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Ingrid McLeod earned a B.A. in Psychology. She completed two three-year retreats at Kagyu Ling France, her first from 1976–1980, and her second from 1980–1983. She was resident lama at Montreal Dharma Center from 1985–1987. She is a founding member and coordinator of Kalu Rinoche's International Translation Group. And she was a Tsadra Foundation fellow from 2001 to 2008. Completed Projects as a Tsadra Foundation Fellow * ''The Treasury of Knowledge: Book VI, Part 4; Systems of Buddhist Tantra'', Jamgön Kongtrul (with Elio Guarisco) * ''The Treasury of Knowledge: Book VIII, Part 3; The Elements of Tantric Practice'', Jamgön Kongtrul (with Elio Guarisco) Previously Published Translations (with participation of Kalu Rinpoche’s Translation Group) * ''The Treasury of Knowledge: Book I; Myriad Worlds'', Jamgön Kongtrul * ''The Treasury of Knowledge: Book V; Buddhist Ethics'', Jamgön Kongtrul  +
Irina Fyodorovna Popova is Head of the Department of Manuscripts and Documents at the IOM RAS, Professor, Doctor of Sciences (equiv. Habilitation) - History, and corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 1983, graduated from the Oriental Faculty of the Leningrad (St. Petersburg) State University with a degree in History of China. In 1986, completed postgraduate studies at the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (now the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences) under the guidance of Professor A.S. Martynov. In 1986, joined the staff of the Leningrad Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences as a Junior Researcher; in 1997–2003, worked as a Researcher and Academic Secretary of the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies, RAS. Since April 10, 2003 – Director of the St. Petersburg Branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences / Institute of Oriental Manuscripts, RAS (in 2007–2009 – Director-Organizer of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences). 1988 – Ph.D. Thesis subject: “Rules for Emperors" (Di fan) by Tang Taizong as a Source on the Chinese Political Thought of the Early 7th Century”. 2000 – Dr. of Hist. Thesis subject: “The Theory of the State Rulership in the Early Tang China”. Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2019). Member of the Council for Science and Education under the President of the Russian Federation (2020). Professor at St. Petersburg State University, Honorary Professor of Lanzhou University, Ningxia University, Shandong University, Peoples’ University of China (Beijing), Shaanxi Normal University (Xi’an), Honorary Doctor of the Institute of History of the Academy of Sciences of China. The main fields of research: history and historiography of China; political ideology, governance, administrative system and military policy of Medieval China; Dunhuang Studies; textual criticism; history of Oriental Studies; bibliography. Author of more than 200 academic works, including 9 monographs (5 of them are collective); editor of 19 collected works; Editor-in-Chief of academic periodicals: “Pis'mennye pamiatniki Vostoka” (in Russian), “Strany i narody Vostoka” (“Countries and Peoples of the Orient”), “Written Monuments of the Orient” (English version); Deputy Chair of the Editorial Board of the academic series “Pamiatniki pismennosti Vostoka” (“Written Monuments in the Oriental Scripts”). Member of the editorial boards of Russian and foreign academic periodicals, including “Turfan Studies” (“Tulufan yanju”, China), “Study of the Documents in the Chinese Minorities Scripts” (“Minzu guji yanju”, China), “Studia Orientalia Slovaca” (Comenius University, Bratislava), etc. ([http://www.orientalstudies.ru/eng/index.php?option=com_personalities&Itemid=74&person=41 Source Accessed Apr 12, 2022])  
Irmgard Mengele received her PhD from the University of Hamburg. Her translation of Sherab Gyatso’s biography of Gendun Chopel entitled ''dGe’-‘dun-chos-‘phel: A Biography of the 20th-Century Tibetan Scholar'' was published by Library of Tibetan Works and Archives in 1999. She is also the author of ''Riding a Huge Wave of Karma: The Turbulent Life of the Tenth KarmaPa'' (Vajra Publications 2012). She currently teaches at the University of California, Santa Barbara.  +
