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Rnying+ma+scholar+and+practitioner.+According+to+Erik+Padma+Kunsang%2C+%27bru+%27jam+dbyangs+chos+kyi+grags+pa+was+a+close+disciple+of+%27jam+dbyangs+mkhyen+brtse%27i+dbang+po+and+a+holder+of+the+teaching+lineage+of+the+lam+rim+ye+shes+snying+po%3B%0Asee+http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rangjung.com%2Fgl%2FLamrim_Yeshe_Nyingpo_intro.htm.+He+should+not+be+confused+with+padma+%27phrin+las+snying+po+whose+one+volume+gsung+%27bum+has+recently+been+found+in+tibet.+%28Source%3A%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbrc.org%2F%23%21rid%3DP9709+TBRC%5D%29 +
Gyurme+Tsewang+Tenpel+was+one+of+the+four+sons+of+Chogyur+Lingpa%27s+daughter+K%C3%B6nchok+Paldr%C3%B6n.+He+was+recognized+as+the+rebirth+of+his+mother%27s+brother%2C+Tsewang+Drakpa%2C+the+oldest+son+of+Chogyur+Lingpa%2C+and+so+he+became+known+as+Tersey+Tulku%2C++%22the+Emanation+of+the+Treasure-revealer%27s+Son.%22+He+was+instrumental+in+the+transmission+of+grandfather%27s+Treasures+to+many+of+last+generation+of+lineage+holders%2C+such+as+the+late+Tulku+Urgyen+Rinpoche%2C+who+was+his+nephew%2C+and+Dilgo+Khyentse+Rinpoche. +
Jamyang+Loter+Wangpo+was+an+important+Rime+Sakya+master+of+Ngor+Thartse+Monastery+who+played+a+key+role+in+the+Rim%C3%A9+movement.+He+was+a+disciple+of+Jamyang+Khyentse+Wangpo+and+a+teacher+of+Jamyang+Khyentse+Ch%C3%B6kyi+Lodr%C3%B6.+He+is+well+known+for+compiling+the+Compendium+of+Tantras+under+the+inspiration+of+his+guru%2C+Jamyang+Khyentse+Wangpo+as+well+as+publishing+the+very+first+printed+edition+of+the+Explanation+for+Private+Disciples+of+the+Lamdre+system+of+the+Sakya+School%2C+which+before+that+had+been+transmitted+only+orally+and+was+tenuously+preserved+in+manuscript+form.+Jamyang+Loter+Wangpo+also+received+Dzogchen+instructions+from+Nyoshul+Lungtok.+The+collection+of+139+painted+mandala+thangkas+for+the+Compendium+of+Tantras+was+saved+in+1958+by+Sonam+Gyatso+Thartse+Khen+Rinpoche%2C+and+later+published+in+more+than+one+edition.+%28Source%3A+%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.rigpawiki.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DJamyang_Loter_Wangpo+Rigpa+Wiki%5D%29 +
1708.+founds+bkra+shis+%27khyil%0Argyal+rabs+lo+tshigs+shes+bya+mang+%27dus+mkhas+pa%27i+spyi+nor+%28p.+357%29%0A1668.+To+Dbus+and+enters+%27Bras-spungs+Sgo-mang.%0A1674.+Final+ordination+from+5th+DL.%0A1676.+Enters+Rgyud+Smad.%0A1680.+Meditates+at+Ri-bo+Dge-%27phel.%0A1690.+Becomes+bla-ma+%5Babbot%5D+of+%27Bras-spungs+Sgo-mang.%0AAttempts+to+make+peace+between+the+Sde-srid+and+Lha-bzang+Khan.%0A1709.+Founds+the+Bkra-shis-%27khyil+Monastery+with+the+patronage+of+Ju-nang+Dpon.%0A1720.+Granted+title+PaNDi-ta-e-rti-no-min-han+by+the+Gong-ma+Khang-shis+Rgyal-po.%0AYear+of+death+1721+or+1722+%28according+to+Ming+mdzod%29%3B+dates+according+to+Tshad+ma%27i+%27byung+khungs%3A+1648-1722.%0AGsung-%27bum+in+15+volumes. +
