of Jōjitsu school of Japanese Buddhism.
Kumāralāta's work ''Kalpanāmaṇḍitikā Dṛṣṭāntapaṅkti'' (“Garland of Examples,” henceforth Kumāralāta’s Garland) reflects an urgent statement of the core values of Buddhist urban businesspeople. According to Loukota Sanclemente and Diego, it emphasize both religious piety and the pursuit of wealth, a concern for social respectability, a strong work ethic, and an emphasis on rational decision-making. These values inform Kumāralāta’s religious vision of poverty and wealth. His vision of religious giving conjugates economic behavior and religious doctrine, and the outcome is a model that confers religious legitimation to the pursuit of wealth but also an economic outlet for religious fervor and a solid financial basis for the monastic establishment, depicted by Kumāralāta in close interdependence with the laity and, most importantly, within the same social class. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kum%C4%81ral%C4%81ta Source Accessed Aug 31, 2023])
4th embodiment of the zur mang drung pa line. +
Khenpo Kunga Sherab Saljay Rinpoche is Vajra Master of Jonang Jamdha Monastery and Jonang Tsinang Monastery. +
Venerable Thubten Kunga grew up bi-culturally as the daughter of a Filipino immigrant in Alexandria, Virginia, just outside Washington, DC.
She received a BA in Sociology from the University of Virginia and an MA from George Mason University in Public Administration before working for the U.S. State Department’s Bureau of Refugees, Population, and Migration for seven years. She also worked in a psychologist’s office and a community-building non-profit organization.
Venerable Kunga met Buddhism in college during an anthropology course and knew it was the path she had been looking for, but did not begin seriously practicing until 2014. She was affiliated with the Insight Meditation Community of Washington and the Guyhasamaja FPMT center in Fairfax, VA.
Realizing that the peace of mind experienced in meditation was the true happiness she was looking for, she traveled to Nepal in 2016 to teach English and took refuge at Kopan Monastery.
Shortly thereafter she attended the Exploring Monastic Life retreat at the Abbey and felt she had found a new home, returning a few months later to stay as a long-term guest, followed by anagarika (trainee) ordination in July 2017 and novice ordination in May 2019. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/community-member/venerable-thubten-kunga/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023]) +
Erik Pema Kunsang is one of the most highly regarded Tibetan translators and interpreters today. Erik has been the assistant and translator for [[Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche]] and his sons since the late 1970s. He has translated and edited over fifty volumes of Tibetan texts and oral teachings, and was one of the founding directors of [[Rangjung Yeshe Publications]]. ([http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Erik_Pema_Kunsang Source Accessed Jul 24, 2020]) +
Born in Poland, Arnold Kunst studied first at the University of Lwów. He later studied in Vienna, with Erich Frauwallner, as well as in Warsaw, with Stanislaw Schayer; and it was under this gifted Warsaw historian of Indian philosophy and religion that he took his doctorate. His thesis, published under the title of ''Probleme der buddhistischen Logik in der Darstellung des Tattvasaṅgraha'' (Polska Akademia Umiejȩtności, Prace komisji orientalistycznej Nr. 33, Kraków 1939), was devoted to an edition and translation of the ''Anumāna''-chapter in Śāntarakṣita's great treatise on the main topics of Indian philosophy. Together with his teacher Stanistaw Schayer, Arnold Kunst was thus responsible for inaugurating in Europe the careful study on both a philological and philosophical basis of Śāntarakṣita's ''Tattvasaṃgraha''.
Having moved to England just before the war, Arnold Kunst published in collaboration with E. H. Johnston the Sanskrit text of Nāgārjuna's ''Vigrahavyāvartanī'' (''Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques'' 9 [1948-1951], pp. 99-152; reprinted, with an English translation in Kamaleswar Bhattacharya, ''The dialectical method of Nāgārjuna'', Delhi 1978). His continuing interest in problems of Indian logic is reflected in later articles, such as the one on the vexed question of the excluded middle in Buddhism (Rocznik Orientalistyczny 21 [1957], pp. 141-7). His work on the ''Tattvasaṃgraha'' and Kamalaśīla's ''Pañjikā'' on it also brought him to lndo-Tibetan studies. In this field he published not only an edition of the Tibetan translation, contained in the Tibetan bsTan 'gyur, of Kamalaśīla's ''Pañjikā'' on the ''Anumāna''-chapter of the ''Tattvasaṃgraha'' but also a detailed study on the editions of the bsTan 'gyur, one of our main sources for the history of classical Indian philosophy (''Mélanges chinois et bouddhiques'' 8 [1947], pp. 106-216).
In 1947 Arnold Kunst took leave of absence from the School of Oriental and African Studies (University of London), where he had been appointed a lecturer, to take up a post as an international civil servant at the United Nations secretariat in New York. There he remained until 1963, dealing with non-selfgoverning territories in the Trusteeship Department. This new activity brought him again, if in a different way, into close contact with Asia, where he travelled extensively; and in carrying out this work he was no doubt
inspired and helped by his training as an Indologist and historian of Indian and Buddhist thought.
On resuming a lectureship at the School of Oriental and African Studies in 1964, Arnold Kunst turned his attention to early and classical Indian thought in general. From this period comes for example his study on the interpretation of the ''Svetāśvataropaniṣad'' (''Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies'' 31 [1968], pp. 309-314) which has recently been reprinted in India in a volume of essays dedicated to Ludwik Sternbach, his old friend and colleague both in Indological studies and at the United Nations (''Ludwik Sternbach felicitation volume'', Akhila Bharatiya Sanskrit Parishad, Lucknow 1979, pp. 565-572).
