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Linda Covill received her PhD from the University of Oxford and is the author of ''Handsome Nanda'', a translation and a study of Asvaghosa's Saundarananda. +
Linda E. Patrik, Professor of Philosophy at Union College, works on bridges between Asian philosophy and western philosophy, particularly with regard to ethical issues and philosophical issues concerning the nature of consciousness. She has studied and taught with Tibetan Buddhist philosophers at the Nitartha Institute, and she is part of a Tibetan text preservation effort based at Nitartha International's Document Input Center in Kathmandu. ([http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/1/1/bios.html Source Accessed Oct 9, 2022]) +
Linda Gatter has received teachings from Lama Yeshe, Lama Zopa Rinpoche and many other great Tibetan lamas since 1978. From 1997–98 she was co-director of Land of Medicine Buddha, California. She began editing books for the LYWA in 1998 and since 2000 has been the Media Manager for Maitreya Project International. (Source: ''The Kindness of Others'', 2006) +
Dr. Linda Jean LaMacchia was born in Greenbelt, MD. Linda was a teacher, researcher, and author of ''Songs and Lives of the Jomo'', about Tibetan Buddhist nuns living in northern India. +
is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Vienna. Her teaching areas include Asian Art in Viennese Collections and Ritual Art of the Tibetan Bön tradition. She is co-editor of the exhibition catalogue ''Bön: Geister aus Butter: Kunst und Ritual des alten Tibet'', with Deborah Klimburg-Salter, and Charles Ramble.
Wien: Museum für Völkerkunde 2013, and also of the first volume of the papers from the 20th conference of the European Association for South Asian Archaeology and Art entitled ''Changing Forms and Cultural Identity: Religious and Secular Iconographies'', edited by Deborah Klimburg-Salter, and Linda Lojda. Turnhout: Brepols 2014. ([https://brill.com/display/book/9789004307438/B9789004307438_001.xml Source Accessed Aug 1, 2023]) +
Rory Lindsay is a PhD candidate in Tibetan and South Asian religions
at Harvard University. His doctoral research focuses on Tibetan Buddhist
funerary manuals connected with the Sarvadurgatipariśodhana
Tantra, paying special attention to the writings of Jetsün Drakpa
Gyaltsen (1147–1216) and the debates they triggered among scholars
in the 15th and 16th centuries. In addition, Rory is working on a
Translation & Transmission Conference 73
book-length study of the life and works of the eastern Tibetan scholar
Drakyab Lodrö Gyaltsen (c. 1901–1963). Rory is also Review Editor
at Buddhadharma: The Practitioner’s Quarterly, and a member
of the Chödung Karmo Translation Group. Rory completed his BA
(2005) and MA (2008) degrees in Buddhist studies at the University
of Toronto.
Rory began studying Tibetan in 2004. He has studied at the University
of Toronto, Rangjung Yeshe Institute, Harvard University, and IBA.
His main lineages is Sa skya. He has translated Kun rig gi cho ga gzhan
phan ‘od zer by Rje btsun Grags pa rgyal mtshan and related works. (2014 Translation & Transmission Conference Program) +
Linnart Mäll (7 June 1938 – 14 February 2010) was an Estonian historian, orientalist, translator and politician. Born in Tallinn, Estonia, Mäll graduated from the University of Tartu in 1962 with a major in general history. He followed graduation with postgraduate studies at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences at the USSR Academy of Sciences (1964–1966) and Department of History, University of Tartu (1966–1969); 1985 Cand. Hist. (PhD) in history, PhD thesis "Ashtasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā as a Historical Source".
Since 1994 he was Head of the Centre for Oriental Studies, senior research fellow, Department of History, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Tartu. From 1969 to 1973 he served as lecturer of the Chair of General History at Tartu State University. Later he was dismissed for anti-communist views and subsequently worked for ten years as engineer of the Cabinet for Oriental Studies. He was partly rehabilitated in 1983 and promoted to head of the Laboratory for History and Semiotics (1983–1991). He later served as head of the Laboratory for Oriental Studies (1991–1994).
His main research fields included: Buddhist Mahāyāna texts, Buddhist mythology, classical Indian literature and culture, classical Chinese texts, Tibetan Buddhist texts and the history of small nations and peoples.