Dzongsar+Khyentse+Chokyi+Lodro+was+one+of+the+most+influential+religious+teachers+in+Kham+in+the+first+half+of+the+twentieth+century.+One+of+multiple+reincarnations+of+Jamyang+Khyentse+Wangpo%2C+he+served+as+head+of+Dzongsar+Monastery%2C+which+he+enlarged%2C+founding+the+monastic+college%2C+Khamshe%2C+in+1918.+Chokyi+Lodro+fled+Kham+in+1955+during+the+Communist+takeover+of+Tibet%2C+settling+in+Sikkim%2C+where+he+passed+away+in+1959.+%28%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.treasuryoflives.org%2Fbiographies%2Fview%2FJamyang-Khyentse-Chokyi-Lodro%2F9990+Source%3A+Treasury+of+Lives%5D%29.+Also+see+his+collected+works+at+%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fkhyentselineage.tsadra.org%2Findex.php%2F%2527jam_dbyangs_mkhyen_brtse_chos_kyi_blo_gros+Tsadra+Foundation%27s+Khyentse+Lineage+webiste%5D+and+the+translations+of+his+texts+at+%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.lotsawahouse.org%2Ftibetan-masters%2Fjamyang-khyentse-chokyi-lodro%2F+Lotsawa+House%5D. +
A+student+of+Khenchen+Pema+Tsewang+Gyatso.+A+teacher+of+The+Fifth+Druktr%C3%BCl%2C+Pema+Tutop+Dorje%3B+The+Fourth+Tert%C3%B6n+Wangchen+Gyepai+Dorje%3B+Jikme+Yeshe+Nyingpo%2C+and+so+forth. +
A
A+student+of+Ju+Mipam+Jamyang+Namgyal+Gyatso. +
Adzom+Gyalse+Gyurme+Dorje+%28Tib.+%E0%BD%A8%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%9B%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%A1%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%97%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%2C+Wyl.+a+%27dzom+rgyal+sras+%27gyur+med+rdo+rje%29+aka+Agyur+Rinpoche+%28Wyl.+a+%27gyur+rin+po+che%29+%281895-1969%29+%E2%80%94+the+third+son+and+student+of+Adzom+Drukpa.+He+was+recognized+by+Jamg%C3%B6n+Kongtrul+as+an+emanation+of+Orgyen+Terdak+Lingpa.%0A%0AAdzom+Gyalse+Gyurme+Dorje+was+the+third+son+and+student+of+Adzom+Drukpa+Drodul+Pawo+Dorje.+His+mother+was+Tashi+Lhamo+%28Tib.+bkra+shis+lha+mo%29%2C+the+daughter+of+a+popular+merchant+named+Budo+%28Tib.+bum+dos%29%2C+who+became+Adzom+Drukpa%E2%80%99s+spiritual+wife+at+the+recommendation+of+Jamg%C3%B6n+Kongtrul.+While+regarded+as+the+incarnation+of+several+eminent+master%2C+Adzom+Gyalse+was+recognised+as+the+incarnation+of+Minling+Terchen+Gyurme+Dorje.+Adzom+Drukpa+oversaw+the+spiritual+education+of+Adzom+Gyalse+and+transmitted+to+him+especially+his+own+terma+treasures+and+the+teachings+of+the+Great+Perfection+such+as+the+Longchen+Nyingtik+and+the+Chets%C3%BCn+Nyingtik.+These+in+turn+became+also+the+main+focus+of+Adzom+Gyalse%E2%80%99s+study+and+practice.+Thus+Adzom+Gyalse+rose+to+become+of+the+main+holders+of+the+lineage+and+transmission+of+the+Great+Perfection+teachings.%0A%0AAdzom+Gyalse+took+over+the+legacy+of+his+father+and+became+responsible+for%2C+the+by+his+father+in+1886+established%2C+Adzom+Gar+%28Tib.+A+%E2%80%99dzom+gar%29.%5B2%5D+Unlike+his+father%2C+Adzom+Gyalse+took+monastic+ordination+and+remained+a+monk+throughout+his+entire+life.+He+further+developed+and+expanded+Adzom+Gar+and+became+its+main+teacher+and+holder.+While+Adzom+Gyalse+had+the+potential+to+become+a+great+tert%C3%B6n+he+decided+to+focused+instead+on+the+preservation+and+continuation+of+existing+practices+and+teachings.%0A%0AIn+1958%2C+Adzom+Gyalse+was+arrested+and+put+in+prison+where+he+gave+teachings+to+his+fellow+inmates.+He+passed+away+in+1969+with+many+miraculous+signs%2C+and+left+a+letter+predicting+the+date+and+place+of+his+future+rebirth+and+the+names+of+his+future+parents.+In+accordance+with+this+letter%2C+Dilgo+Khyentse+Rinpoche+recognised+a+child+born+in+Bhutan+in+1980+as+the+reincarnation+of+Adzom+Gyalse+Gyurme+Dorje.+This+child+became+a+monk+at+Shechen+Monastery+and+received+numerous+teachings+and+initiations+from+Khyentse+Rinpoche.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.rigpawiki.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DAdzom_Gyalse_Gyurme_Dorje+Source+Accessed+Sep+30%2C+2022%5D%29