Arnold Kunst gave expression to his humanistic and pragmatic concerns in Indian studies in his article 'Man - the creator' published in this journal (''JIP'' 4 [1976], pp. 51-68). Pointing out there that classical Indian thought was largely non-theistic (rather than atheistic), and that in it man rather than God very often figures as creator, he has observed that 'the soteriological spark lies in man, the obstacles and hindrances in creation, and the kinetisation of the spark generated by the realization of the dichotomy [between creation and ''puruṣa'', etc.] is enhanced by such variety of methods as each separate system has adopted .... The versatile Yoga system as known from the Yogasūtras has but reversed the processes of the Sāṃkhya ontology and by their adaptation to the exclusively psychological aspects has devised a way to manipulate the intrinsic and extrinsic phenomena.., to de-create creation and to con-struct the absolute by de-struction of the phenomenal' (p. 57). 'To those to whom God is the maker and creator, a man-made creation, acquitting God of his creatures' good and bad experiences and actions, may be heresy and offence .... It was gnosticism that was the rule and orthodoxy rather than exception and heresy in post-Vedic thinking in India, while it was exception and heresy rather than rule and orthodoxy in Christian
religions' (p. 62). 'The egoeentrism of man was, no doubt, responsible for the emphasis on his soteriological aspirations, and on the setting of his moral and ethical code. The question was, how far this code included or excluded man's participation in society and how much stress it laid on solipsistic
criteria as yardsticks of man's advancement as a member of a nation .... In ancient India, the transitional period from Vedic ritualism to soteriological speculations was generally marked by total or partial rejection of God's interference in man's quest for spiritual attainment .... It sounds all so very pragmatic; but the pragmatism is of a type difficult to translate into social values. Modern India has tried to undo the social damage brought about by •.. overspiritualization. It was tried to reintroduce God as the creator in order to unburden man of his cosmic responsibility and turn his attention to India as a society .... The attempt, though formidable, is by no means uniform .... Non-theism has largely shifted to either agnosticism or to theism' (pp. 62-63).
In his two-fold activity as a scholar - in Warsaw, Vienna, Oxford, London, and Cambridge - and as an international civil servant - in New York and Asia - Arnold Kunst sought to resolve one of the dualities to which he has called attention, that between social values involving participation and the (perhaps 'overspiritualized') world of the mind. (D. Seyfort Ruegg, "IN MEMORIAM ARNOLD KUNST (1903-1981)," ''Journal of Indian Philosophy'' 11 (1983) 3-5).
Per Kværne (born 1 April 1945) is a Norwegian Tibetologist and historian of religion. Kværne was born in Oslo, Norway. In 1970 he received the mag.art. degree in Sanskrit at the University of Oslo. From 1970 to 1975 he worked as a lecturer in the history of religion at the University of Bergen. In 1973 he received the dr.philos. degree from the University of Oslo with his thesis "An Anthology of Buddhist Tantric Songs." From 1975 to 2007 he was professor of the history of religion at the University of Oslo, and he is now a professor emeritus.
In 1976 he became an elected member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. From 1992 he served as chairman of the board of the Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture, Oslo. He published a series of books on religious history, mainly on Bön and Buddhism.
He also published on art history, including the ''Singing Songs of the Scottish Heart. William McTaggart 1835-1910''.
Kværne became a Catholic on 15 June 1998. From 2006 to 2008 he was a member of the Academic Study Group of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. From April 2007 to May 2008 he served as dean of Study at the St. Eystein Priest Seminar. Starting in the autumn of 2008 he was a student priest of the Catholic Diocese of Oslo, and in 2010 Kværne was ordained Roman Catholic priest. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per_Kv%C3%A6rne Source Accessed June 14, 2023]) +
Traleg Kyabgon (1955–2012) was born in Eastern Tibet and educated by many great masters of all four major lineages of Tibetan Buddhism. He is the founder of the Kagyu E-Vam Buddhist Institute, which is headquartered in Melbourne, Australia, with a major practice center in upstate New York and a practice community in New York City. He taught extensively at universities and Buddhist centers in the U.S., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Southeast Asia beginning in 1980, and is the author of numerous books that present Buddhist teachings to Western readers, including ''The Essence of Buddhism'' and ''[[Mind at Ease]]''. ([https://www.shambhala.com/authors/g-n/traleg-kyabgon.html Source Accessed July 27, 2020]) +
Tsedrön Kyi is a Tibetan poet and writer. +
Kyǒnghǔng (fl. seventh century) came from Silla. According to the catalogue ''Naracho genzai issaikyosho mokuroku'', the monk Kyǒnghǔng wrote thirteen commentaries on Buddhist texts. +
Bernhard Kölver (1938 – 2001) was a German Indologist, specializing for most of his career in the study of Nepal.
Kölver was born in Cologne, Germany. He received his PhD with a dissertation on Tokharian nominal morphology from Cologne University in 1965. He was professor of Indology in Kiel, Germany (1974-1993) and Leipzig, Germany (1993-).
