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Bhikkhu+Nyanatusita+is+a+Buddhist+monk+ordained+in+the+Theravada+tradition.+Since+2005+he+has+been+the+English+editor+of+the+Buddhist+Publication+Society%2C+Kandy%2C+Sri+Lanka.+He+extensively+studied+the+Pali+language+and+literature+and+made+has+published+a+study%2Ftranslation+of+the+P%C4%81li+P%C4%81timokkha.+His+contributions+to+the+DDB+come+out+of+his+ongoing+work+on+the+new+English+translation+of+the+Theravada+meditation+treatise+%27%27Vimuttimagga%27%27+%28%27%27Vimuktim%C4%81rga%27%27%29%2C+of+which+the+Pali+original+was+lost%2C+but+which+is+extant+in+a+6th+century+Chinese+translation+called+%27%27Ji%C4%9Btu%C5%8D-d%C3%A0o-l%C3%B9n%27%27%2C+%E8%A7%A3%E8%84%AB%E9%81%93%E8%AB%96+%28Taish%C5%8D+No.+1648%29+and+partly+in+Tibetan+translations.+%5B2012%2F4%2F5%5D+%28%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.buddhism-dict.net%2Fcredits%2Fnyanatusita.html+Source+Accessed+Mar+6%2C+2025%5D%29 +
Bhikkhu+P%C4%81s%C4%81dika+%28secular+name%3A+Eckhard+Bangert%29%2C+born+August+17%2C+1939+at+Bad+Arolsen+in+Hesse%2C+is+a+German+indologist+and+a+Buddhist+monk.+His+Dharma%2C+or+religious+name%2C+P%C4%81s%C4%81dika+is+a+Pali+word+meaning+%22amiable%22.+He+entered+the+Buddhist+order+of+the+Therav%C4%81da+tradition+in+Thailand+in+1960.+He+has+been+a+member+of+the+Buddhist+Research+Institute+Linh-Son+at+Joinville-le-Pont+%28Paris%29+since+1978.%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3E%5BBhikkhu+P%C4%81s%C4%81dika+%5D+speaks+German%2C+English%2C+French+and+Thai%2C+and+studied+Sanskrit%2C+P%C4%81li%2C+Hindi%2C+Chinese%2C+Tibetan+and+Japanese.+He+received+his+academic+education+in+India+%28N%C4%81land%C4%81+P%C4%81li+Institute+in+the+early+1960s+%28M.A.+from+Magadh+University+in+1964%29%2C+Punjabi+University+Patiala+in+the+early+1970s+%28Ph.D.+from+Punjabi+University+in+1974%29%29.+From+1975-77+he+was+reader+at+Punjabi+University+Patiala%2C+teaching+P%C4%81li+and+German.+He+edited+the+quarterly+%27%27Linh-S%C3%B3n+-+publication+d%27%C3%A9tudes+bouddhologiques%27%27+at+Joinville-le-Pont+from+1978-82.+Then%2C+until+1993%2C+he+participated+in+the+project+%27%27Sanskrit+Dictionary+of+the+Buddhist+Texts+from+the+Turfan+Finds%27%27+of+the+Commission+of+Buddhist+Studies%2C+Academy+of+Sciences%2C+G%C3%B6ttingen.+From+1995-2007+he+was+hon.+professor%2C+Dept.+of+Indology+and+Tibetology+of+Philipp%27s+University+Marburg%2C+teaching+P%C4%81li%2C+Sanskrit%2C+classical+Tibetan+and+Buddhist+Chinese.+Additionally%2C+he+was+in+charge+of+the+chair+of+Indology+at+W%C3%BCrzburg+University+%281996-2000%29.+He+also+was+visiting+professor+at+Ruhr+University+Bochum+%282000%2C+2002%29.+He+has+been+specializing+in+early+Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na+literature+and+%C5%9Ar%C4%81vakay%C4%81nist+Nik%C4%81ya-%C4%80gama+comparative+studies.%3Cbr%3E%3Cbr%3EIn+October+2016%2C+he+became+President+of+the+Linh+Son+Buddhist+Academy+in+Vitry-sur-Seine%2C+France.+Since+October+2019+he+lives+permanently+at+this+academy.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBhikkhu_P%25C4%2581s%25C4%2581dika+Adapted+from+Source+Mar+2%2C+2021%5D%29