%27%27%27Apang+Terchen+Orgyen+Trinl%C3%A9+Lingpa+%281895-1945%29%27%27%27%0A%0AChoktrul+Lozang+Tendzin+of+Trehor+studied+with+the+lord+Kunga+Palden+and+the+Ch%C3%B6%0Amaster+Dharma+Seng-g%C3%A9%2C+and+Apang+Terchen+in+turn+studied+with+Lozang+Tendzin.%0AApang+Terchen%2C+also+known+as+Orgyen+Trinl%C3%A9+Lingpa%2C+was+renowned+as+the+rebirth+of%0ARigdzin+G%C3%B6dem.+He+was+reputed+to+have+been+conceived+in+the+following+way%3A+Traktung%0ADudjom+Lingpa+focused+his+enlightened+intent+while+resting+in+the+basic+space%0Aof+timeless+awareness%2C+whereupon+Apang+Terchen%27s+mother+experienced+an+intense%0Asurge+of+delight.+This+caused+all+ordinary+concepts+based+on+confusion+to+be+arrested%0Ain+her+mind+for+a+short+time%2C+and+it+was+then+that+Apang+Terchen+was+conceived+in+her%0Awomb.2+From+that+moment+on%2C+his+mother+constantly+had+dreams+that+were+amazing%0Aomens.+For+example%2C+she+found+herself+among+groups+of+dakinis+enjoying+the+splendor%0Aof+ganachakras%2C+or+being+bathed+by+many+dakas+and+dakinis%2C+or+dwelling+in+pavilions%0Aof+light%2C+illuminating+the+entire+world+with+her+radiance.%0A%0AThe+child+was+born+one+morning+at+dawn%2C+in+the+area+of+Serta+in+eastern+Tibet%2C+his%0Amother+having+experienced+no+discomfort.+Her+dwelling+was+filled+with+%5B2.188a%5D+and%0Asurrounded+by+light%2C+as+though+the+sun+were+shining+brightly.+There+were+also+pavilions%0Aof+light%2C+and+a+fragrance+pervaded+the+entire+area%2C+although+no+one+could+tell%0Awhere+it+came+from.+Everyone+saw+numerous+amazing+signs+on+the+child%27s+body%2C+such%0Aas+a+tuft+of+vulture+feathers+adorning+the+crown+of+his+head.3+The+mother%27s+brother%2C%0AS%C3%B6nam+Dorj%C3%A9%2C+asked%2C+%22What+will+become+of+this+boy+who+has+no+father%3F+How+shameful%0Ait+would+be+if+people+saw+these+feathers%21%224+But+although+he+cut+the+feather+tuft%0Aoff+the+child%27s+head+several+times%2C+it+grew+back+on+its+own%2C+just+as+before.+This+upset%0AS%C3%B6nam+Dorj%C3%A9+even+more%2C+and+he+berated+his+sister+angrily%2C+saying+on+numerous+occasions%2C%0A%22How+could+your+child+have+no+father%3F+You+must+tell+me+who+he+is%21%22+His%0Asister+retorted%2C+%22With+the+truth+of+karma+as+my+witness%2C+I+swear+I+have+never+lain+with%0Aa+flesh-and-blood+man+of+this+world.+This+pregnancy+might+be+a+result+of+my+own%0Akarma.%22+She+became+so+extremely+depressed+that+her+fellow+villagers+couldn%27t+bear+it%0Aand+used+various+means+to+bring+a+halt+to+her+brother%27s+inappropriate+behavior.%0A%0AFrom+an+early+age%2C+this+great+master%2C+Apang+Terchen%2C+felt+an+innate+and+unshakable%0Afaith+in+Guru+Rinpoch%C3%A9+and+had+a+clear+and+natural+knowledge+%5B2.188b%5D+of+the+%27%27vajra+guru%27%27+%0Amantra+and+the+Seven-Line+Supplication.+He+learned+how+to+read+and+write%0Asimply+upon+being+shown+the+letters+and+exhibited+incredible+signs+of+his+spiritual+potential%0Aawakening.+For+example%2C+his+intelligence%2C+which+had+been+developed+through%0Atraining+in+former+lifetimes%2C+was+such+that+no+one+could+compete+with+him.