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Kaikyoku Watanabe was born in 1872 in Tokyo, Japan. After finishing at Jodo Sect School (1894) [he] continued his studies in Germany. Upon returning [he] was appointed principal of Shiba Middle School and at the same time began teaching at Taisho and Тoуo colleges (1911). Later he organized [the] Buddhist Workers Mutual Relief Association and [the] Buddhist Social Work Research Institute and advocated a union of Buddhists in Japan, India, China, Burma and Tibet. He supervised the compilation of Taisho Shin-shu Daizo-kyo (Complete Buddhist Scriptures Compiled in the Taisho Era). ([https://prabook.com/web/kaikyoku.watanabe/3752154 Source Accessed Sep 14, 2021]) +
Kali Nyima Cape is a scholar specializing in Tibetan Buddhism, Great Perfection (''rdzogs chen'') literature, women and gender studies. Her research has been funded by the Tsadra Foundation, Ford Foundation and Fulbright-Hays Fellowship. She is currently a Ph.D. Candidate at University of Virginia, where she has also served as an instructor teaching Tibetan Buddhism, Buddhism and Gender and Tibetan language. As a Native American and multicultural person, her teaching and research prioritizes diversity issues. Her current research focuses on women, and sexuality ''The Seminal Heart of the Ḍākinī'' (''mkha’ ‘gro snying thig''), scriptures of pivotal importance to the classical period of Great Perfection literature. (Source: Author, February 7, 2022) +
Dr. Kalpakam Sankarnarayan, Director, K. J. Somaiya Centre of Buddhist Studies, Vidyavihar, Mumbai, India, has authored Rasakalika of Rudrabhatta-A Critical Study and Exposition with English Translation. Her forthcoming books-Traditional Cultural Link between India and Japan (During 8th and 9th Centuries A.D.) in collaboration with Dr. Motohiro Yoritomi and Dr. Ichijo Ogawa, (Otani University, Kyoto, Japan), and Japanese Esoteric (Kukai's Shingon) Buddhism with Indian Perspective in collaboration with Dr. Motohiro Yoritomi, (Chairman, Shuchin University, Kyoto, Japan). ([https://www.exoticindiaart.com/book/details/buddhism-in-india-and-abroad-integrating-influence-in-vedic-and-post-vedic-perspective-IDF407/ Source Accessed Jan 28, 2021]) +
Kalu Rinpoche was one of the most prominent Tibetan lamas of the twentieth century, active in both exile communities and in the West. As a young man he spent over a decade in isolated retreat, coming out only to serve as retreat master at Tsādra Rinchen Drak. Although never formally enthroned, he was commonly recognized as a reincarnation of Jamgon Kongtrul. In exile he settled in India, where he was a primary teacher to many contemporary Kagyu lamas and served as the main propagator of the Shangpa Kagyu tradition. In the later decades of his life he traveled multiple times to Europe and North America, where he established dharma centers and three-year retreat centers and initiated the translation of Kongtrul's Treasury of Knowledge into English. (Source: [https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/kalu-rinpoche/12180 Treasury of Lives]) +
According to Fredrik Liland, nothing further is known about Kalyāṇadeva (Dge ba’i lha), aside from being the author of the ''Bodhisattvacaryāvatārasaṃskāra'', a commentary on the ''Bodhicaryāvatāra''. But his commentary is thought to be not as exhaustive and rich of citations as Prajñākaramati's ''Pañjikā''. +
Kalzang Dorjee Bhutia is currently a lecturer in the Department of Religious Studies at Grinnell College. He received his PhD in Buddhist Studies from the University of Delhi, and his current book project focuses on the modern history of Buddhism in Sikkim in a global context. +
Kamaleswar Bhattacharya (born on August 29, 1928, died March 16, 2014) is a French Indianist and Sanskritist of Indian origin.
