Property:EncodedGlossary-EnglishRY
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K
Skt.+kleshas.+Emotions%2C+conflicting%2Fnegative%2Fobscuring.+affliction+%5Bthd%5D.+klesha+1%29+disturbed%2C+weary%2F+troubled%2F+miserable%3B+turbulent.+2%29+disturbing+emotions%2C+negative+emotion.+passions%2C+affliction%2C+emotionality%2C+delusion%2C+affect%2C+bad+thought%2C+conflicting+emotions%2C+fettering+passions%3B+%5Bsomething+that+is+difficult+which+muddies+the+stream+of+awareness%5D%2C+hardship%3B+Def%3A+sems+kyi+rgyu%27am+byed+pa+ma+zhi+ba +
%27Wheel+of+Time.%27+A+tantra+and+a+Vajrayana+system+taught+by+Buddha+Shakyamuni+himself%2C+showing+the+interrelationship+between+the+phenomenal+world%2C+the+physical+body+and+the+mind +
M
The+first+of+the+%27Three+Inner+Tantras.%27+Mahayoga+as+scripture+is+divided+into+two+parts%3A+Tantra+Section+and+Sadhana+Section.+The+Tantra+Section+consists+of+the+Eighteen+Mahayoga+Tantras+while+the+Sadhana+Section+is+comprised+of+the+Eight+Sadhana+Teachings.+Jamg%C3%B6n+Kongtr%C3%BCl+says+in+his+Treasury+of+Knowledge%3A+%22Mahayoga+emphasizes+means+%28upaya%29%2C+the+development+stage%2C+and+the+view+that+liberation+is+attained+through+growing+accustomed+to+the+insight+into+the+nature+of+the+indivisibility+of+the+superior+two+truths.%22+The+superior+two+truths+in+Mahayoga+are+purity+and+equality+%E2%80%93+the+pure+natures+of+the+aggregates%2C+elements+and+sense+factors+are+the+male+and+female+buddhas+and+bodhisattvas.+At+the+same+time%2C+everything+that+appears+and+exists+is+of+the+equal+nature+of+emptiness. +
Mahayana.+%27Greater+vehicle.%27+When+using+the+term+%27greater+and+lesser+vehicles%2C%27+Mahayana+and+Hinayana%2C+Mahayana+includes+the+tantric+vehicles+while+Hinayana+is+comprised+of+the+teachings+for+shravakas+and+pratyekabuddhas.+The+connotation+of+%27greater%27+or+%27lesser%27+refers+to+the+scope+of+aspiration%2C+the+methods+applied+and+the+depth+of+insight.+Central+to+Mahayana+practice+is+the+bodhisattva+vow+to+liberate+all+sentient+beings+through+means+and+knowledge%2C+compassion+and+insight+into+emptiness.+Mahayana%27s+two+divisions+are+known+as+Mind+Only+and+Middle+Way.+The+sevenfold+greatness+of+Mahayana+mentioned+in+Maitreya%27s+Ornament+of+the+Sutras+are+explained+by+Jamg%C3%B6n+Kongtr%C3%BCl+in+his+All-encompassing+Knowledge%3A+%22The+greatness+of+focus+on+the+immense+collection+of+Mahayana+teachings%2C+the+greatness+of+the+means+of+accomplishing+the+welfare+of+both+self+and+others%2C+the+greatness+of+wisdom+that+realizes+the+twofold+egolessness%2C+the+greatness+of+diligent+endeavor+for+three+incalculable+aeons%2C+the+greatness+of+skillful+means+such+as+not+abandoning+samsaric+existence+and+enacting+the+seven+unvirtuous+actions+of+body+and+speech+without+disturbing+emotions%2C+the+greatness+of+true+accomplishment+of+the+ten+strengths%2C+the+fourfold+fearlessness%2C+and+the+unique+qualities+of+the+awakened+ones%2C+and+the+greatness+of+activity+that+is+spontaneous+and+unceasing.%22%0A%0AMahayana%2C+the+Greater+Vehicle%2C+%5BMahayana%5D%3B+greater+approach%2F+Mahayana%3B+%5BMahayana%5D+supreme%2C+comprehensive+approach%2C+universal+%2F+great+vehicle +
N
expedient+meaning.+interpretable+%5Bggd%5D.+provisional+meanings.+hinted+or+provisional+meaning.+expedient+meaning%2C+assumed+meaning%2C+interpretable%2C+provisional+meaning%2C+requiring+interpretation.+%7B%27dul+bya+kha+%2A%7D%3B+conventional+meaning%2C+%2F+conditional+meaning%2F+truth +
svabhava+1%29+%2A%2C+nature%2C+character%2C+attribute%2C+identity%2C+entity%2C+intrinsic+%2F+central+%2F+essential+nature%2C+vital+substance%2C+core%2C+being%2C+inmost+nature.+2%29+principle%2C+existence%2C+fact.+3%29+entity%2C+fact+of+being%2C+identity.+4%29+definition%2C+main+principle.+5%29+what+it+comes+down+to%2C+at+bottom%2C+in+fact%2C+5%29+essential+meaning+%5Bin+textual+introduction%5D. +
