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Shiv Nath Sharma + (Shiv Nath Sharma was a scholar who assiste … Shiv Nath Sharma was a scholar who assisted in the translation and study of Buddhist texts, particularly the Gilgit Manuscripts. He worked alongside other scholars such as D. M. Bhattacharya and Nalinaksha Dutt in the analysis and publication of these important Buddhist texts. Sharma held the title of Vidyavaridhi, indicating his high level of scholarly achievement. His contributions were significant in making ancient Buddhist texts more accessible to modern scholars and practitioners.ible to modern scholars and practitioners.)
Shogo Watanabe + (Shogo Watanabe is Professor in the Departm … Shogo Watanabe is Professor in the Department of Eastern Philosophy and Culture, Faculty of Letters, at Toyo University in Japan. His Research interests include Indian Buddhism, early Mahayana Buddhism, the Prajnaparamita Sutras, and Mahayana Buddhism. ([http://www.toyo.ac.jp/nyushi/en/column-en/video-lecture-en/20171220_05.html Source Accessed Aug 18, 2021])220_05.html Source Accessed Aug 18, 2021]))
Shohaku Okumura + (Shohaku Okumura was born in Osaka, Japan i … Shohaku Okumura was born in Osaka, Japan in 1948. He is an ordained priest and Dharma successor of Kōshō Uchiyama Roshi in the lineage of Kōdō Sawaki Roshi. He is a graduate of Komazawa University and has practiced at Antaiji with Kōshō Uchiyama Roshi, Zuioji with Narasaki Ikkō Roshi in Japan, and Pioneer Valley Zendo in Massachusetts. He taught at Kyoto Sōtō Zen Center in Japan and Minnesota Zen Meditation Center in Minneapolis. He was the director of the Soto Zen Buddhism International Center (previously called Soto Zen Education Center) in San Francisco from 1997 to 2010.His previously published books of translation include ''Dōgen’s Extensive Record: A Translation of the Eihei Kōroku''; ''Shikantaza: An Introduction to Zazen''; ''Shōbōgenzō Zuimonki: Sayings of Eihei Dōgen Zenji''; ''Heart of Zen: Practice without Gaining-mind'' (previously titled ''Dōgen Zen''); ''Zen Teachings of "Homeless" Kōdō''; ''Opening the Hand of Thought''; ''The Whole Hearted Way: A Translation of Eihei Dōgen’s Bendōwa with Commentary by Kōshō Uchiyama Roshi''; and ''Dōgen’s Pure Standards for the Zen Community: A Translation of Eihei Shingi''. Okumura is also the editor of ''Dōgen Zen and Its Relevance for Our Time''; ''Soto Zen: An Introduction to Zazen''; and ''Nothing is Hidden: Essays on Zen Master Dōgen’s Instructions for the Cook''.He is the founding teacher of the Sanshin Zen Community, based in Bloomington, Indiana, where he lives with his family. (''Realizing Genjokoan'', about the author)''Realizing Genjokoan'', about the author))
Thrangu Rinpoche + (Short Biography of the Ninth Khenchen Thra … Short Biography of the Ninth Khenchen Thrangu Tulku, Karma Lodrö Lungrik Maway Senge: The Venerable Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche was born in Kham, Tibet, in 1933. At the age of five, he was formally recognized by His Holiness the Sixteenth Karmapa and Tai Situpa as the ninth incarnation of the great Thrangu tulku. He entered Thrangu monastery, where, from the ages of seven to sixteen, he studied reading, writing, grammar, poetry, and astrology, memorized ritual texts, and completed two preliminary retreats. At sixteen, under the direction of Khenpo Lodro Rabsel, he began the study of the three vehicles of Buddhism while in retreat. At twenty-three he received full ordination from the Karmapa.Because of the Chinese military takeover of Tibet, Thrangu Rinpoche, then twenty-seven, was forced to flee to India in 1959. He was called to Rumtek monastery in Sikkim, where the Karmapa has his seat in exile. Because of his great scholarship and unending diligence, he was given the task of preserving the teachings of the Kagyu lineage; the lineage of Marpa, Milarepa, and Gampopa, so that one thousand years of profound Buddhist teachings would not be lost.He continued his studies in exile, and at the age of thirty-five he took the geshe examination before 1500 monks at Buxador monastic refugee camp in Bengal and was awarded the degree of Geshe Lharampa. Upon his return to Rumtek, he was awarded the highest Khenchen degree. Because many of the Buddhist texts in Tibet were destroyed, Thrangu Rinpoche helped in beginning the recovery of these texts from Tibetan monasteries outside of Tibet. He was named Abbot of Rumtek monastery and the Nalanda Institute for Higher Buddhist Studies at Rumtek. Thrangu Rinpoche, along with Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche, was one of the principal teachers at the Institute, training all the younger tulkus of the lineage, including The Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche, who was in the first class. He was also the personal tutor of the four principal Karma Kagyu tulkus: Shamar Rinpoche, Situ Rinpoche, Jamgon Kongtrul Rinpoche, and Gyaltsab Rinpoche. Thrangu Rinpoche established the fundamental curriculum of the Karma Kagyu lineage taught at Rumtek. In addition, he taught with Khenpo Karthar, who had been a teacher at Thrangu Rinpoche's monastery in Tibet before 1959, and who is now head of Karma Triyana Dharmachakra in Woodstock, New York, the seat of His Holiness Karmapa in North America.After twenty years at Rumtek, in 1976 Thrangu Rinpoche founded the small monastery of Thrangu Tashi Choling in Boudhanath, Kathmandu, Nepal. Since then, he has founded a retreat center and college at Namo Buddha, east of the Kathmandu Valley, and has established a school in Boudhanath for the general education of Tibetan lay children and young monks in Western subjects as well as in Buddhist studies. In Kathmandu, he built Tara Abbey, which offers a full dharma education for Tibetan nuns, training them to become khenpos or teachers. He has also established a free medical clinic in an impoverished area of Nepal.Thrangu Rinpoche recently completed a large, beautiful monastery in Sarnath, India, overlooking the Deer Park where the Buddha gave his first teaching on the Four Noble Truths. This monastery is named Vajra Vidya after the Sixteenth Gyalwa Karmapa, and it is now the seat for the annual Kagyu conference led by His Holiness the Seventeenth Karmapa. In January of this year, His Holiness the Dalai Lama came to Sarnath to perform a ceremony in the Deer Park with the Karmapa, Thrangu Rinpoche, and other high lamas.Around 1976, Thrangu Rinpoche began giving authentic Buddhist teachings in the West. He has traveled extensively throughout Europe, Asia, and the United States. In 1984 he spent several months in Tibet where he ordained over one hundred monks and nuns and visited several monasteries. In the United States, Thrangu Rinpoche has centers in Maine and California, and is currently building the Vajra Vidya Retreat Center in Crestone, Colorado. Highly qualified monks and nuns from Thrangu Rinpoche's monastery will give retreatants instruction in various intensive practices. He often visits and gives teachings in centers in New York, Connecticut, and Seattle, Washington. In Canada, he gives teachings in Vancouver and has a center in Edmonton. He is the Abbot of Gampo Abbey, a Buddhist monastery in Nova Scotia. He conducts yearly Namo Buddha seminars in the United States, Canada, and Europe, which are also part of a meditation retreat.Rinpoche has now taught in over twenty-five countries and has seventeen centers in twelve countries. He is especially known for making complex teachings accessible to Western students. Thrangu Rinpoche is a recognized master of Mahamudra meditation.Because of his vast knowledge of the Dharma and his skill as a teacher, he was appointed by His Holiness the Dalai Lama to be the personal tutor for His Holiness the Seventeenth Karmapa.(Source: [http://www.rinpoche.com/bio1.htm Rinpoche.com, Official Site of the 9th Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche])For ''The Life of Thrangu Rinpoche with Pictures'' [http://www.rinpoche.com/life_of_TR_11_11_2015.pdf Click here].com/life_of_TR_11_11_2015.pdf Click here])
Śrīsiṃha + (Shri Singha was the chief disciple and suc … Shri Singha was the chief disciple and successor of Manjushrimitra in the lineage of the Dzogchen teachings. He was born in the Chinese city of Shokyam in Khotan and studied at first with the Chinese masters Hatibhala and Bhelakirti. In his Ocean of Wondrous Sayings, Guru Tashi Tobgyal adds that Shri Singha received a prophesy from Avalokiteshvara while traveling to Serling, telling him to go to the Sosaling charnel ground in order to be sure of the ultimate attainment. After many years Shri Singha met Manjushrimitra in the charnel ground of Sosaling, and remained with him for twenty-five years. Having transmitted all the oral instructions, the great master Manjushrimitra dissolved his bodily form into a mass of light. When Shri Singha cried out in despair and uttered songs of deep yearning, Manjushrimitra appeared again and bestowed him a tiny casket of precious substance. The casket contained his master's final words, a vital instruction named Gomnyam Drugpa, the Six Experiences of Meditation. Having received this transmission, Shri Singha reached ultimate confidence. In Bodhgaya he found the manuscripts of the tantras previously hidden by Manjushrimitra which he took to China where he classified the Instruction Section into four parts: the outer, inner, secret, and the innermost unexcelled sections. Among Shri Singha's disciples were four outstanding masters: Jnanasutra, Vimalamitra, Padmasambhava and the Tibetan translator Vairotsana. (Source: [https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Shri_Singha RY wiki])tsadra.org/index.php/Shri_Singha RY wiki]))
Shu-hui Jennifer Chen + (Shu-hui Jennifer Chen completed her doctor … Shu-hui Jennifer Chen completed her doctorate in Buddhist studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1998. According to her dissertation, her major advisor was Professor Gudrun Biihnemann. She also worked closely with Professor Minoru Kiyota, who introduced her to the topic of tathāgatagarbha. In addition, she also worked with Professor Tsai-fa Cheng, Professor Geshe Sopa, and Professor Muhammad Memon. Geshe Sopa, and Professor Muhammad Memon.)