Kamaleswar Bhattacharya was born in August 1928 in a small village north of Dhaka, capital of present-day Bangladesh, he was educated in Calcutta, Paris and at the Sanskrit University of Varanasi. In September 1955, with a French government academic group, he came to France to work in the Indology sector. In February 1962 he obtained a doctorate of letters (State doctorate) with the "very honorable mention". Domiciled in France in Brunoy, he died on March 16, 2014 in Dhaka.
'''Area of advanced research '''<br>
His two important researches, ''Brahmanic religions in ancient Cambodia, according to Epigraphy and Iconography'' (1961) and ''Researches on the Vocabulary of Sanskrit Inscriptions of Cambodia'' (1964-1991), are considered by scholars of the sector as classics and exemplars of Khmerology. He checked and corrected for the editions the translations of the Cambodian Sanskrit inscriptions of Auguste Barth, Abel Bergaigne, Louis Finot and George Coedès, great French Sanskritists. He is one of the few scholars with acquired knowledge for such a difficult mission.
'''Great specialist in Buddhism'''<br>
After receiving his state doctorate, he turned to more classical branches of Indology, in particular philosophy. His long association with Louis Renou (1956 - 1966) formed his philological point of view and guided all his research. His book ''The Ātman - Brahman in Ancient Buddhism'' (1973), based on extensive studies of the Pali Canon and Sanskrit sources, is the result of his extensive research on Cambodia. And then he touched on late Buddhist philosophy including Madhyamaka philosophy and some aspects of Buddhist epistemology. His translation of ''Vigrahavyāvartanī'' with annotations and his articles on the grammatical elements of Nāgārjuna's thought can serve as models for scholars of future generations.
'''Rare logician of modern times'''<br>
For the past forty years he has published extensively on various aspects of Indian thought: philosophy, logic, semantics and poetry. He has amply completed his annotated translation concerning the Navya-Nyāya (New Logic), the Siddhañta lakṣaṇa prakaraṇa of the Tattvacintāmaṇi of Gangesa with the Dīdhiti of Raghunātha Śiromaṇi and the Țīkā of Jagadīśa Tarkālamkāra. He also published his edition of the ''Tattvacintāmaṇiprabhā'' (Anumānakhaṇḍa) of the Yajñapati Upādhyāya. This is the first commentary of the well-known ''Tattvacintāmaṇi''. In his research on the texts, he emphasized the close relationship between the science of grammar and philosophical thought in India.
'''Distinguished researcher and professor'''<br>
During his career, he held important chairs and received honorary awards. Thanks to the support of Louis Renou, he entered in 1960 as a research associate at the National Center for Scientific Research in Paris where he retired in September 1996 to the rank of first-class research director. During this period he also taught as a visiting professor at Brown University (1967-1969), the University of Toronto (1977-1979), Viśva-Bhāratī University, Santiniketan (1980), and Adyar Library and Research. Center, Madras (1994-1995). After his retirement he was a Mercator-Gast professor at the University of Bonn in Germany. ([https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamaleswar_Bhattacharya Source Accessed Feb 23, 2023])
Lva ba pa, or bLa ma dGe slong, Skt. Kambalapāda, was a tenth-century master who, with others, discovered the yoginī tantras in the country of Oḍḍīyāna (BA, 753), and was important in the lineage of Guhyasamāja. He was known as the Sleeping Bhikṣu (monk) because he is said to have slept for three years at the gate of king Indrabhūti's palace (BA, 362). A bhasuku or bhusuku is similar to a mendicant (sprang bu), that is, free of purposeful action (bya bral pa) (KTGR 2005). Sleeping for three years would probably qualify! (Harding, ''Esoteric Instructions'', 192n172) +
