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Emmerick, R. + (EMMERICK, RONALD ERIC, (b. Sydney, 9 March … EMMERICK, RONALD ERIC, (b. Sydney, 9 March 1937; d. Hamburg, 31 August 2001), distinguished Australian scholar of the ancient civilizations and languages of Iran, India, and Tibet. He was the only son of Eric Steward Emmerick (1905-67) and Myrtle Caroline Emmerick, née Smith (1908-72). Prompted by his keen interest in languages and their history, he studied Latin, Greek, French, and German at Sydney University (1955-58), where he also attended an unofficial Sanskrit course offered by the classicist and linguist Athanasius Pryor Treweek. He took his B.A. degree with First Class Honors and received the University Medal for Classics with a thesis on “Mycenaean Morphology.” Subsequently he was appointed as a teaching fellow in the Latin department in 1959. His choice to write his thesis on Mycenaean Greek, whose script, Linear B, had only been deciphered in 1953, attests to his intellectual curiosity and shows how he was attracted by little explored subjects whose study could open up new vistas and deepen our knowledge of history in general. His chosen field of research, however, to which he devoted most of his life, was to be the Khotanese language and texts. He first heard of this language when, in Sydney, at the age of twenty-two, he read Harold Walter Bailey’s 1938 inaugural lecture, “The Content of Indian and Iranian Studies.” He was so impressed by this lecture that he decided to study Khotanese with Bailey at Cambridge University. There, he first completed his studies in Classics and was instructed in Iranian and Indian studies by Bailey, receiving the Brotherton Sanskrit Prize, the Bhaonagar Medal for Sanskrit and the Rapson Scholarship. Then, in the years 1963-65, he wrote his doctoral dissertation entitled "Indo-Iranian Studies: Saka Grammar" and took his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in 1965. In the meantime, he had been elected research fellow at St. John’s College, Cambridge (1964-67) and lecturer in Iranian Studies at the School of Oriental and African Studies of the University of London (1964-71). In addition, he taught Sanskrit at Cambridge while Bailey was on a sabbatical leave (1965-66). He subsequently revised and enlarged his dissertation and published it under the title Saka Grammatical Studies (1968f), which became an indispensable reference work for both ancient and modern Iranian studies.(Read more [https://iranicaonline.org/articles/emmerick-ronald-eric-scholar here])ticles/emmerick-ronald-eric-scholar here]))
Arnold, E. + (Edward A. Arnold is an independent scholar of Tibetan Buddhism, living in Ithaca, New York. He is Assistant Editor at the American Institute of Buddhist Studies (AIBS).)
Cowell, E. + (Edward Byles Cowell, FBA (23 January 1826 … Edward Byles Cowell, FBA (23 January 1826 – 9 February 1903) was a noted translator of Persian poetry and the first professor of Sanskrit at Cambridge University.Cowell was born in Ipswich, the son of Charles Cowell and Marianne Byles. Elizabeth "Beth" Cowell, the painter, was his sister.He became interested in Oriental languages at the age of fifteen, when he found a copy of Sir William Jones's works (including his ''Persian Grammar'') in the public library. Self-taught, he began translating and publishing Hafez within the year.On the death of his father in 1842 he took over the family business. He married in 1845, and in 1850 entered Magdalen College, Oxford, where he studied and catalogued Persian manuscripts for the Bodleian Library. From 1856 to 1867 he lived in Calcutta as professor of English history at Presidency College. He was also as principal of Sanskrit College from 1858 to 1864. In this year he discovered a manuscript of Omar Khayyám's quatrains in the Asiatic Society's library and sent a copy to London for his friend and student, Edward Fitzgerald, who then produced the famous English translations (the ''Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam'', 1859). He also published, unsigned, an introduction to Khayyám with translations of thirty quatrains in the ''Calcutta Review'' (1858).Having studied Hindustani, Bengali, and Sanskrit with Indian scholars, he returned to England to take up an appointment as the first professor of Sanskrit at Cambridge. He was professor from 1867 until his death in 1903. He was made an honorary member of the German Oriental Society (DMG) in 1895, was awarded the Royal Asiatic Society's first gold medal in 1898, and in 1902 became a founding member of the British Academy. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Byles_Cowell Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021])yles_Cowell Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021]))
Conze, E. + (Edward Conze (1904-1979) was born in Londo … Edward Conze (1904-1979) was born in London and educated in Germany. He gained his Ph.D from Cologne University in 1928, and then studied Indian and European comparative philosophy at the Universities of Bonn and Hamburg. From 1933 until 1960 he lectured in psychology, philosophy and comparative religion at London and Oxford Universities. Between 1963 and 1973 he held a number of academic appointments in England, Germany and the USA, and was also a Visiting Professor in the Department of Religious Studies at Lancaster, as well as Vice-President of the Buddhist Society. ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Edward_Conze Source Accessed Jul 21, 2020])dward_Conze Source Accessed Jul 21, 2020]))
Johnston, E. + (Edward Hamilton Johnston was a British ori … Edward Hamilton Johnston was a British oriental scholar who was Boden Professor of Sanskrit at the University of Oxford from 1937 until his death. He was born on 26 March 1885; his father was Reginald Johnston, Governor of the Bank of England from 1909 to 1911. He was educated at Eton College before studying at New College, Oxford, switching to history after a year of mathematics and obtaining a first-class degree in 1907. He joined the Indian Civil Service, winning the Boden Sanskrit Scholarship during his probation, and worked in India from 1909 onwards in various capacities. He took the opportunity to retire in 1924 after working in India for 15 years, and returned to England. Thereafter he spent his time on the study of Sanskrit, later learning sufficient Tibetan and Chinese to make use of material available in those languages.Although Johnston seems only to have published one article in India (on a group of medieval statues), his later works show that he had noted local Indian practices in agriculture and other areas, since he made reference to these in his analysis of Sanskrit texts. Between 1928 and 1936, he published an edition and translation of the ''Buddhacārita'' (''Acts of the Buddha'') by the 2nd-century author Aśvaghoṣa; this was described by the writer of his obituary in The Times as his "magnum opus."In 1937, he was elected Boden Professor of Sanskrit and Keeper of the Indian Institute at the University of Oxford, also becoming a Professorial Fellow of Balliol College. He started cataloguing the Sanskrit manuscripts acquired for the Bodleian Library by an earlier Boden professor, A. A. Macdonell, helped improve the museum of the Indian Institute, and worked on the manuscripts held by the India Office Library. He published several articles on a variety of topics. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Johnston_(orientalist) Source Accessed Jan 13, 2020])rientalist) Source Accessed Jan 13, 2020]))
Henning, E. + (Edward Henning was a mathematician with a … Edward Henning was a mathematician with a long career in computer journalism and programming. An experienced translator, he specialized in Kālacakra literature for over three decades. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/edward-henning/ Wisdom Experience])author/edward-henning/ Wisdom Experience]))
Craig, E. + (Edward John Craig (born 26 March 1942) is … Edward John Craig (born 26 March 1942) is an English academic philosopher, editor of the ''Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', and former Knightbridge Professor of Philosophy at the University of Cambridge. He is also a former cricketer at first-class level: a right-handed batsman for Cambridge University and Lancashire. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Craig_(philosopher) Source Accessed June 5, 2023])hilosopher) Source Accessed June 5, 2023]))
Brown, E. + (Edward was ordained in 1971 by Shunryu Suz … Edward was ordained in 1971 by Shunryu Suzuki Roshi, who gave him the Dharma name Jusan Kainei, which means "Longevity Mountain, Peaceful Sea." Edward has been practicing Zen since 1965 and also has done extensive vipassana practice, yoga, and chi gung. He leads regular sitting groups and meditation retreats in Northern California and offers workshops in the U.S. and internationally on a variety of subjects, including cooking, handwriting change, and Mindfulness Touch. Edward is an accomplished chef, who helped found Greens Restaurant in San Francisco and worked with Deborah Madison in writing ''The Greens Cookbook''. Edward's other books include ''The Tassajara Bread Book'', ''Tassajara Cooking'', ''The Tassajara Recipe Book'', and ''Tomato Blessings and Radish Teachings''. He also edited ''Not Always So'', a collection of Suzuki Roshi's lectures. In 2007, Edward was the subject of a critically acclaimed feature-length documentary film entitled ''How to Cook Your Life'', directed by Doris Dörrie. ([https://www.peacefulseasangha.com/default.html Source Accessed Nov 25, 2020])efault.html Source Accessed Nov 25, 2020]))
Kawaguchi, E. + (Ekai Kawaguchi (河口慧海, ''Kawaguchi Ekai'') … Ekai Kawaguchi (河口慧海, ''Kawaguchi Ekai'') (February 26, 1866 – February 24, 1945) was a Japanese Buddhist monk, famed for his four journeys to Nepal (in 1899, 1903, 1905 and 1913), and two to Tibet (July 4, 1900–June 15, 1902, 1913–1915), being the first recorded Japanese citizen to travel in either country.From an early age Kawaguchi, whose birth name was Sadajiro, was passionate about becoming a monk. In fact, his passion was unusual in a country that was quickly modernizing; he gave serious attention to the monastic vows of vegetarianism, chastity, and temperance even as other monks were happily abandoning them. As a result, he became disgusted with the worldliness and political corruption of the Japanese Buddhist world. Until March, 1891, he worked as the Rector of the Zen Gohyaku rakan Monastery (五百羅漢寺, ''Gohyaku-rakan-ji'') in Tokyo (a large temple which contains 500 ''rakan'' icons). He then spent about 3 years as a hermit in Kyoto studying Chinese Buddhist texts and learning Pali, to no use; he ran into political squabbles even as a hermit. Finding Japanese Buddhism too corrupt, he decided to go to Tibet instead, despite the fact that the region was officially off limits to all foreigners. In fact, unbeknownst to Kawaguchi, Japanese religious scholars had spent most of the 1890s trying to enter Tibet to find rare Buddhist sutras, with the backing of large institutions and scholarships, but had invariably failed.He left Japan for India in June, 1897, without a guide or map, simply buying his way onto a cargo boat. He had a smattering of English but did not know a word of Hindi or Tibetan. Also, he had no money, having refused the donations of his friends; instead, he made several fishmonger and butcher friends pledge to give up their professions forever and become vegetarian, claiming that the good karma would ensure his success. Success appeared far from guaranteed, but arriving in India with very little money, he somehow entered the good graces of Sarat Chandra Das, an Indian British agent and Tibetan scholar, and was given passage to northern India. Kawaguchi would later be accused of spying for Das, but there is no evidence for this, and a close reading of his diary makes it seem quite unlikely. Kawaguchi stayed in Darjeeling for several months living with a Tibetan family by Das' arrangement. He became fluent in the Tibetan language, which was at that time neither systematically taught to foreigners nor compiled, by talking to children and women on the street.Crossing over the Himalayas on an unpatrolled dirt road with an untrustworthy guide, Kawaguchi soon found himself alone and lost on the Tibetan plateau. He had the good fortune to befriend every wanderer he met in the countryside, including monks, shepherds, and even bandits, but he still took almost four years to reach Lhasa after stopovers at a number of monasteries and a pilgrimage round sacred Mount Kailash in western Tibet. He posed as a Chinese monk and gained a reputation as an excellent doctor which led to him having an audience with the 13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso (1876 to 1933). He spent some time living in Sera Monastery.Kawaguchi devoted his entire time in Tibet to Buddhist pilgrimage and study. Although he mastered the difficult terminology of the classical Tibetan language and was able to pass for a Tibetan, he was surprisingly intolerant of Tibetans' minor violations of monastic laws, and of the eating of meat in a country with very little arable farmland. As a result, he did not fit in well in monastic circles, instead finding work as a doctor of Chinese and Western medicine. His services were soon in high demand.Kawaguchi spent his time in Lhasa in disguise and, following a tip that his cover had been blown, had to flee the country hurriedly. He almost petitioned the government to let him stay as an honest and apolitical monk, but the intimations of high-ranking friends convinced him not to. Even so, several of the people who had sheltered him were horribly tortured and mutilated. Kawaguchi was deeply concerned for his friends, and despite his ill health and lack of funds, after leaving the country he used all his connections to petition the Nepalese Prime Minister Chandra Shumsher Rana for help. On the Prime Minister's recommendation, the Tibetan Government released Kawaguchi's loyal Tibetan friends from jail. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekai_Kawaguchi Source Accessed Mar 19, 2021])i_Kawaguchi Source Accessed Mar 19, 2021]))
Lange, E. + (Elena Louisa Lange, Ph.D. (2011), Universi … Elena Louisa Lange, Ph.D. (2011), University of Zurich, is Senior Researcher and Lecturer in Japanology at the University of Zurich. Her current research is on the reception of Marx's Critique of Political Economy. Her publishing focuses mostly on value theory. ([https://brill.com/edcollbook/title/32218?contents=editorial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023])ial-content Source Accessed July 6, 2023]))
Franco, E. + (Eli Franco (born June 19, 1953 in Tel Aviv … Eli Franco (born June 19, 1953 in Tel Aviv ) is an Israeli Indologist. He received his BA in Philosophy and Jewish Philosophy from the University of Tel Aviv in 1976, the Diplôme de l' Ecole des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales in 1978, Paris, and the Doctorat 3e cycle from the Université de Paris X and L'Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes in 1980. Since 2004 he has held the chair for Indology at the Institute for Indology and Central Asian Studies at the University of Leipzig, Germany. Among his writings include: ''Perception, Knowledge and Disbelief: A Study of Jayarāśi's Skepticism'' (Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden, 1987), ''Dharmakīrti on Compassion and Rebirth'' (Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien, Universität Wien, 1997), ''The Spitzer Manuscript: The Oldest Philosophical Manuscript in Sanskrit'' (Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2004), and (with Miyako Notake) ''Dharmakīrti on the Duality of the Object: Pramāṇavārttika III, 1 - 63'' (Lit Verlag, 2014). ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli_Franco Adapted from Source July 20, 2019])Franco Adapted from Source July 20, 2019]))
Guarisco, E. + (Elio was born in Varese, Italy, on 5 Augus … Elio was born in Varese, Italy, on 5 August 1954 and grew up in Como. He studied art and received a Master of Arts before traveling to India to study Buddhism. On his return from India he moved to Switzerland, where for ten years he learned Tibetan language and Buddhist philosophy under one of the Dalai Lama’s philosophical advisors. Elio joined the Dzogchen community in 1986, when he received teachings from Chögyal Namkhai Norbu for the first time.Invited by the late Kalu Rinpoche, Elio spent almost twenty years in India working on the large encyclopedia on Indo-Tibetan knowledge known as Shes bya kun khyab (Myriad Worlds,Buddhist Ethics, Systems of Buddhist Tantra, The Elements of Tantric Practice) authored by Kongtrul the Great, published in separate volumes by Snow Lion Publications. During this time Elio continued to actively collaborate with the Dzogchen Community and especially with the Shang Shung Institute in Italy, of which he is a founding member.Elio has worked on various translations for the Shang Shung Institute in Italy, including several books by Chögyal Namkhai Norbu relating to Tibetan medicine. He has completed several levels of the Santi Maha Sangha training, and became an authorized teacher of the base, first, and second level. Since 2003, Elio has been one of the three principal translators for the Ka-ter project of the Shang Shung Institute of Austria. Aside from serving as instructor for the Training for Translators from Tibetan program, he also works for the Dzogchen Tantra Translation Project. ([http://skyjewel.org/ Source Accessed March 26, 2020])ewel.org/ Source Accessed March 26, 2020]))
Lindmayer, E. + (Elisabeth Lindmayer comes from a Viennese … Elisabeth Lindmayer comes from a Viennese entrepreneurial family. She is a practicing Buddhist and, together with Sunim Tenzin Tharchin, was largely responsible for the construction of the well-known Peace Stupa in Grafenwörth, Austria. She has translated, along with Sunim Tenzin Tharchin, a German translation of the ''Ākāśagarbhasūtra'', ''Das Akashagarbha Sutra: Allumfassende Liebe und Weisheit; Heilend und Wunscherfüllend''. ([https://diamant-verlag.info/autoren/elisabeth-lindmayer/ Source Accessed Nov 30, 2021])-lindmayer/ Source Accessed Nov 30, 2021]))
Prophet, E. + (Elizabeth Clare Prophet (née: Wulf, a.k.a. … Elizabeth Clare Prophet (née: Wulf, a.k.a. Guru Ma) (April 8, 1939 – October 15, 2009) was an American spiritual leader, author, orator, and writer. In 1963 she married Mark L. Prophet (after ending her first marriage), who had founded The Summit Lighthouse in 1958. Mark and Elizabeth had four children. Elizabeth, after her second husband's death on February 26, 1973, assumed control of The Summit Lighthouse.In 1975 Prophet founded Church Universal and Triumphant, which became the umbrella organization for the movement, and which she expanded worldwide. She also founded Summit University and Summit University Press. In the late 1980s Prophet controversially called on her members to prepare for the possibility of nuclear war at the turn of the decade, encouraging them to construct fallout shelters. In 1996, Prophet handed day-to-day operational control of her organization to a president and board of directors. She maintained her role as spiritual leader until her retirement due to health reasons in 1999.During the 1980s and 1990s Prophet appeared on Larry King Live, Donahue and Nightline, among other television programs. Earlier media appearances included a feature in 1977 in "The Man Who Would Not Die," an episode of NBC's In Search Of... series. She was also featured in 1994 on NBC's Ancient Prophecies. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Clare_Prophet Source accessed March 11, 2020])e_Prophet Source accessed March 11, 2020]))
Cook, E. + (Elizabeth Cook is a faculty member at Dharma College in Berkeley, CA and an editor for Dharma Publishing.)