Bhikkhuni+Tri+Hai+%28Tam+Hy%29%2C+one+of+Su+Ba%27s+outstanding+disciples%2C+was+born+Nguyen+Phuoc+Cong+Tang+Ton+Nu+Phung+Khanh+in+Hue+on+March+9%2C+1938%2C+to+an+aristocratic+family+of+devout+Buddhists+who+were+descendants+of+the+Minh+Mang+emperor+%28reigned+1820-40%29.+Phung+Khanh+excelled+in+her+studies.+After+she+graduated+from+high+school+at+the+age+of+seventeen%2C+she+wanted+to+renounce+the+household+life%2C+but+first+she+became+a+high+school+teacher+in+Da+Nang.+After+that%2C+she+went+to+the+United+States+where%2C+from+1962+to+1963%2C+she+took+graduate+courses+in+the+English+Department+at+Indiana+University%2C+Bloomington.+After+completing+her+studies+in+late+1963%2C+she+returned+to+Vietnam.+In+1964%2C+she+finally+renounced+the+household+life+and+became+a+nun+under+Bhikkhun%C4%AB+Dieu+Khong+at+Hong+An+Temple+in+Hue.+As+a+novice+nun%2C+she+was+chosen+to+become+an+assistant+to+Bhikkhu+Minh+Chau+at+Van+Hanh+University%2C+the+first+Buddhist+university+in+Vietnam.+In+1968%2C+she+took+the+%27%27sikkhamana%27%27+precepts+in+Nha+Trang.+She+was+selected+to+be+the+librarian+at+Van+Hanh+University+and+the+manager+of+the+School+of+Youth+for+Social+Service.+In+1970%2C+she+became+fully+ordained+in+Da+Nang+and+was+given+the+monastic+name+Tri+Hai.+At+Van+Hanh+University%2C+she+lectured+to+both+monastics+and+laypeople%2C+translated%2C+and+also+undertook+many+charitable+activities.+For+example%2C+the+humanitarian+organization+Oxfam+asked+her+to+head+the+Vietnam+Oxfam+Association%2C+which+she+directed+from+1965+to+1975.+She+also+taught+Levels+III+to+V+of+the+Majjhima+Nik%C4%81ya+in+English+at+the+Vietnam+Buddhist+Academy+and+Van+Hanh+Temple.%0A+%0AWhen+in+Hue%2C+Bhikkhun%C4%AB+Tri+Hai+lectured+on+the+%27%27Canh+Sach%27%27+%28Guishan%27s+Admonitions%29+at+Dieu+Hy+and+Hong+An+Temples.+During+%27%27vassa%27%27+each+year%2C+she+was+invited+to+lecture+at+Phuoc+Hoa+Temple+in+Hoc+Mon+and+Dai+Giac+Temple+in+Soc+Trang.+From+1996+to+1999%2C+she+taught+the+%27%27bhikkhun%C4%AB+vinaya%27%27+and+the+%27%27bodhisattva%27%27+precepts+at+the+Intermediate+Buddhist+School+%28Thien+Phuoc+Temple%29+in+Long+An+Province.+At+the+ordination+ceremonies+at+Thien+Phuoc+Temple+in+Long+An%2C+she+was+invited+to+lecture+on+the+%27%27bhikkhun%C4%AB+vinaya%27%27%2C+where+she+gave+the+examinations+and+was+head+of+the+exam+group.+In+2003%2C+she+was+the+vice-master+at+the+ordination+ceremony+at+Tu+Nghiem+Temple.+At+the+time+of+her+death%2C+she+was+the+director+of+finances+and+vice+president+of+the+Vietnam+Buddhist+University+in+Ho+Chi+Minh+City.%0A+%0ABhikkhun%C4%AB+Tri+Hai+was+a+Dharma+master%2C+teacher%2C+translator%2C+poet%2C+editor%2C+and+publisher.+She+knew+English%2C+French%2C+Chinese%2C+Pali%2C+and+some+German.+She+has+more+than+one+hundred+published+works%2C+including+introductory+works+for+Buddhist+students%2C+a+Pali-English-Vietnamese+dictionary%2C+works+introducing+Tibetan+Buddhism%2C+and+works+on+contemporary+philosophers+such+as+Gandhi%2C+Krishnamurti%2C+Tagore%2C+and+Erich+Fromm.+For+decades%2C+she+was+involved+in+charitable+works+throughout+Vietnam.+Tragically%2C+on+December+7%2C+2003%2C+while+returning+from+a+charitable+mission+in+Phan+Thiet+Province%2C+she+and+two+other+nuns+%28Sa+Di+Phuoc+Tinh+and+Bhikkhun%C4%AB+Tue+Nha%29+were+killed+in+a+traffic+accident.