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Dhargyey, Ngawang + (The Most Venerable Geshe Ngawang Dhargyey … The Most Venerable Geshe Ngawang Dhargyey was born on the 13th of the fifth Tibetan month in the year of the Iron-Bird (1921) in the town of Yätsak (or Ya Chak) in the Trehor district of Tibet's eastern province Kham. He was soon enrolled in the large local Dhargyey Monastery of the Gelug tradition, where he took pre-novice ordination vows. Although he was enrolled there he studied mainly in the village Sakya monastery, Lona Gonpa where he received instruction in reading, writing, grammar etc, and learned numerous texts and practices by heart. His teachers there included two of his uncles, as well as Kushu Gonpä Rinpoche, who was a master of all the five major fields of learning.Image of Gen RinpocheAt the age of eighteen Gen Rinpoche left his home country to further his spiritual education at Sera Monastery, the great monastic university in Lhasa. There he underwent extensive training in all the five divisions of Buddhist philosophical study: Logic, Perfection of Wisdom, the Middle View, Metaphysics, and Ethical Discipline. This was interspersed with periods of intensive retreat at some of the many hermitages near Sera. By the time he was nineteen he had already mastered his studies sufficiently to become a scriptural teacher, and he began to have many students of his own. At the age of 21, he took full ordination vows of a Bhikshu from the widely renowned Purchog Jamgön Rinpoche. He also received numerous teachings, initiations and commentaries from the great Lamas of that time such as Kyabje Trijang Dorje Chang (His Holiness the Dalai Lama's Tutor), Bakri Dorje Chang, Lhatsün Dorje Chang, Gönsar Dorje Chang and others. His monastic teachers were the great scholar- practitioners Gen Sherab Wangchuk, Gen Chöntse, and the now Gyume Kensur Ugyän Tseten.He studied in Sera in Tibet for twenty years until, in 1959, Chinese oppression forced him to leave Tibet. Two years earlier he had been appointed tutor to two high incarnate lamas, Lhagön Rinpoche and Thupten Rinpoche. The three escaped from Chinese occupied Tibet together taking a long and dangerous journey of nine months under Chinese gunfire and snowstorms until they reached the Mustang region of Nepal. From Mustang it was a comparatively easy journey to India, where they joined His Holiness the Dalai Lama and some of Gen Rinpoche's other teachers.In India, after a brief pilgrimage to the sacred Buddhist sites, he took up his studies once again, and for several continued tutoring the tulkus (incarnate lamas). In the mid 1960s, he was chosen along with fifty-five other scholars to attend an Acarya course at Mussourie (north of Delhi). During his year in Mussourie, he and the other scholars wrote textbooks for the Tibetan refugee schools being established in India at that time. He then returned to Dalhousie where, over various periods, he continued to teach another seven incarnate lamas. He also finished his Geshe studies and, in oral examinations held at the Buxador refugee camp in Assam in eastern India (the seat of Sera monastery at that time) he gained the highest grade (First Class) Lharampa Geshe.In 1971 he was asked by His Holiness the Dalai Lama to start a teaching program for westerners at the newly constructed Library of Tibetan Works and Archives in Dharamsala, northern India. Two of his incarnate lama disciples, Sharpa Rinpoche and Kamlung Rinpoche, acted as translators. He stayed there, teaching very extensively to thousands of Westerners, until 1984. During this time he himself received extensive and often exclusive teachings from His Holiness the Dalai Lama and from both of the tutors, Kyabje Trijang Rinpoche and Kyabje Ling Rinpoche.In 1982 he travelled to the West for the first time to take up a one-semester visiting professorship for at the University of Washington in Seattle. This was followed by a year-long extensive tour of Buddhist teaching centres all over North America, Europe and Australasia.He spent six weeks in New Zealand during this tour, and at the end of the visit he was requested to establish a Buddhist centre here. In 1985 His Holiness advised Gen Rinpoche to come to New Zealand, initially for one and a half years, to establish a centre. After a six month tour of Australia, he arrived in Dunedin in mid 1985. Due to the success of the Buddhist centre he remained here, occasionally travelling to other parts of New Zealand and to Australia on teaching tours.Gen Rinpoche was a wonderful teacher who loved to teach the great treatises, as well as experiential teachings which distilled their essence. He gave his last formal teaching in February 1995 in Dunedin. Gen Rinpoche entered into the death process on the 11th August 1995 (the 16th of the 6th Tibetan month) remaining in meditation for of three days.His body was cremated with full traditional Tibetan funerary rites at Portobello, near Dunedin on 17th August (22nd of the 6th Tibetan month). Kushu Lhagön Rinpoche, one of Gen Rinpoche's tulku disciples, presided over the Great Offering to His Holy Body Ceremony at a specially built cremation stupa. ([https://dbc.dharmakara.net/GNDBiography.html Source Accessed Feb 24, 2023])graphy.html Source Accessed Feb 24, 2023]))
Jayamaṅgalo, S. + (The Most Venerable Phra Thepyanmongkol was … The Most Venerable Phra Thepyanmongkol was born on 6 March 1929. While he was a layman, he worked as a research specialist at the United States Information Services (USIS) in Bangkok. Also, he was a visiting lecturer in research methodology, research and evaluation, and public opinion surveys to various academic institutions in Thailand. Sermchai began practicing meditation in 1970. After he made an attainment according to the Dhammakaya Meditation, he furthered his meditation to the advanced level with the Most Venerable Master Phrarajbrahmathera (Veera Kanuttamo), the vice abbot and head of Vipassana Meditation department of Wat Paknam in Bangkok, who studied the superknowledge of Dhammakaya directly with the Most Venerable Grand Master Phramongkolthepmuni (Luang Por Wat Paknam). After his achievement in meditation, Sermchai entered Buddhist monkhood on 6 March 1986. As a Buddhist monk, he spent years studying Buddhist doctrine and Pali language until he completed the advanced level of Dhamma study and level six of Pali curriculum. In 1991, he established Wat Luang Phor Sodh Dhammakayaram to be a center for Dhamma study and meditation practice in Rajaburi Province. In 1996, he became a certified Buddhist preceptor. As a recognition to his works which benefit Buddhism and the society, Venerable Sermchai was promoted for the first time to the ecclesiastical title of Phra Bhavana Visutthikhun in 1998. In 2004, he was promoted to the title of Phra Rajyanvisith. He was promoted again to the higher ecclesiastical title of Phra Thepyanmongkol in 2011. Throughout years of his monkhood, the Most Venerable Sermchai has promoted Dhamma study and Dhammakaya Meditation practice in order to create peace among human societies. With his qualified knowledge gained from the modern education system and profession as well as knowledge about Dhamma doctrine and meditation experience, the Most Venerable Sermchai has authored many books on Buddhism and meditation. In addition, as the abbot of Wat Luang Phor Sodh Dhammakayaram, he has organized meditation retreat and training for both Thais and foreigners. Venerable Master Sermchai initiated many projects which benefit Buddhism and the propagation of Dhammakaya Meditation which includes the establishment of Buddhist college located within the area of his temple in Rajaburi Provice. Consequently, with his work achievement and qualification, in July 2018, Venerable Master Sermchai (Phrathepyanmongkol) was granted the title of 'Associate Professor' by Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University (MCU) which is the prominent Buddhist University in Thailand. ([https://www.meditation101.org/14497024/venerable-master-assoc-professor-sermchai-jayamanggalo Source Accessed Apr 4, 2022])jayamanggalo Source Accessed Apr 4, 2022]))
