|
|
(3 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) |
Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{Person
| | #REDIRECT[[Drukchen, 4th]][[Category:Redirects]] |
| |PersonType=Classical Tibetan Authors
| |
| }}
| |
| == Names ==
| |
| '''Tibetan:''' <span class=TibetanUnicode20>[[འབྲུག་ཆེན་པདྨ་དཀར་པོ་]]</span><br>
| |
| '''Wylie:'''<br>
| |
| *[[Pad+ma dkar po]]
| |
| *[['brug chen 04 pad+ma dkar po]]
| |
| *[[kun mkhyen padma dkar po]]
| |
| *ngag dbang nor bu, [['brug chen 04]]
| |
| *kun dga' rnam rgyal nor bu
| |
| *mi pham pad+ma dkar po phyogs las rnam par rgyal ba'i sde
| |
| *blo gsal dbang po
| |
| | |
| '''Other Transliterations in use:'''<br>
| |
| *<big>[[The Omniscient Padma Karpo]]</big>
| |
| *[['brug chen IV kun mkhyen padma dkar po]]
| |
| *[['Brug chen IV Padma dkar po]]
| |
| *[[Padma dkar po, 'Brug chen]]
| |
| *[[Padma Karpo]]
| |
| *[[Padmakarpo]]
| |
| | |
| == Dates ==
| |
| Born: 1527 kong po ral gsum/_kong po skyor. Ming mdzod: Mchims yul [http://tbrc.org/link?RID=P825 TBRC]<br>
| |
| Died: 1592<br>
| |
| == Affiliation ==
| |
| | |
| == Other Biographical Information ==
| |
| 1574 - byar gsang sngags chos gling - Founds monastery [http://tbrc.org/link?RID=P825 TBRC RID: P825]
| |
|
| |
| *List of writings at RyWiki: http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Pema_Karpo_Sungbum
| |
| | |
| Gene Smith [[Among Tibetan Texts]], page 81:<br>
| |
| | |
| C H A P T E R 6
| |
| | |
| Padma dkar po and His History of Buddhism
| |
| | |
| I. The Life and Times of Padma dkar po
| |
| | |
| PADMA DKAR PO was born in 1527 in Kong po in southern Tibet. He
| |
| was ultimately recognized as the rebirth of 'Jam dbyangs chos kyi
| |
| grags pa (1478-1523). The details of the political relationships within the 'Brug
| |
| pa sect are extremely complicated. The general outline is, however, fairly clear
| |
| and important in understanding why his famous history of Buddhism, the
| |
| 'Brug pa Bka' brgyud pa school in particular, was written.
| |
| Perhaps the most important development in Tibet during the fifteenth and
| |
| sixteenth centuries was the gradud acceptance of the priority of the rebirth
| |
| (yang srid) lineage over f a m i l i d claims in the transmission of accumulated
| |
| religious prestige and wealth. The previous pattern in Tibetan society was
| |
| one of religious aristocracy passing both religious and secular power from
| |
| father to son or from paternal uncle to nephew. The religious wars beginning
| |
| around the thirteenth century produced a new class of administrators who
| |
| were in origin ordinary monks. These monks readily abandoned their robes
| |
| and vows in the political interest of their sects. Gradually, this class evolved
| |
| into a new aristocracy, independent of their spiritud and tempord overlords
| |
| in d l but name. As these lords became more powerful, they sought a share of
| |
| the religious prestige. The complicated doctrine of incarnation (sprul sku) was
| |
| adapted gradudly to that of the yang srid, or recognized rebirth.
| |
| The 'Brug pa Bka' brgyud pa began with Gtsang pa Rgya ras Ye shes rdo
| |
| rje (1161-1211) of the clan of Rgya. This great meditative ascetic founded,
| |
| among others, the monasteries of G n am 'Brug Se ba Byang chub chos gling
| |
| and Rwa lung in Gtsang. The small cloister of Gnam 'Brug was founded by
| |
| Gtsang pa Rgya ras in 1189. Located in the upper part of the G n am vdley in
| |
| Dbus, it was inhabited until 1950 by about twenty nuns and four to five
| |
| monks. This monastery is also called Gnam phu 'Brug dgon. It is from this
| |
| Avalokiteśvara.
| |
| | |
| It is upon his model that the Fifth Dalai Lama based the theory that the Dalai
| |
| Lamas were incarnations of that bodhisattva. The 'Brug of Rwa lung were
| |
| merely attempting to reinforce the holiness of their family lineage by adapting
| |
| the idea of rebirth. The 217 years between the death of Gtsang pa Rgya
| |
| ras and the birth of Rgyal dbang rje were conveniently explained by the theory
| |
| that the rebirths had indeed occurred with in the 'Brug pa lineage but had
| |
| never been recognized.