+Bhikkhun%C4%AB+Tri+Hai+was+sixty-six+years+old+and+had+been+a+nun+for+thirty-three+years.%0A%0AAt+the+memorial+service+and+afterward%2C+letters%2C+poems%2C+and+couplets+of+praise+and+remembrance+poured+in+from+all+over+Vietnam+and+around+the+world+for+Bhikkhun%C4%AB+Tri+Hai%2C+an+eminent+nun+of+Vietnam+and+a+beacon+of+wisdom+and+compassion.+She+is+buried+at+Dieu+Khong+Temple+in+Hoc+Mon+District%2C+outside+Ho+Chi+Minh+City.+The+Dieu+Khong+Temple+that+she+built+in+2003+is+now+home+to+six+nuns.+Two+of+them%2C+Bhikkhun%C4%ABs+Tue+Dung+and+Tue+Nguyen%2C+are+currently+building+a+new+temple+complex+and+continue+Tri+Hai%27s+charitable+activities%3A+visiting+hospitalized+cancer+patients+during+the+Lunar+New+Year+to+give+donations+%28%22red+envelopes%22%29+and+giving+aid+to+the+elderly%2C+sick%2C+handicapped%2C+and+orphaned.%0A+%0ABhikkhun%C4%AB+Tue+Dung+became+a+nun+in+1980+after+hearing+Tri+Hai+speak+in+1979+on+the+%27%27Diamond+Sutra%27%27.+She+has+completed+some+translations+from+English+and+French+into+Vietnamese.+Each+year+on+the+death+anniversary+of+Tri+Hai%2C+Tue+Dung+publishes+a+manuscript+or+republishes+a+work+by+Tri+Hai%2C+for+example%2C+the+Majjhima+Nik%C4%81ya%2C+translated+from+P%C4%81li+by+Thich+Minh+Chau%2C+abridged+and+annotated+by+Tri+Hai.+%28Elise+Anne+DeVido%2C+%22Eminent+Nuns+in+Hue%2C+Vietnam%2C%22+in+%27%27Eminent+Buddhist+Women%27%27%2C+edited+by+Karma+Lekshe+Tsomo%2C+77%E2%80%9378%29
Bhikshu+Dharmamitra+%28ordination+name+%22Heng+Shou%22+-+%E9%87%8B%E6%81%86%E6%8E%88%29+is+a+Chinese-tradition+translator-monk+and+one+of+the+earliest+American+disciples+%28since+1968%29+of+the+late+Guiyang+Ch%27an+patriarch%2C+Dharma+teacher%2C+and+pioneer+of+Buddhism+in+the+West%2C+the+Venerable+Master+Hsuan+Hua+%28%E5%AE%A3%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%8A%E4%BA%BA%29.+He+has+a+total+of+34+years+in+robes+during+two+periods+as+a+monastic+%281969%E2%80%921975+%26+1991+to+the+present%29.+Dharmamitra%27s+principal+educational+foundations+as+a+translator+of+Sino-Buddhist+Classical+Chinese+lie+in+four+years+of+intensive+monastic+training+and+Chinese-language+study+of+classic+Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na+texts+in+a+small-group+setting+under+Master+Hsuan+Hua+%281968-1972%29%2C+undergraduate+Chinese+language+study+at+Portland+State+University%2C+a+year+of+intensive+one-on-one+Classical+Chinese+study+at+the+Fu+Jen+University+Language+Center+near+Taipei%2C+two+years+of+course+work+at+the+University+of+Washington%27s+Department+of+Asian+Languages+and+Literature+%281988-90%29%2C+and+an+additional+three+years+of+auditing+graduate+courses+and+seminars+in+Classical+Chinese+readings%2C+again+at+UW%27s+Department+of+Asian+Languages+and+Literature.+Since+taking+robes+again+under+Master+Hua+in+1991%2C+Dharmamitra+has+devoted+his+energies+primarily+to+study+and+translation+of+classic+Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na+texts+with+a+special+interest+in+works+by+rya+N%C4%81g%C4%81rjuna+and+related+authors.+To+date%2C+he+has+translated+more+than+fifteen+important+texts+comprising+approximately+150+fascicles%2C+including+most+recently+the+80-fascicle+Avata%E1%B9%83saka+S%C5%ABtra+%28the+%22Flower+Adornment+Sutra%22%29%2C+N%C4%81g%C4%81rjuna%27s+17-fascicle+Da%C5%9Babh%C5%ABmika+Vibh%C4%81%E1%B9%A3%C4%81+%28%22Treatise+on+the+Ten+Grounds%22%29%2C+and+the+Da%C5%9Babh%C5%ABmika+S%C5%ABtra+%28the+%22Ten+Grounds+Sutra%22%29+.+.+.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.alibris.com%2Fsearch%2Fbooks%2Fauthor%2FBhikshu-Dharmamitra%23+Source+Accessed+July+15%2C+2021%5D%29
