Property:EncodedGlossary-Senses
B
This+term+can+be+used+in+a+variety+of+contexts%2C+though+one+of+the+more+common+usages+is+related+to+the+Buddhist+notion+of+karma%2C+cause+and+effect.+In+this+sense%2C+b%C4%ABja+are+the+seeds+of+karmic+actions%2C+which+have+the+potential+to+ripen+into+karmic+consequences. +
C
It+is+a+philosophical+position+that+places+mentation+at+the+forefront+of+our+experience+of+the+world%2C+rather+than+the+seemingly+real+objects+that+consciousness+perceives.+It+can+also+be+used+to+refer+to+a+Buddhist+school%2C+a+genre+of+texts%2C+or+as+a+section+of+the+Tibetan+Buddhist+canon.+For+instance%2C+the+%27%27Gy%C3%BC+Lama%27%27+is+in+the+%27%27sems+tsam%27%27+section+of+the+Tibetan+canon. +
D
The+ultimate+source+of+phenomenal+appearances%2C+or+the+basic+nature+which+allows+for+phenomena+to+arise+in+all+their+multiplicity.+It+is+often+treated+as+a+synonym+for+emptiness+and+the+ultimate+truth. +
Although+this+term+is+sometimes+rendered+into+English+as+%E2%80%9Ctruth+body%2C%E2%80%9D+dharmak%C4%81ya+seems+to+have+originally+been+meant+to+refer+to+the+entire+corpus+%28%27%27k%C4%81ya%27%27%29+of+the+Buddha%E2%80%99s+transcendent+qualities+%28%27%27dharma%27%27%29.+%28%27%27The+Princeton+Dictionary+of+Buddhism%27%27%2C+p.+242%29 +
A+term+that+has+numerous+meanings+depending+on+the+context%2C+including+physical+realms+or+regions%2C+the+%28five%29+elements%2C+as+well+as+aspects+of+the+sense+organs%2C+bases%2C+and+fields.+In+terms+of+buddha-nature+theory%2C+it+is+often+treated+as+synonymous+with+terms+like+%27%27gotra%27%27+and+%27%27garbha%27%27+or+even+as+equivalents+of+buddha-nature+itself%2C+such+as+%27%27sugatagarbha%27%27. +
The+practical+approach+to+gaining+incontrovertible+conceptual+certainty+is+called+analytical+meditation+or+superior+insight.+%28%5B%5BBrunnh%C3%B6lzl%5D%5D%2C+%27%27%5B%5BThe+Center+of+the+Sunlit+Sky%5D%5D%27%27%2C+29%29%0A%0A%22Another+division+of+meditation+is+into+%E2%80%9Cthe+analytical+meditation+of+scholars%E2%80%9D+and+%E2%80%9Cthe+resting+meditation+of+mendicants%2C%E2%80%9D+or+simply+analytical+meditation+and+resting+meditation.+The+analytical+meditation+of+scholars+refers+to+the+intellectual+examination+of+all+phenomena+through+reasoning.+There+are+two+key+terms+here%3A+%E2%80%9Cdiscriminating+knowledge%E2%80%9D+and+%E2%80%9Cpersonally+experienced+wisdom.%E2%80%9D+The+first+step+in+this+analytical+meditation+is+to+cultivate+discriminating+knowledge.+This+refers+to+all+the+levels+of+increasingly+refined+inferential+valid+cognition+that+are+based+on+reasoning+and+developed+through+studying%2C+reflecting%2C+and+meditating.%22+%28%5B%5BBrunnh%C3%B6lzl%5D%5D%2C+%27%27%5B%5BThe+Center+of+the+Sunlit+Sky%5D%5D%27%27%2C+279%29%0A%0A%22The+general+scope+of+analytical+meditation+encompasses+all+of+the+teachings+of+the+Buddha%2C+starting+from+contemplating+impermanence+and+the+preciousness+of+human+existence+up+through+ascertaining+the+two+kinds+of+identitylessness.+Resting+meditation+includes+all+types+of+meditations+in+which+the+conclusions+achieved+through+preceding+investigation+become+absorbed+by+the+mind.%22+%28%5B%5BBrunnh%C3%B6lzl%5D%5D%2C+%27%27%5B%5BThe+Center+of+the+Sunlit+Sky%5D%5D%27%27%2C+281%29 +
Dzogchen%2C+or+Great+Perfection%2C+refers+more+specifically+to+the+nature+of+awareness%2C+which+is+the+innate+state+of+perfect+enlightenment+latent+in+the+mind.+More+broadly%2C+it+refers+to+the+associated+system+of+teachings%2C+theories%2C+and+practices. +
E
G
%27%27Gotra%27%27+is+used+in+Buddhist+literature+in+a+wide+variety+of+ways.+In+Yog%C4%81c%C4%81ra+it+is+used+in+the+sense+of+family%2C+lineage%2C+or+type+to+classify+beings+according+to+their+innate+capacity+for+progress+on+the+path+to+enlightenment. +