Shuman Chen + (Shuman Chen’s primary research is Chinese … Shuman Chen’s primary research is Chinese Tiantai Buddhist philosophy. Her secondary research interests include Chan/Zen Buddhism, Buddhist art, and Daoist philosophy. With a hermeneutic approach, her dissertation explores the idea of the Buddha-nature of insentient beings in the Chinese and Japanese Buddhist traditions, with a focus on the philosophy of Jingxi Zhanran in the Tang dynasty. Her dissertation also covers East Asian art with a discussion on how plants are portrayed as sages and why pagodas and relics might be considered sentient. From an environmental perspective, she also examines how to appreciate the insentient world’s Buddha-nature, hoping to increase our awareness of the mutual relationship between human beings and nature. ([https://sites.northwestern.edu/asgc/graduate-students/ Source Accessed Jul 21, 2020])e-students/ Source Accessed Jul 21, 2020]))
Shunryu Suzuki + (Shunryu Suzuki (鈴木俊隆 Suzuki Shunryū, dhar … Shunryu Suzuki (鈴木俊隆 Suzuki Shunryū, dharma name Shōgaku Shunryū 祥岳俊隆) (May 18, 1904–December 4, 1971) was a Sōtō Zen roshi (priest) who popularized Zen Buddhism in the United States, particularly around San Francisco. Born in the Kanagawa Prefecture of Japan, Suzuki was occasionally mistaken for the Zen scholar D.T. Suzuki, to which Suzuki would reply, "No, he's the big Suzuki, I'm the little Suzuki."In 1924 Shunryu enrolled in a Soto preparatory school in Tokyo not far from Shogan-ji, where he lived on the school grounds in the dorm. From 1925 to 1926 Suzuki did Zen training with Dojun Kato in Shizuoka at Kenko-in. He continued his schooling during this period. Here Shunryu became head monk for a 100 day retreat, after which he was no longer merely considered a novice. He had completed his training as a head monk.In April 1926 Shunryu graduated from preparatory school and entered Komazawa Daigakurin, a university which also taught Soto Zen. During this period he continued his connections with So-on in Zoun-in, going back and forth whenever possible.Some of his teachers here were discussing how Soto Zen might reach a bigger audience with students and, while Shunryu couldn't comprehend how Western cultures could ever understand Zen, he was intrigued.On August 26, 1926, at age 22, So-on gave Dharma transmission to Suzuki. Shunryu's father also retired as abbot at Shogan-ji this same year, and moved the family onto the grounds of Zoun-in where he served as inkyo (retired abbot).Later that year Suzuki spent a short time in the hospital with tuberculosis, but soon recovered. In 1927 an important chapter in Suzuki's life was turned. He went to visit a professor in English he had at Komazawa named Miss Nona Ransom, a woman who had taught English to such people as Jiro Kano and the children of Chinese president Li Yuanhong. She hired him that day to be a translator with others and to help with errands. Through this period he realized she was very ignorant of Japanese culture and the religion of Buddhism. She respected it very little and saw it as idol worship. But one day, when there were no chores to be done, the two had a conversation on Buddhism that changed her mind. She even let Suzuki teach her zazen meditation. This experience is significant in that Suzuki realized that Western ignorance of Buddhism could be transformed if they were educated on exactly what it is.On January 22, 1929, So-on retired as abbot of Zoun-in and installed Shunryu as its 28th abbot. Sogaku would run the temple for Shunryu. In January 1930 a ceremony called ten'e was held at Zoun-in for Shunryu acknowledging So-on's Dharma transmission to him. A way for the Soto heads to grant him permission to teach as a priest. On April 10, 1930, at age 25, Suzuki graduated from Komazawa Daigakurin with a major in Zen and Buddhist philosophy, and a minor in English.Suzuki mentioned to So-on during this period that he might be interested in going to America to teach Zen Buddhism. So-on was adamantly opposed to the idea. Suzuki realized that his teacher felt very close to him and that he would take such a departure as an insult. He did not mention it to him again. ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunryu_Suzuki Source Accessed Nov 18 2019])unryu_Suzuki Source Accessed Nov 18 2019]))
Shuyu Kanaoka + (Shuyu Kanaoka is a distinguished Japanese … Shuyu Kanaoka is a distinguished Japanese scholar specializing in Buddhist studies, with a particular focus on comparative textual analysis and the transmission of Buddhist texts across different cultural and linguistic contexts. Her scholarly work primarily centers on the ''Bodhicaryāvatāra'', a seminal Mahāyāna Buddhist text attributed to the 8th-century Indian philosopher Śāntideva.Kanaoka has made significant contributions to the understanding of Buddhist textual traditions, particularly in her meticulous comparative studies of Sanskrit, Tibetan, and Mongolian Buddhist manuscripts. Her research delves deep into the nuanced transmission and interpretation of Buddhist philosophical texts, with a special emphasis on the ''Bodhicaryāvatāra'' and its various regional adaptations.Her notable publications include several in-depth scholarly articles that explore the textual complexities of Buddhist literature:*"On the Duplicated Chapter of the Mongolian Bodhicaryāvatāra"*"A Comparative Study of Sanskrit, Tibetan and Mongolian on Prajñāpāramitā Chapter of Śāntideva's Bodhicaryāvatāra"*"Characteristics of the Buddhist Mongolian Texts: The Lineage of the Bodhicaryāvatāra"*"Regional Characteristics of Mongolian Buddhism: A Study on the Basis of the Bodhicaryāvatāra"*"Śāntideva's Attitude towards Vijñāna Theory"Through her scholarly work, Kanaoka has made important contributions to understanding the intricate transmission and interpretation of Buddhist philosophical texts across different linguistic and cultural traditions, particularly focusing on the Mongolian Buddhist textual landscape. (Generated by Claude AI March 26, 2025)e. (Generated by Claude AI March 26, 2025))
Siglinde Dietz + (Siglinde Dietz PhD, born 1937, is a classi … Siglinde Dietz PhD, born 1937, is a classical philologist and Indologist. She was a research assistant at the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen from 1980-2002. Her areas of work include Buddhist studies and lexicography. ([https://www.suhrkamp.de/autoren/siglinde_dietz_7404.html Adapted from Source Feb 22, 2021])04.html Adapted from Source Feb 22, 2021]))
Jonathan Silk + (Silk (1960-) studied East Asian Studies at … Silk (1960-) studied East Asian Studies at the Oberlin College in Ohio and subsequently Buddhist Studies at the University of Michigan. At the latter university he obtained his PhD in 1994 with the thesis: ''The Origins and Early History of the Mahāratnakūţa Tradition of Mahāyāna Buddhism, With a Study of the Ratnarāśisūtra and Related Materials''.During his studies, Silk spent several years in Japan. After his PhD, he became Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at Grinnell College in Iowa and in 1995 at the Department of Comparative Religion of the Western Michigan University. From 1998 until 2002 he taught in the Department of Religious Studies at Yale University, and from 2002 in the Department of Asian Languages and Cultures of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Since 2007 he has been Professor in the study of Buddhism at Leiden. In 2010 he was awarded a VICI grant from the NWO (Dutch National Science Foundation) for project: “Buddhism and Social Justice.” In 2016 he was elected as a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen [KNAW]).Currently, Silk is Professor of Buddhist Studies at the Leiden University Institute for Area Studies. He specializes in Buddhism in its Asian contexts, primarily from a historical point of view. He has a special interest in Buddhist scriptures.Research:Silk’s scientific orientation on Buddhism is very broad, in time as well as geographically: his interest covers the oldest primary sources and the rise of Buddhist communities all over Asia, but he is equally interested in the spread of Buddhism throughout Asia. Silk reads Sanskrit, Pāli, , Classic Tibetan, Classic Chinese, and Japanese.Recent publications:2016 - ''Materials Toward the Study of Vasubandhu’s Viṁśikā (I): Sanskrit and Tibetan Critical Editions of the Verses and Autocommentary; An English Translation and Annotations''. Harvard Oriental Series 81 (Cambridge MA: Department of South Asian Studies, Harvard University).2015 - ''Buddhist Cosmic Unity: An Edition, Translation and Study of the Anūnatvāpūrṇatvanirdeśaparivarta''. Hamburg Buddhist Studies 4 (Hamburg: Hamburg University Press). Indian Buddhist Monasticism (Oxford: Oxford University Press)2015 - ''Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism. Volume I: Literature and Languages''. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section Two, India, 29/1. Leiden: Brill. (editor)2013 - ''Buddhism in China: Collected Papers of Erik Zürcher''. Sinica Leidensia 112 (Leiden: Brill). (co-editor) ([https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/staffmembers/jonathan-silk/publications#tab-2 Source Accessed Aug 5, 2020])ations#tab-2 Source Accessed Aug 5, 2020]))
