Paratantrasvabhāva

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Key Term	paratantrasvabhāva
In Tibetan Script	གཞན་དབང་གི་རང་བཞིན་
Wylie Tibetan Transliteration	gzhan dbang gi rang bzhin
Devanagari Sanskrit Script	परतन्त्रस्वभाव
Romanized Sanskrit	paratantrasvabhāva
Tibetan Phonetic Rendering	zhenwang gi rangzhin
English Standard	dependent nature
Karl Brunnhölzl's English Term	dependent nature
Jeffrey Hopkin's English Term	other-powered nature
Term Type	Noun
Source Language	Sanskrit
Basic Meaning	The second of the three natures, according to the Yogācāra school. It is the dependent nature that is used to describe the relationship between mind and its objects, though there is a clear emphasis on the latter. Hence, this nature is concerned with the nature of seemingly external objects that arise in dependence upon causes and conditions.
Has the Sense of	relatively dependent
Related Terms	trisvabhāva
Definitions

The second of the three natures, according to the Yogācāra school. It is the dependent nature that is used to describe the relationship between mind and its objects, though there is a clear emphasis on the latter. Hence, this nature is concerned with the nature of seemingly external objects that arise in dependence upon causes and conditions.

The second of the three natures, according to the Yogācāra school. It is the dependent nature that is used to describe the relationship between mind and its objects, though there is a clear emphasis on the latter. Hence, this nature is concerned with the nature of seemingly external objects that arise in dependence upon causes and conditions.

According to the Yogācāra school, all phenomena can be divided into three natures or characteristics: the imaginary nature (parikalpitasvabhāva), the dependent nature (paratantrasvabhāva), and the perfect or absolute nature (pariniṣpannasvabhāva).

Along with Madhyamaka, it was one of the two major philosophical schools of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Founded by Asaṅga and Vasubandhu around the fourth century CE, many of its central tenets have roots in the Saṃdhinirmocanasūtra and the so-called third turning of the dharma wheel (see tridharmacakrapravartana).

According to the Yogācāra school, all phenomena can be divided into three natures or characteristics: the imaginary nature (parikalpitasvabhāva), the dependent nature (paratantrasvabhāva), and the perfect or absolute nature (pariniṣpannasvabhāva).