Gangkar Rinpoche, 9th + (The Ninth Gangkar Lama, Karma Shedrub Chok … The Ninth Gangkar Lama, Karma Shedrub Chokyi Sengge (gangs dkar bla ma 09 karma bshad sgrub chos kyi seng ge) was born in a place called Sade (sa sde) in Minyak (mi nyag). His father was named Draknak Trinle (brag nag 'phrin las) and his mother was named Draknak Drolma (brag nag sgrol ma).When he was three years old, the Fifteenth Karmapa, Khakhyab Dorje (karma pa 15 mkha' khyab rdo rje, 1870-1921) sent a letter from Lhasa recognizing him as the reincarnation of the Eighth Gangkar Lama, Karma Tsering Wangpo (gangs dkar bla ma 08 karma tshe ring dbang po, d.u.). At that time, Khamsum Drakgon Monastery, the seat of the lineage, was not able to accommodate him as it only had a poorly built prayer hall and a deity shrine, so he was placed in a temple near the monastery.After the recognition procedures, a monk named Lama Norbu (bla ma nor bu), an expert in monastic rituals, was appointed as his private tutor to teach him how to read at the age of five.During his childhood, he listened to tales told by the elders in the village where the temple was situated, including those drawn from the lives of the saints such as Tangtong Gyelpo (thang stong rgyal po, 1361-1485). He developed a keen interest in Kagyu masters and requested to study in one of the major monasteries of the tradition. His tutor Lama Norbu also told the leaders of the monastery that the young lama had learned all the things he had to teach.In 1910 he was sent to Pelpung (dpal spungs) Monastery where his previous incarnation had also studied. There he met with the Eleventh Situ, Pema Wangchok Gyelpo (si tu pad ma dbang mchog rgyal po, 1886-1952), and other leaders of the monastery. He received novice monastic vows from a lama named Dechen Ngedon Tendzin Rabgye (bde chen nges don bstan 'dzin rab rgyas) and studied the Vinaya texts under a lama named Tsewang Peljor (tshe dbang dpal 'byor). He continued his education with Khenpo Zhenga, Zhenpen Chokyi Nangwa (mkhan po gzhan dga gzhan phan chos kyi snang ba, 1871-1927), who was then at Pelpung establishing the monastic college.At the age of twenty-one he was fully ordained by Dechen Ngedon Tendzin Rabgye. He continued to study Buddhist topics, as well as medicine, poetry, and grammar.He then traveled to U-Tsang to continue his training at Tsurpu (mtshur phu) Monastery. There he received tantric transmissions and teachings from the Fifteenth Karmapa, Khakhyab Dorje.After returning to Pelpung Monastery, he received teachings and transmissions from teachers there, such as Situ Pema Wangchok Gyelpo. For several years he served as summer retreat master at Pelpung. At the request of Pema Wangchuk Gyelpo and Khenpo Zhenga he wrote the Exposition of the Special Praise to the Buddha (khyad par 'phags bstod kyi 'grel pa) and the Answers of the Scholars' Necklace (dris lan mkhas pa'i mgul rgyan) among others works. These do not appear to be extant, although printing blocks for the first work are said to have been carved.In 1922, at the age of thirty, he returned to Khamsum Drakgon. He expanded the existing monasteries and established new institutions. In 1925 he was invited to Minyak Riku (mi nyag ri khud) Monastery where he started a school and taught modern Tibetan studies for three years. Later, in 1940, he started a school in Khamsum Drakgon Monastery also for modern Tibetan studies. His students included men from various ethnic backgrounds.In 1930 he was invited to attend the enthronement ceremony of the Sixteenth Karmapa, Rangjung Rikpai Dorje (karma pa 16 rang byung rig pa'i rdo rje, 1921-1981) and be his private tutor. He taught the Karmapa for about a year. Although he was asked to stay and continue to teach, he insisted that he was more needed in Minyak than in U-Tsang. He also brought many monks studying in U-Tsang back to Minyak with him. In Minyak he worked as a teacher, astrologer, and a traditional physician.He traveled to China twice before the Communists took over. He first traveled in China from 1936 until 1939 and then again from 1945 until 1949. He gave many teachings in various places including Chengdu, Chongqing, Jiangxi, and Beijing. In 1953 he was asked to teach at the Central Nationalities University (中央民族大学) in Beijing and he taught there for three years while also editing official documents translated into Tibetan. He passed away in 1957.([http://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Karma-Shedrub-Chokyi-Sengge/2730 Source: Treasury of Lives])yi-Sengge/2730 Source: Treasury of Lives]))
Schiffer, W. + (The Reverend Wilhelm Schiffer, born in 191 … The Reverend Wilhelm Schiffer, born in 1914 and a member of the Jesuit Order since 1933, studied philosophy, theology and sinology in Germany, China and Japan. Since 1950 he taught Chinese philosophy and comparative religious science at Sophia University in Tokyo. From 1950 until 1963 he was editor-in-chief of ''Monumenta Nipponica'', and he became editor of ''Contemorary Religions in Japan'', a journal published by the International Institute for the Study of Religions, of which he was also director of research. He was senior vice president of the Asiatic Society of Japan and member of many learned societies. He passed away in 1972. (Adapted from the inside jacket of ''Myōhō-Renge-Kyō: The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law'', Aug 12, 2021)ower of the Wonderful Law'', Aug 12, 2021))
Sakya Pandita Translation Group + (The Sakya Pandita Translation Group consis … The Sakya Pandita Translation Group consists of the following translators:Ven. Khenpo Kalsang Gyaltsen,Ven. Khenpo Ngawang Jorden,Rev. Dr. Ani Kunga Chodron,Ven. Lama Jampa Losal,Yangchen Dolkar Tsatultsang,Ven. Jampa Tenzing Bhutia,Ven. Ngawang Tenzin Gurung,Christian Bernert,Julia Stenzel,Ngawang Rinchen Gyaltsen,Tsewang Gyaltsen,Jamyang Choesang,Boyce Teoh,Solvej Nielsen,Pamela Gayle White,Vivian Paganuzzi,C. Upender Rao,Emma T. Cobban Paganuzzi, C. Upender Rao, Emma T. Cobb)
Study Group on Buddhist Sanskrit Literature + (The Study Group on Buddhist Sanskrit Literature, Institute for Comprehensive Studies of Buddhism, Taisho University.)
Gung thang dkon mchog bstan pa'i sgron me + (The Third Gungtang Lama Konchok Tenpai Dro … The Third Gungtang Lama Konchok Tenpai Dronme was identified as reincarnation of the Second Guntang Ngawang Tenpai Gyeltsen. He studied in Drepung Gomang College near Lhasa and Labrang Tashikhyil in Amdo, and later he served as the twenty-first abbot of the monastery. He also served as the first abbot of Ngawa Gomang Monastery. Familiar with Chinese and Mongolian languages, he spent most of his life in teaching and composing texts on many subjects such as ethics and medicine as well as religion. ([https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Konchok-Tenpai-Dronme/4730 Source Accessed Feb 3, 2022])-Dronme/4730 Source Accessed Feb 3, 2022]))
Karmapa, 3rd + (The Third Karmapa, Rangjung Dorje, was a p … The Third Karmapa, Rangjung Dorje, was a prominent Karma Kagyu hierarch who also held Nyingma and Chod lineages. He was likely the first man to carry the title of Karmapa, following his identification by Orgyenpa Rinchen Pel as the reincarnation of Karma Pakshi, whom Orgyenpa posthumously identified as the reincarnation of Dusum Khyenpa. He spent much of his life traveling across Tibet and made two visits to the Yuan court in China. ([http://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Third-Karmapa-Rangjung-Dorje/9201 Read more at the source: Treasury of Lives])ad more at the source: Treasury of Lives]))