English, E. + (Elizabeth English (Locana) received her MA … Elizabeth English (Locana) received her MA and PhD in Classical Indian Religion from Oxford University and is a member of the Western Buddhist Order. She is the founder and director of Life at Work, a right-livelihood business that provides consultancy and training for supporting people, teams, and organizations through communication skills and conflict resolution. ([https://www.amazon.com/Vajrayogini-Visualization-Rituals-Studies-Buddhism/dp/086171329X Source: Amazon Page])ddhism/dp/086171329X Source: Amazon Page]))
Harris, E. + (Elizabeth J. Harris is an Honorary Lecture … Elizabeth J. Harris is an Honorary Lecturer at Birmingham University and Secretary for Inter Faith Relations for the Methodist Church in Britain. A former Research Fellow at Westminster College, Oxford, she is the author of many books and articles on Theravada Buddhism and Buddhist–Christian encounter.Buddhism and Buddhist–Christian encounter.)
Callahan, E. + (Elizabeth has been engaged in contemplativ … Elizabeth has been engaged in contemplative training and Tibetan Buddhist studies for more than 35 years. A Tsadra Fellow since 2002, she has engaged in both written translation and oral interpretation including working closely with Khenpo Tsültrim Gyamtso, as well as completing two three-year retreats at Kagyu Thubten Chöling, New York. Elizabeth specializes in translating texts related to mahāmudrā and esoteric tantric commentaries. Her most recent publication is Dakpo Tashi Namgyal’s ''Moonbeams of Mahāmudrā'' (''Phyag chen zla ba’i ‘od zer'') and the Ninth Karmapa’s ''Dispelling the Darkness of Ignorance'' (''Ma rig mun sel''). Elizabeth is also the director of advanced study scholarships at Tsadra Foundation and is the executive director of [http://www.ktgrinpoche.org/marpa-network/marpa-foundation Marpa Foundation]. '''Current Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow:'''*''The Treasury of Precious Instructions: Essential Teachings of the Eight Practice Lineages of the Tibetan Buddhism, Vol. 7 & 8'' – Marpa Kagyu Tradition, various authors collected by Jamgön Kongtrul.'''Completed Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow:'''*''The Treasury of Knowledge: Book VI, Part 3; Frameworks of Buddhist Philosophy'', Jamgön Kongtrul*''The Profound Inner Principles'', Karmapa Rangjung Dorje, with commentary by Jamgön Kongtrul*''Moonbeams of Mahāmudrā'', Dakpo Tashi Namgyal, with ''Dispelling the Darkness of Ignorance'' by Wangchuk Dorje, the Ninth Karmapa'''Previously Published Translations:''' *''Mahamudra: Ocean of Definitive Meaning'', the Ninth Karmapa, Wangchuk Dorje [http://www.tsadra.org/translators/elizabeth-callahan/ Source: Tsadra.org]/translators/elizabeth-callahan/ Source: Tsadra.org])
Pearlman, E. + (Ellen Pearlman has been a Buddhist practit … Ellen Pearlman has been a Buddhist practitioner for over 30 years under Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche and has studied with Buddhist teachers in India, Sikhim, Burma, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Europe, Latin America, and North America. She lives in Brooklyn, New York. Source: ([https://www.scribd.com/author/229965933/Ellen-Pearlman# SCRIBD])/author/229965933/Ellen-Pearlman# SCRIBD]))
O'Hagan, E. + (Emer O’Hagan is Associate Professor at the … Emer O’Hagan is Associate Professor at the University of Saskatchewan. Her primary interests include the role of self-knowledge in moral agency and moral development, constitutivism in metaethics, and Kantian ethics. Some of her recentpublications include "Self-Knowledge and the Development of Virtue," in N. Birondo and S. Braun (eds.), ''Virtue's Reasons: New Essays on Virtue, Character, and Reasons'' (Routledge, 2017); "Shmagents, Realism and Constitutivism AboutRational Norms," in ''The Journal of Value Inquiry'' 2014; "Self-Knowledge and Moral Stupidity," in ''Ratio'' 2012; and "Animals, Agency, and Obligation in Kantian Ethics," in ''Social Theory and Practice'' 2009. (Source: [https://research.tsadra.org/index.php/Ethics_without_Self,_Dharma_without_Atman Ethics without Self, Dharma without Atman])thics without Self, Dharma without Atman]))
Martinez-Melis, N. + (Emeritus Professor at the Autonomous Unive … Emeritus Professor at the Autonomous University of Barcelona, PhD in Translation Theory. Since 1998, she has been practicing meditation in the tradition of Tibetan Buddhism and regularly conducts both group and individual retreats. She has performed accompaniment in the hospital and at home. She has participated in several training seminars on accompaniment in illness and end of life. Since 2010 she has coordinated seminars on suffering, illness and death, including "Viure la pròpia mort i la dels altres" of the CCEB. ([https://www.anitya.es/quienes-somos/ Source Accessed Jan 19, 2021])enes-somos/ Source Accessed Jan 19, 2021]))
McRae, E. + (Emily McRae is an Assistant Professor of P … Emily McRae is an Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the University of New Mexico. She specializes in Tibetan Buddhist philosophy, ethics, moral psychology, and feminism. She has published articles on issues in comparative moral psychologyin both Western and Asian philosophical journals and volumes, including ''American Philosophy Quarterly'', ''History of Philosophy Quarterly'', ''Journal of Religious Ethics'', ''Philosophy East and West'', and ''The Oxford Handbook of Buddhist Ethics''. Her translation, with Jay Garfield, of the nineteenth-century Tibetan master Patrul Rinpoche's ''Essential Jewel of Holy Practice'' has been published by Wisdom Publications (2017). She has also coedited, with Dr. George Yancy, a volume entitled ''Buddhism and Whiteness: Critical Reflections'' (Lexington Books, 2019). (Adapted from Source: [https://research.tsadra.org/index.php/Ethics_without_Self,_Dharma_without_Atman Ethics without Self, Dharma without Atman])thics without Self, Dharma without Atman]))
Martin, E. + (Emma Martin is Lecturer in Museology at th … Emma Martin is Lecturer in Museology at the University of Manchester and Head of Ethnology at the National Museums in Liverpool, UK. She received her doctorate from the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London in 2014 for her thesis, “Charles Bell’s collection of ‘curios:’ Negotiating Tibetan material culture on the Anglo-Tibetan borderlands, 1900–1945.” ([https://heiup.uni-heidelberg.de/journals/index.php/transcultural/article/view/23538 Source Accessed Mar 8, 2023])e/view/23538 Source Accessed Mar 8, 2023]))
Kanakura, E. + (Ensho Kanakura was born in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. After graduating from Tokyo University (1920) Ensho Kanakura began studying Indian philosophy and the doctrines of Buddhism. He was a professor of Tohoku University.)
Lo Bue, E. + (Erberto Lo Bue obtained a Ph.D in Tibetan … Erberto Lo Bue obtained a Ph.D in Tibetan Studies at the School of Oriental and AfricanStudies (University of London) and became Associate Professor at Bologna University, where he taught the history of Indian and Central Asian art, and classical Tibetan. From 1972 he carried out research in Nepal, India and Tibet, his fieldwork in Ladakh starting in 1978 and continuing in 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2005. Most of his over 190 publications are related to Tibetan, Newar and Indian religious art. (Art and Architecture in Ladakh, list of contributors, vii)ture in Ladakh, list of contributors, vii))
Greene, E. + (Eric Greene is Assistant Professor of Reli … Eric Greene is Assistant Professor of Religious Studies. He received his B.A. in Mathematics from Berkeley in 1998, followed by his M.A. (Asian Studies) and Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) in 2012. He specializes in the history of medieval Chinese Buddhism, particularly the emergence of Chinese forms of Buddhism from the interaction between Indian Buddhism and indigenous Chinese culture. Much of his recent research has focused on Buddhist meditation practices, including the history of the transmission on Indian meditation practices to China, the development of distinctly Chinese forms of Buddhist meditation, and Buddhist rituals of confession and atonement. He is currently writing a book on the uses of meditative visionary experience as evidence of sanctity within early Chinese Buddhism. In addition to these topics, he has published articles on the early history of Chan (Zen) Buddhism, Buddhist paintings from the Silk Roads, and the influence of modern psychological terminology on the Western interpretation of Buddhism. He is also presently working on a new project concerning the practice of translation - from Indian languages to Chinese - in early Chinese Buddhism. He teaches undergraduate classes on Buddhism in East Asia, Zen Buddhism, ritual in East Asian Buddhism, and mysticism and meditation in Buddhism and East Asia, and graduate seminars on Chinese Buddhist studies and Chinese Buddhist texts. After completing his Ph.D. in 2012, Eric took a position at the University of Bristol (UK), where he taught East Asian Religions until coming to Yale in 2015. ([https://religiousstudies.yale.edu/people/eric-greene Source Accessed July 21, 2020])ed July 21, 2020]))
Huntington, E. + (Eric Huntington is currently a fellow at t … Eric Huntington is currently a fellow at the Chao Center for Asian Studies at Rice University and previously held a postdoctoral fellow in the Ho Center for Buddhist Studies at Stanford University. He is the author of Creating the Universe: Depictions of the Cosmos in Himalayan Buddhism (University of Washington, 2018), which exposes the complex cosmological thinking behind many different examples of Buddhist literature, ritual, art, and architecture. His current research investigates new approaches to Buddhist visual and material cultures. He has also published articles on the role of illustrations in ritual manuscripts and visual, spatial, and temporal understandings of tantric mandalas. Prior to joining Stanford, he served as a Cotsen Postdoctoral Fellow in the Society of Fellows at Princeton University and received his PhD from the University of Chicago. (Source: [https://erichuntington.org/ Personal Website])s://erichuntington.org/ Personal Website]))
Haynie, E. + (Eric came to Santa Clara University with o … Eric came to Santa Clara University with over a decade of experience in higher education. Eric received his PhD in Buddhist Studies from the University of Michigan, where he taught Buddhist and Asian Studies courses, worked with faculty on integrating technology into their teaching, and facilitated interdisciplinary workshops. He also received his M.A. in Religious Studies at the University of Colorado, where he taught religion courses, and his B.A. in Religious Studies from Occidental College. At SCU, Eric coordinates instructional technology support and trainings, and works with faculty in digital media assignment collaborations, course design consultations, and in Technology and Teaching Workshops. ([https://www.scu.edu/is/academic-technology/about-us/staff-profiles/haynie.html Source Accessed April 24, 2023])ynie.html Source Accessed April 24, 2023]))
Frauwallner, E. + (Erich Frauwallner studied classical philol … Erich Frauwallner studied classical philology and Sanskrit philology in Vienna. He taught Indology from 1928-29 at the University of Vienna. His primary interest was Buddhist logic and epistemology, and later Indian Brahmanic philosophy, with close attention to primary source texts.In 1938 Frauwallner joined the Department of Indian and Iranian philosophy at the Oriental Institute after its Jewish director, Bernhard Geiger, was forced out. Frauwallner became director in 1942. He was called up for military service in 1943 but did not serve, continuing to teach until 1945 when he lost his position due to his Nazi Party membership (dating to 1932). In 1951, after a review, he was reinstated. In 1955 the Institute for Indology founded, which he chaired, becoming a full professor in 1960.Donald S. Lopez, Jr., professor of Buddhist and Tibetan Studies at the University of Michigan, called Frauwallner "one of the great Buddhist scholars of this [the twentieth] century." ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich_Frauwallner Source Accessed Jun 11, 2019])Frauwallner Source Accessed Jun 11, 2019]))
Curren, E. + (Erik Curren has worked for a decade in the … Erik Curren has worked for a decade in the solar power industry while writing about energy, climate change and U.S. history. His previous books include "The Solar Patriot: A Citizen's Guide to Helping America Win Clean Energy Independence." His work aims to draw inspiration and lessons for success today from stories of people in the past who fought with courage and conscience to solve the biggest problems facing America and the world. ([https://www.audible.com/author/Erik-D-Curren/B0719W2748 Source Accessed Nov 30, 2023])/B0719W2748 Source Accessed Nov 30, 2023]))