Isaac Jacob Schmidt (October 4, 1779 – August 27, 1847) was an Orientalist specializing in Mongolian and Tibetan. Schmidt was a Moravian missionary to the Kalmyks and devoted much of his labours to Bible translation. Born in Amsterdam, he spent much of his career in St. Petersburg as a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He published the first grammar and dictionary of Mongolian, as well as a grammar and dictionary of Tibetan. He also translated Sanang Sechen's Erdeni-yin tobči into German, and several Geser Khan epics into Russian and German. His works are regarded as ground-breaking for the establishment of Mongolian and Tibetan studies. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Jacob_Schmidt Source Accessed Aug 24, 2023])  +
Isaline Blew Horner (30 March 1896 – 25 April 1981), usually cited as I. B. Horner, was an English Indologist, a leading scholar of Pali literature and late president of the Pali Text Society (1959–1981). On 30 March 1896 Horner was born in Walthamstow in Essex, England. Horner was a first cousin once removed of the British Theravada monk Ajahn Amaro. In 1917, at the University of Cambridge's women's college Newnham College, Horner was awarded the title of a B.A. in moral sciences. After her undergraduate studies, Horner remained at Newnham College, becoming in 1918 an assistant librarian and then, in 1920, acting librarian. In 1921, Horner traveled to Ceylon (Sri Lanka), India and Burma where she was first introduced to Buddhism, its literature and related languages. In 1923, Horner returned to England where she accepted a Fellowship at Newnham College and became its librarian. In 1928, she became the first Sarah Smithson Research Fellow in Pali Studies. In 1930, she published her first book, ''Women Under Primitive Buddhism''. In 1933, she edited her first volume of Pali text, the third volume of the ''Papancasudani'' (Majjhima Nikaya commentary). In 1934, Horner was awarded the title of an M.A. from Cambridge. From 1939 to 1949, she served on Cambridge's Governing Body. From 1926 to 1959, Horner lived and traveled with her companion "Elsie," Dr. Eliza Marian Butler (1885–1959). ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaline_Blew_Horner Source Accessed Apr 22, 2020])  +
[Isidro Gordi] was born in Mollet del Vallés (Barcelona) in 1954. A pacifist from a very young age, he was one of the first conscientious objectors in Spain, which is why he suffered exile from 1973 to 1977. During this time he traveled throughout Europe, landing for a long period of time in Greece, whose culture and customs captivated him and aroused his “appetite for the East”. He returned to Spain thanks to the pardon granted after Franco's death. Nostalgic for the Greek islands, in 1979, he settled in Menorca where his first encounter with a Tibetan Master, Lama Orgyen, an expert in Buddhist rituals, took place with whom he took refuge. From those days he became a student of Tibetan Buddhism, a tireless seeker of the teaching that will already be an integral part of his life. Together with his wife, Marta Moll, became one of the pioneers of Buddhism in Spain, deploying its dissemination work through Ediciones Amara , a publishing house specializing in Buddhist philosophy. In Menorca, in 1980, he created the Dharma Institute under the guidance of Venerable Geshe Kelsang Gyatso, a resident of England and abbot at the time of the Manjushri Institute. His wish was to establish a study center where the Buddhist Dharma could be made known with rigor and seriousness. Determined to have the best means to do so, Isidro invites Venerable Geshe Tamding Gyatso as Master resident in Menorca(1927-2002) exiled at that time in India. After a long legal process, Geshe Tamding Gyatso arrived on the island in 1987. That endearing old man would not only become the Master of the Heart of Isidro and Marta, but also almost a grandfather to his children Shanti and Amara who practically saw him daily. During twelve very intense years Isidro received the nectar of the Dharma from the mouth of Geshe Tamding Gyatso , who was one of the most learned Geshes of the famous Ganden monastery. ([https://escuelalaicadebudismoymeditacion.es/index.php/quienes-somos/isidro-gordi Source Accessed Mar 19, 2021])  