Simon Paul James + (Simon Paul James came to philosophy by a r … Simon Paul James came to philosophy by a roundabout route, taking a BSc in Biological Sciences, followed by an MA in the History and Philosophy of Science, before obtaining a PhD for a thesis on environmental ethics in 2001. He is currently an Associate Professor (Reader) in the Department of Philosophy at Durham University in England.His work engages with a wide range of issues in environmental philosophy, from Buddhist approaches to wildlife conservation to our moral relations with rock formations, and from the (so-called) problem of animal minds to the virtue ethical question of whether a good life must be a green life. ([https://www.dur.ac.uk/directory/profile/?id=2390 Adapted from Source May 18, 2021])id=2390 Adapted from Source May 18, 2021]))
Simon Houlton + (Simon began studying the Dharma in India i … Simon began studying the Dharma in India in 1996. In 2000 he joined the Dharma and Tibetan language classes at the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives and then lived for three years in Drepung Loseling monastery in South India improving his Tibetan and learning the basics of debate. In 2007 he enrolled as a full-time student at the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics in McLeod Ganj and completed the 16-year Rime Geshe degree of study. His interests lie in how to study in a nonsectarian manner and the larger project of transmission of Buddhism to the west. He has been working at Tsadra Foundation since 2023.n working at Tsadra Foundation since 2023.)
Sina Joos + (Sina Joos received her MA in Tibetan studi … Sina Joos received her MA in Tibetan studies, Chinese studies, and the History of Oriental Art in 2009 from the University of Bonn, Germany. Since 2016 she has been a PhD candidate at the Department of South Asian, Tibetan, and Buddhist Studies at the University of Vienna, Austria, under the supervision of Prof. Klaus-Dieter Mathes. Her research focuses on the ''gzhan stong'' doctrine of the Jonang school, while her teachers are mainly from the bka’ brgyud school of Tibetan Buddhism. Apart from her academic studies, she participated in the Translation Training Program at Rangjung Yeshe Institute in Kathmandu and works at the Kamalashila Institute for Buddhist Studies and Meditation, interpreting for Tibetan lamas as well as translating and editing texts for the practice sessions and seminars.ts for the practice sessions and seminars.)
Ulrich von Schroeder + (Since 1965 at the age of twenty-two, Ulric … Since 1965 at the age of twenty-two, Ulrich von Schroeder studies Buddhist art and culture as an independent scholar. The results of his numerous field trips are published in several monumental volumes. Learn more at [https://www.visualdharma.com/bsit.html Visual Dharma Publications] or [https://shop.garudabooks.ch/en/tags/ulrich-von-schroeder/ Garuda Books]. [https://independent.academia.edu/UlrichvonSchroeder Source: Academia.edu Accessed May 23, 2025].urce: Academia.edu Accessed May 23, 2025].)
Preston, C. + (Since 1994, Craig Preston has been a teach … Since 1994, Craig Preston has been a teacher for many, teaching classical Tibetan to English speakers in the United States first at Namgyal Institute of Buddhist Studies and Nagarjuna Language Institute in Ithaca, New York, and more recently at Maitripa College in Portland, Oregon, where Craig has taught the Classical Tibetan Summer Intensive for the last few years.In addition to teaching Tibetan, Craig also works as a translator of Tibetan texts. With Rebecca French at SUNY Buffalo, Craig translated Tibetan legal code. Currently, Craig is working on a project led by his former professor at University of Virginia, Jeffrey Hopkins, to translate the monastic textbooks written by Jamyang Cheba. ([http://fpmt.org/mandala/archives/mandala-for-2012/october/an-interview-with-craig-preston/ Source])/an-interview-with-craig-preston/ Source]))
Rulu + (Since 2006, Rulu, a Mahayana Buddhist, has … Since 2006, Rulu, a Mahayana Buddhist, has been translating texts selected from the Chinese Buddhist canon into English. A deep believer in making Buddhist teachings available to all, Rulu focuses on creating translations that are clear to readers while staying faithful to the Chinese texts. ([https://www.authorhouse.com/en/bookstore/bookdetails/727045-The-Tathagata-Store Source Accessed Aug 20 2021])hagata-Store Source Accessed Aug 20 2021]))
Bodo Balsys + (Since the late 1960s Bodo Balsys has dedic … Since the late 1960s Bodo Balsys has dedicated his life to understanding the nature of consciousness and sharing his unique insights with others. He is a writer, a poet, an artist, a meditation teacher and healer. He has studied extensively across multiple fields of life. These include Esoteric science, meditation, healing, cosmology, Christianity, Buddhism, natural science, art, politics and history.Bodo has published multiple books. His first series, The Revelation (three volumes), was concerned with providing insights into fundamental esoteric subjects, and specifically providing an esoteric understanding of the Christian Bible. His more recent books focus on providing new insights into Buddhism and particularly their alignment with esoteric science. Bodo also holds a science degree from the University of Western Sydney. He is currently teaching at the School of Esoteric Sciences (near Sydney), which he established. ([https://www.universaldharma.com/about-us/our-teacher-bodo-balsys/ Source Accessed July 19, 2023])do-balsys/ Source Accessed July 19, 2023]))
Sir Aurel Stein + (Sir Aurel Stein, (born Nov. 26, 1862, Buda … Sir Aurel Stein, (born Nov. 26, 1862, Budapest, Hung.—died Oct. 26, 1943, Kabul, Afg.), Hungarian–British archaeologist and geographer whose travels and research in central Asia, particularly in Chinese Turkistan, revealed much about its strategic role in history. Principal of the Oriental College, Lahore, Punjab, India (now in Pakistan; 1888–99), in 1892 he published his Sanskrit edition of the only known surviving ancient Indian historical work, the 12th-century ''Rājataraṅgiṇī'' by Kalhaṇa. His English translation, ''A Chronicle of the Kings of Kaśmīr'', followed in 1900. In that year he began the first of his central Asian expeditions, traveling through westernmost China to Khotan. In the course of this and three other expeditions (1906–08, 1913–16, and 1930), he traced the ancient caravan routes between China and the West, made valuable geographical observations on little-known regions, and collected many documents and artifacts, from Neolithic stone tools to 8th-century-AD grave findings and textiles. Near Tun-huang he discovered the Cave of the Thousand Buddhas, unknown outside China, which, with its extraordinary assemblage of paintings, temple banners, and documents, had been walled up since the 11th century. Many of the treasures he found are in the Asian Antiquities Museum, New Delhi. The results of his work of this period were published in ''Ancient Khotan'', 2 vol. (1907), ''Serindia'', 5 vol. (1921), and ''Innermost Asia'', 4 vol. (1928). Superintendent of the Indian Archaeological Survey (1910–29), Stein was also interested in Greco-Buddhist remains and in tracing Alexander the Great’s eastern campaigns. In 1926, at Pīr Sarāi, near the Indus River, he identified the site of Alexander’s storming of the nearly impregnable Rock of Aornos. Other studies by Stein added to the precise knowledge of Alexander’s movements in Asia. In an effort to elucidate the relationship between Mesopotamian and Indus civilizations, Stein investigated ancient mounds in Iran and Baluchistan. He also carried out an aerial photographic reconnaissance of the Roman frontiers in Iraq. Near his 81st birthday, his long-standing wish to explore in Afghanistan was granted, but he died there before he could commence his work. A British subject from 1904, he was knighted in 1912. ([https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aurel-Stein Source Accessed June 19, 2020]))