After a trip to Nepal Kölver specialized in the study of this country, especially the Newar language. In 1995 he was elected to the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzi]. He was also awarded the Triśaktipaṭṭabhūṣaṇa by King Birendra of Nepal in honor of his service to scholarship. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernhard_K%C3%B6lver Source Accessed Aug 21, 2023]) +
Heidi I. Köppl has translated for Tibetan lamas in Kathmandu for many years and has a degree in Tibetology from the University of Copenhagen. Heidi translated at the Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling Monastery in Nepal for more than a decade and has been a faculty member at the Kathmandu University Centre for Buddhist Studies. Heidi has a degree in Tibetology from the University of Copenhagen, and has translated works such as ''Illuminating the Thirty-Seven Practices of a Bodhisattva'' and ''Establishing Appearances as Divine''. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/heidi-i-koppl/ Wisdom Experience]) +
Kālayaśas (C. Jiangliangyeshe; J. Kyōryōyasha; K. Kangnyangyasa 畺良耶舍 (383–442). A Central Asian monk who was one of the early translators of Buddhist texts into Chinese. Kālayaśas arrived at Jiankang, the capital of the Liu-Song dynasty, in 424, where he became an adviser to Emperor Wen. Two works of translation are attributed to him in the Buddhist catalogues. Perhaps the most influential work with which he is associated is the ''Guan Wuliangshou jing'', the "meditation-sūtra" on Amitābha Buddha, which is one of the three foundational texts of the East Asian Pure Land traditions. Because no Sanskrit recension of this sūtra is attested, this scripture is now considered to be either a Central Asian or a Chinese indigenous scripture . . ., and its ascription to Kālayaśas is problematic. The second text that he translated is the ''Guan Yaowang Yaoshang er pusa jing'' ("Sūtra on Visualizing the Two Bodhisattvas Bhaiṣajyarāja and Bhaiṣajyasamudgata"), an early sūtra on the Medicine Buddha/Bodhisattva cult associated with the bodhisattva Bhaiṣajyarāja and the buddha Bhaiṣajyaguru. (Source: "Kālayaśas." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 408. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
L
Louis Étienne Joseph Marie de La Vallée Poussin was born on 1. January, 1869 in Liège, where he received his early education. He studied at the University of Liege from 1884 to 1888, receiving his doctorate at the age of nineteen. He studied Sanskrit, Pali, and Avestan under Charles de Harlez and Philippe Colinet from 1888 to 1890 at the University of Leuven, receiving a docteur en langues orientales in July 1891. Moving to Paris, he began his studies at the Sorbonne that same year under Victor Henri and [[Lévi, S.|Sylvain Lévi]]. During this time (1891-1892), he also occupied the chair of Sanskrit at the University of Liege. He continued his study of Avestan and the Zoroastrian Gathas under Hendrik Kern at Leiden University, where he also took up the study of Chinese and Tibetan. In 1893, he attained a professorship at the University of Ghent teaching comparative grammar of Greek and Latin, a position which he held until his retirement in 1929. Louis de La Vallée Poussin died in Brussels on 18 February, 1938. ([https://www2.hf.uio.no/polyglotta/index.php?page=person&vid=92&entity=92 Source Accessed July 27, 2020]) +
A native of Patterson, New Jersey, LaFleur received his BA from Calvin College in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He earned two master’s degrees, one in comparative literature from the University of Michigan and another in the history of religions from the University of Chicago. He also completed his doctoral work at the University of Chicago, where he studied with Joseph Kitagawa and Mircea Eliade. After completing his PhD in 1973, LaFleur taught at Princeton University; University of California, Los Angeles; Sophia University, Tokyo; and University of Pennsylvania, where he was the E. Dale Saunders Professor of Japanese Studies.
LaFleur was a groundbreaking figure in the interdisciplinary study of Buddhism and culture in Japan and trained two generations of graduate students in these fields. His seminal work ''The Karma of Words: Buddhism and the Literary Arts in Medieval Japan'' (University of California Press, 1986) broke away from a traditional focus on specific Buddhist figures and lineages and instead approached Buddhism as the “cognitive map” by which medieval Japanese of all Buddhist schools and social levels made sense of their world. He also uncovered an intimate relation between the Japanese Buddhist episteme and medieval literary arts. The innovative studies now emerging from a generation of younger scholars working at the intersections of Buddhism and literature owe much to LaFleur’s influence.
A scholar of far-reaching interests and expertise, LaFleur refused to be confined by any single research area, historical period, or method of approach. In addition to his work on Buddhist cosmology and the “mind” of medieval Japan, he was a gifted translator and interpreter of poetry and published two volumes on the medieval monk-poet Saigyō. He was deeply interested in Zen, especially as a resource for contemporary thought. He wrote and edited several books and essays, introducing to Western readers the work of the thirteenth century Zen master Dōgen, the Kyoto-school figure Masao Abé, and the twentieth century philosopher and cultural historian Watsuji Tetsurō. In 1989, he became the first non-Japanese to win the Watsuji Tetsurō Cultural Prize.
LaFleur’s ''Liquid Life: Abortion and Buddhism in Japan'' (Princeton University Press, 1994) expanded his earlier attention to Buddhist notions of the body and catalyzed his growing interest in comparative public philosophy and social ethics. In his later career, while continuing to study medieval Japanese religion and literature, he produced pioneering studies of Japanese bioethics, highlighting contrasts with Western approaches to such issues as abortion, organ transplants, and medical definitions of death. Altogether, he wrote or edited nine books. He left several other projects still in progress; some of which will be published posthumously. ([http://rsnonline.org/index7696.html?option=com_content Source Accessed Jan 16, 2020])
Michael Lackner, Dr. phil. (1983), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, is Professor of Sinology at the Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg. He has published monographs and many articles on China and co-edited Mapping meanings. The Field of New Learning in Late Qing China (Brill, 2004). Source: ([https://brill.com/view/title/34845?contents=editorial-content Brill]) +
Lai Wai-lun was born on July 8, 1944 in Canton, People's Republic China. He is Professor Emeritus of Religious Studies in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of California, Davis. He was a Fellow of the United Board of Xian Higher Education from 1964–1968 at Harvard University, Yenching, a Kent Fellow from 1969–1974, and he is a member of the Society for the Study of Chinese Religions at the Harvard Center for the Study of World Religions. ([https://terebess.hu/zen/mesterek/WhalenLai.html Source Accessed Jan 20, 2020]) +
Scholar who assisted in producing the first complete translation of the ''Mirror'' in about 1270, collaborating with Shong ston rdo rje rgyal mtshan. ([https://academic.oup.com/book/45656/chapter/398026442 Source Accessed Feb 2, 2024]) +
Marcelle Lalou (1890–1967) was a 20th-century French Tibetologist. Her major contribution to Tibetology was the cataloging of the entire Pelliot collection of Old Tibetan manuscripts from Dunhuang at the Bibliothèque nationale de France. In addition to her cataloging work, she wrote articles on various aspects of Old Tibet, and she published a Tibetan textbook. Some of her most notable students include Rolf A. Stein and J. W. de Jong.
Lalou was born August 23, 1890, at Meudon-Bellevue between Paris and Versailles. She was interested in art from an early age, and she painted and drew for pleasure her whole life. Her studies began in Art History, and many of her early publications are devoted to Art-historical themes.