+As+he%0Agrew+up%2C+he+turned+his+attention+toward+seeking+the+quintessential+meaning+of+life.%0AHe+studied+at+the+feet+of+many+teachers+and+mentors%2C+including+the+Nyingtik+master%0AGyatsok+Lama+Damlo+and+Terchen+Sogyal%2C+studying+many+of+the+mainstream+traditions%0Aof+the+sutras+and+tantras%2C+especially+those+of+the+kama+and+terma.%0A%0AThe+most+extraordinary+lord+of+his+spiritual+family+was+Trehor+Drakar+Tulku%2C5%0Awith+whom+he+studied+for+a+long+time%2C+receiving+the+complete+range+of+empowerments%2C%0Aoral+transmissions%2C+and+pith+instructions+of+the+secret+Nyingtik+cycles+of+utter+lucidity.%0AHe+went+to+solitary+ravines+throughout+the+region%2C+making+caves+and+overhangs%0Aon+cliffs+his+dwelling+places%2C+taking+birds+and+wild+animals+as+his+companions%2C+and%0Arelying+on+the+most+ragged+clothing+and+meager+diet.+He+planted+the+victory+banner%0Aof+spiritual+practice%2C+meditating+for+a+long+period+of+time.+He+was+graced+by+visions+of%0Aan+enormous+array+of+his+personal+meditation+deities%2C+%5B2.189a%5D+including+Tara%2C+Avalokiteshvara%2C%0AMa%C3%B1jushri%2C+Sarasvati%2C+and+Amitayus.+He+was+not+content+to+leave+the%0Atrue+nature+of+phenomena+an+object+of+intellectual+speculation%2C+and+his+realization%0Aprogressed+in+leaps+and+bounds.%0A%0AApang+Terchen+bound+the+eight+classes+of+gods+and+demons+%E2%80%94+including+such+spirits%0Aas+Nyenchen+Tanglha%2C+Ma+Pomra%2C+and+Sergyi+Drong-ri+Mukpo6+%E2%80%94+to+his+service.%0AHe+communicated+directly+with+Tsiu+Marpo%2C+the+white+form+of+Mahakala%2C+Ganapati%2C%0Aand+other+protective+deities%2C+like+one+person+conversing+with+another%2C+and+enjoined%0Athem+to+carry+out+his+enlightened+activities.+So+great+was+his+might+that+he+also+bound%0Athese+protective+deities+to+his+service%2C+causing+lightning+to+strike+and+so+forth%2C+so+that%0Athose+who+had+become+his+enemies+were+checked+by+very+direct+means%2C+before+years%2C%0Amonths%2C+or+even+days+had+passed.%0A%0ANotably%2C+he+beheld+the+great+master+of+Orgyen+in+a+vision+and+was+blessed+as+the%0Aregent+of+Guru+Padmakara%27s+three+secret+aspects.+On+the+basis+of+a+prophecy+he+received%0Aat+that+time%2C+Apang+Terchen+journeyed+to+amazing+holy+sites%2C+such+as+Draklha%0AG%C3%B6npo+in+Gyalrong%2C+Khandro+Bumdzong+in+the+lowlands+of+eastern+Tibet%2C+and+Dorj%C3%A9%0ATreldzong+in+Drakar%2C+where+he+revealed+countless+terma+caches+consisting+of+teachings%2C%0Aobjects+of+wealth%2C+and+sacred+substances.+He+revealed+some+of+them+in+secret%2C%0Aothers+in+the+presence+of+large+crowds.+In+these+ways%2C+he+revealed+a+huge+trove+of+profound%0Atermas.+%5B2.189b%5D+Those+revealed+publicly+were+brought+forth+in+the+presence+of%0Amany+fortunate+people+and+in+conjunction+with+truly+incredible+omens%2C+which+freed%0Aall+present+from+the+bonds+of+doubt+and+inspired+unshakable+faith+in+them.+Apang%0ATerchen%27s+fame+as+an+undisputed+siddha+and+tert%C3%B6n+resounded+throughout+the+land%2C+as%0Athough+powerful+enough+to+cause+the+earth+to+quake.+His+terma+teachings+are+found%0Ain+the+numerous+volumes+of+his+collected+works+and+include+%27%27The+Hidden+Treasure+of+Enlightened+Mind%3A+The+Thirteen+Red+Deities%27%27%2C+%0Apractices+focusing+on+the+Three+Roots%2C+cycles+concerning+guardian+deities+and+the+%0Aprinciple+of+enlightened+activity%2C+and+his+large+instruction+manual+on+Dzogchen+teachings.