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Sengchou 僧稠 (480-560), lived in monastery by the name of Xianjusi (Tranquil Dwelling Monastery), which
had once been the private villa of Emperor Xuanwudi (r. 499-515) of the Northern Wei dynasty. Seng Chou's meditation accomplishments were legendary and he had a profound influence on Chinese Buddhist history as a whole. He was a disciple of Buddhabhadra. +
Sengzhao. (J. Sōjō; K. Sǔngjo 僧肇) (374-414). Influential early Chinese monk and exegete, whose writings helped to popularize the works of the Madhyamaka school in China. Sengzhao is said to have been born into an impoverished family but was able to support himself by working as a copyist. Thanks to his trade, he was able to read through much of traditional Chinese literature and philosophy, including such Daoist classics as the ''Zhuangzi'' and ''Laozi'', and is said to have resolved to become a monk after reading the ''Vimalakīrtinirdeśa''. He later became a disciple of Kumārajīva and served as the Chinese-language stylist
for Kumārajīva’s translations. After Yao Xing (r. 394-416) of the Latter Qin dynasty (384-417) destroyed the state of Liang in 401, Sengzhao followed his teacher to Chang’an, where he and his colleague Sengrui (352-436) were appointed as two of the main assistants in Kumārajīva’s translation bureau there. Yao
Xing ordered them to elucidate the scriptures Kumārajīva had translated, so Sengzhao subsequently wrote his ''Bore wuzhi lun'' to explicate the ''Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikāprajñāpāramitāsūtra'' that Kumārajīva and his team had translated in 404. This and other influential treatises by Sengzhao were later compiled together as the Zhao lun. Sengzhao’s treatises and his commentary on the ''Vimalakīrtinirdeśa'' played a crucial role in the development of Mahāyāna thought in China. Sengzhao is treated retrospectively as a vaunt Courier in the San lun zong, the Chinese analogue of the Madhyamaka school, which was formally established some two centuries later by Jizang (549-623). The influential ''Baozang lun'' is also attributed to Sengzhao, although that treatise is probably a later work of the early Chan tradition. (Source: "Sengzhao." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 794. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
Seong-cheol KIM is a member of the Department of Buddhist Studies, Dongguk University. +
Produced a Chinese translation of Nāgārjuna's ''Praise to Satisfying Sentient Beings,'' published by Kurukulla Center for Tibetan Buddhist Studies in 2015. +
Also known as Geshe Lobsang Tharchin (1921 - 2004). Full Obituary: http://www.acidharma.org/directors/kr_passing.html
(Sermey Khensur Rinpoche Lobsang Tharchin) Khensur Rinpoche first came to the United States in April 1972; he continued to live and teach here for more than 30 years. He was one of the most senior Tibetan Buddhist masters to bring the holy teachings of Tibetan Buddhism to the west.
Sermey Khensur Rinpoche Lobsang Tharchin was born in Lhasa, Tibet in 1921. He entered the Mey College of Sera Monastery at an early age and proceeded through the rigorous 25 year program of Buddhist monastic and philosophical studies. Upon successful completion of the public examination by the best scholars of the day, Rinpoche was awarded the highest degree of Hlarampa Geshe with honors. In 1954, he entered the Gyumed Tantric College, completed its course of study under strict monastic discipline, and shortly afterwards attained a high-ranking administrative position.In 1959, Rinpoche escaped to India along with His Holiness, the 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, and tens of thousands of other Tibetans. Actively involved in Tibetan resettlement, he compiled a series of textbooks for a Tibetan curriculum to be used in refugee schools and also taught in Darjeeling, Simla, and Mussoorie.
In 1972, Khen Rinpoche was chosen by H.H. the Dalai Lama to come to the United States to participate in a project involving the translation of Buddhist scriptures. Upon its completion, he was invited to serve as the Abbot of Rashi Gempil Ling Temple in New Jersey, a position that he held until his passing, on December 1, 2004. In 1975 Rinpoche founded the Mahayana Sutra and Tantra Center in Washington D.C., with a branch in New Jersey, as well as, the Mahayana Sutra and Tantra Press. Over the years he has offered a vast range of Buddhist teachings.