| |
| | |
| Unfortunately, there was no mde birth in the 'Brug lineage for a number
| |
| of years after the death of Rgyal dbang rje. The family also suffered severe
| |
| political and military defeats that damaged its prestige. The abbots and important
| |
| monks eventually recognized the son of a prince of Bya in southern Tibet
| |
| as the immediate rebirth of Rgyal dbang rje. The little incarnation was given
| |
| the name of 'Jam dbyangs chos kyi grags pa. The 'Brug family ultimately recognized
| |
| him as the rebirth of Rgyal dbang rje but politely refused to invest
| |
| him with the religious holdings and property belonging to his previous
| |
| rebirth. Eventually the princess of Bya built the monastery of Bkra shis
| |
| mthong smon for the little lama. After the death of 'Jam dbyangs chos kyi
| |
| grags pa, monks found the rebirth in the house of a minor aristocrat of Kong
| |
| po, to the disappointment of both the families of Rwa lung and Bya. This
| |
| child, the sprul sku Ngag dbang nor bu, was to be the great Padma dkar po.
| |
| Padma dkar po was one of those rare renaissance men. The breadth of his
| |
| scholarship and learning invites comparison with the Fifth D d d Lama. It
| |
| was Padma dkar po who systematized the teaching of the 'Brug pa sect. It is
| |
| no wonder that the 'Brug pa Bka' brgyud pa always refer to him as Kun
| |
| mkhyen, the Omniscient, an epithet reserved for the greatest scholar of a sect.
| |
| Padma dkar po was a shrewd and occasionally ruthless politician. His autobiography
| |
| is one of the most important sources for the history of the sixteenth
| |
| century. Padma dkar po was a monk and insisted on adherence to the
| |
| vinaya rules for his monastic followers. H e dso held that in the administration
| |
| of church affairs the claims of the rebirth and the monastic scholar took
| |
| priority over those of the scion of a revered lineage. Although he preached
| |
| often at both Rwa lung and Bkra shis mthong smon, the seats of his two
| |
| immediate predecessors, he never exercised actud control over these monasteries
| |
| and their estates. H e founded his monastery at Gsang sngags chos gling
| |
| in Byar po, north of Mon Rta dbang, which became the seat o f the subsequent
| |
| Rgyal dbang 'Brug pa incarnation. The Northern 'Brug pa recognize the following
| |
| list of Rgyal dbang Brug chen incarnations:
| |
| | |
| *1. Gtsang pa Rgya ras Ye shes rdo rje (1161-1211)
| |
| *2. Rgyal ba'i dbang po Kun dpal 'byor (1428-76)
| |
| *3. 'Jam dbyangs chos kyi grags pa (1478-1523)
| |
| *4. Kun mkhyen Padma dkar po alias Ngag dbang nor bu (1527-92)
| |
| *5. Dpag bsam dbang po (1593-1641)
| |
| *6. Mi pham dbang po (1641-1717)
| |
| *7. Bka' brgyud 'phrin las shing rta (1718-66)
| |
| *8. Kun gzigs chos kyi snang ba (1768-1822)
| |
| *9. 'Jigs med mi 'gyur dbang rgyal (1823-83)
| |
| *10. 'Jigs med mi pham chos dbang (1884-1930)
| |
| *10a. A dzom 'Brug pa 'Gro 'dul dpa' bo rdo rje (1885-1924?)
| |
| *11. Bstan 'dzin Mkhyen rab Dge legs dbang po (1931-60)
| |
| *12. 'Jigs med dbang gi rdo rje (1963-)
| |
| | |
| Padma dkar po died in 1592. The recognition of his rebirth was the subject
| |
| of a bitter dispute; the majority of the monks advocated for the son of the
| |
| prince o f 'Phyong rgyas, while the house of Rwa lung and their supporters laid
| |
| claim on behdf of the heir of 'Brug. The long and heated struggle led to a
| |
| decision by the Sde srid Gtsang pa in favor of the 'Phyongs rgyas candidate,
| |
| Dpag bsam dbang po (1593-1641), and the flight to Bhutan in 1616 of the
| |
| Rwa lung candidate, Zhabs drung Ngag dbang rnam rgyal (1594-1651)."
| |
| | |
| == Main Students ==
| |
| | |
| == Main Teachers ==
| |
| | |
| == Quotes ==
| |
| | |
| == Writings About {{PAGENAME}} ==
| |
| | |
| == Writings ==
| |
| {{Footer}}
| |