Ivan Pavlovich Minayev, or Minayeff, was the first Russian Indologist whose disciples included Serge Oldenburg, F. Th. Stcherbatsky, and Dmitry Kudryavsky. As a student of Vasily Vasiliev at the University of Saint Petersburg, he developed an interest in Pali literature and went abroad to prepare a catalogue of Pali manuscripts at the British Museum and the Bibliothèque Nationale (still unpublished). His Russian-language Pali grammar (1872) was soon translated into French (1874) and English (1882). Minayev's magnum opus, ''Buddhism: Untersuchungen und Materialien'', was printed in 1887. . . . As a member of the Russian Geographical Society he travelled in India and Burma and Nepal in 1874–75, 1880, and 1885–86. His travel journals were published in English in 1958 and 1970. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Minayev Source Accessed Mar 1, 2021])  +
Ives Waldo (Rime Lodro Waldo) studied with Trungpa Rinpoche from 1970 to 1988, and was trained in Tibetan translation as a member of the Nalanda Translation Committee, of which he is still a member. He participated in the translations of ''The Rain of Wisdom, The Life of Marpa'', and many liturgical texts. He has also recently worked on ''The Life of Tilopa''. ([http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Ives_Waldo Source Accessed Sept 18, 2020])  +
Ivette Vargas is Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at Austin College. Vargas earned her doctorate from Harvard University in 2003 with the dissertation "Falling to Pieces, Emerging Whole: Suffering Illness and Healing Renunciation in the Dge slong rna Dpal mo Tradition." She has done extensive fieldwork in Tibet with a focus on the intersection of medicine, healing, and religion and published chapters in ''A Communion of Subjects: Animals in Religion, Science, and Ethics'' (Columbia University Press 2006) and ''Teaching Religion and Healing'' (Oxford University Press 2006). (Source: ''As Long as Space Endures'', 478)  +
Izumi Miyazaki is a professor in the Graduate School of Letters, Department of Literature, Kyoto University. He holds a master's and doctoral degree from Kyoto University and his research Interests include Tibetan Buddhism and Indian Buddhism.  +
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J.F. Marc des Jardins joined Concordia in 2005 as Assistant Professor after completing a postdoctoral degree on Conflict Resolutions at the Institute of Asian Research at The University of British Columbia. He teaches courses on the various Buddhist traditions (Indian, Tibetan, Chinese, Japanese and South Asian) as well as Chinese Popular Cults, Daoism and Tibetan religions. His research focuses on the Tibetan Bön religion and local societies and he has been actively engaged in field-based research along the Sino-Tibetan borderlands since 1991. Dr. des Jardins combines anthropological field methods with textual analysis and historiography. He has recently published a monograph entitled ''Le sûtra de la Mahâmâyûrî: rituel et politique dans la Chine des Tang (618-907)'' (Presse de l'Université Laval 2011) which is a study and translation of a key Chinese Buddhist grimoire important in the history of esoterism in Buddhism. In this work, he illustrates how Chinese indigenous cultural and political traditions were highly compatible with the Buddhist ritual traditions of Medieval India. In 2011, Dr. des Jardins was promoted to the rank of Associate Professor, and is currently working on different translation and research projects on the indigenous Bön Research which seeks to promote and support scientific research on indigenous Tibetan cultural and social traditions. ([https://www.concordia.ca/faculty/marc-des-jardins.html Source Accessed Nov 20, 2023])  +
Jaakko Takkinen is a PhD candidate in Religious Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara. His areas of interest include Buddhist Studies, Tibetan Studies, Tibetan Buddhism and Medicine. He received an MA in South Asian Studies from the University of Helsinki in 2010 and a BA in South Asian Studies and Social and Cultural Anthropology from the University of Helsinki in 2008. Jaakko is currently working on a project entitled "Globalizing Tibetan Medicine through Buddhist Tantra – The Yutok Nyingtig Tradition in Contemporary Tibetan Medical Training." ([https://www.religion.ucsb.edu/people/student/jaakko-takkinen/ Adapted from Source June 9, 2021]).  +