He was one of the first who applied the methods of semiotic analysis for investigation of Buddhist texts and other texts of classical Oriental thought. Mäll was one of the central figures of the branch of oriental studies in the Tartu-Moscow Semiotic School in 1960–70s. In the 1990s he worked on the elaboration of the conception of humanistic base texts; since 1998 the initiator and head of the research project "Humanistic base texts in the history of mankind"; and author of ten books and over one hundred academic articles.
Mäll was inspired to become a Buddhist and buddhologist by well-known Estonian theologian and philosopher Uku Masing in the early 1960s. He later studied under and worked together with several Buddhist and non-Buddhist teachers and scholars including Nikolai Konrad, Alexander Piatigorsky, Oktiabrina Volkova, Youri Parfionovich, Lev Menshikov and Lama Bidia Dandaron. He was a teacher and spiritual master for many Estonian Buddhists and orientalists of the younger generation. In the 1990s he established close ties with The Dalai Lama and served as the main organizer of both of his visits to Estonia (1991 and 2001). Mäll was the founder and director of the first Mahāyāna Institute (which existed from 1991 to 1994). ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linnart_M%C3%A4ll Source Accessed Mar 17, 2021])
Lionel David Barnett CB FBA (21 October 1871 – 28 January 1960) was an English orientalist. The son of a Liverpool banker, Barnett was educated at Liverpool High School, Liverpool Institute, University College, Liverpool and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he took a first class degree in classics and was three times a winner of a Browne medal. In 1899, he joined the British Museum as Assistant Keeper in the Department of Oriental Printed Books and Manuscripts. In 1908 he became Keeper, remaining in the post until his retirement in 1936. He was also Professor of Sanskrit at University College, London from 1906 to 1917, founding Lecturer in Sanskrit at the School of Oriental Studies (1917–1948), Lecturer in Ancient Indian History and Epigraphy (1922–1948), and Librarian of the School (1940–1947). In 1948, at the age of 77, he rejoined the British Museum, which was desperately short of staff, as an Assistant Keeper, remaining there until his death. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Barnett Source Accessed Jan 19, 2021]) +
Rabbi Kennard Lipman, Ph.D., received rabbinic ordination in 2002 from the Hebrew Union College, Los Angeles, and was rabbi in State College, PA, Napa, CA, and Santa Maria, CA. He is currently a Lecturer in the Dept. of Humanities at San Jose State University.
During college he traveled to India and then studied for the next 20 years with some of the foremost teachers of Tibetan Buddhism. He received his Ph.D. in Far Eastern Studies under Prof. H.V. Guenther. In that same year he also met his principal Tibetan teacher, Chogyal Namkhai Norbu Rinpoche. Ken taught in, and was also Program Director of, the East-West Psychology Program at the California Institute of Integral Studies in San Francisco. ([https://www.amazon.com/Kennard-Lipman/e/B004NF0CPQ%3Fref=dbs_a_mng_rwt_scns_share Source Accessed March 31, 2020]) +
Lisa Stein is a disciple of [https://research.tsadra.org/index.php/Norbu,_Thinley Thinley Norbu Rinpoche] and [https://research.tsadra.org/index.php/Tharchin,_Lama Lama Tharchin Rinpoche]. She is the co-translator (along with Ngawang Zangpo) of [https://research.tsadra.org/index.php/But%C3%B6n%27s_History_of_Buddhism_in_India_and_Its_Spread_to_Tibet ''Butön's History of Buddhism in India and Its Spread to Tibet'']. She is the owner at EVOLVE, Integrative Personal Training in Portland, Oregon. +
Liu Zhen studied Indology, Tibetology and Sinology at Universität-München, Germany from 2001-2008. In 2001 he received his MA with a thesis on The Maitreyavyākarana – A Comparison of the Different Versions with a Translation of the Sanskrit Text. In 2008 he received his Ph.D. with a dissertation on Meditation and Asceticism – A New Sanskrit Source for the Buddha Legend. He is currently a professor in the National Institute for Advanced Humanistic Studies, and Director of the Center for Gandhian and Indian Studies, at Fudan University. His research specialties are Veda and Vedic literature, comparisons between Chinese and Indian literature, Indian Mahā- and Hīna-yāna Buddhism, comparisons of Indian, Tibetan and Chinese Buddhist documents, Sanskrit manuscripts and Indian and Central Asian art. ([https://www.harvard-yenching.org/person/liu-zhen/ Source Accessed June 8, 2023]) +
Lo Lotsāwa was a Tibetan translator who was born sometime in the latter part of twelfth century. He traveled to Nepal and India and received extensive teachings from many Indian masters. The translations of a number of Vajrayāna works are attributed to him. (Thupten Jinpa, ''Mind Training: The Great Collection'', 612n406) +
Ven. Lobsang Gyatso was born in 1928 in a small village in eastern Tibet. He became a monk at the age of eleven, and later traveled to central Tibet to study at Drepung Monastery. After fleeing Tibet during the 1959 Tibetan Uprising, Gen Lobsang Gyatso, or “Gen la” as he was known at the Institute, eventually moved to Mussoorie to serve as a religious teacher at the Central School for Tibetans.