A+diligent%2C+student+and+cultivator%2C+Dharma+Master+Heng+Ch%27ien+has+been+one+of+the+foremost+students+to+sit+at+the+feet+of+the+Venerable+Tripitaka+Master+Hsuan+Hua.+He+studied+the+Dharma+Blossom+Sutra+for+over+five+years%2C+and+has+been+explaining+it+for+more+than+four.+His+understanding+of+the+Sutra+is+deep+and+comprehensive%2C+and+his+lectures+have+made+the+Sutra%27s+principles+clear+and+easy+to+understand.+%28%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.dharmasite.net%2Fvbs28%2F28_7.htm+Adapted+from+Source+Oct+1%2C+2022%5D%29 +
Bhiksu+Thich+Tri+Lai+is+a+monk+and+lecturer+at+the+Linh-Son+World+Buddhist+Congregation. +
Bhamaha+%28Sanskrit%3A+%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%2C+Bh%C4%81maha%29+%28c.%E2%80%897th+century%29+was+a+Sanskrit+poetician+believed+to+be+contemporaneous+with+Da%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Din.+He+is+noted+for+writing+a+work+called+the+%27%27K%C4%81vy%C4%81la%E1%B9%83k%C4%81ra%27%27+%28Sanskrit%3A+%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%2C+K%C4%81vy%C4%81la%E1%B9%83k%C4%81ra%29+%28%22The+ornaments+of+poetry%22%29.+For+centuries%2C+he+was+known+only+by+reputation%2C+until+manuscripts+of+the+%27%27K%C4%81vy%C4%81la%E1%B9%83k%C4%81ra+came+to+the+attention+of+scholars+in+the+early+1900s.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBhamaha+Source+Accessed+Jan+24%2C+2024%5D%29 +
BIANCA+HORLEMANN+is+a+Sinologist+with+a+strong+interest+in+Tibet.+Her+publications+mainly+focus+on+Sino-Tibetan+relations+in+the+Amdo+area+of+Tibet+and+concern+the+period+between+the+7th+and+11th+century%2C+as+well+as+more+recent+history+from+the+19th+to+20th+century.+%28%27%27Contributions+to+the+Cultural+History+of+Early+Tibet%27%27%2C+list+of+contributors%29 +
Bimal+Krishna+Matilal+was+an+eminent+Indian+philosopher+whose+writings+presented+the+Indian+philosophical+tradition+as+a+comprehensive+system+of+logic+incorporating+most+issues+addressed+by+themes+in+Western+philosophy.+From+1977+to+1991+he+was+the+Spalding+Professor+of+Eastern+Religion+and+Ethics+at+the+University+of+Oxford.+He+was+also+the+founding+editor+of+the+Journal+of+Indian+Philosophy.%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBimal_Krishna_Matilal+Source+Accessed+July+3%2C+2020%5D%29 +
PROF.+BIMALENDRA+KUMAR+did+his+Ph.D.+in+Buddhist+Studies+from+University+of+Delhi+in+1990+and+has+been+teaching+since+then+for+31+years+in+various+Universities+such+as+Delhi+University%2C+Visva+Bharati+University%2C+Santiniketan+%28W.B.%29+and+Banaras+Hindu+University%2C+Varanasi+%28U.P.%29.+Currently%2C+he+is+working+as+a+Professor%2C+Department+of+Pali+%26+Buddhist+Studies%2C+Faculty+of+Arts%2C+Banaras+Hindu+University%2C+Varanasi+%28U.P.%29.+He+has+six+years+of+research+experience+during+his+doctoral+and+post-doctoral+education.+His+areas+of+interest+are+Pali%2C+Theravada+Buddhism%2C+Buddhist+Philosophy+%28Abhidhamma+Philosophy%29+and+Tibetan+Buddhism.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Fin%2Fbimalendra-kumar-3b4bba5b%2F%3ForiginalSubdomain%3Din+Source+Accessed+Oct+11%2C+2022%5D%29 +