%0A%0AApang+Terchen%27s+students%2C+from+Dartsedo+in+the+east%2C+to+Repkong+in+Amdo+to+the%0Anorth%2C+to+the+three+regions+of+Golok+and+other+areas%2C+included+mentors+who+nurtured%0Athe+teachings+and+beings%2C+masters+such+as+those+known+as+the+%22four+great+illuminators%0Aof+the+teachings%2C%22+the+%22four+vajra+ridgepoles%2C11+the+%22four+named+Gyatso%2C%22+the+%22great%0Amasters%2C+the+paired+sun+and+moon%2C%22+and+Jangchub+Dorj%C3%A9+%28the+custodian+of+Apang%0ATerchen%27s+termas%29.7+He+also+taught+important+political+figures+who+exerted+great%0Ainfluence+over+the+people+of+their+areas%2C+including+the+%22four+great+chieftains+of+the%0Aregion+of+Dza+in+the+north%2C%22+%5B2.190a%5D+that+is%2C+Gets%C3%A9+Tsering+Dorj%C3%A9+of+Dza+in+the+northern%0Areaches+of+eastern+Tibet%2C+G%C3%B6nlha+of+Akyong+in+Golok%2C+Mewa+Namlo+of+the+M%C3%A9%0Aregion+of+Golok%2C+and+the+chieftain+of+Serta+in+Washul.+Apang+Terchen%27s+students+also%0Aincluded+countless+monks%2C+nuns%2C+villagers%2C+and+lay+tantric+practitioners.+He+transmitted%0Ahis+own+termas+and+the+great+Nyingtik+cycles+of+the+Dzogchen+teachings%2C+and+so%0Anumerous+were+those+he+guided+that+he+truly+embodied+the+enlightened+activity+of%0Aone+who+held+sway+over+the+three+realms.+In+these+times+of+spiritual+degeneration%2C+he%0Aalleviated+problems+caused+by+disease%2C+famine%2C+border+wars%2C+and+civil+unrest.+In+such%0Aways%2C+Apang+Terchen+rendered+great+service+to+the+land+of+Tibet.+His+kindness+to+the%0ATibetan+people+as+a+whole+was+truly+extraordinary%2C+for+he+worked+to+ensure+a+glorious%0Astate+of+peace+and+well-being.%0A%0ADuring+a+pilgrimage+to+Jowo+Yizhin+Norbu%2C+the+statue+of+the+lord+Shakyamuni+in%0ALhasa%2C+Apang+Terchen+paid+respect+to+many+tens+of+thousands+of+ordained+members%0Aof+the+sangha%2C+sponsoring+ganachakras%2C+making+offerings%2C+and+offering+meals%2C+tea%2C%0Aand+donations+at+such+monastic+centers+as+Sera%2C+Drepung%2C+and+Ganden.+He+sponsored%0Athe+gilding+of+statues+in+these+centers+and+in+such+ways+strove+to+reinforce+his+positive%0Aqualities.+Everyone+could+see+that+no+matter+how+many+avenues+he+found+to+extend%0Agenerosity%2C+his+resources+of+gold%2C+silver%2C+and+other+valuables+%5B2.190b%5D+continued+to%0Aincrease%2C+as+though+he+had+access+to+a+treasure+mine.%0A%0AAmong+his+heart+children+and+intimate+students+were+his+sons%2C+Gyurm%C3%A9+Dorj%C3%A9%2C%0AWangchen+Nyima%2C+and+Dotrul+Rinpoch%C3%A9%3B+his+daughter%2C+Tare+Lhamo%3B+and+the+custodian%0Aof+his+termas%2C+Jangchub+Dorj%C3%A9.+Until+recently%2C+Tare+Lhamo+lived+in+eastern+Tibet%2C%0Amaintaining+the+teachings.8%0A%0AThus+did+Apang+Terchen+benefit+beings+with+his+incredible+compassion+and+activities.%0AAs+his+life+was+nearing+an+end%2C+he+remarked%2C+%22For+the+sake+of+the+teachings+and%0Aof+beings%2C+I+must+enter+the+bloodline+of+the+glorious+Sakya+school.%22+This+fearless+lion%27s%0Aroar+proved+to+be+his+last+testament%2C+spoken+with+an+unobscured+awareness+of+past%2C%0Apresent%2C+and+future.+He+then+manifested+incredible+miracles+and+departed+for+the%0Agreat+palace+of+Pema+%C3%96.%0A%0A%0ASource%3A+Richard+Barron+translation+of+Nyoshul+Khenpo%2C+A+Marvelous+Garland+of+Rare+Gems%3A+Biographies+of+Masters+of+Awareness+in+the+Dzogchen+Lineage%2C+Padma+Publications%2C+2005%2C+pages+488-491.