Lalou volunteered as a nurse in the first world war. She made her start in Buddhist Studies following the war, studying Sanskrit with Sylvain Lévi and Tibetan with Jacques Bacot. She finished her doctorate in 1927 at the École Pratique des Hautes Études, where she later taught from 1938 to 1963. She was the secretary and later manager for the Bibliographie Bouddhique, and she was the chief editor of Journal Asiatique from 1950 to 1966. For her work, Lalou was dubbed a Knight of the Légion d'honneur. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcelle_Lalou Source Accessed Aug 24, 2023]) +
A student of the Second Pabongkha, Dechen Nyingpo, and Tenzin Trinle Kunkhyen. +
Lama Choedak Rinpoche, is the founder and Spiritual Director of Sakya Losal Choe Dzong, Rongton Buddhist College and Virupa Retreat Centre in Canberra. He is also Spiritual Director of the Sakya Jamchen Buddhist Centre in Melbourne, as well as at least 20 centres around Australia and New Zealand and has helped design teaching programs for many other Tibetan Buddhist centers in Malaysia, USA, Singapore, Australia and New Zealand. ([https://eastwestwisdoms.com/lama-choedak-rinpoche/ Source Accessed Oct 7, 2021]) For a longer biography, click [http://www.sakya.com.au/lama-choedak-rinpoche/ here]. +
Neal Elwood Lambert (born 1934) is an emeritus professor of English and American Studies at Brigham Young University (BYU). His most notable work was ''A Believing People: Literature of Latter-day Saints'' an anthology co-edited with Richard Cracroft.
Neal Lambert was born in Fillmore, Utah to Elwood Delyle Lambert and his wife the former Libbie Utley.
Lambert earned a bachelor's degree and a Ph.D., the later in American Studies, both from the University of Utah. His doctoral dissertation was on the western writing of Owen Wister.
Lambert began his career as a professor at what is now Weber State University. He joined the BYU faculty in 1966.
For a time Lambert served as the chair of the BYU Faculty Advisory Council, which fulfills some of the roles faculty senates serve at other universities. He also in the early 1970s served as the faculty advisor to the BYU bookstore, working to increase the purchasing of scholarly works by the bookstore and the use of the bookstore by the faculty.
Lambert also served as the chair of BYU's American Studies Program, chair of the BYU English Department (1991-1994) and Associate Academic Vice President for graduate studies and research from 1982-1985. From 1987 until 1990 Lambert was president of the North Carolina Raleigh Mission of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
In 1991 Lambert became department chair of the BYU English Department. During his tenure BYU faced debates over the extent of dissent allowed by faculty from LDS teachings, many of white focused on members of the English Department. Lambert was succeeded as department chair by C. Jay Fox in 1995. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neal_E._Lambert Source Accessed July 26, 2023]) +
Étienne Paul Marie Lamotte (21 November 1903 – 5 May 1983) was a Belgian priest and Professor of Greek at the Catholic University of Louvain, but was better known as an Indologist and the greatest authority on Buddhism in the West in his time. He studied under his pioneering compatriot Louis de La Vallée-Poussin and was one of the few scholars familiar with all the main Buddhist languages: Pali, Sanskrit, Chinese and Tibetan. His first published work was his PhD thesis: ''Notes sur le Bhagavad-Gita'' (Paris, Geuthner, 1929). In 1953, he was awarded the Francqui Prize in Human Science.
He is also known for his French translation of the ''Mahāprajñāpāramitāupadeśa'' (Chinese: 大智度論, English: ''Treatise on the Great Perfection of Wisdom''), a text attributed to Nāgārjuna. Lamotte felt that the text was most likely composed by an Indian bhikkhu from the Sarvāstivāda tradition, who later became a convert to Mahāyāna Buddhism. Lamotte's translation was published in five volumes but unfortunately remains incomplete, since his death put an end to his efforts.
In addition to the ''Mahāprajñāpāramitāupadeśa'', Lamotte also composed several other important translations from Mahāyāna sūtras, including the ''Śūraṃgamasamādhisūtra'', and the ''Vimalakīrtisūtra''. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Lamotte Source Accessed Sep 30, 2022]) +
Venerable Jampel Tenzin, known to his Western students as Gen Lamrimpa, passed as glorious as he lived. A lifetime meditator, he unified his words and his actions. Humility to the nth degree, kindness and love consistently given to all those whom he came in contact, and a wisdom that clearly recognized reality were his trademarks. His smile lit up the sky and made one feel inner joy and contentment.
Gen Lamrimpa lived most of his adult life in Dharamsala, Northern India. Initially, in the early 1970's, he lived for several years moving from cave to cave at the top of the mountains above Dharamsala. Often without food, meditating in a foggy and often wet place under a large rock overhang, he never feared. Food always seemed to appear when he really needed it. Many times self- rationed flour was about to finish, or was finished for one or two days, and almost like magic, or a gift from the buddhas, more flour, and maybe tea, or if very fortunate a little butter and tsampa (roasted barley flour) would arrive. These years of physical hardship, he told me later, were the best years for meditation; even though he claimed not to know much at that time.
Later he moved to a mud and stone one-room retreat hut where several other retreatants lived and practiced above the Tibetan Children's Village (TCV) near Trijang Rinpoche's Stupa. There he stayed nearly 18 years. Until 1990 he had no electricity, nor water. Water had to be fetched from afar, by carrying 40-50 lbs. of water up and down steep slopes often through snow or mud. Using candle and daggum (thick woolen Tibetan cape used for warmth during winter meditation), he meditated from 5 a.m. until 1 a.m. There were no week-ends or holidays off. There were breaks for preparing and eating food, gathering wood and fetching water, and occasionally teaching students who came by after lunch.
After one of my regular weekly afternoon-evening visits to receive teachings, with a full stomach of Genia's simple, yet delicious food, Genia told me to be careful of snakes. I told him there were no snakes here in the Himalayan foothills at 6000 feet elevation. He was silent, and handed me a torch (flashlight). Off I went with torch in hand. Soon crossing the path in front of me was a snake, (not a rope), the only one I saw in my many years in Dharamsala.
Last October 30th, about 4:30 a.m. I felt he was calling me. As I went into his room, he opened his eyes, and asked me to help sit him up and give him some water. Along with the water I gave him chin.lap (blessed substances). After three deep breaths, he stopped his gross breathing. Sitting behind him on his meditation seat, I held his back straight for several hours, then secured him using a mediation belt lying nearby. For five days his body remained fresh, and his mind remained in meditation in the state of clear light unified with emptiness―a remarkable, extraordinary achievement. Those of us who knew him were not surprised. He passed as he lived: clear, profound, and spacious.