Harold Walter Bailey + (Sir Harold Walter Bailey, FBA (16 December … Sir Harold Walter Bailey, FBA (16 December 1899–11 January 1996), who published as H. W. Bailey, was an eminent English scholar of Khotanese, Sanskrit, and the comparative study of Iranian languages.Bailey has been described as one of the greatest Orientalists of the twentieth century. He was said to read more than 50 languages.In 1929 Bailey began his doctoral dissertation, a translation with notes of the ''Greater Bundahishn'', a compendium of Zoroastrian writings in Middle Persian recorded in the Pahlavi scripts. He became the world's leading expert in the Khotanese dialect of the Saka language, the mediaeval Iranian language of the Kingdom of Khotan (modern Xinjiang). His initial motivation for the study of Khotanese was an interest in the possible connection with the ''Bundahishn''. He later passed his material on that work to Kaj Barr.He was known for his immensely erudite lectures, and once confessed: "I have talked for ten and a half hours on the problem of one word without approaching the further problem of its meaning."Bailey was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 1944, and subsequently a member of the Danish, Norwegian and Swedish Academies. He received honorary degrees from four universities including Oxford; served as president of Philological Society, the Royal Asiatic Society, the Society for Afghan Studies, and the Society of Mithraic Studies; and chaired the Anglo-Iranian Society and Ancient India and Iran Trust. He was knighted for services to Oriental studies in 1960. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Walter_Bailey Source Accessed Dec 6, 2019])See complete biography in [http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bailey-harold-walter-1 Encyclopædia Iranica]iley-harold-walter-1 Encyclopædia Iranica])
Monier-Williams, M. + (Sir Monier Monier-Williams (12 November 1 … Sir Monier Monier-Williams (12 November 1819 – 11 April 1899) was a British scholar who was the second Boden Professor of Sanskrit at Oxford University, England. He studied, documented and taught Asian languages, especially Sanskrit, Persian and Hindustani. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monier_Monier-Williams Source Accessed Aug 15, 2023])er-Williams Source Accessed Aug 15, 2023]))
Sitansusekhar Bagchi + (Sitansusekhar Bagchi was a notable scholar … Sitansusekhar Bagchi was a notable scholar in the field of Sanskrit and Indian studies. Bagchi was associated with the Mithila Institute of Post-Graduate Studies and Research in Sanskrit, where he conducted significant research in Sanskrit literature and philosophy. He is known for his work on the ''Suvarṇaprabhāsasūtra'', a Buddhist scripture, which he published in 1967 through the Mithila Institute. Bagchi's research also extended to Indian logic, as evidenced by his contributions to studies on inductive reasoning and its role in Indian logic, although the specific work attributed to him in this area is more commonly associated with other scholars.e commonly associated with other scholars.)
Sofia Stril-Rever + (Sofia Stril-Rever has coauthored four book … Sofia Stril-Rever has coauthored four books with the Dalai Lama (including his My Spiritual Autobiography, translated in some twenty languages). With lawyers of the Paris Bar, international climate experts and renowned scientists, she has initiated the Better We Better World training program (www.betterwebetterworld.org) to tackle environmental and societal challenges with the practices of compassion and universal responsibility, promoted by the Dalai Lama as keys to human survival in thetwenty-first century. (Source: [https://www.harpercollins.com/blogs/authors/sofia-stril-rever-201882194450 HarperCollins Publishers])er-201882194450 HarperCollins Publishers]))
Sokdokpa Lodrö Gyaltsen + (Sokdokpa Lodrö Gyaltsen was a 16-17th cent … Sokdokpa Lodrö Gyaltsen was a 16-17th century Nyingma master who was controversial in his opposition to the Gelug regime of the Fifth Dalai Lama. He earned the epithet the Mongol Repeller (''sog bzlog pa'') due to his efforts to turn back the advances of the Mongol army by means of wrathful rites. He was also a formidable polemicist who mounted an influential literary defense of the Nyingma doctrine against their Sarma detractors. For reasons such as those, his written works were at one point banned in Tibet.n works were at one point banned in Tibet.)
Solvej Hyveled Nielsen + (Solvej Hyveled Nielsen was born in Denmark … Solvej Hyveled Nielsen was born in Denmark in 1987. She mostly translates Tibetan-English (written and oral). Her mother tongue is Danish, and she understands a little bit of German.Solvej has a B.A. in Buddhist Studies with Himalayan languages rrom Rangjung Yeshe Institute, Kathmandu University. She also has a B.A. and M.A. in Tibetology from Copenhagen University.She studied Drikung texts and Tibetan history with Dr. Jan-Ulrich Sobisch and also worked with him on a project about Tibetan divination. Since 2015 she has spent her summers with Khenchen Nyima Gyaltsen and the Vikramashila Translation Group at the Milarepa Center, Schneverdingen. ([https://www.drikungtranslation.com/translators/#Solvej Source Accessed Sep 7, 2022])tors/#Solvej Source Accessed Sep 7, 2022]))

Somtso Bhum + (Somtso Bhum is a PhD candidate at Northwestern University.)

Bsod nams dpal dren + (Sonam Peldren (bsod nam dpal 'dren) was bo … Sonam Peldren (bsod nam dpal 'dren) was born on the seventeenth day of the tenth month of the earth male-dragon year (either 1268 or 1328). Her mother was named Nezang Chotso (gnas bzang chos mtsho); her father was named Yondak Ngoli (yon bdag sngo li) and was a descendent of the Tong (stong) clan. She was born in a place called Tashipa Janggyab (bkra shis pa byang rgyab) in Dam Sho ('dam shod), in the Nol (snol) district of U (dbus), near the Nyenchen Tanglha mountain range (gnyen chen thang lha). Her birth name was Gego (ge god); sometime after her marriage at age seventeen she was renamed Sonam Peldren. She was the youngest of four children: she had two elder brothers named Azang (a 'zang) and Kunchog Gyab (dkon mchog skyabs), and one elder sister named Chokyi (chos skyid.)Little is known of the years between Sonam Peldren's birth and her marriage at age sixteen other than that her mother passed away, her father remarried, and that she was a calm child liked by all. When Sonam Peldren was seventeen years old, her father arranged her marriage, choosing from among three available suitors: Chakdor Kyab (phyag dor skyabs), described simply as a nomad from Kham, and who is more commonly known by the name Rinchen Pel; Ga Yar ('ga' yar), also described only as a nomad from Kham; and Pelek (dpal legs), described as the chief scribe (dpon yig) from a wealthy local family in central Tibet. Sonam Peldren's father, with the strong approval of his wife and extended family, betrothed Sonam Peldren to the scribe Pelek.Sonam Peldren, however, refused to marry the groom of her family's choice, and instead insisted that she marry Rinchen Pel, claiming that her union with Rinchen Pel was karmically predestined. Sonam Peldren's father, step-mother, sister, brothers, and several other relatives questioned Sonam Peldren's refusal to marry a wealthy man from central Tibet to marry instead a landless man from the "miserable region" (sdugs sa, sic) of Kham. Sonam Peldren's fiancé himself was appalled by the adamant refusal of his betrothed to follow her father's wishes, and eventually withdrew his offer of marriage. Sonam Peldren's family reluctantly returned the gifts received from the scribe and his family; after Rinchen Pel supplied his own gifts, the two were considered married. Following her death it was Rinchen Pel who would promote her teachings and visions, in part with a written narrative of her life.The biography of Sonam Peldren records only general stories about the events in Sonam Peldren's life between her marriage at age sixteen and the final months of her life before her death at age forty-four. Sonam Peldren lived as a nomad and traveled with her husband and fellow nomads, first in the central Tibetan region of U-Tsang (dbus gtsang) until she was thirty years old, and then in the "eight valley" region (brgyad shod) of eastern Tibet until her death. Sonam Peldren and Rinchen Pel had four children: two sons named Sonam Dondrub (bsod nams don 'grub) and Tsukdor Gyab (gtsug tor skyabs) and two daughters named Gumril or Gumrim (gum ril/m) and Sonam Kyi (bsod nams skyid) The birth order of these children, and Sonam Peldren's age at their birth, is not known.These years of travel are described in the biography as punctuated by Sonam Peldren's miracles and acts of generosity. For example, her biography recounts that Sonam Peldren gave nearly all of her clothing to beggars, opting to live in a simple cotton piece of clothing without shoes; it was said that while other members of her group developed frostbite underneath their thick clothing, Sonam Peldren, barefoot and wearing only a cotton tunic, walked unimpeded through the snow, melting it with her feet. Other examples of miracles attributed to Sonam Peldren include the following: when traveling over a snowy mountain pass, she dug a tunnel through the snow covering the mountain pass and traveled straight through to the other side, shocking the other nomads who traveled around the peak by reaching their destination first; she broke up a knife fight