Property:EncodedBio
This is a property of type Text.
B
Dr.+Baijnath+Puri%2C+the+Professor+Emeritus%2C+was+one+of+the+leading+Indian+historians%2C+a+widely+traveled+man+and+was+often+invited+to+deliver+lectures+at+many+universities+in+Europe.+He+was+for+more+than+five+years+Professor+and+Head+of+the+Department+of+Ancient+Indian+History+and+Archaeology+at+the+Lucknow+University.%0A%0AHis+two+works+%27%27India+in+the+Time+of+Patanjali%27%27+and+%27%27The+History+of+the+Gurjara+Pratiharas%27%27+earned+him+the+two+research+degrees+of+M.+Litt.+and+D.+Phil.+from+the+Oxford+University.+He+has+more+than+25+published+works+to+his+credit.+%28Source%3A+%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlbd.in%2Fproducts%2Fbuddhism-in-central-asia-b-n-puri-9788120803725-8120803728+Motilal+Banarsidass%5D%29 +
Baizhang+Huaihai+%28Chinese%3A+%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%88%E6%87%B7%E6%B5%B7%3B+pinyin%3A+B%C7%8Eizh%C3%A0ng+Hu%C3%A1ih%C3%A1i%3B+Wade-Giles%3A+Pai-chang+Huai-hai%3B+Japanese%3A+Hyakuj%C5%8D+Ekai%29+%28720%E2%80%93814%29+was+a+Zen+master+during+the+Tang+Dynasty.+A+native+of+Fuzhou%2C+he+was+a+dharma+heir+of+Mazu+Daoyi+%28Wade-Giles%3A+Ma-tsu+Tao-i%29.%5B1%5D+Baizhang%27s+students+included+Huangbo%2C+Linji+and+Puhua.%0A%0AHagiographic+depictions+of+Baizhang+depict+him+as+a+radical+and+iconoclastic+figure%2C+but+these+narratives+derive+from+at+least+a+century+and+a+half+after+his+death+and+were+developed+and+elaborated+during+the+Song+dynasty.%5B2%5D+As+Mario+Poceski+writes%2C+the+earliest+strata+of+sources+%28such+as+the+%27%27Baizhang+guanglu%27%27+%E7%99%BE%E4%B8%88%E5%BB%A3%E9%8C%84+%29+about+this+figure+provide+a+%22divergent+image+of+Baizhang+as+a+sophisticated+teacher+of+doctrine%2C+who+is+at+ease+with+both+the+philosophical+and+contemplative+aspects+of+Buddhism.%22%5B3%5D+Poceski+summarizes+this+figure+thus%3A%0A%0A%3AThe+image+of+Baizhang+conveyed+by+the+Tang-era+sources+is+that+of+a+learned+and+sagacious+monk+who+is+well+versed+in+both+the+theoretical+and+contemplative+aspects+of+medieval+Chinese+Buddhism.+Here+we+encounter+Baizhang+as+a+teacher+of+a+particular+Chan+brand+of+Buddhist+doctrine%2C+formulated+in+a+manner+and+idiom+that+are+unique+to+him+and+to+the+Hongzhou+school+as+a+whole.+Nonetheless%2C+he+also+comes+across+as+someone+who+is+cognizant+of+major+intellectual+trends+in+Tang+Buddhism%2C+as+well+as+deeply+steeped+in+canonical+texts+and+traditions.+His+discourses+are+filled+with+scriptural+quotations+and+allusions.+He+also+often+resorts+to+technical+Buddhist+vocabulary%2C+of+the+kind+one+usually+finds+in+the+texts+of+philosophically+oriented+schools+of+Chinese+Buddhism+such+as+Huayan%2C+Faxiang%2C+and+Tiantai.+Here+the+primary+mode+in+which+Baizhang+communicates+his+teachings+is+the+public+Chan+sermon%2C+presented+in+the+ritual+framework+of+%E2%80%9Cascending+the+%5BDharma%5D+hall+%5Bto+preach%5D%E2%80%9D+%28%27%27shangtang%27%27%29.%5B4%5D%0A%0ARegarding+his+teachings%2C+Poceski+notes%3A%0A%0A%3AA+central+idea+that+infuses+most+of+Baizhang%E2%80%99s+sermons+is+the+ineffability+or+indescribability+of+reality.+Ultimate+reality+cannot+be+predicated+in+terms+of+conventional+conceptual+categories%2C+as+it+transcends+the+familiar+realm+of+words+and+ideas.