no+entityness%2C+unreality%3B+lack+of+inherent+existence%2C+realitylessness%2C+non-entityness%2C+essenceless.+Syn+%7Brang+bzhin+med+pa%7D%3B+entitynessless +
Simplicity.+1%29+The+absence+of+creating+mental+construct+or+conceptual+formulations+about+the+nature+of+things.+2%29+The+second+stage+in+the+practice+of+Mahamudra.+simplicity%2C+freedom+from%2F+free+of+%28conceptual%29+elaborations%3B+unembellished+free+of+elaborations%2C+freedom+from+conceptual+elaboration.+freedom+from+constructing%2C+non-complex%2C+simplicity%2C+without+fabrication.+unconditioned.+%22Free+from+%5Bmental%5D+complexities+%2F+elaborations+%2F+fabrications%2C+2%29+one+of+the+%7Bphyag+rgya+chen+po%27i+rnal+%27byor+bzhi%7D+the+four+yogas+of+Mahamudra.+the+second+yoga+of+Mahamudra%2C+%22beyond+playwords%22%3B+free+of+conceptual+elaborations%3B+free+of+conceptual+complication%3B+free+of+mental+elaborations%2C+free+of+elaborations%2C+see+also+%7Bspros+bral+rnal+%27byor%7D.+freedom+from+constructs%2C+simplicity +
Nyingma+tradition.+Nyingma+school.+The+teachings+brought+to+Tibet+and+translated+mainly+during+the+reign+of+King+Trisong+Deutsen+and+in+the+subsequent+period+up+to+Rinchen+Sangpo+in+the+ninth+century+chiefly+by+the+great+masters+Padmasambhava%2C+Vimalamitra%2C+Shantarakshita%2C+and+Vairochana.+The+two+subsequent+main+types+of+transmission+are+Kama+and+Terma.+Practices+are+based+on+both+the+Outer+and+Inner+Tantras+with+emphasis+on+the+practice+of+the+Inner+Tantras+of+Mahayoga%2C+Anu+Yoga+and+Ati+Yoga.+Nyingma+school%3B+Nyingma%2C+the+Old+school%2C+old+translation+school. +
P
The+imagined+%28kun+brtags%29+is+the+two+kinds+of+self-entity. +
Prajna.+Knowledge+or+intelligence.+In+particular%2C+the+%27knowledge+of+realizing+egolessness.%27.+the+practice+of+wisdom.+insight%2C+knowledge+%28thd%29.+discriminating+knowledge.+prajna%2C+intelligence%2C+knowledge%2C+discrimination%2C+%28wisdom%29.+insight%2C+%28shag+rog%29+roommate.+%28shes+rab+chung+ba%29+those+who+have+limited+knowledge.+Discrimination%2C+as+one+of+the+five+object+determining+mental+states%2C+superior+knowledge+%28in+most+contexts%29+-+superior+intelligence%2C+or+intelligence+%28when+referring+to+the+51+mental+factors%29+-+wisdom+%28when+taken+as+synonymous+with+yeshe%29.+Syn+%28ye+shes%29%3B+superior+knowledge+%28in+most+contexts%29.+-+superior+intelligence%2C+or+intelligence+%28when+referring+to+the+51+mental+factors%29.+-+wisdom+%28when+taken+as+synonymous+with+yeshe%29%3B+Wisdom%2C+discriminating+wisdom%2C+%28prajna%29%3B+bden+don+gtan+la+%27bebs%29+rang+dang+spyi%27i+mtshan+nyid+rnam+par+%27byed+pa%27o%29+discriminative+awareness.+recognition%2C+intelligence%2C+to+be+aware+of%2C+come+to+understand%2C+to+know%2C+to+grasp%2C+master%2C+to+learn%2C+can%2C+be+able+to%2C+to+realize%3B+discriminative+awareness%3B+Discrimination%2C+as+one+of+the+five+object+determining+mental+states.+knowledge.+one+of+the+%28pha+drug%29+the+six+paramitas.+discriminative+awareness.+insight%2C+intelligence.+%28shes+rab+chung+ba%29+those+who+have+limited+knowledge.+prajna%2C+%28wisdom%29.+Syn+%28ye+shes%29+wisdom.+superior+knowledge+%28in+most+contexts%29.+-+superior+intelligence%2C+or+intelligence+%28when+referring+to+the+51+mental+factors%29+-+wisdom+%28when+taken+as+synonymous+with+yeshe%29.+transcendent+knowledge.+critical+acumen+%28in+debate%29 +
Transcendent+Knowledge%2C+prajnaparamita.+Intelligence+that+transcends+conceptual+thinking.+%27Transcendent%27+literally+means+%27gone+to+the+other+shore%27+in+the+sense+of+having+departed+from+%27this+shore%27+of+dualistic+concepts.+The+Mahayana+teachings+on+insight+into+emptiness%2C+transcending+the+fixation+of+subject%2C+object+and+action.+Associated+with+the+Second+Turning+of+the+Wheel+of+Dharma.+Prajnaparamita%2C+the+Perfection+of+Insight.+perfection+of+wisdom%3B+transcendent+wisdom%2C+transcendent+knowledge%2C+%22the+intelligence+of+reaching+the+other+share%22%2C+transcending+intelligence%2C+knowledge%2C+the+perfection+of+wisdom%2C+def.+%7B%27khor+gsum+mi+rtog+pas+chos+kyi+rang+bzhin+ba+rtogs+pa+ni%7D+ultimate+transcendent+knowledge +