by grabbing four men in each of her hands and holding them apart until they ceased quarreling; when a bandit stole most of the nomadic group's horses in the middle of the night, she leapt onto the nearest remaining horse, raced down the road after the fleeing animals, and, grabbing the animals' manes with her left and right hands, led them back to camp; she carried the carcass of a fallen yak up a steep mountainside and back to her nomad encampment for their consumption; when the ice over a river broke beneath the feet of a pack animal, she yanked the yak out of the freezing water by its tail, pulling it to safety; she flung a load of barley off the back of one pack animal and onto another when the animal became lodged in a narrow pass; when a pack animal stumbled and fell over a rocky cliff, she reached down and pulled it up to safety.Without exception, the biography describes these episodes ending with Sonam Peldren glibly attributing her accomplishments to luck or fortuitous circumstances; for example, she explained that a huge wave had actually lifted the yak out of the freezing river. Also without exception, the biography records that her fellow nomads somehow failed to recognize Sonam Peldren's abilities.In the final year of her life, when she and her fellow nomads were traveling in a Ya Nga near what is now the city of Chamda (bya / lcam mda') in today's Driru ('bri ru) county in the Tibet Autonomous Region, Sonam Peldren gave increasingly explicit religious interpretations of her actions to Rinchen Pel, and described her dreams, visions, and premonitions of death.In particular, Sonam Peldren described recurring dreams and waking visions in which unnamed various female figures, each with their own retinue, appeared before her. Explaining that a plague would erupt in the nomad community if Sonam Peldren did not accompany them by the fifth month of that year, the female figures demanded that Sonam Peldren leave her nomad group and travel with them. Sonam Peldren interpreted these dreams and visions to mean that she would die in the fifth month.Following these visions and for the next several months, Sonam Peldren claimed to experience visions, gave increasingly lengthy teachings to Rinchen Pel about the religious nature of her identity and daily activities, and continued to express a conviction that her death was imminent and that relics would be found in her cremation ashes. Many of her teachings, which took the form of spontaneous songs (mgur), focused on basic Buddhist doctrines of impermanence, non-attachment, and so forth. Other speeches made reference to esoteric Buddhist practices and philosophies, such as the Mahāmudrā and other doctrines typically associated with the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. These teachings were noteworthy given the absence of any religious training or practice up to that point, a topic which Sonam Peldren's husband, family, and community returned to repeatedly in their criticisms of her claims.On the predicted day of the fifth month of the water mouse year, Sonam Peldren declared that she was ready to die. According to her husband's account, she first claimed to see multi-colored maṇḍalas of dākinīs and tutelary deities in the sky, then conducted an offering ritual, and declared that she was ready "to go." Crying "Heek!" her body was said to have shot into the sky, then to have come down and bounced five times, each time higher. Finally, her corpse glowed with white light; gods and goddesses of light poured from her body, and accompanied her consciousness as it departed for a Buddha realm. The corpse descended slowly to earth and landed in a seated posture on the ground. A red drop appeared in the right nostril and a white drop in the left; when Rinchen Pel wiped the drops away with a flat rock, images of a red sow and a deity wearing a tiger skin appeared on the surface of the stone. Rainbows were seen, and that night visions of palaces and various mandalas filled the sky.The date of her death given in her biography is the twenty-third day of the fifth month of the water male-mouse year (1312 or 1372), meaning she would have been about forty-four years old.Upon cremation Sonam Peldren's skeleton was said to be found covered with images: ḍākinīs and dharma protectors; multiple images of Vajravārahī (known as Dorje Pakmo in Tibetan), Vajrāpaṇī, the Buddha Śākyamuni, Tārā, Vairocana, Cakrasaṃvara, Vajrasattva, Ratnasambhava, Amitābha, Maitreya, Vajrayoginī, Dīpaṃkara and Vajradhara. Also said to be visible were the thirty-two print and cursive letters of the Tibetan alphabet; multiple and variously-colored sows; an elephant, vajra, conch shell, fish, and bell; and the letter "Ah" as well as the syllable "Tam". On her pelvic bone were signs of the secret wisdom ḍākinī, a triangle, the syllable "Bam," a flower, two ḍākinīs, and three circles of mantras.For Rinchen Pel, Sonam Peldren's miraculous death vindicated her claims of religious authority; others in her community were not convinced. Beginning seven months after her passing, Rinchen Pel claimed to experience nine posthumous encounters with Sonam Peldren. The nature of these encounters varied. In some, Rinchen Pel asked questions, such as why Sonam Peldren's body had been ugly, inferior, and female during her lifetime; what he was supposed to do with the vast quantity of relics produced from her corpse; how Sonam Peldren had accrued religious knowledge in her lifetime despite no visible study or practice of religion; and what the meaning had been of Sonam Peldren's strange dreams, visions, songs and religious pronouncements in the last months of her life.In another posthumous vision, when Rinchen Pel retreated to a mountainside to petition Sonam Peldren for guidance about whether he should ordain as a monk, Sonam Peldren appeared and sang a verse about emptiness and the nature of mind. In two other visions, Sonam Peldren chastised Rinchen Pel for neglecting her relics, using them to get material gain for himself, and for letting others' doubts about the authenticity of the relics affect his presentation and explanation of them, an accusation which Rinchen Pel denied. In yet other visions, Sonam Peldren simply appeared in the form of Dorje Pakmo before Rinchen Pel, along with rainbows, ḍākinīs, unusual birds, Sanskrit letters on mountain peaks.Today Sonam Peldren is remembered as an exemplary female practitioner. A nunnery in Driru named Ya Nga Chamda Ganden Khacho Ling Nunnery (ya nga bya mda' btsun dgon dga' ldan mkha' phyod gling), called either Khacho Ling or Ganden Khacho Ling for short, stands on her death site; this nunnery contains a large wall mural depicting events from the lives of both Sonam Peldren and Rinchen Pel. Resident nuns perform and offering ritual to Sonam Peldren three times a month.Her legacy was strong enough that by the sixteenth or seventeenth century a text describing the history of Tibet's only female reincarnation lineage, the Samding Dorje Pakmo (bsam lding rdo rje phag mo), could name her as an early figure in the lineage, both an incarnation of Dorje Pakmo and a pre-incarnation of Chokyi Drolma, the First Samding Dorje Pakmo (bsam sdings rdo rje phag mo 01 chos kyi sgron ma, 1422-1467/1468). However, it is worthwhile to point out that at Ganden Khacho Ling she is not regarded as belonging to the Samding Dorje Pakmo incarnation line, nor is she considered to have been an incarnation of Dorje Pakmo.At least one twentieth-century woman claimed to be an incarnation of Sonam Peldren: Khandro Kunsang (mkha' 'gro kun bzang, d. 2004), a woman affiliated with the Kagyu tradition who gained great regional fame as a tantric practitioner and healer.Source [http://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/bsod-nam-dpal-dren//13196]iographies/view/bsod-nam-dpal-dren//13196])
Khenpo Sonam Phuntsho + (Sonam Phuntsho is one of Dzongsar Khyentse … Sonam Phuntsho is one of Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche's senior monks. He studied classical Buddhist philosophy at Dzongsar Institute for nine years, and he received his Khenpo degree from Rinpoche in 2013. He has also completed a traditional 3-year meditation retreat in Bhutan. He has worked on many translation projects under Dzongsar Khyentse Rinpoche, including the Vimai Ladrub sadhana with Steve Cline as well as being on the translation team for the Chime Phagme Nyingthik sadhana. He also translated the Ushnishavijaya sadhana text into English with Janine Schulz and he was involved in the translation of Khyentse Chokyi Lodro's biography by Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche; the English version is projected to come out next year. Khenpo currently resides in New Delhi. ([https://www.siddharthasintent.org/about-us-2/news/2014-2/khenpo-sonam-phuntsho-to-be-lama-in-residence-around-the-globe-2014-2015/ Source Accessed Oct 5, 2021])e-2014-2015/ Source Accessed Oct 5, 2021]))