+Nonetheless%2C+it+can+be+approached+or+realized%E2%80%94as+it+truly+is%2C+without+any+accretions+or+distortions%E2%80%94as+it+manifests+at+all+times+and+in+all+places.+That+is+done+by+means+of+intuitive+knowledge%2C+whose+cultivation+is+one+of+the+cornerstones+of+Chan+soteriology.+Since+the+essence+of+reality+cannot+be+captured+or+conveyed+via+the+mediums+of+words+and+letters%2C+according+to+Baizhang+it+is+pointless+to+get+stuck+in+dogmatic+assertions%2C+or+to+attach+to+a+particular+doctrine+or+practice.+Like+everything+else%2C+the+various+Chan+%28or+more+broadly+Buddhist%29+teachings+are+empty+of+self-nature.+They+simply+constitute+expedient+tools+in+an+ongoing+process+of+cultivating+detachment+and+transcendence+that+supposedly+free+the+mind+of+mistaken+views+and+distorted+ways+of+perceiving+reality%3B+to+put+it+differently%2C+they+belong+to+the+well-known+Buddhist+category+of+%E2%80%9Cskillful+means%E2%80%9D+%28%27%27fangbian%27%27%2C+or+up%C4%81ya+in+Sanskrit%29.+Holding+on+rigidly+or+fetishizing+a+particular+text%2C+viewpoint%2C+or+method+of+practice%E2%80%94even+the+most+profound+and+potent+ones%E2%80%94can+turn+out+to+be+counterproductive%2C+as+it+becomes+a+source+of+attachment+that+impedes+spiritual+progress.+The+perfection+of+the+Chan+path+of+practice+and+realization%2C+therefore%2C+does+not+involve+the+attainment+of+some+particular+ability+or+knowledge.+Rather%2C+in+Baizhang%E2%80%99s+text+it+is+depicted+as+a+process+of+letting+go+of+all+views+and+attachment+that+interfere+with+the+innate+human+ability+to+know+reality+and+experience+spiritual+freedom.%5B5%5D%0A%0AOne+of+his+doctrinal+innovations+is+what+are+called+the+%E2%80%9Cthree+propositions%E2%80%9D+%28sanju%29%2C+which+are+three+distinct+stages+of+spiritual+realization+or+progressive+ways+of+knowing%3A%5B6%5D%0A%0A%2AThoroughgoing+detachment+from+all+things+and+affairs%0A%2ANonabiding+in+the+state+of+detachment%0A%2ALetting+go+of+even+the+subtlest+vestiges+of+self-referential+awareness+or+knowledge+of+having+transcended+detachment.%0A%0ABaizhang%27s+teachings+and+sayings+have+been+translated+by+Thomas+Cleary+in+%27%27Sayings+and+Doings+of+Pai-Chang%27%27.%5B7%5D+The+Wild+fox+koan+is+attributed+to+Baizhang.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBaizhang_Huaihai+Source+Accessed+July+15%2C+2021%5D%29
Nicola+Bajetta+is+a+Hamburg+University+graduate.+Received+the+Khyentse+Foundation+Award+for+Excellence+in+Buddhist+Studies+%28In+recognition+of+distinction+in+the+field+of+Indo-Tibetan+Buddhist+Studies+for+the+year+2018%29. +
Balangoda+Ananda+Maitreya+Thero+%28Sinhala%3A+%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9C+%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F+%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD+%E0%B6%B6%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%A9+%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF+%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%9B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BA+%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F+%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F+%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%92%3B23+August+1896+%E2%80%93+18+July+1998%3B+was+a+Sri+Lankan+Buddhist+monk+who+was+one+of+the+most+distinguished+scholars+and+expositors+of+Theravada+Buddhism+in+the+twentieth+century.