In 1973, after being appointed by His Holiness to establish the Institute, he re-located to Dharamsala, India. After some difficult early years the Institute became one of the success stories of the Tibetan exile community. In 1991, Gen la expanded upon the already-successful work of the Institute with the founding of a new branch at Sarah, the College for Higher Tibetan Studies. Under his guidance, the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics and the College for Higher Tibetan Studies developed into uniquely valuable Tibetan educational institutions, offering integrated studies in both traditional Tibetan disciplines and modern subjects.
While the establishment of the Institute of Buddhist Dialectics and the College for Higher Tibetan Studies at Sarah is the work for which Gen la will be best remembered, he was also an accomplished writer.
A selection of Gen Lobsang Gyatso’s publications:
* ''Harmony of Emptiness and Dependent-Arising'', Paljor Publications, 1992.
* ''The Four Noble Truths'', Snow Lion Publications, 1994.
* ''Bodhicitta: Cultivating the Compassionate Mind of Enlightenment'', Snow Lion Publications, 1997.
* ''Memoirs of a Tibetan Lama'' by Gyatso, Lobsang (1990) Paperback, Snow Lion Publications, 1998.
* ''Tsongkhapa’s Praise for Dependent Relativity'', Wisdom Publications, 2012.
A Tibetan patriot, meditation master, and unswerving follower of the Dalai Lama, Gen la emerged as a fearless social critic, and a deeply spiritual man. On 5 February 1997, Gen Lobsang Gyatso and two of his assistants were brutally murdered in Dharamsala. ([https://tibetanwhoswho.wordpress.com/2018/12/13/ven-lobsang-gyatso/ Source Accessed Apr 19, 2021])
Lobsang P. Lhalungpa was born in Lhasa, Tibet. From 1940 until 1952, he was a monk-official in the service of His Holiness the Dalai Lama and of the Tibetan government. He established the first Tibetan-language program of All India Radio and dedicated his life to the promotion and preservation of Tibet’s rich spiritual and cultural tradition. Lhalungpa translated ''The Life of Milarepa'', and was chosen by His Holiness the Sixteenth Karmapa to translate ''Mahamudra: The Moonlight''. He authored ''Tibet: The Sacred Realm''. He lived in Santa Fe, New Mexico, for many years before his death in 2008. ([https://wisdomexperience.org/content-author/lobsang-p-lhalungpa/ Source Accessed Oct 14, 2025]) +
Born in 1924, Geshe Loden became a monk at seven years old. After completing extensive Buddhist philosophy studies, he received the Geshe Lharampa degree from Sera Je Monastery in Tibet, and an Acharya degree from Varanasi's Sanskrit university in India. He was also awarded a Master's qualification in Vajrayana Buddhism after many years study at Gyudmed Tantric College. Geshe Loden originally came to Australia in 1976 at the invitation of Lama Thubten Yeshe to be the resident teacher at Chenrezig Institute, Queensland, where he remained for three years before leaving to start his own organization.<br> Geshe Loden has written many books on Tibetan Buddhism, including: ''Great Treasury of Mahamudra'' (2009); ''Essence of the Path to Enlightenment'' (1997); ''Meditations on the Path to Enlightenment'' (1996); ''The Fundamental Potential for Enlightenment'' (1996); and ''Path to Enlightenment in Tibetan Buddhism'' (1993). ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geshe_Acharya_Thubten_Loden Source Accessed Jul 27, 2020]) +
Gelong Lodrö Sangpo is a student of the late Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche. After receiving his first ordination in the Karma Kagyü Sangha in 1984, he moved to Gampo Abbey in 1985 and received bhikshu ordination in 1987 from H.E. Jamgön Kongtrül Rinpoche. From 1990–1996 he participated in the first group of three-year retreatants at Söpa Chöling and afterwards entered a four-year study retreat. He served as acting Director of Gampo Abbey for some years and is one of the co-founders of the Nitartha Institute for Higher Buddhist Studies.