Sonam Spitz + (Sonam Spitz was born in 1984 in Germany. F … Sonam Spitz was born in 1984 in Germany. From 2006 - 09 he studied at the Rangjung Yeshe Institute in Kathmandu/Nepal and graduated with a BA degree in Buddhist Studies with Himalayan Language. From 2009 he studied Classical Indology at the university of Hamburg/Germany and graduated there with another BA in 2012 and a MA in 2015. Since 2009 he is also working as an interpreter for Tibetan speaking Buddhist teachers and as translator of written texts of the Drikung Kagyu lineage. Sonam Spitz speaks German, English and Tibetan and works to a considerable extend with Sanskrit sources. From 2016-17 he was employed as a lecturer for Tibetan and Sanskrit at the university of Copenhagen. Since 2015 he participates in the Vikramashila Translation Commitee under the guidance of Khenchen Nyima Gyaltsen. ([https://www.drikungtranslation.com/translators/#Sonam Source Accessed June 10, 2021])ors/#Sonam Source Accessed June 10, 2021]))
Sonam Thakchöe + (Sonam received his PhD (2002) from the Uni … Sonam received his PhD (2002) from the University of Tasmania as well as the Acharya (MA equivalent) from the Central University of Tibetan Studies. This double qualification is unique in Australia. His traditional Tibetan research experience, and native fluency in the languages necessary for this research are essential to the demand of this type of project. He is also well established in Western philosophy and has the capability to bring his projects into dialogue with the West through his trans-cultural communication and interpretation skills. He is an experienced and productive scholar in Indo-Tibetan Buddhist Philosophy with a good track record of research, including the preparation of scholarly translations, philosophical study of Indo-Tibetan Buddhist philosophy, cross-cultural philosophy that brings together Indian, Tibetan and Western philosophy, and research in the Indian epistemology, ethics and logic. He has good experience in long-term scholarly projects, in team research, and on projects that involve collaboration with Western colleagues on translation and interpretation. He is also an experienced postgraduate research supervisor with a good completion record. He brings to this project research management skills, philological skills, philosophical skills and linguistic skills negotiating and crossing the boundaries between Indo-Tibetan and Western philosophical traditions. Sonam is one of very few Australasian scholars, and indeed, the only Tibetan philosopher, with experience in the study of Indo-Tibetan philosophy and in collaboration with Western colleagues.Sonam is also involved with wide range of ecumenical and socially engaging services with the aims of strengthening the Asian philosophy Programs, and fostering a wider appreciation of Asian thought within the Tasmanian community through the school visits, public talks, and leading group discussion/reading groups. Sonam is also passionate about forging a closer connection between mindfulness-meditation, phenomenology and philosophy. ([https://www.utas.edu.au/profiles/staff/humanities/sonam-thakchoe Source Accessed May 12, 2021])am-thakchoe Source Accessed May 12, 2021]))
Songtsen Gampo + (Songtsen Gampo was the first of Tibet's th … Songtsen Gampo was the first of Tibet's three great religious kings and was an emanation of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara. It was during his reign that the first Buddhist temples in Tibet, the Rasa Trulnang (future Jokhang) and the Ramoche, were built. He married the Nepalese princess Bhrikuti and the Chinese princess Wencheng. (Source: [https://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Songtsen_Gampo Rigpa Wiki])ndex.php?title=Songtsen_Gampo Rigpa Wiki]))
Sonia Sikka + (Sonia Sikka is Professor of Philosophy at … Sonia Sikka is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Ottawa. Her primary areas of research are German philosophy, multiculturalism, secularism, religion, and race. Dr. Sikka's recent publications include ''Heidegger, Morality and Politics''(in press, Cambridge University Press); "Heidegger's Argument for the Existence of God?" (''Sophia'', 2016); "On Translating Religious Reasons: Rawls, Habermas and the Quest for a Neutral Public Sphere" (''Review of Politics'', 2016); ''Living with Religious Diversity'', ed. with Bindu Puri and Lori Beaman (Routledge, 2015); and ''Multiculturalism & Religious Identity: Canada and India'', ed. with Lori Beaman (McGill-Queen's Press, 2014).(Source: [https://research.tsadra.org/index.php/Ethics_without_Self,_Dharma_without_Atman Ethics without Self, Dharma without Atman])an Ethics without Self, Dharma without Atman]))
Sophie Francis Kidd + (Sophie Francis Kidd has worked as a lecturer in the English department of the University of Vienna. She has translated the work of Erich Frauwallner in ''Studies in Abhidharma Literature and the Origins of Buddhist Philosophical Systems'' (SUNY 1995).)
Lotsawa Tingdzin Zangpo + (Source language scholar, reviser, translator.)
Span Hanna + (Span Hanna began studying Modern Standard … Span Hanna began studying Modern Standard Chinese (Putonghua, or Mandarin) in 1983 at the University of Adelaide as part of a B.A. degree. He followed this up with private study and lived and worked in China on two occasions for a total of four years. The latter experience broadened his knowledge of the language and gave him a considerable understanding of its use in Chinese society and culture. Since returning to Australia in 1993 he has maintained an interest in Chinese matters while working primarily as a schoolteacher. ([https://www.linkedin.com/in/span-hanna-99804355/?originalSubdomain=au Adapted from Source Nov 29, 2023])main=au Adapted from Source Nov 29, 2023]))
Sridhar Tripathi + (Sridhar Tripathi is a renowned academic an … Sridhar Tripathi is a renowned academic and author, particularly known for his contributions to the fields of Buddhist studies, Indian history, and social sciences.He served as the Ex Director of the Mithila Research Institute in Darbhanga, Bihar, and held various academic positions such as Lecturer, Reader, and Professor at the same institute.Dr. Tripathi has a robust educational background, having completed degrees in B.A., B.Ed., M.A., M.Ed., Ph.D., and D.Litt. from various universities in India. He is the author of several books, including the ''Encyclopaedia of Pali Literature'' and ''Encyclopaedia on Ambedkar''. The ''Encyclopaedia of Pali Literature'' provides a comprehensive overview of Pali texts, both canonical and post-canonical, and is a significant resource for the study of early Buddhism and ancient Indian history.Dr. Tripathi has also contributed extensively to Indian and foreign professional journals, showcasing his broad range of scholarly interests and expertise.ange of scholarly interests and expertise.)
Stanislaw Schayer + (Stanislaw Schayer (born May 8, 1899 in Sęd … Stanislaw Schayer (born May 8, 1899 in Sędziszów, Poland, died December 1, 1941 in Otwock, Poland) was a linguist, Indologist, philosopher, professor at the University of Warsaw. In 1922, he founded, and was the first director, of the Institute of Oriental Studies at the University of Warsaw. He was a member of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Warsaw Scientific Society. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanislaw_Schayer Source Accessed Aug 24, 2023])law_Schayer Source Accessed Aug 24, 2023]))
Stanley Frye + (Stanley Frye was a translator of Buddhist … Stanley Frye was a translator of Buddhist texts who is best known for his English translation of the ''Sūtra of the Wise and the Foolish'' (Mongolian: ''Uliger-un dalai'' or "Ocean of Narratives"), which was published in 1981 by the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives in Dharamsala.Frye translated this work from Mongolian, working with a text that had a complex transmission history—originally heard by Chinese monks in Khotan, translated into Chinese, then into Tibetan, and finally into Mongolian. ''The Sūtra of the Wise and the Foolish'' is considered one of the great treasures of Buddhist literature, containing Jatakas (rebirth stories) that trace the causes of present tragedies in human lives to events in former lifetimes.The text contains parables demonstrating the workings of cause and effect, tracing the source of present troubles to actions in former lives Vedic Books. For centuries, it has been an inexhaustible source of inspiration, instruction and pleasure for readers.Frye's translation has been widely cited in Buddhist studies bibliographies and continues to be referenced by scholars and practitioners. His work made this important Buddhist scripture accessible to English-speaking audiences, contributing to the broader availability of Tibetan and Mongolian Buddhist literature in the West.Mongolian Buddhist literature in the West.)