+He+was+highly+respected+by+Sri+Lankan+Buddhists%2C+who+believed+that+he+had+achieved+a+higher+level+of+spiritual+development.%5B2%5D%5B5%5D+Sri+Lankan+Buddhists+also+considered+Balangoda+Ananda+Maitreya+Thero+as+a+Bodhisattva%2C+who+will+attain+Buddhahood+in+a+future+life.%0A%0ABalangoda+Ananda+Maitreya+Thero+lived+a+modest+life+and+did+a+great+service+for+the+propagation+of+Buddhist+philosophy.+In+recognition+of+his+valuable+service+at+the+Sixth+Buddhist+council+held+in+Burma%2C+the+Burmese+government+conferred+on+him+the+title+of+Agga+Maha+Pandita+%28Chief+Great+Scholar%29+in+1956.+Later+in+March+1997%2C+the+Burmese+government+conferred+on+Balangoda+Ananda+Maitreya+Thero+the+highest+Sangha+title%2C+Abhidhaja+Maha+Rattha+Guru+%28Most+Eminent+Great+Spiritual+Teacher%29%2C+which+is+equivalent+to+Sangharaja%2C+in+honor+of+his+unique+service+to+the+Buddhist+religion.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBalangoda_Ananda_Maitreya_Thero+Source+Accessed+Feb+13%2C+2023%5D%29 +
Baoyun+%E5%AF%B6%E9%9B%B2+%28376%3F%E2%80%93449%29+was+from+Liangzhou.+He+traveled+to+Central+Asia%2C+Khotan+%28Hotan%29%2C+and+India+around+397.+There+he+met+Faxian+and+other+Chinese+pilgrims.+In+India+he+studied+languages%2C+then+returned+to+Chang%E2%80%99an+and+became+a+follower+of+Buddhabhadra+%28359%E2%80%93429%29.+Buddhabhadra+was+in+Chang%E2%80%99an+from+406%E2%80%93408.+Baoyun+then+followed+Buddhabhadra+south+to+Mount+Lu%2C+and+ultimately+to+Jiankang+%28Nanjing%29.+His+good+friend+Huiguan+accompanied+Baoyun+throughout+the+entire+journey.+All+three+men+stayed+at+Daochang+Temple+in+Jiankang.+Baoyun+later+moved+to+Liuheshan+Temple%2C+outside+of+Jiankang.+It+was+at+these+two+temples+that+he+made+his+translations+%5Bof+the+%27%27Buddhacarita%27%27%5D%2C+reading+the+Indian+text+and+translating+orally.+In+this+way+the+%27%27Buddhacarita%27%27+was+rendered+in+421+C.E.+%28Yongchu+2+of+the+Liu+Song%29%2C+at+Liuheshan+Temple.+%28Willemen%2C+%27%27Buddhacarita%3A+In+Praise+of+Buddha%27s+Acts%27%27%2C+translator%27s+introduction%2C+xiv%E2%80%93xv%29.+In+addition+to+the+%27%27Buddhacarita%27%27+Baoyun+is+recorded+as+having+assisted+in+the+translation+of+several+s%C5%ABtras%2C+including+the+%27%27Ak%E1%B9%A3ayamatinirde%C5%9Bas%C5%ABtra%27%27+and+the+%27%27S%C4%81garamatiparip%E1%B9%9Bcch%C4%81s%C5%ABtra%27%27. +
Barbara+Frye%2C+a+student+of+Tibetan+Buddhism+for+several+years%2C+has+edited+numerous+works+by+Tibetan+authors. +
Dr.+Barbara+Nelson+is+a+Lecturer+in+the+School+of+Culture%2C+History+and+Language%2C+ANU+College+of+Asia+and+the+Pacific%2C+The+Australian+National+University%2C+Canberra%2C+Australia.+Her+research+interests+include+the+history+of+Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na+Buddhism+in+India%2C+bodhisattva+path+and+%27%27kshaanti%27%27+%28patience%29%2C+Buddhist+texts+in+Sanskrit%2C+translation+studies%2C+Indian+history+and+religions%2C+and+the+policy+and+practice+of+secularism+in+India.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fresearchers.anu.edu.au%2Fresearchers%2Fnelson-be+Source+Accessed+Jan+13%2C+2021%5D%29 +
