Bhūmi

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Key Term	bhūmi
In Tibetan Script	ས་
Wylie Tibetan Transliteration	sa
Devanagari Sanskrit Script	भूमि
Romanized Sanskrit	bhūmi
Japanese Transliteration	ji
Richard Barron's English Term	spiritual level
Jeffrey Hopkin's English Term	ground; level; stage
Ives Waldo's English Term	state; stage; level
Term Type	Noun
Source Language	Sanskrit
Related Terms	bodhisattvabhūmi; mārga
Definitions
Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism	In Sanskrit, lit. “ground”; deriving from an abhidharma denotation of bhūmi as a way or path (mārga), the term is used metaphorically to denote a “stage” of training, especially in the career of the bodhisattva or, in some contexts, a śrāvaka...
Rangjung Yeshe's English Term	The levels or stages a bodhisattva traverses on the journey to complete enlightenment.
Tshig mdzod Chen mo	sa lam gnyis kyi nang tshan du gyur pa'i sa ste/ rang gi 'bras bur gyur pa'i yon tan du ma'i gzhi rten byed pa'i lam zhugs kyi mngon rtogs te/ dman pa sa brgyad dang/ theg chen sa bcu lta bu'o/

Abhidharma generally refers to the corpus of Buddhist texts which deals with the typological, phenomenological, metaphysical, and epistemological presentation of Buddhist concepts and teachings. The abhidharma teachings present a meta-knowledge of Buddhist sūtras through analytical and systemic schemas and are said to focus on developing wisdom among the three principles of training. The Abhidharma is presented alongside Sūtra and Vinaya as one of the three baskets of the teachings of the Buddha.

The disciples of the Buddha who aspire to attain individual liberation or nirvāṇa. The final goal of the Hearers is to become an arhat, a state in which one has totally eliminated the inner problems of attachment, hatred and ignorance, the main causes for rebirth in this cycle of existence. There are four stages of a śrāvaka path including eight phases.