Source: Ven. Tenzin Choerabt from the Winter, 2004 issue of the Snow Lion Newsletter.
Ven. Thubten Lamsel began studying the Dharma in 2011 at The Dhargyey Buddhist Centre in Dunedin, New Zealand. When she began exploring the possibility of ordination in 2014, a friend referred her to the Preparing for Ordination booklet by Venerable Thubten Chodron.
Soon after, Ven. Lamsel made contact with the Abbey, tuning in weekly for the livestreamed teachings and offering service from afar. In 2016 she visited for the month-long Winter Retreat. Feeling like she had found the supportive monastic environment she had been looking for, under the close guidance of her spiritual mentor, she requested to come back for training.
Returning in January 2017, Ven. Lamsel took anagarika precepts on March 31st. In the most fantastic circumstances, she was able to take her sramaneri and shikshamana vows during the Living Vinaya in the West course on February 4, 2018.
Ven. Lamsel previously worked as a university-based public health researcher and health promoter at a small non-governmental organization.
At the Abbey she is part of the video recording/editing team, helps with inmate outreach, and enjoys making creations in the kitchen. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/community-member/venerable-thubten-lamsel/ Source Accessed May 16, 2023]) +
Lewis Lancaster (born 27 October 1932) is Emeritus Professor of the Department of East Asian Languages at the University of California, Berkeley, USA, and has served as President, Adjunct Professor, and Chair of the dissertation committee at University of the West since 1992. He graduated from Roanoke College (B.A.) in 1954 and received an Honorary Doctorate of Letters from Roanoke in 2007. He is also a 1958 graduate of USC-ST (M.Th.) and a 1968 graduate of the University of Wisconsin (Ph.D.). He received an Honorary Doctorate of Buddhist Studies from Vietnam Buddhist University in 2011.
Professor Lancaster has published over 55 articles and reviews and has edited or authored numerous books including ''Prajñāpāramitā and Related Systems'', ''The Korean Buddhist Canon'', ''Buddhist Scriptures'', ''Early Ch’an in China and Tibet'', and ''Assimilation of Buddhism in Korea''. He also founded the Electronic Cultural Atlas Initiative to use the computer-based technology to map the spread of Buddhism from the remote past to the present. In 2008 he gave the Burke Lectureship on Religion & Society. Professor Lancaster is the research advisor for the Buddha's Birthday Education Project. He was the Chair of Buddhist Studies at UC, Berkeley, USA and Editor of the Berkeley Buddhist Studies Series. . . .
Professor Lancaster was a key figure in the creation of descriptive catalogue and digitization of the Korean Buddhist Canon. He was awarded the 2014 Grand Award from the Korean Buddhist Order for his contribution to Buddhism. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Lancaster Source Accessed March 23, 2020]) +
Karen C. Lang is Professor of Buddhist Studies and Indian Religions and Director of the Center for South Asian Studies. As a member of UVA's Religious Studies Department since 1982, she has taught graduate and undergraduate courses on Buddhist history and philosophy, including seminars on Buddhist and Hindu Ethics, Jainism, Mahayana Budddhism, and Buddhism and Gender, as well as reading courses in Sanskrit, Pali, and Tibetan. She has received Fulbright, NEH, and AIIS fellowships. Her publications include ''Four Illusions: Candrakirti's Advice on the Bodhisattva Path'', ''Aryadeva on the Bodhisattva's Cultivation of Merit and Knoweldge'' (translated into German in 2007), and numerous articles on Buddhist philosophy and literature. Professor Lang was a member of the translation team that produced the first English translation of Tsongkhapa's ''The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment''. Her current research and translation interests focus on the work of 7th-century Buddhist philosopher Candrakirti. ([https://religiousstudies.as.virginia.edu/node/75 Source Accessed Mar 31, 2021]) +
I have specialized on Tibet and the Himalayas as well as East Asia as my primary research areas and have wide-ranging interests including the history of knowledge and exploration, material and visual cultures, history of mapping and cartography and cultural interactions. Trained in Sinology, Central Asian Studies (Tibetology) and Economics I hold a Ph.D. in Central Asian Studies from Humboldt University of Berlin (2008). In 2018 I completed my habilitation (HDR) on the British Library’s Wise Collection at the EPHE (École pratique des hautes études) in Paris, published under the title “An Atlas of the Himalayas by a 19th Century Tibetan Lama. A Journey of Discovery” (Brill 2020). Between 2018 and 2021 I studied the collection of East Asian maps at the Museum am Rothenbaum (MARKK) in Hamburg in the context of the BMBF-research project “Coloured maps”. Currently I am Principal Investigator of the project "Maps as Knowledge Resources and Mapmaking as Process: The Case of the Mapping of Tibet" at the Cluster of Excellence “Understanding Written Artefacts” at the Universität Hamburg. ([https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/DianaLange Source Accessed Feb. 14, 2022.]) +
Elena Louisa Lange, Ph.D. (2011), University of Zurich, is Senior Researcher and Lecturer in Japanology at the University of Zurich. Her current research is on the reception of Marx's Critique of Political Economy. Her publishing focuses mostly on value theory. ([https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/32218?contents=editorial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023]) +
P'arang Geri Larkin, born Geraldine Kapp Willis, is founder and former head teacher of Still Point Zen Buddhist Temple, a Korean Chogye center in Detroit, Michigan. The name Geri Larkin is a pen name. She graduated from Barnard College in 1973. Larkin, daughter of a wealthy IBM executive, left her successful business life as a management consultant to enter a Buddhist seminary for three years, where she was ordained. When she left she sold her material possessions and bought a brick duplex in downtown Detroit which, with the help of local residents, she cleaned up and turned into Still Point. Larkin's articulation of the concept of "right livelihood" was highly influential on Ann Perrault and Jackie Victor, two of her students who founded Avalon International Breads in Detroit in 1997. She has been a longtime columnist for Spirituality & Health magazine. She currently resides in Eugene, Oregon. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geri_Larkin Source Accessed Apr 8, 2021]) +
Zach Larson is a practitioner in the Longchen Nyingthig lineage of the Nyingma School, who works as a translator, editor and author. He was born in 1978 in Wisconsin and received a BA in "Buddhism and Politics" at UW-Madison in 2001 after a year-long study-abroad program in Kathmandu, Nepal in which he met his first teacher, Changling Tulku Rinpoche of Shechen Monastery, with whom he studied the Longchen Nyinthig preliminaries for six months. While working on the research project "Nonviolence in Tibetan Culture: A glimpse at how Tibetans view and practice nonviolence in politics and daily life," he met and received profound blessings from Chatral Sangye Dorje Rinpoche and offered to compile and translate teachings by him in the coming years. Chatral Rinpoche approved of the idea, and Larson returned to Wisconsin to study Tibetan language and Buddhism for three years at the UW-Madison Graduate School. He returned to Nepal in 2004 and compiled, edited, and translated Chatral Rinpoche's biography and teachings into the book ''Compassionate Action: The Teachings of Chatral Rinpoche'', which was published by Shechen Publications in New Delhi in 2005.