Chanmyay Sayadaw U Janakābhivaṃsa + (The Venerable Chanmyay Sayadaw U Janakābhi … The Venerable Chanmyay Sayadaw U Janakābhivaṃsa, (Burmese: ချမ်းမြေ့ဆရာတော် ဦးဇနကာဘိဝံသ, pronounced [tɕʰáɰ̃mjḛ sʰəjàdɔ̀ ú za̰nəkàbḭwʊ̀ɰ̃θa̰]; born 24 July 1928) is a Theravada Buddhist monk from Myanmar.'''Early life and studies'''He was born in Pyinma village, Taungdwingyi Township, British Burma, on Tuesday, 24 July 1928. His parents were U Phyu Min and Daw Shwe Yee. He started to study the Buddhist scriptures at the age of fifteen as a novice monk. He received the higher upasampada ordination in 1947 and continued advanced studies of Buddhist scriptures. He practised Vipassana meditation under the instruction of the most Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw from 1953 to 1954. He was then invited by the State Buddha Sasana Organization to be an editor of the Buddhist scriptures in Pali for reciting Buddhist scriptures at the Sixth Buddhist Council in Myanmar.Starting from 1957, the Venerable Sayadaw spent six years in Colombo, Sri Lanka, where he continued his studies of English, Sanskrit, Hindi and Sinhalese languages. He returned to Myanmar in June 1963. At the invitation of the state Buddha Sasana Organisation, he took up residence at Kaba-Aye where he edited the publications of Pali Texts.'''Teaching career'''In 1967, he was appointed by the Venerable Mahasi Sayadaw as a meditation teacher at Mahasi Sasana Yeiktha, Yangon. In 1977 Sayadaw Ashin Janakabhivamsa took up residence at Chanmyay Yeiktha Meditation Center which was donated to him by some devotees and became the abbot of the center. He has been since then well known as Chanmyay Sayadaw.In 1979-1980, Chanmyay Sayadaw accompanied the Mahasi Sayadaw's Dhamma Mission to Europe and the USA. He has undertaken many Dhamma missions to countries in Asia, Europe, and the United States. As recently as July 2015, at the age of 87, he travelled to the UK, Ireland, and Canada giving Dhamma Talks. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanmyay_Sayadaw Source Accessed March 17, 2022])y_Sayadaw Source Accessed March 17, 2022]))
Kuan, C. + (The Venerable Cheng Kuan is the founder, p … The Venerable Cheng Kuan is the founder, president, and abbot of Americana Buddhist Temple (Michigan) and Mahavairocana Temple (Taiwan), as well as the founder and president of the Neo-carefree Garden Buddhist Canon Translation Institute (Taiwan).He became an ordained Buddhist monk in 1988 under Master Hsien-Ming (the 45th-generation patriarchate holder of the Tien-Tai sect). Born in 1947 in Taipei, Taiwan, he graduated from the English department of Taiwan Normal University (1977–1978) and attended graduate school at Texas Christian University (1979–1982).His publications include many translations of Buddhist sutras: ''The Sutra of 42 Chapters'' (2005), ''The Diamond Sutra'' (2005), ''The Altar Sutra'' (2005), ''The Sutra of Consumate Enlightenment'' (2009), ''The Sutra of Terra-Treasure'' (2009), ''The Heart Sutra'' (2012), and ''The Lotus Sutra of Wondrous Dharma'' (2014). His other writings in English include: ''The Sweet Dews of Ch'an'' (1995), ''Three Contemplations toward Buddha Nature'' (2002), and ''Tapping the Inconceivable'' (2002). (Source: Adapted from author's biography in ''Three Contemplations Toward Buddha Nature'', 2018)ntemplations Toward Buddha Nature'', 2018))
Yangthang Rinpoche + (The Venerable Yangthang Tulku Rinpoche, wa … The Venerable Yangthang Tulku Rinpoche, was born into the Yangthang clan in Sikkim. He was recognized as the incarnation of Terton Dorje Dechen Lingpa of Dhomang Monastery in Tibet where he took his seat to guide sentient beings. In 1959, when the Communist Chinese invaded Tibet, the Ven. Yangthang Rinpoche fled Dhomang. He was later captured by the Communists, and imprisoned for twenty-two years. Following the death of Mao Tse Tung he was released. He returned to Dhomang to find his monastery completely dismantled. He then obtained permission to return to Sikkim and continued his Dharma activities. Yangthang Rinpoche is currently known as one of the principle lineage holders of the Nyingmapa Lineage and is widely recognized for the quality and depth of his realization, the power of his attainment, and the purity of his transmissions. In recent times he has come to the United States several times and often travels to Taiwan where he has many devoted students. ([http://vimalatreasures.org/yangthang.aspx Source Accessed April 4, 2019])[https://www.lotsawahouse.org/tibetan-masters/yangthang-rinpoche/ Lotsawa House Master Series for Yangthang Rinpoche][https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Yangthang_Rinpoche Rigpa Wiki Entry for Yangthang Rinpoche]e Rigpa Wiki Entry for Yangthang Rinpoche])
Yakherds + (The Yakherds are a collective of Western a … The Yakherds are a collective of Western and Tibetan scholars in Philosophy and Buddhist Studies based in the USA, India, Australia, Nepal, and Germany. Between them, they have translated, edited, and written over 70 books and several hundred articles and reviews, including important translations of Tibetan philosophical texts. They are: José Ignacio Cabezón, Ryan Conlon, Thomas Doctor, Douglas Duckworth, Jed Forman, Jay L. Garfield, John Powers, Sonam Thakchöe, Yeshes Thabkhas, and Tashi Tsering.kchöe, Yeshes Thabkhas, and Tashi Tsering.)
Karmapa, 8th + (The eighth member of the incarnation linea … The eighth member of the incarnation lineage of the Karmapas, Mikyö Dorje, was a prolific scholar and an acclaimed artist, often credited with the development of the Karma Gadri style of painting. Though he only lived into his mid-40's his contributions to the Karma Kagyu and Tibetan tradition, in general, were immense. His collected works are said to have originally filled thirty volumes and he is widely held to be one of the most significant of the Karmapa incarnations.For a detailed discussion of The Eighth Karmapa's life, with interesting reference to source texts, see the [https://kagyuoffice.org/life-of-mikyo-dorje/ 17th Karmapa's teachings from February 2021].'''From the book, ''Karmapa: 900 Years'' (KTD Publications, 2016, revised 3rd edition):'''Mikyö Dorje is among the greatest scholars Tibet has ever produced. He was an active participant in the rigorous intellectual debates of his day, making major contributions in virtually all areas of textual study. He was an accomplished Sanskritist, and wrote Sanskrit grammars alongside works ranging from poetry to art to tantra. The Eighth Karmapa’s voluminous writings include substantial commentaries on all the principal Sanskrit texts, clarifying points of confusion and deeply engaging with their inner meaning. The act of composing philosophical texts within the Karma Kagyu—a lineage so fully devoted to attaining realization through practice—is wholly unlike the act of producing philosophical texts in a modern academic or scholastic setting. Rather, the philosophical works of Mikyö Dorje point out the way to view reality in order to be liberated from the cycles of samsaric suffering. As such, his compositions are a supreme act of kindness. It is said that Mikyö Dorje’s deeds in recording his insight and understanding in his commentaries had the effect of doubling or tripling the lifespan of the Karma Kagyu lineage.(Source: Page 73, ''Karmapa: 900 Years'' (KTD Publications, 2016, revised 3rd edition). E-Book available online here: http://www.ktdpublications.com/karmapa-900-third-edition-e-book/ .Mikyö Dorje left numerous Buddhist writings on all major and minor topics, including a biography of Bodong Chogle Namgyal (1376–1451), entitled ''Ocean of Miracles'' (ngo mtshar gyi rgya mtsho), a Gongchik commentary, and he introduced a special guru yoga in four sessions, which is the basis for contemporary Karma Kagyu practice. See a list of Tibetan works by the 8th Karmapa available as free ePubs on [https://dharmacloud.tsadra.org/book-author/eighth-karmapa-mikyo-dorje/ Tsadra Foundation's DharmaCloud website].'''For more biographical information see the following sources:'''*Rheingans, Jim. 2017. ''The Eighth Karmapa's Life and His Interpretation of the Great Seal: A Religious Life and Instructional Texts in Historical and Doctrinal Contexts''. Bochum, Germany: Projekt Verlag. *[https://library.bdrc.io/show/bdr:P385 BDRC Person page for The 8th Karmapa, Mikyo Dorje]*[https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335480 WikiData entry for The 8th Karmapa, Mikyo Dorje]*[https://www.himalayanart.org/items/560 Himalayan Art Resource page for The 8th Karmapa, Mikyo Dorje]*[https://buddhanature.tsadra.org/index.php/People/Karmapa,_8th Tsadra Foundation person page for The 8th Karmapa, Mikyo Dorje]*[https://kagyuoffice.org/life-of-mikyo-dorje/ Official Karmapa Office Page on the 8th Karmapa]*[http://tsurphu.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=19:the-eighth-karmapa-mikyo-dorje-1507-1554&catid=10&Itemid=280&lang=en Tsurphu Monastery Page on the 8th Karmapa]mid=280&lang=en Tsurphu Monastery Page on the 8th Karmapa])
Yen Fo-t'iao + (The first known Chinese monk, Yen Fo-t'iao, was from Lin-huai. He regarded himself as a disciple of An Shih-kao. Together with An Hsüan, he translated the ''Ugradattaparipṛccha'' (T322, ''Fa-ching ching'').)
