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| {{Person
| | #REDIRECT[[Drukchen, 4th]][[Category:Redirects]] |
| |PersonType=Classical Tibetan Authors; Tulkus
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| |IsInGyatsa=No
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| |classification=People
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| }}
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| == Names ==
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| '''Tibetan:''' <span class=TibetanUnicode20>[[འབྲུག་ཆེན་པདྨ་དཀར་པོ་]]</span><br>
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| '''Wylie:'''<br>
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| *[[Pad+ma dkar po]]
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| *[['brug chen 04 pad+ma dkar po]]
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| *[[kun mkhyen padma dkar po]]
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| *ngag dbang nor bu, [['brug chen 04]]
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| *kun dga' rnam rgyal nor bu
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| *mi pham pad+ma dkar po phyogs las rnam par rgyal ba'i sde
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| *blo gsal dbang po
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| '''Other Transliterations in use:'''<br>
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| *<big>[[The Omniscient Padma Karpo]]</big>
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| *[['brug chen IV kun mkhyen padma dkar po]]
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| *[['Brug chen IV Padma dkar po]]
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| *[[Padma dkar po, 'Brug chen]]
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| *[[Padma Karpo]]
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| *[[Padmakarpo]]
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| == Dates ==
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| Born: 1527 kong po ral gsum/_kong po skyor. Ming mdzod: Mchims yul [http://tbrc.org/link?RID=P825 TBRC]<br>
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| Died: 1592<br>
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| == Affiliation ==
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| == Other Biographical Information ==
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| 1574 - byar gsang sngags chos gling - Founds monastery [http://tbrc.org/link?RID=P825 TBRC RID: P825]
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|
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| *List of writings at RyWiki: http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Pema_Karpo_Sungbum
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| Gene Smith [[Among Tibetan Texts]], page 81:<br>
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| C H A P T E R 6
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| Padma dkar po and His History of Buddhism
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| I. The Life and Times of Padma dkar po
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| PADMA DKAR PO was born in 1527 in Kong po in southern Tibet. He
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| was ultimately recognized as the rebirth of 'Jam dbyangs chos kyi
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| grags pa (1478-1523). The details of the political relationships within the 'Brug
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| pa sect are extremely complicated. The general outline is, however, fairly clear
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| and important in understanding why his famous history of Buddhism, the
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| 'Brug pa Bka' brgyud pa school in particular, was written.
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| Perhaps the most important development in Tibet during the fifteenth and
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| sixteenth centuries was the gradud acceptance of the priority of the rebirth
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| (yang srid) lineage over f a m i l i d claims in the transmission of accumulated
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| religious prestige and wealth. The previous pattern in Tibetan society was
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| one of religious aristocracy passing both religious and secular power from
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| father to son or from paternal uncle to nephew. The religious wars beginning
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| around the thirteenth century produced a new class of administrators who
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| were in origin ordinary monks. These monks readily abandoned their robes
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| and vows in the political interest of their sects. Gradually, this class evolved
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| into a new aristocracy, independent of their spiritud and tempord overlords
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| in d l but name. As these lords became more powerful, they sought a share of
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| the religious prestige. The complicated doctrine of incarnation (sprul sku) was
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| adapted gradudly to that of the yang srid, or recognized rebirth.
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| The 'Brug pa Bka' brgyud pa began with Gtsang pa Rgya ras Ye shes rdo
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| rje (1161-1211) of the clan of Rgya. This great meditative ascetic founded,
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| among others, the monasteries of G n am 'Brug Se ba Byang chub chos gling
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| and Rwa lung in Gtsang. The small cloister of Gnam 'Brug was founded by
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| Gtsang pa Rgya ras in 1189. Located in the upper part of the G n am vdley in
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| Dbus, it was inhabited until 1950 by about twenty nuns and four to five
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| monks. This monastery is also called Gnam phu 'Brug dgon. It is from this
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| Avalokiteśvara.
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| It is upon his model that the Fifth Dalai Lama based the theory that the Dalai
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| Lamas were incarnations of that bodhisattva. The 'Brug of Rwa lung were
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| merely attempting to reinforce the holiness of their family lineage by adapting
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| the idea of rebirth. The 217 years between the death of Gtsang pa Rgya
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| ras and the birth of Rgyal dbang rje were conveniently explained by the theory
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| that the rebirths had indeed occurred with in the 'Brug pa lineage but had
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| never been recognized.