My teaching and research together reflect my deep commitment to enhancing our curiosities about one another and to honing sensitive instruments of learning which help to make the once “strange” familiar. Religion studies is a multidisciplinary field, making our approaches both challenging and exciting. Whether it is teaching the discovery of the Tibetan Book of the Dead in my course Death and Desire, deconstructing popular understandings of such terms as ‘yoga’ and ‘buddha’ in Buddhist traditions, or networking across departments in planning a Japanese folk and jazz fusion concert for religions of Japan, I hope to facilitate learning in which once comfortably closed stances regarding ‘us’ and ‘them’ begin to open. Material artifacts can bring cultures into clearer view. I bring scrolls, amulets, spirit tablets, devotional paintings and music into my discussions so students can directly touch the manifestations of the abstract ideas they study. My course on Pilgrimage: Rites of Way has instilled in me the importance of journeying together as well, and I have taken students to see Himalayan art collections, talk with monks in a Tibetan monastery, and even to Japan to give them a sense of what it means to study religion in its fullest possible context. ([https://www.muhlenberg.edu/facultysearch/facultyresults/ktakahashi/ Source Accessed June 23, 2020]) +
Indian paṇḍita known to have collaborated with Patsab Nyima Drak on Candrakīrti's ''Madhyamakāvatāra'', ''Prasannapadā'', and ''Śūnyatāsaptativṛtti''. He also helped to translate Pūrṇavardhanaḥ's ''Abhidharmakośaṭīkālakṣaṇānusāriṇī'', a two-volume commentary on Vasubhandu's ''Abhidharmakośa''. (Source: [https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/Patsab-Nyima-Drak/P5651#:~:text=With%20Pa%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dita%20Kanakavarma%2C%20Patsab%20edited,of%20pram%C4%81%E1%B9%87a%20(tshad%20ma) Treasury of Lives]) +
Khandipa was a low-caste sweeper who made his clothes by sewing rags together. A yogin offered to teach him the dharma and gave him the Cakrasaṃvara initiation. However, Khandipa was unable to make any progress because he kept thinking about sewing. In order to overcome his distraction, the yogin told him how to use those thoughts in his meditation practice, explaining that in reality there is no sewing and there is nothing to be sewn. After twelve years of meditation, Khandipa achieved mahāmudrā. (Source: Lopez Jr., Donald S. ''Seeing the Sacred in Samsara: An Illustrated Guide to the Eighty-Four Mahāsiddhas''. Boulder: Shambhala Publications, 2019: p. 93.) +
Kaoru Onishi is lecturer in Buddhist Studies at Kansai University in Osaka, Japan. His research interests focus on the discourse of Mahâyâna Buddhist texts as well as on the history of Buddhist Studies in modern Japan. ([http://www.balcerowicz.eu/indology/Logic_and_Belief_in_Indian_Philosophy_2016.pdf Source Accessed Feb 26, 2021]) +
K. T. S. Sarao or Karam Tej Singh Sarao (Hindi: कर्म तेज सिंह सराओ; Punjabi: ਕਰਮ ਤੇਜ ਸਿੰਘ ਸਰਾਓ; born 1 April 1955) is the former head and professor of Buddhist Studies at the University of Delhi. Sarao has been a visiting professor/fellow at Dongguk University, Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies, Preah Sihanouk Raja Buddhist University, St Edmund's College, Cambridge, Maison des Sciences de L'Homme, University of Toronto, and Visva-Bharati University.