Lodrö Sangpo currently is head of the Chökyi Gyatso Translation Committee and has published an English translation of Erich Frauwallner’s The Philosophy of Buddhism (Motilal Banarsidass). His annotated English translation of Louis de La Vallée Poussin’s Vasubandhu’s Abhidharmakośabhāṣya was published in 2012 (4 volumes: Motilal Banarsidass). He is presently working on an English translation of Professor Lambert Schmithausen’s Collected Writings.
He has been a senior teacher of Vidyādhara Institute since its inception and serves as its chair.
([http://www.gampoabbey.org/shedra-faculty.php Source Accessed May 18, 2015]) +
Lodro Tulku Rinpoche was born in 1942 in Eastern Tibet and was confirmed as Tulku at the age of three. He is the sixth Tulku of a line of masters, who dedicated themselves above all to the study and practice of the Chod. He received the inheritance of the great Lama Tsongkhapa and detailed teachings in his personal specialty, the wisdom teachings of the Chod in the tradition of the Powerful Labdron. After his dramatic escape from Tibet, he received full monastic coordination from his main teacher, the great Kyabje Trijang Rinpoche, in 1962. In 2000, Rinpoche founded the Samdup Dolma Ling/Wish-fulfilling Tara Island Centre in Erlenbach near Lake Zurich where he has been living ever since. Over the years, Lodro Rinpoche has built up a very extensive collection of rare Buddhist texts and devotes a large part of his time to the translation of these texts into German and English. The practice of the Medicine Buddha and the Arya Tara are of particular concern to him. As a committed teacher, he gives his students lessons and guidance in Lam Rim, Chod and all disciplines of Sutra and Tantra. He is doing his utmost to transfer this wisdom teaching in an authentic way into Western culture. ([https://www.simonandschuster.com/authors/Lodro-Tulku-Rinpoche/234000253 Source Accessed Nov 14, 2024]) +
Venerable Master Lok To's origin is the Xiao County in Anhui Province. He was born in 1923. He became a novice at the age of ten and his tonsuring Master was Venerable Master Xue Feng of the Long Quan Temple. At the age of sixteen, he was ordained at Xinghua Temple in Mount Yunlong of Xuzhou. At eighteen, he arrived at Cham Shan Temple in Qingdao and began his Tiantai education at the Cham Shan Temple School of Buddhism, under the guidance of 65-years-old Elder Master Tan Xu.
In 1947, Venerable Master Lok To came to Hong Kong to further his studies. He encountered the Dao Feng Shan Religious Studies Research Institute and discovered their intention of weakening the faith in the Buddhist Saṅgha community. He then published a pamphlet to expose this. In 1948, Venerable Master Tan Xu arrived in Hong Kong and founded the South China (Huanan) School of Buddhism, where Master Lok To furthered his studies at the age of 26. He was determined to learn English then, planting his seed for translation work in years to come. This marked the milestone where Cham Shan's lineage was established in Hong Kong.
In 1962, Master Lok To decided to go to the U.S.A. and landed in San Francisco. He was the third member of the Chinese Saṅgha community who pioneered in propagating Buddhist Dharma in the United States. The next year, Elder Master Tan Xu passed away. Master Lok To then returned to Hong Kong for the funeral service and further prepared to establish a monastery in the U.S.A.
Master Lok To finally set foot in New York on March 15, 1964. He was warmly received by many devotees like Upasika Jiang Huang Neng Jin and Upasaka Shen Jia Zhen. In October 1964, The Buddhist Association of The United States (BAUS) was established with Master Lok To as the Chairman. Two years later, he founded the Da Jue Temple of Enlightenment, and became the first Abbot of the temple.