Hoogcarspel, E. + (Erik Hoogcarspel (1946) studied contempora … Erik Hoogcarspel (1946) studied contemporary continental philosophy in Groningen, founded a Buddhist meditation center and studied Asian philosophies and religions. He taught Hinduism at Radboud University in Nijmegen.During his work as a teacher and teacher he wrote textbooks for his students and columns. Among other things, he translated Nāgārjuna's ''Principles of the Philosophy of the Middle'' from Sanskrit and edited the anthology ''The Great Way to Light'', a selection from the literature of Mahayana Buddhism, and wrote ''The Buddha Phenomenon'' . . . . He practices meditation and Taijiquan. ([https://wijsheidsweb.nl/auteurs/erik-hoogcarspel/ Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2021])arspel/ Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2021]))
Kunsang, E. + (Erik Pema Kunsang is one of the most highl … Erik Pema Kunsang is one of the most highly regarded Tibetan translators and interpreters today. Erik has been the assistant and translator for [[Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche]] and his sons since the late 1970s. He has translated and edited over fifty volumes of Tibetan texts and oral teachings, and was one of the founding directors of [[Rangjung Yeshe Publications]]. ([http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Erik_Pema_Kunsang Source Accessed Jul 24, 2020])ema_Kunsang Source Accessed Jul 24, 2020]))
Zürcher, E. + (Erik Zürcher was a Dutch Sinologist. From … Erik Zürcher was a Dutch Sinologist. From 1962 to 1993, Zürcher was a professor of history of East Asia at the Leiden University. He was also Director of the Sinological Institute, between 1975 and 1990. His Chinese name was Xǔ Lǐhe (许理和).He studied Sinology, Buddhism, specializing in Chinese religions. In 1959, his PhD was over The Buddhist Conquest of China. In 1962 he became professor of history of East Asia, particularly the Chinese Buddhism, Chinese reactions to the Christianity and early relations between China and the outside world.He was a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences since 1975 and Associate of the Academie des Belles Lettres et des Incriptions of the Institut de France. He was also awarded the Medal of Honor for Art and Science in the Order of the House of Orange and made a Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion.His son Erik-Jan Zürcher (born 1953) is a professor of Turkish languages and cultures at the University of Leiden and former director of the International Institute of Social History. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Z%C3%BCrcher Source Accessed Jan 20, 2020])%C3%BCrcher Source Accessed Jan 20, 2020]))
Leumann, E. + (Ernst Leumann (11 April 1859 – 24 April 19 … Ernst Leumann (11 April 1859 – 24 April 1931) was a Swiss jainologist, pioneer of the research of Jainism and Turkestan languages whose work is in consideration even today. His studies on linguistics in Zürich and Geneva and of Sanskrit in Leipzig and Berlin were followed by his doctorate in 1881 in Strasbourg. His dissertation was "Etymological Dictionary of the Sanskrit Language." ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Leumann Source Accessed Apr 23, 2022])nst_Leumann Source Accessed Apr 23, 2022]))
Steinkellner, E. + (Ernst Steinkellner (born 1937) studied Ind … Ernst Steinkellner (born 1937) studied Indian philosophy at the University of Vienna under Erich Frauwallner. After a research stay at the University of Pennsylvania (1971–1973), he founded the Department of South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies at the University of Vienna, which he headed until the year 2000. He has been involved in projects at the IKGA and its predecessor institutions since 1986. At the beginning of 1998 he succeeded Gerhard Oberhammer as the director of the IKGA, holding this position until 2006. In 2008 Ernst Steinkellner received the Ludwig Wittgenstein Prize of the Austrian Research Association.Most of the projects at the IKGA that Steinkellner initiated and worked on are related to the logico-epistemological tradition of Buddhism. The documentation of this philosophical school dating from the 5th c. CE, especially the works of Dharmakīrti (6th–7th c. CE), represent Steinkellner's most important scholarly achievements. In this context, Steinkellner further developed the historico-philological methods of textual criticism as first introduced by Frauwallner. Steinkellner's interest in the logico-epistemological tradition later led him to doing work on Tibet, where the Buddhist schools of thought within his field of interest are still alive today.Thanks to Steinkellner, in 2004 the IKGA began to have access to certain photocopies of manuscripts held by the China Tibetology Research Center (CTRC) in Beijing. This has made it possible to undertake critical editions of the most important Sanskrit texts in this collection, texts that until 2004 had only been accessible in their Tibetan or Chinese translations. The results of this co-operation are being published in a series founded specially for this purpose, the STTAR. ([https://www.oeaw.ac.at/en/ikga/institute/former-directors#c109344 Source Accessed Jan 8, 2021])tors#c109344 Source Accessed Jan 8, 2021]))
Waldschmidt, E. + (Ernst Waldschmidt (July 15, 1897, Lünen, P … Ernst Waldschmidt (July 15, 1897, Lünen, Province of Westphalia – February 25, 1985, Göttingen) was a German orientalist and Indologist. He was a pupil of German indologist Emil Sieg. He taught at Berlin University and began teaching at the University of Göttingen in 1936. Waldschmidt joined the Nazi party in May 1937 and became a member of the National Socialist German Lecturers League in 1939. He was a specialist on Indian philosophy, and archaeology of India and Central Asia. He also founded Stiftung Ernst Waldschmidt. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Waldschmidt Source Accessed May 5, 2022])_Waldschmidt Source Accessed May 5, 2022]))
Bianchi, E. + (Ester Bianchi holds a Ph.D. in ‘Indian and … Ester Bianchi holds a Ph.D. in ‘Indian and East-Asian Civilization’ from the University of Venice (co-tutorial Ph.D. received from the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Section des Sciences Religieuses of Paris). She is currently associate professor of Chinese Literature, Chinese Religions and Philosophy, and Society and Culture of China at the University of Perugia (Italy); in the past, she has also been in charge of classes of Chinese Language (modern and classical) and Sinology. She is external associated researcher of the Groupe Sociétés, Religions, Laïcités CNRS-EPHE (2012-) and, together with Daniela Campo, directs the research project “當代中國、臺灣的戒律復興 – Vinaya Revival in 20th Century China and Taiwan” (funded by the Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation for International Scholarly Exchange, August 2015-July 2018).Her studies focus on the religions of China, and particularly on Buddhism, both in imperial and in modern and contemporary time; her research is centered on Sino-Tibetan Buddhism, Chinese Buddhist monasticism and, more recently, the revival of Buddhist monastic discipline in China.Ester Bianchi is the author of ''The Iron Statue Monastery, Tiexiangsi: A Buddhist Nunnery of Tibetan Tradition in Contemporary China'' (Firenze 2001), of a general book on the history, practices and cultural traditions of Daoism (Milano 2009), and of the first Italian translation of the ''Gaoseng Faxian zhuan (Faxian: un pellegrino cinese nell’India del V secolo'', Perugia, 2012-13).Her main publications include the following articles: “Subtle erudition and compassionate devotion: Longlian (1909-2006), the most outstanding bhiksuni in modern China” (in D. Ownby, V. Goossaert, Ji Zhe, eds., ''Making Saints in Modern China'', Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016- 2017, pp. 272-311), “Chinese Chantings of the Names of Mañjuśrī: The ''Zhenshi ming jing'' 真實名經 in Late Imperial and Modern China” (in V. Durand-Dastès ed., ''Empreintes du Tantrisme en Chine et en Asie Orientale. Imaginaires, rituals, influences'', Leuven-Paris-Bristol: Peeters 2015, pp. 117-138), “A Religion-Oriented ‘Tibet Fever’. Tibetan Buddhist Practices Among the Han Chinese in Contemporary PRC” (in Dramdul and F. Sferra eds., ''From Mediterranean to Himalaya. A Festschrift to Commemorate the 120th Birthday of the Italian Tibetologist Giuseppe Tucci'' – 从地中海到喜马拉雅: 意大利著名藏学家朱塞佩·图齐诞辰120周年纪念文集, Beijing: China Tibetology Publishing House 2014, pp. 347-374), “Yamāntaka-Vajrabhairava in Modern China. Analysis of 20th Century Translations from Tibetan” (in G. Orofino, S. Vita eds., ''Buddhist Asia'' 2, Kyoto: Italian School of East Asian Studies 2010, pp. 99-140), “The ‘Chinese ''lama''' Nenghai (1886-1967). Doctrinal tradition and teaching strategies of a Gelukpa master in Republican China” (in M. Kapstein ed., ''Buddhism Between Tibet and China'', Boston: Wisdom Publications 2009, pp. 295-346), “Protecting Beijing: The Tibetan Image of Yamāntaka-Vajrabhairava in Late Imperial and Republican China” (in M. Esposito ed., ''Images of Tibet in the 19th and 20th Centuries'', Paris: l’École Française de l’Extrême Orient 2008, pp. 329-356), and “The Tantric Rebirth Movement in Modern China. Esoteric Buddhism re-vivified by the Japanese and Tibetan Traditions” (''Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungarica'' 57, 1, 2004, pp. 31-54). ([https://vinayarevival.com/ester-bianchi/ Source Accessed Feb 27, 2023])ival.com/ester-bianchi/ Source Accessed Feb 27, 2023]))
Mills, E. + (Ethan Mills has been Assistant Professor o … Ethan Mills has been Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga since 2014. He specializes in Indian philosophy, Buddhist philosophy, and ancient and modern skepticism. He has published in journalsincluding ''Philosophy East and West'', ''Asian Philosophy'', ''Comparative Philosophy'', and ''The International Journal for the Study of Skepticism''. He is currently working on a book on skepticism in classical India focusing on Nāgārjuna, Jayarāśi, and Śrī Harṣa. (Source: [https://research.tsadra.org/index.php/Ethics_without_Self,_Dharma_without_Atman Ethics without Self, Dharma without Atman])thics without Self, Dharma without Atman]))
Bock, E. + (Etienne Bock is a specialist in Tibetan literature and Himalayan arts.)
Obermiller, E. + (Eugene Obermiller (1901–1935), as a Buddhi … Eugene Obermiller (1901–1935), as a Buddhist scholar, inherited the tradition of Ivan Minayev (1840-1890), the founder of Russian school of Indology and Buddhist studies through his teacher Fyodor Ippolitvich Shcherabatskoy (1866–1942), who was a pupil of Minayev. After obtaining his PhD from the University of Leningrad, he joined Academy of Sciences at Leningrad as an Under Secretary to the Director of the Bibliotheca Buddhica.His published works include the translation of Bu-ston's ''Tibetan History of Buddhism'' (1932) in two volumes. He also translated the ''Uttaratantra'' or ''Ratnagotravibhaga'' (of Maitreya Asaṅga) from Tibetan and published it in 1932. Obermiller's other important work is the Sanskrit text and Tibetan translation of the ''Abhisamayālamkara'', which he undertook as a joint venture with his teacher Shcherabatskoy and published in 1929. He also contributed papers to the ''Indian Historical Quarterly''.rs to the ''Indian Historical Quarterly''.)
Cho, E. + (Eun-su Cho (趙恩秀) is a professor of Buddhis … Eun-su Cho (趙恩秀) is a professor of Buddhist Philosophy at Seoul National University in Korea. She received her Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies from the University of California and was an assistant professor in the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures at the University of Michigan before she joined SNU in 2004. Her research interests include Indian Abhidharma Buddhism, Korean Buddhist thought, and women in Buddhism. She has written articles and book chapters, including "Wŏnch’ŭk’s Place in the East Asian Buddhist Tradition," "From Buddha’s Speech to Buddha’s Essence: Philosophical Discussions of Buddha-vacana in India and China," "Re-thinking Late 19thCentury Chosŏn Buddhist Society," and "The Uses and Abuses of Wŏnhyo and the ‘T’ong Pulgyo’ Narrative." Recently her article titled “Repentance as a Bodhisattva Practice—Wŏnhyo on Guilt and Moral Responsibility” was published in ''Philosophy East & West'' (2013). She co-translated the Jikji simgyeong into English, and edited a volume ''Korean Buddhist Nuns and Laywomen – Hidden Histories and Enduring Vitality'' (SUNY Press, 2011). She was the founding director of the International Center for Korean Studies at SNU in 2007-2008, had served as the chair of the Editorial Subcommittee of the MOWCAP (Asia/Pacific Regional Committee for the Memory of the World Program) of UNESCO in 2007-2009, and was the elected president of the Korean Society for Buddhist Studies (Bulgyohak yŏn’guhoe) from 2012-2014. ([https://snu-kr.academia.edu/EunsuCho Source Accessed Nov 27, 2019])ia.edu/EunsuCho Source Accessed Nov 27, 2019]))
Dargyay, E. + (Eva K. Dargyay (born October 1 , 1937 in M … Eva K. Dargyay (born October 1 , 1937 in Munich ) is a German Tibetologist. After earning her doctorate phil. in Munich in 1974, habilitation there in 1976 (structure and change in the Tibetan village) and work as a private lecturer from 1981 to 1990 she was a professor of religious studies with a focus on Buddhism and Tibet at the University of Calgary. From 1991 to 2003 she was a professor at the University of Alberta in Edmonton. She has been living in Germany again since 2006. She was married to the Tibetologist Lobsang Dargyay (1935-1994). Tibetologist Lobsang Dargyay (1935-1994).)