Gerardo+Abboud+was+born+in+Buenos+Aires%2C+Argentina%2C+and+starting+in+the+early+1970s%2C+lived+in+India+and+Nepal+for+fourteen+years.+Since+1986%2C+Abboud+has+been+president+of+the+Dongyuling+Center%2C+Argentina%2C+which+offers+free+teachings+on+Buddhist+theory+and+practice.+He+is+the+English+interpreter+for+several+Kagyu+lamas+and+since+1992+has+served+as+the+Dalai+Lama%E2%80%99s+interpreter+in+Latin+America. +
Masao+Abe+is+a+leading+Buddhist+thinker+who+has+spent+many+years+furthering+the+work+begun+by+D.+T.+Suzuki.+He+received+his+Ph.D.+from+Kyoto+University+after+postgraduate+studies+at+Columbia+University+and+Union+Theological+Seminary.+Abe+has+been+a+visiting+professor+at+several+major+universities+in+the+United+States+and+has+traveled+widely+in+Europe+and+Asia+as+well.+Author+of+%27%27Zen+and+Western+Thought%27%27%2C+he+has+also+contributed+to+the+Macmillan+Library+of+Philosophy+and+Religion+series.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.shambhala.com%2Fauthors%2Fa-f%2Fmasao-abe.html+Source+Accessed+Nov+22%2C+2019%5D%29 +
Famed+author+of+the+Biographies+of+Eighty-Four+Mahasiddhas. +
John+Abramson+is+retired+and+lives+in+the+Lake+District+in+Cumbria%2C+England.+He+obtained+an+MSc+in+Transpersonal+Psychology+and+Consciousness+Studies+in+2011+when+Les+Lancaster+and+Mike+Daniels+ran+this+course+at+Liverpool+John+Moores+University.+He+is+currently+studying+for+a+distance+learning+Buddhist+Studies+MA+at+the+University+of+South+Wales.+%28%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.integralworld.net%2Fabramson2.html+Source+Accessed+Apr+9%2C+2021%5D%29 +
After+completing+an+undergraduate+degree+in+Economics+at+Keio+University%2C+Ry%C5%ABichi+Ab%C3%A9+acquired+a+master%E2%80%99s+degree+from+the+School+of+Advanced+International+Affairs%2C+the+Johns+Hopkins+University.+He+then+turned+to+Religious+Studies+and+was+awarded+an+M.+Phil.+and+Ph.D.+from+Columbia+University.+Professor+Ab%C3%A9%E2%80%99s+research+interests+center+around+Buddhism+and+visual+culture%2C+Buddhism+and+literature%2C+Buddhist+theory+of+language%2C+history+of+Japanese+esoteric+Buddhism%2C+Shinto-Buddhist+interaction%2C+and+Buddhism+and+gender.+He+has+been+teaching+wide-ranging+graduate+and+undergraduate+courses+on+East+Asian+religions+and+premodern+and+early+modern+Japanese+religions.%0A%0AHis+publications+include+%27%27Great+Fool%E2%80%93Zen+Master+Ry%C5%8Dkan%27%27+%28University+of+Hawaii+Press%29%2C+the+%27%27Weaving+of+Mantra%E2%80%93K%C5%ABkai+and+the+Construction+of+Esoteric+Buddhist+Discourse%27%27+%28Columbia+University+Press%29%2C+%22Word%22+%28in+Lopez+ed.%2C+%27%27Critical+Terms+in+Buddhist+Studies%27%27%2C+University+of+Chicago+Press%29%2C+%22Genj%C5%8D+sanz%C5%8D+no+t%C5%8Dei%3A+%27%27Shingon+hasso+gy%C5%8Dj%C5%8Dzu%27%27+no+saikaishaku%22+%28Tripitaka+Master+Xuanzang+and+His+Reflections%3A+reinterpreting+the+narrative+painting+series+%27%27Deeds+of+the+Shingon+Patriarchs%27%27%29%2C+Sano+Midori%2C+et+al.+eds.%2C+%27%27Ch%C5%ABsei+kaiga+no+matorikkusu+II%27%27+%28%27%27Matrix+of+Medieval+Paintings+II%27%27%2C+Seikansha+Press%29%2C+%22Heian+shoki+tenn%C5%8D+no+seiken+k%C5%8Dtai+to+kanj%C5%8D+girei%22+%28Early+Heian+Imperial+Succession+and+Abhiseka+Ritual%29%2C+Nemoto+Seiji%2C+et+al.+eds.%2C+%27%27Nara+Bukky%C5%8D+no+dent%C5%8D+to+kakushin%27%27+%28%27%27Tradition+and+Innovation+in+the+Buddhism+of+Nara%27%27%2C+Bensei+Shuppan+Press%29%2C+%22Revisiting+the+Dragon+Princess%3A+her+role+in+medieval+origin+stories+and+its+implications+in+reading+the+%27%27Lotus+Sutra%27%27%22+%28%27%27Japanese+Journal+of+Religious+Studies%27%27%29%2C+and+%22Women+and+the+Heike+n%C5%8Dky%C5%8D%3A+The+Dragon+Princess%2C+the+Jewel+and+the+Buddha%22+%28%27%27Impressions%2C+The+Journal+of+the+Japanese+Art+Society+of+America%27%27%29.%3Cbr%3E%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Frijs.fas.harvard.edu%2Fryuichi-abe+Source+Accessed+Sept+4%2C+2020%5D%29