In 1991, Khen Rinpoche was asked by His Holiness the Dalai Lama to serve as Abbot of Sera Mey monastery in south India. After a brief appointment there, he returned to the United States, where he continued to teach and direct a number of projects dedicated to the restoration of Sera Mey Monastery in India and to the flourishing of the Mahayana Buddhist Dharma in the West unitl his passing in December of 2004. [http://mstcdharma.org/teachers-history-of-center/ Mahayana Sutra and Tantra Center of Washington, DC]
The life of the Seventh Dalai Lama Kelzang Gyatso spanned a troubled period in Tibetan history, during which the Land of Snows was transformed from the battleground of competing Mongol factions into a protectorate of the Manchu Qing dynasty. Trained as a monk-scholar, the turmoil that surrounded his youth and early adulthood had effectively excluded him from an active political role until the events of 1747-1750 propelled him to head the Tibetan government at the age of forty-three. It may be said that the institution of the Dalai Lama, given its characteristic religio-political foundations under the leadership of the Great Fifth, assumed its mature form under the Seventh, whose relations with the Manchus set the pattern for Sino-Tibetan affairs throughout the remainder of the Qing dynasty. ([https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Seventh-Dalai-Lama-Kelzang-Gyatso/3107 Source Accessed Feb 3, 2022]) +
The Drikung Kyabgön Chetsang, Konchog Tenzin Kunsang Thrinle Lhundrup, was born on the 4th day of the 6th Tibetan month of the Fire-Dog-Year 1946 into the aristocratic family of Tsarong in Lhasa. This auspicious day marks the anniversary of the Buddha’s first turning of the Wheel of Dharma. Many prodigious signs and visions accompanied his birth. His grandfather, Dasang Damdul Tsarong (1888-1959), has been the favorite of the 13th Dalai Lama (1876-1933), Commander General of the Tibetan army and one of the most influential political figures in the early 20th century in Tibet. Chetsangs father, Dundul Namgyal Tsarong (b. 1920), held a high office in the Tibetan Government and he was still active in important positions for the Exile Government in Dharamsala after the escape of the Dalai Lama and the cabinet ministers. His mother, Yangchen Dolkar, is from the noble house of Ragashar, which descended from the ancient royal dynasty.
(Continue reading at [http://www.drikung.org/their-holiness/hh-kyabgoen-chetsang Drikung.org]) +
Rinpoche was born in the Bare region of lower Amdo in the tiger year, 1974, to Tsering Gyaltsen of the Magyal clan and Dondrup Drolma of the Adro clan, the same clan as that of the Sixth Dzogchen Rinpoche. (Source: [http://www.dzogchen-monastery.org/html/seventh_dzogchen_rinpoche.html Dzogchen Monastery Tibet]) +
Shangton Tenpa Gyatso was born in Tseshung (rtse gzhung) in 1825. His father's name was Nyingkar bum and his mother was Tsering Drolma. He entered Bkra-shis-'khyil monastery in 1837. He later took the Tshogs-bsags rab-'byams-pa degree in 1845. He went to Pe-cin to become the yongs 'dzin of the Thu'u-bkwan in 1854. His collected works (gsung 'bum) comprise four volumes (79 sections). His Collected Works can be found [https://archive.org/details/bdrc-W29232/mode/2up here]. ([https://www.tbrc.org/#!rid=P257 Adapted from Source Sep 1 2020])
The Geluk polymath Shangton Tenpa Gyatso was "someone who clearly upheld his own sect's theories and practices (''drubta'') and yet did not oppose, look down upon, or insult other sects," thus personifying this contemporary definition of rimé.