Natanya, E. + (Eva Natanya is a Teacher, Translator, Scho … Eva Natanya is a Teacher, Translator, Scholar, Philosopher, and Theologian. I have studied the classical Tibetan language for over twenty years, and have translated hundreds of pages from the works of Je Tsongkhapa (1357-1419), as well as from such Gelukpa masters as Gyaltsab Je, Khedrub Je, the First Panchen Lama Lobsang Chukyi Gyaltsen, and Choney Lama Drakpa Shedrup. I also have significant experience reading and translating texts from the Great Perfection (Dzokchen) tradition of the Nyingma lineage. I care deeply about the nonsectarian (Rimé) movement in nineteenth century Tibetan history, and am committed to contemporary efforts that seek mutual understanding between the great lineages of Tibetan Buddhism. ([https://www.evanatanya.com/ Source Accessed April 23, 2024])anya.com/ Source Accessed April 23, 2024]))
Dam, E. + (Eva Van Dam is a Dutch artist and illustra … Eva Van Dam is a Dutch artist and illustrator whose work has appeared in numerous books and magazines. She has traveled extensively in Tibet and lived in Nepal for six years, studying Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhist iconography. ([https://www.shambhala.com/milarepa.html Source: Shambhala Publications])repa.html Source: Shambhala Publications]))
Thompson, E. + (Evan Thompson is a writer and professor of … Evan Thompson is a writer and professor of philosophy at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. He works on the nature of the mind, the self, and human experience. His work combines cognitive science, philosophy of mind, phenomenology, and cross-cultural philosophy, especially Asian philosophical traditions. He is the author of ''Waking, Dreaming, Being: Self and Consciousness in Neuroscience, Meditation, and Philosophy'' (Columbia University Press, 2015); ''Mind in Life: Biology, Phenomenology, and the Sciences of Mind'' (Harvard University Press, 2007); and ''Colour Vision: A Study in Cognitive Science and the Philosophy of Perception'' (Routledge Press, 1995). He is the co-author, with Francisco J. Varela and Eleanor Rosch, of ''The Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science and Human Experience'' (MIT Press, 1991, revised edition 2016). Evan is an Elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.Evan received his A.B. from Amherst College in 1983 in Asian Studies and his Ph.D. in Philosophy from the University of Toronto in 1990. He was Professor of Philosophy at the University of Toronto from 2005 to 2013, and held a Canada Research Chair in Cognitive Science and the Embodied Mind at York University from 2002 to 2005. In 2014, he was the Numata Invited Visiting Professor at the Center for Buddhist Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. He has also held invited visiting appointments at the Faculty of Philosophy, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, the Ecole Polytechnique (Paris), the Center for Subjectivity Research at the University of Copenhagen, and the Department of Philosophy at the University of Colorado, Boulder.In 2012 he co-directed, with Christian Coseru and Jay Garfield, the National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Institute on Investigating Consciousness: Buddhist and Contemporary Philosophical Perspectives, and he will again be co-director, with Coseru and Garfield, of the 2018 NEH Summer Institute on Self-Knowledge in Eastern and Western Philosophies.Evan is currently serving as the Co-Chair of the Steering Council of the Mind and Life Institute and is a member of the Dialogue and Education Working Circle of the Kalein Centre in Nelson, British Columbia.Evan is married to Rebecca Todd, a cognitive neuroscientist and psychologist. Todd is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of British Columbia and directs the Motivated Cognition Lab. ([https://evanthompson.me/biography/ Source Accessed May 20. 2021])/biography/ Source Accessed May 20. 2021]))
Arnold, Eve + (Eve Arnold was born in Philadelphia, Penns … Eve Arnold was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Russian immigrant parents. She began photographing in 1946, while working at a photo-finishing plant in New York City, and then studied photography in 1948 with Alexei Brodovitch at the New School for Social Research in New York.Arnold first became associated with Magnum Photos in 1951 and became a full member in 1957. She was based in the US during the 1950s but went to England in 1962 to put her son through school; except for a six-year interval when she worked in the US and China, she lived in the UK for the rest of her life.Her time in China led to her first major solo exhibition at the Brooklyn Museum in 1980, where she showed the resulting images. In the same year, she received the National Book Award for In China and the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Society of Magazine Photographers.In later years, she received many other honours and awards. In 1995, she was made fellow of the Royal Photographic Society and elected Master Photographer – the world’s most prestigious photographic honour – by New York’s International Center of Photography. In 1996, she received the Kraszna-Krausz Book Award for In Retrospect. The following year she was granted honorary degrees by the University of St Andrews, Staffordshire University, and the American International University in London; she was also appointed to the advisory committee of the National Museum of Photography, Film & Television in Bradford, UK. She has had twelve books published.Eve passed away in January of 2012. ([https://www.magnumphotos.com/photographer/eve-arnold/ Source Accessed Feb 14, 2023])her/eve-arnold/ Source Accessed Feb 14, 2023]))
Rambelli, F. + (Fabio Rambelli is an Italian academic, aut … Fabio Rambelli is an Italian academic, author, and editor. He is a professor in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB).Fabio Rambelli was born in Ravenna, Italy. He earned a BA in Japanese language and culture from the University of Venice. In 1992, he was awarded his PhD in East Asian Studies from University of Venice and the Italian Ministry of Scientific Research. He also studied at the Oriental Institute in Naples and at the Tokyo University of Foreign Studies.In 2001, Rambelli was a professor of religious studies, cultural studies, and Japanese religions at Sapporo University in Japan. At present, Rambelli holds the International Shinto Foundation Chair in Shinto Studies at UCSB. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabio_Rambelli Source Accessed April 6, 2020])o_Rambelli Source Accessed April 6, 2020]))
Torricelli, F. + (Fabrizio Torricelli spent several study st … Fabrizio Torricelli spent several study stays at the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives of Dharamsala (LTWA), India. He has been an associate member of the Italian Institute for Africa and the Orient (IsIAO) since 1996, consultant in a manuscript preservation and cataloguing project of the manuscripts preserved in the Tucci Tibetan fund of the IsIAO (1999–2004), and in the reorganization of the reference room of the IsIAO library (2003–2004). He has taught courses on Tibetan culture in the IsIAO schools (1999–2004). His research is mainly focused on the Indo-Tibetan texts providing documentary evidence of the philosophical thought and the ascetic techniques in use amongst the Buddhist siddhas in the centuries spanning from the first and the second millennium. He has recently completed a book on the Bengali siddha Tilopā, which has been published by the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives. ([https://torricellif.academia.edu/ Source Accessed October 10, 2019 and Lightly Modified]). On the 25th of February 2022 while working on Nāropā ("Regarding Nāropā. Text and English Translation of Mar pa’s"), he suddenly passed away ([https://independent.academia.edu/torricellif Source: Academia.edu]).ia.edu/torricellif Source: Academia.edu]).)
Ziporyn, B. + (Faculty Mircea Eliade Professor of Chinese … FacultyMircea Eliade Professor of Chinese Religion, Philosophy, and Comparative Thought; also in the CollegePhD (University of Michigan)Brook A. Ziporyn is a scholar of ancient and medieval Chinese religion and philosophy. Professor Ziporyn received his BA in East Asian Languages and Civilizations from the University of Chicago, and his PhD from the University of Michigan. Prior to joining the Divinity School faculty, he has taught Chinese philosophy and religion at the University of Michigan (Department of East Asian Literature and Cultures), Northwestern University (Department of Religion and Department of Philosophy), Harvard University (Department of East Asian Literature and Civilization) and the National University of Singapore (Department of Philosophy).Ziporyn is the author of ''Evil And/Or/As the Good: Omnicentric Holism, Intersubjectivity and Value Paradox in Tiantai Buddhist Thought'' (Harvard, 2000), ''The Penumbra Unbound: The Neo-Taoist Philosophy of Guo Xiang'' (SUNY Press, 2003), ''Being and Ambiguity: Philosophical Experiments With Tiantai Buddhism'' (Open Court, 2004); ''Zhuangzi: The Essential Writings with Selections from Traditional Commentaries'' (Hackett, 2009); ''Ironies of Oneness and Difference: Coherence in Early Chinese Thought''; ''Prolegomena to the Study of Li'' (SUNY Press, 2012); and ''Beyond Oneness and Difference: Li and Coherence in Chinese Buddhist Thought and its Antecedents'' (SUNY Press, 2013). His seventh book, ''Emptiness and Omnipresence: The Lotus Sutra and Tiantai Buddhism'', was published by Indiana University Press in 2016. He is currently working on a cross-cultural inquiry into the themes of death, time and perception, tentatively entitled ''Against Being Here Now'', as well as a book-length exposition of atheism as a form of religious and mystical experience in the intellectual histories of Europe, India and China. ''Zhuangzi: The Complete Writings, translated and with introduction and notes by Brook Ziporyn'' will be published in 2020. ([http://divinity.uchicago.edu/directory/brook-ziporyn Source Accessed Sep 17, 2021])ook-ziporyn Source Accessed Sep 17, 2021]))
Fahai + (Fahai. (J. Hōkai; K. Pǒphae 法海) (d.u.). In … Fahai. (J. Hōkai; K. Pǒphae 法海) (d.u.). In Chinese, "Sea of Dharma": a disciple of Huineng, the sixth patriarch (Liuzu) of the Chan zong. Fahai is said to have been the head monk of the monastery of Tafansi in Shaozhou Prefecture, where Huineng is presumed to have delivered a sermon on the "sudden" teachings(dunjiao) of the Southern school (Nan zong) of Chan. Fahai is dubiously credited with compiling the written record of this sermon, the ''Liuzu tan jing'' ("Platform Sūtra of the Sixth Patriarch"). A rather late "brief preface” (luexu) to the ''Liuzu tan jing'' is also retrospectively attributed to Fahai. The story of this figure may have been based on a monk by the same name who was affiliated with the Niutou zong of Chan. (Source: "Fahai." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 289. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))

Abhayadatta + (Famed author of the Biographies of Eighty-Four Mahasiddhas.)

Fashang + (Fashang was a teacher of Jingying Huiyuan.)
Locke, J. + (Father John Kerr Locke was one of the world’s foremost scholars of Newar Buddhism.)
Sherburne, R. + (Father Sherburne was a graduate of Marquet … Father Sherburne was a graduate of Marquette University High School and received his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in classics at Saint Louis University. He was ordained a priest at Church of the Gesu in Milwaukee on June 20, 1956, and finished his Jesuit training in Decatur, Ill.His service at the law school after retirement was his second stint working at Marquette. He taught classics, advised foreign students, and served three years as dean of students at the university earlier in his career. His interactions with foreign students instilled an interest in Asian culture and Eastern religions. He left Marquette in 1968 and spent a year in Darjeeling, India, living and studying with Canadian Jesuits. Father Sherburne received a second master’s degree and his doctorate at the University of Washington in Seattle. Beginning in 1977, he taught religious studies at Seattle University, where he retired in 1996.His published works include a 300-page annotated translation of the Tibetan texts of Atisha, an 11th-century Buddhist teacher. He also worked with Nancy Moore Gettelman, a friend of his when both worked at Marquette during the 1960s, on a series of videos, “Bhutan: A Himilayan Cultural Diary.” ([https://www.jesuitsmidwest.org/memoriam/richard-f-sherburne-father/ Source Accessed May 12, 2021])rne-father/ Source Accessed May 12, 2021]))
Fazang + (Fazang is Zhiyan’s most accomplished and i … Fazang is Zhiyan’s most accomplished and influential student, and became the third patriarch of Huayan. He is responsible for systematizing and extending Zhiyan’s teaching, and for securing the prominence of Huayan-style Buddhism at the imperial court. He is known especially for his definitive commentaries on the ''Avatamsaka Sutra'' and ''Awakening of Faith in Mahayana'', and for making Huayan doctrines accessible to laity with familiar technologies such as mirror halls and wood-block printing. These contributions support the traditional regard for Fazang as the third patriarch of the Huayan School.Fazang’s ancestors came from Sogdiana (a center for trade along the Silk Road, located in what is now parts of Uzbekistan and Tajikestan), but he was born in the Tang dynasty capital of Chang’an (now Xi’an), where his family had become culturally Chinese. Fazang was a fervently religious adolescent. Following a then-popular custom that took self-immolation as a sign of religious devotion, Fazang burned his fingers before a stupa at the age of 16. After becoming a monk, he assisted Xuanzang—famous for his pilgrimage to India—in translating Buddhist works from Sanskrit into Chinese. Fazang had doctrinal differences with Xuanzang, though, so he later became a disciple of Zhiyan, probably around 663 CE.Zhiyan’s access to the imperial court gave Fazang access to Empress Wu, with whom he quickly gained favor. He undertook a variety of public services, such as performing rain-prayer rituals and collaborating in various translation projects. He traveled throughout northern China, teaching the ''Avatamsaka Sutra'' and debating Daoists. He intervened in a 697 military confrontation with the Khitans, gaining further favor when Empress Wu ascribed to his ritual services an instrumental role in suppressing the rebellion. In addition, Fazang provided information to undermine plots by some of the empress’ advisors to secure power after her death. This secured Fazang’s status—and the prominence of Huayan teachings—with subsequent rulers. ([https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/buddhism-huayan/#Faza643712 Source Accessed Jan 28, 2020])#Faza643712 Source Accessed Jan 28, 2020]))
Chung, F. + (Felin Chung is a graduate of Rangjung Yeshe Institute's Translator Training Program (TTP). She is a member of the Dharmachakra Translation Committee.)
Zikai, F. + (Feng Zikai (simplified Chinese: 丰子恺; tradi … Feng Zikai (simplified Chinese: 丰子恺; traditional Chinese: 豐子愷; pinyin: Fēng Zǐkǎi; November 9, 1898 – September 15, 1975) was an influential Chinese painter, pioneering manhua (漫画) artist, essayist, and lay Buddhist of 20th-century China. Born just after the First Sino-Japanese War and dying just before the end of the Cultural Revolution, he lived through much of the political and socioeconomic turmoil during the birth of modern China. Much of his literary and artistic work comments on and records the relationship between the changing political landscape and ordinary people's daily lives. Although most famous for his paintings depicting children and the multi-volume collection of Buddhist-inspired art ''Paintings for the Preservation of Life'' (护生画集), Feng was a prolific artist, writer, and intellectual who made strides in the fields of music, art, literature, philosophy, and translation. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feng_Zikai Source Accessed July 21, 2023])Feng_Zikai Source Accessed July 21, 2023]))
Brambilla, F. + (Filippo Brambilla is a PhD candidate at th … Filippo Brambilla is a PhD candidate at the Department of South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies of the University of Vienna. He is currently writing his dissertation on Tshogs gnyis rgya mtsho (1880–1940), a late Jo nang scholar whose philosophical works are characterized by a distinctive approach that reconciles typically rang stong positions with more orthodox Jo nang views. Filippo’s PhD thesis will include a complete edition and translation of Tshogs gnyis rgya mtsho’s Illuminating Light (''Rab gsal snang''). Recently, Filippo also started working as a researcher in the FWF funded project “Emptiness of Other (gZhan stong) in the Early Jo nang Tradition.” He holds a BA and an MA in Languages and Cultures of Eastern Asia, with specialization in Chinese language and culture, from Ca’ Foscari University of Venice. Filippo has also spent long periods of study and research in China and Eastern Tibet. (Source: [https://conference.tsadra.org/session/empty-of-true-existence-yet-full-of-qualities-tshogs-gnyis-rgya-mtsho-1880-1940-on-buddha-nature/ Tathāgatagarbha Across Asia])ddha-nature/ Tathāgatagarbha Across Asia]))
Rizzi, F. + (Fiorella Rizzi has been a student of Buddh … Fiorella Rizzi has been a student of Buddhism since 1980, when she met the late Geshe Yeshe Tobden. Since 1997, she has been translating and editing texts on Buddhist philosophy and practice and is the founder of the nonprofit cultural association La Ruota del Dharma. She lives in Pomaia, Italy. (Source: [http://authors.simonandschuster.com/Fiorella-Rizzi/451426178 Wisdom Publications])ella-Rizzi/451426178 Wisdom Publications]))
Sutton, F. + (Floring Giripescu Sutton was Assistant Professor of Oriental Philosophy at Rutgers University.)