Stanley Tambiah + (Stanley Jeyaraja Tambiah (16 January 1929– … Stanley Jeyaraja Tambiah (16 January 1929– 19 January 2014) was a social anthropologist and Esther and Sidney Rabb Professor (Emeritus) of Anthropology at Harvard University. He specialised in studies of Thailand, Sri Lanka, and Tamils, as well as the anthropology of religion and politics. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_Jeyaraja_Tambiah Source Accessed Apr 17, 2023])aja_Tambiah Source Accessed Apr 17, 2023]))
Stanton Marlan + (Stanton Marlan, Ph.D., ABPP, FABP is an Am … Stanton Marlan, Ph.D., ABPP, FABP is an American clinical psychologist, Jungian psychoanalyst, author, and educator. Marlan has authored or edited scores of publications in Analytical Psychology (Jungian Psychology) and Archetypal Psychology. Three of his more well-known publications are ''The Black Sun''. ''The Alchemy and Art of Darkness'', ''C. G. Jung and the Alchemical Imagination'', and ''Jung's Alchemical Philosophy''. Marlan is also known for his polemics with German Jungian psychoanalyst Wolfgang Giegerich. Marlan co-founded the Pittsburgh Society of Jungian Analysts and was the first director and training coordinator of the C. G. Jung Institute Analyst Training Program of Pittsburgh. Currently, Marlan is in private practice and serves as adjunct professor of Clinical Psychology at Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanton_Marlan Source Accessed June 14, 2023])ton_Marlan Source Accessed June 14, 2023]))
Starhawk + (Starhawk is an author, activist, permacult … Starhawk is an author, activist, permaculture designer and teacher, and a prominent voice in modern earth-based spirituality and ecofeminism. She is the author or co-author of thirteen books, including ''The Spiral Dance: A Rebirth of the Ancient Religion of the Great Goddess'' and the ecotopian novel ''The Fifth Sacred Thing'', and its sequel ''City of Refuge''.Her most recent non-fiction book is ''The Empowerment Manual: A Guide for Collaborative Groups'', on group dynamics, power, conflict and communications. Starhawk founded [http://www.earthactivisttraining.org/ Earth Activist Training], teaching permaculture design grounded in spirituality and with a focus on activism. She travels internationally, lecturing and teaching on earth-based spirituality, the tools of ritual, and the skills of activism. Her works have been translated into Spanish, French, German, Danish, Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Greek, Japanese, and Burmese. Her essays are reprinted across the world, and have been included in numerous anthologies. Starhawk's writing is influential and has been quoted by hundreds of other authors, turning up in magazines, trade and academic press, and even inspirational calendars. Her books are often found in college curriculums. The Spiral Dance has been continuously in-print for over twenty-five years and revised twice; in 1999 HarperSanFrancisco published the Twentieth Anniversary Edition. Truth or Dare: Encounters with Power, Authority, and Mystery won the Media Alliance Meritorious Achievement Award for nonfiction in 1988. Starhawk's first novel, The Fifth Sacred Thing, won the Lambda award for best Gay and Lesbian Science Fiction in 1994. Many of Starhawk's best political essays--credited with helping the global justice movement find and define itself--were collected into her book Webs of Power: Notes from the Global Uprising. At the Book Expo America, Webs of Power won a 2003 Nautilus Award from the trade association NAPRA. For more, please see [http://starhawk.org/about/biography/ personal website].wk.org/about/biography/ personal website].)
Stefan Anacker + (Stefan Anacker born in the USA of Swiss pa … Stefan Anacker born in the USA of Swiss parents received his doctorate at the University of Wisconsin in Buddhist studies. He has also studied Sankrit and Old Kannada at the University of Mysore. At present he is a research scholar living in Lausanne Switzerland. ([https://www.namsebangdzo.com/Seven-Works-of-Vasubandhu-Anacker-p/11903.htm Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023])p/11903.htm Source Accessed Feb 13, 2023]))
Stefan Mang + (Stefan Mang, a student of Tibetan Buddhism … Stefan Mang, a student of Tibetan Buddhism since 2004, has been studying Buddhist philosophy and literary Tibetan since 2010 at Rigpa Shedra East in Nepal. From 2011 until 2018 he studied at the Rangjung Yeshe Institute in Kathmandu, where he completed his BA and MA degrees. He works with Lhasey Lotsawa Translations and Publications, their Nekhor project, Lotsawa House, and 84000. (Source: [https://samyeinstitute.org/instructors/stefan-mang/ Samye Institute, Accessed August 28, 2023].)mye Institute, Accessed August 28, 2023].))
Stefano Zacchetti + (Stefano Zacchetti (1968 – April 29, 2020) … Stefano Zacchetti (1968 – April 29, 2020) was an Italian academic specialising in Buddhist studies. From 2012 until his death in 2020 he was Yehan Numata Professor of Buddhist Studies at the University of Oxford and a professorial fellow of Balliol College, Oxford.Born in 1968, Zacchetti studied Chinese and Sanskrit at Ca' Foscari University of Venice from 1986 to 1994, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree; this included two years of study abroad, at Sichuan University (1990–92). He then carried out doctoral studies at Venice and spent time studying at the Sinologisch Instituut and the Kern Institute at Leiden University. Ca' Foscari University of Venice awarded him a PhD in Asian Studies in 1999.Zacchetti taught Sinology at University of Padua for the 1999–2000 academic year. In 2001, he was appointed an associate professor at the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Sōka University in Tokyo. He returned to Ca' Foscari University of Venice in 2005 to take up a tenured lectureship in the Department of Asian and North African Studies. In the autumn of 2011 he was a visiting professor at the University of California, Berkeley. In 2012, he was appointed Yehan Numata Professor of Buddhist Studies at the University of Oxford and a professorial fellow of Balliol College, Oxford.Zacchetti died on 29 April 2020 from COVID-19. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stefano_Zacchetti Source Accessed Aug 11, 2023])o_Zacchetti Source Accessed Aug 11, 2023]))
Sten Konow + (Sten Konow (17 April 1867 – 29 June 1948) … Sten Konow (17 April 1867 – 29 June 1948) was a Norwegian Indologist. He was professor of Indic philology at the Christiania University, Oslo, from 1910, moving to Hamburg University in 1914, where he was professor for Indian history and culture. He returned to Oslo as professor for Indian languages and history in 1919.He translated Rajasekhara's ''Karpuramanjari'', which was published as volume 4 of the Harvard Oriental Series in 1901. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sten_Konow Source Accessed Aug 17, 2021])/Sten_Konow Source Accessed Aug 17, 2021]))
Stephan V. Beyer + (Stephan V. Beyer, Ph.D., J.D., is a well-k … Stephan V. Beyer, Ph.D., J.D., is a well-known writer and speaker on shamanism and spirituality. He is also a community builder, peacemaker, and carrier of council. He has been trained and certified in many areas of circle processes, mediation, and nonviolence and has offered peacemaking workshops to a wide variety of audiences, from therapists to theologians, and at Montessori, charter, alternative, and public schools. He has served as a Lecturer in the Department of Criminal Justice at Chicago State University, teaching undergraduate courses and graduate seminars in restorative justice and in the theory and practice of nonviolent resistance. He lives in Chicago. ([https://www.simonandschuster.com/authors/Stephan-V-Beyer/1382842937 Source Accessed May 11, 2021])/1382842937 Source Accessed May 11, 2021]))
Stephanie W. Jamison + (Stephanie Wroth Jamison (born July 17, 194 … Stephanie Wroth Jamison (born July 17, 1948) is an American linguist, currently at University of California, Los Angeles and an Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. She did her doctoral work at Yale University as a student of Stanley Insler, and is trained as a historical linguist and Indo-Europeanist. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephanie_W._Jamison Source Acessed Mar 11, 2021])hanie_W._Jamison Source Acessed Mar 11, 2021]))
