Jingying Huiyuan

PersonType	Category:Classical Chinese Authors Category:Ordained (Monks and Nuns)
MainNamePhon	Jingying Huiyuan
MainNameChi	淨影慧遠
YearBirth	523
YearDeath	592
BornIn	Dunhuang
IsInGyatsa	No
BnwShortPersonBio	Jingying Huiyuan. (J. Jōyō Eon; K. Chǒngyǒng Hyewǒn ) (523-592). Chinese monk and putative Di l u n exegete during the Sui dynasty. Huiyuan was a native of D u n h u a n g . At an early age, he entered the monastery of Guxiangusi in Zezhou (present-day Shanxi province) where he was ordained by the monk Sengsi (d.U.). Huiyuan later studied various scriptures under the v in a y a master Lizhan (d.u.) in Ye, the capital of the Eastern Wei dynasty. In his nineteenth year, Huiyuan received the full monastic precepts from Fashang (495-580), ecclesiastical head of the sa m g h a at the time, and became his disciple. Huiyuan also began his training in the D h a r m a g u p t a k a “Four-Part Vinaya” ( S ifhn l ü ) under the vinaya master Dayin (d.u.). After he completed his studies, Huiyuan moved back to Zezhou and began his residence at the monastery Qinghuasi. In 577, Emperor Wu (r. 560-578) of Northern Zhou began a systematic persecution of Buddhism, and in response, Huiyuan is said to have engaged the emperor in debate; a transcript of the debate, in which Huiyuan defends Buddhism against criticisms of its foreign origins and its neglect of filial piety, is still extant. As the persecution continued, Huiyuan retreated to Mt. Xi in Jijun (present-day Henan province). Shortly after the rise of the Sui dynasty, Huiyuan was summoned by Emperor Wen (r. 581-604) to serve as overseer of the samgha (shamendu) in Luozhou (present-day Henan). He subsequently spent his time undoing the damage of the earlier persecution. Huiyuan was later asked by Emperor Wen to reside at the monastery of Daxingshansi in the capital. The emperor also built Huiyuan a new monastery named Jingyingsi, which is often used as his toponym to distinguish him from L u s h a n H u iy u a n . Jingying Huiyuan was a prolific writer who composed numerous commentaries on such texts as the A v a t a m sa k a sü t r a , M a h ä p a r in ir v ä n a sü t r a , V im a l a k īr t in ir d f ś a , S u k h ã v a t īv y ū h a sü t r a , S rIm ä l ä d e v Isim h a n ä d a sü t r a , S h id i jin g
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The disciples of the Buddha who aspire to attain individual liberation or nirvāṇa. The final goal of the Hearers is to become an arhat, a state in which one has totally eliminated the inner problems of attachment, hatred and ignorance, the main causes for rebirth in this cycle of existence. There are four stages of a śrāvaka path including eight phases.

Vinaya refers to the corpus of Buddhist teachings on moral discipline and precepts and is one of the three canonical sets of teachings alongside Sūtra and Abhidharma. It also refers to the monastic tradition which has been passed down since the Buddha's time until our time.