Dge rtse ma hA paN+Di ta tshe dbang mchog grub + (The first of the Katok Getse (kaH thog dge … The first of the Katok Getse (kaH thog dge rtse) incarnations, Gyurme Tsewang Chokdrup, Katok Getse Mahapandita (1761-1829) was an important Nyingma scholar from Katok Monastery who famously wrote a catalogue to the Nyingma Gyübum.He was born in the Iron Snake year of the thirteenth calendrical cycle (1761) and recognized as an incarnation of Tsewang Trinlé, the nephew of Longsal Nyingpo (1625-1692). His teachers included Dodrupchen Kunzang Shenpen, Ngor Khenchen Palden Chökyong, Changkya Rolpé Dorje and Dzogchenpa Ati Tenpé Gyaltsen. Through his connection with the Derge royal family, he arranged for the printing of the ''Collection of Nyingma Tantras'' (''Nyingma Gyübum'') and the writings of Longchenpa and Jikmé Lingpa, and took responsibility for proofreading. Among his students were the Third Dzogchen Rinpoche and the Third Shechen Rabjam, Rigdzin Paljor Gyatso (1770-1809). ([https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Gyurme_Tsewang_Chokdrup Source Accessed Feb 18, 2022])See also: *[[Deity, Mantra and Wisdom]]: Development Stage Meditation in Tibetan Buddhist Tantra, translated by the Dharmachakra Translation Committee, Snow Lion, 2007.**Ronis, Jann M. “Celibacy, Revelations, and Reincarnated Lamas: Contestation and Synthesis in the Growth of Monasticism at Katok Monastery from the 17th through 19th Centuries”. Available from [https://libraetd.lib.virginia.edu/downloads/hq37vp052?filename=1_Ronis_Jann_2009_PHD.pdf the University of Virginia, here].*Tomoko Makidono, "Kah thog Dge rtse Mahāpaṇḍita’s Doxographical Position: The Great Madhyamaka of Other-Emptiness (gzhan stong dbu ma chen po)" in Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies (IIJBS) vol. 12 (2011), pp. 77-119*Tomoko Makidono, "The Turning of the Wheel of Mantrayāna Teachings in the Rnying ma rgyud ’bum dkar chag lha’i rnga bo che by Kaḥ thog Dge rtse Mahāpaṇḍita ’Gyur med tshe dbang mchog grub (149-186)" in IIJBS vol. 13 (2012), pp. 149-186 (149-186)" in IIJBS vol. 13 (2012), pp. 149-186)
Bardor Rinpoche, 2nd + (The first rebirth of Terchen Barway Dorje … The first rebirth of Terchen Barway Dorje was recognized by the 15th Karmapa, but lived only a short time and, in fact, died before he was reached by the search party seeking him. The Karmapa later explained what happened: Terchen Barway Dorje had promised a great sinner named Changkyi Mingyur that he would not be reborn in a lower state. Changkyi Mingyur died shortly before the new incarnation of Terchen Barway Dorje was discovered and was about to be reborn in a lower state. In desperation, he called on Barway Dorje and it was therefore necessary for Bardor Rinpoche to depart his new body in order to fulfill his promise.The 15th Karmapa decided to perform another recognition of the 2nd Barway Dorje, but before the time for recognition arrived, the 15th Gyalwang Karmapa departed this realm for the benefit of beings in other places.For this reason, the rebirth of Terchen Barway Dorje—the 2nd Bardor Rinpoche—was recognized by the 11th Tai Situ Rinpoche, Padma Wangchok Gyalpo.The 2nd Bardor Rinpoche was born at the end of 1920 and many auspicious signs accompanied his birth. He was enthroned at Raktrul Monastery at the age of five but received his training and transmissions at Surmang and Kyodrak monasteries.In his thirteenth year, the 2nd Bardor Rinpoche met the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa. Because the Gyalwang Karmapa had been Bardor Rinpoche’s karmically destined guru in many lives, Bardor Rinpoche felt great devotion for the Karmapa upon meeting him.The 2nd Bardor Rinpoche spent much of his life serving the 16th Gyalwang Karmapa, although he occasionally traveled back to Raktrul Monastery to look after its needs. Toward the end of his life, he made an aspiration to be able to serve both the Karmapa and Raktrul Monastery in his future lives. As a result of that aspiration we now have two incarnations of the 3rd Bardor Rinpoche—one who has devoted most of his life to the service of both the 16th and 17th Karmapas and has founded Kunzang Palchen Ling in the US, and one who remains in Tibet and looks after Raktrul Monastery.A detailed account of the life of the 2nd Bardor Rinpoche is available in English translation as ''The Light of Dawn'' composed by Karma Tupten. ([https://www.kunzang.org/treasure-lineage/2nd-bardor-rinpoche/ Source Accessed June 28, 2023])-rinpoche/ Source Accessed June 28, 2023]))
Dargyay, Lobsang + (The late Geshe Lobsang Dargyay was trained … The late Geshe Lobsang Dargyay was trained at Drepung Monastery in Tibet. He got his doctorate in Buddhist and Tibetan Studies from the Ludwig Maximilians Universität and held teaching and research positions in Vienna, Hamburg, and Calgary. Geshe-la was the first Tibetan to receive a doctorate from a Western university. He passed away in 1994. ([https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/geshe-lobsang-dargyay/ Source Accessed Sept 23, 2020])For a more complete biography, see [https://books.google.com/books?id=Xzc6AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT11&lpg=PT11&dq=Freedom+From+Extremes/In+Memoriam:+Geshe+Lobsang+Dargyay+(1935-94)by+Eva+Neumaier&source=bl&ots=a2vMqwcDeb&sig=ACfU3U1uAhLezrS11HGmbnKtWcEX30VAsQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi4m_PKy4jnAhUJGc0KHXxeDagQ6AEwAHoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=Freedom%20From%20Extremes%2FIn%20Memoriam%3A%20Geshe%20Lobsang%20Dargyay%20(1935-94)by%20Eva%20Neumaier&f=false "In Memoriam: Geshe Lobsang Dargyay (1935–94)"] by Eva Neumaier, in ''Freedom from Extremes: Gorampa's "Distinguishing the Views" and the Polemics of Emptiness'' (Wisdom Publications, 2007), xi–xiv.ishing the Views" and the Polemics of Emptiness'' (Wisdom Publications, 2007), xi–xiv.)