Stephen Batchelor + (Stephen Batchelor is a contemporary Buddhi … Stephen Batchelor is a contemporary Buddhist teacher and writer, best known for his secular or agnostic approach to Buddhism. Stephen considers Buddhism to be a constantly evolving culture of awakening rather than a religious system based on immutable dogmas and beliefs. In particular, he regards the doctrines of karma and rebirth to be features of ancient Indian civilisation and not intrinsic to what the Buddha taught. Buddhism has survived for the past 2,500 years because of its capacity to reinvent itself in accord with the needs of the different Asian societies with which it has creatively interacted throughout its history. As Buddhism encounters modernity, it enters a vital new phase of its development. Through his writings, translations and teaching, Stephen engages in a critical exploration of Buddhism's role in the modern world, which has earned him both condemnation as a heretic and praise as a reformer. ([https://www.stephenbatchelor.org/index.php/en/stephen Source Accessed Jan 12, 2021])/en/stephen Source Accessed Jan 12, 2021]))
Stephen F. Teiser + (Stephen F. Teiser is D. T. Suzuki Professo … Stephen F. Teiser is D. T. Suzuki Professor in Buddhist Studies and Professor of Religion in the Department of Religion at Princeton University. His work traces the interaction between cultures using textual, artistic, and material remains from the Silk Road, specializing in Buddhism and Chinese religions. His forthcoming monograph from Sanlian Publishers, based on the 2014 Guanghua Lectures in the Humanities at Fudan University, is entitled 儀禮與佛教研究 (Ritual and the Study of Buddhism). He also serves as Director of Princeton’s interdepartmental Program in East Asian Studies, and in 2014 he received the Graduate Mentoring Award in the Humanities from Princeton University’s McGraw Center for Teaching and Learning,Teiser’s previous work appeared in three monographs: ''Reinventing the Wheel: Paintings of Rebirth in Medieval Buddhist Temples'' (2006), awarded the Prix Stanislas Julien by the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres, Institut de France; ''"The Scripture on the Ten Kings" and the Making of Purgatory in Medieval Chinese Buddhism'' (1994), awarded the Joseph Levenson Book Prize (pre-twentieth century) in Chinese Studies by the AAS; and ''The Ghost Festival in Medieval China'' (1988), awarded the prize in History of Religions by the ACLS. He has also edited several books, including ''Readings of the Platform Sūtra'' (2012) and ''Readings of the Lotus Sūtra'' (2009).He is currently Co-Principal Investigator on “Dunhuang Art and Manuscripts,” a four-year project of conferences and publications on Buddhist art and manuscripts of the Silk Road, with primary funding from the Henry Luce Foundation, and he serves on the Steering Committee of “From the Ground Up: East Asian Religions through Multi-media Sources and Interdisciplinary Perspectives,” a SSHRC/Canada partnership grant based at University of British Columbia. From 2005 to 2008 he was Director of the Tibet Site Seminar, an interdisciplinary project for teaching Ph.D. students in the fields of Art History and Buddhist Studies. Prior to that he was a member of the research project on “Merit, Opulence, and the Buddhist Network of Wealth,” sponsored by Northwestern University and the Dunhuang Research Academy in 1999-2001; and a member of the research group on Buddhist texts, Centre de Recherche sur les Manuscrits, Inscriptions, et Documents Iconographiques de Chine, sponsored by CNRS, Paris, 1996-2005.Stephen F. Teiser studied for his A.B. at Oberlin College (Ohio) and received his M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Princeton University. He has held teaching appointments at Middlebury College and University of Southern California, and has been visiting professor at École pratique des Hautes Études (Paris), Heidelberger Akadamie der Wissenschaften, and Capital Normal University 首都師範大學 (Beijing). He has received fellowships and grants from American Council of Learned Societies, E. Rhodes and Leona B. Carpenter Foundation, Chiang Ching-Kuo Foundation, Robert H.N. Ho Family Foundation, Henry Luce Foundation, Andrew Mellon Foundation, National Endowment for the Humanities, Silkroad Foundation, Social Science and Humanities Research Council of Canada, and Social Science Research Council.nada, and Social Science Research Council.)
Stephen Gethin + (Stephen Gethin studied veterinary medicine … Stephen Gethin studied veterinary medicine at Cambridge University, where he was also awarded a choral exhibition. After a number of years in professional practice, he spent much of the 1980s undertaking two three-year retreats in France, where he now lives and, as a founding member of the Padmakara Translation Group, continues to translate. He was a Tsadra Foundation Translation Fellow from 2005 to 2024. His published translations include:#''[https://www.shambhala.com/nagarjuna-s-letter-to-a-friend-2951.html Nagarjuna’s Letter to a Friend]'', Shambhala 2005.#''[https://www.shambhala.com/zurchungpa-s-testament-9781559394925.html Zurchungpa’s Testament]'', by Dilgo Khyentse Rinpoche. Shambhala, 2006. #''[https://www.shambhala.com/a-garland-of-views-3420.html A Garland of Views: A Guide to View, Meditation, and Result in the Nine Vehicles]''. Jamgön Mipham’s commentary on Padmasambhava’s ''Garland of Views'', Shambhala, 2015. #Dudjom Rinpoche’s ''[https://www.shambhala.com/a-torch-lighting-the-way-to-freedom-3665.html A Torch Lighting the Way to Freedom: Complete Instructions on the Preliminary Practices].'' Shambhala, 2016.#''[https://www.shambhala.com/a-feast-of-the-nectar-of-the-supreme-vehicle.html A Feast of the Nectar of the Supreme Vehicle]'' (The ''Mahāyāna-sūtrālaṃkāra'' with commentary by Mipham), Shambhala, 2018.#''[https://www.shambhala.com/a-chariot-to-freedom-15692.html A Chariot to Freedom: Guidance From the Great Masters on the Vajrayāna Preliminary Practices]''. A detailed preliminary practice commentary by Shechen Gyaltsap. Shambhala, 2021.#''[https://www.shambhala.com/mahasiddha-practice-9781611808933.html Mahasiddha Practice: From Mitrayogin and Other Masters]''. Volume 15 of Jamgön Kongtrul’s ''Treasury of Precious Instructions''. Shambhala, 2021.#''[https://www.shambhala.com/awakening-wisdom-9781645471639.html Awakening Wisdom: Heart Advice on the Fundamental Practices of Vajrayana Buddhism]'' by Pema Wangyal. Shambhala, 2023. #''[https://www.shambhala.com/the-natural-openness-and-freedom-of-the-mind.html The Natural Openness and Freedom of the Mind]''. Khangsar Tenpai'i Wangchuk's Collected Works. Shambhala, 2024. #''The Cloudless Sky''. Khangsar Tenpai'i Wangchuk's Collected Works.#''The Aspiration to the Excellent Way''. Khangsar Tenpai'i Wangchuk's Collected Works.He also collaborated on a number of translations, including*[[A Flash of Lightning in the Dark of Night]] by the Dalai Lama. Shambhala, 1993.*[[Wisdom: Two Buddhist Commentaries]] by Khenchen Kunzang Pelden and Minyak Kunzang Sönam. Editions Padmakara, 1993.*[[The Words of My Perfect Teacher]] by Patrul Rinpoche. HarperCollins, 1994.*[[A Guide to The Words of My Perfect Teacher]] by Khenpo Ngawang Pelzang. Shambhala, 2004.He is currently working on finishing several translations in the series of Khangsar Tenpai'i Wangchuk's Collected Works, which is forthcoming from Shambhala Publications. (Source: Tsadra Foundation) Publications. (Source: Tsadra Foundation))
Stephen Harris + (Stephen Harris is a Lecturer at the Instit … Stephen Harris is a Lecturer at the Institute for Philosophy, at the University of Leiden, Netherlands. His research focuses on Indian philosophical texts, in particular Buddhist moral philosophy, and their conceptual relationship to issues investigated in contemporary philosophy. Current interests include moral demandingness in the writing of the 8th century Indian Buddhist philosopher Śāntideva, and cross-cultural study of well-being.Other interests include comparative virtue theory, the role of suffering in ethical theory and the relation between personal identity and ethics. His research is also influenced by phenomenology, as well as ancient philosophy, including Chinese and Greek thought.He teaches courses on comparative and Asian philosophy, as well as ethics and the history of philosophy, at the Institute for Philosophy in Leiden, as well as Leiden University College and the International B.A. program, both located in The Hague.Dr. Harris received his PhD from the philosophy department at the University of New Mexico in the U.S. Before coming to Leiden University, he was a pre-doctoral fellow at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago. He has articles published or forthcoming by the journals Contemporary Pragmatism, The Journal of Buddhist Ethics, Philosophy East and West, Asian Philosophy and Sophia. ([https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/en/staffmembers/stephen-harris/publications#tab-3 Adapted from Source Jan 13, 2021])s#tab-3 Adapted from Source Jan 13, 2021]))