Barbra+Clayton+is+an+Associate+Professor+of+Religious+Studies+at+Mount+Allison+University%2C+a+liberal+arts+institution+located+in+the+heart+of+maritime+Canada.+She+is+the+author+of+%27%27Moral+Theory+in+%C5%9A%C4%81ntideva%27s+%C5%9Aik%E1%B9%A3%C4%81samuccaya%27%27%2C+the+article+on+Buddhist+Ethics+in+the+%27%27Oxford+Handbook+of+World+Philosophy%27%27%2C+and+several+articles+on+Mah%C4%81y%C4%81na+morality.+Her+recent+work+focuses+on+the+ethics+of+environmentalism+in+the+Shambhala+Buddhist+community%2C+as+well+as+on+Buddhist+monasticism+at+Gampo+Abbey+in+Canada.+She+is+the+co-editor+with+Dan+Cozort+of+the+%27%27Journal+of+Buddhist+Ethics%27%27%2C+though+is+currently+taking+an+extended+sabbatical+from+this+role+.+.+.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.cardus.ca%2Fcontributors%2Fbclayton%2F+Source+Accessed+Jan+19%2C+2021%5D%29 +
Bardor+Tulku+Rinpoche+was+born+in+1949+in+Kham%2C+East+Tibet.+At+a+very+early+age%2C+he+was+recognized+by+His+Holiness+the+16th+Gyalwang+Karmapa+as+the+third+incarnation+of+Terchen+Barway+Dorje.%0A%0AWhen+Rinpoche+was+a+small+child%2C+with+his+family+and+his+Dharma+tutor+he+maintained+a+nomadic+life+style.+Rinpoche+was+six+when+he+left+East+Tibet+in+the+company+of+his+grandparents+on+a+journey+that+took+him+first+to+Lhasa%2C+then+Tsurphu%2C+and+finally+to+Drikung+where+Rinpoche+was+to+remain+for+a+couple+of+years+at+the+home+of+his+grandparents.%0A%0AAfter+Rinpoche%E2%80%99s+grandparents+passed+away%2C+his+parents+and+siblings+joined+him+in+Drikung.+When+the+political+and+social+conditions+in+Tibet+worsened+as+a+result+of+the+Chinese+Communist+occupation%2C+Rinpoche+and+his+family%E2%80%94initially+a+party+of+thirteen%E2%80%94set+out+toward+India+over+the+Himalayas+along+with+many+other+Tibetans+who+were+also+fleeing+the+fighting.%0A%0AThey+traveled+through+Kongpo+to+Pema+Ku.+In+Pema+Ku%2C+at+the+border+of+Tibet+and+India%2C+as+a+result+of+the+arduous+journey%2C+all+Rinpoche%E2%80%99s+family+members+died.+When+Rinpoche%E2%80%99s+father%E2%80%94the+last+member+of+his+family%E2%80%94died%2C+Rinpoche+left+Pema+Ku+and+continued+on+toward+Assam+with+other+refugees.%0A%0AAt+the+township+known+as+Bomdila%2C+where+the+borders+of+Tibet%2C+Bhutan%2C+and+India+meet%2C+a+bombing+raid+dispersed+the+group.+Rinpoche+and+a+young+friend+fled+the+attack+and+traveled+westward%2C+along+the+border+of+Bhutan+and+India%2C+to+Siliguri+and+eventually+to+Darjeeling.+When+they+arrived+in+Darjeeling%2C+His+Holiness+the+16th+Karmapa+was+notified+that+Rinpoche+had+safely+made+his+way+out+of+Tibet.+Filled+with+joy+at+the+good+news%2C+His+Holiness+arranged+for+Rinpoche+to+be+brought+to+Sikkim%2C+and+for+Rinpoche%E2%80%99s+friend+to+be+taken+care+of.%0A%0ABardor+Tulku+Rinpoche+was+enthroned+as+a+tulku+at+Rumtek+Monastery+when+he+was+in+his+teens.+It+was+also+at+Rumtek+Monastery%2C+under+the+tutelage+of+His+Holiness+the+16th+Karmapa%2C+that+Rinpoche%E2%80%99s+formal+training+took+place.%0A%0AAfter+completing+many+years+of+study+and+practice%2C+Bardor+Tulku+Rinpoche+accompanied+the+16th+Karmapa+on+his+world+tours+in+1974+and+1976.+In+1977%2C+His+Holiness+asked+Rinpoche+to+remain+in+Woodstock%2C+New+York%2C+at+Karma+Triyana+Dharmachakra+%28KTD%29.+During+his+first+two+years+at+KTD%2C+Rinpoche+worked+side-by-side+with+the+staff+to+renovate+and+winterize+the+house+and+prepare+for+the+last+visit+of+His+Holiness+the+Sixteenth+Karmapa+to+the+West.