Birgit+Kellner+is+an+Austrian+Buddhologist+and+Tibetologist.+She+studied+Buddhology+and+Tibetology+at+University+of+Vienna%2C+where+she+received+a+master%27s+degree+in+1994+under+the+supervision+of+Ernst+Steinkellner%2C+and+at+the+Hiroshima+University%2C+where+she+earned+her+doctorate+in+1999+under+the+supervision+of+Katsura+Sh%C5%8Dry%C5%AB.%0A%0AAfter+a+series+of+research+projects%2C+including+as+a+Humboldt+Fellow+at+the+University+of+Hamburg%2C+as+well+as+a+Visiting+Professor+at+the+University+of+California+at+Berkeley%2C+she+joined+the+University+of+Heidelberg+in+2010+as+Professor+of+Buddhist+Studies+within+the+Cluster+of+Excellence+%22Asia+and+Europe+in+a+Global+Context%22.+In+2015%2C+she+returned+to+Austria+to+serve+as+the+Director+of+the+Institute+for+Cultural+and+Intellectual+History+of+Asia+in+Vienna%2C+part+of+the+Austrian+Academy+of+Sciences.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBirgit_Kellner+Source+Accessed+Nov+15+2019%5D%29 +
Jongang+Lama.+See+%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Frimebuddhism.com%2Fcommunity%2Faffiliated-monasteries%2Ftibet%2Ftashi-chothang-monastery%2F+Tibetan+Buddhist+Rime+Institute%5D +
Mark+Blum%2C+Professor+and+Shinjo+Ito+Distinguished+Chair+in+Japanese+Studies+at+the+University+of+California%2C+Berkeley%2C+received+his+M.A.+in+Japanese+Literature+from+UCLA+and+his+Ph.D.+in+Buddhist+Studies+in+1990+from+the+University+of+California%2C+Berkeley.+He+specializes+in+Pure+Land+Buddhism+throughout+East+Asia%2C+with+a+focus+on+the+Japanese+medieval+period.+He+also+works+in+the+area+of+Japanese+Buddhist+reponses+to+modernism%2C+Buddhist+conceptions+of+death+in+China+and+Japan%2C+historical+consciousness+in+Buddhist+thought%2C+and+the+impact+of+the+Nirvana+Sutra+%28Mah%C4%81parinirv%C4%81%E1%B9%87a-s%C5%ABtra%29+in+East+Asian+Buddhism.+He+is+the+author+of+%27%27The+Origins+and+Development+of+Pure+Land+Buddhism%27%27+%282002%29%2C+and+co-editor+of+%27%27Rennyo+and+the+Roots+of+Modern+Japanese+Buddhism%27%27+%282005%29+and+%27%27Cultivating+Spirituality%27%27+%282011%29%2C+and+his+translation+from+Chinese+of+%27%27The+Nirvana+Sutra%3A+Volume+1%27%27+%282013%29.+He+is+currently+working+on+completing+%27%27Think+Buddha%2C+Say+Buddha%3A+A+History+of+Nenbutsu+Thought%2C+Practice%2C+and+Culture%27%27.+%28%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fealc.berkeley.edu%2Ffaculty%2Fblum-mark+Source+Accessed+May+31%2C+2019%5D%29 +