Jack Kornfield trained as a Buddhist monk in the monasteries of Thailand, India and Burma. He has taught meditation internationally since 1974 and is one of the key teachers to introduce Buddhist mindfulness practice to the West. After graduating from Dartmouth College in Asian Studies in 1967 he joined the Peace Corps and worked on tropical medicine teams in the Mekong River valley. He met and studied as a monk under the Buddhist master Ven. Ajahn Chah, as well as the Ven. Mahasi Sayadaw of Burma. Returning to the United States, Jack co-founded the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, Massachusetts, with fellow meditation teachers Sharon Salzberg and Joseph Goldstein and the Spirit Rock Center in Woodacre, California. Over the years, Jack has taught in centers and universities worldwide, led International Buddhist Teacher meetings, and worked with many of the great teachers of our time. He holds a Ph.D. in clinical psychology and is a father, husband and activist. His books have been translated into 20 languages and sold more than a million copies. They include, ''A Wise Heart: A Guide to the Universal Teachings of Buddhist Psychology''; ''A Path with Heart''; ''After the Ecstasy, the Laundry''; ''Teachings of the Buddha''; ''Seeking the Heart of Wisdom''; ''Living Dharma''; ''A Still Forest Pool''; ''Stories of the Spirit, Stories of the Heart''; ''Buddha's Little Instruction Book''; ''The Art of Forgiveness, Lovingkindness and Peace''; ''Bringing Home the Dharma: Awakening Right Where You Are''; and his most recent book, ''No Time Like the Present: Finding Freedom, Love, and Joy Right Where You Are''. ([https://jackkornfield.com/bio/ Source Accessed March 6, 2020]) ===Teachings on Buddha-nature=== * Awakening to Your Buddha Nature: https://www.spiritrock.org/buddha-nature * Finding Buddha Nature in the Midst of Difficulty Meditation: https://jackkornfield.com/finding-buddha-nature-in-the-midst-of-difficulty/ * Your Buddha Nature: Teachings on the Ten Perfections: https://www.soundstrue.com/store/your-buddha-nature-507.html  
John R. "Jack" Miles (born July 30, 1942) is an American author. He is a winner of the Pulitzer Prize, a Guggenheim Fellowship, and the MacArthur Fellowship. His writings on religion, politics, and culture have appeared in numerous national publications, including ''The Atlantic Monthly'', ''The New York Times'', ''The Boston Globe'', ''The Washington Post'', ''Los Angeles Times'', and ''Commonweal Magazine''. Miles treats his biblical subjects neither as transcendent deities nor historical figures, but as literary protagonists. His first book, ''God: A Biography'', won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography in 1996, and has been translated into sixteen languages. His second book ''Christ: A Crisis in the Life of God'', was named a New York Times Notable Book of 2002. Miles is general editor of the Norton Anthology of World Religions (November 2014). Miles' book ''God in the Qur'an'' was published in 2018, the third in his God in Three Classic Scriptures series. Miles' current book is ''Religion as We Know It: An Origin Story'', (Nov. 12, 2019) which examines when religion became a distinct area of thought. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Miles Source Accessed May 11, 2021])  +
Jacob Ensink was born in Hilversum on June 5, 1921. He earned his PhD from Utrecht University under the supervision of Jan Gonda in 1952. From 1954-1961 he was lecturer in Sanskrit at Groningen University. And from 1962-1984 he was professor of Sanskrit at the same institution. He became emeritus professor in 1984. ([https://www.dutchstudies-satsea.nl/deelnemers/ensink-jacob-jaap/ Adapted from Source Mar 23, 2021])  +