Larson attended the full Nyingma Kama Wang with Trulshik Rinpoche in the winter of 2004 in Boudha and received the Kunsang Lama'i Shelung empowerment from Tsetrul Rinpoche in January 2005.
Snow Lion Publications released an expanded and updated version of ''Compassionate Action'' in 2007. The book has since been translated into Spanish (2009), Indonesian (2009), and Russian (2010). ([https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Zachary_Larson Source Accessed Nov 21, 2023]) +
Kyabje Lati Rinpoche (1922 – 12 April 2010) Born in the Kham region of Eastern Tibet in 1922, Lati Rinpoche was identified as the reincarnation of a great practitioner by Gongkar Rinpoche and entered monastic life at the age of 10.
At the age of fifteen, he enrolled in Gaden Shartse Norling College, one of the 'great three' Gelukpa university monasteries of Tibet.
In 1959, Lati Rinpoche sat for the Geshe Lharmapa examination and he was conferred as "Geshe Lharampa". In 1960, Lati Rinpoche joined the tantric college in Lhasa, and started intensive study in Tantra. In 1964, Lati Rinpoche left Tibet to join the 14th Dalai Lama in exile. On arrival in Dharamsala, he was appointed as the Spiritual Advisor to the 14th Dalai Lama.
From 1976, Lati Rinpoche taught at the Namgyal Gomba (the 14th Dalai Lama's personal monastery). In the same year, he was appointed as the Abbot of the Shartse Norling College of Gaden Monastery, a replacement university in the like of Gaden Shartse Norling College, for the monkhood in exile. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lati_Rinpoche Source Accessed July 24, 2023]) +
Latri Khenpo Nyima Dakpa Rinpoche is a senior geshe at Menri Monastery in Dolanji, India, and one of the new generation of Bön Masters. Rinpoche is the lineage holder and abbot of Latri Monastery in the Kham region of eastern Tibet. Rinpoche received his Geshe degree (Doctorate of Bön) in 1987 from the Bön Dialectic School at Menri Monastery in Dolanji, India. He is officially recognized as a Rinpoche by Menri Monastery.</br>
Rinpoche’s early education came from his father, a well-known lama and the lineage holder of the Latri lineage, in the Kham region of eastern Tibet. Further education came from Tsultrim Nyima Rinpoche, the lama of Dorpatan Monastery in Nepal. Rinpoche later entered Menri Monastery in Dolanji, India, the main monastery of Bön religion and education. There, he was taught by His Holiness Lungtok Tonpai Nyima Rinpoche, the 33rd sMenri Trizin (abbot); His Eminence Yongdzin Tenzin Namdak Rinpoche, the Lopon (head teacher) of all Bön education; and master Geshe Yungdrung Namgyal, a teacher of the Bön Dialectic School at Menri. At the request of His Holiness Menri Trizin, Rinpoche founded and is the President of the Bön Children’s Home in Dolanji, India, that provides housing, clothing, food and education for orphaned and underprivileged Bön children from northern India, Nepal, Bhutan and Sikkim. He is also the Vice-Chairman of the LAC for the Central School for Tibetans in Dolanji.</br>
Rinpoche was the first Tibetan Bön monk to teach Bon in the United States. Rinpoche has adhered strictly to the authentic Yungdrung Bon texts and teachings as passed down for thousands of years. He is the author of Opening the Door to Bon, the premier guide to the Ngondro practices for Western students of Bon. Rinpoche has taught Bön teachings in the U.S., Europe and Asia since 1989. Rinpoche is an immensely respected monk and teacher throughout the world for his authoritative, compassionate, and engaging teaching of Bön, and his ceaseless service to Bön.</br>
He is the founder and Spiritual Director of Yeru Bön Center (headquartered in Minneapolis, with a branch in Los Angeles); Shen Ten Ling Bön Centre in Vienna, Austria; Shen Chen Ling Bon Center in Minsk (Belarus); Sharza Ling Institute in Poland (with headquarters in Warsaw and a retreat center in Zhedoa, Poland); the Bön Shen Ling Center in Moscow; the Bön Shen Drup De Center in Kharkow, Ukraine; and Yeru Canada. Rinpoche is currently supervising a stupa construction project for world peace at the Kungdrol Ling Retreat Center in Thailand. [https://yeruboncenter.org/latri-nyima-dakpa-rinpoche/ Yeru Bon Centre]
Steven Laycock is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Toledo. He is co-editor of ''Essays for a Phenomenological Theology''. An active member of the Buddhist Society for Compassionate Wisdom, he has, for many years, been engaged in Buddhist meditative practice. +
Denma Geshe Lobzang Choying (19th cent.) attended Drepung Loseling Monastic College. He wrote refutations on the views of Jamgon Ju Mipam Gyatso (1846-1912) on topics such as Madhyamaka philosophy and emptiness. ([https://library.bdrc.io/show/bdr:WA00EGS1016271 Source Accessed Feb 10, 2023]) +
My research areas include East Asian Buddhism with particular focus on Yogācāra Buddhism, Buddhist philosophy of religion, Buddhist ethics, and Buddhist hermeneutics. My research interests focus on the relationship between Yogācāra and ''tathāgatagarbha'' thought and its soteriological implications, the exegetical interpretations in East Asian Yogācāra tradition, and the intersections between East Asian Yogācāra and Indo-Tibetan Buddhism. In recent years, my research has been focused on the ''Awakening of Faith'', the seminal treatise in East Asian Buddhist tradition, which is well known for its synthesis of Yogācāra and ''tathāgatagarbha'' ideas. ([https://dongguk.academia.edu/SumiLee/CurriculumVitae Source Accessed July 27, 2020]) +