Though%2C+as+a+noun%2C+this+term+is+commonly+used+to+reference+a+subsect+of+the+Madhyamaka+school+that+lies+in+opposition+to+the+more+mainstream+stance+that+asserts+self-emptiness+%28%27%27rang+stong%27%27%29%2C+or+the+universal+lack+of+inherent+existence+%28%27%27rang+bzhin+med+pa%27%27%29%2C+it+can+also+refer+to+different+types+of+emptiness+that+describe+the+ultimate+and+relative+levels+of+reality.+Hence%2C+relative+phenomena+are+deemed+to+be+self-empty+since+they+lack+independent+defining+characteristics%2C+while+the+ultimate+is+said+to+be+empty+of+other%E2%80%94namely%2C+the+afflictions+and+defilements+that+only+incidentally+seem+to+obscure+it+but+by+which+it+has+actually+never+been+sullied. +
In+the+Dzogchen+teachings+it+is+commonly+counted+among+the+trilogy+of+ground%2C+path%2C+and+fruition.+Sometimes+referred+to+as+the+primordial+ground+%28%27%27ye+bzhi%27%27%29%2C+it+is+the+source+from+which+all+phenomena+arise. +
H
The+term+was+used+mainly+by+the+proponents+of+the+Greater+Vehicle%2C+who+considered+the+goals%2C+understanding%2C+practices%2C+methods%2C+and+results+of+this+school+as+being+lesser+in+scope. +
I
Individuals+who+are+so+consumed+by+their+desires+or+by+a+particular+lifestyle+that+they+would+never+even+consider+the+need+for+self-improvement.+Therefore%2C+they+have+no+interest+in+following+any+spiritual+path%2C+let+alone+the+path+to+liberation. +
K
All+things+in+Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na+and+Vajray%C4%81na+Buddhism+are+said+to+be+primordially+empty+and+thus+pure+and+free+from+extremes+and+defilements.+More+specifically%2C+primordial+purity+refers+to+the+nature+of+consciousness+or+buddha-nature%2C+which+is+empty+by+nature+but+endowed+with+spontaneous+luminosity.+Primordial+purity+is+the+empty+aspect+of+the+buddha-nature+which+is+primordially+present+in+all+beings. +
The+Marpa+Kagyu+%28%27%27mar+pa+bka%E2%80%99+brgyud%27%27%29+tradition+originated+in+the+eleventh+century+with+the+Tibetan+translator+Marpa+Chokyi+Lodro%2C+who+studied+in+India+with+N%C4%81ropa.+Marpa%E2%80%99s+disciple+Milarepa+famously+attained+enlightenment+in+the+caves+of+southern+Tibet+after+renouncing+a+life+of+violent+revenge%3B+his+disciple+Gampopa+merged+the+lay+siddha+practice+of+his+master+with+the+Kadampa+monasticism+and+scholarship+that+he+had+previously+studied.+Gampopa+founded+the+first+Kagyu+monastery%2C+Daklha+Gampo%2C+in+southern+Tibet.+Following+Gampopa+the+tradition+split+into+multiple+autonomous+subsects+known+as+the+four+primary+%28Barom%2C+Pakdru%2C+Karma%2C+and+Tselpa%29%2C+and+eight+secondary+traditions+%28Drigung%2C+Drukpa%2C+Martsang%2C+Shukseb%2C+Taklung%2C+Tropu%2C+Yabzang%2C+and+Yelpa+Kagyu%29.+%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Ftreasuryoflives.org%2Ftradition%2FMarpa-Kagyu+Read+more+at+Treasury+of+Lives%5D +
This+term+entered+the+Tibetan+lexicon+as+a+translation+of+%27%27%C4%81laya%27%27%2C+and+thus+it+is+often+rendered+back+to+its+Sanskrit+antecedent+in+modern+scholarship+and+translations.+However%2C+as+a+Tibetan+term%2C+it+is+more+commonly+read+literally+as+the+compound+%27%27all-ground%27%27%2C+or+%27%27ground+of+everything%27%27.+As+such+it+is+often+used+to+describe+a+common+locus%2C+or+substrate%2C+out+of+which+both+sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra+and+nirv%C4%81%E1%B9%87a+emerge. +
A+highly+influential+and+important+Tantric+corpus+throughout+Tibetan+Buddhism%2C+especially+for+the+Sakya%2C+Geluk%2C+and+Jonang+traditions. +
L
Lam+rim+has+the+sense+of+gradual+or+graded+practice+starting+from+basic+techniques+to+cultivate+the+thoughts+of+renunciation%2C+compassion+and+loving+kindness%2C+etc.+to+insight+into+ultimate+emptiness. +
M
It+has+a+sense+of+being+the+binding+force+and+refers+to+the+reality+of+all+things.+Just+as+a+seal+makes+a+document+binding%2C+reality+binds+all+things%2C+including+our+understanding+of+the+true+nature+of+things.+It+also+refers+to+a+symbolic+gesture. +