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| Unfortunately, there was no mde birth in the 'Brug lineage for a number
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| of years after the death of Rgyal dbang rje. The family also suffered severe
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| political and military defeats that damaged its prestige. The abbots and important
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| monks eventually recognized the son of a prince of Bya in southern Tibet
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| as the immediate rebirth of Rgyal dbang rje. The little incarnation was given
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| the name of 'Jam dbyangs chos kyi grags pa. The 'Brug family ultimately recognized
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| him as the rebirth of Rgyal dbang rje but politely refused to invest
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| him with the religious holdings and property belonging to his previous
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| rebirth. Eventually the princess of Bya built the monastery of Bkra shis
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| mthong smon for the little lama. After the death of 'Jam dbyangs chos kyi
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| grags pa, monks found the rebirth in the house of a minor aristocrat of Kong
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| po, to the disappointment of both the families of Rwa lung and Bya. This
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| child, the sprul sku Ngag dbang nor bu, was to be the great Padma dkar po.
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| Padma dkar po was one of those rare renaissance men. The breadth of his
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| scholarship and learning invites comparison with the Fifth D d d Lama. It
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| was Padma dkar po who systematized the teaching of the 'Brug pa sect. It is
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| no wonder that the 'Brug pa Bka' brgyud pa always refer to him as Kun
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| mkhyen, the Omniscient, an epithet reserved for the greatest scholar of a sect.
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| Padma dkar po was a shrewd and occasionally ruthless politician. His autobiography
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| is one of the most important sources for the history of the sixteenth
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| century. Padma dkar po was a monk and insisted on adherence to the
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| vinaya rules for his monastic followers. H e dso held that in the administration
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| of church affairs the claims of the rebirth and the monastic scholar took
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| priority over those of the scion of a revered lineage. Although he preached
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| often at both Rwa lung and Bkra shis mthong smon, the seats of his two
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| immediate predecessors, he never exercised actud control over these monasteries
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| and their estates. H e founded his monastery at Gsang sngags chos gling
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| in Byar po, north of Mon Rta dbang, which became the seat o f the subsequent
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| Rgyal dbang 'Brug pa incarnation. The Northern 'Brug pa recognize the following
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| list of Rgyal dbang Brug chen incarnations:
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| *1. Gtsang pa Rgya ras Ye shes rdo rje (1161-1211)
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| *2. Rgyal ba'i dbang po Kun dpal 'byor (1428-76)
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| *3. 'Jam dbyangs chos kyi grags pa (1478-1523)
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| *4. Kun mkhyen Padma dkar po alias Ngag dbang nor bu (1527-92)
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| *5. Dpag bsam dbang po (1593-1641)
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| *6. Mi pham dbang po (1641-1717)
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| *7. Bka' brgyud 'phrin las shing rta (1718-66)
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| *8. Kun gzigs chos kyi snang ba (1768-1822)
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| *9. 'Jigs med mi 'gyur dbang rgyal (1823-83)
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| *10. 'Jigs med mi pham chos dbang (1884-1930)
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| *10a. A dzom 'Brug pa 'Gro 'dul dpa' bo rdo rje (1885-1924?)
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| *11. Bstan 'dzin Mkhyen rab Dge legs dbang po (1931-60)
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| *12. 'Jigs med dbang gi rdo rje (1963-)
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| Padma dkar po died in 1592. The recognition of his rebirth was the subject
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| of a bitter dispute; the majority of the monks advocated for the son of the
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| prince o f 'Phyong rgyas, while the house of Rwa lung and their supporters laid
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| claim on behdf of the heir of 'Brug. The long and heated struggle led to a
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| decision by the Sde srid Gtsang pa in favor of the 'Phyongs rgyas candidate,
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| Dpag bsam dbang po (1593-1641), and the flight to Bhutan in 1616 of the
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| Rwa lung candidate, Zhabs drung Ngag dbang rnam rgyal (1594-1651)."
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| == Main Students ==
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| == Main Teachers ==
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| == Quotes ==
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| == Writings About {{PAGENAME}} ==
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| == Writings ==
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| {{Footer}}
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| [[Category:Drukchens]] | |