. . . Born into a family of humble means, Shangton eventually joined the ranks of prominent Geluk monastic literati while also becoming an accomplished severance (''chö'') practitioner. Shangton was born in the village of Khotse, one of the spiritual communities surrounding the large monastic complex of Labrang Tashikhyil in Amdo. At age seven, he took his initiate vows and received the name Konchok Thapkhe—a name that would stay with him long after his death, most commonly in the form Akhu Thapkhe ("Monk Thapkhe"). At age thirteen, he took up study at Labrang Tashikhyil, where he quickly excelled. He received an elite education in Buddhist dialectics from the foremost nineteenth-century luminaries of Labrang, but he never studied at any of the "three great seats of learning" in Lhasa (Drepung, Sera, and Ganden). His choice reflected a growing trend among accomplished Geluk scholars to study exclusively in Amdo, a pattern that continued into the twentieth century, as exemplified by some
of His Holiness the Fourteenth Dalai Lama's teachers. At age twenty-one, Shangton took full monastic vows and eventually earned the scholastic degrees of ''rabjampa'' and ''kachuwa''. His colleagues repeatedly recognized Shangton for his erudition, appointing him as tutor to important incarnate lamas and Geluk hierarchs. While Shangton joined the ranks of the elite Geluk literati in Amdo, he also remained a devout and open-minded practitioner. For example, he received severance instructions at age sixty-five from a female practitioner named Gungru Khandroma. He later authored her biography, making public his reverence for her. (Adapted from "Dictums for Developing Virtue" by Gedun Rabsal and Nicole Willock, in ''A Gathering of Brilliant Moons'', 84)
Shao Chang Lee was Professor of Chinese History and Language at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa. He was the first Director of the Oriental Institute when it was established in 1935. He received a B.A. from Yale University in 1917 and an M.A. from Columbia University in 1918. He is the author of several China-related publications. ([http://manoa.hawaii.edu/chinesestudies/lee-shao-chang/ Source Accessed Aug 17, 2021]) +
Shaoyong Ye is an Associate Professor in the Department of South Asian Studies, School of Foreign Languages, at Peking University, Beijing, China. He received his PhD in Indian Ancient Languages and Literature (2005−2009) from the Department of Oriental Languages and Cultures, Peking University, his MA in Indian Ancient Language and Literature (2002−2005) from the same dept., and holds a BA in Traditional Chinese Painting (1998−2002) from the Central Academy of Fine Arts, Beijing, China. He is the author of several articles on Sanskrit textual studies and the author of two monographs: ''Yuktiṣaṣtikākārikā: Editions of the Sanskrit, Tibetan and Chinese Versions, with commentary and a Modern Chinese Translation'' (with Xuezhu Li) (Zhongxi, 2014) and ''Mūlamadhyamakakārikā and Buddhāpalita's Commentary: A Philological Study on the Basis of Newly Identified Sanskrit Manuscripts'' (2011). +
Sharon Salzberg is a meditation pioneer and industry leader, a world-renowned teacher and New York Times bestselling author. As one of the first to bring meditation and mindfulness into mainstream American culture over 45 years ago, her relatable, demystifying approach has inspired generations of meditation teachers and wellness influencers. Sharon is co-founder of The Insight Meditation Society in Barre, MA, and the author of eleven books, including the New York Times bestseller, ''Real Happiness'', now in its second edition, her seminal work, ''Lovingkindness'' and her newest book, ''Real Change: Mindfulness To Heal Ourselves and the World'', coming in September of 2020 from Flatiron Books. Sharon’s secular, modern approach to Buddhist teachings is sought after at schools, conferences and retreat centers around the world. Sharon is the host of her own podcast, ''The Metta Hour'', featuring 100+ interviews with the top leaders and voices in the meditation and mindfulness movement, and her writing can be found on Medium, On Being, the Maria Shriver blog, and Huffington Post. ([https://www.dharma.org/teacher/sharon-salzberg/ Source Accessed Sept 16, 2020]) +
Sharpa Tulku (Tibetan ཤར་པ་སྤྲུལ་སྐུ, Wylie: Shar pa sprul sku) also called Sherpa Tulku and Lama Sharpa was born in 1948 in Tibet and is a Tibetan lama and writer from Sera Monastery.
Sharpa Tulku first came to the United States in 1962 as a 14-year-old. Geshe Sopa looked after Sharpa Tulku and his studies while in America. Later, Sharpa Tulku settled with his family in Madison, Wisconsin, where he lives today. ([https://fpmt.org/mandala/archives/mandala-for-2013/january/like-a-waking-dream/sharpa-tulku/ Source Accessed Jan 29, 2025]) +
Shechen Rabjam Rinpoche, born in 1967, is the grandson and spiritual heir of Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. Since his grandfather’s passing in 1991, Rabjam Rinpoche has taken the responsibility of transmitting Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche’s teachings, and is bringing his vision for the preservation of Tibetan Buddhist teaching and culture to fruition.