Shao Chang Lee was Professor of Chinese History and Language at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa. He was the first Director of the Oriental Institute when it was established in 1935. He received a B.A. from Yale University in 1917 and an M.A. from Columbia University in 1918. He is the author of several China-related publications. ([http://manoa.hawaii.edu/chinesestudies/lee-shao-chang/ Source Accessed Aug 17, 2021]) +
Tim Lee has a wide-ranging interest in the history of Christianity, particularly in Asia and Asian-America. He teaches introductory courses in Christian History and more specialized ones in Asian/Asian-American Christian History. His current research focuses on the history of Christianity in Korea, a topic about which he has published a number of works, including a book and a coedited volume. He also directs Brite’s Asian / Asian American and Pacific Islander Church Studies Program. Before coming to Brite in 2002, he had taught at the University of Chicago and the University of California at Los Angeles. Tim serves as co chair of the Korean Religions Group of the American Academy of Religion. An ordained minister of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Tim has served as moderator of North American Pacific Asian Disciples. ([https://brite.edu/staff/timothy-s-lee Source Accessed Aug 11, 2023]) +
Younghee Lee earned her Ph.D. from the University of Hawai'i at Manoa and has taught at Smith College and the University of Aukland, where she serves concurrently as the Director of the Korean Studies Centre of the New Zealand Institute. Presently, she is an Honorary Research Fellow at the School of Asian Studies, University of Aukland. Among her publications are ''Ideology, Culture and Han: Traditional and Early Modern Korean Women's Literature'' (2002) and several articles on Buddhist ''kasa''. ([https://www.jstor.org/stable/23943319 Source Accessed Aug 11, 2023]) +
David Adams Leeming (born February 26, 1937) is an American philologist who is Professor Emeritus of English and Comparative Literature at the University of Connecticut, and a specialist in comparative literature of mythology.
Leeming received his A.B. from Princeton University in 1958. In 1959 he did a summer course graduate study at the University of Caen. From New York University he received his M.A. in 1964, and his Ph.D. in 1970.
Leeming was Head of the English Department at Robert College in Istanbul, Turkey from 1958 to 1963. From 1964 to 1967 he was the secretary-assistant of author James Baldwin. Since 1969 Leeming was Assistant Professor of English at the University of Connecticut. He eventually became Professor of English and Comparative Literature at the University of Connecticut, where he in later years has served as Professor Emeritus.
Leeming has written variously in comparative literature of mythology and edited numerous encyclopedias and dictionaries on the subject. He has also written biographies on Beauford Delaney, James Baldwin, and Stephen Spender.
Leeming is a member of the Modern Language Association of America and the Federation of University Teachers. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Adams_Leeming Adapted from Source June 14, 2023]) +
Michael Lees received his PhD in Global and Comparative Education, MA in Contemplative Religions with a focus on Buddhist Studies, and a BA in Environmental/Ecological Studies and Indigenous Wisdom Traditions. His research interests include examining the intersections of eastern and western spiritual, contemplative, and ecoliterate pedagogical approaches to learning for emerging adults in the higher education classroom. He currently teaches courses including but not limited to: Buddhism, Taoism, Asian Religions, Religion and Culture: An Ecological Perspective, Native American Religions, Death, Dying, and the Afterlife, Creative Thinking, Introduction to Eastern Philosophy, Western Philosophy, and Religions of the World. ([https://montclair.academia.edu/MikeLees Adapted from Source Jan 20, 2021]) +
Salomon Lefmann (born in Telgte, Westphalia, 25 December 1831; died in Heidelberg, 14 January 1912) was a German Jewish philologist.
He was educated at the Jewish school of his native town, at the seminary and academy at Münster, and at the universities of Heidelberg, Berlin, and Paris (Ph.D., Berlin, 1864). In 1866 he became privat-docent of Sanskrit at Heidelberg, where he later became an associate professor (1870) and honorary professor (1901).[1]
Lefmann's principal philological works were:
*"''De Aristotelis in Hominum Educatione Principiis''", Berlin, 1864.
*"''August Schleicher : Skizze''", Leipzig, 1870 (biography of linguist August Schleicher).
*"''Lalita Vistara''" (edited and translated; Lalita-vistara), Halle, 1883, 1902.
*"''Geschichte des Alten Indiens''", Berlin, 1879–90; 2nd edition, 1898 ("History of ancient India").
*"''Franz Bopp : sein Leben und seine Wissenschaft''" 2 volumes., Berlin, 1891–97 ("Franz Bopp; his life and science").
Through his "''Ueber Deutsche Rechtschreibung''" (in "Virchow und Holzendorff's Wissenschaftliche Vorträge", 1871) and "Zur Deutschen Rechtschreibung" (in "Münchner Allgemeine Zeitung", 1871, nos. 136, 209, 274) Lefmann took part in the movement for the establishment of a uniform system of spelling in German.
