First Karmapa Dusum Khyenpa

PersonType	Category:Classical Tibetan Authors
MainNamePhon	First Karmapa Dusum Khyenpa
MainNameTib	དུས་གསུམ་མཁྱེན་པ་
MainNameWylie	dus gsum mkhyen pa
AltNamesTib	ཀརྨ་པ་གཅིག་པ་  ·  དཔལ་ཆོས་ཀྱི་གྲགས་པ་  ·  གྲུབ་ཐོབ་ཁམས་པ་དབུ་སེ་
AltNamesWylie	karma pa gcig pa  ·  dpal chos kyi grags pa  ·  grub thob khams pa dbu se
AltNamesOther	Karmapa, 1st
BiographicalInfo	1164 - Founds monastery-kam po gnas nang dgon (chab mdo) 1184 - Founds monastery - karma dgon 1185 - Founds monastery - karma lha steng dgon pa 1189 - Founds monastery - mtshur phu dgon (stod lung bde chen rdzong)
YearBirth	1110
YearDeath	1193
BornIn	tre shod (khams)
TibDateGender	Male
TibDateElement	Iron
TibDateAnimal	Tiger
TibDateRabjung	2
ReligiousAffiliation	Karma Kagyu
Has emanations	Second Karmapa Karma Pakshi
StudentOf	phywa pa chos kyi seng+ge  ·  sgam po pa  ·  ras chung pa  ·  Byang chub grags
TeacherOf	Drogon Rechen  ·  kaH thog dam pa bde gshegs
BDRC	https://www.tbrc.org/#!rid=P1400
Treasury of Lives	https://treasuryoflives.org/biographies/view/First-Karmapa-Dusum-Khyenpa/2683
IsInGyatsa	No
BnwShortPersonBio	A renowned Tibetan master recognized as the first in the lineage of Karma pa incarnations and early founder of the Karma bka' brgyud sect of Tibetan Buddhism. He was born in the Tre shod region of eastern Tibet and at the age of sixteen was ordained by a monk of the Bka' gdams sect and received tantric instruction from a disciple of Atiśa Dīpaṃkaraśrījñāna. He went on to study Madhyamaka and the Kālacakratantra with some of the leading scholars of the day. At the age of thirty, Dus gsum mkhyen pa met his principal guru, Sgam po pa B sod nams rin chen, from whom he received many teachings, including so-called “heat yoga” (gtum mo; see candālī). He also studied with Mi la ras pa’s renowned disciple Ras chung pa. He devoted himself to the teachings that would become the hallmark of the Bka' brgyud, such as the six yogas of Nāropa and mahāmudra, but he also received teachings from a number of Bka' gdams and Sa skya masters. He went on to found three important Bka' brgyud monasteries: Kam po gnas nang in 1164, Karma dgon in 1184, both in eastern Tibet, and Mtshur phu northwest of Lha sa in 1187. The latter became a powerful central-Tibetan institution as the primary seat of the Karma pas up to 1959. It is said that at the age of sixteen Dus gsum mkhyen pa received a hat woven from the hair of one hundred thousand ḍākinīs. This hat has been passed down to subsequent Karma pas, and seen in the so-called “black hat ceremony” (zhwa nag). (Source: "Dus gsum mkhyen pa." In The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism, 274–5. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.)
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The Kagyu school traces its origin to the eleventh-century translator Marpa, who studied in India with Nāropa. Marpa's student Milarepa trained Gampopa, who founded the first monastery of the Kagyu order. As many as twelve subtraditions grew out from there, the best known being the Karma Kagyu, the Drikung, and the Drukpa.

The disciples of the Buddha who aspire to attain individual liberation or nirvāṇa. The final goal of the Hearers is to become an arhat, a state in which one has totally eliminated the inner problems of attachment, hatred and ignorance, the main causes for rebirth in this cycle of existence. There are four stages of a śrāvaka path including eight phases.

Along with Yogācāra, it is one of the two major philosophical schools of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Founded by Nāgārjuna around the second century CE, it is rooted in the Prajñāpāramitā Sūtras, though its initial exposition was presented in Nāgārjuna's Mūlamadhyamakakārikā.