Kato, B. + (The late Reverend Bunnō Katō, born in 1888 … The late Reverend Bunnō Katō, born in 1888, the translator of ''Myōhō-Renge-Kyō, The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law'', was a priest-scholar of the Nichiren Sect of Japanese Buddhism. He completed this translation after three years of devoted work, when he was studying at Oxford University since 1922, with the help of Rev. William Soothill, professor of Chinese. On returning to Japan in 1925, he soon became a lecturer at Risshō University and editor of the ''Nisshū Shimpō'', then a mnthly bulletin of the Nichiren Sect. Afterwards he was appointed head of the doctrinal department at the headquarters of the Sect. Katō's hopes of having his English translation of the Lotus Sutra published failed to materialize several times because of the costs involved. After his death, the manuscript was donated by his widow to the library of Risshō University, where it was kept for 35 years until turned over to Dr. Wilhelm Schiffer, professor at Sophia University and director of the International Institute of the Study of Religions, in 1967 for further revision. His translation, indeed, saw the light of day after an elapse of 46 years since he completed the translation in Oxford. (Source: book jacket, ''Myōhō-Renge-Kyō, The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law'')f the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law''))
Dalai Lama, 7th + (The life of the Seventh Dalai Lama Kelzang … The life of the Seventh Dalai Lama Kelzang Gyatso spanned a troubled period in Tibetan history, during which the Land of Snows was transformed from the battleground of competing Mongol factions into a protectorate of the Manchu Qing dynasty. Trained as a monk-scholar, the turmoil that surrounded his youth and early adulthood had effectively excluded him from an active political role until the events of 1747-1750 propelled him to head the Tibetan government at the age of forty-three. It may be said that the institution of the Dalai Lama, given its characteristic religio-political foundations under the leadership of the Great Fifth, assumed its mature form under the Seventh, whose relations with the Manchus set the pattern for Sino-Tibetan affairs throughout the remainder of the Qing dynasty. ([https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Seventh-Dalai-Lama-Kelzang-Gyatso/3107 Source Accessed Feb 3, 2022])-Gyatso/3107 Source Accessed Feb 3, 2022]))
Khyentse, Dzongsar + (The present Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinp … The present Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche, Thubten Chökyi Gyamtso, was born in 1961 in eastern Bhutan. He was recognized as a tulku by H.H. Sakya Trizin, and received empowerments and teachings from many of the greatest masters of Tibetan Buddhism, including H.H. the 16th Karmapa; H.H. Dudjom Rinpoche and Lama Sonam Zangpo (his paternal and maternal grandfathers); Chatral Rinpoche; Nyoshul Khen Rinpoche, Khenpo Appey, and many others. His root guru was Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche, who began training Rinpoche from the age of 7.While still a teenager, Rinpoche built a small retreat center in Ghezing, Sikkim and soon began traveling and teaching around the world. In the 1980s, he began the restoration of Dzongsar Monastery in Derge, the responsibility of which he had inherited from his previous incarnation, Jamyang Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö. He established Dzongsar Institute in Bir, India, (now DKCLI in Chauntra), which has grown to be one of the most respected institutions for advanced dialectical study. He also oversees two monasteries in Bhutan and has established dharma centres in Australia, Europe, North America, and Asia. He has written several books and made award-winning films. Rinpoche continuously travels all over the world, practicing and teaching the Dharma. (Source: [https://khyentsefoundation.org/about-dzongsar-jamyang-khyentse-rinpoche/ Khyentse Foundation.org])yentse-rinpoche/ Khyentse Foundation.org]))
Gómez, L. + (The son of a physician, Luis Gómez was bor … The son of a physician, Luis Gómez was born in Puerto Rico on April 7 1943, growing up in the town of Guayanilla. He received his B.A. degree in 1963 from Universidad de Puerto Rico, enrolling there at age sixteen. He received his Ph.D. degree in Buddhist Studies, Indic Philology, and Japanese Language and Literature from Yale University in 1967. His first academic position was at the University of Washington. After that, he returned to Puerto Rico for four years, serving as chair of the Department of Philosophy at the Universidad de Puerto Rico.He joined the University of Michigan faculty as an Associate Professor of Buddhist Studies in 1973 and was promoted to full professor in 1979. In 1986, he was named a “Collegiate Professor,” the highest faculty rank in the College of Literature, Science, and the Arts at Michigan, naming his professorship after his former colleague and mentor, the distinguished Chinese historian Charles Hucker.Luis Gómez’s contributions to Buddhist Studies during his thirty-five years at Michigan spanned the areas of graduate training, undergraduate teaching, and scholarship. He founded Michigan’s highly regarded Ph.D. program in Buddhist Studies, which has produced several generations of outstanding scholars. That his students specialized in Chinese, Japanese, Tibetan, Indian, Thai, and Burmese Buddhism testifies to his wide-ranging knowledge, as well as his high level of proficiency in Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan, Chinese, and Japanese, as well as Latin, French, German, and Italian (in addition to his native Spanish). His work as a graduate mentor was honored in 1995, when he received the John H. D’Arms Award for Distinguished Graduate Mentoring in the Humanities. In recognition of his outstanding undergraduate teaching, he was named Arthur F. Thurnau Professor in 1997. A dedicated administrator, he chaired the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures for a decade. ([http://iabsinfo.net/2017/09/obituary-tribute-to-luis-oscar-gomez/ Source Accessed May 20, 2020])scar-gomez/ Source Accessed May 20, 2020]))
Dalai Lama, 8th + (The tenure of the Eighth Dalai Lama, Jampe … The tenure of the Eighth Dalai Lama, Jampel Gyatso, was a tumultuous era in the Himalayan region, filled with battles and intrigues. This period saw the emergence of the first contacts between Tibet and the British, and the Manchurian representatives of the Qing Empire also managed to enhance its position in Tibet when it was called upon to eject the invading Gurkhas. The Eighth Dalai Lama was an active leader in the midst of all of this, despite being disinclined to rule. ([https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Eighth-Dalai-Lama-Jampel-Gyatso/2339 Source Accessed Sep 27, 2022])Gyatso/2339 Source Accessed Sep 27, 2022]))
Karmapa, 14th + (Theckchok Dorje was born in the village of … Theckchok Dorje was born in the village of Danang in the Kham region of eastern Tibet. He was born in mid-winter, and the histories say that flowers spontaneously blossomed and many rainbows appeared. The baby recited the Sanskrit alphabet. He was recognized by Drukchen Kunzig Chokyi Nangwa, the holder of the thirteenth Karmapa’s letter giving the details of his forthcoming reincarnation. He was enthroned and later ordained by the ninth Tai Situpa. The Karmapa received teachings and the lineage transmissions from Situ Pema Nyinche Wangpo and Drukchen Kunzig Chokyi Nangwa. (Source: [https://kagyuoffice.org/kagyu-lineage/the-golden-rosary/the-14th-karmapa-theckchok-dorje/ Kagyu Office])th-karmapa-theckchok-dorje/ Kagyu Office]))
Vairocanarakṣita + (There are at least two Indian authors know … There are at least two Indian authors known by the name Vairocanarakṣita, as well as being the full ordination name of the famous Tibetan translator Vairocana (bai ro tsa na). Of the two Indians, the first was an 11th century scholar from Vikramaśīla, while the second, known also as Vairocanavajra, lived about a century later and spent time in Tibet in the mid-12th century. Based on the literary output of these two figures, with the former producing works on sūtra and the latter more focused on tantra and mahāmudrā, Brunnhölzl suggests the 11th century Vairocanarakṣita as the most likely candidate for the authorship of the ''Mahāyānottaratantraśāstraṭippanī''. However, BDRC seems to conflate these two figures, perhaps even all three, with attributions of their individual works and translations included in the Tibetan canon linking to a single page. Though, it is clear that some of these texts, such as the commentaries on the works of Śāntideva belong to the 11th century Vairocanarakṣita, as they were translated by Ngok Lotsāwa who predates the 12th century Vairocanarakṣita. While, others works linked to the same page should certainly be attributed to this second Vairocanarakṣita, a.k.a. Vairocanavajra, as he was well known among early Kagyu masters for his teaching activities and his translations of several crucial ''dohas'' that helped form the basis of the Kagyu mahāmudrā tradition.he basis of the Kagyu mahāmudrā tradition.)
Bdud 'joms rol pa rtsal + (There seems to be some confusion regarding … There seems to be some confusion regarding this figure, and he is likely conflated with a later figure of the same name on his BDRC page, namely the Tertön Dudjom Rolpa Tsal that was a student of Dzogchen Khenpo Padma Vajra and teacher to Kathok Situ Chökyi Gyamtso and others. The Dudjom Rolpa Tsal whose Red Garuda treasure is included in the Terdzö, seems to have lived circa the 17th-18th centuries. Kongtrul doesn't give much details in his brief biography of him, other than that Kathok Rigdzin seems to have met him in his younger years. However, in the addendum included by Kongtrul in the text found in the Terdzö, which delineates the lineage from which he received this particular treasure, it is clear that this figure lived a couple generations before Kongtrul. The text in question comes from the Tertön's student Drime Zhingkyong (b. 1724), whom was the son of Chöje Lingpa and the teacher of several prominent lamas, such as Kunzang Ngedön Wangpo and Getse Mahāpaṇḍita, that lived toward the second half of the 18th century. Therefore, the BDRC page in which we find the Tertön's collected works is inaccurate in its biographical details and subsequently in the associated persons, all of which are related to the later Dudjom Rolpa Tsal that lived in the 18-19th centuries. However, Jeff Watt's description on HAR of the image included here does seem to reference the correct Dudjom Rolpa Tsal, a.k.a. Pema Chögyal. In this image we find Drime Zhingkyong depicted as a disciple of the Tertön.yong depicted as a disciple of the Tertön.)

Dev Test + (This is a development test, please ignore. TATATA - Marcus says hi.)