Lefmann took part in Jewish communal affairs. While preparing himself for the university and during his employment as a public teacher he held also the positions of tutor and school-master in several small communities of Westphalia; and at Heidelberg in 1887 he was president of the Zedaka Verein, a society for the aid of the poor. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salomon_Lefmann Source Accessed July 28, 2021]) +
Lead Educational Technologist
Amod Lele helps faculty navigate a wide array of technologies for use in their classes and professional life. He leads and manages a team of educational technologists and has been a part of BU’s Educational Technology team for more than eight years. Amod is interested in the use and promotion of open educational resources (OER) in higher education. He holds a PhD from Harvard University in religious studies and has almost ten years of college and university teaching experience. He regularly teaches a course on Indian philosophy in the CAS philosophy department. As a lifelong learner, Amod also earned an M.S. degree in Computer Science from Metropolitan College in 2016. In his spare time, he publishes [https://blogs.dickinson.edu/buddhistethics/?s=amod+lele scholarly articles on Buddhist ethics] and [https://loveofallwisdom.com/ writes a biweekly updated blog] on cross-cultural philosophy. ([https://digital.bu.edu/edtech/what-we-do-edtech-2/our-team-edtech/ Source Accessed Nov 5, 2021])
Dissertation: ''Ethical Revaluation in the Thought of Śāntideva.'' Advisor: Prof. Parimal Patil. Available at http://loveofallwisdom.com/other-writings/ +
Jakob became a student of Buddhism in 1974. He traveled to India in 1975, where he became a student of Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, as well as Tulku Pema Wangyal. He met Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse in 1977 and became his student as well.
In the early 1980s Jakob did a three-year retreat in France, after which he worked for Association de Centre d’Etudes de Chanteloube. He has worked on translations from Tibetan, including Shabkar and Wondrous Dance of Illusion (supported by Tsadra Foundation), and has also served as oral interpreter for several lamas. In the 1990s he lived in Bir, translating both Madhyamaka and sadhana material for Siddhartha’s Intent. In the late 1990s he began leading study and practice programs for SI Western Door.
Working toward clear and inclusive presentations of Buddhism for modern lay people and non-Buddhists, Jakob wrote and edited many of the early summaries and blurbs presenting Rinpoche’s teachings and programs. In the 2000s he earned a BA in Tibetology at the University of Copenhagen, exploring the commonalities and differences between Buddhism and western humanities and sciences. Since 2008 he has lived in Australia, where he presently directs study and practice programs for SI Australia. He is also a member of the KF Ashoka Translation Grants Subcommittee. ([https://khyentsefoundation.org/project/jakob-leschly/ Source: Khyentse Foundation]) +
Nancy Jane Ramey (born June 29, 1940), later known by her married name Nancy Lethcoe, is an American former competition swimmer, 1956 Olympic medalist, and former world record-holder in two events. After the Olympics, Ramey earned her doctorate and became a college instructor, environmental activist and political candidate. She and her husband Jim Lethcoe founded Prince William Sound Books. She authored books about Prince William Sound: ''Valdez Gold Rush Trails of 1898-99'', ''History of Prince William Sound'', 'Cruising Guide to Prince William Sound'', and ''Habitats of Change''.
Ramey was born in Seattle and grew up on Mercer Island, Washington. At time of the 1956 Olympics, she was a student at Mercer Island High School.
As a 16-year-old, Ramey represented the United States at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia, where she won a silver medal in the 100 meter butterfly event. In 1958 she set two world records in the 100 m and one in the 200 m butterfly; the same year she won five American and one Canadian national title. In 1959 she won a silver medal in the 100 m butterfly at the Pan American Games.
Later Ramey graduated from the University of Washington and earned M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Wisconsin. In the 1970s she worked as an assistant professor of religious studies at Stanford University. After that she organized Alaskan wilderness safaris, together with her husband Jim Lethcoe. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy_Ramey Source Accessed July 24, 2023]) +
Ernst Leumann (11 April 1859 – 24 April 1931) was a Swiss jainologist, pioneer of the research of Jainism and Turkestan languages whose work is in consideration even today. His studies on linguistics in Zürich and Geneva and of Sanskrit in Leipzig and Berlin were followed by his doctorate in 1881 in Strasbourg. His dissertation was "Etymological Dictionary of the Sanskrit Language." ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Leumann Source Accessed Apr 23, 2022]) +
Noah Levine (born 1971) is an American Buddhist teacher and author, son of American Buddhist teacher and poet Stephen Levine. As a counselor known for his philosophical alignment with Buddhism and punk ideology, he identifies his Buddhist beliefs and practices with both the Theravada and Mahayana traditions.[1] He has written several books on Buddhism and Buddhist practice including ''Refuge Recovery: A Buddhist Path to Recovering from Addiction''.
He currently leads Dharma and vipassana meditation retreats and workshops across the United States and teaches weekly meditation classes in Los Angeles. A member of the Prison Dharma Network, Levine works with juvenile and adult prison inmates, combining meditation techniques with psychotherapy although he is not a licensed therapist or psychotherapist. He "[explores] how they can have a deeper understanding of what has happened and what they need to do in order to be free, on many levels—free from prison, free from the trauma of the past."
He has helped found several groups and projects including the Mind Body Awareness Project, a non-profit organization that serves incarcerated youths, and Refuge Recovery, an addiction recovery community. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noah_Levine Source Accessed Dec 12, 2019]) +
Jules B. Levinson earned a doctoral degree in Buddhist Studies at the University of Virginia, where he studied under the guidance of Jeffrey Hopkins. He has served as an oral translator for Khenchen Trangu Rinpoché, Khen Rinpoché Tsültrim Gyatso, and others. At present he lives and works in Boulder, Colorado.<br>
[http://www.shambhala.org/teachers/acharya/jlevinson.php Source]
Jules B. Levinson graduated from Princeton University in 1975 and soon thereafter began studying at the University of Virginia under the guidance of Dr. Jeffrey Hopkins and the eminent Tibetan scholars invited by the University’s Center for South Asian Studies. He received a doctoral degree in Religious Studies from the University of Virginia in 1994. At present he lives and works in Boulder, Colorado. +
Mark Edward Lewis, who received his doctorate from the University
of Chicago in 1985, is currently university lecturer in Chinese Studies at
Cambridge University. He is the author of Sanctioned Violence in Early
China and is currently researching the origins in China of the idea of the
“classic” (ching) and its impact on the theories of writing and genre.
Source: [[Chinese Buddhist Apocrypha]] +