During the World Expo held in Montreal in 1967, Master Lok To invited Master Sing Hung and Master Shing Cheung to immigrate to Canada. In 1968, with their effort and help from devotees, The Buddhist Association of Canada (BAC) was founded, thus began their Canadian lineage.
In 1972, Master Lok To returned to the west coast to establish The Buddhist Association of San Francisco. In September 1974, Venerable Master Lok To resigned from his positions in The Buddhist Association of United States and the Da Jue Temple of Enlightenment. He then founded the Young Men's Buddhist Association of America in the Bronx district of New York. He also founded the Sutra Translation Committee of the United States and Canada. Together with devotees who had exemplary ability in the English language, Venerable Master Lok To focused his effort on translating Buddhist texts into English. For over forty years, Venerable Master Lok To had published a lot of English Buddhist texts in the United States and Canada for free distribution. His translation has been widely accepted and welcomed by English-speaking communities, and his work is still delivering merits to truth-seekers today. ([https://obo.genaud.net/backmatter/gallery/lok_to.htm Source Accessed March 28, 2022])
Lokakṣema (C. Zhi Loujiachan; J. Shi Rukasen; K. Chi Rugach'am 支婁迦讖 (c. 178–198 CE ). A pioneering translator of Indic Buddhist materials into Chinese. Lokakṣema was an Indo-Scythian monk from the Kushan kingdom in the Gandhāra region of northwest India, who was active in China sometime in the last quarter of the second Century CE, soon after the Parthian translator An Shigao. His Sanskrit name is a tentative reconstruction of the Chinese transcription Loujiachan, and he is often known in the literature by the abbreviated form Zhi Chan (using the ethnikon Zhi). Lokakṣema is said to have arrived in the Chinese Capital of Luoyang in 167 CE, where he began to render Indic Buddhist sūtras into Chinese. Some fourteen works in twenty-seven rolls are typically ascribed to him (although the numbers given in the literature vary widely), of which twelve are generally presumed to be authentic. The translations thought to be genuine include the first Chinese renderings of sūtras from some of the earliest strata of Indic Mahāyāna literature, including the Aṣṭasāhasrikāprajñāpāramitā (''Xiaopin bore jing''), the Kāśyapaparivarta (''Yi rimonibao jing''), the Pratyutpannabuddhasaṃmukhāvasthitasamādhisūtra (''Banzhou sanmei jing''), and the Akṣobhyatathāgatasyavyūha (''Achu foguo jing''). Given the time of his arrival in China, the Indic texts on which his translations were based must already have been in circulation in Kushan territory by at least 150 CE, giving a terminus ad quem for their composition. Rendered into a kind of pidgin Chinese, these "translations" may actually have targeted not Chinese readers but instead an émigré community of Kushan immigrants who had lost their ability to read Indic languages. (Source: "Lokakṣema." In ''The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism'', 480. Princeton University Press, 2014. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt46n41q.27.) +
Prof. Lokesh Chandra (born 11 April 1927) is a prominent scholar of the Vedic period, Buddhism and the Indian arts. He was the president of Indian Council for Cultural Relations during 2014–2017. He has also served as a member of the Indian Rajya Sabha, Vice-President of the Indian Council for Cultural Relations, and Chairman of the Indian Council of Historical Research. In 2006 he was conferred with Padma Bhushan by the Indian Government.<br>
He is the son of the famous Sanskrit scholar, linguist and politician Raghu Vira. After obtaining a master's degree at the University of the Punjab in Lahore in 1947, he edited the Gavamayana portion of the Vedic work Jaiminiya Brahmana with the help of newly discovered manuscripts. Chandra went to the Netherlands to study Old Javanese with the Indologist Jan Gonda at Utrecht University, where he obtained a Ph.D. with the dissertation ''Jaiminiya Brahmana of the Samaveda II.1-80'' in March 1950. Among them are classics like his ''Tibetan-Sanskrit Dictionary'', ''Materials for a History of Tibetan Literature'', ''Buddhist Iconography of Tibet'', and his ''Dictionary of Buddhist Art'' in about 20 volumes. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lokesh_Chandra Source Accessed Apr 2, 2021]) +