Keizan + (Following Dogen Zenji, the Dharma lamp was … Following Dogen Zenji, the Dharma lamp was transmitted to Ejo Zenji, then to Gikai Zenji, and then to Keizan Zenji, who was the fourth ancestor in the Japanese Soto Zen lineage.Keizan Zenji was born in 1264 in Echizen Province, which is present-day Fukui Prefecture. His mother, Ekan Daishi, was a devoted believer in Kannon Bosatsu (Avalokiteshvara), the bodhisattva of compassion. It is said that she was on her way to worship at a building dedicated to Kannon when she gave birth. For that reason, the name that Keizan Zenji was given at birth was Gyosho.At the age of eight, he shaved his head and entered Eiheiji where he began his practice under the third abbot, Gikai Zenji. At the age of thirteen, he again went to live at Eiheiji and was officially ordained as a monk under Ejo Zenji. Following the death of Ejo Zenji, he practiced under Jakuen Zenji at Hokyoji, located in present-day Fukui. Spotting Keizan Zenji’s potential ability to lead the monks, Jakuen Zenji selected him to be ino, the monk in charge of the other monks’ practice.In contrast to Dogen Zenji, who deeply explored the internal self, Keizan Zenji stood out with his ability to look outwards and boldly spread the teaching. For the Soto Zen School, the teachings of these two founders are closely connected with each other. In spreading the Way of Buddha widely, one of them was internal in his approach while the other was external.After more years of practice in Kyoto and Yura, Keizan Zenji became resident priest of Jomanji in Awa, which is present-day Tokushima Prefecture. He was twenty-seven years old. During the next four years, he gave the Buddhist precepts to more than seventy lay people. From this we can understand Keizan Zenji’s vow to free all sentient beings through teaching and transmitting the Way.He also came forth emphasizing the equality of men and women. He actively promoted his women disciples to become resident priests. At a time when women were unjustly marginalized, this was truly groundbreaking. This is thought to be the origin of the organization of Soto Zen School nuns and it was for this reason many women took refuge in Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha.Keizan Zenji finally moved back to Daijoji, in present-day Kanazawa City, where he became the second abbot, following Gikai Zenji. It was here that he gave teisho on Transmission of Light (Denkoroku). This book explains the circumstances by which the Dharma was transmitted from Shakyamuni Buddha through the twenty eight ancestors in India, the twenty three patriarchs in China, through Dogen Zenji and Keizan Zenji in Japan until Keizan’s teacher, Tettsu Gikai.In 1321 at the age of fifty-eight, a temple called Morookaji in Noto, which is present-day Ishikawa Prefecture, was donated to Keizan Zenji and he renamed it Sojiji. This was the origin of Sojiji in Yokohama, which is, along with Eiheiji, the other Head Temple (Daihonzan) of the Soto Zen School.Keizan Zenji did not, by any means, make light of the worldly interests of ordinary people and along with the practice of zazen used prayer, ritual, and memorial services to teach. This was attractive to many people and gave them a sense of peace. For this reason, the Soto Zen School quickly expanded.Even in the Soto Zen School today, while all temples have zazen groups to serve the earnest requests of believers, they also do their best to fulfill the requests that many people have for benefiting in the everyday world, which include memorial services and funerals.Keizan Zenji died in 1325 at the age of sixty-five. In succeeding years, his disciples did a good job in taking over for him at Sojiji on the Noto Peninsula. However, that temple was lost to fire in 1898. This provided the opportunity in 1907 to move Sojiji to its present location. The former temple was rebuilt as Sojiji Soin and continues today with many supporters and believers. (Source: [https://www.sotozen.com/eng/what/Buddha_founders/dogen_zenji.html Sotozen.com])ha_founders/dogen_zenji.html Sotozen.com]))
Holmes, Katia + (Following an education in France and Ameri … Following an education in France and America, Katia Holmes gained an M.A. in political science at SciencePo in Paris and went on to gain an M.Sc. in economics at the University of Paris. Her research at this time took her to India. Following a year of lecturing at Vincennes University in Paris, in 1970 she stayed for much of a sabbatical year in Kagyu Samye Ling Tibetan Centre in Scotland, which she had visited in 1969. Based in Samye Ling and France, she has dedicated her life since then to the study and preservation of Tibetan wisdom. In 1987 she gained a pre-doctoral DEA diploma in Religious Anthropology of Asia and Africa at the EPHE, Paris. Since 1993, she has concentrated on Tibetan Medicine and has worked in close conjunction with Khenpo Troru Tsenam Rinpoche . . . Katia is the main translator and interpreter for the Tara-Rokpa College of Tibetan Medicine where she is working on a translation of the famous Fourfold Tantra . . . ([http://kagyu.org.za/harare/visiting-teachers/ken-and-katia-holmes-october-23-november-2-2013/ Source Accessed Jul 22, 2020])ber-2-2013/ Source Accessed Jul 22, 2020]))
Tanabe, G. + (For 35 years, Tanabe has been a key figure … For 35 years, Tanabe has been a key figure in Hawaiʻi in the field of religion, mainly in the area of Japanese Buddhism, focusing his efforts on educating students and doing research. He visited Japanese universities and fostered networks with the research faculty and coordinated academic symposiums such as the International Conference on the Lotus Sutra and Japanese Culture.In 1974, Tanabe received a masters of arts in Japanese from the Department of East Asian Languages at Columbia University. He then spent two years researching Buddhist philosophy and history at the University of Tokyo as a foreign research student.In 1977, he joined the faculty of the Department of Religion at UH Mānoa, where he taught religion and Buddhist philosophy for 28 years. Tanabe also served as the chair of the religion department from 1991 to 2001.In 2006, Tanabe became an emeritus professor at the university and continued his writing and lectures. That year, he also became an advisor of the Numata Center at the Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai. In 2001, following the Ehime Maru incident, Tanabe assisted and advised the American side on issues of varying sensitivities involving Japan culture and religion.Among his published titles are ''Japanese Buddhist Temples in Hawaiʻi: An Illustrated Guide'', which he wrote and researched with his wife Willa Tanabe, and ''Practically Religious: Worldly Benefits and the Common Religion of Japan'', co-authored with Ian Reader. He is also general editor for the Topics in Contemporary Buddhism series. ([https://www.hawaii.edu/news/2014/01/30/emeritus-professor-george-tanabe-receives-order-of-the-rising-sun/ Source Accessed June 2, 2023])rising-sun/ Source Accessed June 2, 2023]))
Handrick, D. + (For six months each year, Don Handrick ser … For six months each year, Don Handrick serves as the resident teacher at Thubten Norbu Ling, in Santa Fe, NM, a center affiliated with the Foundation for the Preservation of the Mahayana Tradition (FPMT). During that time, he also teaches at Ksitigarbha Tibetan Buddhist Center in Taos, NM, and volunteers for the Liberation Prison Project, teaching Buddhism once a month at a local prison. Since 2012 he has been an active member of the Interfaith Leadership Alliance of Santa Fe. Don spends the other half of each year as a touring teacher for the FPMT, visiting centers around the world. In 2015, Don had the honor of being selected to lead the renowned November Course, a one month teaching and meditation retreat held annually at Kopan Monastery in Kathmandu, Nepal. Don's study of Buddhism began in 1993 after reading The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying by Sogyal Rinpoche. Over the next two years he practiced with Sogyal Rinpoche's organization, until he began attending classes in 1996 with Venerable Robina Courtin at Tse Chen Ling in San Francisco. Don left the Bay Area in 1998 to attend the FPMT's Masters Program of Buddhist Studies in Sutra and Tantra, a seven-year residential study program conducted at Lama Tzong Khapa Institute in Tuscany, Italy, taught by the scholar and kind Spiritual Friend, Geshe Jampa Gyatso. He successfully completed all five subjects of this program in 2004, receiving an FPMT final certificate with high honors. Don then moved to Santa Fe, serving as the Spiritual Program Coordinator for Thubten Norbu Ling before being appointed resident teacher in 2006. Don has received teachings from many esteemed lamas in the Tibetan Buddhist tradition including His Holiness the Dalai Lama, Lama Zopa Rinpoche, Ribur Rinpoche, Choden Rinpoche, and Khensur Jampa Tegchok. ([https://www.donhandrick.com/about Source Accessed Nov 12, 2020]) Khensur Jampa Tegchok. ([https://www.donhandrick.com/about Source Accessed Nov 12, 2020]))
Rotman, A. + (For the last 25 years, Andy Rotman has eng … For the last 25 years, Andy Rotman has engaged in textual and ethnographic work on the role of narratives, images and markets in South Asia and the religious, social and political functions that they serve. This focus is apparent in his research on early Indian Buddhism, South Asian media and the modern economies of the North Indian bazaar.His recent publications include ''Amar Akbar Anthony: Bollywood, Brotherhood, and the Nation'' (Harvard University Press, 2015), co-written with William Elison and Christian Novetzke, which offers a multiperspectival exegesis of one of India’s most popular films; ''Thus Have I Seen: Visualizing Faith in Early Indian Buddhism'' (Oxford University Press, 2009), which considers the construction of faith as a visual practice in Buddhism, and how seeing and believing function as part of intersecting visual and moral systems; and ''Divine Stories: Translations from the Divyāvadāna, part 1'' (Wisdom Publications, 2008), the first half of a two-part translation of an important collection of ancient Buddhist narratives. This volume inaugurated a new translation series from Wisdom Publications called Classics of Indian Buddhism, of which he is also the chief editor. The second volume, ''Divine Stories: Translations from the Divyāvadāna, part 2'', was published with Wisdom Publications in 2017.Rotman's current research focuses on two book projects, both of which explore the intersection of religion and the market, and the role of mercantilism in creating and resisting moral worlds: (1) ''Bazaar Religion: Marketing and Moral Economics in Modern India'' (Harvard University Press, under contract), a longitudinal study of the main bazaars in Varanasi, which examines the moral economy behind the objective economy of visible transactions and the ways that it creates, mediates and sacralizes various moods and modes of behavior; and (2) ''Saving the World through Commerce? Buddhists, Merchants, and Mercantilism in Early India'', which chronicles the close relationship that Buddhism had with merchants and mercantilism in the early centuries of the Common Era, and how the market left its imprint on the foundations of Buddhism, particularly on Buddhist conceptions of morality.Rotman's courses are concerned with South Asian religion, both premodern and modern, and though he believes that religious studies offer an important heuristic for penetrating the complexities of many social phenomena, he likes to teach materials from a variety of disciplines as a way of triangulating issues. He was trained to examine problems as a scholar of religion and as a philologist, anthropologist and cultural historian, and he trains his students to do the same. Rotman also likes to use nontraditional media in the classroom, such as chromolithographs, advertisements, video archives and devotional recordings to offer insight into under-represented aspects of South Asian religious life, contextualize traditional materials and animate discussions. ([https://www.smith.edu/academics/faculty/andy-rotman Source Accessed July 28, 2021])ndy-rotman Source Accessed July 28, 2021]))
Chaoul, M. + (Founding Director – Jung Center’s Mind Bod … Founding Director – Jung Center’s Mind Body Spirit Institute Adjunct Faculty – Integrative Medicine Program Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation & Integrative Medicine MD Anderson Cancer Center Adjunct Faculty – McGovern Center for Humanities and Ethics McGovern Medical School, UT Health Instructor – Rice University Glasscock School of Continuing Studies, aster of Liberal Studies program Instructor – University of Maryland, Baltimore, Masters in Integrative MedicineDr. Chaoul is the Huffington Foundation Endowed Director of the Mind Body Spirit Institute at the Jung Center of Houston, bringing a new approach for helping healthcare professionals flourish by reducing stress and burnout, and improving health, resilience and nourish the human spirit.He holds a PhD in Tibetan religions from Rice University, and has studied in the Tibetan tradition since 1989, and for almost 30 years with Yongdzin Tenzin Namdak and Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche, completing the 7-year training at Ligmincha Institute in 2000, and also training in Triten Norbutse monastery in Nepal and Menri monastery in India.Alejandro is a Senior Teacher of The 3 Doors, an international organization founded by Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche with the goal of transforming lives through meditation, and since 1995, he has been teaching meditation classes and Tibetan Yoga (Tsa Lung & Trul Khor) workshops nationally and internationally under the auspices of Ligmincha International.In 1999 he began teaching these techniques at the Integrative Medicine Program of the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, TX, where he holds an adjunct faculty position and for the last twenty years has conducted research on the effect of these practices in people with cancer and their caregivers. He is also an adjunct faculty member at The University of Texas’ McGovern Center for Humanities and Ethics, where he teaches medical students in the areas of spirituality, complementary and integrative medicine, and end-of-life care. In addition he is an Instructor at Rice University’s Glasscock School of Continuing Studies Master of Liberal Studies program and an at The University of Maryland, Baltimore, Masters in Integrative Medicine.In addition, he is an advisor to The Rothko Chapel and past board member of The Boniuk Center for Religious Tolerance at Rice University, and founding member of Compassionate Houston. His research and publications focus on mind-body practices in integrative care, examining how these practices can reduce chronic stress, anxiety and sleep disorders and improve quality of life. He is the author of ''Chod Practice in the Bon Tradition'' (SnowLion, 2009), ''Tibetan Yoga for Health and Wellbeing'' (Hay House, 2018), and ''Tibetan Yoga: Magical Movements of Body, Breath & Mind'' (Wisdom Publications, 2021). He has published in the area of religion and medicine, medical anthropology and the interface of spirituality and healing. Dr. Chaoul has been recognized as a Fellow at the Mind & Life Institute. ([https://alechaoul.com/home/about-ale/ Source Accessed Nov 27, 2023]) Institute. ([https://alechaoul.com/home/about-ale/ Source Accessed Nov 27, 2023]))