+During+that+last+visit%2C+in+1980%2C+His+Holiness+directed+that+his+monastery+and+seat+in+North+America+be+established+at+KTD%2C+and+he+performed+the+formal+investiture.+After+the+groundbreaking+ceremony+in+May+of+1982%2C+Bardor+Rinpoche+directed+the+construction+activities+and+labored+each+day+to+build+the+monastery.+When+the+construction+of+the+shrine+building+was+essentially+completed+in+early+1990s%2C+he+assumed+responsibilities+as+a+teacher+at+KTD+and+its+affiliate+Karma+Thegsum+Ch%C3%B6ling+centers+%28KTCs%29.%0A%0AIn+2000%2C+with+a+blessing+from+His+Holiness+the+17th+Karmapa+and+His+Eminence+the+12th+Tai+Situ+Rinpoche%2C+Bardor+Tulku+Rinpoche+established+Raktrul+Foundation+in+order+to+help+rebuild+the+Raktrul+Monastery+in+Tibet+and+provide+educational+facilities+for+monks+and+the+lay+community.+In+2003%2C+Rinpoche+established+Kunzang+Palchen+Ling+%28KPL%29%2C+a+Tibetan+Buddhist+Center+in+Red+Hook%2C+New+York.+Based+on+nonsectarian+principles%2C+KPL+offers+Dharma+teachings+from+all+traditions+of+Tibetan+Buddhism+and+serves+as+a+base+for+preserving+and+bringing+to+the+West+the+terma+teachings+of+Terchen+Barway+Dorje.%0A%0AAfter+working+tirelessly+for+thirty-one+years+with+the+Venerable+Khenpo+Karthar+Rinpoche%2C+the+abbot+of+KTD%2C+to+firmly+establish+KTD+and+its+affiliates+in+the+United+States%2C+in+October+2008%2C+Bardor+Tulku+Rinpoche+resigned+from+all+his+responsibilities+at+KTD.+In+August+2009%2C+the+KTD+Board+of+Trustees+issued+an+appreciation+letter+acknowledging+Bardor+Tulku+Rinpoche%E2%80%99s+role+in+the+establishment+KTD+and+its+affiliates+in+North+America.%0A%0ASince+he+left+KTD%2C+Bardor+Tulku+Rinpoche+has+been+directing+the+activities+of+Kunzang+Palchen+Ling%2C+guiding+Palchen+Study+Groups+nationwide%2C+overseeing+translation+projects+of+terma+texts+of+Terchen+Barway+Dorje+and+the+construction+of+the+new+facility+at+Kunzang+Palchen+Ling+that+is+an+implementation+of+his+vision+for+KPL.+Rinpoche+also+serves+as+an+adviser+for+Dharma+TV%2C+an+online+Buddhist+television+project.+%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.kunzang.org%2Fbiography%2F+Source+Kunzang.org%2C+Accessed+January+27%2C+2022.%5D
Bari+Lotsawa%2C++also+known+as+Rinchen+Drak%2C+was+the+second+throne+holder+of+Sakya+school+%28Tib.+Sakya+Trizin%29.+At+the+age+of+63%2C+he+retained+the+seat+of+Sakya+for+a+period+of+eight+years+%281102-1110%29.+He+is+one+of+the+main+lineage+figures+in+the+transmission+and+translation+of+the+White+Tara+practice+and+tantras+that+originate+from+the+Indian+master+Vagishvarakirti.+%28Source%3A+%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.rigpawiki.org%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DBari_Lotsawa+Rigpa+Wiki%5D%29 +
Mr.+Bryant+was+a+painter+and+musician+strongly+influenced+by+Tibetan+Buddhism.+In+1973+he+founded+the+Samaya+Foundation+in+Manhattan%2C+a+nonprofit+organization+dedicated+to+spreading+Tibetan+culture+in+the+United+States.+%28Samaya+is+the+Sanskrit+word+for+vow+or+commitment.%29%0A%0AIn+the+spring+of+1988%2C+the+foundation+brought+Tibetan+monks+to+New+York+City+from+the+Namgyal+monastery+in+India+to+create+the+Wheel+of+Time+sand+mandala+at+the+American+Museum+of+Natural+History.+The+mandala+--+a+large%2C+colorful%2C+circular+meditational+image+of+intricate+design+--+was+made+entirely+of+sand+painstakingly+poured+from+small+funnels.