He was born in village Chatha Gobindpura, Sangrur and received his high school certificate from Khanauri High School. Later, after having attended D.A.V. College, Chandigarh for one year, he went to Delhi University from where he obtained a bachelor's honours degree in history with economics, a first-class-first master’s in history, and a PhD in Buddhism. In 1985, he went to Cambridge University as a Commonwealth scholar and received his second doctorate in Pāli and archaeology under the supervision of Raymond Allchin and K. R. Norman in 1989. Between the years 1981 and 1993, he also worked part-time for India’s Ministry of Defence as National Cadet Corps officer in the rank of captain. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K._T._S._Sarao Source Accessed Apr 12, 2022]) +
Karel Werner (12 January 1925 – 26 November 2019) was an indologist, orientalist, religious studies scholar, and philosopher of religion born in Jemnice in what is now the Czech Republic. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karel_Werner Source Accessed Mar 6, 2025]) +
Karen C. Lang is Professor of Buddhist Studies and Indian Religions and Director of the Center for South Asian Studies. As a member of UVA's Religious Studies Department since 1982, she has taught graduate and undergraduate courses on Buddhist history and philosophy, including seminars on Buddhist and Hindu Ethics, Jainism, Mahayana Budddhism, and Buddhism and Gender, as well as reading courses in Sanskrit, Pali, and Tibetan. She has received Fulbright, NEH, and AIIS fellowships. Her publications include ''Four Illusions: Candrakirti's Advice on the Bodhisattva Path'', ''Aryadeva on the Bodhisattva's Cultivation of Merit and Knoweldge'' (translated into German in 2007), and numerous articles on Buddhist philosophy and literature. Professor Lang was a member of the translation team that produced the first English translation of Tsongkhapa's ''The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment''. Her current research and translation interests focus on the work of 7th-century Buddhist philosopher Candrakirti. ([https://religiousstudies.as.virginia.edu/node/75 Source Accessed Mar 31, 2021]) +
Karen Liljenberg was born in 1957, in Bootle, Merseyside. She attended local state schools, where
she first developed her lifelong interest in ancient cultures, languages, and spiritual traditions. She went on to study Classics and Archaeology at Girton College, Cambridge, graduating in 1979. Having taught herself Welsh, she then moved to Wales where she learnt to play traditional music on various instruments while working in the fields of archaeology, lexicography, and language teaching. She also had some of her own poetry published, with a collection appearing in 1992 ("Bóand's Hostel", Sheela-na-gig Press).
In 1992 she became interested in Tibetan Buddhism, and began learning Tibetan. Attracted in particular to the Dzogchen teachings, she joined Rigpa and attended numerous retreats and teachings in the UK, Ireland and France. She went on a group pilgrimage to India and Sikkim in 1994. She then returned to India as a volunteer English teacher at Dzogchen Monastery, near Kollegal. She paid the monks a second visit the following year, spending about nine months there in total, gradually improving her Tibetan in the process.
Having obtained a CELTA certificate in London in 1996, she moved to Brussels where she worked as an English teacher. She also began doing Tibetan-English translation and interpreting work for various lamas.
After moving back to the UK she obtained an MA in Buddhist Studies in 2008, and in March 2013 she completed her AHRC-funded doctoral research and was awarded her PhD at SOAS, University of London.
Currently she is now writing up her research on a group of early Dzogchen texts with a view to publication. She is also translating sutras from the Tibetan canon for the 84000 Project. ([https://www.zangthal.co.uk/karen.html Adapted from Source Jan 10, 2023]) +
Karin received a PhD with distinction from The University of Chicago Divinity School in 2010, and since then has taught Buddhist Studies at several colleges and universities in the US and abroad, including Kathmandu University and Rangjung Yeshe Institute’s Centre for Buddhist Studies in Nepal, where she directed the masters program in Buddhist Studies until returning to the US in 2017. Karin’s scholarly work focuses on bringing Buddhist perspectives to bear on cross-cultural and interdisciplinary inquiry into fundamental metaphysical, epistemological, and ethical questions. Karin has practiced Buddhism in Tibetan and Theravāda traditions and took a year in 2019 to serve as retreat support fellow at the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, MA. Before attending graduate school she worked at the Buddhist Peace Fellowship in the Bay Area and has recently returned to these socially engaged roots, promoting Buddhist activism in regard to the accelerating climate and ecological crisis. (Source: [https://www.mangalamresearch.org/people/ Mangalam Research Center]) +
Karin Preisendanz (born January 6, 1958 in Heidelberg) is a German Indologist. In 1985 she received the Dr. Phil. at the University of Hamburg and in 1995 the habilitation and the venia legendi in Hamburg. From 1986 to 1987 she was a research assistant at Albrecht Wezler and from 1987 to 1990 at the Institute for Indian Philology and Art History at the Free University of Berlin. From 1990 to 1993 she was Assistant Professor for Hinduism and Buddhism at the Department of Asian Studies, University of British Columbia. From 1993 to 1999 she was research assistant C1 at the Institute for Culture and History of India and Tibet in Hamburg. She has been a professor of Indology since 1999 at the University in Vienna. ([https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karin_Preisendanz Source Accessed Mar 31, 2021]) +
Born in Germany, Karl Brunnhölzl, M.D. was trained as a physician in Germany. He studied Tibetology, Buddhology, and Sanskrit at [[Hamburg University]]. He received training in Tibetan language and Buddhist philosophy and practice at the Marpa Institute for Translators, founded by [[Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamsto Rinpoche]].