Antunes da Silva, J. + (Fr. Da Silva was born on December 5, 1957, … Fr. Da Silva was born on December 5, 1957, at Maxial da Campo, Sarzedas in Portugal. After his primary and secondary schooling at Maxial da Campo and Tortosendo, he joined the SVD (The Society of the Divine Word) novitiate at Fátima in 1975 and made his first vows on September 26, 1976. He studied philosophy and theology at the Catholic University, Lisbon. He was ordained priest at Fátima on May 6, 1984.Fr. Da Silva was a missionary in Ghana (Kintampo) from 1986-1989. He then did his master in ‘Religion and Culture’ in Washington D.C. from 1990-1992. For the next eleven years, he was involved in Campus Ministry at Guimarães, Portugal. During this time he was also teacher at the philosophy faculty at Braga. Fr. Da Silva was the Vice provincial (POR) from 1998-2001. Before he was elected as the provincial superior in 2007, he was spiritual director of diocesan seminarians at Braga, Director of “Contacto SVD” and provincial assistant of SVD Lay Missionaries. ([https://fielsvd.wordpress.com/2012/07/11/fr-jose-antunes-da-silva-elected-as-general-council-member/ Source Accessed April 4, 2024])il-member/ Source Accessed April 4, 2024]))
Tarocco, F. + (Francesca Tarocco is Visiting Associate Pr … Francesca Tarocco is Visiting Associate Professor of Buddhist Cultures at NYU Shanghai. Prior to joining NYU Shanghai she was Lecturer in Buddhist Studies and Leverhulme Trust Research Fellow in Chinese History at the University of Manchester, UK. Tarocco’s research interests are in the cultural history of China, Chinese Buddhism, visual culture and urban Asia. Her books include ''The Cultural Practices of Modern Chinese Buddhism: Attuning the Dharma'' (Routledge, 2007 and 2011) and ''The Re-enchantment of Modernity: Buddhism, Photography and Chinese History'' (2018). Her scholarly articles include “The City and the Pagoda: Buddhist Spatial Tactics in Shanghai” (2015), “Terminology and Religious Identity: The Genealogy of the Term Zongjiao,” (2012) and “On the Market: Consumption and Material Culture in Modern Chinese Buddhism” (Religion, 2011). Tarocco is the co-founder and director of the international research initiative Shanghai Studies Society and a fellow of the Critical Collaborations network at the Institute for Advanced Study (NYU). She is the recipient of awards from the Leverhulme Trust, the Sutasoma Foundation and the Chinese Ministry of Education, among many others. Tarocco is a regular contributor of the contemporary visual culture journals ''Parkett'', ''Flash Art International'' and ''Frieze''.===Research Interests===History of Religion in China Shanghai Buddhism Buddhist Visual Culture Chinese Photography Chinese Diasporic Art Global Visual Culture ===Education===PhD, Chinese History, University of London MA, Chinese Studies, University of London MA, Chinese and Buddhist Studies, Venice University ([https://shanghai.nyu.edu/academics/faculty/directory/francesca-tarocco Source Accessed Jan 10, 2020])nghai.nyu.edu/academics/faculty/directory/francesca-tarocco Source Accessed Jan 10, 2020]))
Brassard, F. + (Francis Brassard is from Quebec, Canada. H … Francis Brassard is from Quebec, Canada. He received his PhD from McGill University in religious studies. He also studied at the Institut für Kultur und Geschichte Indiens und Tibets, Hamburg University. His research interests include Buddhist philosophy and psychology, comparative religions and philosophies, and interreligious dialogue. His book, ''The Concept of Bodhicitta in Śāntideva's Bodhicaryāvatāra'', was published by the State University of New York Press (2000). Some of his other publication titles include: "Buddhism" in A Catholic Engagement with the World Religions, Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Book (2010), “Asking the Right Question” in Asian Texts - Asian Contexts: Encountering the Philosophies and Religions of Asia., Albany: SUNY Press (2010), “On the Origin of Religious Discourse” in The Dialectics of the Religious & the Secular: Studies on the Future of Religion. Koninklijke Brill NV (2014) and “Ruđer Bošković and the Structure of the Experience of Scientific Discovery” in Cadmus, Vol. 2, 6, (May 2016). He has taught at Berry College in Rome, Georgia (USA) and Miyazaki International College in Japan. Francis Brassard is a Lecturer at RIT Croatia (Dubrovnik campus). ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/francis-brassard-50992339/ Source Accessed Jan 6, 2021])assard-50992339/ Source Accessed Jan 6, 2021]))
Cook, F. + (Francis Dojun Cook was born and raised in … Francis Dojun Cook was born and raised in a very small town in upstate New York in 1930. He was lucky to be an ordinary kid with ordinary parents. By means of true grit and luck, he managed to acquire several academic degrees and learn something about Buddhism. More luck in the form of a Fulbright Fellowship enabled him to study in Kyoto, Japan, for a year and a half, where he would have learned more had he not spent so much time admiring temple gardens. He now teaches Buddhism at the University of California, Riverside, and is director of translations at the Institute for Transcultural Studies in Los Angeles. He remains ordinary, but to his credit it can be said that he raised four good kids, has a great love for animals, and cooks pretty well. A sign that at last he is becoming more intelligent is that he became a student of Maezumi Roshi several years ago, the best thing he ever did. He is also the author of ''Hua-yen Buddhism: The Jewel Net of Indra'', and of various articles on Buddhism in scholarly journals. ([https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/francis-dojun-cook/ Source Accessed Mar 18, 2021])dojun-cook/ Source Accessed Mar 18, 2021]))
Cleaves, F. + (Francis Woodman Cleaves (born in Boston in … Francis Woodman Cleaves (born in Boston in 1911 and died in New Hampshire on December 31, 1995) was a Sinologist, linguist, and historian who taught at Harvard University, and was the founder of Sino-Mongolian studies in America. He is well known for his translation of ''The Secret History of the Mongols''.Cleaves received his undergraduate degree in Classics from Dartmouth College, and then enrolled in the graduate program in Comparative Philology at Harvard, but transferred to the study of Far Eastern Languages under Serge Elisséeff in the mid-1930s, prior to the formal establishment of the department.In 1935, on a fellowship from the Harvard-Yenching Institute, Cleaves went first to Paris, where he studied Mongolian and other Central Asian languages with the Sinologist Paul Pelliot for three years, then to Beijing where he studied with the Mongolist Antoine Mostaert S.J. Always an avid book collector, he also roamed the stalls and shops in Liulichang, the street for books and antiques. There he accumulated an extensive collection not only in Chinese and Mongolian, his own interests, but also in Manchu, which he did not plan to use himself. The books in Manchu were particularly rare and form the core of Harvard's Manchu collection.Cleaves returned to Harvard in 1941 and taught Chinese in the Department of Far Eastern Languages as well as worked on the Harvard-Yenching Institute Chinese-English dictionary project. In the following year he received his Ph.D. with a dissertation entitled “A Sino-Mongolian Inscription on 1362,” and offered Harvard’s first course on the Mongolian language. Cleaves enlisted in the United States Navy and served in the Pacific. After the war ended, he helped to relocate Japanese citizens who had lived in China back to Japan and sorted through the books they left behind to find those suitable for shipping to the Harvard-Yenching Library.In 1946, Cleaves returned to Harvard and proceeded to teach Chinese and Mongolian, without interruption, for the next thirty-five years. He is unique for being the only professor in the history of the department never to take a sabbatical. He trained his students in the traditional European sinology of his mentors. Among his best-known disciples were Joseph Fletcher, the distinguished Mongolist and historian, and Elizabeth Endicott-West, author of basic studies on the Yuan dynasty and History of Mongolia.Cleaves had an especially close relation with William Hung, a preeminent scholar who had become his friend and mentor when they met in China in the 1930s. A mutual friend recalled that Cleaves was "an old-fashioned gentleman perhaps more at home with his cows, horses, and fellow farmers in New Hampshire than with the academic intrigues of Cambridge," while Hung was a "pragmatic Confucianist." The two would meet every weekday at three to sip tea and perhaps read from the Chinese classics or dynastic histories. Cleaves introduced Hung to the Mongol histories, and Hung published several articles in this field. Hung's article on the ''Secret History of the Mongols'', however, drew conclusions which Cleaves did not feel were correct. Out of respect for his friend, Cleaves did not publish his own translation until 1985, after Hung's death.Cleaves was renowned for his meticulously annotated translations of Chinese and Old Mongolian texts, and consistently emphasized literal philological accuracy over aesthetic beauty. He published over seventy books and articles, many of which were on bilingual Sino-Mongolian stele inscriptions from the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. His largest project was a complete annotated translation of the ''Secret History of the Mongols'', of which only the first volume was ever published. In order to give readers the flavor of the original, Cleaves restricted the vocabulary to words used in Elizabethan English, a decision which made the text hard for some readers to comprehend. In 1984, Paul Kahn published a translation based on Cleaves but using contemporary English.A deeply committed teacher, Cleaves reluctantly retired in 1980, and continued his scholarship on Mongolian history. Much of his work, including notes on the remaining sections of the ''Secret History'' and manuscripts for dozens of additional articles, remained unpublished at the time of his death in 1995. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Woodman_Cleaves Source Accessed Mar 12, 2021])man_Cleaves Source Accessed Mar 12, 2021]))
Villalba, D. + (Francisco Dokushō Villalba, (born November … Francisco Dokushō Villalba, (born November 8, 1956) is a Spanish Buddhist teacher. In 1984, he was the first Spaniard to be recognized as a Zen master. He was a disciple of the Japanese Zen master Taisen Deshimaru, a Zen diffuser in Europe, who ordained him a Zen Buddhist monk in 1978. Villalba became his collaborator, translating into Spanish the works by Deshimaru and was the translator of the first Spanish version of the ''Bodhicaryavatara''. After the death of his teacher in 1982, Villalba returned to Spain, where he founded several Zen centers. In the eighties he traveled to Japan to complete his training. In 1987 he received the Dharma Transmission, recognition as a Zen master and the authorization to found temples and centers from his second master, Shuyu Narita. Villalba is the founder of the Soto Zen Buddhist Community in Spain in 1989 and the Zen Buddhist Monastery Luz Serena, the first Buddhist monastery founded in Spain, where [he] usually resides. Writer, lecturer, and translator of international reputation, he has participated in numerous meetings and debates on religion and interculturality, including the Parliament of the World's Religions. ([https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dokush%C3%B4_Villalba Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021])B4_Villalba Source Accessed Mar 22, 2021]))
Kuiper, F. + (Franciscus Bernardus Jacobus Kuiper (July … Franciscus Bernardus Jacobus Kuiper (July 7, 1907 – November 14, 2003) was a distinguished scholar in Indology, and "one of the last great Indologists of the past century ... His very innovative work covers virtually all the fields of Indo-Iranian and Indo-Aryan philology, linguistics, mythology and theater, as well as Indo-European, Dravidian, Munda and Pan-Indian linguistics."Kuiper was born in The Hague, studied Latin, Greek, Sanskrit, and Indo-European linguistics at Leiden University, and in 1934 completed his doctoral thesis on the nasal presents in Sanskrit and other Indo-European languages. After [serving] years as a high school teacher of Latin and Greek at the lyceum of Batavia (Jakarta), Indonesia, in 1939 he was appointed Professor of Sanskrit at Leiden University.Kuiper was a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences between 1937 and 1939, when he resigned. He became a member again in 1948. He was a Knight in the Order of the Netherlands Lion. He died in Zeist and was buried in the Rijnhof cemetery at Leiden. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciscus_Bernardus_Jacobus_Kuiper Source Accessed July 3, 2023])obus_Kuiper Source Accessed July 3, 2023]))
Schiefner, A. + (Franz Anton (von) Schiefner (Russian Антон … Franz Anton (von) Schiefner (Russian Антон Антонович Шифнер, Anton Antonovič Šifner) was a Baltic German linguist and ethnologist. He is considered one of the founders of Uralistics, Tibetology, Mongolian Studies and Caucasian Studies.Anton Schiefner was born into a Baltic German merchant family in Reval. The family had immigrated to Estonia from Bohemia . After graduating from the Knights and Cathedral School in Reval (Tallinn), he studied law at the University of St. Petersburg from 1836 to 1840 and Oriental Studies at the University of Berlin from 1840 to 1842.From 1843 Schiefner was a teacher of Latin and ancient Greek at a grammar school in Saint Petersburg, from 1863 librarian and later library director at the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. From 1852 he represented the subject of Tibetology at the Academy, of which he was an associate member from 1854 until his death. From 1860 to 1873 he simultaneously held a professorship in Latin and Greek at the Roman Catholic Seminary. In the years 1863, 1865 and 1878 he stayed in England for research purposes. In 1866 he was appointed Real Councilor of State. Schiefner was a corresponding member of the Finnish Literary Society.With numerous publications, Schiefner has made a significant contribution to research into Tibetan and Mongolian. Milestones were his editing of the New Testament in Mongolian and the translation of Buddha texts from Tibetan. In addition, Schiefner was one of the best experts on Finno-Ugric languages of his time. He is famous for his translation of the Finnish national epic ''Kalevala'' under the title ''Kalevala, the national epic of the Finns'', the first translation into the German language (1852). Between 1853 and 1862 he published the work of the young man in twelve volumes Matthias Alexander Castrén, who laid the foundation for academic study of the Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic languages of Russia. In addition, Schiefner devoted himself to the languages of the Caucasus and topics of Indology. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_Schiefner Source Accessed Aug 25, 2023])n_Schiefner Source Accessed Aug 25, 2023]))
Ehrhard, Franz-Karl + (Franz-Karl Ehrhard is a German Tibetologis … Franz-Karl Ehrhard is a German Tibetologist. He teaches at the University of Munich, where he is a professor at the Institute of Tibetology and Buddhist Studies. His research focuses on religious and literary traditions in Tibet and the Himalayas (Nepal, Sikkim, and Bhutan). ([https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=de&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz-Karl_Ehrhard&prev=search Source Accessed Jun 7, 2019])_Ehrhard&prev=search Source Accessed Jun 7, 2019]))
Chenique, F. + (François Chenique is a French essayist and … François Chenique is a French essayist and author of studies on esotericism. He was a professor of computer science at Sciences-Po Paris and participated in the creation of one of the first computer management services within the Society of Pont-à-Mousson. He is a specialist in classical and modern logic and has written several books on this subject. Chenique also held a doctorate in Religious Sciences from the University of Strasbourg. He devoted himself mainly to the study of Christian esotericism in the traditionalist tradition initiated by René Guénon. ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Chenique Source Accessed Oct 18, 2019])is_Chenique Source Accessed Oct 18, 2019]))
Jacquemart, F. + (François Jacquemart : '''This is the given name of [[Tcheuky Sèngué]]. See that page for more information.''')