Born+in+Los+Angeles%2C+Jim+grew+up+in+Southern+California.+He+completed+his+undergraduate+degree+at+the+University+of+San+Diego+and+continued+to+the+University+of+Wisconsin%2C+Madison%2C+where+he+finished+his+MA+and+PhD+under+the+direction+of+the+Tibetan+Buddhist+scholar%2Fpractitioner+Geshe+Lhundub+Sopa.+His+graduate+studies+focused+on+the+work+of+the+Indian+teacher+%C5%9A%C4%81ntarak%E1%B9%A3ita.%0A%0ABoth+in+his+career+as+Associate+Professor+in+the+School+of+History%2C+Philosophy+and+Religion+at+Oregon+State+University+and+as+Professor+of+Buddhist+Studies+at+Maitripa+College%2C+Jim+displayed+the+rare+combination+of+deep+commitment+to+teaching+and+rigorous+engagement+as+a+research+scholar.+Even+more+unusually%2C+Jim+was+able+to+produce+scholarly+texts+that+were+valued+equally+by+the+academy+and+by+Buddhist+communities.+He+published+analytical+and+translation+works+on+Indian+Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na+Buddhism+based+upon+this+research%2C+including+The+Ornament+of+The+Middle+Way%3A+A+Study+of+the+Madhyamaka+Thought+of+%C5%9A%C4%81ntarak%E1%B9%A3ita+%282004%29+and+Sixty+Stanzas+of+Reasoning+%282004%29.+With+Geshe+Sopa%2C+he+completed+a+translation+of+the+4th+Chapter+of+the+%27%27Lamrim+Chenmo%27%27%2C+and+was+pursuing+the+publication+of+a+translation+of+%C5%9A%C4%81ntarak%E1%B9%A3ita%E2%80%99s+%27%27Madhyamak%C4%81la%E1%B9%83k%C4%81rav%E1%B9%9Btti%27%27.%0A%0AJim+was+a+strong+advocate+for+institutions+of+higher+education+that+strive+to+integrate+the+knowledge+base+of+Buddhist+philosophy+with+meditative+practice+and+service+to+the+community.+In+2004%2C+Jim+invited+Yangsi+Rinpoche+to+Portland%2C+Oregon+to+speak+to+interested+persons.+In+2005%2C+Jim+began+working+alongside+Yangsi+Rinpoche%2C+Namdrol+Adams%2C+and+Angie+Garcia+on+the+founding+of+Maitripa+Institute%2C+soon+to+become+Maitripa+College%2C+which+seeks+to+embody+those+ideals.+.+.+.%0A%0AHis+main+teachers+were+His+Holiness+the+Dalai+Lama%2C+Geshe+Lhundub+Sopa+Rinpoche%2C+Jangtse+Choje+Rinpoche%2C+Choden+Rinpoche%2C+Lama+Zopa+Rinpoche%2C+Yangsi+Rinpoche%2C+and+Chokyi+Nyima+Rinpoche.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fmaitripa.org%2Fjim-blumenthal%2F+Source+adapted+from+an+obituary+written+by+Namdrol+Miranda+Adams%2C++Damcho+Diana+Finnegan%2C+and+Jim%27s+wife%2C+Tiffany%29%5D
Also+known+as+Po-y%C3%BCan+or+Po+Fa-tsu.+A+priest+and+a+translator+of+Buddhist+texts+during+the+late+Western+Chin+dynasty+%28265%E2%80%93316%29+in+China.+He+built+a+Buddhist+monastery+at+Ch%27ang-an%2C+where+he+translated+and+lectured+on+Buddhist+scriptures.+In+305+he+set+out+for+Lung-yu%2C+where+he+intended+to+live+in+retirement.+He+was+killed+along+the+way%2C+however%2C+because+of+his+refusal+to+work+for+Chang+Fu%2C+the+local+governor+of+Ch%27in-chou%2C+and+also+because+of+accusations+lodged+by+someone+he+had+defeated+in+debate.+The+Buddha%27s+Parinirv%C4%81na+Sutra%2C+one+of+the+Hinayana+versions+of+the+Nirvana+Sutra%2C+was+translated+by+Fa-tsu.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.nichirenlibrary.org%2Fen%2Fdic%2FContent%2FF%2F14+Source+Accessed+Sep+3%2C+2021%5D%29 +
A+renowned+Indian+translator+and+monk+%28to+be+distinguished+from+a+subsequent+Bodhiruci+%5Bs.v.%5D+who+was+active+in+China+two+centuries+later+during+the+Tang+dynasty%29.+Bodhiruci+left+north+India+for+Luoyang%2C+the+Northern+Wei+capital%2C+in+508.+He+is+said+to+have+been+well+versed+in+the+Tripi%E1%B9%ADaka+and+talented+at+incantations.+Bodhiruci+stayed+at+the+monastery+of+Yongningsi+in+Luoyang+from+508+to+512+and+with+the+help+of+Buddha%C5%9B%C4%81nta+%28d.u.