Rabjam Rinpoche is the seventh in the line of the Rabjam succession. The second Rabjam Rinpoche founded Shechen Monastery in Kham, eastern Tibet. ([https://shechen.org/spiritual-development/teachers/shechen-rabjam-rinpoche/ Source Accessed Feb. 10, 2022])
*'''The Shechen Rabjam Incarnations'''
:[[Shechen Rabjam Tenpé Gyaltsen]] (1650-1704)
:[[Gyurme Kunzang Namgyal]] (1711-1769)
:[[Rigdzin Paljor Gyatso]] (1770-1809)
:[[Garwang Chökyi Gyaltsen]] (1811?-1862?)
:[[Gyurme Pema Thekchok Tenpé Gyaltsen]] (1864-1909)
:[[Gyurme Kunzang Tenpé Nyima]] (aka Nangdzé Drubpé Dorje) (1910-1959)
:[[Jikmé Chökyi Senge]] (b.1967) +
Michael R. Sheehy is a Research Assistant Professor in Tibetan and Buddhist Studies, Director of Scholarship at the Contemplative Sciences Center, and affiliated faculty with the Tibet Center at the University of Virginia. He has conducted extensive fieldwork in Tibet, including three years training in a Buddhist monastery in the far eastern cultural domain of Golok. Michael’s research interests include Buddhist philosophy of mind, practices of contemplation, and the history of thought and science in Tibet. His writings and translations have given attention to histories of marginalized lineages in Tibet, most notably the ''zhentong'' (''gzhan stong'') and Kālacakra lineages of the Jonang order of Tibetan Buddhism.
For over a decade, through extensive collaborations with monastic communities, Michael worked on-the-ground to digitally preserve rare Tibetan manuscripts across the plateau. From 2008 to 2016, he was the editor-in-chief and research director at the Buddhist Digital Resource Center (formerly the Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center, TBRC). He worked closely with the late Tibetologist E. Gene Smith (1936-2010) to digitize Tibetan literature, develop scholarly resources, and architect the encyclopedic digital library. In 2004, together with Jonangpa exemplars, he founded the Jonang Foundation, an international nonprofit that preserves and promotes research on the Jonang order of Tibetan Buddhism.
Michael’s current research focus is contexts and dynamics of Tibetan contemplative practices. Most broadly, his interest lies in questions about how Buddhism, and Tibetan contemplative traditions more specifically, can contribute to discourses in the humanities, cognitive science, and cultural psychology about consciousness and its transformations. He is particularly interested in Tibetan contemplative practices of attention, dream, imagination and visualization, and embodiment as detailed in Tibetan yoga and meditation manuals.
He recently coedited with Klaus-Dieter Mathes (Vienna University) the book, ''The Other Emptiness: Rethinking the Zhentong Buddhist Discourse in Tibet'' (SUNY Press 2019), an anthology of scholarship on the history, literature, and philosophy of zhentong in Tibet. With David Germano, he is Series Editor of the ''Traditions and Transformations in Tibetan Buddhism'' and the ''Contemplative Sciences'' book series published by the University of Virginia Press.
Recent publications include:
* "The Philosophical Grounds and Literary History of Zhentong." 2019. Co-authored with Klaus-Dieter Mathes. In ''The Other Emptiness: Rethinking the Zhentong Buddhist Discourse in Tibet''. Edited by Michael R. Sheehy and Klaus Dieter-Mathes. State University of New York Press. ([http://www.sunypress.edu/pdf/64101.pdf Click here to read])
* "The Dharma of the Perfect Eon: Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsan’s (1292-1361) Hermeneutics of Time and the Jonang Doxography of Zhentong Madhyamaka." 2019. In ''The Other Emptiness: Rethinking the Zhentong Buddhist Discourse in Tibet''. Edited by Michael R. Sheehy and Klaus Dieter-Mathes. State University of New York Press.
* "The Zhentong Lion Roars: Dzamthang Khenpo Lodro Drakpa (1920-1975) and the Jonang Scholastic Renaissance." 2019. In ''The Other Emptiness: Rethinking the Zhentong Buddhist Discourse in Tibet''. Edited by Michael R. Sheehy and Klaus Dieter-Mathes. State University of New York Press.
* "Dolpopa Sherab Gyaltsen on Refraining from Meat." 2019. In ''The Faults of Meat: Tibetan Buddhist Writings on Vegetarianism''. Edited by Geoff Barstow. Boston: Wisdom Publications.