Naturally+present+potential+applies+to+the+mind+essence+present+as+the+unobstructed+potential+for+the+qualities+of+dharmakaya+arising+from+its+empty+aspect+and+the+qualities+of+rupakaya+arising+from+its+manifest+aspect.+It+is+called+%27all-ground+wisdom%27+%28%27%27kun+gzhi%27i+ye+shes%27%27%29+because+of+being+the+ground+from+which+both+samsara+and+nirvana+arise+and+the+%27defiled+suchness%27+%28%27%27dri+bcas+de+bzhin+nyid%27%27%29+because+of+being+combined+with+defilement+at+the+time+of+a+sentient+being. +
genuine%0A%0Areasoning%2C+%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B%2C%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B%0A%0Atrue%2C+proven%2C+genuine%3B+ideal%2C+validity%2C+valid+cognition%3B+authentic+%28standard%29%2F+standard+of+authenticity%3B+valid+cognizer+%5Bwhen+related+to+cognition%5D%3B+validating%3B+authenticity%2C+validity%2C+proof%2C+pramana%2C+logic%2C+ideal%2C+dialectics%2C+epistemology%2C+valid+%5Bcognition+%2F+understanding%5D%2C+proof+%5Bof+knowledge%5D.+three+kinds.+direct+perception+%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B+inference%2C+indirect+%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%97%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B+trustworthy+scripture+or+testimony+%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B+the+study+of+pramana+%5Bin+a+monastic+college%5D.+authentic%2C+genuine%2C+convincing.+right+cognition+%2F+understanding+%5Bfree+from+illusion%5D.+valid+source+of+knowledge%2C+true+knowledge%2C+reasoning%2C+%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B%2C+%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B+There+are+three+pramanas%2C+direct+perception%2C+inference+and+scripture.+Sometimes+the+following+three+pramanas+are+discussed%2C+direct+%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%2C+hidden+%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B+and+very+hidden+%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8F%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B+The+%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8F%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B+pramana+has+to+be+known+through+the+Buddha%27s+teaching.+reasoning%2C+%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B%2C%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B
antidote%2C+remedy.+antidotal+technique%2Fcorrective+measure%2C+cure%3B+opponent%2C+counteragent%2C+antithesis%2C+factors+discordant+to +
dependent+origination.+The+natural+law+that+all+phenomena+arise+%27dependent+upon%27+their+own+causes+%27in+connection+with%27+their+individual+conditions.+The+fact+that+no+phenomena+appear+without+a+cause+and+none+are+made+by+an+uncaused+creator.+Everything+arises+exclusively+due+to+and+dependent+upon+the+coincidence+of+causes+and+conditions+without+which+they+cannot+possibly+appear. +
The+seven+sets+of+precepts+one+of+which+should+be+kept+by+a+Hinayana+practitioner +
S
The+seat+of+the+%28sa+skya%29%2C+founded+in+1073+by+K%C3%B6nchok+Gyalpo+of+the+Kh%C3%B6n+clan.+Its+main+temple%2C+the+impressive+Great+Emanated+Temple+%28sprul+pa%27i+gtsug+lag+khang+chen+mo%29%2C+was+erected+in+1268+and+is+the+only+building%2C+among+over+a+hundred+temples+in+Sakya%27s+monastic+complex%2C+which+survived+the+Cultural+Revolution.+%5BMR%5D.+1%29+Sakya.+One+of+the+four+major+schools+of+Tibetan+Buddhism.+It+was+established+in+the+eleventh+century+by+Drogmi+Lotsawa+%28%27brog+mi+lo+tsa+ba%29%2C+a+disciple+of+the+Indian+master+Virupa. +
developed+potential%3B+evolved+family+%28trait%29%3B+the+affinity+to+be+developed%3B+one+of+%7Brigs+rnam+gnyis%7D+the+enlightened+family+of+inner+growth%3B+the+fully+expanded+potential+%7Brang+bzhin+gnas+rigs%7D+the+growing+affinity%2C+the+enlightened+family+of+extending+realization +