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[[The Foliage of Superior Insight|Ashé Journal Article]]
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[http://www.nalandabodhi.org/teachers/western-teachers/karl-brunnholzl.aspx Nalandabodhi teacher page]
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'''Brief Biography:'''
Karl was originally trained, and worked, as a physician. He took Buddhist refuge vows in 1984 and, in 1990, completed a five-year training in higher Buddhist philosophy at Kamalashila Institute, Germany, receiving the traditional Kagyü title of "dharma tutor" (Tib. skyor dpon). Since 1988, he received his Buddhist and Tibetan language training mainly at Marpa Institute For Translators in Kathmandu, Nepal (director: Khenpo Tsültrim Gyamtso Rinpoche) and also studied Tibetology, Buddhology, and Sanskrit at Hamburg University, Germany. Since 1989, Karl served as a translator, interpreter, and Buddhist teacher mainly in Europe, India, and Nepal. Since 1999, he has acted as one of the main translators and teachers at Nitartha Institute (director: Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche) in the USA, Canada, and Germany. In addition, he regularly taught at Gampo Abbey's Vidyadhara Institute from 2000-2007. He is the author of several books on Buddhism, such as The Center of the Sunlit Sky, Straight from the Heart, In Praise of Dharmadhātu, and Luminous Heart (all Snow Lion Publications).
Karl met Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche in 1986 during Rinpoche's first teaching tour through Europe, receiving extensive teachings as well as pratimoksha vows from him during the following years in both Europe and Nepal, and later also in Canada and the USA. He served as Rinpoche's personal translator during his teachings tours in Europe (particularly at Nitartha Institute in Germany) from 1999-2005. In 2005, he was appointed as one of five Western Nalandabodhi teachers and given the title "mitra."
In 2006, he moved to Seattle and works as a full-time Tibetan translator for Tsadra Foundation. Since his arrival in Seattle, Karl was instrumental in creating the new introductory NB Buddhism 100 Series, leads NB Study Path classes, presents weekend courses and open house talks at Nalanda West, offers selected teachings to the Vajrasattva and Mahamudra practice communities, and provides personal guidance as a PI. He also teaches weekend seminars and Nitartha Institute courses in NB centers in the US, Canada, and Mexico as well as other locations.
Within the Mitra Council, Karl is the current Dean until 2010 and is mainly supervising and revising the NB Study Path (which includes revising the Hinayana and Mahayana study path and creating a Vajrayana study path). While enthusiastic about all facets of the dharma, his main interests are the teachings on Mahamudra, Yogacara and Buddha Nature, and to make the essential teachings by the Karmapas and other major Kagyu lineage figures available to contemporary Western audiences. [http://www.nalandabodhi.org/teachers/western-teachers/karl-brunnholzl.aspx Source]
Karl Harrington Potter (born August 19, 1927) is an American-born writer, academic, [and] Indologist from the University of Washington. He studied at the University of California, as well as Harvard University, and is known for his writings on Indian philosophy. He is perhaps most well known for his work on the ''Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies''. +