+It+took+over+two+weeks+to+complete%3B+it+was+then+ritually+destroyed%2C+its+contents+carried+in+procession+to+the+banks+of+the+Hudson+and+scattered+on+the+water.%0A%0AThe+mandala+was+recreated+in+other+cities+in+the+United+States+and+Europe+thereafter.+In+1993%2C+Mr.+Bryant+published+a+book%2C+%27%27The+Wheel+of+Time+Sand+Mandala%3A+Visual+Scripture+of+Tibetan+Buddhism%2C%27%27+to+which+the+Dalai+Lama+contributed+a+foreword.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1997%2F05%2F25%2Farts%2Fbarry-bryant-56-a-proponent-of-the-tibetan-buddhist-culture.html+Source+Accessed+Mar+22%2C+2023%5D%29 +
Dr.+Barry+Clark+is+the+only+Westerner+to+have+undergone+the+complete+theoretical+and+clinical+training+of+a+Tibetan+doctor.+For+almost+20+years%2C+he+has+studied%2C+practiced+and+taught+the+ancient+science+of+Tibetan+medicine.+His+primary+teacher+was+Dr.+Yeshe+Donden%2C+the+personal+physician+to+H.H.+the+Dalai+Lama+for+eighteen+years.+Dr.+Clark+now+lives+and+practices+in+New+Zealand%2C+and+frequently+teaches+and+gives+workshops+in+Europe%2C+North+America+and+SE+Asia.+%28Source%3A+%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.shambhala.com%2Fsnowlion_articles%2Fthe-quintessence-tantras-of-tibetan-medicine%2F+Shambhala+Publications%5D%29 +
Bataa+Mishig-Ish+serves+as+chairperson+of+the+Department+of+Religious+Studies+in+the+Institute+of+Philosophy+at+the+Mongolian+Academy+of+Sciences.+He+received+a+PhD+in+Asian+studies+from+Ritsumeikan+University+in+Japan+and+a+master%E2%80%99s+degree+in+Asian+religions+as+well+as+a+master%E2%80%99s+degree+in+political+science+from+the+University+of+Hawaii%2C+USA.+Bataa+also+had+a+monastic+educational+background+in+Gandantegchenling+and+Dashichoiling+monasteries+in+Ulaanbaatar%2C+Mongolia.+Earlier+in+his+career%2C+Mishig-Ish+was+an+associate+professor+at+the+National+Academy+of+Governance.+He+also+worked+as+a+senior+analyst+on+religious+and+cultural+affairs+for+the+National+Security+Council+of+Mongolia+and+served+as+an+advisor+on+religious+and+cultural+Affairs+to+the+President+of+Mongolia.+An+expert+on+government+and+religious+relations+in+Mongolia%2C+he+now+heads+the+Tritiya+Dharmachakra+Foundation+%28TDF%29+for+promoting+Buddhist+studies+and+research+works+in+Mongolia.+He+is+the+editor+of+several+publications+for+the+conferences+on+Buddhism+and+the+author+of+two+books+on+contemporary+Buddhism+in+Mongolia.+In+addition%2C+he+serves+as+director+of+the+board+of+trustees+of+Orgil+Secondary+School+in+Ulaanbaatar%2C+Mongolia.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.iclrs.org%2Fblurb%2Fmishigish-bataa%2F+Source+Accessed+Dec+16%2C+2024%5D%29 +
Christoph+Baumer+is+a+Swiss+scholar+and+explorer.+From+1984+onwards%2C+he+has+conducted+explorations+in+Central+Asia%2C+China+and+Tibet%2C+the+results+of+which+have+been+published+in+numerous+books%2C+scholarly+publications+and+radio+programs.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FChristoph_Baumer+Wikipedia%5D%29 +
Beatrice+Lane+Suzuki+was+the+American+wife+of+D.+T.+Suzuki%2C+the+well-known+philosopher%2C+Buddhist+scholar%2C+and+Zen+popularizer+in+the+West.+Her+name+is+familiar+to+few+Theosophists%2C+yet+she+played+an+important+role+in+Japanese+Theosophy.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.theosophical.org%2Fpublications%2Fquest-magazine%2F1254-beatrice-lane-suzuki-an-american-theosophist-in-japan+Source+Accessed+Sep+14%2C+2021%5D%29 +