Pommaret, F. + (Françoise Pommaret (born 1954) is a French … Françoise Pommaret (born 1954) is a French ethno-historian and Tibetologist.Pommaret grew up in the Congo. She received her Master of Arts in the history of art and archeology from the Sorbonne University and completed her studies in Tibetan at the Institut national des langues et civilisations orientalest (INALCO). Her doctoral thesis on "People who come back from the netherland in the Tibetan cultural areas" received the prix Delalande-Guérineau from the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.She holds the position of Director of Research Emeritus at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) in Paris. Her work focuses on cultural anthropology in Bhutan and she has published extensively on different aspects of Bhutanese culture.[2][3]She has worked in Bhutan since 1981 and with the Bhutan Tourism Corporation between 1981 and 1986, after which she participated in educational and cultural projects in Bhutan. She has been a consultant for UNESCO as well as guest-curator for exhibitions. She lectures around the world on aspects of Bhutanese history and culture.Pommaret works as Associate Professor and adviser to the College of Language and Culture Studies (CLCS), Royal University of Bhutan and worked as scientific advisor to the Bhutan Cultural Atlas.Pommaret is also honorary consul of France in Bhutan and the president of the association of Amis du Bhoutan (friends of Bhutan, founded 1987). ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Pommaret Source Accessed Nov 14, 2023])se_Pommaret Source Accessed Nov 14, 2023]))
Pargiter, F. + (Frederick Eden Pargiter (1852 - 18 Februar … Frederick Eden Pargiter (1852 - 18 February 1927) was a British civil servant and Orientalist.Born in 1852, Pargiter was the second son of Rev. Robert Pargiter. He studied at Taunton Grammar School and Exeter College, Oxford where he passed in 1873 with a first-class in mathematics. Pargiter passed the Indian Civil Service examinations and embarked for India in 1875.Pargiter served in India from 1875 to 1906 becoming Under-Secretary to the Government of Bengal in 1885, District and Sessions Court judge in 1887 and a judge of the Calcutta High Court in 1904. Pargiter voluntarily retired in 1906 following the death of his wife and returned to the United Kingdom.Pargiter died at Oxford on 18 February 1927 in his seventy-fifth year.In his Ancient Indian Historical Tradition, taking the accession of Chandragupta Maurya in 321 BC as his reference point, Pargiter dated the Battle of Kurukshetra to 950 BC assigning an average of 14.48 years for each king mentioned in the Puranic lists. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F._E._Pargiter Source Accessed Apr 16, 2022])E._Pargiter Source Accessed Apr 16, 2022]))
Thomas, F. + (Frederick William Thomas CIE FBA (21 March … Frederick William Thomas CIE FBA (21 March 1867 – 6 May 1956), usually cited as F. W. Thomas, was an English Indologist and Tibetologist.Thomas was born on 21 March 1867 in Tamworth, Staffordshire. After schooling at King Edward's School, Birmingham, he went up to Trinity College, Cambridge in 1885, graduating with a first class degree in both classics and Indian languages and being awarded a Browne medal in both 1888 and 1889. At Cambridge he studied Sanskrit under the influential Orientalist Edward Byles Cowell.He was a librarian at the India Office Library (now subsumed into the British Library) between 1898 and 1927. Simultaneously he was lecturer in comparative philology at University College, London from 1908 to 1935, Reader in Tibetan at London University from 1909 to 1937 and the Boden Professor of Sanskrit at Oxford University between 1927 and 1937, in which capacity he became a fellow of Balliol College. His students at Oxford included Harold Walter Bailey.Thomas became a Fellow of the British Academy in 1927. He died on 6 May 1956.Thomas collaborated with Jacques Bacot in publishing a collection of Old Tibetan historical texts. In addition he studied many Old Tibetan texts himself which were collected in his four-volume Tibetan literary texts and documents concerning Chinese Turkestan and Ancient folk-literature from North-Eastern Tibet. He also published a monograph on the Nam language, and wrote an unpublished work on the Zhangzhung language.His catalogues of the Tibetan manuscripts from Central Asia brought to the India Office Library by Marc Aurel Stein remained unpublished until 2007, when his catalogue of Tibetan manuscripts from Stein's third expedition was published on the website of the International Dunhuang Project. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_William_Thomas_(philologist) Source Accessed Apr 22, 2022])hilologist) Source Accessed Apr 22, 2022]))
Bosch, F. + (Frederik David Kan Bosch (Potchefstroom, T … Frederik David Kan Bosch (Potchefstroom, Transvaal, 17 June 1887 - Leiden, 20 July 1967) was an archaeological scientist and restorer of the Borobudur and Prambanan on Java from 1915 to 1936. ([https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederik_David_Kan_Bosch Source Accessed Sep 14, 2021])d_Kan_Bosch Source Accessed Sep 14, 2021]))
Liland, F. + (Fredrik Liland's education and work experi … Fredrik Liland's education and work experience have mainly been in the areas of culture, religion and language, and especially the topic of Buddhism. He lived in Nepal in retreat from 2014 to 2019. Prior to this, he was mostly engaged in work that involved research and dissemination. He has experience as a translator, word processor, teacher, project manager, and book and web designer. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/fredrik-liland-b375371a7/ Adapted from Source Feb 8, 2021])75371a7/ Adapted from Source Feb 8, 2021]))
Burnouf, E. + (French Orientalist and seminal figure in t … French Orientalist and seminal figure in the development of Buddhist Studies as an academic discipline. He was born in Paris on April 8, 1801, the son of the distinguished classicist Jean-Louis Burnouf (1773–1844). He received instruction in Greek and Latin from his father and studied at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand. He entered the École des Chartes in 1822, receiving degrees in both letters and law in 1824. He then turned to the study of Sanskrit, both with his father and with Antoine Léonard de Chézy (1773–1832). In 1826, Burnouf published, in collaboration with the young Norwegian-German scholar Christian Lassen (1800–1876), ''Essai sur le pâli'' (“Essay on Pāli”). After the death of Chézy, Burnouf was appointed to succeed his teacher in the chair of Sanskrit at the Collège de France. His students included some of the greatest scholars of the day; those who would contribute to Buddhist studies included Philippe Edouard Foucaux (1811–1894) and Friedrich Max Müller. Shortly after his appointment to the chair of Sanskrit, the Société Asiatique, of which Burnouf was secretary, received a communication from Brian Houghton Hodgson, British resident at the court of Nepal, offering to send Sanskrit manuscripts of Buddhist texts to Paris. The receipt of these texts changed the direction of Burnouf's scholarship for the remainder his life. After perusing the ''Aṣtasāhasrikāprajñāpãramitā'' and the ''Lalitavistara'', he decided to translate the ''Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra''. Having completed the translation, he decided to precede its publication with a series of studies. He completed only the first of these, published in 1844 as ''Introduction à l’histoire du Buddhisme indien''. This massive work is regarded as the foundational text for the academic study of Buddhism in the West. (Source: "Burnouf, Eugène." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 158. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Lévi, S. + (French Orientalist who wrote on Eastern re … French Orientalist who wrote on Eastern religion, literature, and history and is particularly noted for his dictionary of Buddhism.Appointed a lecturer at the school of higher studies in Paris (1886), he taught Sanskrit at the Sorbonne (1889–94) and wrote his doctoral dissertation, ''Le Théâtre indien'' (1890; "The Indian Theatre"), which became a standard treatise on the subject. After his appointment as professor at the Collège de France (1894–1935), he toured India and Japan (1897 and 1898) and published ''La Doctrine du sacrifice dans les Brâhmanas'' (1898; "The Doctrine of Sacrifice in the Brāhmaṇas"). Another book resulting from these travels was ''Le Népal: Étude historique d’un royaume hindou'', 3 vol. (1905–08; "Nepal: Historical Study of a Hindu Kingdom"). In ''L’Inde et le monde'' (1926; "India and the World"), he discussed India's role among nations.Subsequent travels to East Asia (1921–23) generated his major work, ''Hôbôgirin. Dictionnaire du Bouddhisme d’après les sources chinoises et japonaises'' (1929; "Hōbōgirin. Dictionary of Buddhism Based on Chinese and Japanese Sources"), produced in collaboration with the Japanese Buddhist scholar Takakusu Junjirō.Lévi also worked with the French linguist Antoine Meillet on pioneer studies of the Tocharian languages spoken in Chinese Turkistan in the 1st millennium AD. He determined the dates of texts in Tocharian B and published ''Fragments de textes koutchéens'' . . . (1933; "Fragments of Texts from Kucha"). ([https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sylvain-Levi Source Accessed Jan 29, 2020])ylvain-Levi Source Accessed Jan 29, 2020]))
Müller, M. + (Friedrich Max Müller (1823-1900), Sanskrit … Friedrich Max Müller (1823-1900), Sanskrit scholar and philologist, was a pioneer in the fields of Vedic studies, comparative philosophy, comparative mythology and comparative religion. Müller was born on 6 December 1823 in Dessau, Germany, to the popular lyric poet Willhelm Müller and his wife Adelheid, the eldest daughter of Präsident von Basedow, the prime minister of the Anhalt-Dessau duchy. [...] Müller won a scholarship allowing him to attend the University of Leipzig.In 1841, Müller entered the University of Leipzig, concentrating on the study of Latin and Greek and reading Philosophy – in particular the thought of G. F. W. Hegel. He was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1843, at the age of 19, for his dissertation, ‘On the Third Book of Spinoza’s Ethics, De Affectibus.’ Müller travelled to Berlin in 1844 to study with Friedrich Schelling, whose lectures proved to be very influential to his intellectual development. Whilst in Berlin, he was also given access to the Chambers collection of Sanskrit manuscripts. At Schelling’s request, Müller translated some of the most important passages of the Upanishads, which he understood to be the greatest outcome of Vedic literature. He emphasised the necessity of studying the ancient hymns of the Veda in order to be able to appreciate the historical growth of the Indian mind during the Vedic age. Müller was convinced that all mythological and religious theories would remain without a solid foundation until the whole of the Rig Veda had been published.Müller arrived in Paris in 1845 where he studied with the famous French Sanskrit scholar Eugene Burnouff, with whom he remained friends for many years. Burnouff encouraged Müller to undertake the preparation and publication of a full edition of the Rig Veda; this project proved to be his most significant and lasting contribution to scholarship. To further his work on the Rig Veda, Müller came to London in June 1846 to work with manuscripts in the library of the East India Company, which eventually underwrote much of the expense of printing Müller’s Rig Veda. While Müller initially came to England to spend three weeks in Oxford, he stayed in England, making it his home for the remainder of his life. He became a close friend of William Howard Russell, the famous Times correspondent, and Baron von Bunsen, the Prussian ambassador in London. Müller was visiting Paris in early 1848 when the revolution began, but he and his valuable manuscripts were able to return unscathed to England. In 1849 Oxford University Press published Müller’s first volume of the Rig Veda, the sixth and final volume of which was not published until 1874. In 1851 he was appointed Professor of Modern European Languages at Oxford and was made full professor in 1854. He became a naturalized British citizen in 1855, and he married Georgina Adelaide on 3 August 1859; their marriage produced four children.In 1860, Müller was considered for Professor of Sanskrit at Oxford. The chair has been left vacant due to the death of the previous professor, and Müller was by far the most eligible candidate. However, at this time in Oxford, candidates for professorships were elected by all those holding MA degrees from the University (mostly clergymen), and much more attention was paid to a candidate’s political and religious view than to his academic qualifications. Müller’s Christianity, which was of a liberal Lutheran variety, was brought under considerable scrutiny, and the supporters of Müller’s evangelical competitor even waged a defamation campaign against him in the press. Their efforts were successful, for the post went to the less qualified candidate. [Monier-Williams] After Müller’s bitter disappointment at being passed over for the professorship, the focus of his career shifted slightly. He continued to work on his monumental Rig Veda, but most of his time was devoted to the preparation of books and lectures on comparative philosophy and mythology written with the public in mind. He delivered a series of very popular lectures at the Royal Institution, London, on the science of language in 1861 and 1863, which were quickly published and reprinted fifteen times between 1861 and 1899. His contributions to such public discourse brought a level of recognition that considerably made up for his aforementioned disappointment, and he was generally thought to be a leading figure of public life in Victorian England.In 1868 the University of Oxford created a new Chair of Comparative Philology, and Müller became its first occupant. This new post was accompanied by a decrease of lecturing responsibilities and an increase in salary, both of which were welcome changes. After twenty-five years of service at Oxford, he formed a small society of the best Oriental scholars from Europe and India, and they began to publish a series of translations of the Sacred Books of the East. Müller devoted the last thirty years of his life to writing and lecturing on comparative religion. In 1873 he published Introduction to the Science of Religion, and he delivered lectures on the subject at the Royal Institution (1870) and Westminster Abbey (1873). In 1878 Müller inaugurated the annual Hibbert lectures on the science of religion at Westminster Abbey, and he was invited to deliver the Gifford Lectures in Natural Theology at the University of Glasgow. [...]Müller’s other important project during those years was founding and editing of a series of English translations of Indian, Arabic, Chinese and Iranian religious texts. Müller translated selections from the hymns of the Rig Veda, the Upanishads, and the Dhammapada, a Buddhist text and also contributed to The Sacred Books of the East published by Oxford University Press. By 1900, at the time of Müller’s death, forty-eight translated volumes had been published in the series, with only one volume remaining to be published. [...] [https://www.giffordlectures.org/lecturers/friedrich-max-müller Source: Gifford Lectures]ordlectures.org/lecturers/friedrich-max-müller Source: Gifford Lectures])