Sèngué, T. + (This is the Dharma name and pen name of Fr … This is the Dharma name and pen name of François Jacquemart.Lama Cheuky Sèngué (François Jacquemart) was born in 1949 and had his first encounter with Tibetan Buddhism in 1976. He accomplished a 3-year Buddhist retreat in France in the beginning of the eighties. He became a close student of the late Bokar Rinpoche and served him as an interpreter for a long period.In 1985, he founded (and still directs) Claire Lumière publications dedicated to Tibetan Buddhism, translating, editing, and publishing a considerable number of books in French, mainly for the Kagyu Lineage.He is also in charge of a few small Dharma centres (Aix-en-Provence, Avignon, and Grenoble) and teaches in France and Spain.His Holiness the Karmapa requested him to translate into French the Kagyu Monlam Books, a task which was completed under His direction at the Gyutö Monastery. ([https://karmapafoundation.eu/the-board/francois-jacquemart/ Source Accessed Feb 27, 2023])jacquemart/ Source Accessed Feb 27, 2023]))
Cleary, T. + (Thomas Cleary passed away on June 20, 2021 … Thomas Cleary passed away on June 20, 2021. https://www.shambhala.com/remembering-thomas-cleary :Of his passing, renowned Buddhist scholar Robert Thurman wrote on Facebook:::“There is no doubt in my mind that Thomas Cleary is the greatest translator of Buddhist texts from Chinese or Japanese into English of our generation, and that he will be so known by grateful Buddhist practitioners and scholars in future centuries. Single-handedly he has gone a long way toward building the beginnings of a Buddhist canon in English.”Cleary became interested in Buddhism when he was a teenager; his researches into Buddhist thought began with a desire to learn during this time of his life. When he began translating, he chose either untranslated works or—as in the case of Sun Tzu's ''The Art of War''—books whose extant translations were "too limited".Cleary earned a Ph.D in East Asian Languages and Civilizations from Harvard University and a JD from the Boalt Hall School of Law at the University of California, Berkeley. Since completing his doctoral studies, Cleary has had little involvement with the academic world. In a rare interview, Cleary stated: "There is too much oppression in a university setting . . . I want to stay independent and reach those who want to learn directly through my books."Cleary's brother Jonathon also completed his doctoral work in EALC at Harvard. The two brothers worked together to translate the koan collection ''The Blue Cliff Record''; Shambhala published the translation in 1977.Thomas Cleary's most widely disseminated translation has been of Sun Tzu's ''The Art of War'' (''Sunzi Bingfa'').He also translated the monumental ''Avatamsaka Sutra'' (also called ''Huayan Jing'', or the ''Flower Ornament Scripture'').Another major translation was of the commentaries of the 18th century Taoist sage Liu Yiming, who explains the metaphoric coding of the main Taoist texts dealing with the transformation of consciousness, and the fusion of the human mind with the mind of Tao.In 2000, Cleary's various translations of Taoist texts were collected into four volumes by Shambhala Publications as ''The Taoist Classics''. Following the success of these publications, a five-volume collection of Buddhist translations was collected as ''Classics of Buddhism and Zen''. Another translation from the Muslim wisdom tradition is ''Living and Dying with Grace''. In 1993 Cleary published a translation of Miyamoto Musashi's ''Book of Five Rings''. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Cleary Source Accessed Sept 18, 2020])mas_Cleary Source Accessed Sept 18, 2020]))
Doctor, T. + (Thomas Doctor received his BA and MA degre … Thomas Doctor received his BA and MA degrees in Tibetan Studies from the University of Copenhagen and his Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies from the University of Lausanne. He has studied Buddhist philosophy at Ka-Nying Shedrub Ling Monastery since the late 1980s and serves as a senior translator for the lamas and scholars there. Thomas’ main research interests are the pāramitā and mantra views and practices of Buddhism in India and Tibet. He has translated several classics of Buddhist philosophy, including Speech of Delight (Ju Mipham's commentary to the Madhyamakālaṃkāra) and Ornament of Reason (Mabja Jangchub Tsöndrü's commentary to the Mūlamadhyamakakārikā). Thomas contributes to the 84000, an ongoing project to translate the Tibetan collection of the Buddha's words and associated treaties into English. He is currently teaching several courses on the MA program at RYI. (Source: [http://www.ryi.org/faculty Rangjung Yeshe Institute])ryi.org/faculty Rangjung Yeshe Institute]))
Dpa' bo 'od gsal + (Though the names Vīraprakāśa or Vīraprabhāsvara are unattested in Sanskrit sources, this author is known to Tibetans as Pawo Ösel and is associated with a cycle of spiritual songs related to the famed Eighty-four Mahāsiddhas of India.)
Losang, T. + (Thubten Losang became interested in Buddhi … Thubten Losang became interested in Buddhism during the 1990s and sporadically read books on Buddhism and practiced sitting meditation. He first came to Sravasti Abbey in April 2013 for a Sharing the Dharma Day. After that, he began to visit the Abbey almost every month.In the summer of 2014, he spent 10 days of every month at the Abbey to work in the forest and joined in the Exploring Monastic Life program. Receiving teachings from a qualified teacher (Ven. Chodron), being around other practitioners, being guided and inspired by the monastic community, and establishing a regular meditation schedule turned his sporadic and confused spiritual seeking into a serious and consistent practice.Ven. Losang moved to the Abbey in December 2014 and took the anagarika precepts the following month. He received śrāmaṇera (novice) ordination on August 10, 2015. See his ordination photos. He received full ordination in Taiwan in 2017. ([https://sravastiabbey.org/community-member/sramanera-thubten-losang/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023])ten-losang/ Source Accessed May 17, 2023]))
Jinpa, Thupten + (Thupten Jinpa Langri (b. 1958) is a former … Thupten Jinpa Langri (b. 1958) is a former Tibetan monk and a Geshe Lharampa with B.A. in philosophy and a Ph.D. in religious studies, both from Cambridge University. Since 1985, he has been the principal English translator to H.H. the Dalai Lama and has translated and edited numerous books by the Dalai Lama, including the New York Times Bestsellers ''Ethics for the New Millennium'' and ''The Art of Happiness''. Jinpa’s own publications include works in Tibetan, English translations as well as books, the latest being ''Tsongkhapa: A Buddha in the Land of Snows'' and ''Illuminating the Intent'', a translation of Je Tsongkhapa's commentary on ''Entering the Middle Way''. Jinpa is the general series editor of the 32-volume ''Bod kyi tsug lag gces btus'' series, whose translations are published in English as [https://tibetanclassics.org/ The Library of Tibetan Classics]. His current projects include the editing of classical Indian Buddhist texts from Tengyur for a special anthology known as Rgya gzhung gnad che bdam bsgrigs (Selected Indian Buddhist treaties). He is the main author of CCT (Compassion Cultivation Training), an eight-week formal program developed at Stanford University, and co-founder and president of the Compassion Institute. He is the Chair of Mind and Life Institute, founder of the Institute of Tibetan Classics, and an adjunct professor at the School of Religious Studies at McGill University. Jinpa lives in Montreal and is married with two daughters. (Source: Thupten Jinpa)ith two daughters. (Source: Thupten Jinpa))
Tiān Xīzāi + (Tianxizai. (J. Tensokusai; K. Ch'ǒnsikchae … Tianxizai. (J. Tensokusai; K. Ch'ǒnsikchae 天息災 (d. 1000). Kashmiri monk-translator, who arrived in China in 980. While residing at a cloister to the west of the imperial monastery of Taiping-Xingguosi in Yuanzhou (present-day Jiangxi province), he translated (sometimes working in collaboration with Dānapāla and Fatian) seventeen Mahāyāna and prototantric scriptures into Chinese, including the ''Bodhicaryāvatāra'', ''Kāraṇḍavyūha'', ''Alpākṣarāprajñāpāramitāsūtra'', ''Āyuṣparyantasūtra'', (''Ārya'') ''Tārābhaṭṭarikāyanāmāṣṭottaraśataka'', ''Māricīdhāraṇī'', and the ''Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa''. (Source: "Tianxizai." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 913. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Thonden, Lobsang + (Tibetan Scholar, Calligrapher, Government … Tibetan Scholar, Calligrapher, Government Official, and Author who appeared in Seven Years in Tibet and several other films. He published the early and popular Modern Tibetan Language books in the 1980s, as well as ''Learn to Speak Tibetan and Hindi'' and ''English for Beginners'' (''dbyin ji'i skad yig slob tshul gom pa dang po''). He spent time as a resident scholar at the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives and interacted with western scholars and translators there. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Losang_Thonden Source Accessed May 20, 2020])ang_Thonden Source Accessed May 20, 2020]))
Vetter, T. + (Tilmann Ernst Vetter (Pforzheim, March 2, … Tilmann Ernst Vetter (Pforzheim, March 2, 1937 - Wassenaar, December 20, 2012) was a Dutch Indian scholar, Tibetologist, and Buddhist scholar of German descent.Vetter was a professor at Leiden University in the Department of Languages and Cultures of South and Central Asia. His predecessor was David Seyfort Ruegg. He previously worked for the Institute for Tibetology and Buddhism, at the University of Vienna and for the University of Utrecht. ([https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilmann_Vetter Source Accessed Jan 27, 2024])mann_Vetter Source Accessed Jan 27, 2024]))
Tilopa + (Tilopa. (T. Ti lo pa) (988–1069). An India … Tilopa. (T. Ti lo pa) (988–1069). An Indian tantric adept counted among the eighty-four mahāsiddhas and venerated in Tibet as an important source of tantric instruction and a founder of the Bka' brgyud sect. Little historical information exists regarding Tilopa's life. According to his traditional biographies, Tilopa was born a brāhmaṇa in northeast India. As a young man he took the vows of a Buddhist monk, but later was compelled by the prophecies of a ḍākinī messenger to study with a host of tantric masters. He lived as a wandering yogin, practicing tantra in secret while outwardly leading a life of transgressive behavior. For many years Tilopa acted as the servant for the prostitute Barima (in truth a wisdom ḍākinī in disguise) by night while grinding sesame seeds for oil by day. The name Tilopa, literally "Sesame Man," derives from the Sanskrit word for sesamum. Finally, Tilopa is said to have received instructions in the form of a direct transmission from the primordial buddha Vajradhara. Tilopa instructed numerous disciples, including the renowned Bengali master Nāropa, who is said to have abandoned his prestigious monastic position to become Tilopa's disciple, undergoing many difficult trials before receiving his teachings. Those teachings were later received by Marpa Chos kyi blo gros, who brought Tilopa's teachings to Tibet. As with many Indian siddhas, Tilopa's main instructions are found in the form of dohā, or songs of realization. Many of his songs, together with several tantric commentaries and liturgical texts, are included in the Tibetan canon. Among the teachings attributed to him are the bka’ ’babs bzhi ("four transmissions"), the lus med mkha’ ’gro snyan rgyud chos skor dgu ("nine aural lineage cycles of the formless ḍākinīs"), and the Mahāmudropadeśa. (Source: "Tilopa." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 914. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)tp://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.))