Ben+Connelly+is+a+Soto+Zen+teacher+and+dharma+heir+in+the+Katagiri+lineage+based+at+Minnesota+Zen+Meditation+Center.+He+also+provides+secular+mindfulness+training+in+a+variety+of+contexts+including+police+training%2C+half-way+houses%2C+and+correctional+facilities%2C+and+is+a+professional+musician.+He+lives+in+Minneapolis%2C+Minnesota.+%28Source%3A+Amazon+Author+Page%29%0A%0ALearn+more+at+the+%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.mnzencenter.org%2Fteachers.html+Minnesota+Zen+Meditation+Center+website%5D.%0A%0AWatch+a+video+of+Ben+talking+about+his+book+%27%27Vasubandhu%E2%80%99s+Three+Natures%27%27%3A+%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DdBK5k17eYDw%E2%80%8B +
Benjamin+is+a+Belgian+national+who+holds+BA+and+MA+degrees+in+Buddhist+Studies+with+Himalayan+Language+from+Kathmandu+University.+He+has+been+teaching+classical+Tibetan+at+RYI+since+2008+and+has+both+managed+and+taught+on+several+Summer+Intensive+programs.+His+research+interests+include+Mahayana+Buddhist+philosophy%2C+Indian+and+Tibetan+teachings+on+Buddha+nature%2C+and+Vajrayana+practices.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.ryi.org%2Ffaculty%2Fbenjamin-collet-cassart+Source+Accessed+June+2%2C+2021%5D%29 +
Ben+Ewing+is+a+member+of+the+Dharmachakra+Translation+Committee+and+the+Subashita+Translation+Group.+He+completed+an+MA+thesis+from+Rangjung+Yeshe+Institute+entitled+%22The+Saraha+of+Tibet%3A+How+Mgur+Shaped+the+Legacy+of+Lingchen+Repa%2C+Tibetan+Siddha.%22 +
Born+on+6+January+1897+in+a+family+devoted+to+Sanskrit+learning%2C+Bhattacharyya+had+his+first+lessons+in+Sanskrit+with+his+father+Maha-mahopadhyaya+Haraprasad+Shastri-a+great+scholar+in+different+branches+of+Sanskrit+literature+and+an+ar%2Ctiquarian.+In+1919+he+took+a+first+class+M.A.+in+Sanskrit+from+Calcutta+University+and+in+1925+Ph.+D.%2C+the+first+such.+from+Dacca+University.+While+his+father+had+guided+him+through+the+different+branches+of+Sanskrit+literature%2C+young+Bhattacharyya+had+in+Professor+Alfred+Foucher+his+preceptor+in+matters+relating+to+ancient+art+forms+and+archaeology+of+India.+He+spent+some+years+studying+Sanskrit+manuscripts+in+Nepal.+While+just+thirty+he+made+his+mark+as+a+scholar+of+Tantra+and+Pratima.%0A%0AIn+1924+Maharaja+Sayaji+Rao+Gaekwad%2C+a+great+patron+of+learning+and+scholarship%2C+took+Bhattacharyya+to+Baroda+to+be+the+General+Editor+of+Gaekwad%27s+Oriental+Series+and+after+three+years+made+him+the+Director+of+Oriental+Institute.+Baroda.+As+the+General+Editor+of+the+Oriental+Series+and+the+Director+of+the+Oriental+Institute%2C+Bhattacharyya+showed+extraordinary+organizing+abilities+as+well+as+erudition.+Part+of+his+time+was+devoted+to+lectures+to+degree+students.+The+Gaekwad+recognized+his+merits+by+conferring+on+him+the+titles+of+Rajya+Ratna+and+Jnana+Jyoti.+He+retired+in+1952.%0A+%0AAmong+his+publications+are%3A+%27%27The+Indian+Buddhist+Iconography%27%27+%28Oxford+1924%3B+revised+edition+Calcutta+1958%29%3B+%27%27Sadhanamala%27%27+%28Vol.+I+Baroda+1925+and+Vol.+II+Baroda+1928%29%3B+%27%27Twn+Vajrayana+Works%27%27+%28Baroda+1929%29%3B+%27%27Guhyasamaja+Tantra%27%27+%28Baroda+1931%7D%3B+%27%27An+Introduction+to+Buddhist+Esoterism%27%27+%28Oxford+1932%29%3B+and+%27%27Nispannayogavali%27%27+%28Baroda+1949%29.