Weller, F. + (Friedrich Weller (born July 22, 1889 in Ma … Friedrich Weller (born July 22, 1889 in Markneukirchen, † November 19, 1980 in Leipzig) was a German philologist and Indologist. After graduating from high school, Friedrich Weller devoted himself to studying philology at the University of Leipzig before starting his work on ''Zum Lalita'' in 1915. . . . After completing his habilitation in Indology at the University of Leipzig in 1922, he was appointed private lecturer in Chinese and East Asian religious history at the Philological and Historical Department of the Faculty of Philosophy, which he completed until 1928. Immediately thereafter, Weller received the unscheduled professorship for Sanskrit , Chinese and East Asian religious history, before he took over the chair for Indian philology in 1938, which he held until his retirement in 1958. In 1933 he signed the professors' declaration of Adolf Hitler at German universities and colleges.Weller was a full member of the Saxon Academy of Sciences from 1943 to 1980. In 1955 he was awarded the GDR's second class national prize for science and technology. In recognition of his services in the field of Indology, the Friedrich Weller Prize, endowed with 2500 euros, was launched in 1985. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Weller_(Philologe) Source Accessed Mar 10, 2021])(Philologe) Source Accessed Mar 10, 2021]))
Capriles-Arias, E. + (From 1993 to 2003 Elías-Manuel Capriles-Ar … From 1993 to 2003 Elías-Manuel Capriles-Arias filled the Chair of Eastern Studies at the Faculty of Humanities and Education, University of The Andes, Mérida, Venezuela (originally ascribed to the Dean’s Office and then to the Department of Philosophy). Thereafter he has been ascribed to the Center of Studies on Africa and Asia, School of History, same Faculty and University, where he teaches Philosophy and elective subjects on the problems of globalization, Buddhism, Asian Religions and Eastern Arts.Besides teaching at the University, Capriles is an instructor of Buddhism and Dzogchen certified by the Tibetan Master of these disciplines, Chögyal Namkhai Norbu; in this field, he has taught in Venezuela, Peru, Spain, Costa Rica and Chile. ([https://eliascapriles.com/ Source Accessed Apr 17, 2023])priles.com/ Source Accessed Apr 17, 2023]))
Lopez, M. + (From Academia.edu: I am a scholar of Bud … From Academia.edu: I am a scholar of Buddhism with a particular regional focus on Tibet and the Himalayas (Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan). I am an Assistant Professor of Religion at New College of Florida, where I teach courses on Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism, Buddhism in Bhutan, Buddhist Contemplative Systems, Hinduism, and Asian Religions in general.I am currently working on a research project that explores the changes in the monastic curriculum that have taken place in the Himalayan Kingdom of Bhutan over the last few decades. This project is a collaboration with Prof. Dorji Gyeltshen, of the Jigme Singye Wangchuck School of Law. For our project, we are visiting monastic institutions all throughout Bhutan (monasteries and nunneries), both Drukpa Kagyu (such as Tango University) and Nyingma (such as Tamzhing Lhündrup Monastery), in order to explore the changing monastic educational landscape in the country. We are also studying this issue in the larger context of the curricular changes that have occurred all throughout the Buddhist world in the 20th century (including Tibet, China, and Taiwan). The first research trip for this project took place during the summer of 2018.I am also working on another book project under the title A Light in the Darkness: Meditation and the Construction of Tibetan Buddhism, that explores the diversity of Buddhist contemplative practices popular across Asia around the turn of the first millennia (10th century) through the life and works of the Tibetan scholar Nupchen Sangyé Yeshé. His biography presents a complex and fascinating figure (pious, but also willing to resort to violence if necessary in order to protect Buddhism) who traveled tirelessly across the continent (Nepal, India, Gilgit) in search of Buddhist teachings.Finally, I have also worked on a research project, with the working title From Suffering to Happiness: Buddhism and its transformations in the West that explores the evolution on the perception and interpretation of Buddhism in the West (from suffering to happiness) beginning with German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer’s pessimistic presentation of the tradition in his 1818 work The World as Will and Representation, to the radically different presentation of the tradition in the last two decades in works such as Dalai Lama’s 1998 book The Art of Happiness and Thich Nhat Hanh’s 2009 Happiness: Essential Mindfulness Practices. Has Buddhism changed? Or is the West reinterpreting the Buddhist tradition to suit a different existential outlook on human nature? What is the role of some Buddhist figures in this transformation? Are figures like the Dalai Lama and Thich Nhat Hanh simply applying the old Buddhist practice of Skillful Means (Skt. upāya) in their explanation of Buddhism to a Western audience, or are they dramatically changing the nature of the Buddhist doctrine as its being introduced in the West? My project explores these questions while questioning our definitions a Buddhism in particular, and religion in general.I am also interested in the intersection of religion and popular culture and write about it in a blog.I completed my undergraduate studies at the University Pompey Fabra (UPF) in Barcelona, Spain and my graduate work at the University of Virginia. I also have extensive experience studying in Asia. Between 1999 and 2001, I studied Tibetan and Chinese as well as Buddhism and Tibetan literature at Northwest Minorities University in Lanzhou (Gansu Province), and at Tibet University, in Lhasa (Tibetan Autonomous Region). In 2013, I studied and did field research for my dissertation at Minzu University of China. Between 2003 and 2009 I also worked as director and lecturer of the SIT Study Abroad Tibetan and Himalayan Studies Program, based in Kathmandu, Nepal, which allowed me to experience and study the rich diversity of the religious traditions across the Himalayas, as I lived, worked, and traveled in Northern India (Dharamsala), Nepal, Bhutan, and Tibet itself.Supervisors: Kurtis Schaeffer, David Germano, Jacob Dalton, Paul Groner, and John Shepherdcob Dalton, Paul Groner, and John Shepherd)
Sueki, F. + (Fumihiko Sueki, PhD, is a professor emerit … Fumihiko Sueki, PhD, is a professor emeritus of the University of Tokyo, the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, and the International Research Center for Japanese Studies. His research focuses mainly on reconstruction of the intellectual history of Buddhism in Japan from ancient to modern times. He is the author and editor of a number of books, mainly on Japanese Buddhism and the history of Japanese philosophy and religion. ([https://rk-world.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/DW18_7-12.pdf Source Accessed Sep 17, 2021])18_7-12.pdf Source Accessed Sep 17, 2021]))
Funayama, T. + (Funayama Toru, born in 1961, is currently … Funayama Toru, born in 1961, is currently a professor of Buddhist studies at Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. His research mainly covers two different areas in the history of Buddhism. One is Chinese Buddhism from the fifth–seventh centuries, a period from the late Six Dynasties period up to early Tang; his focuses are on the formation of Chinese Buddhist translation and apocrypha, spread of the notion of Mahayana precepts, the exegetical tradition on the ''Nirvana Sutra'', and so on. The other is philological and philosophical issues in Buddhist epistemology and logic in India from the fifth–tenth centuries, particularly Kamalaśīla's (the late eighth century) theory of perception. In both areas, he is interested in the concept of saintliness as firmly related with the system of practice. ([https://www.iias.asia/profile/toru-funayama Source Accessed June 16, 2020])u-funayama Source Accessed June 16, 2020]))
Stcherbatsky, T. + (Fyodor Ippolitovich Shcherbatskoy or Stche … Fyodor Ippolitovich Shcherbatskoy or Stcherbatsky (30 August 1866–18 March 1942), often referred to in the literature as F. Th. Stcherbatsky, was a Russian Indologist who, in large part, was responsible for laying the foundations in the Western world for the scholarly study of Buddhism and Buddhist philosophy. He was born in Kielce, Poland (Russian Empire), and died at the Borovoye Resort in northern Kazakhstan.Stcherbatsky studied in the famous Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum (graduating in 1884), and later in the Historico-Philological Faculty of Saint Petersburg University (graduating in 1889), where Ivan Minayeff and Serge Oldenburg were his teachers. Subsequently, sent abroad, he studied Indian poetry with Georg Bühler in Vienna, and Buddhist philosophy with Hermann Jacobi in Bonn. In 1897, he and Oldenburg inaugurated ''Bibliotheca Buddhica'', a library of rare Buddhist texts.Returning from a trip to India and Mongolia, in 1903 Stcherbatsky published (in Russian) the first volume of ''Theory of Knowledge and Logic of the Doctrine of Later Buddhists'' ( 2 vols., St. Petersburg, 1903-1909 ). In 1928 he established the Institute of Buddhist Culture in Leningrad. His ''The Conception of Buddhist Nirvana'' (Leningrad, 1927), written in English, caused a sensation in the West. He followed suit with his main work in English, ''Buddhist Logic'' (2 vols., 1930–32), which has exerted an immense influence on Buddhology.Although Stcherbatsky remained less well known in his own country, his extraordinary fluency in Sanskrit and Tibetan languages won him the admiration of Jawaharlal Nehru and Rabindranath Tagore. According to Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya, "Stcherbatsky did help us – the Indians – to discover our own past and to restore the right perspective of our own philosophical heritage." The Encyclopædia Britannica (2004 edition) acclaimed Stcherbatsky as "the foremost Western authority on Buddhist philosophy". ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyodor_ShcherbatskoySource Accessed Sept 25, 2020])cherbatskoySource Accessed Sept 25, 2020]))
Staron, G. + (Gabriele Staron is a translator who took p … Gabriele Staron is a translator who took part in the Translator Training Program 2006-2008 initiated by Venerable Khenchen Konchog Gyaltsen Rinpoche from the Drikung Kagyu Institute, Dehradun. She has translated Ayang Thubten Rinpoche’s ''Rays of Sunlight'', a commentary on Zhedang Dorje's ''The Heart of the Mahāyāna Teachings'', a detailed guide to the stages of the path to awakening.de to the stages of the path to awakening.)
Nagao, G. + (Gadjin Masato Nagao was a long-time profes … Gadjin Masato Nagao was a long-time professor of Buddhist Studies at Kyoto University, and arguably the most insightful,profound and positively influential Japanese scholar of Buddhism in the twentieth century. His scholarship, characterized by its philosophical penetration, sympathy with its object, restraint and breadth, his teaching, characterized by its rigor and highexpectations, and his service, characterized by its generosity and enthusiasm, combined to make him an almost legendary figure. (Adapted from the obituary by Jonathan A. Silk in ''The Eastern Buddhist'' 36, no. 1/2 (2004): 243-51).rn Buddhist'' 36, no. 1/2 (2004): 243-51).)
Sga bla ma 'jam dbyangs rgyal mtshan + (Gapa Khenpo Jamyang Chökyi Gyaltsen or Khe … Gapa Khenpo Jamyang Chökyi Gyaltsen or Khenpo Jamgyal (1870-1940) was the third khenpo of Dzongsar shedra. He was a student of Loter Wangpo as well as Khenpo Shenga. He was a teacher of Dezhung Rinpoche and Khenpo Appey. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Khenpo_Jamyang_Gyaltsen Rigpa Wiki])title=Khenpo_Jamyang_Gyaltsen Rigpa Wiki]))
Garchen Rinpoche + (Garchen Rinpoche, Konchog Gyaltsen (mgar c … Garchen Rinpoche, Konchog Gyaltsen (mgar chen dkon mchog rgyal mtshan, b. 1949), is a master ofthe Drigung Kagyu tradition. By the time he finally left Tibet in the 1990s, he had spent twenty-three years imprisoned by the Chinese. Of his time in prison, twenty years were spent in the company of his teacher, Khenpo Munsel (mkhan po mun sel, 1916-1994). Since coming out of Tibet, he has been tirelessly teaching throughout the world. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond) the world. (Source: Enlightened Vagabond))
Sparham, G. + (Gareth Sparham was a monk for more than tw … Gareth Sparham was a monk for more than twenty years and an oral interpreter for many learned lamas while living in India. He holds a PhD in Asian Studies from the University of British Columbia. The author and translator of numerous works, many focusing on the writings of Tsongkhapa, he has taught Tibetan language at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and the University of California at Berkeley. He lives with his wife in Walnut Creek, California. (Source: [https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/gareth-sparham/ Wisdom Experience])author/gareth-sparham/ Wisdom Experience]))
Chang, G. + (Garma Chen-Chi Chang was Emeritus Professo … Garma Chen-Chi Chang was Emeritus Professor of Religious Studies at the Pennsylvania State University and a renowned Buddhist scholar. His books include ''The Buddhist Teaching of Totality'' and ''The Practice of Zen'', as well as his English translation of the Tibetan classic, ''The 100,000 Songs of Milarepa''. ([https://www.psupress.org/books/titles/0-271-00341-3.html Source Accessed May 20, 2021])0341-3.html Source Accessed May 20, 2021]))
Donnelly, G. + (Gary Donnelly is an academic advisor at th … Gary Donnelly is an academic advisor at the University of Manchester, and lectures in Indic Religious Traditions at Liverpool Hope University. He holds a PhD in Indian Philosophy, specializing in Theravada, Madhyamaka, Yogacara, and Vedanta traditions. ([https://www.lionsroar.com/author/gary-donnelly/ Source Accessed April 25, 2024])donnelly/ Source Accessed April 25, 2024]))
Gautama Prajñāruci + (Gautama Prajñāruci (Jutan Boreliuzhi 瞿曇般若流 … Gautama Prajñāruci (Jutan Boreliuzhi 瞿曇般若流支, fl. 538–543) was a translator of Indian texts into Chinese and is said to have reached China in 516. Among the texts he translated include Vasubandhu's ''Viṃśatikā'', Nāgārjuna's ''Vigrahavyāvartanī'' (co-translated with *Vimokṣa Prajñārṣi 毘目智仙), and the ''Saddharmasmṛtyupasthānasūtra'' (T721) ca. A.D. 538–541..pasthānasūtra'' (T721) ca. A.D. 538–541. .)
Kilty, G. + (Gavin Kilty has been a full-time translato … Gavin Kilty has been a full-time translator for the Institute of Tibetan Classics since 2001. Before that he lived in Dharamsala, India, for fourteen years, where he spent eight years training in the traditional Geluk monastic curriculum through the medium of class and debate at the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics. He has also taught Tibetan language courses in India, Nepal, and elsewhere, and is a translation reviewer for the organization 84000, Translating the Words of the Buddha. He received the 2017 Shantarakshita Award from Tsadra Foundation for his translation of ''A Lamp to Illuminate the Five Stages''. Other published translations are ''The Fourteenth Dalai Lama's Stages of the Path, Volume 1'' (2022), ''The Life of My Teacher'' (2017), ''Mirror of Beryl'' (2010), ''Ornament of Stainless Light'' (2004), and '' The Splendor of an Autumn Moon'' (2001). ([https://conference.tsadra.org/session/special-address-2017-shantarakshita-award/ Source: Tsadra Foundation])akshita-award/ Source: Tsadra Foundation]))
Sekimori, G. + (Gaynor Sekimori is presently Research Asso … Gaynor Sekimori is presently Research Associate in the Centre for the Study of Japanese Religions, SOAS, London, and a Visiting Professor at Kôkugakuin University, Tôkyô. She is also a Council member of the Association for the Study of Japanese Mountain Religion and Shugendô. She was Associate Professor and Managing Editor of the ''International Journal of Asian Studies'', University of Tôkyô, 2001-2007, and continues to work professionally as an academic editor and translator. Her research interests include Shugendô history, ritual study (Haguro Shugendô), female exclusion from sacred sites, and Edo popular cults (Otake Dainichi Nyorai) and she has published numerous articles on these topics. She translated and edited Miyake Hitoshi's ''Mandala of the Mountain: Shugendô and Folk Religion'' (Tôkyô, 2005). ([https://publications.efeo.fr/en/author/1100_gaynor-sekimori Source Accessed Apr 23, 2021])or-sekimori Source Accessed Apr 23, 2021]))

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