* "Traversing the Path of Meditation." 2017. In ''A Gathering of Brilliant Moons: Practice Advice from Rimé Masters of Tibet''. Ed. Holly Gayley and Joshua Schapiro. Wisdom Publications: Boston, MA.
Shelly Bhoil is a Brazil-based writer from India. Her works include a poetry book ''An Ember from Her Pyre'' (Writers Workshop), and two reference books on Tibet—(co-editor) ''Negotiating Dispossession: Tibetan Subjectivities on the Global Stage'' and (editor) ''Resistant Hybridities: New Narratives of Exile Tibet'' (forthcoming)—published by Lexington Books. ([http://lifeandlegends.com/katyayani-translated-by-shelly-bhoil/ Source Accessed Mar 10, 2023]) +
Sheng Yen (聖嚴; Pinyin: Shèngyán, birth name Zhang Baokang, 張保康) (January 22, 1931 – February 3, 2009) was a Chinese Buddhist monk, a religious scholar, and one of the mainstream teachers of Chan Buddhism. He was a 57th generational dharma heir of Linji Yixuan in the Linji school (Japanese: Rinzai) and a third-generation dharma heir of Hsu Yun. In the Caodong (Japanese: Sōtō) lineage, Sheng Yen was a 52nd-generation Dharma heir of Dongshan Liangjie (807–869), and a direct Dharma heir of Dongchu (1908–1977).
Sheng Yen was the founder of the Dharma Drum Mountain, a Buddhist organization based in Taiwan. During his time in Taiwan, Sheng Yen was well known as a progressive Buddhist teacher who sought to teach Buddhism in a modern and Western-influenced world. In Taiwan, he was one of four prominent modern Buddhist masters, along with Hsing Yun, Cheng Yen and Wei Chueh, popularly referred to as the "Four Heavenly Kings" of Taiwanese Buddhism. In 2000 he was one of the keynote speakers in the Millennium World Peace Summit of Religious and Spiritual Leaders held in the United Nations. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheng-yen Source Accessed November 12, 2019]) +
Sheng Yen (Chinese: 聖嚴; pinyin: Shèngyán), born Zhang Baokang (Chinese: 張保康; pinyin: Zhāngbǎokāng), (January 22, 1931 – February 3, 2009) was a Chinese Buddhist monk, a religious scholar, and one of the mainstream teachers of Chan Buddhism. He was a 57th generational dharma heir of Linji Yixuan in the Linji school (Japanese: Rinzai) and a third-generation dharma heir of Hsu Yun. In the Caodong (Japanese: Sōtō) lineage, Sheng Yen was a 52nd-generation Dharma heir of Dongshan Liangjie (807-869), and a direct Dharma heir of Dongchu (1908–1977).
Sheng Yen was the founder of the Dharma Drum Mountain, a Buddhist organization based in Taiwan. During his time in Taiwan, Sheng Yen was well known as a progressive Buddhist teacher who sought to teach Buddhism in a modern and Western-influenced world. In Taiwan, he was one of four prominent modern Buddhist masters, along with Hsing Yun, Cheng Yen and Wei Chueh, popularly referred to as the "Four Heavenly Kings" of Taiwanese Buddhism. In 2000 he was one of the keynote speakers in the Millennium World Peace Summit of Religious and Spiritual Leaders held at the United Nations. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheng-yen Source Accessed on April 29, 2020]) +
Sheng-chien 聖堅 was a greatly respected translator of Buddhist texts during the Western Ch'in (385–431 CE). He is believed to have translated sūtras (many of which are no longer extant), including the "Entering the Dharma World", or ''Gaṇḍavyūha Sūtra''. In the Taisho canon text number T294 is attributed to him. +
Shenghai Li is visiting associate professor in the Department of philosophy, National Taiwan University. He holds a Ph.D. in Languages and Cultures of Asia from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. His research interests include Indian Philosophy, Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy, Madhyamaka Philosophy, and Sanskrit and Tibetan languages. He has taught courses on Tibetan Buddhism and The Middle Way Philosophy of Candrakīrti. ([https://www.philo.ntu.edu.tw/?page_id=7361&lang=en Adapted from Source Apr 9, 2022]) +