I+have+followed+a+training+in+Tibetan+Studies+first+at+the+INALCO+and+then+at+the+EPHE+%28Sorbonne%29+where+I+attended+the+seminaries+by+Anne-Marie+Blondeau%2C+a+specialist+in+Bon+and+rNying+ma+gter+ma+literature.+Since+1999+I+have+become+a+researcher+at+the+Centre+National+de+la+Recherche+Scientifique+%28CNRS%29+in+Paris+and+am+a+member+of+Centre+de+Recherches+sur+les+Civilisations+de+l%27Asie+Orientale+%28CRCAO%29.+Among+other+academic+duties%2C+I+am+a+member+of+the+scientific+committee+of+the+Institut+d%27Etudes+Tib%C3%A9taines+%28IET%29+of+the+Coll%C3%A8ge+de+France+%28Paris%29%2C+as+well+as+the+founder+and+director+of+the+Revue+d%27Etudes+Tib%C3%A9taines+%28RET%29+which+is+available+for+free+on+the+Digital+Himalaya+website+from+the+Cambridge+University%3A+http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalhimalaya.com%2Fcollections%2Fjournals%2Fret%2F%0A%0ASee+also%3A+https%3A%2F%2Fkhyungmkhar.blogspot.com%2F2018%2F02%2Fchoying-no-20.html%0A%0A%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FJean-Luc-Achard%2Fe%2FB0034Q97FG+Source%5D+Accessed+Feb+26%2C+2018%29 +
Namdrol+Miranda+Adams+holds+an+MA+in+Education+with+a+focus+on+Educational+Leadership+and+Policy+from+Portland+State+University%2C+and+a+BA+in+English+Literature+from+New+York+University.+Since+1998+she+has+dedicated+her+life+to+the+study+and+practice+of+the+Tibetan+language+and+the+Tibetan+Buddhist+tradition%2C+seven+of+those+as+a+Buddhist+nun.+She+studied+the+traditional+texts+and+their+commentaries+at+Deer+Park+Monastery+in+Wisconsin+from+1998%E2%80%932003+and+her+editing+and+translation+work+includes+%27%27Practicing+the+Path%27%27%2C+the+%27%27Rubin+Foundation%27s+Treasury+of+Lives%27%27%2C+%27%27Karmapa+900%27%27%2C+and+the+%27%27Lama+Yeshe+Wisdom+Archive%27s+Kopan+Lam+Rim+Courses%27%27.+She+has+been+the+assistant+of+Yangsi+Rinpoche+since+1999+and+is+one+of+the+founders+of+Maitripa+College%2C+where+she+is+Dean+of+Education.+%28Source%3A+%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwisdomexperience.org%2Fproduct%2Fpracticing-path%2F+Wisdom+Publications%5D%29 +
The+Eighth+Adeu+Rinpoche+was+born+on+the+fourth+day+of+the+12th+Tibetan+month+in+the+Iron+Horse+year+of+the+fifteenth+calendrical+cycle%2C+in+the+middle+of+a+freezing+winter.+As+the+16th+Karmapa+and+the+Eighth+Choegon+Rinpoche+recognized+the+child+as+the+authentic+reincarnation+of+the+Seventh+Adeu+Rinpoche%2C+he+was+taken+to+Tsechu+Gompa+for+enthronement+at+the+age+of+seven.+Immediately+after+this%2C+he+began+his+traditional+education+in+writing%2C+calligraphy%2C+poetry%2C+astrology%2C+mandala+painting%2C+spiritual+practice+and+text+recitation.+At+the+same+time%2C+the+young+Adeu+Rinpoche+also+received+many+teachings+and+pith-instructions+based+on+the+old+and+new+traditions%2C+but+primarily+on+the+Drukpa+lineage+from+the+Eighth+Choegon+Rinpoche%2C+Jamyang+Khyentse+Ch%C3%B6kyi+Lodr%C3%B6+and+many+other+great+masters.+After+this%2C+Rinpoche+entered+into+a+seven-year+retreat%2C+during+which+he+practised+the+sadhanas+of+different+deities+and+trained+in+tsa-lung%2C+following+the+Six+Yogas+of+Naropa+and+the+liberating+Mahamudra+mind-training+practices.+He+also+learnt+philosophy.+Adeu+Rinpoche+later+wrote+a+precise+commentary+on+the+three+sets+of+vows%2C+the+root+of+heart-essence+of+Nyingmapa+lineage%2C+and+on+the+various+mandala+deities.%0A%0AIn+1958%2C+all+the+sacred+texts%2C+statues+and+precious+objects+were+completely+destroyed%2C+and+Rinpoche+was+imprisoned+for+fifteen+years.