Lee, Timothy + (Tim Lee has a wide-ranging interest in the … Tim Lee has a wide-ranging interest in the history of Christianity, particularly in Asia and Asian-America. He teaches introductory courses in Christian History and more specialized ones in Asian/Asian-American Christian History. His current research focuses on the history of Christianity in Korea, a topic about which he has published a number of works, including a book and a coedited volume. He also directs Brite’s Asian / Asian American and Pacific Islander Church Studies Program. Before coming to Brite in 2002, he had taught at the University of Chicago and the University of California at Los Angeles. Tim serves as co chair of the Korean Religions Group of the American Academy of Religion. An ordained minister of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ), Tim has served as moderator of North American Pacific Asian Disciples. ([https://brite.edu/staff/timothy-s-lee Source Accessed Aug 11, 2023])mothy-s-lee Source Accessed Aug 11, 2023]))
Hinkle, T. + (Timothy Hinkle spent three years studying … Timothy Hinkle spent three years studying at the Rangjung Yeshe Institute and has traveled twice to the eastern Tibetan region of Golok. He has served as an oral interpreter for Katog Choling USA, and is now studying somatic psychology in Oakland, California. He works with Light of Berotsana and 84000 under the auspices of the Dharmachakra Translation Committee. ([https://www.lotsawahouse.org/translators/timothy-hinkle/ Source Accessed June 2, 2021])thy-hinkle/ Source Accessed June 2, 2021]))
Murti, T. R. V. + (Tirupattur Ramaseshayyer Venkatachala Murt … Tirupattur Ramaseshayyer Venkatachala Murti (June 15, 1902 – March 1986) was an Indian academic, philosopher, writer and translator. He wrote several books on Oriental philosophy, particularly Indian philosophy and his works included commentaries and translations of Indian and Buddhist texts. He was an elected honorary member of the International Association of Buddhist Studies (IABS), a society promoting scholarship in Buddhist studies. ''Studies in Indian Thought: Collected Papers'', ''The Central Philosophy of Buddhism'', and ''A Study of the Madhyamika System'' are some of his notable works. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1959, for his contributions to education and literature.Murti dedicates his 1955 work, ''The Central Philosophy of Buddhism'', as follows: "To my revered teacher Professor S. Radhakrishnan". ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiruppattur_R._Venkatachala_Murti Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023])T. R. V Murti was an original and leading thinker among the Indian philosophers of the twentieth century. He had a brilliant philosophical mind, a love of analysis and argument, and a respect for texts, especially the ones with which he disagreed, as seen in his most important book, ''The Central Philosophy of Buddhism''. With both traditional "Shastri" training and a Western style Ph.D., Murti was able to bring both strengths to his writing and teaching. Murti knew everything by heart, all the Sutra texts, the Upanisads and other philosophical classics, Panini's grammar, and Patanjali's "Great Commentary" and other core texts. Upon that foundation, he evaluated doctrines and ideas. Though a philosopher of the classical type, he was also alive to the latest philosophical currents of his day and effectively related the wisdom of traditional teaching to contemporary questions. It was this last quality that made him a most sought after teacher by students from around the globe. Murti spoke with such eloquence and authority that few would dare to interrupt him. He represented the best of the Indian philosophical tradition to the world through his teaching at places such as Oxford, Copenhagen, Harvard, Hawaii, and McMaster University in Canada. ([http://www.coronetbooks.com/books/t/trvm0775.htm Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023])rvm0775.htm Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023]))
Lin, N. + (Title: Associate Professor of Tibetan and … Title: Associate Professor of Tibetan and South Asian Studies at the Institute of Buddhist Studies, Berkeley, CA.Nancy Lin joined the faculty in 2021 after previously teaching at Vanderbilt University, Dartmouth College, and the University of California, Santa Cruz. Her research focuses on how literary and visual cultures have shaped Buddhist traditions of Tibet and the Himalaya. Her current book project is a study of worldly Buddhists and courtly cultures of Tibet in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Her teaching emphasizes how people draw from the resources of their historical and living traditions, including rituals, narratives, values, objects, environments, and cosmologies.:Degrees::Ph.D., University of California, Berkeley::MA, Columbia University::AB, Harvard University:Research and Teaching Interests::Buddhism in Tibet and the Himalaya, South Asia, and Inner Asia::World-engaging and world-renouncing aspects of Buddhist thought and practice::Karma and rebirth::Poetic language, rhetoric, and narrative::Buddhist visual and material culture::Translation and circulation of words and images::Courtly cultures and networks:Selected Publications::“Ornaments of This World: Materiality and Poetics of the Fifth Dalai Lama’s Reliquary Stūpa.” In Jewels, Jewelry, and Other Shiny Things in the Buddhist Imaginary, edited by Vanessa R. Sasson. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, forthcoming.::“Recounting the Fifth Dalai Lama’s Rebirth Lineage.” Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines 38 (February 2017): 119–156.::“Purity in the Pudding and Seclusion in the Forest: Si tu paṇ chen, Monastic Ideals, and the Buddha’s Biographies.” Journal of the International Association of Tibetan Studies 7 (August 2013): 86–124.::“Döndrup Gyel and the Remaking of the Tibetan Ramayana.” In Modern Tibetan Literature and Social Change, edited by Lauran R. Hartley and Patricia Schiaffini-Vedani, 86–111. Durham: Duke University Press, 2008.:Courses Taught::Buddhism and World Religions::Buddhist Pastoral Cared World Religions ::Buddhist Pastoral Care)
Xīzāi, Tiān + (Tiān Xīzāi (天息災) was a translator in the 1 … Tiān Xīzāi (天息災) was a translator in the 10th century A.D., 北宋 Northern Sòng Dynasty. In 985 A.D. he produced a Chinese translation of the ''Bodhicaryāvatāra'' (T.1662). ([https://www2.hf.uio.no/polyglotta/index.php?page=person&bid=2&vid=24&entity=117&kid=117 Adapted from Source Apr 20, 2021]);entity=117&kid=117 Adapted from Source Apr 20, 2021]))
Piatigorsky, A. + (To present Alexander Piatigorsky in the co … To present Alexander Piatigorsky in the conventional format of biography would be not only an extremely difficult but also an entirely futile enterprise. Piatigorsky himself wrote about people without a “biography”, that is those who do not set themselves any goals and thus could not be said to march victoriously (or ingloriously) from one milestone of their life to another; those who do not bear on their weary shoulders the burden of their achievements or newly exposed and fossilised truths to be recorded in the annals of history. Such people Piatigorsky characterised as “freely passing” since at no point could they be pinned down or drawn over to a particular standpoint or world view to be exploited as its advocates. Piatigorsky himself can be reckoned among these “freely passing” individuals. So he lived his life and so he travelled, always light-handed, with two mantra books (which he knew off by heart anyway) and a packet of cigarettes in his pocket. His lightness was often taken for light-mindedness, and his fluidity of thought for scientific frivolity. ([https://alexanderpiatigorsky.com Alexander Piatigorsky])derpiatigorsky.com Alexander Piatigorsky]))
