Edit GlossaryEntry: Madhyamaka

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Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism	See p. 487: In Sanskrit, “Middle Way (school)”; a proponent or follower of the middle way” (madhyamapratipad); Buddhism is renowned as the middle way between extremes, a term that appears in the Buddha’s first sermon (see P. ''Dhammacakkappavattanasutta'') in which he prescribed a middle path between the extremes of self-indulgence and self-mortification. Thus, all proponents of Buddhism are in a sense proponents of the middle way, for each school of Buddhist philosophy identifies different versions of the two extremes and charts a middle way between them. The term Madhyamaka has however come to refer more specifically to the school of Buddhist philosophy that sets forth a middle way between the extreme of eternalism (śāśvataḍṛṣṭi) and the extreme of annihilationism (ucchedaḍṛṣṭi)- The Madhyamaka school derives from the works of Nāgārjuna, the c. second century CE philosopher who is traditionally regarded as its founder. His major philosophical works, especially his ''Mūlamadhyamakakārikā'' (a.k.a. ''Madhyamakaśāstra''), as well as the writings of his disciple Āryadeva, provide the locus classicus for the school (which only seems to have been designated the Madhyamaka school after Āryadeva’s time). Commentaries on their works (by such figures as Buddhapālita, Bhāvaviveka, and Candrakīrti) provide the primary medium for philosophical expression in the school. Madhyamaka was highly influential in Tibet, where it was traditionally considered the highest of the four schools of Indian Buddhist philosophy (Madhyamaka, Yogācāra, Sautrāntika, and Vaibhāṣika). Tibetan exegetes discerned two branches in the Madhyamaka, the Prāsaṅgika (associated with Buddhapālita and Candrakīrti) and the Svātantrika (associated with Bhāvaviveka and Śāntarakṣita). The works of Nāgārjuna and Āryadeva were also widely studied in East Asia, forming the basis of the “Three Treatises” school (C. San lun zong ; K. Sam non chong; J. Sanronshū), where the three treatises are the Zhong lun (the “Middle Treatise,” or ''Madhyamakaśāstra''), the Shi’ermen lun (“Twelve Gate Treatise,” or ''Dvādaśamukhaśāstra''), and the Bai Lun (“Hundred Verses Treatise,” ''Śataśāstra''), the latter two attributed to Āryadeva. The Madhyamaka school is most renowned for its exposition of the nature of reality, especially its deployment of the doctrines of emptiness (śūnyatā) and the two truths (satyadvaya).	Enter content from this dictionary. You can find it online here as well as on the PDF in our archive. Follow the format: See page ###: FIRST FEW MEANINGFUL SENTENCES...
*Basic Meaning	Along with Yogācāra, it is one of the two major philosophical schools of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Founded by Nāgārjuna around the second century CE, it is rooted in the ''Prajñāpāramitā Sūtras'', though its initial exposition was presented in Nāgārjuna's ''Mūlamadhyamakakārikā''.	`No Markup` Enter the basic meaning for the term here in a short form. This is the official definition used throughout Tsadra wikis in tooltips. Please be careful how you fill this out. Markup is not allowed as it is not rendered in the tooltips anyways. REMINDER: Terms in source languages should be italicized instead of in quotation marks and English translations or phrases should be in quotation marks.
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Did you know?	A proponent of the Madhyamaka philosophy is known as a Mādhyamika.	`Markup OK` Enter an interesting tidbit of information FOR A GENERAL AUDIENCE.
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	Tshig mdzod Chen mo rtag chad kyi mtha' gnyis dang bral ba bden gnyis zung du 'jug pa'i lta ba rtsal du 'don mkhan grub mtha' smra ba bzhi'i ya gyal zhig ...	Search the Text File in our BN Archive.
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