%29+and+others+translated+over+thirty+Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na+s%C5%ABtras+and+treatises%2C+most+of+which+reflect+the+latest+developments+in+Indian+Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na%2C+and+especially+Yog%C4%81c%C4%81ra.+His+translations+include+the+%27%27Dharmasa%E1%B9%83g%C4%ABti%27%27%2C+%27%27Shidijing+lun%27%27%2C+%27%27La%E1%B9%85k%C4%81vat%C4%81ras%C5%ABtra%27%27%2C+%27%27Vajracchedik%C4%81praj%C3%B1%C4%81p%C4%81ramit%C4%81s%C5%ABtra%27%27%2C+and+the+%27%27Wuliangshou+jing+youpotishe+yuansheng+ji%27%27%2C+attributed+to+Vasubandhu.+Bodhiruci%E2%80%99s+translation+of+the+%27%27Shidijing+lun%27%27%2C+otherwise+known+more+simply+as+the+%27%27Di+lun%27%27%2C+fostered+the+formation+of+a+group+of+Yog%C4%81c%C4%81ra+specialists+in+China+that+later+historians+retroactively+call+the+Di+lun+zong.+According+to+a+story+in+the+%27%27Lidai+fabao+ji%27%27%2C+a+jealous+Bodhiruci%2C+assisted+by+a+monk+from+Shaolinsi+on+Songshan+named+Guangtong+%28also+known+as+Huiguang%2C+468%E2%80%93537%29%2C+is+said+to+have+attempted+on+numerous+occasions+to+poison+the+founder+of+the+Chan+school%2C+Bodhidharma%2C+and+eventually+succeeded.+Bodhiruci+is+also+said+to+have+played+an+instrumental+role+in+converting+the+Chinese+monk+Tanluan+from+Daoist+longevity+practices+to+the+pure+land+teachings+of+the+%27%27Guan+Wuliangshou+jing%27%27.+%28Source%3A+%22Bodhiruci.%22+In+%27%27The+Princeton+Dictionary+of+Buddhism%27%27%2C+133.+Princeton+University+Press%2C+2014.+http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt46n41q.27.%29 +
Since+the+late+1960s+Bodo+Balsys+has+dedicated+his+life+to+understanding+the+nature+of+consciousness+and+sharing+his+unique+insights+with+others.+He+is+a+writer%2C+a+poet%2C+an+artist%2C+a+meditation+teacher+and+healer.+He+has+studied+extensively+across+multiple+fields+of+life.+These+include+Esoteric+science%2C+meditation%2C+healing%2C+cosmology%2C+Christianity%2C+Buddhism%2C+natural+science%2C+art%2C+politics+and+history.%0A%0ABodo+has+published+multiple+books.+His+first+series%2C+The+Revelation+%28three+volumes%29%2C+was+concerned+with+providing+insights+into+fundamental+esoteric+subjects%2C+and+specifically+providing+an+esoteric+understanding+of+the+Christian+Bible.+His+more+recent+books+focus+on+providing+new+insights+into+Buddhism+and+particularly+their+alignment+with+esoteric+science.+Bodo+also+holds+a+science+degree+from+the+University+of+Western+Sydney.+He+is+currently+teaching+at+the+School+of+Esoteric+Sciences+%28near+Sydney%29%2C+which+he+established.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.universaldharma.com%2Fabout-us%2Four-teacher-bodo-balsys%2F+Source+Accessed+July+19%2C+2023%5D%29 +
%28Chokle+Namgyal%29+%281376-1451%29.+The+twenty-third+abbot+of+Bo+dong+E+monastery%2C+founded+in+about+1049+by+the+Bka%27+gdams+geshe+%28dge+bshes%29+Mu+dra+pa+chen+po%2C+and+the+founder+of+the+Bo+dong+tradition.+His+collected+works%2C+said+to+number+thirty-six+titles%2C+include+his+huge+encyclopedic+work+%27%27De+nyid+%27dus+pa%27%27+%28%22Compendium+of+the+Principles%22%29%3B+it+alone+runs+to+137+volumes+in+the+incomplete+edition+published+by+the+Tibet+House+in+Delhi.