Edit GlossaryEntry: Pāramitā

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Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism	In Sanskrit, “perfection,” a virtue or quality developed and practiced by a bodhisattva on the path to becoming a buddha. The term is paranomastically glossed by some traditional commentators as “gone beyond” or “gone to the other side” (see pāra) , although it seems in fact to derive from Skt. parama, meaning “highest” or “supreme.” The best-known enumeration of the perfections is a group of six: giving (dāna), morality (śIla), patience or forbearance (kṣänti), effort (vIrya), concentration (dhyāna), and wisdom (prajnā). There are also lists of ten perfections. In the Mahāyāna (specifically in the Daśabhūmikasūtra), the list of ten includes the preceding six, to which are added method (upāya), vow (pranidhāna), power (bala), and knowledge (jnäna), with the explanation that the bodhisattva practices the perfections in this order on each of the ten bodhisattva stages or grounds (bhūmi). Thus, giving is perfected on the first bhümi, morality on the second, and so on. In Päli sources, where the perfections are called pãramī, the ten perfections are giving (dāna), morality (śIla), renunciation (nekkhamma; S. naiskramya) , wisdom (paññā), effort (viriya), patience (kṣänti), truthfulness (sacca; S. satya), determination (adhitthāna; S. adhisthāna), loving- kindness (mettā; S. maitri), and equanimity (upekkhā; S. upeksā). The practice of these perfections over the course of the many lifetimes of the bodhisattva’s path eventually fructifies in the achievement of buddhahood. The precise meaning of the perfections is discussed at length, as is the question of how the six (or ten) are to be divided between the categories of merit ( puņya ) and wisdom ( jnāna ) . For example, according to one interpretation of the six perfections, giving, morality, and patience contribute to the collection of merit (punyasambhāra); concentration and wisdom contribute to the collection of wisdom (jnänasam bhära), and effort contributes to both. Commentators also consider what distinguishes the practice o f these six from other instances of the practice of giving, etc. Some Madhyamaka exegetes, for example, argue that these virtues only become perfections when the bodhisattva engages in them with an understanding of emptiness (śūnyatā); for example, giving a gift without clinging to any conception of giver, gift, or recipient.	Enter content from this dictionary. You can find it online here as well as on the PDF in our archive. Follow the format: See page ###: FIRST FEW MEANINGFUL SENTENCES...
*Basic Meaning	The six or ten types of practices which lead an individual to Buddhahood. The practice of perfections is particularly important in Mahāyāna Buddhism in which the entire path of the Bodhisattva to reach full enlightenment is included in the six or ten perfections. The six perfections are that of giving, of discipline, patience, zeal, meditation, and wisdom. The perfection of skill-in-means, aspirations, power, and pristine wisdom are added to them to make ten perfections.	`No Markup` Enter the basic meaning for the term here in a short form. This is the official definition used throughout Tsadra wikis in tooltips. Please be careful how you fill this out. Markup is not allowed as it is not rendered in the tooltips anyways. REMINDER: Terms in source languages should be italicized instead of in quotation marks and English translations or phrases should be in quotation marks.
*Has the Sense of	The Sanskrit and Tibetan terms pāramitā and phar phyin imply crossing over or reaching the other side because these practices help the individual practitioner to cross the ocean of cycle of existence and reach Buddhahood.	`Markup OK` Include citations for content in parentheses and add both page creator and last edit info to the end of the paragraph(s). REMINDER: Terms in source languages should be italicized instead of in quotation marks and English translations or phrases should be in quotation marks.
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Definitions	These definitions should be sourced specifically. Make sure to list the page number or how you found the definition.
	Rangjung Yeshe's Definition	You can find definitions here and list the wiki page it is found on: https://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Main_Page
	Tshig mdzod Chen mo ༡) ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་སྟེ། ཐེག་ཆེན་གྱི་བསྒྲུབ་པའི་བསླབ་བྱ་གང་ཞིག་ཁྱད་ཆོས་བཞི་ལྡན་གྱི་ཕྱིན་དྲུག་གིས་བསྡུས་པའི་དགེ་བ་མཐའ་དག་སྒྲུབ་པའི་སེམས་པ་མཚུངས་ལྡན་དང་བཅས་པའོ། དེ་ནི་འཇིག་རྟེན་པ་དང་ཉན་རང་གི་དགེ་བ་ཀུན་ལས་ཕུལ་དུ་བྱུང་བས་ཕར་ངོས་སུ་སོང་བའམ། ཕ་མཐར་སོན་པའོ།།	Search the Text File in our BN Archive.
	Dung dkar Tshig mdzod Chen mo	Search the PDF in our BN Archive.
	Mahavyutpati	Search here.
	Karl Brunnhölzl	THIS FIELD IS ONLY FOR THE BUDDHA-NATURE PROJECT. See the book When the Clouds Part.
	Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary	Add content from F. Edgerton's Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary Available Here
	Muller's Digital Dictionary of Buddhism (DDB)	Login to the DBB with guest/guest: http://www.buddhism-dict.net/ddb/
	Wikipedia [[wikipedia:Pāramitā]]	You can use the internal link markups for pages on Wikipedia, just use wikipedia: as a prefix, ex: [[wikipedia:PAGENAME]].
	RigpaWiki [[rigpa:Paramita]]	You can use the internal link markups for pages on RigpaWiki, just use rigpa: as a prefix, ex: [[rigpa:PAGENAME]].
	Other Definitions	Use this as a free text space to add more content that does not fit above. Feel free to write sentences as needed and cite sources.
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