Lewis, T. + (Todd Lewis has taught at the College of th … Todd Lewis has taught at the College of the Holy Cross since 1990. In 1996, he was promoted to Associate Professor in the Religious Studies Department and in 2003 was promoted to the rank of Professor. In 2015, Lewis was named the Monsignor Edward G. Murray Professor in the Arts and Humanities.He has also been a Research Associate in the Department of Sanskrit and Indian Studies at Harvard University, and is currently involved in the Nepal Studies initiative there. Beginning with his scholarly training at Columbia University (where he earned his Ph.D. in Religion 1984), Professor Lewis' research and teaching has been interdisciplinary, linking anthropology, the history of religions, and Indology. His area of special expertise is Newar Buddhism in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, and he has written extensively about Buddhist narratives, their depiction in popular art, and the role of merchants in Buddhist history. Professor Lewis is also one of the world's leading authorities on the religions of the mid-montane Himalayan region and the social history of Buddhism.Most of his research focus for over thirty years has been Buddhism in the Kathmandu Valley, particularly the traditions found among the Newars, the indigenous population of Nepal 's capital. He has resided in the Asan Tol neighborhood in the city of Kathmandu for his dissertation research (1979-1982), and for three postdoctoral fellowships (1987-8, 2012), all supported by the Fulbright-Hayes program in the Department of Education. Professor Lewis has been awarded many other fellowships to support his research and writing: he has received awards from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the American Academy of Religion, the American Philosophical Society, the Social Science Research Council, and the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research. In 2011, he was awarded a fellowship by the Simon Guggenheim Foundation. ([https://college.holycross.edu/faculty/tlewis/AcademicBio.htm Source Accessed Apr 23, 2021])emicBio.htm Source Accessed Apr 23, 2021]))
Tokiwa, G. + (Tokiwa Gishin began studying Buddhism in 1 … Tokiwa Gishin began studying Buddhism in 1944, becoming a member of the forerunner of the F.A.S. Society. After graduation he taught English as a second language for students while studying Buddhism. He has translated into English ''Zen and the Fine Arts'' and ''Jueguan-lun'', and into modern Japanese both a work by Hakuin and the ''Lankavatara sutra''. ([https://www.amazon.in/Critical-Sermons-Zen-Tradition-Hisamatsus/dp/0333962710/ref=sr_1_2?dchild=1&qid=1610744821&refinements=p_27%3AGishin+Tokiwa&s=books&sr=1-2 Source Accessed Jan 15, 2021])kiwa&s=books&sr=1-2 Source Accessed Jan 15, 2021]))
Pynn, T. + (Tom Pynn is a senior lecturer in Interdisciplinary studies at Kennesaw State University.)
Tillemans, T. + (Tom Tillemans (born Haarlem, December 21, … Tom Tillemans (born Haarlem, December 21, 1950) is a Dutch-Canadian Buddhologist, Indologist and Tibetologist. Since 1992, Tillemans has been Professor of Buddhology in the Faculty of Oriental Languages and Civilizations at the University of Lausanne in Switzerland.Tom Tillemans received his bachelor's degree at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. His masters, in Sanskrit, Chinese and philosophy, he received at the Universities of Lausanne and Geneva and his doctorate in Buddhist Studies in Lausanne.After his studies he did research at Hiroshima University in Japan and was invited to several universities as a visiting professor. In addition to his professorship in Lausanne as head of the department of Oriental Studies and Associate Dean for the Faculty of Arts, Tillemans does research on Indian and Tibetan Buddhist logic and epistemology, Madhyamaka philosophy, indigenous Tibetan literature, and Tibetan grammar and poetry. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Tillemans Source Accessed Feb 25, 2021])m_Tillemans Source Accessed Feb 25, 2021]))
Spiranec, T. + (Tomislav Spiranec is a faculty member of P … Tomislav Spiranec is a faculty member of Philosophy and Religious Sciences at the University of Zagreb, Croatia. He teaches courses on Buddhist-Christian dialogue and introduction to Buddhist traditions. ([http://www.ffrz.unizg.hr/index.php/2020/06/19/dr-sc-tomislav-spiranec/ Source Accessed Jan 14, 2021])v-spiranec/ Source Accessed Jan 14, 2021]))
Bøttinger, T. + (Tone Gleditsch Stabell (born 31 May 1966 i … Tone Gleditsch Stabell (born 31 May 1966 in Tønsberg) is a Norwegian author who has especially written poetry and children's books . She grew up as Tone Lie and published books under the name Tone Lie Bøttinger from 1991 to 2004. As an adult, she studied teacher training at Vestfold University College . ([https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=no&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tone_Gleditsch_Stabell&prev=search&pto=aue Source Accesed Mar 23, 2021])&prev=search&pto=aue Source Accesed Mar 23, 2021]))
Huber, T. + (Toni Huber has been Professor of Tibetan S … Toni Huber has been Professor of Tibetan Studies at the Humboldt University in Berlin, Germany, since 2003. His research interests and published oeuvre focus on ethnography and cultural history of Tibetan Plateau and eastern Himalayan highland societies, environment and society, ritual and religion, and nomadic pastoralism. His major monographs include ''Source of Life. Revitalisation Rites and Bon Shamans in Bhutan and the Eastern Himalayas'' (Vienna, In Press), ''The Holy Land Reborn. Pilgrimage and the Tibetan Reinvention of Buddhist India'' (Chicago, 2008), and ''The Cult of Pure Crystal Mountain. Popular Pilgrimage & Visionary Landscape in Southeast Tibet'' (New York & Oxford, 1999). ([https://buddhiststudies.berkeley.edu/news/2019-khyentse-lecture-toni-huber-humboldt-university-berlin-recently-discovered-ancient-tibetan Source Accessed Nov 21, 2023])red-ancient-tibetan Source Accessed Nov 21, 2023]))
See, T. + (Tony See is currently teaching in the Nati … Tony See is currently teaching in the National University of Singapore (NUS). His research interests include philosophy, critical theory and media studies. His current research interest is in exploring theories of subjectivity, with a focus on the intersections between Deleuze’s idea of immanence and desire, and its resonances with the idea of Buddha-nature in Mahayana Buddhism. His previous publications include the book ''Community Without Identity: The Ontology and Politics of Heidegger'' (2009), and a number of articles such as "Deleuze and Mahayana Buddhism" (2014), "Deleuze and Ikeda" (2015) and "Deleuze, Religion and Education" (2016). ([https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9781137567055#aboutAuthors Source Accessed May 22, 2020])boutAuthors Source Accessed May 22, 2020]))
Brekke, T. + (Torkel Brekke works part-time as a religio … Torkel Brekke works part-time as a religious historian in Civita and head of the Civita Academy. Brekke is professor of cultural and religious diversity at the Institute for International Studies and Interpreter Education at OsloMet. Brekke is also associated with the Institute for Peace Research (PRIO). In 2007, Brekke became professor of religious history and South Asian area studies at the Department of Cultural Studies and Oriental Languages at the University of Oslo. He has a PhD from the University of Oxford, and has written and edited a number of books and articles on the relationship between culture and politics. He has worked as an adviser in the Ministry of Defence, and has had several types of engagements for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He is a regular writer for Dagbladet, and sits on the Swedish Science Council. ([https://civita.no/person/torkel-brekke/ Source Accessed Mar 22, 2023])kel-brekke/ Source Accessed Mar 22, 2023]))

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