+Phyogs+las+rnam+rgyal+%28who+is+sometimes+confused+with+Jo+nang+pa+Phyogs+las+rnam+rgyal+who+lived+some+fifty+years+earlier%29+was+a+teacher+of+Dge+%27dun+grub+%28retroactively+named+the+first+Dalai+Lama%29+and+Mkhas+grub+Dge+legs+dpal+bzang%2C+both+students+of+Tsong+kha+pa.+Among+his+disciples+was+the+king+of+Gung+thang%2C+Lha+dbang+rgyal+mtshan+%281404%E2%80%931463%29%2C+whose+daughter+Chos+kyi+sgron+me+%281422%E2%80%931455%29+became+a+nun+after+the+death+of+her+daughter+and+then+the+head+of+Bsam+lding+%28Samding%29+monastery%2C+which+her+father+founded+for+her.+The+monastery+is+the+only+Tibetan+monastery+whose+abbot+is+traditionally+a+woman%3B+incarnations+are+said+to+be+those+of+the+goddess+Vajrav%C4%81r%C4%81h%C4%AB+%28T.+Rdo+rje+phag+mo%29%2C+%22Sow-Headed+Goddess.%22+%28Source%3A+%22Bo+dong+Phyogs+las+rnam+rgyal.%22+In+%27%27The+Princeton+Dictionary+of+Buddhism%27%27%2C+139.+Princeton+University+Press%2C+2014.+http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fj.ctt46n41q.27.%29 +
Bodong+Sangye+G%C3%B6npo+was+a+Tibetan+yogi+adept+in+the+practice+of+Si%E1%B9%83hamukh%C4%81.+Though+he+initially+practiced+the+teaching+cycle+of+this+deity+associated+with+Bari+Lots%C4%81wa%2C+through+his+practice+he+was+able+to+encounter+Si%E1%B9%83hamukh%C4%81+and+received+empowerment+for+her+practice+from+Guru+Rinpoche.+This+became+the+basis+for+the+Si%E1%B9%83hamukh%C4%81+cycle+known+as+the+Bodong+Tradition+of+the+Aural+Lineage+of++the+Profound+Secret+of+the+Lion+Faced+%5B%E1%B8%8C%C4%81kin%C4%AB%5D+%28%27%27bo+dong+lugs+zab+gsang+seng+gdong+snyan+brgyud%29. +
Bokar+Tulku+Rinpoche+%281940+%E2%80%93+17+August+2004%29+was+heart-son+of+the+Second+Kalu+Rinpoche+and+a+holder+of+the+Karma+Kagy%C3%BC+and+Shangpa+Kagy%C3%BC+lineages.%0A%0ABokar+Rinpoche+was+born+in+western+T%C3%ADbet+not+far+from+Mount+Kailash%2C+in+1940+%28Iron+Dragon+year%29+to+a+family+of+nomadic+herders.++When+Rinpoche+was+four+years+old%2C+His+Holiness+the+16th+Karmapa+recognized+him+as+the+reincarnation+of+the+previous+Bokar+Tulku%2C+Karma+Sherab+%C3%96sel.%0A%0ABokar+Rinpoche+was+trained+at+the+monastery+founded+by+the+previous+Bokar+incarnation.+He++continued+his+studies+at+Tsurphu+Monastery+in+central+Tibet%2C+main+seat+of+the+Karmapas.+While+still+a+teenager%2C+he+assumed+full+responsibilities+for+the+Bokar+monastic+community.+Then%2C+due+to+the+Communist+oppression+in+Tibet%2C+Bokar+Rinpoche+fled+into+exile+at+the+age+of+20.+In+India%2C+he+became+a+close+disciple+of+Dorje+Chang+Kalu+Rinpoche.%0A%0AUnder+Kalu+Rinpoche%27s+guidance+in+Sonada%2C+Bokar+Rinpoche+twice+completed+the+traditional+three-year+retreat.++During+the+first+one%2C+he+followed+the+practices+of+the+Shangpa+Kagyu%3B+the+second+was+based+on+the+practices+of+the+Karma+Kagyu.%0A%0AIn+Mirik%2C+India%2C+Bokar+Rinpoche+founded+a+retreat+center+that+is+an+important+centre+for+Kalachakra+practice%2C+now+called+Bokar+Ngedhon+Choekhor+Ling.+%0A%0ABrief+bio+available+at+%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.bokarmonastery.org%2Fmod%2Fdata%2Findex.php%3FREQUEST_ID%3DcGFnZT1iaW9ncmFwaHktQm9rYXI%3D+bokarmonastery.org%5D%0A%0AAlso+see+%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.bokarmonastery.org%2Fmod%2Fdata%2Findex.php%3FREQUEST_ID%3DcGFnZT1wdWJsaWNhdGlvbnM%3D+Bokar+Publications%5D +