+Although+Adeu+Rinpoche+suffered+a+great+deal%2C+the+period+in+prison+gave+him+an+opportunity+to+meet+many+accomplished+masters%2C+who+had+also+been+imprisoned%2C+especially+Khenpo+Munsel+from+whom+he+received+instructions+on+Dzogchen%2C+and+under+whose+guidance%2C+he+practised+the+rare+and+precious+teachings+of+the+aural+lineage+%28Nyengy%C3%BC%29+of+the+Nyingma+school%2C+and+studied+the+various+Nyingmapa+terma+teachings.%0A%0AAdeu+Rinpoche+was+an+extremely+important+master+of+the+Drukpa+Kagy%C3%BC+lineage%2C+especially+following+the+Cultural+Revolution%2C+during+which+many+great+Drukpa+lineage+masters+passed+away.+When+teachings+of+the+Drukpa+lineage+were+faced+with+extinction%2C+Adeu+Rinpoche+was+the+only+remaining+lineage+holder+of+the+Khampa+tradition+of+the+Drukpa+lineage.%0A%0AAt+the+end+of+1980%2C+Adeu+Rinpoche+went+to+Tashi+Jong+in+India+to+pass+on+the+entire+lineage+of+the+Khampa+Drukpa+tradition+to+the+present+Khamtrul+Rinpoche+Dongy%C3%BC+Nyima%2C+Choegon+Rinpoche+Choekyi+Wangchuk+and+many+other+great+tulkus+of+the+Drukpa+lineage.%0A%0AIn+1990%2C+Adeu+Rinpoche+also+gave+the+complete+empowerments+of+the+Drukpa+lineage+to+the+local+tulkus+in+Nangchen.+About+51+tulkus+and+1600+monks+and+nuns+were+present+to+receive+the+empowerments+and+oral+transmissions.+In+this+way%2C+Adeu+Rinpoche+became+the+main+lineage+master+of+the+Khampa+Drukpa+tradition+for+all+the+Drukpa+tulkus.+Thereafter%2C+Adeu+Rinpoche+went+to+Bhutan+and+exchanged+initiations+with+Je+Khenpo%2C+Jigme+Chodrak+Rinpoche%2C+Dilgo+Khyentse+Rinpoche+and+many+other+enlightened+masters%2C+thus+becoming+a+representative+of+the+Drukpa+lineage.%0A%0AAdeu+Rinpoche+also+took+responsibility+for+restoring+Tsechu+Gompa%2C+and+at+the+same+time+collecting%2C+correcting+and+editing+all+the+Drukpa+teachings%2C+tantras+and+practices.%0A%0AAdeu+Rinpoche+passed+away+in+July+2007%2C+in+Nangchen%2C+Tibet.%0A%0AHis+reincarnation+has+recently+been+identified%2C+in+Tibet%2C+by+Choegon+Rinpoche+Ch%C3%B6kyi+Senge.+%28Source%3A%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.rigpawiki.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DAdeu_Rinpoche%5D%29
Marc+Agate+holds+a+Master%E2%80%99s+degree+in+Electrical+Engineering+from+Georgia+Tech%2C+Atlanta+%28GA%29+and+graduated+from+the+%C3%89cole+des+Mines+de+Nantes+in+Computer+Sciences.+After+working+for+a+web+services+company+for+five+years+in+Atlanta%2C+he+returned+to+France+and+joined+the+Dashang+Rimay+Community+where+he+learned+Tibetan+and+started+to+develop+several+multilingual+lexicographic+projects.%0A%0AWith+his+wife%2C+he+published+a+practical+guide+on+Tibetan+Kunye+Massage.+He+also+translated+several+sutras+from+Tibetan+to+French%2C+as+well+as+the+%27%27Uttaratantra%27%27+and+its+commentary+by+Asanga%2C+and+books+2%2C+3+and+4+of+the+%27%27Treasury+of+Knowledge%27%27+by+Jamg%C3%B6n+Kongtrul+Lodr%C3%B6+Thaye.+Marc+has+joined+BDRC+to+offer+his+expertise%2C+and+help+preserve+and+spread+Buddhist+teachings+around+the+world.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.tbrc.org%2F%23%21footer%2Fcommunity%2Fpeople+Source+Accessed+Oct+4%2C+2019%5D%29 +
Born+in+Barcelona+in+1965%2C+Oriol+Aguilar+received+his+Ph.D+in+cultural+anthrolopogy+from+the+Universitat+Aut%C3%B2noma+de+Barcelona+in+2005.+Focusing+on+religious+studies%2C+particularly+the+Buddhism+of+Tibet%2C+he+studied+Tibetan+language+in+Barcelona+and+Paris+%28%C3%89cole+Pratique+des+Hautes+%C3%89tudes%29+and+trained+in+translation+with+the+Shang+Shung+Institute.+He+met+Ch%C3%B6gyal+Namkhai+Norbu+in+1987%2C+and+since+1998+has+collaborated+with+Shang+Shung+Publications+as+a+member+of+the+International+Publications+Committee+%28IPC%29+of+the+Dzogchen+Community+on+the+publication%2C+particularly+in+the+Spanish+editions%2C+of+the+teachings+of+Ch%C3%B6gyal+Namkhai+Norbu%2C+including+translations+from+Tibetan.%0A%0A%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.shangshungpublications.org%2Foriol-aguilar%2F%5D +