Jacob Dalton, Professor and Khyentse Foundation Distinguished Professor of Tibetan Buddhism, received his Ph.D. in Buddhist Studies from the University of Michigan in 2002. After working for three years (2002-05) as a researcher with the International Dunhuang Project at the British Library, he taught at Yale University (2005-2008) before moving to Berkeley. He works on Nyingma religious history, tantric ritual, early Tibetan paleography, and the Dunhuang manuscripts. He is the author of The Taming of the Demons: Violence and Liberation in Tibetan Buddhism (Yale University Press, 2011) and Through the Eyes of the Compendium of Intentions: The History of a Tibetan Ritual Tradition (Columbia University Press, under review), and co-author of Tibetan Tantric Manuscripts from Dunhuang: A Descriptive Catalogue of the Stein Collection at the British Library (Brill, 2006). He is currently working on a study of tantric ritual in the Dunhuang manuscripts. ([https://ealc.berkeley.edu/people/dalton-jacob Source: UC Berkeley])  +
Jacob Samuel Speyer (b. Amsterdam, December 20, 1849 - d. Leiden, November 2, 1913) was a Dutch linguist and philologist. Speyer was best known as a researcher, text editor, and translator of Sanskrit. He achieved international fame with his main work ''Sanskrit Syntax'' (1886). Speyer was born in Amsterdam and studied in Amsterdam and Leiden, where he graduated in December 1872 on a thesis about Hindu birth rituals. In 1877 he was appointed professor of Sanskrit at the Municipality of Amsterdam and in 1889 professor of Latin at the University of Groningen. In the same year he became a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. From 1902 to 1903 he was the ''rector magnificus'' of the University of Groningen. After the end of his rectorship in 1903, he switched to the University of Leiden, where he succeeded Hendrik Kern as professor of Sanskrit. Speyer wrote and lectured not only on Latin and Sanskrit, but on a multitude of subjects in the fields of linguistics, literature, anthropology, philosophy, and religion of Classical Antiquity and the Orient. He died in Leiden. ([https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob_Speyer Source Accessed Apr 23, 2021]  +
Jacqueline Abdalla is the author of "An Examination of the Historical Context of the Life of Sāntideva" in the book ''Śāntideva and Bodhicaryāvatāra: Images, Interpretations, Reflections'' (Eastern Book Linkers, 2013).  +
Jacqueline Stone joined the Princeton faculty in 1990. She teaches graduate and undergraduate courses in Buddhism and Japanese religions. Her chief research field is Japanese Buddhism of the medieval and modern periods. Her current research areas include death and dying in Buddhist cultures, Buddhism and nationalism, and traditions of the ''Lotus Sutra'', particularly Tendai and Nichiren. She is the author of ''Original Enlightenment and the Transformation of Medieval Japanese Buddhism'', which received a 2001 American Academy of Religion Award for Excellence in the Study of Religion. She has co-edited ''The Buddhist Dead: Practices, Discourses, Representations'' (with Bryan J. Cuevas, 2007), ''Readings of the Lotus Sutra'' (with Stephen F. Teiser, 2009), and other volumes of collected essays. Her newest book, ''Right Thoughts at the Last Moment: Buddhism and Deathbed Practices in Early Medieval Japan'' (working title), is forthcoming from University of Hawai`i Press. She has been president of the Society for the Study of Japanese Religions and co-chair of the Buddhism section of the American Academy of Religion. Currently she is vice president of the editorial board of the Kuroda Institute for the Study of Buddhism and serves on the advisory board of the ''Japanese Journal of Religious Studies''. ([https://religion.princeton.edu/people/faculty/core-faculty/jacqueline-stone/ Source Accessed Aug 6, 2020])  +
Jacques Bacot (4 July 1877 – 18 June 1965) was an explorer and pioneering French Tibetologist. He travelled extensively in India, western China, and the Tibetan border regions. He worked at the École pratique des hautes études. Bacot was the first western scholar to study the Tibetan grammatical tradition, and along with F. W. Thomas (1867–1956) belonged to the first generation of scholars to study the Old Tibetan Dunhuang manuscripts. Bacot made frequent use of Tibetan informants. He acquired aid from Gendün Chöphel in studying Dunhuang manuscripts. ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Bacot Source Accessed Dec 7, 2023])  +