%0A%0AIn+his+study+of+the+Tantras+Bhattacharyya+began+with+no+particular+sympathy+for+the+mystic+practices+and+rituals+as+is+evident+from+his+earlier+writings.+With+the+progress+of+his+studies+in+Brahmanical.+Jain+and+Buddhist+sources+he+came+to+an+acceptance+of+the+higher+values+of+the+Tantras.+While+he+was+among+the+first+to+assert+that+the+Hindu+Tantra+borrowed+much+from+the+Vajrayana+and+even+debased+many+Vajrayana+practices.+Bhattacharyya+very+firmly+held+that+later+Mahayana+pantheon+deliberately+and+consciously+incorporated+a+number+of+Hindu+deities.+From+medieval+Hindu+tradition+he+identified+the+Mahayana+deity+Prajna+with+the+Hindu+deity+Sakti.+He+was+as+firm+on+this+as+about+the+nomenclature+Ohyani+Buddha+being+ancient+and+correct.+%0A%0AThe+symposium+on+Tantras+opened+in+this+number+of+the+Bulletin+will+no+doubt+be+poorer+because+Bhattacharyya+can+no+longer+join+issue.+He+had+also+advised+us+to+organize+in+our+pages+a+probe+into+the+nomenclature+Dhyani+Buddha.+Namgyal+Institute+of+Tibetology+benefited+much+from+his+advice+regarding+identification+of+images+and+figures+on+scrolls.+The+publication+RGYAN-DRUG+MCHOG-GNYIS+had+his+guidance+as+our+next+publication+on+iconography+was+to+have+the+same.+%0A%0AIn+retirement+that+is+since+1+952+Bhattacharyya+spent+his+time+on+finding+remedies+and+systematic+cure+for+physical+and+mental+ailments+in+the+Tantric+lore.+A+large+number+of+difficult+cases+were+cured.+Bhattacharyya+c%21aimed+to+have+freely+used+Hindu+and+Buddhist.+Indian+and+Tibetan%2C+formulae+and+spells+He+published+some+books+on+tele-therapy%3A+The+Science+of+Tridosha+%28New+York+1951%29%2C+Gem+Therapy+%28Calcutta+1958%3A+1963%29.+and+Magnet+Dowsing+%28Calcutta+1960%29%2C+For+strictly+academic+class+he+wrote+a+paper+entitled+%22Scientific+Background+of+the+Buddhist+Tantras%22+in+Buddha+Jayanti+Special+Number+of+the+%27%27Indian+Historical+Quarterly%27%27+%28Calcutta+1956%29.%0A%0AAs+an+academician+of+highest+discipline+and+as+an+authority+on+Indian+esoteric+systems+and+iconography+Bhattacharyya+was+held+in+esteem+in+connected+circles+all+over+the+world.+Those+who+came+into+intimate+contact+with+him+found+him+more+a+Bodhisattva+than+a+Pandita.+%28%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Fhimalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk%2Fcollections%2Fjournals%2Fbot%2Fpdf%2Fbot_01_02_obituary.pdf+Source+Accessed+Feb+24%2C+2024%5D%29
Yael+Bentor+is+a+senior+lecturer+of+Indian+and+Tibetan+Studies+in+the+departments+of+Comparative+Religion+and+Asian+Studies+at+The+Hebrew+University+of+Jerusalem.++Her+current+research+interests+are+the+dynamics+of+the+evolution+of+tantric+traditions+in+Tibet+during+the+fourteenth+to+sixteenth+centuries%2C+focusing+on+the+creation+stage+of+the+Guhyasam%C4%81ja+Tantra.++She+is+the+author+%28with+Penpa+Dorjee%29+of+%5B%5BThe+Essence+of+the+Ocean+of+Attainments%5D%5D%3A+Explanation+of+the+Creation+Stage+of+the+Guhyasam%C4%81ja%2C+King+of+All+Tantras+%28AIBS%2C+2013%29+and+%5B%5BA+Classical+Tibetan+Reader%5D%5D%3A+Selections+from+Renowned+Works+with+Custom+Glossaries+%28Wisdom%2C+2013%29.+%28%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.as.huji.ac.il%2Fuser%2F287+Source%5D%29 +